2752:
is essential to its mission, is nonetheless open to a new situation. For a whole millennium
Christians were united in ‘a brotherly fraternal communion of faith and sacramental life … If disagreements in belief and discipline arose among them, the Roman See acted by common consent as moderator’. In this way the primacy exercised its office of unity. When addressing the Ecumenical Patriarch His Holiness Dimitrios I, I acknowledged my awareness that, ‘…what should have been a service sometimes manifested itself in a very different light. … I constantly pray the Holy Spirit to shine his light upon us, enlightening all the Pastors and theologians of our Churches, that we may seek – together, of course – the forms in which this ministry may accomplish a service of love recognized by all concerned’. “This is an immense task, which we cannot refuse and which I cannot carry out by myself. Could not the real but imperfect communion existing between us persuade Church leaders and their theologians to engage with me in a patient and fraternal dialogue on this subject, a dialogue in which, leaving useless controversies behind, we could listen to one another, keeping before us only the will of Christ for his Church and allowing ourselves to be deeply moved by his plea ‘that they may all be one … so that the world may believe that you sent me’ (Jn 17.21)?” )(para 95) “The Catholic Church … holds that the communion of the particular Churches with the Church of Rome, and of their Bishops with the Bishop of Rome, is – in God’s plan – an essential requisite for full and visible communion. Indeed, full communion, of which the Eucharist is the highest sacramental manifestation, need to be visibly expressed in a ministry in which all the Bishops recognize that they are united in Christ and all the faithful find confirmation for their faith. The first part of the Acts of the Apostles presents Peter as the one who speaks in the name of the apostolic group and who serves the unity of the community – all the while respecting the authority of James, the head of the Church in Jerusalem.” (para 97)
239:, the union of his two natures in a single person developed as the result of drawing out from the original revealed truth consequences that were not obvious at first: "Thanks to the assistance of the Holy Spirit, the understanding of both the realities and the words of the heritage of faith is able to grow in the life of the Church 'through the contemplation and study of believers who ponder these things in their hearts'; it is in particular 'theological research deepens knowledge of revealed truth'". Accordingly, it would be a mistake to expect to find the modern fully developed doctrine of papal primacy in the first centuries, thereby failing to recognize the Church's historical reality. The figure of the pope as leader of the worldwide church developed over time, as the figure of the bishop as leader of the local church seems to have appeared later than in the time of the apostles.
991:, the Anglican Church has never abandoned a possible role for the Roman primacy, so long as the ministry of the Bishop of Rome is rightly understood, interpreted, and implemented. The ministry of the Bishop of Rome should not be an obstacle, but rather should function as a possible instrument of ultimate Christian unity. Orthodox Anglicanism today acknowledges that the ministry of the papacy is evolving rapidly and could someday be received by the Anglican Church as means tending toward the reconciliation of all Churches. A de facto recognition of the historic papal ministry already exists within the Anglican Communion, which has consistently maintained throughout her history that the Roman Pontiff possesses a station of primus inter pares, ‘first amongst equals,’ a primacy of honour and reverence, though not of jurisdiction or personal infallibility.
1543:"Victor, who presided over the church at Rome, immediately attempted to cut off from the common unity the parishes of all Asia, with the churches that agreed with them, as heterodox; and he wrote letters and declared all the brethren there wholly excommunicate. But this did not please all the bishops. And they besought him to consider the things of peace, and of neighborly unity and love. Words of theirs are extant, sharply rebuking Victor. Among them was Irenæus, who, sending letters in the name of the brethren in Gaul over whom he presided, maintained that the mystery of the resurrection of the Lord should be observed only on the Lord's day. He fittingly admonishes Victor that he should not cut off whole churches of God which observed the tradition of an ancient custom."
433:
all refer not simply to the historical Peter, but to his successors to the end of time. Today, scriptural scholars of all traditions agree that we can discern in the New
Testament an early tradition which attributes a special position to Peter among Christ's twelve apostles. The Church built its identity on them as witnesses, and responsibility for pastoral leadership was not restricted to Peter. In Matthew 16:19, Peter is explicitly commissioned to "bind and loose"; later, in Matthew 18:18, Christ directly promises all the disciples that they will do the same. Similarly, the foundation upon which the Church is built is related to Peter in Matthew 16:16, and to the whole apostolic body elsewhere in the New Testament (cf. Eph. 2:10).
3162:"He has given, therefore, the keys to His Church, that whatsoever it should bind on earth might be bound in heaven, and whatsoever it should loose on earth might be, loosed in heaven; that is to say, that whosoever in the Church should not believe that his sins are remitted, they should not be remitted to him; but that whosoever should believe and should repent, and turn from his sins, should be saved by the same faith and repentance on the ground of which he is received into the bosom of the Church. For he who does not believe that his sins can be pardoned, falls into despair, and becomes worse as if no greater good remained for him than to be evil, when he has ceased to have faith in the results of his own repentance."
3027:"He has given, therefore, the keys to His Church, that whatsoever it should bind on earth might be bound in heaven, and whatsoever it should loose on earth might be, loosed in heaven; that is to say, that whosoever in the Church should not believe that his sins are remitted, they should not be remitted to him; but that whosoever should believe and should repent, and turn from his sins, should be saved by the same faith and repentance on the ground of which he is received into the bosom of the Church. For he who does not believe that his sins can be pardoned, falls into despair, and becomes worse as if no greater good remained for him than to be evil, when he has ceased to have faith in the results of his own repentance."
1640:"The East never accepted the regular jurisdiction of Rome, nor did it submit to the judgment of Western bishops. Its appeals to Rome for help were not connected with a recognition of the principle of Roman jurisdiction but were based on the view that Rome had the same truth, the same good. The East jealously protected its autonomous way of life. Rome intervened to safeguard the observation of legal rules, to maintain the orthodoxy of faith and to ensure communion between the two parts of the church, the Roman see representing and personifying the West...In according Rome a ‘primacy of honour’, the East avoided basing this primacy on the succession and the still living presence of the apostle Peter. A
1084:
apostolic times, the Church of Rome has been recognised as the first among the local
Churches, both in the East and in the West." Both sides agree that "the primacy of the see precedes the primacy of its bishops and is the source of the latter". While in the West, "the position of the bishop of Rome among the bishops was understood in terms of the position of Peter among the apostles ... the East tended rather to understand each bishop as the successor of all the apostles, including Peter"; but these rather different understandings "co-existed for several centuries until the end of the first millennium, without causing a break of communion".
3175:"...Peter, the first of the apostles, receive the keys of the kingdom of heaven for the binding and loosing of sins; and for the same congregation of saints, in reference to the perfect repose in the bosom of that mysterious life to come did the evangelist John recline on the breast of Christ. For it is not the former alone but the whole Church, that bindeth and looseth sins; nor did the latter alone drink at the fountain of the Lord's breast, to emit again in preaching, of the Word in the beginning, God with God, and those other sublime truths regarding the divinity of Christ, and the Trinity and Unity of the whole Godhead."
3040:"...Peter, the first of the apostles, receive the keys of the kingdom of heaven for the binding and loosing of sins; and for the same congregation of saints, in reference to the perfect repose in the bosom of that mysterious life to come did the evangelist John recline on the breast of Christ. For it is not the former alone but the whole Church, that bindeth and looseth sins; nor did the latter alone drink at the fountain of the Lord's breast, to emit again in preaching, of the Word in the beginning, God with God, and those other sublime truths regarding the divinity of Christ, and the Trinity and Unity of the whole Godhead."
548:
1504:
our God, which also presides in the place of the region of the Romans, worthy of God, worthy of honour, worthy of the highest happiness, worthy of praise, worthy of obtaining her every desire, worthy of being deemed holy, and which presides over love, is named from Christ, and from the Father, which I also salute in the name of Jesus Christ, the Son of the Father: to those who are united, both according to the flesh and spirit, to every one of His commandments; who are filled inseparably with the grace of God, and are purified from every strange taint, abundance of happiness unblameably, in Jesus Christ our God.
9298:
3254:"This (James) was bishop, as they say, and therefore he speaks last...There was no arrogance in the Church. After Peter, Paul speaks, and none silences him: James waits patiently; not starts up (for the next word). No word speaks John here, no word the other Apostles, but held their peace, for James was invested with the chief rule, and think it no hardship. So clean was their soul from love of glory. Peter indeed spoke more strongly, but James here more mildly: for thus it behooves one in high authority, to leave what is unpleasant for others to say, while he himself appears in the milder part." John Chrysostom
3404:"And do ye also reverence your bishop as Christ Himself, according as the blessed apostles have enjoined you. He that is within the altar is pure, wherefore also he is obedient to the bishop and presbyters: but he that is without is one that does anything apart from the bishop, the presbyters, and the deacons. Such a person is defiled in his conscience, and is worse than an infidel. For what is the bishop but one who beyond all others possesses all power and authority, so far as it is possible for a man to possess it who according to his ability has been made an imitator of the Christ of God?" Ignatius
409:
bishops of Rome relied on a letter written in 416 by
Innocent I to the Bishop of Gubbio, to show how subordination to Rome had been established. Since Peter was the only apostle (no mention of Paul) to have worked in the West, thus the only persons to have established churches in Italy, Spain, Gaul, Sicily, Africa, and the Western islands were bishops appointed by Peter or his successors. This being the case then, all congregations had to abide by the regulations set in Rome. This claim to primacy may have been accepted in Italy, but was not so readily accepted in the rest of the West.
1682:"Contrary to popular opinion, the word catholic does not mean "universal"; it means "whole, complete, lacking nothing." ...Thus , to confess the Church to be catholic is to say that She possesses the fullness of the Christian faith. To say, however, that Orthodox and Rome constitute two lungs of the same Church is to deny that either Church separately is catholic in any meaningful sense of the term. This is not only contrary to the teaching of Orthodoxy, it is flatly contrary to the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church, which considered itself truly catholic"
247:, who summed up his thought by saying: "Developments of Christianity are proved to have been in the contemplation of its Divine Author, by an argument parallel to that by which we infer intelligence in the system of the physical world. In whatever sense the need and its supply are a proof of design in the physical creation, in the same do gaps, if the word may be used, which occur in the structure of the original creed of the Church, make it probable that those developments, which grow out of the truths which lie around them, were intended to complete it."
636:"Christians" {7} (as well as "Catholic") and, with Alexandria, was an important early center of Christian thought. It is important to note, however, that the three main apostolic sees of the early Church (i.e. Antioch, Alexandria, and Rome) were directly related to Peter. Prior to holding the position of Bishop of Rome, Peter was the Bishop of Antioch. And his disciple, St. Mark the Evangelist, founded the church in Alexandria. Constantinople became highly important after Constantine moved his capital there in 330 AD.
399:
the part of arbiter, settling contentious issues by witnessing to the truth or falsity of whatever doctrine was put before them. Rome was truly the centre where all converged if they wanted their doctrine to be accepted by the conscience of the Church. They could not count upon success except on one condition -- that the Church of Rome had received their doctrine -- and refusal from Rome predetermined the attitude the other churches would adopt. There are numerous cases of this recourse to Rome...
3132:"This faith it is which is the foundation of the Church; through this faith the gates of hell cannot prevail against her. This is the faith which has the keys of the kingdom of heaven. Whatsoever this faith shall have loosed or bound on earth shall be loosed or bound in heaven. This faith is the Father's gift by revelation; even the knowledge that we must not imagine a false Christ, a creature made out of nothing, but must confess Him the Son of God, truly possessed of the Divine nature."
2997:"This faith it is which is the foundation of the Church; through this faith the gates of hell cannot prevail against her. This is the faith which has the keys of the kingdom of heaven. Whatsoever this faith shall have loosed or bound on earth shall be loosed or bound in heaven. This faith is the Father's gift by revelation; even the knowledge that we must not imagine a false Christ, a creature made out of nothing, but must confess Him the Son of God, truly possessed of the Divine nature."
