1137:, some doctors observed that anecdotally some hospitalized patients in China may have had better outcomes on famotidine than other patients that were not taking famotidine. This led to hypotheses about use of famotidine in treatment of COVID-19. Famotidine was considered a possible treatment for COVID-19 due to its potential anti-inflammatory effects. It was thought that famotidine could modify lung inflammation caused by coronaviruses. However, studies have shown that famotidine is not effective in reducing mortality or improving recovery in COVID-19 patients. Famotidine primarily works by blocking the effects of histamine and has some potential mechanisms of action that may contribute to its anti-inflammatory properties, including the inhibition of the production of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines such as
649:
626:
47:
1093:(50%) due to low gastroretention time. Famotidine is less soluble at higher pH, and when used in combination with antacids gastroretention time is increased. This promotes local delivery of these drugs to receptors in the parietal cell membrane and increases bioavailibility. Researchers are developing tablet formulations that rely on other gastroretentive drug delivery systems such as floating tablets to further increase bioavailibility.
2250:
2889:
38:
4903:
943:
Famotidine has a delayed onset of action, beginning after 90 minutes. However, famotidine has a duration of effect of at least 540 minutes (9.0 h). At its peak effect, 210 minutes (3.5 h) after administration, famotidine reduces acid secretion by 7.3 mmol per 30 minutes.
2248:, Yasufumi Hirata, Isao Yanagisawa, Yoshio Ishii, Shinichi Tsukamoto, Noriki Ito, Yasuo Isomura and Masaaki Takeda, "Guanidinothiazole compounds, process for preparation and gastric inhibiting compositions containing them", issued 11 August 1981
1031:
enzyme system, and does not appear to interact with as many drugs as other medications in its class. Some exceptions include antiretrovirals such as atazanavir, chemotherapeutics such as doxorubicin, and antifungal medications such as itraconazole.
2158:
Hegazy SK, El-Haggar SM, Alhassanin SA, El-Berri EI (January 2021). "Comparative randomized trial evaluating the effect of proton pump inhibitor versus histamine 2 receptor antagonist as an adjuvant therapy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma".
1161:. However, while famotidine may have some anti-inflammatory effects, there is currently insufficient evidence to support its use for treating inflammation associated with COVID-19. Therefore, it is not recommended for this purpose.
2473:
20:
1494:
Soga T, Matsuura M, Kodama Y, Fujita T, Sekimoto I, Nishimura K, et al. (August 1999). "Is a proton pump inhibitor necessary for the treatment of lower-grade reflux esophagitis?".
268:
1588:"Comparison of H2-receptor antagonist- and proton-pump inhibitor-based triple regimens for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Chinese patients with gastritis or peptic ulcer"
1086:
in a chewable tablet to quickly relieve the symptoms of excess stomach acid, is available. In the UK, this product was known as PepcidTwo until its discontinuation in April 2015.
2202:
Lim SG, Sawyerr AM, Hudson M, Sercombe J, Pounder RE (June 1993). "Short report: the absorption of fluconazole and itraconazole under conditions of low intragastric acidity".
1928:
Feldman M (May 1996). "Comparison of the effects of over-the-counter famotidine and calcium carbonate antacid on postprandial gastric acid. A randomized controlled trial".
1278:
1248:
4477:
2292:"Famotidine, a new, potent, long-acting histamine H2-receptor antagonist: comparison with cimetidine and ranitidine in the treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome"
2001:
2920:
2833:
223:
2264:
724:
2455:
2111:"Effects of the H2-receptor antagonist famotidine on the pharmacokinetics of atazanavir-ritonavir with or without tenofovir in HIV-infected patients"
3600:
1756:"Double-blind randomized trials of single-tablet ibuprofen/high-dose famotidine vs. ibuprofen alone for reduction of gastric and duodenal ulcers"
4072:
4067:
4007:
3967:
3876:
3856:
3575:
3495:
3475:
1885:
Jahr JS, Burckart G, Smith SS, Shapiro J, Cook DR (July 1991). "Effects of famotidine on gastric pH and residual volume in pediatric surgery".
1711:
La Corte R, Caselli M, Castellino G, Bajocchi G, Trotta F (June 1999). "Prophylaxis and treatment of NSAID-induced gastroduodenal disorders".
1664:"Famotidine vs. omeprazole: a prospective randomized multicentre trial to determine efficacy in non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease"
4809:
4631:
4470:
4102:
4037:
3982:
3866:
3610:
3550:
3530:
3520:
3435:
3405:
3130:
117:
4677:
4399:
4278:
4097:
4062:
3997:
3987:
3871:
3861:
3851:
3846:
3620:
3570:
3430:
3415:
3410:
3390:
738:
4258:
4107:
4092:
4052:
4017:
3881:
3625:
3585:
3565:
3555:
3465:
2913:
1385:
1971:
4228:
3841:
4839:
4223:
4218:
4463:
4439:
1105:(OTC) in various countries. In the United States and Canada, 10 mg and 20 mg tablets, sometimes in combination with an
2402:
1270:
1240:
4444:
2906:
4857:
4824:
1445:
1415:
1319:
1209:
2863:
2357:
2331:
766:
InChI=1S/C8H15N7O2S3/c9-6(15-20(12,16)17)1-2-18-3-5-4-19-8(13-5)14-7(10)11/h4H,1-3H2,(H2,9,15)(H2,12,16,17)(H4,10,11,13,14)
2706:"Antihistamines improve cardiovascular manifestations and other symptoms of long-COVID attributed to mast cell activation"
3933:
2973:
1149:
inflammatory reflex to attenuate cytokine storm. Yet another hypothesis was that famotidine can reduce the activation of
924:
1805:"Effects of omeprazole, ranitidine, famotidine and placebo on gastric secretion in patients undergoing elective surgery"
4656:
1993:
783:
168:
2551:"No evidence of clinical efficacy of famotidine for the treatment of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
1379:
1352:
1052:
ring of cimetidine was replaced with a 2-guanidinothiazole ring. Famotidine proved to be nine times more potent than
758:
2805:
4933:
4874:
4814:
4491:
898:
817:
371:
253:
149:
2432:
2268:
888:
446:
4434:
1064:
892:
644:
497:
1169:
Small-scale studies have shown inconsistent and inconclusive evidence of efficacy in treatment-refractory
2893:
605:
835:
Common side effects include headache, intestinal upset, and dizziness. Serious side effects may include
4893:
3714:
821:
2245:
858:. In 2022, it was the 49th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 13
566:
1041:
996:
3744:
3215:
2074:
Lee KW, Kayser SR, Hongo RH, Tseng ZH, Scheinman MM (May 2004). "Famotidine and long QT syndrome".
