Music therapy - Knowledge

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culturally sensitive therapy (Valentino, 2006). An extensive knowledge of a culture is really needed to provide this effective treatment as providing culturally sensitive music therapy goes beyond knowing the language of speech, the country, or even some background about the culture. Simply choosing music that is from the same country of origin or that has the same spoken language is not effective for providing music therapy as music genres vary as do the messages each piece of music sends. Also, different cultures view and use music in various ways and may not always be the same as how the therapist views and uses music. Melody Schwantes and her colleagues wrote an article that describes the effective use of the Mexican "corrido" in a bereavement group of Mexican migrant farm workers (Schwantes, Wigram, Lipscomb & Richards, 2011). This support group was dealing with the loss of two of their coworkers after an accident they were in and so the corrido, a song form traditionally used for telling stories of the deceased. An important element that was also mentioned was that songwriting has shown to be a large cultural artifact in many cultures, and that there are many subtle messages and thoughts provided in songs that would otherwise be hard to identify. Lastly, the authors of this study stated that "Given the position and importance of songs in all cultures, the example in this therapeutic process demonstrates the powerful nature of lyrics and music to contain and express difficult and often unspoken feelings" (Schwantes

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American Navy, and U.S. Marines Corp. Individuals exposed to trauma benefit from their essential rehabilitative tools to follow the course of recovery from stress disorders. Music therapists are certified professionals who possess the abilities to determine appropriate interventions to support one recovering from a physically, emotionally, or mentally traumatic experience. In addition to their skills, they play an integral part throughout the treatment process of service members diagnosed with post-traumatic stress or brain injuries. In many cases, self-expression through songwriting or using instruments help restore emotions that can be lost following trauma. Music has a significant effect on troops traveling overseas or between bases because many soldiers view music to be an escape from war, a connection to their homeland and families, or as motivation. By working with a certified music therapist, marines undergo sessions re-instituting concepts of cognition, memory attention, and emotional processing. Although programs primarily focus on phases of military life, other service members such as the U.S. Air Force are eligible for treatment as well. For instance, during a music therapy session, a man begins to play a song to a wounded Airmen. The Airmen says " allows me to talk about something that happened without talking about it". Music allows the active duty airmen to open up about previous experiences while reducing his anxiety level.

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showed little improvement in participants (Rosner, Kruse & Hagl, 2010). Furthermore, a pilot study, which consisted of an experimental and control group, examined the effects of music therapy on mood and behaviors in the home and school communities. It was found that there was a significant change in grief symptoms and behaviors with the experimental group in the home, but conversely found that there was no significant change in the experimental group in the school community, despite the fact that mean scores on the Depression Self-Rating Index and the Behavior Rating Index decreased (Hilliard, 2001). Yet another study completed by Russel Hilliard (2007), looked at the effects of Orff-based music therapy and social work groups on childhood grief symptoms and behaviors. Using a control group that consisted of wait-listed clients, and employing the Behavior Rating Index for Children and the bereavement Group Questionnaire for Parents and Guardians as measurement tools, it was found that children who were in the music therapy group showed significant improvement in grief symptoms and also showed some improvement in behaviors compared to the control group, whereas the social work group also showed significant improvement in both grief and behaviors compared to the control group. The study concludes with support for music therapy as a medium from bereavement groups for children (Hilliard, 2007).

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on the therapist, in general MIT relies on the use of intonation (the rising and falling of the voice) and rhythm (beat/speed) to train patients to produce phrases verbally. In MIT, common words and phrases are turned into melodic phrases, generally starting with two step sing-song patterns and eventually emulating typical speech intonation and rhythmic patterns. A therapist will usually begin by introducing an intonation to their patient through humming. They will accompany this humming with a rhythm produced by the tapping of the left hand. At the same time, the therapist will introduce a visual stimuli of the written phrase to be learned. The therapist then sings the phrase with the patient, and ideally the patient is eventually able to sing the phrase on their own. With much repetition and through a process of "inner-rehearsal" (practicing internally hearing one's voice singing), a patient may eventually be able to produce the phrase verbally without singing. As the patient advances in therapy, the procedure can be adapted to give them more autonomy and to teach them more complex phrases. Through the use of MIT, a non-fluent aphasic patient can be taught numerous phrases which aid them to communicate and function during daily life.

889:) influence this method, which is used with children with developmental problems, delays, and disabilities. Theodor Hellbrügge developed the area of social pediatrics in Germany after the Second World War. He understood that medicine alone could not meet the complex needs of developmentally disabled children. Hellbrügge consulted psychologists, occupational therapists and other mental healthcare professionals whose knowledge and skills could aid in the diagnostics and treatment of children. Gertrude Orff was asked to develop a form of therapy based on the Orff Schulwerk approach to support the emotional development of patients. Elements found in both the music therapy and education approaches include the understanding of holistic music presentation as involving word, sound and movement, the use of both music and play improvisation as providing a creative stimulus for the child to investigate and explore, Orff instrumentation, including keyboard instruments and percussion instruments as a means of participation and interaction in a therapeutic setting, and the multisensory aspects of music used by the therapist to meet the particular needs of the child, such as both feeling and hearing sound. 1228:). Applying music and thematic sounds to the healing process is believed to help the patient overcome true sickness in his/her mind which then will seemingly cure the disease. Another practice involving music is called "Igbeuku", a religious practice performed by faith healers. In the practice of Igbeuku, patients are persuaded to confess their sins which cause themselves serve discomfort. Following a confession, patients feel emotionally relieved because the priest has announced them clean and subjected them to a rigorous dancing exercise. The dancing exercise is a "thank you" for the healing and tribute to the spiritual greater beings. The dance is accompanied by music and can be included among the unorthodox medical practices of Nigerian culture. While most of the music therapy practices come in the medical field, musical therapy is often used in the passing of a loved one. The use of song and dance in a funeral setting is very common across the continent but especially in 254:

Offering musical therapy to premature infants while they are in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) aims to both mask unwanted auditory stimuli, stimulate infant development, and promote a calm environment for families. While there are no reported adverse effects from music therapy, the evidence supporting music therapy's beneficial effects for infants is weak as many of the clinical trials that have been performed either had mixed results or were poorly designed. There is no strong evidence to suggest that music therapy improves an infant's oxygen therapy, improves sucking, or improves development when compared to usual care. There is some weaker evidence that music therapy may decrease an infants' heart rate. There is no evidence to indicate that music therapy reduces anxiety in parents of preterm infants in the NICU or information to understand what type of music therapy may be more beneficial or how for how long.

6205:, Robert Burton, subsection 3, on and after line 3480, "Music a Remedy": "But to leave all declamatory speeches in praise of divine music, I will confine myself to my proper subject: besides that excellent power it hath to expel many other diseases, it is a sovereign remedy against despair and melancholy, and will drive away the devil himself. Canus, a Rhodian fiddler, in Philostratus, when Apollonius was inquisitive to know what he could do with his pipe, told him, 'That he would make a melancholy man merry, and him that was merry much merrier than before, a lover more enamoured, a religious man more devout.' Ismenias the Theban, Chiron the centaur, is said to have cured this and many other diseases by music alone: as now they do those, saith Bodine, that are troubled with St. Vitus's Bedlam dance." 856:, as well as instrumental and song books for children, were released during this time. Nordoff and Robbins's success became known globally in the mental health community, and they were invited to share their findings and offer training on an international tour that lasted several years. Funds were granted to support the founding of the Nordoff Robbins Music Therapy Centre in Great Britain in 1974, where a one-year graduate program for students was implemented. In the early eighties, a center was opened in Australia, and various programs and institutes for music therapy were founded in Germany and other countries. In the United States, the Nordoff-Robbins Center for Music Therapy was established at New York University in 1989 668:

have found that music therapy has at least some promising effects, especially when used for the treatment of grief and bereavement. The AMTA has largely supported the advancement of music therapy through research that would promote evidenced-based practice. With the definition of evidence-based health care as "the conscientious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients or the delivery of health services, current best evidence is up-to-date information from relevant, valid research about the effects of different forms of health care, the potential for harm from exposure to particular agents, the accuracy of diagnostic tests, and the predictive power of prognostic factors".

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patient to a higher state of consciousness where healing and constructive self-awareness can take place. Music is considered a "co-therapist" because of its importance. GIM with children can be used in one-on-one or group settings, and involves relaxation techniques, identification and sharing of personal feeling states, and improvisation to discover the self, and foster growth. The choice of music is carefully selected for the client based on their musical preferences and the goals of the session. The piece is usually classical, and it must reflect the age and attention abilities of the child in length and genre. A full explanation of the exercises must be offered at their level of understanding.

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passionate interest in music. For him, this was an example of normally suppressed brain functions being released by damage to others". Sacks had a genuine interest in trying to help people affected with neurological disorders and other phenomena associated with music, and how it can provide access to otherwise unreachable emotional states, revivify neurological avenues that have been frozen, evoke memories of earlier, lost events or states of being and attempts to bring those with neurological disorders back to a time when the world was much richer for them. He was a firm believer that music has the power to heal.

896:, the developmental potential of the child, as in the acknowledgement of their strengths as well as their handicaps, and the importance of the therapist-child relationship, are central factors in Orff music therapy. The strong emphasis on social integration and the involvement of parents in the therapeutic process found in social pediatrics also influence theoretical foundations. Knowledge of developmental psychology puts into perspective how developmental disabilities influence the child, as do their social and familial environments. The basis for interaction in this method is known as 531:

hospital provided "music and movement sessions and musical performances" as well as "group and individual music therapy for patients with serious mental illness or emotional problems." Two main categories of music therapy were used in this study; analytic music therapy and Nordoff-Robbins music therapy. Analytic music therapy involves both words and music, while Nordoff-Robbins music therapy places great emphasis on assessing how clients react to music therapy and how the use of this type of therapy can be constantly altered and shifted to allow it to benefit the client the most.

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these disappointing life events may be. For example, many people of adolescent age experience life-altering events such as parental divorce, trauma from emotional or physical abuse, struggles within school, and loss. If this grief is not acted upon early on through the use of some kind of therapy, it can alter the entire course of an adolescent's life. In one particular study on the impact of music therapy on grief management within adolescents used songwriting to allow these adolescents to express what they were feeling through lyrics and instrumentals. In the article

836:, a special educator, partnered with Nordoff for over 17 years in the exploration and research of music's effects on disabled children—first in the UK, and then in the United States in the 1950s and 60s. Their pilot projects included placements at care units for autistic children and child psychiatry departments, where they put programs in place for children with mental disorders, emotional disturbances, developmental delays, and other handicaps. Their success at establishing a means of communication and relationship with children with cognitive impairments at the 645:(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) lists bereavement as a mental health diagnosis when the focus of clinical attention is related to the loss of a loved one and when symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder are present for up to two months. Music therapy models have been found to be successful in treating grief and bereavement (Rosner, Kruse & Hagl, 2010).In many countries, including the United States, music therapists do not diagnose, therefore diagnosing a bereavement-related disorder would not be within their scope of practice. 92: 1843:. Despite research data, observations by doctors and nurses, praise from patients, and willing musicians, it was difficult to vastly increase music therapy services or establish lasting music therapy education programs or organizations in the early 20th century. However, many of the music therapy leaders of this time period provided music therapy during WWI or to its veterans. These were pioneers in the field such as Eva Vescelius, musician, author, 1903 founder of the short-lived National Therapeutic Society of New York and the 1913 1587:

of music-centered tools, techniques, and activities when working with military-associated clients, many of which are similar to the techniques used in other music therapy settings. These methods include, but are not limited to: group drumming, listening, singing, and songwriting. Songwriting is a particularly effective tool with military veterans struggling with PTSD and TBI as it creates a safe space to, "... work through traumatic experiences, and transform traumatic memories into healthier associations".

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with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like disorders. In addition, moderate-to-low-quality evidence suggests that music therapy as an addition to standard care improves the global state, mental state (including negative and general symptoms). Further research using standardized music therapy programs and consistent monitoring protocols are necessary to understand the effectiveness of this approach for adults with schizophrenia. Music therapy may be a useful tool for helping treat people with

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Association for Music Therapy was created, though at that time called the Urban Federation of Music Therapists. The Certification Board for Music Therapists was created in 1983 which strengthened the practice of music therapy and the trust that it was given. In 1998, the American Music Therapy Association was formed out of a merger between National and American Associations and as of 2017 is the single largest music therapy organization in the world (American music therapy, 1998–2011).

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taking out specific words in the chorus of a song and by repeating phrases back to the music therapist when the therapist sang a phrase of a song to them. Drumming led to increased socialization of the group, as it allowed the patients collaborate to create particular rhythms. Improvisation allowed the patients to get out of their comfort zone and taught them how to better deal with anxiety. Lastly, movement with either one arm or two increased social interaction between the patients.

158:, "is the clinical and evidence-based use of music interventions to accomplish individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship by a credentialed professional who has completed an approved music therapy program." It is also a vocation, involving a deep commitment to music and the desire to use it as a medium to help others. Although music therapy has only been established as a profession relatively recently, the connection between music and therapy is not new. 10799: 545: 334: 1427:

psychiatric wards. Positive changes in patients' mental and physical health were noted by nurses. The volunteer musicians, many of whom had degrees in music education, becoming aware of the powerful effects music could have on patients realized that specialized training was necessary. The first music therapy bachelor's degree program was established in 1944 with three others and one master's degree program quickly following: "

900:, in which the therapist meets the child at their level and responds according to their initiatives, combining both humanistic and developmental psychology philosophies. Involving the parents in this type of interaction by having them participate directly or observe the therapist's techniques equips the parents with ideas of how to interact appropriately with their child, thus fostering a positive parent-child relationship. 1397:. Despite research data, observations by doctors and nurses, praise from patients, and willing musicians, it was difficult to vastly increase music therapy services or establish lasting music therapy education programs or organizations in the early 20th century. However, many of the music therapy leaders of this time period provided music therapy during WWI or to its veterans. These were pioneers in the field such as 867:. The Nordoff-Robbins approach, based on the belief that everyone is capable of finding meaning in and benefiting from musical experience, is now practiced by hundreds of therapists internationally. This approach focuses on treatment through the creation of music by both therapist and client together. The therapist uses various techniques so that even the most low functioning individuals can actively participate. 481:

these right language areas through the activation of music processing areas also in the right hemisphere Similarly, the rhythmic tapping of the left hand stimulates the right sensorimotor cortex to further engage the right hemisphere in language production. Overall, by stimulating the right hemisphere during language tasks, therapists hope to decrease dependence on the left hemisphere for language production.

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college or university (or have a bachelor's degree and complete all of the music therapy course requirements from an accredited program), which includes successfully completing a music therapy internship. To maintain the credential, 100 units of continuing education must be completed every five years. The board exam is created by and administered through The Certification Board for Music Therapists.

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Emperor's Canon of internal medicine believed that the five tones (Palace, Shang, horn, emblem and feather) belonged to the five elements (gold, wood, water, fire and earth), and were associated with five basic emotions (joy, anger, worry, thought and fear), that is, the five chronicles. Different music such as palace, Shang, horn, micro and feather were used to target different diseases.

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reserve palliative care for patients who have an incurable illness. Music is also viewed differently between Africa and Western countries. In Western countries and a majority of other countries throughout the world, music is traditionally seen as entertainment whereas in many African cultures, music is used in recounting stories, celebrating life events, or sending messages.

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and lyric analysis. While there has been no conclusive research done on the comparison of interventions (Jones, 2005; Silverman, 2008; Silverman & Marcionetti, 2004), the use of particular interventions is individualized to each client based upon thorough assessment of needs, and the effectiveness of treatment may not rely on the type of intervention (Silverman, 2009).

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Creative Arts Therapy license (LCAT) incorporates the music therapy credential within their licensure, a mental health license that requires a master's degree and post-graduate supervision. The states of California and Connecticut have title protection for music therapists, meaning only those with the MT-BC credential can use the title "Board Certified Music Therapist".

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it. During music sessions, patients participate in song discussion, music relaxation, and are given the ability to listen to their preferred music genre. It can improve mood, decrease stress, decrease pain, enhance relaxation, and decrease anxiety; this can help with coping skills. There is also evidence of biochemical changes (e.g., lowered cortisol levels).

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away, and substance abuse. Goals in treating adolescents with music therapy, especially for those at high risk, often include increased recognition and awareness of emotions and moods, improved decision-making skills, opportunities for creative self expression, decreased anxiety, increased self-confidence, improved self-esteem, and better listening skills.

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resistance. Music therapy conducted in groups allows adolescent individuals to feel a sense of belonging, express their opinions, learn how to socialize and verbalize appropriately with peers, improve compromising skills, and develop tolerance and empathy. Group sessions that emphasize cooperation and cohesion can be effective in working with adolescents.

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improvements in social behaviors, overt behaviors like wandering and restlessness, reductions in agitated behaviors, and improvements to cognitive defects, measured with reality orientation and face recognition tests. The effectiveness of the treatment seems to be strongly dependent on the patient and the quality and length of treatment.

1236:). The music helps alleviate the sorrows felt by the family members and friends of the lost loved one. Along with music therapy being a practice for funeral events, it is also implemented to those dying as a last resort tactic of healing. The Esan of Edo State of Nigeria, in particular, herbalists perform practices with an Oko – a small 1848:

American Red Cross Director of Hospital Music in World War I reconstruction hospitals, 1919 Columbia University musicotherapy teacher, 1926 founder of the National Association for Music in Hospitals, and author; and Harriet Ayer Seymour, music therapist to World War I veterans, author, researcher, lecturer/teacher, founder of the

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the terms model, orientation, or approach might be encountered and may have slightly different meanings. Regardless, music therapists use both psychology models and models specific to music therapy. The theories these models are based on include beliefs about human needs, causes of distress, and how humans grow or heal.

1820:, arguing that the stimulation of the nerves caused by music could directly improve or harm health. Throughout the 19th century, an impressive number of books and articles were authored by physicians in Europe and the United States discussing use of music as a therapeutic agent to treat both mental and physical illness. 234:

confides in the prognosis of recovery, the condition of the client, and the environmental resources available. Both techniques use systematic processes where the therapists assist the client by using musical experiences and connections that collaborate as a dynamic force of change toward rehabilitation.

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or music. A Nigerian colleague felt "that music in Africa is healing, and what is music therapy other than some colonial import?" Pavlicevic noted that "in Africa there is a long tradition of music healing" and asked "Can there be a synthesis of these two music-based practices towards something new?...

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Music therapists work with active duty military personnel, veterans, service members in transition, and their families. Music therapists strive to engage clients in music experiences that foster trust and complete participation over the course of their treatment process. Music therapists use an array

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From a western viewpoint, music therapy in the 20th and 21st centuries (as of 2021), as an evidence-based, allied healthcare profession, grew out of the aftermath of World Wars I and II, when, particularly in the United Kingdom and United States, musicians would travel to hospitals and play music for

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Mercédès Pavlicevic (1955–2018), an international music therapist, along with Kobie Temmingh, pioneered the music therapy program at the University of Pretoria, which debuted with a master's degree program in 1999. She noted the differences in longstanding traditions and other ways of viewing healing

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In 1999, the first program for music therapy in Africa opened in Pretoria, South Africa. Research has shown that in Tanzania patients can receive palliative care for life-threatening illnesses directly after the diagnosis of these illnesses. This is different from many Western countries, because they

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In active music therapy, patients engage in some form of music-making (e.g., vocalizing, rapping, chanting, singing, playing instruments, improvising, song writing, composing, or conducting). Researchers at Baylor, Scott, and White Universities are studying the effect of harmonica playing on patients

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Receptive music therapy involves listening to recorded or live genres of music such as classical, rock, jazz, and/or country music. In Receptive music therapy, patients are the recipient of the music experience, meaning that they are actively listening and responding to the music rather than creating

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page, such as: facilitating verbal and nonverbal communication, self-exploration, creating intimacy, teamwork, developing creativity, and improving cognitive skills. Building on these goals, Botello and Krout designed a cognitive behavioral application to assess and improve communication in couples.