333:, according to St. Ignatius of Antioch. This formula and the definition of the universal primacy contained in it have been aptly analyzed by Fr Afanassieff and we need not repeat his argument here. Neither can we quote here all testimonies of the fathers and the councils unanimously acknowledging Rome as the senior church and the center of ecumenical agreement. It is only for the sake of biased polemics that one can ignore these testimonies, their consensus and significance."
263:(the name of Clement was added only later), in which the Church of Rome intervenes in matters of the Church of Corinth, admonishing it in authoritative tones, even speaking in the name of God. It was only later that the expression of Saint Ignatius could be interpreted as meaning, as agreed by representatives of both the Roman Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox Churches, that "Rome, as the Church that 'presides in love' according to the phrase of St Ignatius of Antioch (
8036:
6052:
128:
10711:
9310:
8025:
6827:
6041:
1098:
1536:), not necessarily on Sunday. "Bishop Victor of Rome ordered synods to be held to settle the matter – an interesting early instance of synodality and indeed of popes encouraging synods – and excommunicated Polycrates of Ephesus and the bishops of Asia when their synod refused to adopt the Roman line. Victor was rebuked by Irenaeus for this severity and it seems that he revoked his sentence and that communion was preserved."
2575:, Histoire de la dédicace de Saint-Remy, a c. di J. Hourier, in La champagne benedictine. Contribution a l’année saint Benoit (480-1980), Reims 1981 (Travaux de l’Académie Nationale de Reims 160), 240. See Michele Giuseppe D'Agostino, Il Primato della Sede di Roma in Leone IX. Studio dei testi latini nella controversia greco-romana nel periodo pregregoriano, Edizioni San Paolo, Cinisello Balsamo 2008, 124-127.
346:
consciousness of the
Primacy of the Roman Bishops, and of the recognition of the Primacy by the other churches appear at the end of the 1st century…St. Ignatius elevated the Roman community over all the communities using in his epistle a solemn form of address. Twice he says of it that it is the presiding community, which expresses a relationship of superiority and inferiority.
966:, but since communion with the Roman Pontiff is one of the internal constitutive principles of a particular Church, they lack something in their condition, while on the other hand the existing division means that the fullness of universality that is proper to the Church governed by the successor of St Peter and the bishops in communion with him is not now realised in history.
796:, a convert to the cause of union. In spite of a sustained campaign by Bekkos to defend the union intellectually, and vigorous and brutal repression of opponents by Michael, the vast majority of Byzantine Christians remained implacably opposed to union with the Latin "heretics". Michael's death in December 1282 put an end to the union of Lyon. His son and successor
626:"The see of blessed Peter the Apostle has the right to unbind what has been bound by sentences of any pontiffs whatever, in that it has the right to judge the whole church. Neither is it lawful for anyone to judge its judgment, seeing that canons have willed that it might be appealed to from any part of the world, but that no one may be allowed to appeal from it."
2343:
739:. However, as the pope was already dead by this time, the powers of the Legate also ceased at the moment of the pope's death; so the Legate's excommunication was technically invalid. Similarly, the ceremony of excommunication of the pope performed by Michael I was equally invalid as one cannot be posthumously excommunicated. This event resulted in the
2232:.2: the "...Church founded and organized at Rome by the two most glorious apostles, Peter and Paul; as also the faith preached to men, which comes down to our time by means of the successions of the bishops. ...The blessed apostles, then, having founded and built up the Church, committed into the hands of Linus the office of the episcopate."
605:(401-417) claimed that all major cases should be reserved to the see of Rome and wrote: "All must preserve that which Peter the prince of the apostles delivered to the church at Rome and which it has watched over until now, and nothing may be added or introduced that lacks this authority or that derives its pattern from somewhere else."
1071:, a matter that was already understood in different ways in the first millennium"; and "while the fact of primacy at the universal level is accepted by both East and West, there are differences of understanding with regard to the manner in which it is to be exercised, and also with regard to its scriptural and theological foundations".
378:(d.258) stressed the Petrine primacy as well as the unity of the Church and the importance of being in communion with the bishops. For him, "the Bishop of Rome is the direct heir of Peter, whereas the others are heirs only indirectly", and he insisted that "the Church of Rome is the root and matrix of the Catholic Church".
1690:"The body of Christ must always be equal with itself…The local church which manifests the body of Christ cannot be subsumed into any larger organisation or collectivity which makes it more catholic and more in unity, for the simple reason that the principle of total catholicity and total unity is already intrinsic to it."
444:
sense that the historical and sociological factors that influenced its development are seen as guided by the Holy Spirit. Not all Roman
Catholic theologians see a special providential providence as responsible for the result, but most see the papacy, regardless of its origin, as now essential to the Church's structure.
909:, the Roman Catholic Church's teaching on the authority of the pope, bishops and councils was further elaborated. Vatican II sought to correct the unbalanced ecclesiology left behind by Vatican I. The result is the body of teaching about the papacy and episcopacy contained in the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church,
581:, as was the case also when Gregory the Great recognized it as one of the four general councils, but only in its dogmatic utterances. In Roman Catholic doctrine no council, regardless of who summoned it or who presided over it, is ecumenical unless it is confirmed or at least recognized as such by the pope.
1503:
Ignatius, who is also called
Theophorus, to the Church which has obtained mercy, through the majesty of the Most High Father, and Jesus Christ, His only-begotten Son; the Church which is beloved and enlightened by the will of Him that willeth all things which are according to the love of Jesus Christ
916:
Vatican II reaffirmed everything
Vatican I taught about papal primacy and infallibility, but it added important points about bishops. Bishops, it says, are not "vicars of the Roman Pontiff." Rather, in governing their local churches they are "vicars and legates of Christ". Together, they form a body,
398:
This passage in
Irenaeus illuminates the meaning of his remarks about the Church of Rome: if there are disputes in a local church, that church should have recourse to the Roman Church, for there is contained the Tradition which is preserved by all the churches. Rome's vocation consisted in playing
328:
It is impossible to deny that, even before the appearance of local primacies, the Church from the first days of her existence possessed an ecumenical center of unity and agreement. In the apostolic and Judeo-Christian period, it was the Church of
Jerusalem, and later the Church of Rome – presiding in
1456:
For Ignatius each church under a bishop is complete – the original meaning of "catholic". For Ignatius the church is a world-wide unity of many communities. Each has at its center a bishop "who draws together the local community in the Eucharistic celebration." This then is the unity of the church –
1083:
The meeting in Cyprus of a joint drafting committee produced a historical account of "The Role of the Bishop of Rome in the Communion of the Church in the First Millennium", which the Vienna meeting asked to be revised and amplified. This document states that "Catholics and Orthodox agree that, from
408:
The evolution of earlier tradition established both Peter and Paul as the forefathers of the bishops of Rome, from whom they received their position as chief shepherd (Peter) and supreme authority on doctrine (Paul). To establish her primacy among the churches of the Western half of the empire, the
2751:
Ut Unum Sint, paras 95-95: “I am convinced that I have a particular responsibility …above all in acknowledging the ecumenical aspirations of the majority of the Christian Communities and in heeding the request made of me to find a way of exercising the primacy which, while in no way renouncing what
1761:
In opposition to this view, Francis Dvornik asserts that not only did Damasus offer "no protest against the elevation of Constantinople", that change in the primacy of the major sees was effected in an "altogether friendly atmosphere." According to Dvornik, "Everyone continued to regard the Bishop
1185:
It is argued that Matthew 16:18-19 does not support the authority given to Peter and that the keys were given not to Peter alone but to the whole church. Some consider that Jesus was considering the proclamation made my Peter to be the rock and foundation of the faith. Others say that even if Peter
1046:
The document "draws an analogy among the three levels of communion: local, regional, and universal, each of which appropriately has a 'first' with the role of fostering communion, in order to ground the rationale of why the universal level must also have a primacy. It articulates the principle that
443:
Because of its association with the supposed position of Peter among the Apostles, the function that within the Roman Catholic Church is exercised by the Bishop of Rome among the Bishops as a whole is referred to as the Petrine function, and is generally believed to be of divine institution, in the
242:
That the Christian scriptures, which contain no cut-and-dried answers to questions such as whether there is forgiveness for post-baptismal sins or whether infants should be baptized, gradually become clearer in the light of events is a view expressed, when considering the doctrine of papal primacy,
1162:
efforts between the Roman Catholic Church and the other Christian churches. Most Eastern Orthodox Christians, for example, would be quite willing to accord the Bishop of Rome the same respect, deference and authority as is accorded to any Eastern Orthodox patriarch, but resist granting him special
886:
Paul Collins argues that "(the doctrine of papal primacy as formulated by the First Vatican Council) has led to the exercise of untrammelled papal power and has become a major stumbling block in ecumenical relationships with the Orthodox (who consider the definition to be heresy) and Protestants."
475:
of the Roman see. Although the introduction of Christianity was not due to them, "the arrival, ministries and especially the martyrdoms of Peter and Paul were the seminal events which really constituted the Church of Rome. It was from their time, and not before, that an orderly and meetly ordained
432:
Classic Roman Catholic tradition maintained that the universal primacy of the bishop of Rome was divinely instituted by Jesus Christ. This was derived from the Petrine texts, and from the gospel accounts of Matthew (16:17‑19), Luke (22:32) and John (21:15‑17) according to the Roman tradition, they
319:
While the doctrine of the primacy of the Bishop of Rome, in the form in which it is upheld today in the Roman Catholic Church, developed over the course of centuries often in reaction to challenges made against exercises of authority by popes, writers both of East and West declare that from a very
205:" ("first among equals"), without effective power over other churches, while others see primacy as indeed power, the expression, manifestation and realization in one bishop of the power of all the bishops, an expression and manifestation of the unity not just of the churches but of the Church. The
617:
in 451. In line with the norm of Roman law that a person's legal rights and duties passed to his heir, Pope Leo (440-461) taught that he, as Peter's representative, succeeded to the power and authority of Peter, and he implied that it was through Peter that the other apostles received from Christ
584:
The increasing involvement of Eastern emperors in church matters and the advancement of the see of Constantinopolis over the sees of Antioch, Alexandria and Jerusalem led successive bishops of Rome to attempt a sharper definition of their ecclesial position vis-a-vis the other bishops. The first
258:
addressed to it in the first years of the 2nd century, contains a definition of that Church's universal primacy; but the Roman Catholic writer Klaus Schatz warns that it would be wrong to read as statements of the developed Roman Catholic teaching on papal primacy this letter and the even earlier
920:
In a key passage about collegiality, Vatican II teaches: "The order of bishops is the successor to the college of the apostles in their role as teachers and pastors, and in it the apostolic college is perpetuated. Together with their head, the Supreme Pontiff, and never apart from him, they have
917:
a "college," whose head is the pope. This episcopal college is responsible for the well-being of the Universal Church. Here in a nutshell are the basic elements of the Council’s much-discussed communio ecclesiology, which affirms the importance of local churches and the doctrine of collegiality.