2025:"Drugs to be avoided in patients with long QT syndrome: Focus on the anaesthesiological management"
621:
4862:
3005:
2603:"Famotidine: A potential mitigator of mast cell activation in post-COVID-19 cognitive impairment"
2394:
205:
107:
4819:
4562:
3635:
2757:"Clinical update on COVID-19 for the emergency and critical care clinician: Medical management"
2290:
Howard JM, Chremos AN, Collen MJ, McArthur KE, Cherner JA, Maton PN, et al. (April 1985).
1154:
587:
327:
4455:
1369:
4698:
4586:
4350:
4327:
4144:
4126:
3895:
3798:
2940:
1963:
1102:
546:
437:
294:
4713:
1158:
931:
813:
506:
401:
337:
486:
8:
4948:
4938:
4928:
3145:
2958:
2653:
Yang H, George SJ, Thompson DA, Silverman HA, Tsaava T, Tynan A, et al. (May 2022).
2549:
Cheema HA, Shafiee A, Athar M, Shahid A, Awan RU, Afifi AM, et al. (February 2023).
1072:
912:
825:
392:
212:
2732:
2705:
2627:
2602:
854:
Famotidine was patented in 1979 and came into medical use in 1985. It is available as a
648:
625:
4943:
4718:
4547:
3210:
3140:
2932:
2929:
2797:
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2227:
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2135:
2110:
2051:
2024:
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1898:
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1845:
1780:
1755:
1736:
1693:
1617:
1563:
1538:
1519:
855:
281:
179:
2655:"Famotidine activates the vagus nerve inflammatory reflex to attenuate cytokine storm"
2495:
Malone RW, Tisdall P, Fremont-Smith P, Liu Y, Huang XP, White KM, et al. (2021).
2308:
2291:
4923:
4345:
3696:
2825:
2786:
2755:
Long B, Chavez S, Carius BM, Brady WJ, Liang SY, Koyfman A, et al. (June 2022).
2737:
2686:
2632:
2618:
2580:
2528:
2313:
2219:
2188:
2176:
2140:
2091:
2056:
1945:
1941:
1902:
1867:
1826:
1785:
1728:
1724:
1685:
1680:
1663:
1644:
1609:
1568:
1511:
1476:
1375:
1348:
1134:
577:
141:
46:
2704:
Salvucci F, Codella R, Coppola A, Zacchei I, Grassi G, Anti ML, et al. (2023).
2231:
1914:
1740:
1697:
1662:
Fujiwara Y, Higuchi K, Nebiki H, Chono S, Uno H, Kitada K, et al. (June 2005).
1621:
1523:
4788:
3822:
3689:
3305:
3165:
3085:
2817:
2776:
2768:
2727:
2717:
2676:
2666:
2622:
2614:
2570:
2562:
2518:
2508:
2463:
2303:
2211:
2168:
2130:
2122:
2083:
2046:
2036:
1937:
1894:
1857:
1846:"Acid aspiration prophylaxis in morbidly obese patients: famotidine vs. ranitidine"
1816:
1775:
1767:
1720:
1675:
1599:
1558:
1550:
1539:"Omeprazole enhances efficacy of triple therapy in eradicating Helicobacter pylori"
1503:
1067:
were released in 1999. Generic preparations became available in 2001, e.g. Fluxid (
661:
309:
236:
64:
2087:
1437:
1407:
1311:
1201:
127:
4907:
4601:
3225:
3185:
3160:
3045:
2855:
2382:
2361:
2335:
1090:
1079:
1028:
976:
972:
882:
426:
317:
4495:
2898:
2109:
Wang X, Boffito M, Zhang J, Chung E, Zhu L, Wu Y, et al. (September 2011).
1048:
and is marketed by a joint venture between Merck and
Johnson & Johnson. The
975:, particularly when used with other QT-elongating drugs, or in people with poor
4868:
4273:
3802:
3692:
3515:
3455:
3370:
3205:
3150:
3120:
3080:
3070:
3065:
2772:
2671:
2566:
2172:
1604:
1587:
1117:
1068:
1045:
992:
878:
2722:
2513:
2358:"Formulation and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Floating Tablets of Famotidine"
1537:
Borody TJ, Andrews P, Fracchia G, Brandl S, Shortis NP, Bae H (October 1995).
4917:
4723:
4641:
4557:
4504:
3788:
3784:
3748:
3708:
3651:
3647:
3510:
3460:
3350:
3335:
3260:
3255:
3060:
1170:
1142:
1000:
848:
801:
637:
2468:
2456:"New York clinical trial quietly tests heartburn remedy against coronavirus"
1011:
on the parietal cells, ultimately reducing acid secretion into the stomach.
887:
Treatment for pathologic gastrointestinal hypersecretory conditions such as
4768:
4708:
4626:
4616:
4606:
4596:
4487:
4404:
4308:
4248:
4169:
4042:
3826:
3818:
3810:
3806:
3792:
3756:
3752:
3738:
3667:
3639:
3505:
3490:
3375:
3365:
3360:
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3330:
3325:
3295:
3275:
3265:
3230:
3180:
3110:
3030:
2829:
2790:
2741:
2690:
2636:
2584:
2532:
2180:
2144:
2095:
2060:
1821:
1804:
1789:
1732:
1689:
1648:
1613:
1515:
1480:
961:
809:
231:
29:
2317:
2223:
2126:
1949:
1906:
1871:
1830:
1572:
1507:
4773:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4703:
4646:
4636:
4571:
4532:
4389:
4360:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4268:
4233:
4174:
4149:
4112:
4022:
3943:
3938:
3830:
3780:
3760:
3734:
3726:
3679:
3675:
3659:
3615:
3580:
3560:
3540:
3535:
3420:
3385:
3345:
3310:
3300:
3285:
3250:
3240:
3220:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3155:
3105:
3100:
3090:
3035:
3010:
2978:
2963:
2821:
2041:
1771:
1754:
Laine L, Kivitz AJ, Bello AE, Grahn AY, Schiff MH, Taha AS (March 2012).