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Music therapy practice is working together with clients, through music, to promote healthy change (Bruscia, 1998). The American Music Therapy Association (AMTA) has defined the practice of music therapy as "a behavioral science concerned with changing unhealthy behaviors and replacing them with more

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Since 2017, providing evidence-based practice is becoming more and more important and music therapy has been continuously critiqued and regulated to provide that desired evidence-based practice. A number of research studies and meta-analyses have been conducted on, or included, music therapy and all

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There is some discussion on the process of change facilitated by musical activities on mental wellness. Scholars proposed a six-dimensional framework, which contains emotional, psychological, social, cognitive, behavioral and spiritual aspects. Through conducting interview sessions with mental health

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are those born at 37 weeks after conception or earlier. They are subject to numerous health risks, such as abnormal breathing patterns, decreased body fat and muscle tissue, as well as feeding issues. The coordination for sucking and breathing is often not fully developed, making feeding a challenge.

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Music therapy intervention programs typically include about 18 sessions of treatment. The achievement of a physical rehabilitation goal relies on the child's existing motivation and feelings towards music and their commitment to engage in meaningful, rewarding efforts. Regaining full functioning also

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A person diagnosed with PTSD can associate a memory or experience with a song they have heard. This can result in either good or bad experiences. If it is a bad experience, the song's rhythm or lyrics can bring out the person's anxiety or fear response. If it is a good experience, the song can bring

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either in music therapy or in fields related to music therapy. A music therapist typically incorporates music therapy techniques with broader clinical practices such as psychotherapy, rehabilitation, and other practices depending on client needs. Music therapy services rendered within the context of

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The states of Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, North Dakota, Nevada, New Jersey, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Virginia have established licenses for music therapists, while in Wisconsin, music therapists must be registered, and in Utah hold state certification. In the State of New York, the

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More than 2000 years ago, the book Yue Ji also talked about the important role of music in regulating life harmony and improving health; "Zuo Zhuan" recorded the famous doctors of the state of Qin and the discussion that music can prevent and treat diseases: "there are six or seven days, the hair is

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One of the first groups known to heal with sound were the aboriginal people of Australia. The modern name of their healing tool is the didgeridoo, but it was originally called the yidaki. The yidaki produced sounds that are similar to the sound healing techniques used in modern day. The sound of the

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Though music therapy practice employs a large number of intervention techniques, some of the most commonly used interventions include improvisation, therapeutic singing, therapeutic instrumental music playing, music-facilitated reminiscence and life review, songwriting, music-facilitated relaxation,

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the results of the study demonstrate that in all of the treatment groups combined, the mean GPS (grief process scale) score decreased by 43%. The use of music therapy songwriting allowed these adolescents to become less overwhelmed with grief and better able to process it as demonstrated by the

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Music therapy has been used to help bring improvements to mental health among people of all age groups. It has been used as far back as the 1830s. One example of a mental hospital that used music therapy to aid in the healing process of their patients includes the Hanwell Lunatic Asylum. This mental

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There is weak evidence to suggest that people with schizophrenia may benefit from the addition of music therapy along with their other standard treatment regieme. Potential improvements include decreased aggression, less hallucinations and delusions, social functioning, and quality of life of people

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While unable to speak fluently, patients with non-fluent aphasia are often able to sing words, phrases, and even sentences they cannot express otherwise. MIT harnesses the singing ability of patients with non-fluent aphasia as a means to improve their communication. Although its exact nature depends

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studied neurological oddities in people, trying to understand how the brain works. He concluded that people with some type of frontal lobe damage often "produced not only severe difficulties with expressive language (aphasia) but a strange access of musicality with incessant whistling, singing and a

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Music therapy may benefit the family as a whole. Some family members of children with autism claim that music therapy sessions have allowed their child to interact more with the family and the world. Music therapy is also beneficial in that it gives children an outlet to use outside of the sessions.

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to treat hyperactivity, depression, anxiety, addiction, and post traumatic stress disorder. She has met with great success in working with many international organizations, and in the training of therapists, educators, and doctors. The Lebanese Association Of Music Therapy L.A.M.T ref number 65 is

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is a comprehensive approach to assessment, treatment, and evaluation that includes theoretical principles, clinical indications and contraindications, goals, methodological guidelines and specifications, and the characteristic use of certain procedural sequences and techniques." In the literature,

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Two fundamental types of music therapy are receptive music therapy and active music therapy (also known as expressive music therapy). Active music therapy engages clients or patients in the act of making music, whereas receptive music therapy guides patients or clients in listening or responding to

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allows for clients to make up, or alter, music as they see fit. While improvisation is an intervention in a methodical practice, it does allow for some freedom of expression, which is what it is often used for. Improvisation has several other clinical goals as well, which can also be found on the

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The mechanisms of this success are yet to be fully understood. It is commonly agreed that while speech is lateralized mostly to the left hemisphere (for right-handed and most left-handed individuals), some speech functionality is also distributed in the right hemisphere. MIT is thought to stimulate

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A group of adults with dementia participated in group music therapy. In the group, these adults engaged in singing, drumming, improvisation, and movement. Each of these activities engaged the adults in different ways. The singing aided with memory, as these adults improved memorization skills in by

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The current national credential is MT-BC (Music Therapist-Board Certified). It is not required in all states. To be eligible to apply to take the Board Certification Examination in Music Therapy, an individual must successfully complete a music therapy degree from a program accredited by AMTA at a

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It is said that in ancient times, really good traditional Chinese medicine did not use acupuncture or traditional Chinese medicine, but music: at the end of a song, people were safe when they were discharged. As early as before the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, the Yellow

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Empathy in general is an important aspect of any mental health practitioner and the same is true for music therapists, as is multicultural awareness. It is the added complexity to cultural empathy that comes from adding music that provides both the greater risk and potential to provide exceptional

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Grief treatment is very valuable within the adolescent age group. Just as adults and the elderly struggle with grief from loss, relationship issues, job-related stress, and financial issues, so do adolescents also experience grief from disappointments that occur early on in life, however different

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Music therapy may be suggested for adolescent populations to help manage disorders usually diagnosed in adolescence, such as mood/anxiety disorders and eating disorders, or inappropriate behaviors, including suicide attempts, withdrawal from family, social isolation from peers, aggression, running

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Ancient flutes, carved from ivory and bone, were found by archaeologists, that were determined to be from as far back as 43,000 years ago. He also states that "The earliest fragment of musical notation is found on a 4,000-year-old Sumerian clay tablet, which includes instructions and tuning for a

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Music therapy programs primarily target active duty military members and their treatment facility to provide reconditioning among members convalescing in Army hospitals. Although, music therapy programs not only benefit the military but rather a wide range of clients including the U.S. Air Force,

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A music therapy degree candidate can earn an undergraduate, master's or doctoral degree in music therapy. Many AMTA approved programs in the United States offer equivalency and certificate degrees in music therapy for students that have completed a degree in a related field. Some practicing music

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The roots of musical therapy in India can be traced back to ancient Hindu mythology, Vedic texts, and local folk traditions. It is very possible that music therapy has been used for hundreds of years in Indian culture. In the 1990s, another dimension to this, known as Musopathy, was postulated by

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In 1989, the Chinese society of therapeutics was officially established; In 1994, pukaiyuan published his monograph music therapy; In 1995, he Huajun and Lu Tingzhu published a monograph music therapy; In 2000, Zhang Hongyi edited and published fundamentals of music therapy; In 2002, fan Xinsheng

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Chinese contemporary music therapy began in the 1980s. In 1984, Professor Zhang Boyuan of the Department of psychology of Peking University published the experimental report on the research of physical and mental defense of music, which was the first published scientific research article on music

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The practitioner often suggests a relaxing and focusing image, and through the use of imagination and discussion, they aim to find constructive solutions to manage their problems. Bonny applied this psychotherapeutic method to the field of music therapy by using music as the means of guiding the

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Singing or playing an instrument is often used to help clients express their thoughts and feelings in a more structured manner than improvisation and can also allow participation with only limited knowledge of music. Singing in a group can facilitate a sense of community and can also be used as

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While results are somewhat contradictory, studies have in fact found increased right hemispheric activation in non-fluent aphasic patients after MIT. This change in activation has been interpreted as evidence of decreased dependence on the left hemisphere. There is debate, however, as to whether

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Like many of the other disorders mentioned, some of the most common significant effects of the disorder can be seen in social behaviors, leading to improvements in interaction, conversation, and other such skills. A study of over 330 subjects showed that music therapy produces highly significant

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Among adolescents, group meetings and individual sessions are the main methods for music therapy. Both methods may include listening to music, discussing concerning moods and emotions in or toward music, analyzing the meanings of specific songs, writing lyrics, composing or performing music, and

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From a western viewpoint, music therapy in the 20th and 21st centuries (as of 2021), as an evidence-based, allied healthcare profession, grew out of the aftermath of World Wars I and II. Particularly in the United Kingdom and United States, musicians would travel to hospitals and play music for

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Music therapy in the military is seen in programs on military bases, VA healthcare facilities, military treatment facilities, and military communities. Music therapy programs have a large outreach because they exist for all phases of military life: pre-mobilization, deployment, post-deployment,

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and the Office of the Surgeon General worked together to lead one of the earliest assessments of a music therapy program. The goal of the study was to understand whether "music presented according to a specific plan" influenced recovery among service members with mental and emotional disorders.

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Research that compares types of music therapy intervention has been inconclusive. Music Therapists use lyric analysis in a variety of ways, but typically lyric analysis is used to facilitate dialogue with clients based on the lyrics, which can then lead to discussion that addresses the goals of

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Though there has been research done on music therapy, and though the use of it has been evaluated, there remain a number of limitations in these studies and further research should be completed before absolute conclusions are made, though the results of using music therapy in the treatment have

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Both qualitative and quantitative studies have been completed and both have provided evidence to support music therapy in the use of bereavement treatment. One study that evaluated a number of treatment approaches found that only music therapy had significant positive outcomes where the others

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Music may help people with autism hone their motor and attention skills as well as healthy neurodevelopment of socio-communication and interaction skills. Music therapy may also contribute to improved selective attention, speech production, and language processing and acquisition in people with

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There is some evidence that, when combined with other types of rehabilitation, music therapy may contribute to the success rate of sensorimotor, cognitive, and communicative rehabilitation. For children and adolescents with major depressive or anxiety disorders, there is moderate to low quality

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Music therapy is a broad field. Music therapists use music-based experiences to address client needs in one or more domains of human functioning: cognitive, academic, emotional/psychological; behavioral; communication; social; physiological (sensory, motor, pain, neurological and other physical

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journal, and creator/teacher of a musicotherapy course; Margaret Anderton, pianist, World War I music therapy provider for Canadian soldiers, a strong believer in training for music therapists, and 1919 Columbia University musicotherapy teacher; Isa Maud Ilsen, a nurse and musician who was the

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In short, Chinese music therapy has made rapid progress in theoretical research, literature review and clinical research. In addition, the music therapy methods under the guidance of ancient Chinese music therapy theory and traditional Chinese medicine theory with a long history have attracted

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The 21st century is a culturally pluralistic world. In some countries, such as the United States, an individual may have multiple cultural identities that are quite different from the music therapist's. These include race; ethnicity, culture, and/or heritage; religion; sex; ability/disability;

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Another meta-study examined the proposed neurological mechanisms behind music therapy's effects on these patients. Many authors suspect that music has a soothing effect on the patient by affecting how noise is perceived: music renders noise familiar, or buffers the patient from overwhelming or

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In the 1940s, changes in philosophy regarding care of psychiatric patients as well as the influx of WWII veterans in Veterans Administration hospitals renewed interest in music programs for patients. Many musicians volunteered to provide entertainment and were primarily assigned to perform on

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A degree in music therapy requires proficiency in guitar, piano, voice, music theory, music history, reading music, improvisation, as well as varying levels of skill in assessment, documentation, and other counseling and health care skills depending on the focus of the particular university's

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thrived in the early to mid 1900s and while a number of organizations were created, none survived for long. It was not until 1950 that the National Association for Music Therapy was founded in New York that clinical training and certification requirements were created. In 1971, the American

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Private individual sessions can provide personal attention and are most effective when using music preferred by the patient. Using music that adolescents can relate to or connect with can help adolescent patients view the therapist as safe and trustworthy, and to engage in therapy with less

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colorless, the emblem is five colors, and sex produces six diseases." It is emphasized that silence should be controlled and appropriate in order to have a beneficial regulating effect on the human body; The book "the soul and the body flow, the spirit also flows"; Zhang Jingyue and

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didgeridoo produces a low, bass frequency. For at least 40,000 years, the healing tool was believed to assist in healing "broken bones, muscle tears and illnesses of every kind". However, here are no reliable sources stating the didgeridoo's exact age. Archaeological studies of

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A conference in August 1974, organized by Norma Sharpe and six other music therapists, led to the founding of the Canadian Music Therapy Association, which was later renamed the Canadian Association for Music Therapy (CAMT). As of 2009, the organization had over 500 members.

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Broca's aphasia, or non-fluent aphasia, is a language disorder caused by damage to Broca's area and surrounding regions in the left frontal lobe. Those with non-fluent aphasia are able to understand language fairly well, but they struggle with language production and syntax.

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to make King Saul feel relieved and better. It has since been used all over the world for treatment of various issues, though the first recorded use of official "music therapy" was in 1789 – an article titled "Music Physically Considered" by an unknown author was found in

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Pellizzari, Patricia y colaboradores: Flavia Kinisberg, Germán Tuñon, Candela Brusco, Diego Patles, Vanesa Menendez, Julieta Villegas, y Emmanuel Barrenechea (2011). "Crear Salud", aportes de la Musicoterapia preventiva-comunitaria. Patricia Pellizzari Ediciones. Buenos

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The first university sponsored music therapy course was taught by Margaret Anderton in 1919 at Columbia University. Anderton's clinical specialty was working with wounded Canadian soldiers during World War II, using music-based services to aid in their recovery process.

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In the use of music therapy for adults, there is "music medicine" which is called for listening to prerecorded music as treated like a medicine. Music Therapy also uses "Receptive music therapy" using "music-assisted relaxation" and using images connecting to the music.

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changes in right hemispheric activation are part of the therapeutic process during/after MIT, or are simply a side effect of non-fluent aphasia. In hopes of making MIT more effective, researchers are continually studying the mechanisms of MIT and non-fluent aphasia.

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Publication on music therapy education and training has been detailed in both single author (Goodman, 2011) and edited (Goodman, 2015, 2023) volumes. The register of the European Music Therapy Confederation lists all educational training programs throughout Europe.

277:(defect in expression causing distorted speech), or language comprehension. Singing training has been found to improve lung, speech clarity, and coordination of speech muscles, thus, accelerating rehabilitation of such neurological impairments. For example, 1724:

played music for mental patients. In the thirteenth century, Arab hospitals contained music-rooms for the benefit of the patients. In the United States, Native American medicine men often employed chants and dances as a method of healing patients. The

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systems), spiritual, aesthetics. Music experiences are strategically designed to use the elements of music for therapeutic effects, including melody, harmony, key, mode, meter, rhythm, pitch/range, duration, timbre, form, texture, and instrumentation.

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hymn honoring the ruler Lipit-Ishtar. But for the title of oldest extant song, most historians point to "Hurrian Hymn No. 6," an ode to the goddess Nikkal that was composed in cuneiform by the ancient Hurrian's sometime around the 14th century B.C.".

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Silverman, M. J. (2008). Quantitative comparison of cognitive behavioral therapy and music therapy research: A methodological best-practices analysis to guide future investigation for adult psychiatric patients. Journal of Music Therapy, 45(4),

1415:, a nurse and musician who was the American Red Cross Director of Hospital Music in WWI reconstruction hospitals, 1919 Columbia University musicotherapy teacher, 1926 founder of the National Association for Music in Hospitals, and author; and 513:

For adults with depressive symptoms, there is some weak evidence to suggest that music therapy may help reduce symptoms and recreative music therapy and guided imagery and music being superior to other methods in reducing depressive symptoms.

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to determine if it helps improve lung function. Another example of active music therapy takes place in a nursing home in Japan: therapists teach the elderly how to play easy-to-use instruments so they can overcome physical difficulties.

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Krout, R. E. (2005). Applications of music therapist-composed songs in creating participant connections and facilitating goals and rituals during one-time bereavement support groups and programs. Music Therapy Perspectives, 23(2),

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advocated the sound of cymbals and running water for the treatment of mental disorders. Music as therapy was practiced in the Bible when David played the harp to rid King Saul of a bad spirit (1 Sam 16:23). As early as 400 B.C.,

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Live music was used in hospitals after both World Wars as part of the treatment program for recovering soldiers. Clinical music therapy in Britain as it is understood today was pioneered in the 1960s and 1970s by French cellist

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soldiers suffering from with war-related emotional and physical trauma. Using music to treat the mental and physical ailments of active duty military and veterans was not new. Its use was recorded during the U.S. Civil War and

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graduate and Professor of Music, was a pianist and composer who, upon seeing disabled children respond so positively to music, gave up his academic career to further investigate the possibility of music as a means for therapy.

1029:, in Toronto. Her group 'The Wheelchair Players' continued until 1964, and is considered to be the first music therapy group project in Canada. Its production "The Emperor's Nightingale" was the subject of a documentary film. 996:

1949 in Australia, music therapy (not clinical music therapy as understood today) was started through concerts organized by the Australian Red Cross along with a Red Cross Music Therapy Committee. The key Australian body, the

844:'s first grant given of this nature, and the 5-year study "Music therapy project for psychotic children under seven at the day care unit" involved research, publication, training and treatment. Several publications, including 1454:

The American Music Therapy Association (AMTA) was founded in 1998 as a merger between the National Association for Music Therapy (NAMT, founded in 1950) and the American Association for Music Therapy (AAMT, founded in 1971).

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issued Technical Bulletin 187 in 1945, which described the use of music in the recovery of military service members in Army hospitals. The use of music therapy in military settings started to flourish and develop following

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for physical rehabilitation in stroke survivors. Music therapy is used in medical hospitals, cancer centers, schools, alcohol and drug recovery programs, psychiatric hospitals, nursing homes, and correctional facilities.

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The Indian Association of Music Therapy was established in 2010 by Dr. Dinesh C. Sharma with a motto "to use pleasant sounds in a specific manner like drug in due course of time as green medicine". He also published the

1203:, and music therapy research from this country uses a wide variety of methods to examine diverse methods across an array of social contexts, including community centers, medical clinics, retirement homes, and prisons. 801:

Music educator and therapist Helen Lindquist Bonny (1921–2010) developed an approach influenced by humanistic and transpersonal psychological views, known as the Bonny Method of guided imagery in music (BGIM or GIM).

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Practitioners are registered with the Health Professions Council and, starting from 2007, new registrants must normally hold a master's degree in music therapy. There are master's level programs in music therapy in

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extraneous noise in their environment. Others suggest that music serves as a sort of mediator for social interactions, providing a vessel through which to interact with others without requiring much cognitive load.

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is unknown, however the country is identified to have a lengthy lineage and history of musical therapy being utilized throughout the culture. The most common people associated with music therapy are herbalists,

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have been using the didgeridoo for less than 1,000 years, based on the dating of paintings on cave walls and shelters from this period. A clear rock painting in Ginga Wardelirrhmeng, on the northern edge of the

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Silverman, M. J. (2009). The use of lyric analysis interventions in contemporary psychiatric music therapy: Descriptive results of songs and objectives for clinical practice. Music Therapy Perspectives, 27(1),

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soldiers with war-related emotional and physical trauma. Using music to treat the mental and physical ailments of active duty military and veterans was not new. Its use was recorded during the US Civil War and

1643:(EFMP) also exists to provide music therapy services to active duty military families who have a family member with a developmental, physical, emotional, or intellectual disorder. Currently, programs at the 8700: 3293:

Belin, P.; Zilbovicius, M.; Remy, Ph.; Francois, C.; Guillaume, S.; Chain, F.; Rancurel, G.; Samson, Y. (December 1, 1996). "Recovery from nonfluent aphasia after melodic intonation therapy: A PET study".