423:
The presence of Peter in Rome, not explicitly affirmed in but consistent with the New Testament, is explicitly affirmed by Clement of Rome, Ignatius of Antioch, Irenaeus of Lyon and other early Christian writers. and no other city has ever claimed to be the place of his death. The same witnesses
1702:
It is the position of Orthodox Christianity that Roman Catholic arguments in support of the teaching have relied on proofs from Fathers that have either been misinterpreted or so taken out of context as to misrepresent their true intent. It is the position of Orthodox Christianity that a closer
890:
Forced to break off prematurely by secular political developments in 1870, Vatican I left behind it a somewhat unbalanced ecclesiology. "In theology the question of papal primacy was so much in the foreground that the Church appeared essentially as a centrally directed institution which one was
217:
In 2007, representatives of the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church jointly stated that both East and West accept the fact of the Bishop of Rome's primacy at the universal level, but that differences of understanding exist about how the primacy is to be exercised and about its
576:
in the following year 382 protested against this raising of the bishop of the new imperial capital, just fifty years old, to a status higher than that of the bishops of Alexandria and Antioch, and stated that the primacy of the Roman see was established by no gathering of bishops but by Christ
3234:
This James, whom the early Christians surnamed the Righteous because of his outstanding virtue, was the first, as the records tell us, to be elected to the Episcopal throne of the Jerusalem church. Clement, in Outlines Book VI, puts it thus: "Peter, James, and John, after the Ascension of the
2469:
2375:
Pope Damasus offered no protest against the elevation of Constantinople, even though Alexandria had always been, in the past, in close contact with Rome. This event, which has often been considered the first conflict between Rome and Byzantium, actually took place in an altogether friendly
635:
Rome was not the only city that could claim a special role in Christ's Church. Jerusalem had the prestige of being the city of Christ's death and resurrection, and an important church council was held there in the 1st century. Antioch was the place where Jesus' followers were first called
345:
The doctrine of the primacy of the Roman Bishops, like other Church teachings and instructions, has gone through a development. Thus the establishment of the primacy recorded in the Gospels has been gradually more clearly recognized and its implications developed. Clear recognition of the
1175:
The topic of the Papacy and its authority is among the main differences between the Catholic Church and many other Christian denominations. The Bible is considered to be the sole authority on Christian doctrine and theology, and that interpretation does not lie solely with one individual
996:"Communion with the bishop of Rome does not imply submission to an authority which would stifle the distinctive features of the local churches. The purpose of the episcopal function of the bishop of Rome is to promote Christian fellowship in faithfulness to the teaching of the apostles."
1246:
It has been argued that Church councils did not consider papal decisions binding. The Third Ecumenical Council was called, even though Pope Celestine I condemned Nestorius as a heretic which Whelton argues shows that the council did not consider the papal condemnation as definitive.
743:
of the Greek rite and Latin rite Churches. It did not have the effect of excommunicating the adherents of the respective Churches however, as the tit-for-tat excommunications, even had they been valid, would have applied to the named persons only, not the people of God in general.
878:
Vatican I defined a twofold Primacy of Peter — one in papal teaching on faith and morals (the charism of infallibility), and the other a primacy of jurisdiction involving government and discipline of the Church — submission to both being necessary to Catholic faith and salvation.
3149:) the Son of thunder, the beloved of Christ, the pillar of the Churches throughout the world, who holds the keys of heaven, who drank the cup of Christ, and was baptized with His baptism, who lay upon his Master’s bosom, with much confidence, this man now comes forward to us now"
3014:) the Son of thunder, the beloved of Christ, the pillar of the Churches throughout the world, who holds the keys of heaven, who drank the cup of Christ, and was baptized with His baptism, who lay upon his Master’s bosom, with much confidence, this man now comes forward to us now"
555:
The event that is often considered to have been the first conflict between Rome and Constantinople was triggered by the elevation of the see of Constantinople to a position of honour, second only to Rome on the grounds that, as capital of the eastern Roman empire, it was now the
2452:"Paschasinus, the most reverend bishop and legate of the Apostolic See, stood up in the midst with his most reverend colleagues and said: We received directions at the hands of the most blessed and apostolic bishop of the Roman city, which is the head of all the churches, ..." (
1447:
The ruling of the Council was expressed as being the decision of all the council, not just Peter. Continuing with this the opening statements of official formulations normally begins with the phrase "Following the Holy Fathers", not "Following the ruling of the Pope."
358:, to explain the fact of this generally recognized presiding or primatial position of the Church of Rome. The Church of Rome also appealed to it as justification for certain actions that it took in relation to other Churches, actions that often met with resistance.
2153:
1036:
1074:
Discussions continued in Aghios Nikolaos, Crete (a drafting committee) in September–October 2008, Paphos, Cyprus in October 2009 and Vienna, Austria in September 2010. Igumen Filipp Ryabykh, the deputy head of the MP Department for External Church Relations said
1150:
Stephen Ray asserts that "There is little in the history of the Church that has been more heatedly contested than the primacy of Peter and the See of Rome. History is replete with examples of authority spurned, and the history of the Church is no different."
3498:
Joint Coordinating Committee for the Theological Dialogue between the Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church (Aghios Nikolaos, Crete, Greece, 27 September - 4 October 2008), "The Role of the Bishop of Rome in the Communion of the Church in the First
871:, the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church of Christ of Vatican Council I. This document declares that “in the disposition of God the Roman church holds the preeminence of ordinary power over all the other churches.” This council also affirmed the dogma of
1473:"In like manner, let all reverence the deacons as an appointment of Jesus Christ, and the bishop as Jesus Christ, who is the Son of the Father, and the presbyters as the Sanhedrin of God, and assembly of the apostles. Apart from these, there is no Church."
10738:
1047:
primacy and conciliarity are interdependent and mutually necessary." Speaking of "fraternal relations between bishops" during the first millennium, it states that "these relations, among the bishops themselves, between the bishops and their respective
370:(254-257). The timing of the claim is significant, for it was made during the worst of the tumults of the third century. There were several persecutions during this century which hit the Church of Rome hard; Stephen himself and his immediate successor
791:
The council was seemingly a success, but did not provide a lasting solution to the schism; the Emperor was anxious to heal the schism, but the Eastern clergy proved to be obstinate. Patriarch Joseph of Constantinople abdicated, and was replaced by
1079:"The fact that the Pope of Rome claims universal jurisdiction is simply contrary to Orthodox ecclesiology, which teaches that the Orthodox Church, whilst preserving unity of faith and church order, nevertheless consists of several Local Churches"
1059:) witnessed by the ancient Church, nourished and consolidated ecclesial communion. It notes that both sides agree "that Rome, as the church that 'presides in love' according to the phrase of St Ignatius of Antioch, occupied the first place in the
882:
Vatican I rejected the ideas that papal decrees have "no force or value unless confirmed by an order of the secular power" and that the pope’s decisions can be appealed to an ecumenical council "as to an authority higher than the Roman Pontiff."
983:(ARCIC) statement of Venice (1976) states that the ministry of the bishop of Rome among his brother bishops was "interpreted" as Christ's will for his Church; its Importance was compared "by analogy" to the position of Peter among the apostles.
1807:
The question of the primacy of the Roman pope has been and remains, together with the question of the Filioque, one of the main causes of separation between the Latin Church and the Orthodox churches and one of the principal obstacles to their
921:
supreme and full authority over the Universal Church; but this power cannot be exercised without the agreement of the Roman Pontiff". Much of the present discussion of papal primacy is concerned with exploring the implications of this passage.
3119:"What, now, (has this to do) with the Church, and) your (church), indeed, Psychic? For, in accordance with the person of Peter, it is to spiritual men that this power will correspondently appertain, either to an apostle or else to a prophet."
2984:"What, now, (has this to do) with the Church, and) your (church), indeed, Psychic? For, in accordance with the person of Peter, it is to spiritual men that this power will correspondently appertain, either to an apostle or else to a prophet."
1163:
authority over all Christians. Many Protestants are quite willing to grant the pope a position of special moral leadership, feel that according to the pope any more formal authority than that would conflict with the Protestant principle of
659:(440-461), with the aid of Roman law, solidified this doctrine by making the bishop of Rome the legal heir of Peter. Leo argued that the apostle Peter continued to speak to the Christian community through his successors as bishop of Rome.
655:) asserts that every bishop of Rome, as Peter’s successor, possesses the full authority granted to this position and that this power is inviolable on the grounds that it was established by God himself and so not bound to any individual.
538:
proclaimed the Roman bishop as "Rector of the whole Church". The Emperor Justinian, who was living in the East in Constantinople, in the 6th century published a similar decree. These proclamations did not create the office of the pope.
213:
united with the pope. The power that it attributes to the pope's primatial authority has limitations that are official, legal, dogmatic, and practical, and "it is an error to think that every word uttered by the Pope is infallible".
3205:"How the Church? Why, to her it was said, "To thee I will give the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatsoever thou shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven, and whatsoever thou shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven."
3070:"How the Church? Why, to her it was said, "To thee I will give the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatsoever thou shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven, and whatsoever thou shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven."
424:
imply that Peter was the virtual founder of the Church of Rome, though not its founder in the sense of initiating a Christian community there. They also speak of Peter as the one who initiated its episcopal succession, but speak of
226:
The Roman Catholic Church accepts that "the New Testament texts offer no sufficient basis for papal primacy" and that they contain "no explicit record of a transmission of Peter's leadership".. It considers that its doctrine has a
2762:
North American Orthodox-Catholic Theological Consultation, "A Common Response to the Joint International Commission for the Theological Dialogue Between the Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church Regarding the Ravenna
1027:, John Paul II asked the ‘pastors and theologians’ of ‘our Churches’ – i.e., the RC and the Orthodox Church – to come up with suggestions about how the primacy could be exercised in ways that would unite rather than divide.
508:
gave approval to a church arrangement whereby the bishops of an imperial province were headed by the bishop (known as the "metropolitan") of the principal city. This added to the power of the bishops of important cities.
609:(418-422) stated that the church of Rome stood to the churches throughout the world "as the head to the members", a statement that seems to have been already made by Pope Siricius and was repeated by the delegates of
1457:
each church united to its bishop -each of these churches united to each other. There is no evidence of him accepting a single supreme bishop-of-bishops as the bishops authority is localised to a particular church.
6088:
577:
himself. Thomas Shahan says that, according to Photius too, Pope Damasus approved the council, but he adds that, if any part of the council were approved by this pope, it could have been only its revision of the
386:" (the see of the Apostle Peter). To uphold its primacy, the prestige of the city itself was no longer sufficient, but in the doctrine of apostolic succession (from Peter) the popes had an unassailable position.
279:
In the history of the East and of the West, at least until the ninth century, a series of prerogatives was recognised, always in the context of conciliarity, according to the conditions of the times, for the
2584:
Michele Giuseppe D'Agostino, Il Primato della Sede di Roma in Leone IX (1049-1054). Studio dei testi latini nella controversia greco-romana nel periodo pregregoriano, Edizioni San Paolo, Cinisello Balsamo
800:
repudiated the union, and Bekkos was forced to abdicate, being eventually exiled and imprisoned until his death in 1297. He is to this day reviled by many in the Eastern Church as a traitor to Orthodoxy.
3420:. "Ignatius, who is also called Theophorus, to Polycarp, Bishop of the Church of the Smyrnæans, or rather, who has, as his own bishop, God the Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ: abundance of happiness"
1039:, a joint commission of Orthodox and Catholic theologians, agreed that the pope has primacy among all bishops of the Church, something which has been universally acknowledged by both churches since the
529:
The power of the Bishop of Rome increased as the power of the Emperors gradually diminshed and the imperial authorities tried to bolster their waning power with religious support. Edicts of the Emperor
1587:
3378:"As therefore the Lord does nothing without the Father, for says He, "I can of mine own self do nothing," so do ye, neither presbyter, nor deacon, nor layman, do anything without the bishop" Ignatius
1598:
Disagreements with directives of the popes by groups and high-ranking individuals of Roman Catholic tradition are by no means limited to past centuries. A well-known continuing example is that of the
209:
attributes to the primacy in question as involving "full, supreme, and universal power over the whole Church, a power which he can always exercise unhindered", a power that it attributes also to
2562:
J. Hortal Sanchez, De initio potestatis primatialis Romani Pontificis. Investigatio historico-juridica a tempore Sancti Gregori Magni usque ad tempus Clementis V, Analecta Gregoriana, Roma 1965.
1357:- wrote an appeal for help to three western churchmen. While one of these was the bishop of Rome, had Rome exercised primacy at that time, he would not have written to the other two bishops.
517:
The bishops of Rome sent letters which, though largely ineffectual, provided historical precedents which were subsequently used by supporters of papal primacy. These letters were known as ‘
6081:
1671:
leader of the entire church. All bishops are equal 'as Peter' therefore every church under every bishop (consecrated in apostolic succession) is fully complete (the original meaning of
4728:
4565:
788:
in St John's Church, where both sides took part. The council declared that the Roman church possessed “the supreme and full primacy and authority over the universal Catholic Church.”