1554:
1146:
905:
829:
216:
135:
466:
4793:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4682:
4672:
4667:
4621:
4611:
4542:
4537:
4527:
4517:
4409:
4298:
4263:
4243:
4238:
4182:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4057:
4047:
4027:
4012:
3992:
3977:
3972:
3772:
3700:
3671:
3663:
3590:
3525:
3485:
3480:
3445:
3440:
3400:
3395:
3320:
3245:
3170:
3135:
3125:
3095:
3075:
3055:
3015:
1057:
1053:
1020:
917:
700:
477:
21:
United
Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
4783:
4778:
4733:
4728:
4576:
4394:
4355:
4303:
4253:
4154:
4032:
3928:
3913:
3776:
3764:
3730:
3718:
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3655:
3643:
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3595:
3545:
3500:
3450:
3425:
3340:
3315:
3290:
3280:
3270:
3235:
3175:
3115:
3050:
3040:
3020:
2968:
1150:
1138:
1113:
1049:
1008:
957:
871:
844:
836:
412:
350:
121:
2424:
952:
The most common side effects associated with famotidine use include
4414:
4373:
4313:
4208:
4203:
4187:
3923:
3918:
3814:
3722:
3683:
3470:
3025:
965:
953:
840:
526:
457:
163:
930:
Given to surgery patients before operations to reduce the risk of
723:
593:
4213:
4164:
3951:
3768:
2986:
2157:
1803:
Escolano F, Castaño J, López R, Bisbe E, Alcón A (October 1992).
1710:
1106:
1083:
1109:, are available OTC. Larger doses still require a prescription.
19:"Cepal" redirects here. For the international organization, see
4485:
4368:
4159:
2888:
557:
355:
1844:
Vila P, Vallès J, Canet J, Melero A, Vidal F (November 1991).
1438:"Famotidine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022"
91:
2703:
2497:"COVID-19: Famotidine, Histamine, Mast Cells, and Mechanisms"
2494:
847:
appears safe but has not been well studied, while use during
714:
537:
37:
1145:. Another hypothesis was that famotidine might activate the
610:
2652:
2289:
1536:
1347:(76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. pp. 74–75.
517:
70:
1661:
1634:
79:
2806:"Famotidine Augmentation in Schizophrenia: Hope or Hype?"
2324:
1802:
1635:
Kirika NV, Bodrug NI, Butorov IV, Butorov SI (2004). "".
85:
2548:
2201:
1964:"Common Side Effects of Pepcid (Famotidine) Drug Center"
1884:
1493:
2387:
2023:
Fazio G, Vernuccio F, Grutta G, Re GL (26 April 2013).
1263:
1181:
Famotidine is given to dogs and cats with acid reflux.
999:
to secrete acid into the stomach lumen. Famotidine, an
2257:
2022:
1986:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1227:
4891:
2754:
2108:
1843:
1753:
94:
67:
2601:
Kow CS, Ramachandram DS, Hasan SS (September 2023).
2600:
88:
82:
2073:
1469:
Nihon Rinsho. Japanese
Journal of Clinical Medicine
1224:
1027:antagonist, famotidine has a minimal effect on the
445:
76:
73:
2350:
1956:
1078:In the United States and Canada, a product called
2928:
2238:
1318:. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.
1202:"Famotidine Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings"
1101:Certain preparations of famotidine are available
4915:
2848:
2417:
425:
2648:
2646:
2596:
2594:
2544:
2542:
2376:
1367:
1112:Formulations of famotidine in combination with
400:
4810:Bismuth subcitrate/metronidazole/tetracycline
4471:
2914:
1592:The Journal of International Medical Research
2748:
2697:
2643:
2591:
2539:
2488:
2447:
2151:
2102:
2067:
2016:
1747:
1704:
1655:
1628:
1579:
1487:
1271:"Zantac 360- famotidine tablet, film coated"
167:
2283:
2195:
1921:
1878:
1837:
1796:
1585:
1530:
1460:
1361:
4478:
4464:
2921:
2907:
2761:The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
2204:Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
1668:Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
1306:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1196:
1194:
1063:It was first marketed in 1981. Pepcid RPD
647:
624:
485:
2780:
2731:
2721:
2680:
2670:
2626:
2574:
2522:
2512:
2467:
2307:
2267:. Skyscape Mediwire. 2002. Archived from
2134:
2050:
2040:
1861:
1820:
1779:
1679:
1603:
1562:
505:
1760:The American Journal of Gastroenterology
1466:
1345:British national formulary : BNF 76
1312:"Famotidine Monograph for Professionals"
1056:, and thirty-two times more potent than
1044:Co. It was licensed in the mid-1980s by
2803:
2453:
1927:
1339:
1337:
1293:
1191:
620:
465:
140:
4916:
1586:Hu FL, Jia JC, Li YL, Yang GB (2003).
1374:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 444.
1096:
982:
746:NS(=O)(=O)/N=C(\N)CCSCc1csc(n1)N=C(N)N
638:
275:
4825:Vonoprazan/amoxicillin/clarithromycin
4459:
2902:
2435:from the original on 26 November 2020
2360:. Farmavita.Net. 2008. Archived from
1212:from the original on 16 December 2023
586:
565:
545:
379:3--1,3-thiazol-4-yl}methyl)sulfanyl]-
288:
158:
126:
2836:from the original on 11 January 2024
1334:
1082:, which combines famotidine with an
874:, acid indigestion, and sour stomach
832:. It begins working within an hour.
592:
235:
16:Medication that reduces stomach acid
2405:from the original on 4 October 2022
1887:Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
1418:from the original on 30 August 2024
938:
525:
416:
13:
3186:Etybenzatropine (ethylbenztropine)
2810:The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
2476:from the original on 29 April 2020
2216:10.1111/j.1365-2036.1993.tb00103.x
2076:The American Journal of Cardiology
1899:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1991.tb03328.x
1863:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1991.tb09860.x
1448:from the original on 17 April 2020
1251:from the original on 31 March 2024
1176:
14:
4960:
2882:
2004:from the original on 6 March 2019
1974:from the original on 6 March 2019
1388:from the original on 29 July 2020
1322:from the original on 17 June 2019
262:
190:
4901:
4815:Omeprazole/amoxicillin/rifabutin
2887:
2866:from the original on 19 May 2015
2619:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111425
1942:10.1001/jama.1996.03530420056036
1725:10.2165/00002018-199920060-00006
1681:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02468.x
1281:from the original on 6 July 2022
910:Part of a multidrug regimen for
812:production. It is used to treat
678:
672:
271:(Pharmacist only) / S4
63:
45:
36:
4440:Monoamine metabolism modulators
1467:Kanayama S (January 1999). "".