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Jones, J. D. (2005). A comparison of songwriting and lyric analysis techniques to evoke emotional change in a single session with people who are chemically dependent, journal of Music Therapy, 42, 94–110.

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Schwantes, M., Wigram, T., McKinney, C., Lipscomb, A., & Richards, C. (2011). The Mexican corrido and its use in a music therapy bereavement group. The Australian Journal of Music Therapy, 22, 2–20.

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The rise of an understanding of the body and mind in terms of the nervous system led to the emergence of a new wave of music for healing in the eighteenth century. Earlier works on the subject, such as

1508:, and there are therapists throughout the UK. The professional body in the UK is the British Association for Music Therapy In 2002, the World Congress of Music Therapy, coordinated and promoted by the 242:

Assessment includes obtaining a full medical history, musical (ability to duplicate a melody or identify changes in rhythm, etc.) and non-musical functioning (social, physical/motor, emotional, etc.).

1790:, still tended to discuss the medical effects of music in terms of bringing the soul and body into harmony. But from the mid-eighteenth century works on the subject such as Richard Brocklesby's 1749 1109:

The Germany Music Therapy Society defines music therapy as the "targeted use of music as part of a therapeutic relationship to restore, maintain and promote mental, physical and cognitive health ."

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The Music Therapy Trust of India is another venture in the country. It was started by Margaret Lobo. She is the founder and director of the Otakar Kraus Music Trust and her work began in 2004.

935:"uses modalities and defines goals consistent with the life experiences and cultural values of clients" rather than basing therapy on the therapist's worldview or the dominant culture's norms. 998: 3826:

Li, Hui-Chi; Wang, Hsiu-Hung; Chou, Fan-Hao; Chen, Kuei-Min (January 2015). "The Effect of Music Therapy on Cognitive Functioning Among Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis".

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program. 1200 hours of clinical experience are required, some of which are gained during an approximately six-month internship that takes place after all other degree requirements are met.

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Botello, R. K., & Krout, R. E. (2008). "Music therapy assessment of automatic thoughts: Developing a cognitive behavioral application of improvisation to assess couple communication".

1263:. But I am utterly convinced that music therapy can learn an enormous amount from the African worldview and from music-making in Africa – rather than from African music-healing as such." 2942:

Bates, Elizabeth; Wilson, Stephen M.; Saygin, Ayse Pinar; Dick, Frederic; Sereno, Martin I.; Knight, Robert T.; Dronkers, Nina F. (April 21, 2003). "Voxel-based lesion–symptom mapping".

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Music therapy is distinctive from Musopathy, which relies on a more generic and non-cultural approach based on neural, physical, and other responses to the fundamental aspects of sound.

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Silverman, M. J., & Marcionetti, M. J. (2004). Immediate effects of a single music therapy intervention on persons who are severely mentally ill. Arts in Psychotherapy, 31, 291–301.

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After successful completion of educational requirements, including internship, music therapists can apply to take, take, and pass the Board Certification Examination in Music Therapy.

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has 18 staff, including 2 professors and 4 associate professors, as well as lecturers and PhD students. Two of the field's major international research journals are based in Bergen:

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Lindenfelser, K. J., Grocke, D., & McFerran, K. (2008). Bereaved parents' experiences of music therapy with their terminally ill child. Journal of Music Therapy, 45(3), 330–48.

195:. Studies on patients diagnosed with mental health disorders such as anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia have associated some improvements in mental health after music therapy. 6549:

Whitehead-Pleaux, A. M., Baryza, M.J., & Sheridan, R.L. (2007). Exploring the effects of music therapy on pediatric pain: phase 1. The Journal of Music Therapy, 44(3), 217–41.

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have claimed that music therapy is an effective method in helping individuals experiencing mental health issues, and more should be done to offer those in need this type of help.

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Gfeller, Kate E.; Thaut, Michael H. (2008). "Music therapy in the treatment of behavioral-emotional disorders". In Davis, William B.; Gfeller, Kate E.; Thaut, Michael H. (eds.).

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Hilliard, R. E. (2001). The effects of music therapy-based bereavement groups on mood and behavior of grieving children: A pilot study. Journal of Music Therapy, 38(4), 291–306.

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Keough, Laurie (October 1, 2017). "Assessment-Based Small-Group Music Therapy Programming for Individuals with Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: A Multi-Year Clinical Project".

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Eventually, case reports in reference to this study relayed not only the importance but also the impact of music therapy services in the recovery of military service personnel.

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feelings of happiness or peace which could bring back positive emotions. Either way, music can be used as a tool to bring emotions forward and help the person cope with them.

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Further research is needed before the use of improvisation is conclusively proven to be effective in this application, but there were positive signs in this study of its use.

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Geipel J, Koenig J, Hillecke TK, Resch F, Kaess M (January 2018). "Music-based interventions to reduce internalizing symptoms in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis".

1546:. Although these endorsements helped music therapy develop, there was still a recognized need to assess the true viability and value of music as a medically based therapy. 1451:(NAMT), a professional association, was formed in 1950. In 1956 the first music therapy credential in the US, Registered Music Therapist (RMT), was instituted by the NAMT. 1852:

in 1941, author of the first music therapy textbook published in the United States. Several physicians also promoted music as a therapeutic agent during this time period.

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Hilliard, R. E. (2007). The effects of orff-based music therapy and social work groups on childhood grief symptoms and behaviors. Journal of Music Therapy, 44(2), 123–38.

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Through the ages music has been an integral component of rituals, ceremonies, healing practices, and spiritual and cultural traditions. Further, Michael Bakan, author of

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Aalbers, Sonja; Fusar-Poli, Laura; Freeman, Ruth E.; Spreen, Marinus; Ket, Johannes Cf; Vink, Annemiek C.; Maratos, Anna; Crawford, Mike; Chen, Xi-Jing (November 2017).

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refers to a technique used in natural and alternative medicine that involves using mental imagery to help with the physiological and psychological ailments of patients.

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Models developed specifically for music therapy include analytical music therapy, Benenzon, the Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music (GIM), community music therapy,

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caused by damage to the left hemisphere of the brain by engaging the singing abilities and possibly engaging language-capable regions in the undamaged right hemisphere.

217:

evidence that music therapy added to the standard treatment may reduce internalizing symptoms and may be more effective than treatment as usual (without music therapy).

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service users (with mood disorders, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders), their study showed the relevance of the six-dimensional framework.

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Amir, Dorit (2004). "Giving Trauma a Voice: The Role of Improvisational Music Therapy in Exposing, Dealing with and Healing a Traumatic Experience of Sexual Abuse".

5687: 3399:"Significant treatment effect of adjunct music therapy to standard treatment on the positive, negative, and mood symptoms of schizophrenic patients: a meta-analysis" 1409:, pianist, WWI music therapy provider for Canadian soldiers, a strong believer in training for music therapists, and 1919 Columbia University musicotherapy teacher; 798:

To be trained in this method, students are required to be healthcare professionals. Some courses are only open to music therapists and mental health professionals.

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may have positive effects on psychological and physical outcomes in adults with cancer. The effectiveness of music therapy for children with cancer is not known.

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in 1941, author of the first music therapy textbook published in the US. Several physicians also promoted music as a therapeutic agent during this time period.

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The credentials listed below were previously conferred by the former national organizations AAMT and NAMT; these credentials have not been available since 1998.

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Haslbeck, Friederike B; Mueller, Katharina; Karen, Tanja; Loewy, Joanne; Meerpohl, Joerg J; Bassler, Dirk (September 7, 2023). Cochrane Neonatal Group (ed.).

1086:, famous medical experts in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, also specially discussed phonology and medicine in the "classics with wings" and "Yuefu Chuansheng". 281:

is the practice of communicating with others by singing to enhance speech or increase speech production by promoting socialization, and emotional expression.

107:. The brother is attempting to comfort his sibling by playing the violin, and she has fallen into a deep sleep, "oblivious of all grief, mental and physical". 2763:

Thompson, Grace (November 23, 2017). "Long-Term Perspectives of Family Quality of Life Following Music Therapy with Young Children on the Autism Spectrum".

1181:. The former was mostly developed by professor Even Ruud, while professor Brynjulf Stige is largely responsible for cultivating the latter. The center in 9067: 1346:

a social service, educational, or health care agency are often reimbursable by insurance or other sources of funding for individuals with certain needs.

1153: 6152:

Haque, Amber (2004). "Psychology from Islamic Perspective: Contributions of Early Muslim Scholars and Challenges to Contemporary Muslim Psychologists".

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on the theme of Dialogue and Debate. In November 2006, Dr. Michael J. Crawford and his colleagues again found that music therapy helped the outcomes of

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RMT (Registered Music Therapist). There are other countries that use RMT as a credential, such as Australia, that is different from the U.S. credential.

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therapy in China; In 1986, Professor Gao Tian of Beijing Conservatory of music published his paper "Research on the relieving effect of music on pain";

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Penelope Gouk, 2004, « Raising Spirits and Restoring Souls. Early Modern Medical Explanations for Music's Effects », in Veit Erlmann (dir.),

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Music therapy may provide a means of improving mental health among people with schizophrenia, but its effects in acute psychoses have not been explored

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Davis, William B.; Gfeller, Kate E. (2008). "Music therapy: Historical perspective". In Davis, William B.; Gfeller, Kate E.; Thaut, Michael H. (eds.).

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Norway is recognized as an important country for music therapy research. Its two major research centers are the Center for Music and Health with the

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Rosner, R, Kruse, J., & Hagl, M. (2010). A meta‐analysis of interventions for bereaved children and adolescents. Death Studies, 34(2), 99 – 136.

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the only reference at Lebanon, the president Dr Hamda farhat, members administer Dr Antoine chartouni, Dr Elia Francis Safi TRAINING and Formation

1025:

In 1956, Fran Herman, one of Canada's music therapy pioneers, began a 'remedial music' program at the Home For Incurable Children, now known as the

262:

Music may both motivate and provide a sense of distraction. Rhythmic stimuli has been found to help balance training for those with a brain injury.

183:

Music therapy aims to provide physical and mental benefit. Music therapists use their techniques to help their patients in many areas, ranging from

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Melodic intonation therapy (MIT), developed in 1973 by neurological researchers Sparks, Helm, and Albert, is a method used by music therapists and

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plateau, from the freshwater period (that had begun 1500 years ago) shows a didgeridoo player and two songmen participating in an Ubarr ceremony.

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Dyukova, G. M.; Glozman, Zh. M.; Titova, E. Yu.; Kriushev, E. S.; Gamaleya, A. A. (June 8, 2010). "Speech Disorders in Right-Hemisphere Stroke".

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Van Der Meulen, Ineke; Van De Sandt-Koenderman, Mieke W. M. E.; Heijenbrok, Majanka H.; Visch-Brink, Evy; Ribbers, Gerard M. (November 1, 2016).

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For example, Liu Xueyu, one of the emperors of the Tang Dynasty, cured some stubborn diseases through the records of music in the Tang Dynasty.

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American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, D.C.: Author.

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The South African Music Therapy Association can provide information to the public about music therapy or educational programs in South Africa.

1026: 10635: 9816: 9437: 5726: 2563:

Bednarz LF, Nikkel B (1992). "The role of music therapy in the treatment of young adults diagnosed with mental illness and substance abuse".

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Gfeller, Kate E. (2008). "Music: A human phenomenon and therapeutic tool". In Davis, William B.; Gfeller, Kate E.; Thaut, Michael H. (eds.).

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Singing is a form of rehabilitation for neurological impairments. Neurological impairments following a brain injury can be in the form of

9886: 5956: 1195:. Norway's main contribution to the field is mostly in the area of "community music therapy", which tends to be as much oriented toward 165:

Some common music therapy practices include developmental work (communication, motor skills, etc.) with individuals with special needs,

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Sue, Derald Wing; Torino, Gina C. (2005). "Racial-cultural competence: Awareness, knowledge, and skills". In Carter, Robert T. (ed.).

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was said to cure diseases of the mind by using song and music. By 5000 BC, music was used for healing by Egyptian priest-physicians.

1574:(TBI). These two signature injuries are increasingly common among millennial military service members and in music therapy programs. 5047: 323: 6510:

K.D. Goodman (Ed.) (2023) Developing issues in world music therapy education and training: A plurality of views. Charles C Thomas.

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live or recorded music. Either or both can lead to verbal discussions, depending on client needs and the therapist's orientation.

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Wigram, Tony (2000). "A Method of Music Therapy Assessment for the Diagnosis of Autism and Communication Disorders in Children".

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Uedo, Noriya; Ishikawa, Hideki (2004). "Reduction in salivary cortisol level by music therapy during colonoscopic examination".

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Gertrude Orff developed Orff Music Therapy at the Kinderzentrum München. Both the clinical setting of social pediatrics and the

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Valentino, R. E. (2006). Attitudes towards cross-cultural empathy in music therapy. Music Therapy Perspectives, 24(2), 108–114.

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In the United States, the first music therapy bachelor's degree program was established in 1944 at Michigan State College (now

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Lady Boynton's "New Age" Dossiers: a Serendipitous Digest of News and Articles on Trends in Modern Day Mysticism and Decadence

9761: 8675: 6948: 6787: 6075: 5199: 5017: 4991: 4979: 4948: 4912:"Grand Unification for World Peace; Music THerapy for Integrating Healthcare PDF | Alternative Medicine | Medicine" 4895: 4820: 4761: 4201: 4176: 4151: 4126: 4101: 4076: 4028: 3803: 3795:

Receptive Methods in Music Therapy: Techniques and Clinical Applications for Music Therapy Clinicians, Educators and Students

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Two other music therapy programs were initiated during the 1950s; one by Norma Sharpe at St. Thomas Psychiatric Hospital in

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Online World Congress of Music Therapy – The Polyrhythms of Music Therapy | Development of Music Therapy in South Africa

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Swedberg Yinger, Olivia; Gooding, Lori (July 2014). "Music Therapy and Music Medicine for Children and Adolescents".

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Whitehead-Pleaux, Annette (2017). "Discrimination and oppression". In Whitehead-Pleaux, Annette; Tan, Xeuli (eds.).

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Wheeler, E.J.; I. K. Funk; W.S. Woods; A.S. Draper; and W.J. Funk. "Columbia University to Heal Wounded by Music".

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The use of music to soothe grief has been used since the time of David and King Saul. In I Samuel, David plays the

1644: 912:, states that "Music is a mode of cultural production and can reveal much about how the culture works," something 6795: 10650: 9836: 9706: 9546: 9539: 8453: 8397: 7139: 6954: 5807:"Technical Bulletin 187: Music in Reconditioning in American Service Forces Convalescent and General Hospitals". 5660: 1547: 1534: 1252:

There are longstanding traditions of music healing, which in some ways may be very different than music therapy.

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Aung SK, Lee MH (2004). "Music, Sounds, Medicine, and Meditation: An Integrative Approach to the Healing Arts".

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In 2006, Hamda Farhat introduced music therapy to Lebanon, developing and inventing therapeutic methods such as

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Music therapy might also be described as Sound Healing. Extensive studies have been made with this description

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Marcello Sorce Keller, "Some Ethnomusicological Considerations about Magic and the Therapeutic Uses of Music",

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and listening in reminiscence, orientation work with the elderly, processing and relaxation work, and rhythmic

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by Dr. John Crellin, MUNMED, newsletter of the Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1996.

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edited and published music therapy; In 2007, Gao Tian edited and published the basic theory of music therapy.

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Some children after participating in music therapy may want to keep making music long after the sessions end.

10660: 10141: 9458: 8741: 8519: 8074: 7943: 7666: 7576: 7119: 2141: 1905: 1047:, and the other by Thérèse Pageau at the Hôpital St-Jean-de-Dieu (now Hôpital Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine) in 1033: 841: 819: 507: 466: 4784: 2985:

Kolk, Herman; Heeschen, Claus (May 1990). "Adaptation symptoms and impairment symptoms in Broca's aphasia".

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K.D.Goodman,Ed. (2015) International perspectives in music therapy education and training. Charles C Thomas

6358:"Exploring Music Therapists' Experiences With and Perceptions About Copyrighted Music: A Thematic Analysis" 5890: 5225: 4117:

Hurt-Thaut, Corene P.; Johnson, Sarah B. (2017). "Neurologic Music Therapy". In Wheeler, Barbara L. (ed.).

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gives a lengthy account of how music and songs can be used to draw celestial benefits for staying healthy.

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Whipple J (July 2004). "Music in intervention for children and adolescents with autism: a meta-analysis".

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Whitehead-Pleaux, Annette; Tan, Xeuli (2017). "Preface". In Whitehead-Pleaux, Annette; Tan, Xueli (eds.).

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Keen MSocSc, Alexander W. (March 2005). "Using music as a therapy tool to motivate troubled adolescents".

1401:, musician, author, 1903 founder of the short-lived National Therapeutic Society of New York and the 1913 577: 366: 10711: 10640: 10531: 9811: 9490: 9406: 8252: 7753: 7648: 7617: 7590: 7569: 7555: 7109: 7094: 6973: 6915:

Jung, Music, and Music Therapy: Prepared on the Occasion of the "C.G. Jung and the Humanities" Colloquium

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Boso M, Politi P, Barale F, Enzo E (2006). "Neurophysiology and neurobiology of the musical experience".

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Hahna, Nicole D. (2017). "Reflecting on personal bias". In Whitehead-Pleaux, Annette; Tan, Xueli (eds.).

765: 10615: 10536: 9916: 9861: 9052: 8767: 8545: 8540: 8535: 8024: 7696: 7363: 7333: 7041: 6009: 1930: 1920: 1648: 1559: 1261:

am not altogether convinced that African music healing and music therapy are especially closely related

1166: 837: 278: 6503:

Goodman,K.D.(2011) Music therapy education and training: From theory to practice . Charles C . Thomas

5635: 4924:

Music Therapy in Healthcare. The popular Publications Chennai Apollo 2007. Dr Mythili Thirumalach7ary

4727: 3689: 2259: 10716: 10276: 9558: 8924: 8879: 8716: 8079: 8062: 7849: 7089: 7061: 6989: 5132: 2215: 1856: 1760: 1497: 1428: 1269:

South Africa was selected to host the 16th World Congress of Music Therapy in July 2020, a triennial

170: 42: 6796:"A preliminary study of the effects of music therapy on agitation in Chinese patients with dementia" 6027:

Misic, P.; Arandjelovic, D.; Stanojkovic, S.; Vladejic, S.; Mladenovic, J. (2010). "Music Therapy".

4786: 4716: 3690:"Development of the Grief Process Scale through music therapy songwriting with bereaved adolescents" 2449: 10790: 10396: 10291: 10241: 10211: 9512: 9304: 8854: 8652: 7948: 7763: 7686: 7378: 7292: 7259: 7104: 6678:, New York: Berg Publishers, 2004. Cf. especially Chapter 5, "Raising Spirits and Restoring Souls". 6464:"When Therapy Goes Public: Copyright Gatekeepers and Sharing Therapeutic Artifacts on Social Media" 5277: 1960: 1910: 932: 656:

Development of the Grief Process Scale through music therapy songwriting with bereaved adolescents,

155: 125: 5730: 4620: 3143:"Melodic Intonation Therapy in Chronic Aphasia: Evidence from a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial" 2597:

Stanley P, Ramsey D (November 15, 2012). "Music therapy in physical medicine and rehabilitation".