1582:
Decisions taken by popes in cases involving against bishops have often been confirmed by ecumenical councils. This indicates that the papal decision itself is not considered binding.
6074:
428:
as the first "bishop", while it is commonly held today that the Christians in Rome did not act a single united community under a single leader until some time in the 2nd century.
9086:
585:
documented use of the description of Saint Peter as first bishop of Rome, rather than as the apostle who commissioned its first bishop, dates from 354, and the phrase "the
1627:
1203:
1067:(first) among the patriarchs. They disagree, however, on the interpretation of the historical evidence from this era regarding the prerogatives of the bishop of Rome as
2773:
10758:
3432:– Eulogy "...when Peter was about to depart from here, the grace of the Spirit introduced another teacher equivalent to Peter..."Eulogy quoted in Abbé Guettée (1866).
8975:
7236:
4320:
1951:"It is not a greater difficulty that St. Ignatius did not write to the Asian Greeks about Popes, than that St. Paul did not write to the Corinthians about Bishops" (
2025:
1905:
8072:
5735:
1703:
examination of those supposed supports would have the effect of either not supporting the argument or have the opposite effect of supporting the counter-argument.
1186:
is the "rock", it does not support exclusive authority and Peter himself believed Jesus to be the cornerstone of the church (1 Peter 2:7). It is noted that at the
1288:
Each bishop has the right to decide affairs within his local church. In the event of a dispute with another bishop, only a general council may rule on the matter.
2572:
314:
3957:
9347:
9282:
9277:
4350:
1438:
for gentiles.) Catholic historians note that when Peter spoke, all were silent. However Whelton notes that when Paul and James spoke, all were silent as well.
694:
195:, differences in interpretation of this doctrine have been and remain the primary causes of schism between the Western and Eastern Orthodox churches. In the
3529:
1477:
There is no reference to another tier above bishop. For Ignatius, the bishop is supreme, not the bishop because he is in communion with the bishop in Rome.
7271:
5655:
2838:
2680:
2271:
698:
639:
As early as the 2nd century, the bishop of Rome began to claim his supremacy over all other bishops, and some church fathers also made this claim for him.
1952:
6590:
4753:
1819:
1865:
8626:
8106:
2199:
382:(366-384) was the first pope to claim that the primacy of the Church of Rome rested on Peter alone, and the first to refer to the Roman church as "the
2138:
9001:
6531:
6101:
5220:
521:’ from at least the time of Siricius (384-399) to Leo I provided general guidelines to follow which later would become incorporated into canon law.
304:
among the patriarchs. This distinction of levels does not diminish the sacramental equality of every bishop or the catholicity of each local Church.
9076:
4006:
980:
702:
1532:
There existed a difference in how some local churches celebrated Easter: in the Roman province of Asia it was celebrated on the 14th of the moon (
5541:
950:
in the sacrament of orders are not "Churches" in the proper sense. The Eastern Christian Church that are not in communion with Rome, such as the
1461:"Just as the Father is the principal of unity within the Holy Trinity, so the bishop is the center of the visible unity of the Church on earth."
3573:
Carlton, C., (1999), "The Truth: What Every Roman Catholic Should know about the Orthodox Church", (Regina Orthodox Press; Salisbury, MA), p22.
1785:
The Petrine ministry: Catholics and Orthodox in dialogue : academic symposium held at the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity
1423:
3365:"He who honors the bishop has been honored by God; he who does anything without the knowledge of the bishop, does serve the devil." Ignatius
2256:
1971:
9365:
8386:
8113:
7739:
6862:
5933:
5720:
4723:
4060:
601:(384-399) began the custom of issuing papal decretals to which was attributed the same authority as that of decisions by synods of bishops.
8065:
6145:
4603:
3235:
Saviour, did not claim pre-eminence because the Saviour had especially honored them, but chose James the Righteous as Bishop of Jerusalem.
10753:
9418:
8659:
8152:
5272:
5015:
4553:
3622:(Political Theory, Theology, and Ecclesiastical Relations with the See of Rome, Ashgate Publications, Variorum Collected Studies Series).
2617:
2241:
1223:
the keys were given not only to Peter but to all the Apostles equally. Such an interpretation, it is claimed, has been accepted by many
875:, deciding that the “infallibility” of the Christian community extended to the pope himself, at least when speaking on matters of faith.
3840:
Ray, S. K., (1999) Upon this rock: St. Peter and the primacy of Rome in scripture and the early church, (Ignatius Press; San Francisco).
2080:
300:
of each of the five patriarchates, with regard to the metropolitans of each circumscription; and universally, for the bishop of Rome as
9340:
9041:
8340:
7695:
5928:
4957:
4860:
3391:"For your justly-renowned presbytery, being worthy of God, is fitted as exactly to the bishop as the strings are to the harp." Ignatius
3209:. Homily X.10 cited in Whelton, M., (1998) Two Paths: Papal Monarchy - Collegial Tradition, (Regina Orthodox Press; Salisbury, MA), p28
3074:. Homily X.10 cited in Whelton, M., (1998) Two Paths: Papal Monarchy - Collegial Tradition, (Regina Orthodox Press; Salisbury, MA), p28
2214:
939:
777:, Gregory X had sent an embassy to Michael VIII Palaeologus, who had reconquered Constantinople, putting an end to the remnants of the
813:
began preaching against several practices in the Catholic Church, including some itinerant friars' abuses involving indulgences. When
7246:
6176:
5893:
5755:
4673:
1830:
106:
94:
8794:
7198:
7150:
4268:
1997:
8058:
5840:
4934:
8488:
8430:
7128:
7118:
6882:
4168:
4163:
2170:
1354:
1264:
or primacy attaches to Paul, then it is not from his co-foundation of the church of Rome that the Roman Pontiff claims primacy.
110:
90:
1979:
832:
also broke away from the Catholic Church at this time, although for reasons different than Martin Luther and the Protestants.
102:
9333:
7707:
6186:
6181:
5872:
5820:
4452:
3893:
2900:
2540:
2424:
1936:
1793:
1009:, to the Vatican, Runcie appealed to Anglicans to consider accepting papal primacy in a reunified church. At the same time,
589:", which refers to the same apostle, began to be used exclusively of the see of Rome, a usage found also in the Acts of the
8298:
8194:
7832:
6333:
5810:
5546:
4064:
3999:
2694:
1499:
Ignatius' Epistle to the Romans is used by Catholic apologists to suggest Roman primacy. In particular his opening remarks
1444:
said that it was James who stated the decision of the Council, not Peter. John Chrysostom noted James made the decision.
2376:
atmosphere. Everyone continued to regard the Bishop of Rome as the first bishop of the Empire, and the head of the church.
9160:
9058:
8945:
7870:
6130:
5850:
5680:
4588:
4335:
793:
78:
37:
9198:
8500:
8251:
6150:
5509:
5006:
4615:
4340:
3352:"It is manifest, therefore, that we should look upon the bishop even as we would look upon the Lord Himself." Ignatius
8330:
7756:
6855:
6117:
6097:
5492:
5094:
4741:
4575:
4026:
3874:
2850:
Joint Coordinating Committee for the Theological Dialogue between the Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church,
1516:("presides in the place of the region of the Romans" and "presides over love") refers to. He argues that the act of
1137:
170:
10378:
9101:
8581:
8471:
8000:
6135:
6006:
5554:
5307:
5252:
5117:
4852:
4848:
4593:
4378:
4325:
3095:
Whelton, M., (1998) Two Paths: Papal Monarchy - Collegial Tradition, (Regina Orthodox Press; Salisbury, MA), p.59.
1488:
he states that God is Polycarp’s bishop, implying that there is no intermediary between the local bishop and God.
10403:
9666:
9384:
8596:
8520:
8140:
8118:
7267:
7165:
7133:
6338:
6155:
6015:
5357:
5332:
5297:
5292:
5257:
5137:
4736:
4620:
4210:
4173:
4056:
4036:
3992:
3458:
3218:
Whelton, M., (1998) Two Paths: Papal Monarchy - Collegial Tradition, (Regina Orthodox Press; Salisbury, MA), p.36
1040:
903:(1962–1965) the debate on papal primacy and authority re-emerged, and in the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church
561:
137:
67:
26:
3958:
Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, "The Primacy of the Successor of Peter in the Mystery of the Church"
2571:
Mansi, Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, ed. G. D. Mansi, Firenze-Venezia 1759-1789, XIX, 738;
1043:
in 381 (when they were still one Church) though disagreements about the extent of his authority still continue.
10748:
10743:
10328:
9379:
8835:
8454:
8101:
8093:
8081:
7959:
7208:
7123:
6619:
5953:
5665:
5352:
5322:
5302:
5242:
5032:
4748:
4286:
4278:
4190:
4051:
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1119:
1115:
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350:
In later times, theories of various kinds were advanced, most notably that of an analogy with the position of
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8684:
8293:
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5327:
5317:
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4514:
4412:
4109:
1891:
1573:
817:
refused to support Luther’s position, Luther claimed belief in an "invisible church" and called the pope the
10444:
2438:
The claims of Constantinople compelled Rome to move further along the road to a fully efficacious primacy...
9403:
9170:
8689:
8679:
8135:
7771:
6848:
6440:
5908:
5879:
5862:
5770:
5382:
5347:
5337:
4915:
4896:
4758:
4509:
4422:
2828:
First of all, a balanced position concerning the question about the primacy in the church must be accepted.
1694:
Any changes to the understanding of the church would reflect a change in the understanding of the Trinity.
6066:
3939:
Popes and Patriarchs: An Orthodox Perspective on Roman Catholic Claims, (Concillar Press; Ben Lomond, CA).
10303:
9135:
8505:
8278:
7842:
7623:
7485:
6203:
5918:
4668:
4536:
4405:
959:
501:
250:
Writers such as Nicholas Afanassieff and Alexander Schmemann have declared that the phrase "presiding in
199:, some understand the primacy of the Bishop of Rome to be merely one of greater honour, treating him as "
2761:
2738:
10454:
10393:
9356:
9144:
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7952:
7914:
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6474:
5835:
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5287:
4939:
4905:
4864:
1565:
731:
The dispute about the authority of Roman bishops reached a climax in the year 1054, when the legate of
10217:
10197:
3808:
Crisis in Byzantium: The Filioque Controversy and the Patriarchate of Gregory II of Cyprus (1283-1289)
3540:
3271:"But observe how Peter does everything with the common consent; nothing imperiously." John Chrysostom
2795:
9203:
8905:
8216:
7995:
7985:
7947:
7702:
7512:
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7434:
7411:
6752:
6125:
6025:
5971:
5642:
5592:
5282:
5237:
4345:
1375:
1371:
1220:
1213:
1212:("first among equals") . Many theologians also believe that Peter is the 'rock' referred to by Jesus
942:
reiterated that, in the view of the Roman Catholic Church, the Christian communities born out of the
797:
594:
1374:. However other texts may be interpreted to imply that the other Apostles also received the keys in
547:
320:
early period the Church of Rome was looked to as the centre of reference for the whole Church. Thus
10368:
9561:
9453:
9396:
9036:
8611:
8128:
7975:
7880:
7875:
7690:
7655:
7581:
7537:
7532:
7329:
7155:
7000:
6897:
6892:
6759:
6055:
5991:
5913:
5884:
5504:
5499:
5377:
5277:
5262:
5247:
5089:
4910:
4800:
4718:
4542:
4519:
4470:
4143:
3644:
Church unity and the papal office: an ecumenical dialogue on John Paul II's Encyclical Ut Unum Sint
2632:
1466:
762:
568:, however, shall have the prerogative of honour after the Bishop of Rome because Constantinople is
260:
440:
was the first to make appeal to the primacy of Peter as a basis for the Bishop of Rome's primacy.