1368:Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006).
1014:
947:
920:may be somewhat more effective.
899:gastroesophageal reflux disease
865:
818:gastroesophageal reflux disease
771:Key:XUFQPHANEAPEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
1809:British Journal of Anaesthesia
1430:
1400:
1153:and the subsequent release of
690:
684:
666:
1:
4445:Monoamine reuptake inhibitors
4435:Receptor/signaling modulators
2309:10.1016/s0016-5085(85)80024-x
2088:10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.02.025
1371:Analogue-based Drug Discovery
1184:
1120:under the trade name Duexis.
1065:orally disintegrating tablets
971:Famotidine may contribute to
1040:Famotidine was developed by
796:, sold under the brand name
7:
4068:Quisultazine (quisultidine)
3715:Tetracyclic antidepressants
2332:"PepcidTwo Chewable Tablet"
2029:World Journal of Cardiology
1496:Journal of Gastroenterology
1128:
1123:
893:multiple endocrine adenomas
10:
4967:
3031:Benzatropine (benztropine)
2773:10.1016/j.ajem.2022.03.036
2672:10.1186/s10020-022-00483-8
2567:10.1016/j.jinf.2022.11.022
2173:10.1007/s12032-020-01452-z
2115:AIDS Patient Care and STDs
1605:10.1177/147323000303100601
1035:
889:Zollinger–Ellison syndrome
822:Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
808:medication that decreases
656:Chemical and physical data
112:Pepcid, Zantac 360, others
18:
4852:
4833:
4802:
4691:
4655:
4585:
4556:
4503:
4427:
4382:
4338:
4326:
4196:
4137:
4125:
3960:
3906:
3894:
3745:Tricyclic antidepressants
3601:Sequifenadine (bicarphen)
2995:
2951:
2939:
2723:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1202696
2514:10.3389/fphar.2021.633680
2501:Frontiers in Pharmacology
2244:
1994:"Drugs & Medications"
1042:Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical
779:
754:
734:
712:
699:
660:
655:
636:
604:
576:
556:
536:
516:
496:
476:
456:
436:
411:
391:
383:-sulfamoylpropanimidamide
367:
362:
349:
336:
326:
316:
308:
252:
247:
222:
204:
178:
148:
134:
116:
106:
58:
53:
44:
35:
3383:Second/third-generation:
3216:Hydroxyethylpromethazine
2454:Borrell B (April 2020).
1164:
1157:, therefore acting as a
4934:H2 receptor antagonists
4533:Lavoltidine (loxtidine)
4023:Lavoltidine (loxtidine)
3636:Atypical antipsychotics
3581:Quifenadine (phencarol)
3246:Mepyramine (pyrilamine)
3006:4-Methyldiphenhydramine
2469:10.1126/science.abc4739
1637:Terapevticheskii Arkhiv
1007:, blocks the action of
927:-induced peptic ulcers.
862:million prescriptions.
4820:Vonoprazan/amoxicillin
4657:Potassium-competitive
4587:Proton-pump inhibitors
3799:Typical antipsychotics
1155:inflammatory mediators
932:aspiration pneumonitis
916:eradication, although
4843:eradication protocols
4699:Aceglutamide aluminum
3765:dosulepin (dothiepin)
2896:at Wikimedia Commons
2246:US patent 4283408
2127:10.1089/apc.2011.0113
1508:10.1007/s005350050292
1408:"The Top 300 of 2022"
991:receptors located on
830:injection into a vein
4714:Arbaclofen placarbil
2822:10.4088/JCP.13f08707
2710:Front Cardiovasc Med
2042:10.4330/wjc.v5.i4.87
1822:10.1093/bja/69.4.404
1772:10.1038/ajg.2011.443
1555:10.1136/gut.37.4.477
1159:mast cell stabilizer
1133:At the start of the
1089:Famotidine has poor
851:is not recommended.
814:peptic ulcer disease
4841:Helicobacter pylori
3146:Dexchlorpheniramine
2959:2-Pyridylethylamine
2271:on 23 February 2009
1241:"Famotidine tablet"
1097:Society and culture
1073:Gedeon Richter Ltd.
983:Mechanism of action
913:Helicobacter pylori
806:receptor antagonist
800:among others, is a
358:(25–30% unchanged )
32:
4879:Never to phase III
4719:Bismuth subcitrate
3211:Homochlorcyclizine
3141:Dexbrompheniramine
2930:Histamine receptor
2804:Andrade C (2013).
856:generic medication
282:General sales list
28:
4889:
4888:
4453:
4452:
4423:
4422:
4351:α-Methylhistamine
4346:4-Methylhistamine
4322:
4321:
4145:α-Methylhistamine
4121:
4120:
3890:
3889:
3839:Unknown/unsorted:
3697:hydroxynefazodone
3003:First-generation:
2892:Media related to
2082:(10): 1325–1327.
1936:(18): 1428–1431.
1674:(Suppl 2): 10–8.
1135:COVID-19 pandemic
1116:were marketed by
791:
790:
725:Interactive image
606:CompTox Dashboard
322:40–45% (by mouth)
292:
279:
266:
194:
161:
4956:
4906:
4905:
4904:
4897:
4789:Zinc L-carnosine
4480:
4473:
4466:
4457:
4456:
4363:
4336:
4335:
4177:
4135:
4134:
3946:
3904:
3903:
3823:prochlorperazine
3690:Phenylpiperazine
3306:Phenyltoloxamine
3166:Diphenylpyraline
3086:Chlorphenoxamine
2981:
2949:
2948:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2900:
2899:
2891:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2841:
2816:(9): e855–e858.