2419: 1864:

For history from the early 20th century to the present, see continents or individual countries in

1651:

partner with EFMP services to provide music therapy services to eligible military family members.

1118:

Indian musician Chitravina Ravikiran based on fundamental criteria derived from acoustic physics.

10605: 10571: 9505: 8731: 8057: 7839: 7778: 7234: 7046: 6727: 1945: 1755: 1563: 1440: 1221: 555: 470: 344: 91: 1273:

event. Due to the coronavirus pandemic (SARS-CoV-2) the congress was moved to an online event.

1244:

is full of interesting cultural practices in which contribute a lot to the music therapy world.

1126:(ISSN 2249-8664) to popularize and promote music therapy research on an international platform. 10824: 10096: 9951: 9529: 9247: 9072: 8884: 8642: 8637: 8387: 7988: 7867: 7857: 7834: 7610: 7583: 7526: 7282: 6405:"Copyright as a Barrier to Music Therapy Telehealth Interventions: Qualitative Interview Study" 3918:. Morimoto, K., Ishihara, R., Narahara, R., Akedo, I., Ioka, T., Kaji, I., Fukuda, S.: 463–465. 1880: 1716: 1571: 1063: 303: 192: 6479: 6463: 6448: 6389: 6357: 6342: 6326: 6215:"Humanities are the Hormones: A Tarantella Comes to Newfoundland. What should we do about it?" 1715:

taught that music affects the soul and described music as a force that purified the emotions.

302:

Listening to music may improve heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure in those with

10556: 10506: 10406: 10376: 10356: 9731: 9485: 9463: 9203: 9077: 8760: 8089: 7938: 7892: 7745: 7661: 7388: 7036: 5074:"GAMUT – Griegakademiets senter for musikkterapiforsking – Uni Research Helse – Uni Research" 4221:(3rd ed.). Silver Spring, MD: The American Music Therapy Association. pp. 209–246. 3339:"Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer" 3049: 1965: 1468:

whose influence on the current generation of British music therapy lecturers remains strong.

1074:

The relationship between music therapy and health has long been documented in ancient China.

919: 893: 773: 4242: 2683:"Musical and vocal interventions to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants" 1058:

Canada's first music therapy training program was founded in 1976, at Capilano College (now

10446: 10416: 10411: 10336: 10236: 10216: 10016: 9856: 9656: 9601: 9495: 9473: 9299: 9252: 8721: 8514: 8367: 8202: 8127: 7993: 7928: 7194: 7031: 6782:

Ruud, Even (2010). Music Therapy: A Perspective from the Humanities. Barcelona Publishers.

5754:"Music therapy for in-patients with schizophrenia: exploratory randomised controlled trial" 5573:(3rd ed.). Silver Spring, MD: The American Music Therapy Association. pp. 17–39. 4885: 3567: 1915: 1836: 1778: 1636:

recovery (in the case of injury), and among families of fallen military service personnel.

1432: 1390: 1178: 976: 761:

music therapy (creative music therapy), neurologic music therapy, and vocal psychotherapy.

602: 391: 184: 5492: 5409:"Virginia SB633 Music therapy; definition of music therapist, licensure [2019/20]" 4666: 4659: 4440: 4297: 3741:

An Introduction to Music Therapy Theory and Practice: The Music Therapy Treatment Process.

3337:

Bradt, Joke; Dileo, Cheryl; Myers-Coffman, Katherine; Biondo, Jacelyn (October 12, 2021).

3140: 1711:

said that music affected the emotions and could influence the character of an individual.

8: 10676: 10546: 10466: 10371: 10351: 10186: 10176: 10146: 10111: 10106: 10061: 10036: 9911: 9841: 9791: 9756: 9666: 9651: 9568: 9177: 9110: 8909: 8622: 8099: 8010: 7887: 7758: 7481: 7373: 7368: 7313: 7272: 7159: 7154: 5382: 4938: 3556:"Effects of music therapy on depression: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials" 2079:(3 ed.). Silver Spring, MD: The American Music Therapy Association. pp. 41–75. 1799: 1059: 1044: 927: 777: 5051: 3615:"Exploring the processes of change facilitated by musical activities on mental wellness" 3571: 2707: 2682: 1733:(872–950), known as Alpharabius in Europe, dealt with music for healing in his treatise 1609:

Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the

1419:, music therapist to WWI veterans, author, researcher, lecturer/teacher, founder of the 1289:

MT-BC (Music Therapist-Board Certified, also written as Board Certified Music Therapist)

10738: 10706: 10561: 10426: 10381: 10266: 10221: 10151: 10101: 9986: 9941: 9641: 9631: 9573: 9563: 9282: 9034: 8904: 8617: 8612: 8581: 8227: 8042: 7933: 7862: 7461: 7431: 7134: 7114: 6867: 6723: 6431: 6404: 6302: 6277: 6169: 6064: 6044: 5437: 4826: 4167:

Hanser, Susan (2017). "Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches". In Wheeler, Barbara L. (ed.).

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of 1650 and even early eighteenth-century books such as Michael Ernst Ettmüller's 1714

1773: 1743: 1675: 1670: 1610: 980: 8464: 8172: 6040: 2187: 10696: 10691: 10586: 10476: 10471: 10436: 10391: 10386: 10301: 10281: 10256: 10171: 10126: 10121: 10046: 9966: 9881: 9876: 9831: 9826: 9781: 9746: 9741: 9726: 9711: 9671: 9522: 9369: 9357: 9262: 9237: 9218: 9019: 9014: 8799: 8657: 8632: 8627: 8372: 8342: 8302: 8182: 7970: 7897: 7814: 7718: 7348: 7224: 7204: 7174: 7074: 6932: 6918: 6904: 6859: 6828: 6783: 6744: 6701: 6663: 6648: 6637: 6586: 6567: 6475: 6444: 6436: 6385: 6377: 6338: 6307: 6278:"From Sensibility to Pathology: The Origins of the Idea of Nervous Music around 1800" 6071: 5795: 5775: 5574: 5468: 4975: 4944: 4891: 4816: 4767: 4757: 4670: 4584: 4559: 4534: 4509: 4484: 4343: 4222: 4197: 4172: 4147: 4122: 4097: 4072: 4024: 3992: 3892: 3843: 3799: 3709: 3668: 3646: 3634: 3595: 3533: 3484: 3430: 3376: 3358: 3311: 3275: 3209: 3174: 3123: 3109: 3094:"Melodic intonation therapy: shared insights on how it is done and why it might help" 3055: 3027: 3017: 2959: 2894: 2837: 2780: 2712: 2654: 2629: 2610: 2545: 2510: 2492: 2423: 2355: 2319: 2147: 2120: 2100:

Bruscia, Kenneth E. (1987). "IAP scales and criteria". In Bruscia, Kenneth E. (ed.).

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Gibson, David (2018). The Complete Guide to Sound Healing (2nd ed.), Sound of Light.

6173: 6048: 5932:"Music Therapy and Military Populations | American Music Therapy Association (AMTA)" 4705: 4374: 3323: 3221: 2849: 2367: 1808:(The Connection of Music to Medicine), stressed the power of music over the nerves. 1240:

made of elephant tusk which is blown into dying patients' ears to resuscitate them.

10728: 10610: 10566: 10551: 10541: 10521: 10496: 10401: 10361: 10316: 10231: 10196: 10191: 10181: 10161: 10086: 10081: 10076: 10021: 9976: 9971: 9936: 9921: 9896: 9871: 9866: 9846: 9821: 9796: 9786: 9736: 9701: 9681: 9676: 9661: 9646: 9636: 9616: 9611: 9606: 9401: 9272: 9198: 9157: 9099: 8994: 8964: 8791: 8509: 8377: 8347: 8217: 8019: 7998: 7978: 7804: 7548: 7491: 7476: 7426: 7411: 7084: 7079: 7012: 6888: 6851: 6426: 6416: 6369: 6297: 6289: 6243: 6201: 6161: 6134: 6107: 6036: 5870: 5830: 5765: 5178: 4862: 4689: 4452: 4309: 4142:

Isenberg, Connie (2017). "Psychodynamic Approaches". In Wheeler, Barbara L. (ed.).

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Sarrazin, Natalie (2016). "Music: Fundamentals and Educational Roots in the U.S.".

1950: 1935: 828: 781: 5025: 4995: 3630: 2732:"Rethinking the role of music in the neurodevelopment of autism spectrum disorder" 1566:

have both presented an array of injuries; however, the two signature injuries are

1040:, at Westminster Hospital in 1952 and at the London Psychiatric Hospital in 1956. 10748: 10686: 10620: 10581: 10516: 10511: 10501: 10461: 10441: 10366: 10326: 10321: 10296: 10271: 10246: 10166: 10156: 10116: 10071: 10056: 10051: 10031: 10006: 9956: 9946: 9931: 9901: 9806: 9751: 9721: 9716: 9696: 9686: 9621: 9448: 9396: 9329: 9314: 9242: 9228: 9120: 8954: 8889: 8819: 8736: 8561: 8392: 8322: 8307: 8262: 8112: 8067: 7824: 7768: 7421: 7383: 7338: 7323: 7249: 7214: 7199: 7164: 7124: 7051: 6673: 6617:. on New Age aspects of speculation in psychology, philosophy, music (especially 6561: 6221: 5752:

Talwar N, Crawford MJ, Maratos A, Nur U, McDermott O, Procter S (November 2006).

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Stige, Brynjulf (2017). "Community Music Therapy". In Wheeler, Barbara L. (ed.).

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through a lifelong journey of formal and informal education and self-reflection.

913: 494: 131: 8949: 6327:"Social Utility of Music: A Case For A Copyright Exemption For Therapeutic Uses" 5904:"American Music Therapy Association | American Music Therapy Association (AMTA)" 5099: 3839: 3614: 3453:

Geretsegger M, Mössler KA, Bieleninik Ł, Chen XJ, Heldal TO, Gold C (May 2017).

1786:(Disputation on the Effect of Music on Man) or Friedrich Erhardt Niedten's 1717 10802: 10755: 10723: 10701: 10655: 10576: 10486: 10451: 10431: 10421: 10346: 10306: 10261: 10226: 10206: 10201: 10136: 10091: 10041: 10026: 10011: 9981: 9961: 9926: 9906: 9851: 9776: 9771: 9691: 9386: 9352: 9319: 9257: 9125: 8586: 8362: 8357: 8332: 8317: 8292: 8282: 8277: 8147: 8117: 8052: 7671: 7471: 7446: 7287: 7219: 7209: 7149: 7069: 6763: 6741:

The Music of Being: Music Therapy, Winnicott and the School of Object Relations

3878: 1469: 1465: 1411: 882: 876: 803: 793: 188: 6214: 6165: 5770: 5753: 5502: 5356: 4771: 4314: 3705: 3455:"Music therapy for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like disorders" 3415: 3205: 3031: 2998: 2541: 2381: 2315: 2275: 2260:"Is there a role for music therapy in the recovery approach in mental health?" 2234: 2216:"Is there a role for music therapy in the recovery approach in mental health?" 705:

group ritual to structure a theme of the group or of treatment (Krout, 2005).

10818: 10481: 10286: 10251: 10131: 10066: 9996: 9991: 9891: 9801: 9766: 9480: 9421: 9364: 9334: 9309: 9294: 9267: 9152: 9147: 8999: 8989: 8939: 8919: 8869: 8831: 8814: 8804: 8607: 8591: 8382: 8267: 8247: 8232: 8222: 8187: 8157: 8003: 7912: 7799: 7633: 7531: 7511: 7501: 7486: 7441: 7436: 7393: 7297: 7277: 7169: 7026: 5727:""Proceedings from the WFMT World Conference in Oxford, UK, 23–28 July 2002"" 4665:(paperback). Oxford University Press, USA (published July 19, 2001). p. 4457: 4192:

Abrams, Brian (2017). "Humanistic Approaches". In Wheeler, Barbara L. (ed.).

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Handbook of racial-cultural psychology and counseling: Training and practice

1764:, that music and dance were critical in treating mental illness, especially 1472:, one of Juliette Alvin's students, created "analytical music therapy". The 10776: 9517: 9391: 9277: 9188: 9172: 9137: 9047: 8974: 8859: 8602: 8596: 8407: 8352: 8327: 8287: 8272: 8237: 8197: 8167: 8162: 8152: 8084: 7819: 7562: 7516: 7496: 7466: 7318: 7244: 7229: 6863: 6590: 6440: 6381: 6311: 6293: 6138: 6111: 5834: 5779: 5621:

A Historical Review of Music Therapy and the Department of Veterans Affairs

5330: 3896: 3847: 3599: 3537: 3488: 3434: 3380: 3279: 3213: 3178: 3127: 2963: 2898: 2841: 2808:"Music for stress and anxiety reduction in coronary heart disease patients" 2784: 2716: 2549: 2514: 2488: 2359: 2323: 1900: 1539: 1477: 1217: 1129:

Suvarna Nalapat has studied music therapy in the Indian context. Her books

824: 458: 6936: 6922: 6908: 6892: 6855: 6736:. Montréal, Bibliothèque du personnel, Hôpital Rivière-des-Prairies, 1978. 6373: 5874: 5462: 5460: 5458: 5166: 4408: 3315: 3307: 2653:. Silver Spring, MD: American Music Therapy Association, Inc. p. 18. 2576: 2351: 920:

Cultural considerations in music therapy services, education, and research

9379: 9193: 9142: 9115: 9042: 8809: 8571: 8566: 8337: 8312: 8242: 8207: 8122: 8047: 7794: 7773: 7521: 7451: 5183: 2928: 2776: 1885: 1840: 1765: 1721: 1704: 1394: 1196: 985: 166: 6715: 5435: 5308: 4830: 3504:"Music Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress in Adults: A Theoretical Review" 2651:

Music Therapy for Children, Adolescents and Adults with Mental Disorders

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Music Therapy for Children, Adolescents and Adults with Mental Disorders

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Mental Health Practitioners: Creative Arts Therapy License Requirements

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Gaston, E. Thayer (1968). "Man and music". In Gaston, E. Thayer (ed.).

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about on music therapy methods with military populations is incomplete.

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and research and endorsements from both the United States Army and the

1485: 925:

education; or socioeconomic status. Music therapists strive to achieve

885:(schoolwork) approach in music education (developed by German composer 270: 5251: 4751: 4556:

Cultural intersections in music therapy: Music, health, and the person

4531:

Cultural intersections in music therapy: Music, health, and the person

4506:

Cultural intersections in music therapy: Music, health, and the person

3954:"Swedish music therapy method for aged strikes chord in nursing homes" 3549: 3547: 2284: 2243: 1992: 493:

There is tentative evidence that music interventions led by a trained

141: 10681: 9009: 8841: 8576: 8257: 8192: 8177: 7907: 5525: 5117: 4375:"History – Nordoff-Robbins Center for Music Therapy – NYU Steinhardt" 4362: 2389:

American Music Therapy Association, Michigan State University Chapter

1748: 1730: 1712: 1501: 1493: 1237: 1101:

worldwide attention. The prospect of Chinese music therapy is broad.

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Wheeler, Barbara L. (2017). "Part II: Orientations and approaches".

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Citations, text formatting, and some headings need to be cleaned up.

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Effectiveness and Efficiency: Random Reflections on Health Services

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Music in West Africa : Experiencing Music, Expressing Culture

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Music Therapy Research: Quantitative And Qualitative Perspectives

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Davis, William B., Kate E. Gfeller, and Michael H. Thaut (2008).

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New York State Education Department, Office of the Professions.

5354: 4706:

Voices: Fran Herman, Music Therapist in Canada for over 50 years

3452: 3244:"Melodic Intonation Therapy: Back to Basics for Future Research" 1986: 1984: 1737:, in which he discussed the therapeutic effects of music on the 1595: 1220:, and faith healers according to Professor Charles O. Aluede of 1141:(2008) are accepted textbooks on music therapy and Indian arts. 991: 9208: 8944: 8899: 8864: 8849: 7267: 5597:

Degmecic D, Požgain I, Filakovic P (2005). "Music as Therapy".

4925: 1700: 1513: 1505: 1232:. Songs allude to the idea the finally resting place is Hades ( 1182: 787: 6716:"Some principles, practices and techniques in musical therapy" 5685: 5633: 5466: 5328: 5306: 5048:"Centre for Music and Health – the Norwegian Academy of Music" 2462: 1990: 1703:

is the ancient Greek god of music and of medicine and his son

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Music Therapy Education and Training: From Theory to Practice

5599:

International Review of the Aesthetics and Sociology of Music

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Tang, Qishou; Huang, Zhaohui; Zhou, Huan; Ye, Peijie (2020).

3336: 1981: 1708: 1696: 5380: 5133:"Some Reflections on the Future of Music Therapy in Nigeria" 4339:

Being in Music: Foundations of Nordoff-Robbins Music Therapy

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The Music Effect: Music Physiology and Clinical Applications

314:

Music may be a useful tool in the recovery of motor skills.

197:

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)

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Hearing Cultures. Essays on Sound, Listening, and Modernity

6066:

A reference companion to the history of abnormal psychology

2017:

Darnley-Smith, Rachel; M Patey, Helen (February 18, 2003).

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Hearing Cultures: Essays on Sound, Listening and Modernity

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Hearing Cultures. Essays on Sound, Listening and Modernity

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Rorke MA (1996). "Music and the Wounded of World War II".

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Temple University. (2018). Models of Music Psychotherapy .

3242:

Zumbansen, Anna; Peretz, Isabelle; Hébert, Sylvie (2014).

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McCaffrey, Tríona; Edwards, Jane; Fannon, Dominic (2011).

1293:

State license or registration: varies by state, see below

8686:

Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education

5436:

Certification Board for Music Therapists (June 8, 2022).

5167:"Music Therapy in South Africa: Compromise or Synthesis?" 4940:

Music Therapy in Management, Education and Administration

3991:(3 ed.). University Park, IL: Barcelona Publishers. 2680: 2527: 1816:

After 1800, some books on music and medicine drew on the

1342: 764:

Psychological orientations used in music therapy include

8752: 8429:

Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback

6949:

Sound Healing: Therapeutic Frequencies for Mind and Body

5751: 5596: 3667:(1st ed.). SAGE Publications, Limited. p. 30. 1405:

journal, and creator/teacher of a musicotherapy course;

1135:

Music Therapy in Management Education and Administration

8494: 6929:

Music for the Physically Disabled Child: a Bibliography

6764:"Remembering through Music: Music Therapy and Dementia" 4067:

Knight, Andrew; LaGasse, Blythe; Clair, Alicia (2018).

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Dalton, Thomas A.; Krout, Robert E. (January 1, 2005).

1379:

For earlier history related to Western traditions, see

1016:

For earlier history related to Western traditions, see

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6282:

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences

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Norton A, Zipse L, Marchina S, Schlaug G (July 2009).

2863:

Magee WL, Clark I, Tamplin J, Bradt J (January 2017).

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An Introduction to Music Therapy: Theory and Practice

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Music therapy: An introduction to theory and practice

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Music Therapy: An introduction to theory and practice

3828:

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

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An Introduction to Music Therapy: Theory and Practice

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Music Therapy (Creative Therapies in Practice series)

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approach to music therapy developed from the work of

975:

in Northern Australia suggest that the people of the

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has been used as a healing implement for centuries.