10479:
10423:
10343:
9739:
8654:
8510:
8237:
7660:
7394:
7299:
7188:
7138:
6995:
6912:
6887:
6519:
5976:
5608:
5569:
5536:
4982:
4962:
4830:
4708:
4658:
4437:
4238:
4178:
1737:
1548:
1108:
951:
505:
228:
196:
74:
33:
3672:
After Nine Hundred Years – The Background of the Schism between the Eastern and Western Churches
2453:
1602:, which acknowledges the primacy of the pope but refuses to accept papal decrees concerning the
10564:
10529:
10363:
9982:
9483:
9125:
9011:
8724:
7980:
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5342:
5267:
5147:
4825:
4713:
4653:
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4218:
3979:
3497:
1732:
1663:
of the church. It is not defined by adherence to any particular See. It is the position of the
1611:
1607:
1413:
988:
943:
900:
825:
758:
418:
141:
10398:
10358:
10318:
3815:
The Christian East and the Rise of the Papacy', (St Vladimir’s Seminary Press; Crestwood, NY).
3693:
Papalism: A Treatise on the Claims on the Papacy as set forth in the Encyclical Satis cognitum
2849:
2827:
2414:
1783:
10489:
10408:
10277:
10272:
10222:
9699:
9542:
9391:
9021:
9006:
8719:
8576:
8483:
8283:
8266:
8179:
8123:
8039:
7638:
7364:
7173:
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4494:
4200:
4138:
4097:
4082:
3971:
2725:
2530:
2297:
1712:
1599:
841:
489:
10534:
9071:
1654:
597:("You are Peter and on this rock I will build my church") is used to support Roman primacy.
10665:
10635:
10584:
10262:
10147:
10077:
9867:
9842:
9822:
9802:
9764:
9759:
9724:
9606:
9500:
9253:
9248:
9243:
9238:
9233:
9228:
9223:
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9180:
9107:
8950:
8910:
8729:
8631:
8606:
8545:
8350:
8325:
8261:
7860:
7810:
7795:
7672:
7381:
7281:
7231:
7226:
7183:
7143:
7071:
6514:
6435:
6355:
6247:
6225:
6140:
5154:
5123:
5020:
4901:
4815:
4695:
4598:
4315:
4310:
4233:
4183:
4114:
4092:
3796:
1880:
1644:
was achieved which lasted, albeit with crises, down to the middle of the eleventh century."
1441:
1407:
1187:
1167:, i.e., that there can be no intermediaries between a Christian and God except for Christ.
947:
740:
736:
614:
590:
472:
10650:
10182:
3482:
2320:
1618:
Professor John J. Paris disregarded a papal directive on euthanasia as lacking authority.
152:
8:
10640:
10604:
10574:
10338:
10242:
10082:
10043:
10023:
9951:
9837:
9646:
9489:
9476:
9465:
9302:
9026:
9016:
8965:
8823:
8809:
8669:
8411:
8174:
8029:
8005:
7990:
7909:
7899:
7885:
7865:
7855:
7825:
7805:
7734:
7465:
7294:
7221:
7051:
6980:
6907:
6738:
6405:
5943:
5845:
5638:
5622:
5142:
5052:
4503:
4447:
4395:
4296:
4258:
3509:
1722:
1318:
1298:
1005:
At a joint service during the first official visit of the then Archbishop of Canterbury,
963:
872:
853:
375:
321:
255:
53:
10685:
10142:
828:, during which numerous Protestant sects broke away from the Roman Catholic Church. The
10715:
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4373:
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A Statement of Reservations Concerning the Impending Beatification of Pope John Paul II
2095:
1686:
The church is in the image of the Trinity and reflects the reality of the incarnation.
1561:
1387:
1232:
955:
784:
On 29 June (Feast of Peter & Paul patronal feast of popes), Gregory X celebrated a
210:
201:
187:
is an ecclesiastical doctrine concerning the respect and authority that is due to the
10449:
10107:
10008:
8880:
2957:"Peter's Primacy in the New Testament and the Early Tradition" in The Primacy of Peter
2229:
1418:
1278:
10645:
10630:
10519:
10383:
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10257:
10252:
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9857:
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6807:
5923:
5159:
4484:
4364:
4131:
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The Role of the Bishop of Rome in the Communion of the Church in the First Millennium
2536:
2420:
1789:
1010:
244:
21:
10464:
10373:
10202:
10192:
3104:
2969:
1925:
1491:
John Chrysostom referred to Ignatius of Antioch as a "teacher equivalent to Peter".
667:
The historical and juridical development of the "primacy of the Roman Pontiff" from
10554:
10549:
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10459:
10439:
10227:
10152:
10013:
9897:
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5047:
5042:
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4820:
4810:
4770:
4301:
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4102:
3965:
3447:
Upon this rock: St. Peter and the primacy of Rome in scripture and the early church
3146:
3011:
2893:
Upon This Rock: St. Peter and the Primacy of Rome in Scripture and the Early Church
2682:
Responses to some questions regarding certain aspects of the doctrine on the Church
1717:
1615:
1569:
1533:
1431:
1257:
936:
Responses to some questions regarding certain aspects of the doctrine on the Church
864:, i.e., supreme, full, immediate, and universal ordinary jurisdiction of the pope.
766:
726:
493:
460:
452:
10670:
10559:
10298:
10097:
5025:
1845:
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6020:
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5531:
5526:
5451:
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5387:
5312:
5062:
4992:
4524:
4465:
4015:
3613:
The Papacy: Its Historic Origin and Primitive Relations with the Eastern Churches
3564:
Epistle to the Smyrnaeans - Chapter VIII.-Let Nothing Be Done Without the Bishop.
3434:
The Papacy: Its Historic Origin and Primitive Relations with the Eastern Churches
3181:
The Papacy: Its Historic Origin and Primitive Relations with the Eastern Churches
3046:
The Papacy: Its Historic Origin and Primitive Relations with the Eastern Churches
2401:
2360:
1727:
1664:
1391:
1350:
1236:
1155:
868:
861:
829:
677:
619:
606:
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535:
355:
206:
10112:
1572:, then such power would have been exercised to resolve the many disputes in the
524:
10509:
10484:
10413:
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10127:
10122:
10102:
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5397:
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4972:
4856:
4835:
4369:
4248:
4223:
4195:
4126:
2816:
1465:
Ignatius sets out what he believes consists of the church in an epistle to the
1379:
1336:
1325:
1291:
1224:
1191:
1178:
1164:
845:
824:
Luther’s rejection of the primacy of the Roman Pontiff led to the start of the
774:
672:
668:
573:
565:
497:
485:
437:
379:
371:
367:
188:
10594:
8464:
2917:
The Gospel According to Rome: Comparing Catholic Tradition and the Word of God
2186:
2106:
Fr. Nicholas Afanassieff: "The Primacy of Peter" Ch. 4, pgs. 126-127 (c. 1992)
1346:
have regarded popes as the leader of the westerners (not of the whole church).
10732:
10690:
10660:
10589:
10282:
10237:
9976:
9946:
9847:
9827:
9812:
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9694:
9581:
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8335:
8320:
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7746:
7596:
7304:
6944:
6939:
6775:
6712:
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6388:
6214:
5830:
5790:
5675:
5597:
5582:
5431:
5392:
5198:
5082:
4879:
4548:
4263:
3721:
Papal Primacy and the Universal Church: Lutherans and Catholics in Dialogue V
3665:
Greek Orthodox Patrology - An introduction to the Study of the Church Fathers
3303:
Papal Primacy and the Universal Church: Lutherans and Catholics in Dialogue V
3290:
Greek Orthodox Patrology - An introduction to the Study of the Church Fathers
2839:
Catholics and Orthodox Discuss the Role of the Pope of Rome in Vienna Meeting
2387:
1976:(Cambridge University Press 2010 reprint ISBN 978-1-108-02146-3), pp. 101-102
1311:
1006:
910:
905:
810:
652:
598:
586:
531:
383:
292:
of his diocese with regard to his presbyters and people; regionally, for the
288:
at each of the established ecclesiastical levels: locally, for the bishop as
98:
2511:
10675:
10614:
10524:
10333:
9993:
9797:
9636:
9576:
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9140:
8996:
8960:
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8211:
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7628:
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4432:
4427:
4417:
4228:
4155:
1435:
1343:
1024:
849:
778:
578:
296:
of each metropolis with regard to the bishops of his province, and for the
10599:
10388:
3658:
The Truth: What Every Roman Catholic Should Know about the Orthodox Church
2633:"Stress on papal primacy led to exaggerated clout for a pope among equals"
1030:
1000:
10609:
10579:
10544:
10539:
10514:
10499:
10469:
10067:
10062:
10039:
9931:
9926:
9907:
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9782:
9571:
9066:
8895:
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6220:
6001:
5857:
5730:
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5705:
5700:
5685:
4987:
4922:
4778:
4703:
4681:
4529:
4291:
4253:
3828:
Epochs of the Papacy, from Its Rise to the Death of Pope Pius IX. in 1878
1633:
867:
The most substantial body of defined doctrine on the subject is found in
857:
732:
714:
456:
351:
3859:
Dancing Alone: The Quest for Orthodox Faith in the Age of False Religion
3707:
The First Seven Ecumenical Councils (325-787) Their History and Theology
1427:
10695:
10072:
9988:
9656:
9516:
8850:
8435:
7778:
7517:
7314:
6970:
6902:
6580:
6452:
6430:
6425:
6230:
5695:
5690:
5514:
5441:
5057:
4977:
4608:
2607:
Wetterau, Bruce. World history. New York: Henry Holt and company. 1994.
2156:
The Life of St Paul" (Paulist Press 2008 ISBN 978-0-8091-0519-9), p. 88
2143:(Oxford University Press 2004 ISBN 978-0-19-860949-0), art. "Peter (1)"
2002:(St Vladimir's Seminary Press 1995 ISBN 978-0-88141-125-6), pp. 163-164
1762:
of Rome as the first bishop of the Empire, and the head of the church."
1383:
1332:), but a previous pope condemned the use of such a title by any bishop.
1297:
Cases which had been decided by Rome were appealed to bishops in other
1228:
1122: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
962:, are Churches in the proper sense and sister Churches of the Catholic
818:
814:
656:
610:
468:
464:
425:
338:
3735:
How the Pope Became Infallible: Pius IX and the Politics of Persuasion
10231:
9917:
9511:
7935:
7783:
7618:
7608:
7601:
7559:
7554:
7349:
7309:
6607:
5800:
5795:
5765:
5461:
5224:
5208:
5193:
5037:
4927:
4805:
4795:
4663:
4442:
1395:
1240:
1159:
447:
3318:, Volume 1, (Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge; London), p34
1593:
1378:. Such an interpretation, it is claimed, has been accepted by many
1097:
551:
Early manuscript illustration of the First Council of Constantinople
148:
10710:
10131:
9709:
9661:
9566:
9556:
9526:
9506:
9470:
9309:
8664:
8418:
8406:
7324:
7193:
6826:
6393:
6328:
6311:
6297:
6208:
6040:
5948:
5775:
4874:
4243:
2474:(Glazier, Michael Incorporated 1997 ISBN 978-0-8146-5857-4), p. 113
1481:
1267:
As many Sees are of Peter, Peter serves as an archetype of Apostle.
974:
840:
The doctrine of papal primacy was further developed in 1870 at the
809:
The primacy of the Roman Pontiff was again challenged in 1517 when
706:
569:
557:
518:
192:
3984:
1835:(St Vladimir's Seminary Press 1995 ISBN 978-0-88141-125-6), p. 165
1314:. There is no difference between the Sees of Peter; all are equal.
542:
10163:
10052:
9902:
9641:
9616:
9531:
9459:
9413:
8921:
8535:
8157:
8024:
7633:
7613:
7470:
7359:
6464:
6420:
6348:
6291:
5745:
4583:
4457:
4400:
3777:
The Primacy of Peter: essays in ecclesiology and the early church
2085:(St Vladimir's Seminary Press 1995 ISBN 978-0-88141-125-6), p. 98
1603:
1250:
765:
to reunite the Eastern church with the West. Wishing to end the
232:
1426:, which according to some interpretations was prescribed by the
1256:
The church at Rome was founded (or organised) by both Peter and
891:
dogged in defending but which only encountered one externally,"
9744:
9626:
9521:
9087:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
8530:
8440:
8345:
6840:
6486:
6469:
6378:
6303:
6255:
5898:
5203:
5188:
5132:
5099:
3964:
3628:– Description of the Synod of Sutri - in Miller, M. C., (2005)
3356:- Chapter VI - Have respect to the bishop as to Christ Himself.