2801:
2795:
2794:
2784:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2735:
2725:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2684:
2674:
2650:
2641:
2640:
2630:
2598:
2589:
2588:
2578:
2546:
2537:
2536:
2526:
2516:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2471:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2391:
2385:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2364:on 29 March 2016
2354:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2334:. Archived from
2328:
2322:
2321:
2311:
2296:Gastroenterology
2287:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2161:Medical Oncology
2155:
2149:
2148:
2138:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2054:
2044:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2009:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1925:
1919:
1918:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1865:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1824:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1783:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1683:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1607:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1566:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1365:
1359:
1358:
1341:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1308:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1237:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1198:
1103:over the counter
939:Pharmacokinetics
861:
787:
786:
727:
707:
692:
686:
680:
674:
668:
651:
640:
629:
628:
614:
612:
596:
590:
569:
549:
529:
509:
489:
469:
449:
429:
419:
418:
404:
341:
300:
290:
287:
277:
274:
264:
261:
239:
192:
189:
171:
160:
157:
144:
130:
101:
100:
97:
96:
93:
90:
87:
84:
81:
78:
75:
72:
69:
49:
40:
33:
31:
27:
4966:
4965:
4959:
4958:
4957:
4955:
4954:
4953:
4914:
4913:
4912:
4902:
4900:
4892:
4890:
4885:
4884:
4869:Clinical trials
4848:
4829:
4798:
4687:
4658:
4651:
4602:Dexlansoprazole
4589:
4581:
4561:
4552:
4508:
4499:
4484:
4454:
4449:
4419:
4378:
4361:
4331:
4318:
4192:
4175:
4130:
4117:
3956:
3944:
3899:
3886:
3693:antidepressants
3226:Isopromethazine
3161:Diphenhydramine
3046:Brompheniramine
2991:
2979:
2944:
2935:
2927:
2885:
2880:
2879:
2869:
2867:
2854:
2853:
2849:
2839:
2837:
2802:
2798:
2753:
2749:
2702:
2698:
2651:
2644:
2607:J Psychosom Res
2599:
2592:
2547:
2540:
2493:
2489:
2479:
2477:
2452:
2448:
2438:
2436:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2408:
2406:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2383:Pepcid Complete
2381:
2377:
2367:
2365:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2341:
2339:
2338:on 18 July 2016
2330:
2329:
2325:
2288:
2284:
2274:
2272:
2265:"Sankyo Pharma"
2263:
2262:
2258:
2251:
2243:
2239:
2200:
2196:
2156:
2152:
2107:
2103:
2072:
2068:
2021:
2017:
2007:
2005:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1977:
1975:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1926:
1922:
1883:
1879:
1842:
1838:
1801:
1797:
1752:
1748:
1709:
1705:
1660:
1656:
1633:
1629:
1584:
1580:
1535:
1531:
1492:
1488:
1465:
1461:
1451:
1449:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1421:
1419:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1391:
1389:
1382:
1366:
1362:
1355:
1343:
1342:
1335:
1325:
1323:
1310:
1309:
1294:
1284:
1282:
1277:. 17 May 2022.
1269:
1268:
1264:
1254:
1252:
1239:
1238:
1225:
1215:
1213:
1200:
1199:
1192:
1187:
1179:
1177:Veterinary uses
1167:
1131:
1126:
1099:
1091:bioavailibility
1080:Pepcid Complete
1071:) or Quamatel (
1046:Merck & Co.
1038:
1029:cytochrome P450
1026:
1017:
1004:
990:
987:Activation of H
985:
977:kidney function
973:QT prolongation
950:
941:
883:duodenal ulcers
868:
859:
805:
782:
780:
775:
772:
767:
762:
761:
750:
747:
742:
741:
730:
705:
695:
689:
683:
677:
671:
632:
608:
600:
572:
552:
532:
512:
492:
472:
452:
432:
415:
407:
387:
384:
375:
374:
339:
328:Protein binding
318:Bioavailability
310:Pharmacokinetic
304:
298:
243:
207:
200:
181:
174:
66:
62:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4964:
4963:
4952:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4911:
4910:
4887:
4886:
4883:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4877:
4866:
4860:
4854:
4853:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4846:
4834:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4806:
4804:
4800:
4799:
4797:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4695:
4693:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4664:
4662:
4653:
4652:
4650:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4593:
4591:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4574:
4568:
4566:
4558:Prostaglandins
4554:
4553:
4551:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4514:
4512:
4506:
4501:
4500:
4483:
4482:
4475:
4468:
4460:
4451:
4450:
4448:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4421:
4420:
4418:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4386:
4384:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4342:
4340:
4333:
4329:
4324:
4323:
4320:
4319:
4317:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4274:Iodophenpropit
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4200:
4198:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4141:
4139:
4132:
4128:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3964:
3962:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3910:
3908:
3901:
3897:
3892:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3835:
3834:
3803:chlorpromazine
3796:
3742:
3712:
3687:
3629:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3516:Levocetirizine
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3456:Clobenztropine
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3379:
3378:
3373:
3371:Tripelennamine
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3206:Histapyrrodine
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3151:Dimenhydrinate
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3121:Cyproheptadine
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3081:Chlorphenamine
3078:
3073:
3071:Chloropyramine
3068:
3066:Chlorcyclizine
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
2999:
2997:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2984:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2955:
2953:
2946:
2942:
2937:
2936:
2926:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2903:
2884:
2883:External links
2881:
2878:
2877:
2847:
2796:
2747:
2696:
2642:
2590:
2561:(2): 154–225.
2538:
2487:
2446:
2416:
2386:
2375:
2349:
2323:
2302:(4): 1026–33.
2282:
2256:
2237:
2210:(3): 317–321.
2194:
2150:
2121:(9): 509–515.