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Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries

6692:, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 4. 6265:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 87–105. 4533:. Dallas, Tx: Barcelona Publishers. pp. 3–10. 4503: 1533:Music therapy finds its roots in the military. The 1287:National board certification (current as of 2021): 680:adaptive ones through the use of musical stimuli". 569:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 510:however more rigorous empirical study is required. 358:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 8434:Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies 6063: 6055: 5796:"Music therapy may improve schizophrenia symptoms" 4658: 4572: 4196:. New York: The Guilford Press. pp. 148–160. 4171:. New York: The Guilford Press. pp. 161–171. 4146:. New York: The Guilford Press. pp. 133–147. 4121:. New York: The Guilford Press. pp. 220–232. 4096:. New York: The Guilford Press. pp. 233–245. 4066: 4023:. 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New York: The Macmillan Company. pp. 7–29. 1805:Die Verbindung der Musik mit der Arzneygelahrheit 1032:Composer/pianist Alfred Rosé, a professor at the 10816: 8424:Association for the Advancement of Psychotherapy 6630:"Frequently Asked Questions About Music Therapy" 5018:"The Music Therapy Trust India, New Delhi India" 4992:"The Music Therapy Trust India, New Delhi India" 4528: 4069:Music therapy: An introduction to the profession 3867:Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy 3613:Kwan, Chi Kin; Clift, Stephen (March 15, 2018). 3014:Musicophilia : tales of music and the brain 2805: 2382:"Music Therapy with High Risk Adolescents (PDF)" 1823: 1357:Board Certification Examination in Music Therapy 8439:Association for Behavior Analysis International 6613:.: Anthology of reprinted articles, pamphlets, 6020: 4936: 4883: 4298:"Music psychotherapy: guided imagery and music" 3553: 3054:. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 93. 2865:"Music interventions for acquired brain injury" 1758:wrote in the 17th century in his classic work, 1524:Military: active duty, veterans, family members 1328:The American Music Therapy Association (AMTA). 8691:Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy 8666:American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties 5661:"Music Therapy Group Outlines Unusual Program" 5224:Nordoff Robbins Music Therapy (June 5, 2018). 4062: 4060: 3982: 3980: 3978: 3976: 3974: 3922: 3861:Stanczyk, Malgorzata Monika (September 2011). 3825: 3730:. London: Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust. 2412:Music and Rehabilition:Neurological Approaches 2115:Schneck, Daniel J.; Berger, Dorita S. (2006). 1027:Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital 8768: 8480: 7618: 6997: 6402: 6355: 6061: 5406: 4058: 4056: 4054: 4052: 4050: 4048: 4046: 4044: 4042: 4040: 3662: 3087: 3085: 3083: 3081: 3079: 3077: 3075: 3073: 3071: 2914: 2912: 2910: 2908: 2596: 2592: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2562: 2114: 1036:, also pioneered the use of music therapy in 1009: 992:In modern times – an allied health profession 103:. A brother and sister resting before an old 8681:American Speech-Language-Hearing Association 6190:, Oxford / New York, Berg Publishers, p. 101 5568: 5495:"Creative Arts Therapy License Requirements" 4785:Deutsche Musiktherapeutische Gesellschaft . 4291: 4289: 4216: 3945: 3909: 3791: 2984: 2806:Bradt J, Dileo C, Potvin N (December 2013). 2409: 1803: 1211:The origins of Musical therapy practices in 788:The Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music 8701:World Federation of Occupational Therapists 6062:Howells, John G.; Osborn, M. Livia (1984). 5893:. American Music Therapy Association, 2014. 4837: 4756:(in Chinese). Bei fang wen yi chu ban she. 3971: 3687: 3663:Darnley-Smith, Rachel (February 18, 2003). 3459:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3343:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2869:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2812:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2729: 2469:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2341: 1365: 1323: 910:World Music: Traditions and Transformations 207: 8775: 8761: 8487: 8473: 7625: 7611: 7004: 6990: 6718:. University of the Pacific Dissertations. 6145: 6125:Antrim, Doron K. (2006). "Music Therapy". 6098:Antrim, Doron K. (2006). "Music Therapy". 6010:"What is the oldest known piece of music?" 5957:"Music therapy helping marines with TBI's" 5524:Certification Board for Music Therapists. 5164: 4481:World Music Traditions and Transformations 4037: 3931:"Harmonica being studied in COPD patients" 3098:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 3068: 3043: 3041: 2905: 2583: 749:Music therapist Kenneth Bruscia stated "A 90: 9412:Music technology (electronic and digital) 8671:American Occupational Therapy Association 6430: 6420: 6356:Amanda, Reid; Nicolla, Sydney K. (2022). 6301: 6236:Alternative & Complementary Therapies 5769: 5250:South African Music Therapy Association. 5182: 5118:"Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy" 4815:(Vol. 39 ed.). VWB. pp. 61–83. 4578: 4456: 4313: 4286: 3886: 3863:"Music therapy in supportive cancer care" 3756:. Gilsum, NH: Barcelona Publishers, 1998. 3612: 3589: 3579: 3527: 3478: 3424: 3414: 3370: 3269: 3259: 3168: 3158: 3117: 2888: 2831: 2799: 2747: 2706: 2504: 2420:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199586974.003.0012 2297: 2295: 2283: 2242: 2214:McCaffrey T, Edwards J, Fannon D (2011). 1307:ACMT (Advanced Certified Music Therapist) 846:Therapy in Music for Handicapped Children 712: 629:Learn how and when to remove this message 418:Learn how and when to remove this message 70:Learn how and when to remove this message 6827:. Barcelona: Barcelona Publishers (NH). 6756:International Journal of Music Education 6461: 6331:Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy 6275: 5891:"Music Therapy and Military Populations" 5886: 5884: 5618: 5469:"National Overview of State Recognition" 5442:Certification Board for Music Therapists 4810: 4141: 3860: 3743:. 3rd ed. Silver Spring, Maryland, 2008. 2762: 2304:Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics 2139: 2064:. Columbus, MO: Southern Pen Publishers. 1792:Reflections of Antient and Modern Musick 744: 269:– loss to perform purposeful movements, 8696:World Confederation of Physical Therapy 7240:Temporal dynamics of music and language 6841: 6822: 6793: 6743:. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. 6695: 6647:. (Second edition.) London: Routledge. 6566:, London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. 6233: 6007: 5713:"British Association for Music Therapy" 5614: 5612: 5592: 5590: 5256:South African Music Therapy Association 5130: 4618: 4445:Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy 4434: 4432: 4430: 4302:Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy 4018: 3986: 3047: 3038: 2687:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2599:Australian Occupational Therapy Journal 2410:LaGasse AB, Thaut MH (April 15, 2012). 2337: 2335: 2333: 2102:Improvisational models of music therapy 2099: 2074: 1192:Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy 1066:, by Nancy McMaster and Carolyn Kenny. 10817: 8444:European Association for Psychotherapy 6878: 6700:. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 6643:Bunt, Leslie; Stige, Brynjulf (2014). 6468:International Journal of Communication 6403:Reid, Amanda; Kresovich, Alex (2021). 6124: 6097: 5564: 5562: 5560: 5558: 5556: 5554: 5552: 5550: 5548: 5546: 5431: 5429: 5355:Australian Music Therapy Association. 5302: 5300: 5298: 5160: 5158: 5156: 4943:. New Delhi: Readworthy Publications. 4661:Australian Art (Oxford History of Art) 4656: 4646:Kakadu National Park – Rock art styles 4191: 4166: 3951: 3658: 3656: 3194:Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology 2918: 2676: 2674: 2672: 2670: 2292: 2146:. Milne Library: Open SUNY Textbooks. 2044: 1798:of the French Academy of Sciences, or 1784:Disputatio effectus musicae in hominem 1449:National Association for Music Therapy 1124:International Journal of Music Therapy 9591: 8950:Vietnam imperial court music—Nhã nhạc 8756: 8676:American Physical Therapy Association 8468: 7606: 6985: 6761: 6151: 5881: 5820: 4890:(in Malayalam). Kottayam: D C Books. 4603: 4553: 4483:. New York: McGraw Hill. p. 10. 4478: 4438: 4335: 4295: 4267:Appalachian State University (2020). 4091: 4014: 4012: 4010: 4008: 3448: 3446: 3444: 3396: 3392: 3390: 3011: 2648: 2623: 2062:The Music Therapy Assessment Handbook 2059: 1850:National Foundation for Music Therapy 1421:National Foundation for Music Therapy 1380: 1177:Centre for Music Therapy (GAMUT), at 1017: 662: 324:Music therapy for Alzheimer's disease 7011: 6728:"A Season of Song, Dance and Autism" 6683:The Complete Guide to Sound Healing. 6632:. Boyer College of Music and Dance, 6324: 6260: 5860: 5686:American Music Therapy Association. 5634:American Music Therapy Association. 5627: 5609: 5587: 5467:American Music Therapy Association. 5361:Australian Music Therapy Association 5329:American Music Therapy Association. 5307:American Music Therapy Association. 4887:Nadalayasindhu (Ragachikitsamritham) 4739:Canadian Encyclopedia: Music Therapy 4728:Canadian Encyclopedia: Music Therapy 4427: 4363:Nordoff Robbins Music Therapy Centre 3928: 3397:Tseng, Ping-Tao (January 26, 2016). 2330: 2040: 2038: 1991:American Music Therapy Association. 1865: 1691: 1589: 1544:Surgeon General of the United States 999:Australian Music Therapy Association 951: 892:Corresponding with the attitudes of 567:adding citations to reliable sources 538: 453:Music therapy for non-fluent aphasia 356:adding citations to reliable sources 327: 257: 245: 20: 8503:Physical rehabilitation disciplines 8496:Physical therapy and rehabilitation 7729:Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy 5543: 5426: 5295: 5276:World Federation of Music Therapy. 5200:"Commemorating Mercédès Pavlicevic" 5153: 4813:Sacred Music Therapy in North India 4749: 3653: 2667: 2202:The Complete Guide to Sound Healing 1686: 1480:and Clive Robbins in the 1950/60s. 903: 676:consistently shown to be positive. 13: 10626:Classical and art music traditions 9058:History of lute-family instruments 8875:Cambodian ceremonial music—Pinpeat 8449:Society for Psychotherapy Research 7677:Transference focused psychotherapy 6794:Tuet, R.W.K.; Lam, L.C.W. (2006). 6645:Music Therapy: An Art Beyond Words 6553: 6462:Reid, Amanda; Miño, Pablo (2021). 5381:NJ Association for Music Therapy. 5335:American Music Therapy Association 4811:Cook, Patricia; Cook, Pat (1997). 4789:[What is music therapy?]. 4717:Canadian Encyclopedia: Alfred Rosé 4392: 4135: 4005: 3952:Sekiya, Makoto (January 9, 2014). 3441: 3387: 1812:Music therapy: 17th – 19th century 966:Music for healing in ancient times 946: 854:Music Therapy in Special Education 813: 14: 10841: 7734:Rational emotive behavior therapy 7707:Functional analytic psychotherapy 7702:Acceptance and commitment therapy 7632: 7185:Music in psychological operations 6943: 5809:War Department Technical Bulletin 5758:The British Journal of Psychiatry 5636:"Music therapy historical review" 5226:"Remembering Mercédès Pavlicevic" 5131:A luede, Charles Onomudo (2010). 5100:"Nordic Journal of Music Therapy" 4619:Stuart-Reid, Annaliese and John. 4441:"Orff music therapy: an overview" 3792:Grocke, D.E.; Wigram, T. (2007). 2035: 2021:. London: Sage Publications Ltd. 1641:Exceptional Family Member Program 1510:World Federation of Music Therapy 1458: 1271:World Federation of Music Therapy 1131:Nadalayasindhu-Ragachikitsamrutam 10798: 10797: 10784: 10770: 10342:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 9817:Democratic Republic of the Congo 9417:Sound recording and reproduction 8870:Burmese classical music—Mahāgīta 7130:Generative theory of tonal music 6917:, 1987. Winnipeg: The Colloqium 6762:Owens, Melissa (December 2014). 6714:Harbert, Wilhelmina K., (1947). 6455: 6396: 6349: 6318: 6269: 6254: 6227: 6208: 6193: 6180: 6118: 6091: 6008:Andrews, Evan (August 8, 2023). 6001: 5975: 5949: 5896: 5854: 5841: 5814: 5801: 5789: 5745: 5719: 5705: 5679: 5653: 5517: 5486: 5374: 5348: 5322: 5269: 5243: 5217: 5191: 5124: 5110: 5092: 5066: 5040: 5010: 4984: 4439:Voigt, Melanie (November 2003). 3110:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04859.x 2611:10.1046/j.1440-1630.2000.00215.x 1993:"About Music Therapy & AMTA" 1839:used it a decade earlier in the 1729:psychologist and music theorist 1647:, Resounding Joy, Inc., and the 1594: 1393:used it a decade earlier in the 1276: 1187:Nordic Journal for Music Therapy 683: 543: 500: 332: 297: 25: 10646:Jazz and popular music glossary 8454:World Council for Psychotherapy 7140:Hedonic music consumption model 7037:Cognitive neuroscience of music 6800:Hong Kong Journal of Psychiatry 6490: 5331:"How to find a music therapist" 5198:University of Pretoria (2020). 4957: 4930: 4918: 4904: 4877: 4851: 4804: 4778: 4743: 4732: 4721: 4710: 4699: 4683: 4650: 4639: 4621:"Sound Healing- Ancient Sounds" 4612: 4597: 4547: 4522: 4497: 4472: 4401: 4367: 4356: 4329: 4269:"Bonny Method Level 1 Training" 4260: 4235: 4210: 4185: 4160: 4110: 4085: 3903: 3854: 3798:. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. 3785: 3772: 3759: 3746: 3733: 3720: 3681: 3619:Nordic Journal of Music Therapy 3606: 3495: 3330: 3286: 3185: 3147:Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 3134: 3012:Sacks, Oliver (June 28, 2018). 3005: 2978: 2935: 2856: 2756: 2723: 2642: 2617: 2556: 2521: 2456: 2403: 2374: 2251: 2207: 2194: 2180: 1548:Walter Reed Army Medical Center 1535:United States Department of War 1302:CMT (Certified Music Therapist) 1247: 649:Grief treatment for adolescents 554:needs additional citations for 526:Impact on general mental health 343:needs additional citations for 9887:Federated States of Micronesia 6734:La Musicothérapie: thémathèque 6563:Music Therapy in Dementia Care 6261:Gouk P (2004). Erlmann (ed.). 6154:Journal of Religion and Health 5640:About music therapy & AMTA 4608:. New York: Oxford University. 4296:Bonny, Helen L. (April 2001). 3471:10.1002/14651858.CD004025.pub4 3355:10.1002/14651858.CD006911.pub4 2881:10.1002/14651858.CD006787.pub3 2824:10.1002/14651858.CD006577.pub3 2699:10.1002/14651858.CD013472.pub2 2530:Journal of Affective Disorders 2481:10.1002/14651858.CD004517.pub3 2465:"Music therapy for depression" 2160: 2133: 2108: 2093: 2068: 2053: 2010: 1997:About Music Therapy & AMTA 1568:post-traumatic stress disorder 698:Improvisation in music therapy 693:Improvisation in music therapy 534: 508:post-traumatic stress disorder 187:before and after surgeries to 1: 8930:Philippine art songs—Kundiman 8850:Afghan classical music—Klasik 8742:Physical therapy practice act 8520:Speech and language pathology 7667:Mentalization-based treatment 7577:Psychology of Music (journal) 7120:Eye movement in music reading 6721:Hart, Hugh. (March 23, 2008) 6041:10.1016/s0924-9338(10)70830-0 5278:"World Congress South Africa" 5230:Nordoff Robbins Music Therapy 5165:Pavlicevic, Mercédès (2001). 4247:Avalon GIM Training Australia 3631:10.1080/08098131.2017.1363808 1972: 1906:Eloise (psychiatric hospital) 1825: 1367: 1281: 1034:University of Western Ontario 1001:(AMTA), was founded in 1975. 842:National Institutes of Health 820:Nordoff-Robbins music therapy 237: 10791:Record production portal 10636:Cultural and regional genres 8895:Indonesian art music—Gamelan 7724:Dialectical behavior therapy 7714:Cognitive behavioral therapy 7145:Illusory continuity of tones 6974:Resources in other libraries 6823:Wheeler, Barbara L. (2015). 5383:"Qualifications to practice" 5022:www.themusictherapytrust.com 4926:http://www.emusictherapy.com 3987:Bruscia, Kenneth E. (2014). 3581:10.1371/journal.pone.0240862 1818:Brunonian system of medicine 1658: 1645:Davis–Monthan Air Force Base 1581: 1331: 960: 865:Theoretical Model / Approach 721: 659:decrease in mean GPS score. 467:speech–language pathologists 7: 9407:Music technology (electric) 8945:Thai classical music—Piphat 8900:Japanese court music—Gagaku 7754:Emotionally focused therapy 7591:This Is Your Brain on Music 7570:Music, Thought, and Feeling 7556:Musicae Scientiae (journal) 5675:– via Newspapers.com. 5619:Jennifer, Springer (2013). 