1485:
710:
236:
2295:
2276:(St Vladimir's Seminary Press 1997 ISBN 978-0-88141-007-5), 39
2175:(Rowland & Littlefield 2009 ISBN 978-1-58051-227-5), p. 11
1621:
1270:
Rome had primacy, but it was one of honour, rather than power.
929:
463:
had been the founders of the Church in Rome and had appointed
7566:
7026:
6965:
6922:
6273:
6261:
5996:
5164:
5128:
2454:
Extracts from the Acts of the Council of Chalcedon. Session I
2261:(Taylor & Francis 2000 ISBN 978-0-415-92975-2), pp. 27-30
1579:
A general council may overrule decisions of the Roman Pontiff
1304:
761:, which was convoked to act on a pledge by Byzantine emperor
492:
enriched the Church of Rome with large buildings such as the
3770:
Imperial Unity and Christian Divisions: The Church AD450-680
3728:
Persons in Communion – A Theology of Authentic Relationships
3382:- Chapter VII —Do nothing without the bishop and presbyters.
2217:
The Divine Right of the Papacy in Recent Ecumenical Theology
2187:"Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America : Papal Primacy"
1628:
Eastern Orthodox opposition to the doctrine of Papal Primacy
1554:
1204:
Eastern Orthodox opposition to the doctrine of Papal Primacy
630:
9714:
6279:
5169:
4888:
3749:
The church triumphant: a history of Christianity up to 1300
3541:
Patrick J. Reilly, "Teaching Euthanasia" (Catholic Culture)
1870:(Liturgical Press 2000 ISBN 978-0-8146-5931-1), pp. 486-488
1208:
The Orthodox church considers the Bishop of Rome to be the
785:
770:
10739:
Knowledge neutral point of view disputes from October 2011
3630:
Power and the Holy in the Age of the Investiture Conflict,
2348:(T & T Clark 1992 ISBN 978-1-58617-282-4), pp. 202-203
1982:
Papacy and Development: Newman and the Primacy of the Pope
1961:(Taylor and Francis 2002 ISBN 978-0-415-94229-4), p. 198).
1697:
1321:
were equal; nothing was withheld from any of the Apostles.
856:(the ability of the pope to define dogmas free from error
56:
to this revision, which may differ significantly from the
8976:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
1653:
The test of catholicity is adherence to the authority of
1370:. In the New Testament, he is first to be given the keys
1013:
stressed that his office must be more than a figurehead.
2796:"Ecumenical talks reach partial accord on papal primacy"
1648:
1512:
but argues that it is unclear as to what area the act of
1063:(order) and that the bishop of Rome was, therefore, the
675:(1305–1314) was a dogmatic evolution in fidelity of the
3244:. Salisbury, MA: Regina Orthodox Press. pp. 38–39.
2695:"Philorthodox: Anglican Cathlolicism and Papal Primacy"
2412:
1941:(Liturgical Press 1996 ISBN 978-0-8146-5522-1), pp. 1-3
1037:
Joint International Commission for Theological Dialogue
1031:
Joint International Commission for Theological Dialogue
1001:
Joint worship service with the Archbishop of Canterbury
315:
Historical development of the doctrine of Papal Primacy
58:
3925:
Hymn of Entry: Liturgy and Life in the Orthodox Church
3275:
Homily III on Acts 1:12 quoted in Whelton, M., (1998)
3194:
A Treatise Concerning the Correction of the Donatists.
3059:
A Treatise Concerning the Correction of the Donatists.
2204:(Eerdmans 2005 ISBN 978-0-8028-2416-5), vol. 4, p. 273
2200:
Erwin Fahlbusch, Geoffrey William Bromiley (editors),
1303:
Cases which had been decided by Rome were appealed to
572:." It has been asserted by many that a synod held by
191:
from other bishops and their sees. Together with the
9007:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
3927:(St Vladimir's Seminary Press; Crestwood, NY), pp52–3
3586:, (St Vladimirs Seminary Press; Crestwood, NY), p.176
2817:
Orthodox-Catholic Commission Studies Primacy of Peter
1324:
The Roman Pontiff is also styled "universal bishop" (
2596:
Through The Ages: A History Of The Christian Church.
2388:
Thomas Shahan, "First Council of Constantinople" in
1366:
Orthodox Christians accept that Peter had a certain
3742:
Byzantium: The surprising life of a Medieval Empire
3686:
History of the Reformation of the Sixteenth Century
3166:
Book I. Chapter 18.17 The Keys Given to the Church.
3031:
Book I. Chapter 18.17 The Keys Given to the Church.
2299:
History of the Reformation in the sixteenth century
560:". This was promulgated by the third canon of the
525:
Bishop of Rome becomes "Rector of the whole Church"
275:among the patriarchs". The same agreement stated:
8080:
3646:, (Wm B Eerdmans Publishing Co; Grand Rapids, MI).
2528:
2406:
2246:(Mohr, J.C.B. 1994 ISBN 978-3-16-146239-9), p. 180
1361:
1194:who states the decision of the council (Acts 15).
448:Role of Paul in the founding of the Church of Rome
3597:Church, Papacy and Schism: A Theological Enquiry.
3305:(Augsburg Publishing House; Minneapolis, MN) p47.
2289:
1974:An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine
1955:An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine
1594:Other disregard of papal directives by Westerners
366:The first bishop to claim primacy in writing was
254:", used of the Church of Rome in the letter that
10730:
9355:
9077:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
3904:Church, Papacy and Schism: A Theological Enquiry
3810:, (St Vladimir’s Seminary Press; Crestwood, NY).
3110:, (The Banner of Truth Trust; Edinburgh), pp43ff
2975:, (The Banner of Truth Trust; Edinburgh), pp43ff
2959:. St. Vladimir's Seminary Press. pp. 47–48.
981:Anglican-Roman Catholic International Commission
975:Anglican-Roman Catholic International Commission
271:, and that the bishop of Rome was therefore the
231:and that its teaching about matters such as the
3945:Two Paths: Papal Monarchy - Collegial Tradition
3883:
3847:(Orthodox Research Institute; Rollinsford, NH).
3765:, (St Vladimirs Seminary Press; Crestwood, NY).
3651:The Faith: Understanding Orthodox Christianity,
3520:, (Regina Orthodox Press; Salisbury, MD), p.46.
3518:Two Paths: Papal Monarchy - Collegial Tradition
3329:The Faith: Understanding Orthodox Christianity,
3316:The epistles of St. Ignatius, Bishop of Antioch
3277:Two Paths: Papal Monarchy - Collegial Tradition
3262:, (Regina Orthodox Press; Salisbury, MA), p.38.
3242:Two Paths: Papal Monarchy - Collegial Tradition
3192:"...the keys that were given to the Church..."
3057:"...the keys that were given to the Church..."
2041:Ecclesial Communion, Conciliarity and Authority
2027:Ecclesial Communion, Conciliarity and Authority
1820:Ratzinger’s Ecumenism between light and shadows
543:First Council of Constantinople and its context
412:
3779:(St Vladimir's Seminary Press; Crestwood, NY).
3772:(St Vladimir's Seminary Press; Crestwood, NY).
3331:(Regina Orthodox Press; Salisbury, MA), p169.
3279:, (Regina Orthodox Press; Salisbury, MA), p.33
3260:Two Paths: Papal Monarchy -Collegial Tradition
3230:The History of the Church – Book II Chapter I
2954:
2707:ARCIC, Authority in the Church, 1, para. 3.12.
2448:
2446:
1939:Papal Primacy: From Its Origins to the Present
1678:Referring to Ignatius of Antioch Carlton says
1416:) the convening of a council to decide whether
1251:Opposition arguments from early church history
662:
221:
9341:
8066:
7740:Architecture of cathedrals and great churches
7439:
6856:
6082:
4000:
3723:(Augsburg Publishing House; Minneapolis, MN).
3688:, Book 1, (Robert Carter & Brothers; NY).
3599:(Denise Harvey Publisher; Limni, Greece), p15
2601:
2514:Ignatius of Antioch, Letter to the Smyrnaeans
2413:Aidan Nichols; Op Nichols (1 February 2010).
1568:. Had the teaching of primacy formed part of
1087:
593:. From the time of Pope Damasus, the text of
267:, Prologue), occupied the first place in the
1993:
1991:
1959:John Henry Newman, Selected Writings to 1845
1916:Authority in the Church II, ARCIC, para 2, 6
1866:Patrick Granfield, Peter C. Phan (editors),
1508:J.H. Srawley concedes that the Roman church
969:
3906:. (Denise Harvey Publisher; Limni, Greece).
3823:(Holy Cross Orthodox Press; Brookline, MA).
3786:, (American Unitarian Association; Boston).
3763:The Mystical Theology of the Eastern Church
3584:The Mystical Theology of the Eastern Church
2522:
2443:
2352:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2331:
1622:Opposition arguments from orthodox doctrine
1401:
930:Relation with other Christian denominations
735:excommunicated Patriarch of Constantinople
488:granted Christianity legal status, Emperor
479:
9348:
9334:
9092:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
9042:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
8073:
8059:
6863:
6849:
6089:
6075:
5929:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
4007:
3993:
3962:
3861:(Holy Cross Orthodox Press; Brookline, MA)
3845:An Outline of Orthodox Patristic Dogmatics
3756:Golden Mouth: The Story of John Chrysostom
3719:Empie, P. C., & Murphy, T. A., (1974)
3637:Cyprian – His Life – Hist Times – His Work
3301:Empie, P. C., & Murphy, T. A., (1974)
3258:, Homily 33 quoted in Whelton, M., (1998)
2774:Ravenna Document (in the original English)
2154:Lawrence Boadt, Linda Schapper (editors),
1547:The matter was eventually resolved at the
1294:do not refer to another tier above bishop.
940:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
697:about the primacy of the Roman Pontiff as
688:
151:. Please do not remove this message until
6177:Divine Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts
3947:, (Regina Orthodox Press; Salisbury, MA).
3934:, (The Banner of Truth Trust; Edinburgh).
3660:, (Regina Orthodox Press; Salisbury, MA).
3207:Ten Homilies on the First Epistle of John
3072:Ten Homilies on the First Epistle of John
1988:
1775:
1588:Ancient church councils (pre-ecumenical )
1564:was called by a pope; all were called by
1555:Opposition arguments from Church Councils
1138:Learn how and when to remove this message
894:
752:
631:Relationship with bishops of other cities
389:
308:
171:Learn how and when to remove this message
3932:The Church of Rome at the Bar of History
3835:The Primitive Saints and the See of Rome
3821:Spiritual Dimensions of the Holy Canons,
3653:(Regina Orthodox Press; Salisbury, MA).
3179:. Tractate CXXIV.7 Abbé Guettée (1866).
3108:The Church of Rome at the Bar of History
3044:. Tractate CXXIV.7 Abbé Guettée (1866).
2973:The Church of Rome at the Bar of History
2935:
2532:The church: the evolution of Catholicism
2328:
1606:, decrees that were opposed also by two
835:
546:
218:scriptural and theological foundations.
147:Relevant discussion may be found on the
47:
3801:Dialogue on the Life of John Chrysostom
3751:, (Mercer University Press; Macon, GA).
3343:. Chapter III.—Honour the deacons, etc.
3239:
2630:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2358:
2166:
2164:
2074:
1743:
1698:Orthodox rebuttal of Catholic arguments
1667:that it has never accepted the pope as
1494:
1422:who converted should be required to be
66:Revision as of 20:30, 3 August 2012 by
65:
14:
10731:
10349:Wilhelm Emmanuel Freiherr von Ketteler
6558:
4388:
3980:Rise of the Papacy - ReligionFacts.com
3864:
3784:Disquisitions and notes on the Gospels
3730:, (InterOrthodox Press; Berkeley, CA).