2101:
2066:
2015:
1985:
1955:
1920:
1877:
1836:
1795:
1746:
1703:
1654:
1627:
1578:
1529:
1486:
1459:
1429:
1399:
1380:
1360:
1353:
1333:
1292:
1262:
1223:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1178:
1175:
1166:
1163:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1118:Horizon Pharma
1098:
1095:
1037:
1034:
1024:
1016:
1013:
1002:
993:parietal cells
988:
984:
981:
949:
946:
940:
937:
936:
935:
928:
923:Prevention of
921:
908:
904:Treatment for
902:
897:Treatment for
895:
885:
877:Treatment for
875:
867:
864:
824:. It is taken
803:
789:
788:
777:
776:
774:
773:
770:
768:
765:
757:
756:
755:
752:
751:
749:
748:
745:
737:
736:
735:
732:
731:
729:
728:
720:
718:
710:
709:
703:
697:
696:
693:
687:
681:
675:
669:
664:
658:
657:
653:
652:
642:
634:
633:
631:
630:
617:
615:
602:
601:
599:
598:
582:
580:
574:
573:
571:
570:
562:
560:
554:
553:
551:
550:
542:
540:
534:
533:
531:
530:
522:
520:
514:
513:
511:
510:
502:
500:
494:
493:
491:
490:
482:
480:
474:
473:
471:
470:
462:
460:
454:
453:
451:
450:
442:
440:
434:
433:
431:
430:
422:
420:
409:
408:
406:
405:
397:
395:
389:
388:
386:
385:
378:
370:
369:
368:
365:
364:
360:
359:
353:
347:
346:
343:
334:
333:
330:
324:
323:
320:
314:
313:
306:
305:
303:
302:
285:
272:
258:
256:
250:
249:
245:
244:
242:
241:
228:
226:
220:
219:
210:
208:administration
202:
201:
199:
198:
196:
186:
184:
176:
175:
173:
172:
154:
152:
146:
145:
138:
132:
131:
124:
114:
113:
110:
104:
103:
60:
56:
55:
51:
50:
42:
41:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4962:
4961:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4909:
4899:
4898:
4895:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4855:
4851:
4845:
4844:
4842:
4836:
4835:
4832:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4801:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4724:Carbenoxolone
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4690:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4659:acid blockers
4654:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4642:Tenatoprazole
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4594:
4592:
4588:
4584:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4559:
4555:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4502:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4481:
4476:
4474:
4469:
4467:
4462:
4461:
4458:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4426:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4381:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4325:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4195:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4142:
4140:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4124:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3959:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3893:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3790:
3789:protriptyline
3786:
3785:nortriptyline
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3754:
3750:
3749:amitriptyline
3746:
3743:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3713:
3710:
3709:triazoledione
3706:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3652:brilaroxazine
3649:
3648:brexpiprazole
3645:
3641:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3511:Levocabastine
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3461:Desloratadine
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3351:Thenyldiamine
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3336:Pyrrobutamine
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3261:Methapyrilene
3259:
3257:
3256:Methafurylene
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3061:Carbinoxamine
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2938:
2934:
2931:
2924:
2919:
2917:
2912:
2910:
2905:
2904:
2901:
2897:
2895:
2890:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2851:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2800:
2792:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2751:
2743:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2700:
2692:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2649:
2647:
2638:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2597:
2595:
2586:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2545:
2543:
2534:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2491:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2450:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2390:
2384:
2379:
2363:
2359:
2353:
2337:
2333:
2327:
2319:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2286:
2270:
2266:
2260:
2247:
2241:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2198:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2154:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2105:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2070:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2019:
2003:
1999:
1998:www.webmd.com
1995:
1989:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1959:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1924:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1893:(5): 457–60.
1892:
1888:
1881:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1856:(11): 967–9.
1855:
1851:
1847:
1840:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1799:
1791:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1766:(3): 379–86.
1765:
1761:
1757:
1750:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1719:(6): 527–43.
1718:
1714:
1707:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1658:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1631:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1598:(6): 469–74.
1597:
1593:
1589:
1582:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1549:(4): 477–81.
1548:
1544:
1540:
1533:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1502:(4): 435–40.
1501:
1497:
1490:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1463:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1433:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1403:
1387:
1383:
1381:9783527607495
1377:
1373:
1372:
1364:
1356:
1354:9780857113382
1350:
1346:
1340:
1338:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1266:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1195:
1190:
1182:
1174:
1172:
1171:schizophrenia
1162:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1094:
1092:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1033:
1030:
1023:, the first H
1022:
1012:
1010:
1006:
998:
994:
980:
978:
974:
969:
967:
963:
959:
955:
945:
933:
929:
926:
922:
919:
915:
914:
909:
907:
903:
900:
896:
894:
890:
886:
884:
880:
876:
873:
870:
869:
863:
857:
852:
850:
849:breastfeeding
846:
842:
838:
833:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
799:
795:
785:
778:
769:
764:
763:
760:
753:
744:
743:
740:
733:
726:
722:
721:
719:
716:
711:
704:
702:
698:
665:
663:
659:
654:
650:
646:
643:
641:
639:ECHA InfoCard
635:
627:
623:
622:DTXSID5023039
619:
618:
616:
607:
603:
595:
594:RCSB PDB
589:
584:
583:
581:
579:
575:
568:
564:
563:
561:
559:
555:
548:
544:
543:
541:
539:
535:
528:
524:
523:
521:
519:
515:
508:
504:
503:
501:
499:
495:
488:
484:
483:
481:
479:
475:
468:
464:
463:
461:
459:
455:
448:
444:
443:
441:
439:
435:
428:
424:
423:
421:
414:
410:
403:
399:
398:
396:
394:
390:
382:
377:
376:
373:
366:
361:
357:
354:
352:
348:
345:2.5–3.5 hours
344:
342:
335:
331:
329:
325:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
296:
286:
283:
273:
270:
260:
259:
257:
255:
251:
246:
238:
233:
230:
229:
227:
225:
221:
218:
214:
211:
209:
203:
197:
188:
187:
185:
183:
177:
170:
165:
156:
155:
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
137:
133:
129:
125:
123:
119:
115:
111:
109:
105:
99:
61:
59:Pronunciation
57:
54:Clinical data
52:
48:
43:
39:
34:
26:
22:
4840:
4837:
4803:Combinations
4769:Sulglicotide
4709:Alginic acid
4627:Pantoprazole
4617:Lansoprazole
4607:Esomeprazole
4597:Azeloprazole
4590:("-prazole")
4522:
4488:peptic ulcer
4405:Thioperamide
4309:Thioperamide
4249:Clobenpropit
4170:Immethridine
4073:Ramixotidine
4043:Niperotidine
4008:Isolamtidine
4002:
3968:Bisfentidine
3877:Trelnarizine
3857:Flotrenizine
3838:
3827:thioridazine
3819:perphenazine
3811:fluphenazine
3807:flupenthixol
3793:trimipramine
3757:clomipramine
3753:butriptyline
3739:oxaprotiline
3668:paliperidone
3640:aripiprazole
3632:
3576:Piclopastine
3506:Latrepirdine
3496:Flezelastine
3491:Fexofenadine
3476:Efletirizine
3382:
3376:Triprolidine
3366:Tolpropamine
3361:Thonzylamine
3356:Thiazinamium
3331:Propiomazine
3326:Promethazine
3296:Phenindamine
3276:Orphenadrine
3266:Methdilazine
3231:Isothipendyl
3181:Etodroxizine
3111:Cloperastine
3002:
2886:
2868:. Retrieved
2859:
2856:"Famotidine"
2850:
2838:. Retrieved
2813:
2809:
2799:
2764:
2760:
2750:
2713:
2709:
2699:
2662:
2658:
2610:
2606:
2558:
2554:
2504:
2500:
2490:
2480:20 September
2478:. Retrieved
2459:
2449:
2437:. Retrieved
2428:
2419:
2407:. Retrieved
2399:Medline Plus
2398:
2395:"Famotidine"
2389:
2378:
2366:. Retrieved
2362:the original
2352:
2340:. Retrieved
2336:the original
2326:
2299:
2295:
2285:
2273:. Retrieved
2269:the original
2259:
2240:
2207:
2203:
2197:
2164:
2160:
2153:
2118:
2114:
2104:
2079:
2075:
2069:
2035:(4): 87–93.