3929:Azad, Sonia (May 7, 2018). 3840:10.1016/j.jamda.2014.10.004 2391:. Michigan State University 1873: 1630: 317: 45:. The specific problem is: 10: 10846: 9053:History of the harpsichord 8940:Kandyan dance of Sri Lanka 8546:Physical therapy education 8541:Master of Physical Therapy 8536:Doctor of Physical Therapy 8025:Systematic desensitization 7954:Practitioner–scholar model 7697:Clinical behavior analysis 7364:Neuronal encoding of sound 7334:Melodic intonation therapy 7042:Culture in music cognition 6881:Music Therapy Perspectives 6730:. Section: AR; p. 20. 6605:. New Port Richey, Flor.: 6220:February 15, 2015, at the 5863:Music Therapy Perspectives 5811:(TB Med) 187 (1945): 1–11. 5688:"History of Music Therapy" 5667:. July 9, 1950. p. 27 3879:10.1016/j.rpor.2011.04.005 3780:Music Therapy Perspectives 3767:Music Therapy Perspectives 2921:Music Therapy Perspectives 2649:Crowe, Barbara J. (2007). 2624:Crowe, Barbara J. (2007). 2565:Music Therapy Perspectives 2344:Social Work in Health Care 2204:(2nd ed.), Sound of Light. 2060:Chase, Kristen M. (2002). 1931:Music as a coping strategy 1921:Melodic intonation therapy 1649:Music Institute of Chicago 1560:Operation Enduring Freedom 1528: 1206: 1167:Norwegian Academy of Music 1147: 1104: 1010:History: c. 1940 – present 874: 838:University of Pennsylvania 817: 791: 450: 442: 321: 279:melodic intonation therapy 220: 10764: 10669: 10598: 9598: 9584: 9435: 9345: 9227: 9168: 9090: 9033: 8963: 8880:Chinese traditional music 8840: 8790: 8782: 8717:Allied health professions 8709: 8653:Professional associations 8651: 8554: 8528: 8502: 8416: 8140: 8098: 8035: 7969: 7962: 7921: 7880: 7848: 7787: 7744: 7685: 7647: 7640: 7540: 7402: 7306: 7258: 7090:Consonance and dissonance 7060: 7019: 6969:Resources in your library 6685:(2nd ed.) Sound of Light. 6560:Aldridge, David ( 2000). 6202:The Anatomy of Melancholy 6166:10.1007/s10943-004-4302-z 5771:10.1192/bjp.bp.105.015073 5623:(Thesis). Molloy College. 4315:10.15845/voices.v10i3.568 4119:Handbook of Music Therapy 3706:10.1016/j.aip.2005.02.002 3694:The Arts in Psychotherapy 3416:10.1186/s12888-016-0718-8 3206:10.1007/s11055-010-9301-9 2999:10.1080/02687039008249075 2542:10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.035 2316:10.1016/j.chc.2013.03.003 2276:10.1016/j.aip.2011.04.006 2264:The Arts in Psychotherapy 2235:10.1016/j.aip.2011.04.006 2223:The Arts in Psychotherapy 1857:Michigan State University 1761:The Anatomy of Melancholy 1735:Meanings of the Intellect 1160: 1004: 730: 488: 309: 284: 138: 124: 112: 89: 84: 9762:Central African Republic 9305:Computational musicology 8855:Andalusi classical music 8036:Other individual therapy 7379:Psychoanalysis and music 7359:Neurologic music therapy 7293:Music-specific disorders 7105:Embodied music cognition 7095:Deutsch's scale illusion 6844:Journal of Music Therapy 6739:Levinge, Alison (2015). 6621:), religion, sexuality, 6362:Journal of Music Therapy 6276:Kennaway, James (2010). 5823:Journal of Music Therapy 5692:History of Music Therapy 4937:Suvarna Nalapat (2008). 4884:Suvarna Nalapat (2008). 4787:"Was ist Musiktherapie?" 4657:Sayers, Andrew (2001) . 4458:10.15845/voices.v3i3.134 4342:. Barcelona Publishers. 3726:Cochrane, A. L. (1972). 3261:10.3389/fneur.2014.00007 3160:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00533 3048:Manasco, Hunter (2013). 2765:Journal of Music Therapy 2749:10.1177/2059204318769639 2346:. 39:3–4 (3–4): 361–73. 1961:Psychoanalysis and music 1911:Embodied music cognition 1324:Professional association 1112: 1069: 928:multicultural competence 208:Children and adolescents 156:allied health profession 10830:Rehabilitation medicine 10651:Music genres and styles 8955:Western classical music 8925:Persian classical music 8732:Evidence-based practice 8555:Intervention techniques 8058:Cognitive restructuring 7779:Person-centered therapy 7235:Speech-to-song illusion 7047:Evolutionary musicology 6409:JMIR Formative Research 6248:10.1089/act.2004.10.266 5983:"Healing through music" 5309:"Education and Careers" 4479:Bakan, Michael (2012). 4336:Aigen, Kenneth (2005). 3912:Hepato-Gastroenterology 1946:Music therapy in Canada 1564:Operation Iraqi Freedom 1441:Chicago Musical College 1381:§ Western cultures 1222:Ambrose Alli University 1018:§ Western cultures 870: 471:communication disorders 226:musical improvisation. 202: 10631:Classical music genres 9707:Bosnia and Herzegovina 9248:Doctor of Musical Arts 9073:History of the trumpet 8885:Indian classical music 8710:Other related articles 8643:Therapeutic ultrasound 7989:Contingency management 7868:Transtheoretical model 7858:Eclectic psychotherapy 7835:Transactional analysis 7584:The World in Six Songs 7527:William Forde Thompson 7283:Musical hallucinations 6901:Is Rock Music Harmful? 6696:Goodman, K.D. (2011). 6681:Gibson, David (2018). 4194:Music Therapy Handbook 4169:Music Therapy Handbook 4144:Music Therapy Handbook 4094:Music Therapy Handbook 4021:Music Therapy Handbook 3989:Defining Music Therapy 3754:Defining Music Therapy 3248:Frontiers in Neurology 2200:Gibson, David (2018). 1881:Affective neuroscience 1866:§ Usage by region 1824:Music therapy: 1900 – 1804: 1717:Aulus Cornelius Celsus 1605:is missing information 1572:traumatic brain injury 1437:College of the Pacific 1429:Michigan State College 898:responsive interaction 850:Creative Music Therapy 713:Types of music therapy 304:coronary heart disease 10457:São Tomé and Príncipe 10332:Saint Kitts and Nevis 10312:Republic of the Congo 9078:History of the violin 7939:Common factors theory 7903:Residential treatment 7389:Systematic musicology 6634:Music Therapy Program 6325:Reid, Amanda (2020). 6127:The Musical Quarterly 6100:The Musical Quarterly 6035:(Supplement 1): 839. 5733:on September 27, 2006 4415:. New York University 4273:Hayes School of Music 3308:10.1212/wnl.47.6.1504 2352:10.1300/J010v39n03_09 1966:Psychoneuroimmunology 1341:therapists have held 933:Multicultural therapy 894:humanistic psychology 875:Further information: 792:Further information: 745:Models and approaches 10527:United Arab Emirates 9592: 9300:Cognitive musicology 8722:Assistive technology 8515:Occupational therapy 8368:Lorna Smith Benjamin 8203:Harry Stack Sullivan 8128:Sensitivity training 7929:Clinical formulation 7195:Music-related memory 7032:Cognitive musicology 6927:Vomberg, Elizabeth. 6758:, 8/2 (1986), 13–16. 6672:Erlmann, Veit (ed.) 6628:Bruscia, Kenneth E. 6579:Functional Neurology 6294:10.1093/jhmas/jrq004 6139:10.1093/mq/xxx.4.409 6112:10.1093/mq/xxx.4.409 5936:www.musictherapy.org 5908:www.musictherapy.org 5835:10.1093/jmt/33.3.189 5505:on September 8, 2022 5184:10.15845/voices.v1i1 5104:Taylor & Francis 5080:on December 17, 2014 4604:Stone, Ruth (2005). 3752:Bruscia, Kenneth E. 2176:. December 31, 2019. 1916:Expressive therapies 1837:Florence Nightingale 1779:Musurgia Universalis 1433:University of Kansas 1417:Harriet Ayer Seymour 1391:Florence Nightingale 1224:(Ekpoma, Edo State, 1179:University of Bergen 770:cognitive behavioral 563:improve this article 469:to help people with 352:improve this article 52:improve this article 41:to meet Knowledge's 10677:Aesthetics of music 10492:Trinidad and Tobago 9627:Antigua and Barbuda 9111:Band (rock and pop) 9035:Musical instruments 8910:Lao classical music 8658:regulatory agencies 8623:Soft tissue therapy 8100:Group psychotherapy 8011:Counterconditioning 7888:Brief psychotherapy 7759:Existential therapy 7482:Max Friedrich Meyer 7374:Philosophy of music 7369:Performance science 7314:Aesthetics of music 7288:Musician's dystonia 7273:Auditory arrhythmia 7160:Melodic expectation 6893:10.1093/mtp/18.1.13 6856:10.1093/jmt/41.2.90 6806:(3). Archived from 6609:D. Boynton. 2 vol. 6374:10.1093/jmt/thac007 6070:. Greenwood Press. 6029:European Psychiatry 6014:The History Channel 5989:. November 20, 2015 5875:10.1093/mtp/22.2.96 5407:PolicyEngage, LLC. 5054:on February 4, 2015 5028:on October 21, 2013 4998:on October 21, 2013 3572:2020PLoSO..1540862T 2944:Nature Neuroscience 2742:: 205920431876963. 2736:Music & Science 2577:10.1093/mtp/10.1.21 2414:. pp. 153–63. 2143:Music and the Child 1800:Ernst Anton Nicolai 1747:published in 1489, 1435: (1946), the 1060:Capilano University 1045:St. Thomas, Ontario 863:is a music therapy 193:Alzheimer's disease 10739:Musical instrument 10707:Music and politics 9837:Dominican Republic 9585:By sovereign state 8905:Korean court music 8865:Azerbaijani Mugham 8618:Joint mobilization 8613:Joint manipulation 8582:Eccentric training 8228:Milton H. Erickson 8063:Emotion regulation 8043:Autogenic training 7934:Clinical pluralism 7863:Multimodal therapy 7662:Analytical therapy 7541:Books and journals 7462:Carol L. Krumhansl 7180:Music and movement 7135:Glissando illusion 7115:Exercise and music 6913:Vladimir Simosko. 6899:Vladimir Simosko. 6724:The New York Times 4379:steinhardt.nyu.edu 4243:"Training in 2021" 3520:10.1037/pmu0000192 2929:10.1093/mtp/miw021 2777:10.1093/jmt/thx013 1774:Athanasius Kircher 1744:De vita libri tres 1676:treatment modality 1671:Columbian Magazine 981:Northern Territory 914:ethnomusicologists 663:Empirical evidence 10812: 10811: 10697:Music and fashion 10692:Music and emotion 10594: 10593: 9862:Equatorial Guinea 9358:A-side and B-side 9263:Music archaeology 9238:Bachelor of Music 9086: 9085: 9020:Psychedelic music 9015:Progressive music 8935:Scottish Ceòl Mór 8750: 8749: 8633:Strength training 8462: 8461: 8388:William R. Miller 8373:Marsha M. Linehan 8343:Jean Baker Miller 8303:Salvador Minuchin 8183:Ludwig Binswanger 8136: 8135: 7971:Behaviour therapy 7898:Online counseling 7876: 7875: 7815:Narrative therapy 7719:Cognitive therapy 7600: 7599: 7349:Musical acoustics 7225:Sharawadji effect 7205:Musical semantics 7175:Music and emotion 7075:Auditory illusion 6955:Library resources 6931:. Toronto: 1978. 6788:978-1-891278-54-9 6638:Temple University 6077:978-0-313-24261-8 5526:"Recertification" 5438:"State Licensure" 5357:"What is an RMT?" 4980:978-81-89973-69-8 4972:In Indian Context 4950:978-81-89973-72-8 4897:978-81-264-1962-3 4822:978-3-86135-704-9 4763:978-7-5317-4243-2 4409:"Nordoff-Robbins" 4203:978-1-4625-2972-8 4178:978-1-4625-2972-8 4153:978-1-4625-2972-8 4128:978-1-4625-2972-8 4103:978-1-4625-2972-8 4078:978-1-884914-35-5 4030:978-1-4625-2972-8 3805:978-1-84310-413-1 3016:. Pan Macmillan. 1692:Music and healing 1628: 1627: 1439:(1947), The 1407:Margaret Anderton 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1154:the triple method 952:African continent 840:gave rise to the 639: 638: 631: 613: 428: 427: 420: 402: 258:Medical disorders 251:Premature infants 246:Premature infants 149: 148: 80: 79: 72: 43:quality standards 34:This article may 16:Health profession 10837: 10801: 10800: 10789: 10788: 10787: 10777:Music portal 10775: 10774: 10773: 10729:Music technology 10717:Environmentalism 10670:Related articles 10277:Papua New Guinea 10142:Marshall Islands 9589: 9588: 9535:Central American 9273:Music psychology 9158:Backing vocalist 8995:Electronic music 8838: 8837: 8792:History of music 8777: 8770: 8763: 8754: 8753: 8510:Physical therapy 8489: 8482: 8475: 8466: 8465: 8378:Vittorio Guidano 8348:Otto F. Kernberg 8218:Donald Winnicott 8075:Free association 8020:Exposure therapy 7999:Stimulus control 7979:Aversion therapy 7967: 7966: 7830:Systemic therapy 7805:Feminist therapy 7657:Adlerian therapy 7645: 7644: 7627: 7620: 7613: 7604: 7603: 7549:Music Perception 7492:Richard Parncutt 7477:Leonard B. Meyer 7427:Jane W. Davidson 7412:Jamshed Bharucha 7190:Music preference 7085:Background music 7080:Auditory imagery 7013:Music psychology 7006: 6999: 6992: 6983: 6982: 6896: 6875: 6838: 6819: 6817: 6815: 6810:on July 11, 2011 6775: 6711: 6594: 6484: 6483: 6459: 6453: 6452: 6434: 6424: 6400: 6394: 6393: 6353: 6347: 6346: 6322: 6316: 6315: 6305: 6273: 6267: 6266: 6258: 6252: 6251: 6231: 6225: 6212: 6206: 6197: 6191: 6184: 6178: 6177: 6149: 6143: 6142: 6122: 6116: 6115: 6095: 6089: 6088: 6086: 6084: 6069: 6059: 6053: 6052: 6024: 6018: 6017: 6005: 5999: 5998: 5996: 5994: 5979: 5973: 5972: 5970: 5968: 5953: 5947: 5946: 5944: 5942: 5928: 5919: 5918: 5916: 5914: 5900: 5894: 5888: 5879: 5878: 5858: 5852: 5845: 5839: 5838: 5818: 5812: 5805: 5799: 5793: 5787: 5786: 5773: 5749: 5743: 5742: 5740: 5738: 5729:. Archived from 5723: 5717: 5716: 5709: 5703: 5702: 5700: 5698: 5683: 5677: 5676: 5674: 5672: 5657: 5651: 5650: 5648: 5646: 5631: 5625: 5624: 5616: 5607: 5606: 5594: 5585: 5584: 5566: 5541: 5540: 5538: 5536: 5521: 5515: 5514: 5512: 5510: 5501:. Archived from 5490: 5484: 5483: 5481: 5479: 5464: 5453: 5452: 5450: 5448: 5433: 5424: 5423: 5421: 5419: 5404: 5398: 5397: 5395: 5393: 5378: 5372: 5371: 5369: 5367: 5352: 5346: 5345: 5343: 5341: 5326: 5320: 5319: 5317: 5315: 5304: 5293: 5292: 5290: 5288: 5273: 5267: 5266: 5264: 5262: 5247: 5241: 5240: 5238: 5236: 5221: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5210: 5195: 5189: 5188: 5186: 5162: 5151: 5150: 5148: 5146: 5137: 5128: 5122: 5121: 5114: 5108: 5107: 5096: 5090: 5089: 5087: 5085: 5076:. Archived from 5070: 5064: 5063: 5061: 5059: 5050:. Archived from 5044: 5038: 5037: 5035: 5033: 5024:. Archived from 5014: 5008: 5007: 5005: 5003: 4994:. Archived from 4988: 4982: 4961: 4955: 4954: 4934: 4928: 4922: 4916: 4915: 4908: 4902: 4901: 4881: 4875: 4874: 4872: 4870: 4865:on March 3, 2018 4861:. Archived from 4855: 4849: 4848: 4841: 4835: 4834: 4808: 4802: 4801: 4799: 4797: 4782: 4776: 4775: 4747: 4741: 4736: 4730: 4725: 4719: 4714: 4708: 4703: 4697: 4690:George Chaloupka 4687: 4681: 4680: 4664: 4654: 4648: 4643: 4637: 4636: 4634: 4632: 4616: 4610: 4609: 4601: 4595: 4594: 4576: 4570: 4569: 4551: 4545: 4544: 4526: 4520: 4519: 4501: 4495: 4494: 4476: 4470: 4469: 4467: 4465: 4460: 4436: 4425: 4424: 4422: 4420: 4405: 4399: 4396: 4390: 4389: 4387: 4385: 4371: 4365: 4360: 4354: 4353: 4333: 4327: 4326: 4324: 4322: 4317: 4293: 4284: 4283: 4281: 4279: 4264: 4258: 4257: 4255: 4253: 4239: 4233: 4232: 4214: 4208: 4207: 4189: 4183: 4182: 4164: 4158: 4157: 4139: 4133: 4132: 4114: 4108: 4107: 4089: 4083: 4082: 4064: 4035: 4034: 4016: 4003: 4002: 3984: 3969: 3968: 3966: 3964: 3949: 3943: 3942: 3940: 3938: 3926: 3920: 3919: 3907: 3901: 3900: 3890: 3858: 3852: 3851: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3789: 3783: 3776: 3770: 3763: 3757: 3750: 3744: 3737: 3731: 3724: 3718: 3717: 3685: 3679: 3678: 3660: 3651: 3650: 3610: 3604: 3603: 3593: 3583: 3566:(11): e0240862. 3551: 3542: 3541: 3531: 3508:Psychomusicology 3499: 3493: 3492: 3482: 3450: 3439: 3438: 3428: 3418: 3394: 3385: 3384: 3374: 3349:(10): CD006911. 3334: 3328: 3327: 3302:(6): 1504–1511. 3290: 3284: 3283: 3273: 3263: 3239: 3226: 3225: 3189: 3183: 3182: 3172: 3162: 3138: 3132: 3131: 3121: 3089: 3066: 3065: 3045: 3036: 3035: 3009: 3003: 3002: 2982: 2976: 2975: 2939: 2933: 2932: 2916: 2903: 2902: 2892: 2860: 2854: 2853: 2835: 2818:(12): CD006577. 2803: 2797: 2796: 2760: 2754: 2753: 2751: 2727: 2721: 2720: 2710: 2678: 2665: 2664: 2646: 2640: 2639: 2621: 2615: 2614: 2594: 2581: 2580: 2560: 2554: 2553: 2525: 2519: 2518: 2508: 2475:(11): CD004517. 