3449:, (Ignatius Press; San Francisco), p72
3430:Homilies on S. Ignatius and S. Babylas
2365:. Fordham University Press. p. 47
2134:
2132:
2130:
2043:(Ravenna, 13 October 2007), section 44
1984:(Brill 1976 ISBN 90-04-04466-3), p. 72
1781:
1520:may be simply of those churches in the
1451:
1307:of bishops in other metropolitan areas
1158:are perhaps the greatest obstacles to
9329:
8054:
6844:
6187:Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom
6182:Divine Liturgy of St. Basil the Great
6070:
3988:
3292:, (Orthodox Research Institute), p14.
2529:Richard P. McBrien (25 August 2008).
2402:Catechism of the Catholic Church, 884
2324:, Christian Classics Ethereal Library
1856:Catechism of the Catholic Church, 883
1846:Catechism of the Catholic Church, 882
1649:Orthodox understanding of Catholicity
1527:
1330:Summus Pontifex Ecclesiae Universalis
747:
693:The 3 October 1054 the Council has a
361:
44:
25:
6334:Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament
3975:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
3918:Saint Chrysostom: His Life and Times
3273:Homilies on the Acts of the Apostles
3256:Homilies on the Acts of the Apostles
3227:
2458:
2161:
1120:adding citations to reliable sources
1091:
564:(381) which decreed: "The Bishop of
121:
17:
8946:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
4014:
3408:. Chapter VII.— The same continued.
2296:Jean Henri Merle d'Aubigné (1846).
2219:(Gregorian University 1980), p. 203
2127:
2052:
1154:The doctrines of papal primacy and
1055:themselves in the canonical order (
720:
119:
88:
10754:Christianity-related controversies
8501:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
3923:Vasileios of Stavronikita (1998),
3884:Schimmelpfennig, Bernhard (1992).
3436:, (Minos Publishing Co; NY), p165.
3395:– Chapter IV – the same continued.
2919:, Harvest House Publishers, p. 240
2274:The Church of the Ancient Councils
1339:(New Rome) were on the same level.
1170:
987:Unlike many other Churches of the
476:succession of Bishops originated.
120:
10770:
3963:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
3951:
3837:, (Longmans, Green & Co; NY).
3716:, (Fordham University Press, NY).
3674:, (Fordham University Press, NY).
3555:(Mystic: Twenty–Third), pp. 26–27
2631:Collins, Paul (24 October 1997).
2618:"Vatican I And The Papal Primacy"
1894:Open Letter to Confused Catholics
1632:Catholic Cardinal and theologian
403:
52:. The present address (URL) is a
10709:
9308:
9296:
8627:Fourth Council of Constantinople
8582:Second Council of Constantinople
8035:
8034:
8023:
7151:State church of the Roman Empire
6870:
6825:
6051:
6050:
6039:
6007:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
5555:Criticism of the Catholic Church
3667:, (Orthodox Research Institute).
3620:Aspects of the Mind of Byzantium
3615:(Minos Publishing Co; New York).
3589:
3576:
3567:
3558:
3545:
3534:
3523:
3503:
3491:
3476:
3473:(The Macmillan Company; NY), p70
3463:
3452:
3439:
3423:
3411:
3398:
3385:
3372:
3369:- Chapter IX.—Honour the bishop.
3359:
3346:
3334:
3321:
3308:
3295:
3282:
3265:
3248:
3221:
3212:
2945:(Oxford: Penguin, 1993), 214–17.
2930:The Expositor’s Bible Commentary
2202:The Encyclopedia of Christianity
2071:(New York: HarperOne, 2008), 63.
1926:Catechism of the Catholic Church
1551:in line with Sunday observance.
1197:
1096:
126:
9667:Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
8597:Third Council of Constantinople
8521:First Council of Constantinople
7134:First seven ecumenical councils
4174:First seven ecumenical councils
3854:, (Cambridge University Press).
3791:A History of Christian Missions
3744:, (Princeton University Press).
3714:Byzantium and the Roman Primacy
3199:
3186:
3183:, (Minos Publishing; NY), p.175
3169:
3156:
3151:Homilies on the Gospel of John.
3139:
3126:
3113:
3098:
3089:
3077:
3064:
3051:
3048:, (Minos Publishing; NY), p.175
3034:
3021:
3016:Homilies on the Gospel of John.
3004:
2991:
2978:
2963:
2948:
2922:
2909:
2890:
2884:
2875:
2866:
2857:
2843:
2832:
2821:
2810:
2788:
2779:
2767:
2755:
2745:
2710:
2701:
2687:
2674:
2665:
2656:
2647:
2624:
2610:
2588:
2578:
2565:
2556:
2504:
2491:
2478:
2419:. Ignatius Press. p. 203.
2395:
2381:
2362:Byzantium and the Roman primacy
2314:
2280:
2265:
2250:
2235:
2223:
2208:
2193:
2179:
2147:
2141:The Oxford Dictionary of Saints
2118:
2109:
2100:
2089:
2061:
2046:
2034:
2019:
2006:
1965:
1945:
1930:
1919:
1910:
1755:
1107:needs additional citations for
1041:First Council of Constantinople
1016:
924:
562:First Council of Constantinople
9380:History of the Catholic Church
8836:Dissolution of the monasteries
8102:History of the Catholic Church
8001:Relations with other religions
7407:Church of the East (Nestorian)
7402:Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite)
4749:Separation of church and state
3709:(Liturgical Press, Minnesota).
3516:quoted in Whelton, M., (1998)
2895:. Ignatius Press. p. 11.
2055:Fundamentals of Catholic Dogma
1899:
1885:
1874:
1859:
1850:
1839:
1824:
1813:
1788:. Paulist Press. p. 188.
1614:). In 2005 the Roman Catholic
804:
211:the entire body of the bishops
84:(make Disregard a sub-section)
49:(make Disregard a sub-section)
13:
1:
10029:Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
9426:History of Christian theology
8710:Fourth Council of the Lateran
8685:Second Council of the Lateran
8294:Apostles in the New Testament
3888:. Columbia University Press.
3758:, (Cornell University Press).
3702:, (Sheed & Ward; London).
3632:(Bedord/StMartins; New York).
2535:. HarperCollins. p. 99.
2416:Rome and the Eastern Churches
2346:Rome and the Eastern Churches
2322:The Seven Ecumenical Councils
2230:Ireneaus Against Heresies 3.3
1881:The Limits of the Magisterium
1051:(firsts), and also among the
394:Nicholas Afanassieff writes:
185:primacy of the Bishop of Rome
9357:History of Catholic theology
8824:Catholic Counter-Reformation
8690:Third Council of the Lateran
8680:First Council of the Lateran
8136:Catholic ecumenical councils
6441:Divine Worship: Daily Office
3913:(The Macmillan Company; NY).
3793:, (Penguin History; London).
3737:(Doubleday; Garden City, NY)
3684:d 'Aubigné, J. H. M, (1857)
2635:. National Catholic Reporter
2594:Thompson, Ernest T. (1965).
2139:David Hugh Farmer (editor),
1892:Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre,
1769:
1748:
1355:Archbishop of Constantinople
512:
413:Primacy of Peter the apostle
7:
7708:Views on poverty and wealth
3916:Stephens, W. R. W., (2005)
3911:The Epistles of St Ignatius
3700:Studies on the Early Papacy
3471:The Epistles of St Ignatius
2915:McCarthy, James G. (1995),
2881:Crete draft document, 20-22
2096:Ellis L. Knox, "The Papacy"
1706:
1574:early history of the church
1412:The New Testament records (
960:Assyrian Church of the East
663:From Gregory I to Clement V
504:, and with endowments. The
222:Development of the doctrine
153:conditions to do so are met
24:of this page, as edited by
10:
10775:
10455:Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
10445:Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange
9730:Transubstantiation dispute
8170:History of the Roman Curia
7953:World Evangelical Alliance
7915:Traditionalist Catholicism
6832:Catholic Church portal
6475:Divine Worship: The Missal
6046:Catholic Church portal
3830:(G. Bell and sons; London)
3726:Fitzgerald, K. K., (2006)
3639:, (Macmillan & Co; NY)
3605:
2662:cf. Catechism, nos. 894-95
2081:John Meyendorff (editor),
2029:(Ravenna, 13 October 2007)
1998:John Meyendorff (editor),
1957:, in Albert E. Radcliffe,
1831:John Meyendorff (editor),
1625:
1405:
1201:
1088:Opposition to the doctrine
852:with the pronouncement of
724:
416:
312:
10704:
10623:
10432:
10291:
10161:
10037:
9916:
9773:
9680:
9540:
9434:
9372:
9363:
9291:
9191:
9057:
8984:
8919:
8906:European wars of religion
8803:
8738:
8640:
8562:
8453:
8376:
8236:
8225:
8217:Eastern Catholic Churches
8092:
8018:
7968:
7948:World Council of Churches
7923:
7841:
7725:
7716:
7671:
7456:
7440:
7435:Latter Day Saint movement
7420:
7380:
7280:
7261:
7207:
7164:
7109:
7015:
6994:
6953:
6921:
6878:
6822:
6751:
6665:
6618:
6541:
6530:
6505:
6369:
6322:Other liturgical services
6321:
6241:
6164:
6116:
6034:
5972:Aid to the Church in Need
5962:
5819:
5632:
5593:Vatican Television Center
5568:
5478:
5368:
5238:Eastern Catholic Churches
5219:
5108:
5001:
4948:
4873:
4844:
4769:
4694:
4629:
4574:
4493:
4363:
4277:
4209:
4154:
4073:
4050:
4022:
3826:Pennington, A. R. (1881)
3512:The History of the Church
3380:Epistle to the Magnesians
2653:Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger
2390:The Catholic Encyclopedia
2359:Dvornik, Francis (1966).
1524:that is, those in Italy.
970:Efforts at reconciliation
705:quod solus Romanae sedis
10369:Matthias Joseph Scheeben
9562:Athanasius of Alexandria
9454:First Epistle of Clement
9037:Mary of the Divine Heart
8660:Clash against the empire
8612:Second Council of Nicaea
8506:Old St. Peter's Basilica
7976:Anti-Christian sentiment
7156:Christian biblical canon
6270:(first hour of daylight)
5914:Communion and Liberation
5378:Eastern Catholic liturgy
4543:Mystici Corporis Christi
4471:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
3909:Srawley, J. H., (1919),
3782:Morrison, J. H., (1872)
3775:Meyendorff, J., (1992),
3754:Kelly, J. N. D., (1995)
3698:Dom Chapman, J., (1923)
3663:Chrestou, P. K., (2005)
3469:Srawley, J. H., (1919),
3406:Epistle to the Trallians
3393:Epistle to the Ephesians
3367:Epistle to the Smyrneans
3354:Epistle to the Ephesians
3341:Epistle to the Trallians
3288:Chrestou, P. K., (2005)
1549:First Ecumenical Council
1402:The Council of Jerusalem
642:
618:strength and stability.
480:After the Edict of Milan
261:First Epistle of Clement
10480:Dietrich von Hildebrand
10344:Giovanni Maria Cornoldi
10218:Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet
10198:Mary of Jesus of Ágreda
9740:Paulinus II of Aquileia
9735:Predestination disputes
9303:Vatican City portal
8655:Investiture Controversy
8511:First Council of Nicaea
8030:Christianity portal
7189:Investiture Controversy
6520:Liturgical use of Latin
4729:Philosophy of canon law
4659:Mariology of the saints
4239:Investiture Controversy
3852:The Byzantine Theocracy
3833:Puller, F. W., (1893),
3819:Patsavos, L. J., (2003)
3768:Meyendorff, J., (1989)
3695:, (Rivingtons; London).
3681:(Mystic: Twenty–Third).
3679:Diversity and Communion
3635:Benson, E. W., (1897),
3553:Diversity and Communion
3314:Srawley, J. H., (1910)
3123:. Book VII. Chapter XXI
2988:. Book VII. Chapter XXI
2955:Veselin Kesich (1992).