2032:
2028:
2018:
2006:. Retrieved
1997:
1988:
1976:. Retrieved
1967:
1958:
1933:
1929:
1923:
1890:
1886:
1880:
1853:
1849:
1839:
1815:(4): 404–6.
1812:
1808:
1798:
1763:
1759:
1749:
1716:
1712:
1706:
1671:
1667:
1657:
1643:(2): 18–22.
1640:
1636:
1630:
1595:
1591:
1581:
1546:
1542:
1532:
1499:
1495:
1489:
1475:(1): 153–6.
1472:
1468:
1462:
1450:. Retrieved
1441:
1432:
1420:. Retrieved
1411:
1402:
1390:. Retrieved
1370:
1363:
1344:
1324:. Retrieved
1315:
1283:. Retrieved
1274:
1265:
1253:. Retrieved
1244:
1214:. Retrieved
1205:
1180:
1168:
1132:
1111:
1100:
1088:
1077:
1062:
1039:
1018:
1015:Interactions
997:proton pumps
986:
970:
962:constipation
951:
948:Side effects
942:
911:
866:Medical uses
853:
834:
810:stomach acid
797:
793:
792:
781:
380:
338:Elimination
254:Legal status
248:Legal status
150:License data
25:
4865:from market
4774:Telenzepine
4749:Pirenzepine
4744:Lesogaberan
4739:Irsogladine
4704:Acetoxolone
4661:("-prazan")
4647:Timoprazole
4637:Rabeprazole
4632:Picoprazole
4572:Misoprostol
4565:("-prost-")
4511:("-tidine")
4509:antagonists
4390:JNJ-7777120
4383:Antagonists
4294:PF-03654746
4289:NNC 38-1049
4284:JNJ-5207852
4269:Impentamine
4234:Betahistine
4197:Antagonists
4150:Cipralisant
4113:Zolantidine
4103:Venritidine
4038:Mifentidine
3983:Dalcotidine
3961:Antagonists
3939:Impromidine
3867:Napactadine
3831:thiothixene
3781:lofepramine
3761:desipramine
3735:mirtazapine
3727:maprotiline
3680:ziprasidone
3676:risperidone
3660:iloperidone
3616:Terfenadine
3611:Temelastine
3561:Olopatadine
3551:Noberastine
3541:Mizolastine
3536:Mebhydrolin
3531:Mapinastine
3521:Linetastine
3436:Carebastine
3421:Bepotastine
3406:Bamirastine
3386:Acrivastine
3346:Thenalidine
3311:Pimethixene
3301:Pheniramine
3286:Oxomemazine
3251:Mequitazine
3241:Medrylamine
3221:Hydroxyzine
3201:Flunarizine
3196:Fenethazine
3191:Etymemazine
3156:Dimetindene
3131:Decloxizine
3106:Clocinizine
3101:Clobenzepam
3091:Cinnarizine
3036:Bepotastine
3011:Alimemazine
2996:Antagonists
2964:Betahistine
2767:: 158–170.
2716:: 1202696.
1850:Anaesthesia
1713:Drug Safety
1147:vagus nerve
995:stimulates
906:esophagitis
802:histamine H
708: g·mol
645:100.116.793
363:Identifiers
217:intravenous
136:MedlinePlus
108:Trade names
4949:Thioethers
4939:Sulfamides
4929:Guanidines
4918:Categories
4838:See also:
4794:Zolimidine
4764:Sucralfate
4759:Rebamipide
4754:Proglumide
4683:Vonoprazan
4678:Soraprazan
4673:Revaprazan
4668:Linaprazan
4622:Omeprazole
4612:Ilaprazole
4548:Roxatidine
4543:Ranitidine
4538:Nizatidine
4528:Lafutidine
4523:Famotidine
4518:Cimetidine
4486:Drugs for
4410:Toreforant
4400:Seliforant
4364:-Histidine
4299:Pitolisant
4279:Irdabisant
4264:GSK-189254
4244:Ciproxifan
4239:Burimamide
4183:Methimepip
4178:-Histidine
4098:Tuvatidine
4088:Sufotidine
4083:Roxatidine
4078:Ranitidine
4063:Pibutidine
4058:Oxmetidine
4048:Nizatidine
4028:Lupitidine
4013:Lafutidine
4003:Famotidine
3998:Etintidine
3993:Ebrotidine
3988:Donetidine
3978:Cimetidine
3973:Burimamide
3947:-Histidine
3872:Tagorizine
3862:GSK1004723
3852:Elbanizine
3847:Belarizine
3773:imipramine
3701:nefazodone
3672:quetiapine
3664:olanzapine
3621:Vapitadine
3591:Rupatadine
3571:Pibaxizine
3526:Loratadine
3486:Epinastine
3481:Emedastine
3446:Clemastine
3441:Cetirizine
3431:Cabastinen
3416:Bepiastine
3411:Barmastine
3401:Azelastine
3396:Astemizole
3391:Alinastine
3321:Pipoxizine
3171:Doxylamine
3136:Deptropine
3126:Dacemazine
3096:Clemastine
3076:Chlorothen
3056:Captodiame
3016:Antazoline
2982:-Histidine
2933:modulators
2894:Famotidine
2840:11 January
2763:(Review).
2613:: 111425.
2507:: 633680.