2460: 2454: 2453: 2447: 2443: 2441: 2433: 2407: 2401: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2386: 2378: 2372: 2371: 2339: 2328: 2327: 2299: 2290: 2289: 2287: 2255: 2249: 2248: 2246: 2220: 2211: 2205: 2198: 2192: 2191: 2184: 2178: 2177: 2164: 2158: 2157: 2137: 2131: 2130: 2112: 2106: 2105: 2097: 2091: 2090: 2072: 2066: 2065: 2057: 2051: 2050: 2047:Music in Therapy 2042: 2033: 2032: 2014: 2008: 2007: 2005: 2003: 1988: 1951:Music psychology 1936:Musical analysis 1845:Music and Health 1830: 1827: 1807: 1687:Western cultures 1623: 1620: 1614: 1598: 1590: 1403:Music and Health 1372: 1369: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1296: 904:Cultural aspects 829:Juilliard School 782:biomedical model 634: 627: 623: 620: 614: 612: 571: 547: 539: 423: 416: 412: 409: 403: 401: 360: 336: 328: 189:neuropathologies 142:edit on Wikidata 134: 94: 82: 81: 75: 68: 64: 61: 55: 29: 28: 21: 10845: 10844: 10840: 10839: 10838: 10836: 10835: 10834: 10815: 10814: 10813: 10808: 10785: 10783: 10771: 10769: 10760: 10687:Fictional music 10665: 10590: 10397:Solomon Islands 10242:North Macedonia 9594: 9580: 9442: 9440:regional genres 9439: 9431: 9397:Record producer 9341: 9330:Sociomusicology 9315:Ethnomusicology 9243:Master of Music 9223: 9182: 9164: 9121:All-female band 9104: 9082: 9029: 8966: 8959: 8915:Mandé art music 8890:Byzantine music 8836: 8786: 8781: 8751: 8746: 8737:Pain management 8705: 8655: 8647: 8599:(Thermotherapy) 8562:Aquatic therapy 8550: 8524: 8498: 8493: 8463: 8458: 8412: 8393:Steven C. Hayes 8323:Paul Watzlawick 8308:Paul Watzlawick 8263:Virginia Axline 8173:Sándor Ferenczi 8132: 8113:Couples therapy 8094: 8068:Affect labeling 8031: 8016:Desensitization 7958: 7944:Discontinuation 7917: 7872: 7844: 7825:Reality therapy 7783: 7769:Gestalt therapy 7740: 7688: 7681: 7636: 7631: 7601: 7596: 7536: 7422:Robert Cutietta 7398: 7384:Sociomusicology 7339:Music education 7324:Ethnomusicology 7302: 7254: 7250:Tritone paradox 7215:Octave illusion 7200:Musical gesture 7165:Melodic fission 7155:Lipps–Meyer law 7125:Franssen effect 7056: 7052:Psychoacoustics 7015: 7010: 6980: 6979: 6978: 6963: 6962: 6958: 6946: 6941: 6903:Winnipeg: 1987 6835: 6813: 6811: 6708: 6597:Boynton, Dori, 6556: 6554:Further reading 6493: 6488: 6487: 6460: 6456: 6401: 6397: 6354: 6350: 6323: 6319: 6274: 6270: 6259: 6255: 6232: 6228: 6222:Wayback Machine 6213: 6209: 6198: 6194: 6185: 6181: 6160:(4): 357–377 . 6150: 6146: 6123: 6119: 6096: 6092: 6082: 6080: 6078: 6060: 6056: 6025: 6021: 6006: 6002: 5992: 5990: 5981: 5980: 5976: 5966: 5964: 5963:. June 12, 2018 5955: 5954: 5950: 5940: 5938: 5930: 5929: 5922: 5912: 5910: 5902: 5901: 5897: 5889: 5882: 5859: 5855: 5849:Literary Digest 5846: 5842: 5819: 5815: 5806: 5802: 5794: 5790: 5750: 5746: 5736: 5734: 5725: 5724: 5720: 5711: 5710: 5706: 5696: 5694: 5684: 5680: 5670: 5668: 5659: 5658: 5654: 5644: 5642: 5632: 5628: 5617: 5610: 5595: 5588: 5581: 5567: 5544: 5534: 5532: 5522: 5518: 5508: 5506: 5491: 5487: 5477: 5475: 5465: 5456: 5446: 5444: 5434: 5427: 5417: 5415: 5405: 5401: 5391: 5389: 5379: 5375: 5365: 5363: 5353: 5349: 5339: 5337: 5327: 5323: 5313: 5311: 5305: 5296: 5286: 5284: 5274: 5270: 5260: 5258: 5248: 5244: 5234: 5232: 5222: 5218: 5208: 5206: 5196: 5192: 5163: 5154: 5144: 5142: 5135: 5129: 5125: 5116: 5115: 5111: 5098: 5097: 5093: 5083: 5081: 5072: 5071: 5067: 5057: 5055: 5046: 5045: 5041: 5031: 5029: 5016: 5015: 5011: 5001: 4999: 4990: 4989: 4985: 4962: 4958: 4951: 4935: 4931: 4923: 4919: 4910: 4909: 4905: 4898: 4882: 4878: 4868: 4866: 4857: 4856: 4852: 4843: 4842: 4838: 4823: 4809: 4805: 4795: 4793: 4783: 4779: 4764: 4748: 4744: 4737: 4733: 4726: 4722: 4715: 4711: 4704: 4700: 4694:Journey in Time 4688: 4684: 4677: 4655: 4651: 4644: 4640: 4630: 4628: 4617: 4613: 4602: 4598: 4591: 4577: 4573: 4566: 4552: 4548: 4541: 4527: 4523: 4516: 4502: 4498: 4491: 4477: 4473: 4463: 4461: 4437: 4428: 4418: 4416: 4407: 4406: 4402: 4397: 4393: 4383: 4381: 4373: 4372: 4368: 4361: 4357: 4350: 4334: 4330: 4320: 4318: 4294: 4287: 4277: 4275: 4265: 4261: 4251: 4249: 4241: 4240: 4236: 4229: 4215: 4211: 4204: 4190: 4186: 4179: 4165: 4161: 4154: 4140: 4136: 4129: 4115: 4111: 4104: 4090: 4086: 4079: 4065: 4038: 4031: 4017: 4006: 3999: 3985: 3972: 3962: 3960: 3958:The Japan Times 3950: 3946: 3936: 3934: 3927: 3923: 3908: 3904: 3859: 3855: 3824: 3820: 3810: 3808: 3806: 3790: 3786: 3777: 3773: 3769:, 26(1), 51–55. 3764: 3760: 3751: 3747: 3738: 3734: 3725: 3721: 3686: 3682: 3675: 3661: 3654: 3611: 3607: 3552: 3545: 3500: 3496: 3465:(5): CD004025. 3451: 3442: 3395: 3388: 3335: 3331: 3291: 3287: 3240: 3229: 3190: 3186: 3139: 3135: 3090: 3069: 3062: 3046: 3039: 3024: 3010: 3006: 2983: 2979: 2940: 2936: 2917: 2906: 2875:(1): CD006787. 2861: 2857: 2804: 2800: 2761: 2757: 2728: 2724: 2693:(9): CD013472. 2679: 2668: 2661: 2647: 2643: 2636: 2622: 2618: 2595: 2584: 2561: 2557: 2526: 2522: 2461: 2457: 2445: 2444: 2435: 2434: 2430: 2408: 2404: 2394: 2392: 2384: 2380: 2379: 2375: 2340: 2331: 2300: 2293: 2256: 2252: 2218: 2212: 2208: 2199: 2195: 2186: 2185: 2181: 2166: 2165: 2161: 2154: 2138: 2134: 2127: 2113: 2109: 2098: 2094: 2087: 2073: 2069: 2058: 2054: 2043: 2036: 2029: 2015: 2011: 2001: 1999: 1989: 1982: 1975: 1970: 1956:Psychoacoustics 1941:Music cognition 1926:Music and sleep 1876: 1832: 1828: 1814: 1752:Marsilio Ficino 1694: 1689: 1661: 1633: 1624: 1618: 1615: 1608: 1599: 1584: 1531: 1526: 1474:Nordoff-Robbins 1461: 1445:Alverno College 1375: 1370: 1359: 1334: 1326: 1284: 1279: 1250: 1209: 1163: 1150: 1115: 1107: 1072: 1064:North Vancouver 1038:London, Ontario 1012: 1007: 994: 968: 963: 954: 949: 947:Usage by region 922: 906: 879: 873: 861:Nordoff-Robbins 822: 816: 814:Nordoff-Robbins 796: 790: 759:Nordoff-Robbins 747: 733: 724: 715: 686: 665: 651: 635: 624: 618: 615: 578:"Music therapy" 572: 570: 560: 548: 537: 528: 503: 495:music therapist 491: 455: 445: 424: 413: 407: 404: 367:"Music therapy" 361: 359: 349: 337: 326: 320: 312: 300: 287: 260: 248: 240: 223: 210: 205: 145: 130: 108: 76: 65: 59: 56: 49: 30: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 10843: 10833: 10832: 10827: 10810: 10809: 10807: 10806: 10794: 10780: 10765: 10762: 10761: 10759: 10758: 10756:Women in music 10753: 10752: 10751: 10746: 10744:Classification 10736: 10731: 10726: 10724:Music festival 10721: 10720: 10719: 10714: 10704: 10702:Music industry 10699: 10694: 10689: 10684: 10679: 10673: 10671: 10667: 10666: 10664: 10663: 10658: 10653: 10648: 10643: 10638: 10633: 10628: 10623: 10618: 10613: 10608: 10602: 10600: 10596: 10595: 10592: 10591: 10589: 10584: 10579: 10574: 10572:Western Sahara 10569: 10564: 10559: 10554: 10549: 10544: 10539: 10534: 10532:United Kingdom 10529: 10524: 10519: 10514: 10509: 10504: 10499: 10494: 10489: 10484: 10479: 10474: 10469: 10464: 10459: 10454: 10449: 10444: 10439: 10434: 10429: 10424: 10419: 10414: 10409: 10404: 10399: 10394: 10389: 10384: 10379: 10374: 10369: 10364: 10359: 10354: 10349: 10344: 10339: 10334: 10329: 10324: 10319: 10314: 10309: 10304: 10299: 10294: 10289: 10284: 10279: 10274: 10269: 10264: 10259: 10254: 10249: 10244: 10239: 10234: 10229: 10224: 10219: 10214: 10209: 10204: 10199: 10194: 10189: 10184: 10179: 10174: 10169: 10164: 10159: 10154: 10149: 10144: 10139: 10134: 10129: 10124: 10119: 10114: 10109: 10104: 10099: 10094: 10089: 10084: 10079: 10074: 10069: 10064: 10059: 10054: 10049: 10044: 10039: 10034: 10029: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10009: 10004: 9999: 9994: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9974: 9969: 9964: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9924: 9919: 9914: 9909: 9904: 9899: 9894: 9889: 9884: 9879: 9874: 9869: 9864: 9859: 9854: 9849: 9844: 9839: 9834: 9829: 9824: 9819: 9814: 9812:Czech Republic 9809: 9804: 9799: 9794: 9789: 9784: 9779: 9774: 9769: 9764: 9759: 9754: 9749: 9744: 9739: 9734: 9729: 9724: 9719: 9714: 9709: 9704: 9699: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9679: 9674: 9669: 9664: 9659: 9654: 9649: 9644: 9639: 9634: 9629: 9624: 9619: 9614: 9609: 9604: 9599: 9596: 9595: 9586: 9582: 9581: 9579: 9578: 9577: 9576: 9571: 9566: 9556: 9555: 9554: 9547:North American 9544: 9543: 9542: 9540:South American 9537: 9530:Latin American 9527: 9526: 9525: 9520: 9510: 9509: 9508: 9503: 9498: 9496:Middle Eastern 9493: 9488: 9478: 9477: 9476: 9471: 9466: 9461: 9456: 9445: 9443: 9436: 9433: 9432: 9430: 9429: 9424: 9419: 9414: 9409: 9404: 9399: 9394: 9389: 9387:Audio engineer 9384: 9383: 9382: 9377: 9372: 9362: 9361: 9360: 9349: 9347: 9343: 9342: 9340: 9339: 9338: 9337: 9332: 9327: 9322: 9320:New musicology 9317: 9312: 9307: 9302: 9297: 9287: 9286: 9285: 9275: 9270: 9265: 9260: 9255: 9250: 9245: 9240: 9234: 9232: 9225: 9224: 9222: 9221: 9216: 9211: 9206: 9201: 9196: 9191: 9185: 9183: 9181: 9180: 9175: 9169: 9166: 9165: 9163: 9162: 9161: 9160: 9155: 9145: 9140: 9135: 9130: 9129: 9128: 9126:Rhythm section 9123: 9118: 9107: 9105: 9103: 9102: 9097: 9091: 9088: 9087: 9084: 9083: 9081: 9080: 9075: 9070: 9065: 9060: 9055: 9050: 9045: 9039: 9037: 9031: 9030: 9028: 9027: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8997: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8977: 8971: 8969: 8961: 8960: 8958: 8957: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8937: 8932: 8927: 8922: 8917: 8912: 8907: 8902: 8897: 8892: 8887: 8882: 8877: 8872: 8867: 8862: 8857: 8852: 8846: 8844: 8835: 8834: 8829: 8828: 8827: 8817: 8812: 8807: 8802: 8796: 8794: 8788: 8787: 8780: 8779: 8772: 8765: 8757: 8748: 8747: 8745: 8744: 8739: 8734: 8729: 8724: 8719: 8713: 8711: 8707: 8706: 8704: 8703: 8698: 8693: 8688: 8683: 8678: 8673: 8668: 8662: 8660: 8649: 8648: 8646: 8645: 8640: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8605: 8600: 8594: 8589: 8587:Electrotherapy 8584: 8579: 8574: 8569: 8564: 8558: 8556: 8552: 8551: 8549: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8532: 8530: 8526: 8525: 8523: 8522: 8517: 8512: 8506: 8504: 8500: 8499: 8492: 8491: 8484: 8477: 8469: 8460: 8459: 8457: 8456: 8451: 8446: 8441: 8436: 8431: 8426: 8420: 8418: 8414: 8413: 8411: 8410: 8405: 8400: 8395: 8390: 8385: 8380: 8375: 8370: 8365: 8363:Arnold Lazarus 8360: 8358:Irvin D. Yalom 8355: 8350: 8345: 8340: 8335: 8333:Eugene Gendlin 8330: 8325: 8320: 8318:Ogden Lindsley 8315: 8310: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8293:Virginia Satir 8290: 8285: 8283:James Bugental 8280: 8278:Silvano Arieti 8275: 8270: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8250: 8245: 8240: 8235: 8230: 8225: 8220: 8215: 8210: 8205: 8200: 8195: 8190: 8185: 8180: 8175: 8170: 8165: 8160: 8155: 8150: 8148:Philippe Pinel 8144: 8142: 8138: 8137: 8134: 8133: 8131: 8130: 8125: 8120: 8118:Family therapy 8115: 8110: 8104: 8102: 8096: 8095: 8093: 8092: 8087: 8082: 8077: 8072: 8071: 8070: 8060: 8055: 8053:Clean language 8050: 8045: 8039: 8037: 8033: 8032: 8030: 8029: 8028: 8027: 8013: 8008: 8007: 8006: 8001: 7996: 7986: 7981: 7975: 7973: 7964: 7960: 7959: 7957: 7956: 7951: 7946: 7941: 7936: 7931: 7925: 7923: 7919: 7918: 7916: 7915: 7913:Support groups 7910: 7905: 7900: 7895: 7890: 7884: 7882: 7878: 7877: 7874: 7873: 7871: 7870: 7865: 7860: 7854: 7852: 7846: 7845: 7843: 7842: 7837: 7832: 7827: 7822: 7817: 7812: 7807: 7802: 7797: 7791: 7789: 7785: 7784: 7782: 7781: 7776: 7771: 7766: 7761: 7756: 7750: 7748: 7742: 7741: 7739: 7738: 7737: 7736: 7731: 7726: 7721: 7711: 7710: 7709: 7704: 7693: 7691: 7687:Cognitive and 7683: 7682: 7680: 7679: 7674: 7672:Psychoanalysis 7669: 7664: 7659: 7653: 7651: 7642: 7638: 7637: 7630: 7629: 7622: 7615: 7607: 7598: 7597: 7595: 7594: 7587: 7580: 7573: 7566: 7559: 7552: 7544: 7542: 7538: 7537: 7535: 7534: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7514: 7509: 7504: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7484: 7479: 7474: 7472:Daniel Levitin 7469: 7464: 7459: 7454: 7449: 7447:Henkjan Honing 7444: 7439: 7434: 7429: 7424: 7419: 7414: 7408: 7406: 7400: 7399: 7397: 7396: 7391: 7386: 7381: 7376: 7371: 7366: 7361: 7356: 7351: 7346: 7341: 7336: 7331: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7310: 7308: 7307:Related fields 7304: 7303: 7301: 7300: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7270: 7264: 7262: 7256: 7255: 7253: 7252: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7227: 7222: 7220:Relative pitch 7217: 7212: 7210:Musical syntax 7207: 7202: 7197: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7177: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7152: 7150:Levitin effect 7147: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7127: 7122: 7117: 7112: 7107: 7102: 7097: 7092: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7070:Absolute pitch 7066: 7064: 7058: 7057: 7055: 7054: 7049: 7044: 7039: 7034: 7029: 7023: 7021: 7017: 7016: 7009: 7008: 7001: 6994: 6986: 6977: 6976: 6971: 6965: 6964: 6953: 6952: 6945: 6944:External links 6942: 6940: 6939: 6925: 6911: 6897: 6876: 6839: 6834:978-1891278266 6833: 6820: 6791: 6780: 6776: 6759: 6752: 6749:978-1849055765 6737: 6731: 6719: 6712: 6707:978-0398086091 6706: 6693: 6686: 6679: 6670: 6668:978-1884914201 6656: 6653:978-0415450683 6641: 6626: 6595: 6574: 6557: 6555: 6552: 6551: 6550: 6547: 6544: 6541: 6537: 6533: 6530: 6527: 6524: 6520: 6517: 6514: 6511: 6508: 6501: 6500: 6497: 6492: 6489: 6486: 6485: 6454: 6395: 6368:(3): 269–306. 6348: 6317: 6288:(3): 396–426. 6268: 6253: 6242:(5): 266–270. 6226: 6207: 6192: 6179: 6144: 6117: 6106:(4): 409–420. 6090: 6076: 6054: 6019: 6000: 5987:U.S. Air Force 5974: 5948: 5920: 5895: 5880: 5853: 5851:(1919): 59–62. 5840: 5829:(3): 189–207. 5813: 5800: 5788: 5744: 5718: 5704: 5678: 5665:The Miami News 5652: 5626: 5608: 5586: 5580:978-1884914201 5579: 5542: 5516: 5485: 5473:State Advocacy 5454: 5425: 5399: 5373: 5347: 5321: 5294: 5268: 5242: 5216: 5190: 5152: 5123: 5109: 5091: 5065: 5039: 5009: 4983: 4956: 4949: 4929: 4917: 4903: 4896: 4876: 4850: 4836: 4821: 4803: 4777: 4762: 4742: 4731: 4720: 4709: 4698: 4682: 4676:978-0192842145 4675: 4649: 4638: 4611: 4596: 4589: 4571: 4564: 4546: 4539: 4521: 4514: 4496: 4490:978-0073526645 4489: 4471: 4426: 4413:NYU Steinhardt 4400: 4391: 4366: 4355: 4348: 4328: 4285: 4259: 4234: 4228:978-1884914201 4227: 4209: 4202: 4184: 4177: 4159: 4152: 4134: 4127: 4109: 4102: 4084: 4077: 4036: 4029: 4004: 3997: 3970: 3944: 3921: 3902: 3853: 3818: 3804: 3784: 3771: 3758: 3745: 3732: 3719: 3700:(2): 131–143. 3680: 3673: 3652: 3625:(2): 142–157. 3605: 3543: 3514:(4): 334–342. 3494: 3440: 3403:BMC Psychiatry 3386: 3329: 3285: 3227: 3200:(6): 593–602. 3184: 3133: 3067: 3060: 3037: 3023:978-1509870141 3022: 3004: 2993:(3): 221–231. 2977: 2956:10.1038/nn1050 2950:(5): 448–450. 2934: 2904: 2855: 2798: 2755: 2722: 2666: 2660:978-1884914188 2659: 2641: 2635:978-1884914188 2634: 2616: 2582: 2555: 2520: 2455: 2446:|journal= 2428: 2402: 2373: 2329: 2291: 2270:(3): 185–189. 2250: 2206: 2193: 2179: 2159: 2152: 2132: 2126:978-1843107712 2125: 2107: 2092: 2086:978-1884914201 2085: 2067: 2052: 2034: 2028:978-0761957775 2027: 2009: 1979: 1978: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1953: 1948: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1923: 1918: 1913: 1908: 1903: 1898: 1893: 1888: 1883: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1831: 1822: 1813: 1810: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1660: 1657: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1602: 1600: 1593: 1583: 1580: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1512:, was held in 1470:Mary Priestley 1466:Juliette Alvin 1460: 1459:United Kingdom 1457: 1412:Isa Maud Ilsen 1374: 1364: 1358: 1355: 1333: 1330: 1325: 1322: 1317: 1316: 1315: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1294: 1291: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1249: 1246: 1208: 1205: 1199:as individual 1162: 1159: 1149: 1146: 1114: 1111: 1106: 1103: 1071: 1068: 1011: 1008: 1006: 1003: 993: 990: 979:region of the 967: 964: 962: 959: 953: 950: 948: 945: 921: 918: 905: 902: 883:Orff Schulwerk 877:Orff Schulwerk 872: 869: 818:Main article: 815: 812: 804:Guided imagery 794:Guided imagery 789: 786: 746: 743: 732: 729: 723: 720: 714: 711: 685: 682: 664: 661: 650: 647: 637: 636: 551: 549: 542: 536: 533: 527: 524: 502: 499: 490: 487: 451:Main article: 444: 441: 426: 425: 340: 338: 331: 322:Main article: 319: 316: 311: 308: 299: 296: 286: 283: 259: 256: 247: 244: 239: 236: 222: 219: 209: 206: 204: 201: 147: 146: 139: 136: 135: 128: 122: 121: 116: 110: 109: 97:Power of Music 95: 87: 86: 78: 77: 33: 31: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10842: 10831: 10828: 10826: 10825:Music therapy 10823: 10822: 10820: 10805: 10804: 10795: 10793: 10792: 10781: 10779: 10778: 10767: 10766: 10763: 10757: 10754: 10750: 10747: 10745: 10742: 10741: 10740: 10737: 10735: 10734:Music therapy 10732: 10730: 10727: 10725: 10722: 10718: 10715: 10713: 10710: 10709: 10708: 10705: 10703: 10700: 10698: 10695: 10693: 10690: 10688: 10685: 10683: 10680: 10678: 10675: 10674: 10672: 10668: 10662: 10659: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10632: 10629: 10627: 10624: 10622: 10619: 10617: 10614: 10612: 10609: 10607: 10604: 10603: 10601: 10597: 10588: 10585: 10583: 10580: 10578: 10575: 10573: 10570: 10568: 10565: 10563: 10560: 10558: 10555: 10553: 10550: 10548: 10545: 10543: 10540: 10538: 10537:United States 10535: 10533: 10530: 10528: 10525: 10523: 10520: 10518: 10515: 10513: 10510: 10508: 10505: 10503: 10500: 10498: 10495: 10493: 10490: 10488: 10485: 10483: 10480: 10478: 10475: 10473: 