2368:31 January
2275:31 October
1185:References
1151:mast cells
1058:cimetidine
1054:ranitidine
1021:cimetidine
1005:antagonist
918:omeprazole
794:Famotidine
713:3D model (
701:Molar mass
578:PDB ligand
547:CHEBI:4975
507:5QZO15J2Z8
478:ChemSpider
438:IUPHAR/BPS
402:76824-35-6
393:CAS Number
372:IUPAC name
284:(GSL, OTC)
169:Famotidine
30:Famotidine
4944:Thiazoles
4875:Phase III
4863:Withdrawn
4784:Troxipide
4779:Teprenone
4734:Gefarnate
4729:Cetraxate
4577:Enprostil
4563:analogues
4492:GERD/GORD
4395:Mianserin
4356:Histamine
4304:SCH-79687
4259:Enerisant
4254:Conessine
4155:Histamine
4108:Xaltidine
4093:Tiotidine
4053:Osutidine
4033:Metiamide
4018:Lamtidine
3929:Histamine
3914:Amthamine
3882:Trenizine
3777:iprindole
3731:mianserin
3719:amoxapine
3705:trazodone
3656:clozapine
3644:asenapine
3626:Zepastine
3606:Talastine
3596:Setastine
3586:Rocastine
3566:Perastine
3556:Octastine
3546:Moxastine
3501:Ketotifen
3466:Dorastine
3451:Clemizole
3426:Bilastine
3341:Talastine
3316:Piperoxan
3291:Perlapine
3281:Oxatomide
3271:Moxastine
3236:Meclozine
3176:Embramine
3116:Cyclizine
3051:Buclizine
3041:Bromazine
3021:Azatadine
2969:Histamine
2665:(1): 57.
2429:Drugs.com
2189:230485193
1452:30 August
1422:30 August
1316:Drugs.com
1206:Drugs.com
1139:TNF-alpha
1114:ibuprofen
1050:imidazole
1009:histamine
958:dizziness
872:heartburn
845:pregnancy
843:. Use in
837:pneumonia
567:ChEMBL902
351:Excretion
340:half-life
206:Routes of
180:Pregnancy
128:Monograph
122:Drugs.com
4924:Amidines
4908:Medicine
4431:See also
4415:VUF-6002
4374:VUF-8430
4339:Agonists
4314:VUF-5681
4229:Bavisant
4209:A-423579
4204:A-349821
4188:Proxyfan
4138:Agonists
3924:Dimaprit
3919:Betazole
3907:Agonists
3842:Azanator
3815:loxapine
3723:loxapine
3684:zotepine
3471:Ebastine
3026:Bamipine
2952:Agonists
2864:Archived
2834:Archived
2830:24107771
2791:35397357
2742:37529714
2733:10388239
2691:35578169
2637:37399740
2628:10292911
2585:36462586
2555:J Infect
2533:33833683
2474:Archived
2439:28 April
2433:Archived
2425:"Duexis"
2409:21 March
2403:Archived
2232:20462864
2181:33394214
2167:(1): 4.
2145:21770762
2096:15135720
2061:23675554
2002:Archived
1972:Archived
1915:44356956
1790:22186979
1741:41990751
1733:10392669
1698:24690061
1690:15943841
1649:15106408
1622:25818901
1614:14708410
1524:22115962
1516:10452673
1481:10036954
1446:Archived
1442:ClinCalc
1416:Archived
1412:ClinCalc
1386:Archived
1320:Archived
1279:Archived
1275:DailyMed
1249:Archived
1245:DailyMed
1210:Archived
1129:COVID-19
1124:Research
966:diarrhea
954:headache
841:seizures
826:by mouth
784:(verify)
458:DrugBank
224:ATC code
213:By mouth
195: B1
182:category
164:DailyMed
4224:AZD5213
4219:ABT-652
4214:ABT-239
4165:Immepip
3952:UR-AK49
3801:(e.g.,
3769:doxepin
3747:(e.g.,
3717:(e.g.,
3695:(e.g.,
3638:(e.g.,
3633:Others:
2987:UR-AK49
2782:8956349
2682:9109205
2659:Mol Med
2576:9711899
2524:8021898
2460:Science
2318:2857672
2224:8117350
2136:3157302
2052:3653016
2008:2 March
1978:2 March
1950:8618369
1907:1887750
1872:1750602
1831:1419452
1781:3321505
1573:7489931
1564:1382896
1326:3 March
1255:6 March
1216:3 March
1107:antacid
1084:antacid
1069:Schwarz
1036:History
1019:Unlike
879:gastric
662:Formula
467:DB00927
413:PubChem
301:Rx-only
297: /
240:)
234: (
232:A02BA03
166::
142:a687011
4894:Portal
4858:WHO-EM
4692:Others
4369:OUP-16
4160:Imetit
2870:7 June
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2342:7 June
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2222:
2187:
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1968:RxList
1948:
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1378:
1351:
1285:6 July
960:, and
901:(GERD)
860:
828:or by
820:, and
798:Pepcid
739:SMILES
706:337.44
558:ChEMBL
527:D00318
356:Kidney
332:15–20%
299:
293:
280:
267:
162:
102:
2860:PetMD
2228:S2CID
2185:S2CID
1911:S2CID
1737:S2CID
1694:S2CID
1618:S2CID
1520:S2CID
1392:7 May
1165:Other
925:NSAID
759:InChI
715:JSmol
585:FO9 (
538:ChEBI
4560:(E)/
4496:A02B
4490:and
3934:HTMT
2974:HTMT
2872:2015
2842:2024
2826:PMID
2787:PMID
2738:PMID
2687:PMID
2633:PMID
2581:PMID
2529:PMID
2482:2022
2441:2020
2411:2018
2370:2009
2344:2015
2314:PMID
2277:2009
2220:PMID
2177:PMID
2141:PMID
2092:PMID
2057:PMID
2010:2019
1980:2019
1946:PMID
1930:JAMA
1903:PMID
1868:PMID
1827:PMID
1786:PMID
1729:PMID
1686:PMID
1645:PMID
1610:PMID
1569:PMID
1512:PMID
1477:PMID
1454:2024
1424:2024
1394:2020
1376:ISBN
1349:ISBN
1328:2019
1287:2022
1257:2021
1218:2019
1143:IL-6
1141:and
891:and
881:and
839:and
588:PDBe
518:KEGG
498:UNII
487:3208
447:7074
427:3325
312:data
118:AHFS
2818:doi
2777:PMC
2769:doi
2728:PMC
2718:doi
2677:PMC
2667:doi
2623:PMC
2615:doi
2611:172
2571:PMC
2563:doi
2519:PMC
2509:doi
2464:doi
2304:doi
2212:doi
2169:doi
2131:PMC
2123:doi
2084:doi
2047:PMC
2037:doi
1938:doi
1934:275
1895:doi
1858:doi
1817:doi
1776:PMC
1768:doi
1764:107
1721:doi
1676:doi
1600:doi
1559:PMC
1551:doi
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1504:doi
1075:).
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611:EPA
417:CID
295:OTC
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