10470: 10468: 10465: 10463: 10460: 10458: 10455: 10453: 10450: 10448: 10445: 10443: 10440: 10438: 10435: 10433: 10430: 10428: 10425: 10423: 10420: 10418: 10415: 10413: 10410: 10408: 10405: 10403: 10400: 10398: 10395: 10393: 10390: 10388: 10385: 10383: 10380: 10378: 10375: 10373: 10370: 10368: 10365: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10355: 10353: 10350: 10348: 10345: 10343: 10340: 10338: 10335: 10333: 10330: 10328: 10325: 10323: 10320: 10318: 10315: 10313: 10310: 10308: 10305: 10303: 10300: 10298: 10295: 10293: 10290: 10288: 10285: 10283: 10280: 10278: 10275: 10273: 10270: 10268: 10265: 10263: 10260: 10258: 10255: 10253: 10250: 10248: 10245: 10243: 10240: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10200: 10198: 10195: 10193: 10190: 10188: 10185: 10183: 10180: 10178: 10175: 10173: 10170: 10168: 10165: 10163: 10160: 10158: 10155: 10153: 10150: 10148: 10145: 10143: 10140: 10138: 10135: 10133: 10130: 10128: 10125: 10123: 10120: 10118: 10115: 10113: 10110: 10108: 10105: 10103: 10100: 10098: 10097:Liechtenstein 10095: 10093: 10090: 10088: 10085: 10083: 10080: 10078: 10075: 10073: 10070: 10068: 10065: 10063: 10060: 10058: 10055: 10053: 10050: 10048: 10045: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9990: 9988: 9985: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9952:Guinea-Bissau 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9918: 9915: 9913: 9910: 9908: 9905: 9903: 9900: 9898: 9895: 9893: 9890: 9888: 9885: 9883: 9880: 9878: 9875: 9873: 9870: 9868: 9865: 9863: 9860: 9858: 9855: 9853: 9850: 9848: 9845: 9843: 9840: 9838: 9835: 9833: 9830: 9828: 9825: 9823: 9820: 9818: 9815: 9813: 9810: 9808: 9805: 9803: 9800: 9798: 9795: 9793: 9790: 9788: 9785: 9783: 9780: 9778: 9775: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9763: 9760: 9758: 9755: 9753: 9750: 9748: 9745: 9743: 9740: 9738: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9728: 9725: 9723: 9720: 9718: 9715: 9713: 9710: 9708: 9705: 9703: 9700: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9680: 9678: 9675: 9673: 9670: 9668: 9665: 9663: 9660: 9658: 9655: 9653: 9650: 9648: 9645: 9643: 9640: 9638: 9635: 9633: 9630: 9628: 9625: 9623: 9620: 9618: 9615: 9613: 9610: 9608: 9605: 9603: 9600: 9597: 9590: 9587: 9583: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9565: 9562: 9561: 9560: 9557: 9553: 9550: 9549: 9548: 9545: 9541: 9538: 9536: 9533: 9532: 9531: 9528: 9524: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9515: 9514: 9511: 9507: 9504: 9502: 9499: 9497: 9494: 9492: 9489: 9487: 9484: 9483: 9482: 9479: 9475: 9472: 9470: 9467: 9465: 9462: 9460: 9457: 9455: 9452: 9451: 9450: 9447: 9446: 9444: 9441: 9438:Cultural and 9434: 9428: 9425: 9423: 9420: 9418: 9415: 9413: 9410: 9408: 9405: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9393: 9390: 9388: 9385: 9381: 9378: 9376: 9373: 9371: 9368: 9367: 9366: 9365:Extended play 9363: 9359: 9356: 9355: 9354: 9351: 9350: 9348: 9344: 9336: 9335:Zoomusicology 9333: 9331: 9328: 9326: 9323: 9321: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9310:Ecomusicology 9308: 9306: 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9295:Biomusicology 9293: 9292: 9291: 9288: 9284: 9281: 9280: 9279: 9276: 9274: 9271: 9269: 9268:Music history 9266: 9264: 9261: 9259: 9256: 9254: 9251: 9249: 9246: 9244: 9241: 9239: 9236: 9235: 9233: 9230: 9226: 9220: 9217: 9215: 9212: 9210: 9207: 9205: 9204:Improvisation 9202: 9200: 9197: 9195: 9192: 9190: 9187: 9186: 9184: 9179: 9176: 9174: 9171: 9170: 9167: 9159: 9156: 9154: 9153:Lead vocalist 9151: 9150: 9149: 9148:Military band 9146: 9144: 9141: 9139: 9136: 9134: 9131: 9127: 9124: 9122: 9119: 9117: 9114: 9113: 9112: 9109: 9108: 9106: 9101: 9098: 9096: 9093: 9092: 9089: 9079: 9076: 9074: 9071: 9069: 9066: 9064: 9061: 9059: 9056: 9054: 9051: 9049: 9046: 9044: 9041: 9040: 9038: 9036: 9032: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 9000:Hip hop music 8998: 8996: 8993: 8991: 8990:Country music 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8972: 8970: 8968: 8962: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8941: 8938: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8928: 8926: 8923: 8921: 8920:Ottoman music 8918: 8916: 8913: 8911: 8908: 8906: 8903: 8901: 8898: 8896: 8893: 8891: 8888: 8886: 8883: 8881: 8878: 8876: 8873: 8871: 8868: 8866: 8863: 8861: 8858: 8856: 8853: 8851: 8848: 8847: 8845: 8843: 8839: 8833: 8830: 8826: 8823: 8822: 8821: 8818: 8816: 8813: 8811: 8808: 8806: 8803: 8801: 8798: 8797: 8795: 8793: 8789: 8785: 8778: 8773: 8771: 8766: 8764: 8759: 8758: 8755: 8743: 8740: 8738: 8735: 8733: 8730: 8728: 8725: 8723: 8720: 8718: 8715: 8714: 8712: 8708: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8677: 8674: 8672: 8669: 8667: 8664: 8663: 8661: 8659: 8654: 8650: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8608:Iontophoresis 8606: 8604: 8601: 8598: 8595: 8593: 8592:Gait training 8590: 8588: 8585: 8583: 8580: 8578: 8575: 8573: 8570: 8568: 8565: 8563: 8560: 8559: 8557: 8553: 8547: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8533: 8531: 8527: 8521: 8518: 8516: 8513: 8511: 8508: 8507: 8505: 8501: 8497: 8490: 8485: 8483: 8478: 8476: 8471: 8470: 8467: 8455: 8452: 8450: 8447: 8445: 8442: 8440: 8437: 8435: 8432: 8430: 8427: 8425: 8422: 8421: 8419: 8415: 8409: 8406: 8404: 8403:Jeffrey Young 8401: 8399: 8398:Michael White 8396: 8394: 8391: 8389: 8386: 8384: 8383:Les Greenberg 8381: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8336: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8326: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8281: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8268:Carl Whitaker 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8256: 8254: 8251: 8249: 8248:Viktor Frankl 8246: 8244: 8241: 8239: 8236: 8234: 8233:Jacques Lacan 8231: 8229: 8226: 8224: 8223:Wilhelm Reich 8221: 8219: 8216: 8214: 8211: 8209: 8206: 8204: 8201: 8199: 8196: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8188:Melanie Klein 8186: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8158:Sigmund Freud 8156: 8154: 8151: 8149: 8146: 8145: 8143: 8139: 8129: 8126: 8124: 8121: 8119: 8116: 8114: 8111: 8109: 8106: 8105: 8103: 8101: 8097: 8091: 8088: 8086: 8083: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8073: 8069: 8066: 8065: 8064: 8061: 8059: 8056: 8054: 8051: 8049: 8046: 8044: 8041: 8040: 8038: 8034: 8026: 8023: 8022: 8021: 8017: 8014: 8012: 8009: 8005: 8004:Token economy 8002: 8000: 7997: 7995: 7992: 7991: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7982: 7980: 7977: 7976: 7974: 7972: 7968: 7965: 7961: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7947: 7945: 7942: 7940: 7937: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7927: 7926: 7924: 7920: 7914: 7911: 7909: 7906: 7904: 7901: 7899: 7896: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7885: 7883: 7879: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7855: 7853: 7851: 7847: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7833: 7831: 7828: 7826: 7823: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7810:Music therapy 7808: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7800:Dance therapy 7798: 7796: 7793: 7792: 7790: 7786: 7780: 7777: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7767: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7755: 7752: 7751: 7749: 7747: 7743: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7717: 7716: 7715: 7712: 7708: 7705: 7703: 7700: 7699: 7698: 7695: 7694: 7692: 7690: 7684: 7678: 7675: 7673: 7670: 7668: 7665: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7655: 7654: 7652: 7650: 7649:Psychodynamic 7646: 7643: 7639: 7635: 7634:Psychotherapy 7628: 7623: 7621: 7616: 7614: 7609: 7608: 7605: 7593: 7592: 7588: 7586: 7585: 7581: 7579: 7578: 7574: 7572: 7571: 7567: 7565: 7564: 7560: 7558: 7557: 7553: 7551: 7550: 7546: 7545: 7543: 7539: 7533: 7532:Sandra Trehub 7530: 7528: 7525: 7523: 7520: 7518: 7515: 7513: 7512:Roger Shepard 7510: 7508: 7505: 7503: 7502:Carl Seashore 7500: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7487:James Mursell 7485: 7483: 7480: 7478: 7475: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7465: 7463: 7460: 7458: 7455: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7443: 7442:Tuomas Eerola 7440: 7438: 7437:Diana Deutsch 7435: 7433: 7432:Irène Deliège 7430: 7428: 7425: 7423: 7420: 7418: 7415: 7413: 7410: 7409: 7407: 7405: 7401: 7395: 7394:Zoomusicology 7392: 7390: 7387: 7385: 7382: 7380: 7377: 7375: 7372: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7357: 7355: 7352: 7350: 7347: 7345: 7344:Music therapy 7342: 7340: 7337: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7311: 7309: 7305: 7299: 7298:Tone deafness 7296: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7278:Beat deafness 7276: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7265: 7263: 7261: 7257: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7228: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7208: 7206: 7203: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7170:Mozart effect 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7156: 7153: 7151: 7148: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7067: 7065: 7063: 7059: 7053: 7050: 7048: 7045: 7043: 7040: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7027:Biomusicology 7025: 7024: 7022: 7018: 7014: 7007: 7002: 7000: 6995: 6993: 6988: 6987: 6984: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6966: 6961: 6960:Music therapy 6956: 6951: 6950: 6938: 6934: 6930: 6926: 6924: 6920: 6916: 6912: 6910: 6906: 6902: 6898: 6894: 6890: 6886: 6882: 6877: 6873: 6869: 6865: 6861: 6857: 6853: 6850:(2): 90–106. 6849: 6845: 6840: 6836: 6830: 6826: 6821: 6809: 6805: 6801: 6797: 6792: 6789: 6785: 6781: 6777: 6773: 6769: 6768:Age in Action 6765: 6760: 6757: 6753: 6750: 6746: 6742: 6738: 6735: 6732: 6729: 6726: 6725: 6720: 6717: 6713: 6709: 6703: 6699: 6694: 6691: 6687: 6684: 6680: 6677: 6676: 6671: 6669: 6665: 6661: 6657: 6654: 6650: 6646: 6642: 6639: 6635: 6631: 6627: 6624: 6620: 6619:music therapy 6616: 6612: 6608: 6604: 6600: 6596: 6592: 6588: 6585:(4): 187–91. 6584: 6580: 6575: 6573: 6569: 6565: 6564: 6559: 6558: 6548: 6545: 6542: 6538: 6534: 6531: 6528: 6525: 6521: 6518: 6515: 6512: 6509: 6506: 6505: 6504: 6498: 6495: 6494: 6481: 6477: 6473: 6469: 6465: 6458: 6450: 6446: 6442: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6422:10.2196/28383 6418: 6415:(8): e28383. 6414: 6410: 6406: 6399: 6391: 6387: 6383: 6379: 6375: 6371: 6367: 6363: 6359: 6352: 6344: 6340: 6336: 6332: 6328: 6321: 6313: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6295: 6291: 6287: 6283: 6279: 6272: 6264: 6257: 6249: 6245: 6241: 6237: 6230: 6223: 6219: 6216: 6211: 6204: 6203: 6196: 6189: 6183: 6175: 6171: 6167: 6163: 6159: 6155: 6148: 6140: 6136: 6132: 6128: 6121: 6113: 6109: 6105: 6101: 6094: 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4981: 4977: 4973: 4969: 4968:Music Therapy 4965: 4960: 4952: 4946: 4942: 4941: 4933: 4927: 4921: 4913: 4907: 4899: 4893: 4889: 4888: 4880: 4864: 4860: 4859:"Iamt.net.in" 4854: 4846: 4840: 4832: 4828: 4824: 4818: 4814: 4807: 4792: 4791:Musiktherapie 4788: 4781: 4773: 4769: 4765: 4759: 4755: 4754: 4746: 4740: 4735: 4729: 4724: 4718: 4713: 4707: 4702: 4695: 4691: 4686: 4678: 4672: 4668: 4663: 4662: 4653: 4647: 4642: 4626: 4622: 4615: 4607: 4600: 4592: 4590:0-471-38629-4 4586: 4582: 4575: 4567: 4565:9781937440978 4561: 4557: 4550: 4542: 4540:9781937440978 4536: 4532: 4525: 4517: 4515:9781937440978 4511: 4507: 4500: 4492: 4486: 4482: 4475: 4459: 4454: 4450: 4446: 4442: 4435: 4433: 4431: 4414: 4410: 4404: 4395: 4380: 4376: 4370: 4364: 4359: 4351: 4349:9781891278372 4345: 4341: 4340: 4332: 4316: 4311: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4292: 4290: 4274: 4270: 4263: 4248: 4244: 4238: 4230: 4224: 4220: 4213: 4205: 4199: 4195: 4188: 4180: 4174: 4170: 4163: 4155: 4149: 4145: 4138: 4130: 4124: 4120: 4113: 4105: 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Retrieved 1996: 1976: 1901:Dispokinesis 1863: 1862: 1861: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1833: 1815: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1777: 1770: 1759: 1742: 1734: 1695: 1681: 1669: 1662: 1653: 1638: 1634: 1616: 1604: 1585: 1576: 1557: 1553: 1540:World War II 1532: 1482: 1478:Paul Nordoff 1462: 1453: 1448: 1431:(1944), the 1425: 1420: 1416: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1387: 1383:sub-section. 1378: 1377: 1376: 1360: 1352: 1348: 1339: 1335: 1327: 1318: 1288: 1268: 1265: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1248:South Africa 1210: 1190: 1186: 1164: 1151: 1143: 1139:Ragachikitsa 1138: 1134: 1130: 1128: 1123: 1120: 1116: 1108: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1088: 1080: 1076: 1073: 1057: 1053: 1042: 1031: 1024: 1020:sub-section. 1015: 1014: 1013: 995: 969: 955: 940: 937: 926: 923: 909: 907: 897: 891: 880: 864: 860: 858: 853: 849: 845: 825:Paul Nordoff 823: 808: 800: 797: 763: 756: 750: 748: 734: 725: 716: 707: 703: 691: 687: 678: 674: 670: 666: 655: 652: 640: 625: 616: 606: 599: 592: 585: 573: 561:Please help 556:verification 553: 529: 520: 516: 512: 504: 492: 483: 479: 475: 464: 459:Oliver Sacks 457:Neurologist 456: 446: 437: 433: 429: 414: 405: 395: 388: 381: 374: 362: 350:Please help 345:verification 342: 313: 301: 292: 288: 264: 261: 249: 241: 232: 228: 224: 215: 211: 182: 179: 176: 164: 160: 151: 150: 96: 66: 57: 50:Please help 46: 35: 18: 10661:Terminology 10641:Instruments 10447:Switzerland 10417:South Sudan 10412:South Korea 10337:Saint Lucia 10292:Philippines 10237:North Korea 10217:New Zealand 10212:Netherlands 10017:Ivory Coast 9857:El Salvador 9602:Afghanistan 9569:Micronesian 9370:Compilation 9283:Composition 9178:Composition 9143:Disc jockey 9116:Backup band 9043:Arched Harp 8800:Prehistoric 8572:Debridement 8567:Cryotherapy 8338:R. 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TokenRock 3782:, 4, 13–18. 2987:Aphasiology 2923:: 181–189. 2536:: 647–656. 1886:Art therapy 1841:Crimean War 1829: 1940 1794:, the 1737 1788:Veritophili 1766:melancholia 1722:Hippocrates 1705:Aesculapius 1570:(PTSD) and 1498:South Wales 1443:(1948) and 1395:Crimean War 1371: 1900 1197:social work 1137:(2008) and 986:Arnhem Land 778:existential 535:Bereavement 171:entrainment 167:songwriting 54:if you can. 10819:Categories 10547:Uzbekistan 10467:Tajikistan 10372:Seychelles 10352:San Marino 10187:Mozambique 10177:Montenegro 10147:Mauritania 10112:Madagascar 10107:Luxembourg 10062:Kyrgyzstan 10037:Kazakhstan 9842:East Timor 9792:Costa Rica 9757:Cape Verde 9667:Bangladesh 9652:Azerbaijan 9574:Polynesian 9564:Melanesian 9346:Production 9325:Organology 9290:Musicology 9025:Soul music 8980:Folk music 8965:Vernacular 8727:Disability 8298:Aaron Beck 8213:Anna Freud 8108:Co-therapy 7963:Techniques 7893:Counseling 7881:Approaches 7746:Humanistic 7689:behavioral 7507:Max Schoen 7457:Nina Kraus 7417:Lola Cuddy 7354:Musicology 6572:1853027766 6133:(4): 410. 5645:January 1, 5366:January 1, 5340:January 1, 5140:ajol.info/ 4796:January 2, 4772:1103761472 4753:本土化音乐治疗与实操 4625:Token Rock 3963:August 16, 3937:August 16, 3032:1019654325 2395:August 23, 2285:10344/3362 2244:10344/3362 2002:January 2, 1973:References 1520:patients. 1486:Manchester 1282:Credential 1173:, and the 1084:Xu Lingtai 780:, and the 774:humanistic 589:newspapers 378:newspapers 271:dysarthria 238:Assessment 60:March 2023 10682:Album era 10562:Venezuela 10427:Sri Lanka 10382:Singapore 10267:Palestine 10222:Nicaragua 10152:Mauritius 10102:Lithuania 9987:Indonesia 9942:Guatemala 9642:Australia 9632:Argentina 9552:Caribbean 9506:Southeast 9231:and study 9229:Education 9219:Technique 9100:Ensembles 9010:Pop music 8842:Art music 8820:Religious 8638:Traction 8577:Diathermy 8529:Education 8258:Rollo May 8193:Otto Rank 8178:Carl Jung 7908:Self-help 7260:Disorders 6937:316014578 6923:184852242 6909:757688822 6774:(3): 1–5. 6083:April 21, 5993:March 28, 5967:March 28, 5941:March 28, 5913:March 28, 5671:March 22, 5605:(2): 290. 5413:TrackBill 5145:March 31, 5032:April 23, 4696:, p. 189. 4631:August 5, 3714:0197-4556 3647:148824220 3639:0809-8131 3363:1469-493X 3296:Neurology 3104:: 431–6. 2571:: 21–26. 2497:1469-493X 2448:ignored ( 2438:cite book 1749:Platonist 1741:. 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