2872:Crete draft document, 9
2863:Crete draft document, 4
1906:Ravenna Document, 43-44
1782:Kasper, Walter (2006).
1738:Donation of Constantine
1480:Thus when he writes to
952:Eastern Orthodox Church
689:Council of Reims (1049)
506:First Council of Nicaea
502:Basilica of Saint Peter
471:, the beginning of the
455:(AD 189) believed that
197:Eastern Orthodox Church
10716:Catholicism portal
10565:Hans Urs von Balthasar
10364:Tommaso Maria Zigliara
10304:Félicité de La Mennais
9983:The Cloud of Unknowing
9484:The Shepherd of Hermas
9315:Catholicism portal
9126:Second Vatican Council
9012:Our Lady of La Salette
8819:Protestant Reformation
8806:Protestant Reformation
8725:Second Council of Lyon
8114:Ecclesiastical history
7981:Christian universalism
7372:Western Rite Orthodoxy
7217:Protestant Reformation
6300:(Anglican Use Vespers)
5982:Catholic Charities USA
5616:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
5604:Vatican Polyglot Press
4654:Mariology of the popes
4292:Protestant Reformation
3865:Schatz, Klaus (1996).
3857:Schaeffer, F., (1994)
3850:Runciman, S., (1977),
3843:Romanides, J., (2004)
3813:Papadakis, A., (1994)
3806:Papadakis, A., (1997)
3747:Hinson, E. G., (1995)
3733:Hasler, A. B., (1981)
3705:Davis, L. D., (1990),
2286:Schimmelpfennig, p. 47
2259:Rome in Late Antiquity
2173:A History of the Popes
2124:Schimmelpfennig, p. 39
2115:Schimmelpfennig, p. 27
1868:The Gift of the Church
1733:Primacy of Simon Peter
1692:
1684:
1646:
1612:Ottaviani Intervention
1545:
1506:
1475:
1463:
1329:
1081:
998:
993:
944:Protestant Reformation
901:Second Vatican Council
895:Second Vatican Council
848:achieved victory over
826:Protestant Reformation
759:Second Council of Lyon
753:Second Council of Lyon
709:universalis Ecclesiae
552:
435:
419:Primacy of Simon Peter
401:
390:Rome's role as arbiter
348:
335:
309:Historical development
306:
10749:Roman Catholic Church
10744:History of the Papacy
10490:Marie-Dominique Chenu
10409:Marie-Joseph Lagrange
10394:Désiré-Joseph Mercier
10278:Clement Mary Hofbauer
10273:Johann Michael Sailer
9700:Maximus the Confessor
9392:History of the papacy
9022:First Vatican Council
8720:First Council of Lyon
8484:Constantine the Great
8180:Christian monasticism
7639:Anointing of the Sick
6371:Liturgical literature
6306:(West Syriac Vespers)
6165:Eucharistic liturgies
6146:Anointing of the Sick
5736:Good Shepherd Sisters
5578:Holy See Press Office
4816:Doctors of the Church
4649:Immaculate Conception
4604:Anointing of the Sick
4139:History of the papacy
3972:Catholic Encyclopedia
3920:, (Elibron Classics).
3902:Sherrard, P., (1978)
3642:Braaten, C. E.(2001)
3611:Abbé Guettée (1866).
3595:Sherrard, P., (1978)
3459:Epistle to the Romans
3177:On the Gospel of John
3164:On Christian Doctrine
3153:Preface to Homily 1.1
3042:On the Gospel of John
3029:On Christian Doctrine
3018:Preface to Homily 1.1
2928:Carson, D. A.(1984),
2671:Lumen Gentium, no. 22
2573:Anselme de Saint-Remy
2302:. Blackie. p. 27
1713:History of the papacy
1688:
1680:
1638:
1600:Society of St. Pius X
1541:
1522:region of the Romans,
1501:
1471:
1459:
1362:"Keys of the Kingdom"
1077:
1035:In October 2007, the
994:
985:
842:First Vatican Council
836:First Vatican Council
550:
490:Constantine the Great
467:to the office of the
430:
396:
343:
326:
277:
229:developmental history
207:Roman Catholic Church
10666:Raniero Cantalamessa
10636:Alice von Hildebrand
10585:Edward Schillebeeckx
10263:Maria Gaetana Agnesi
10148:Lawrence of Brindisi
10078:Francisco de Vitoria
9868:Beatrice of Nazareth
9843:Hugh of Saint Victor
9823:Bernard of Clairvaux
9803:Anselm of Canterbury
9765:John Scotus Eriugena
9760:Paschasius Radbertus
9607:Gregory of Nazianzus
9501:Epistle to Diognetus
9199:Sexual abuse scandal
9108:Mit brennender Sorge
8951:Age of Enlightenment
8730:Bernard of Clairvaux
8607:Byzantine Iconoclasm
8546:Council of Chalcedon
8326:Council of Jerusalem
8195:Role in civilization
8175:Religious institutes
8107:By country or region
7960:Nondenominationalism
7833:Role in civilization
7300:Independent Catholic
7242:Relations with Islam
7222:Catholic Reformation
6515:Ecclesiastical Latin
6436:Liturgy of the Hours
6356:Liturgy of the Hours
6226:Pontifical High Mass
5609:L'Osservatore Romano
5547:Role in civilisation
5273:Croatian and Serbian
5021:Episcopal conference
4983:St. Peter's Basilica
4341:Sexual abuse scandal
4297:Catholic Reformation
3943:Whelton, M., (1998)
3937:Whelton, M., (2006)
3930:Webster, W. (1995),
3869:. Liturgical Press.
3740:Herrin, J., (2007),
3712:Dvornik, F., (1966)
3656:Carlton, C., (1999)
3649:Carlton, C., (1997)
3618:M. Anastos, (2001),
3327:Carlton, C., (1997)
3106:Webster, W. (1995),
2971:Webster, W. (1995),
2785:Ravenna Document, 43
2497:Terence L. Nichols,
2484:Terence L. Nichols,
2470:Terence L. Nichols,
2244:Martyrdom of St Paul
2083:The Primacy of Peter
2053:Ott, Ludwig (1960).
2000:The Primacy of Peter
1833:The Primacy of Peter
1744:References and notes
1495:Letter to the Romans
1408:Council of Jerusalem
1335:Rome (Old Rome) and
1188:Council of Jerusalem
1116:improve this article
948:apostolic succession
938:of 29 June 2007 the
737:Michael I Cerularius
695:dogmatic declaration
647:The doctrine of the
615:Council of Chalcedon
591:Council of Chalcedon
473:Apostolic succession
193:Filioque controversy
45:20:30, 3 August 2012
10641:Carlo Maria Martini
10605:Johann Baptist Metz
10575:Frederick Copleston
10399:Friedrich von Hügel
10359:Joseph Hergenröther
10339:Gaetano Sanseverino
10319:Ignaz von Döllinger
10243:Nicolas Malebranche
10083:Thomas of Villanova
10044:Counter-Reformation
10024:Girolamo Savonarola
9838:Hildegard of Bingen
9647:Cyril of Alexandria
9490:Aristides of Athens
9477:Epistle of Barnabas
9466:Ignatius of Antioch
9404:Ecumenical councils
9027:Papal infallibility
9017:Our Lady of Lourdes
8966:Shimabara Rebellion
8810:Counter-Reformation
8006:Unlimited atonement
7991:Cultural Christians
7430:Jehovah's Witnesses
7052:Sermon on the Mount
6981:Christian tradition
6908:Lists of Christians
6739:Pre-Tridentine Mass
6507:Liturgical language
5944:Neocatechumenal Way
5909:Charismatic Renewal
5623:Annuario Pontificio
5221:Particular churches
4897:Ecumenical councils
4669:Perpetual virginity
4504:Communitas perfecta
4448:Sermon on the Mount
3803:(Newman Press; NY).
3761:Lossky, V., (2002)
3677:Congar. Y., (1982)
3670:Congar, Y. (1959),
3582:Lossky, V., (2002)
3551:Congar. Y., (1982)
3445:Ray, S. K., (1999)
3418:Epistle to Polycarp
3240:Whelton, M (1998).
2943:The Orthodox Church
2718:The Washington Post
2499:That All May Be One
2486:That All May Be One
2472:That All May Be One
2215:J. Michael Miller,
1972:John Henry Newman,
1953:John Henry Newman,
1723:Papal infallibility
1610:of the Church (see
1452:Ignatius of Antioch
1310:Peter founded many
1260:. As no particular
964:particular Churches
873:papal infallibility
854:papal infallibility
376:Cyprian of Carthage
322:Alexander Schmemann
256:Ignatius of Antioch
140:of this article is
95:← Previous revision
10656:Alasdair MacIntyre
10535:Nouvelle théologie
10424:Thérèse of Lisieux
10268:Alfonso Muzzarelli
10208:Jean-Jacques Olier
10178:Tommaso Campanella
10093:Francisco de Osuna
10088:Ignatius of Loyola
9957:Catherine of Siena
9853:Robert Grosseteste
9750:Benedict of Aniane
9690:Isidore of Seville
9632:Augustine of Hippo
9597:Cyril of Jerusalem
9592:Hilary of Poitiers
9072:Our Lady of Fátima
8861:Ignatius of Loyola
8785:Catherine of Siena
8753:Pope Boniface VIII
8572:Benedict of Nursia
8541:Council of Ephesus
8378:Ante-Nicene period
8331:Split with Judaism
8165:Crusading movement
7851:Crusading movement
7119:Ante-Nicene period
6591:Extraordinary Form
5781:Premonstratensians
4164:Ante-Nicene period
4042:Lists of Catholics
3789:Neill, S., (1984)
3691:Denny, E., (1912)
2798:. 14 November 2007
2272:Peter L'Huillier,
2171:John W. O'Malley,
1566:Byzantine emperors
1562:Ecumenical Council
1528:Easter controversy
1388:Hilary of Poitiers
1349:Faced with exile,
1299:metropolitan areas
1233:Hilary of Poitiers
1210:primus inter pares
956:Oriental Orthodoxy
748:Post-schism period
699:Successor of Peter
622:(492-496) stated:
553:
362:Ante-Nicene period
235:, the divinity of
202:primus inter pares
10724:
10723:
10651:Gustavo Gutiérrez
10646:Pope Benedict XVI
10631:Pope John Paul II
10530:Josemaría Escrivá
10520:Henri Daniel-Rops
10404:Vladimir Solovyov
10384:Neo-scholasticism
10324:John Henry Newman
10258:Louis de Montfort
10253:Alphonsus Liguori
10248:Giambattista Vico
10183:Pierre de Bérulle
10169:French Revolution
10138:Robert Bellarmine
10118:John of the Cross
10004:Julian of Norwich
9962:Bridget of Sweden
9952:John of Ruusbroec
9942:William of Ockham
9858:Francis of Assisi
9848:Dominic de Guzmán
9818:Decretum Gratiani
9793:Berengar of Tours
9682:Early Middle Ages
9652:Peter Chrysologus
9602:Basil of Caesarea
9587:Ephrem the Syrian
9527:Antipope Novatian
9323:
9322:
9283:COVID-19 pandemic
9261:Pope Benedict XVI
9166:Pope John Paul II
8941:Pope Benedict XIV
8927:French Revolution
8911:Thirty Years' War
8901:Robert Bellarmine
8886:John of the Cross
8790:Pope Alexander VI
8775:Council of Vienne
8705:Francis of Assisi
8695:Pope Innocent III
8564:Early Middle Ages
8558:
8557:
8554:
8553:
8496:Arian controversy
8449:
8448:
8397:Apostolic Fathers
8048:
8047:
8014:
8013:
7942:Charta Oecumenica
7452:
7451:
7442:Iglesia ni Cristo
7257:
7256:
7237:French Revolution
7227:Thirty Years' War
7099:Apostolic fathers
7067:Great Commandment
6838:
6837:
6818:
6817:
6747:
6746:
6661:
6660:
6294:(sunset/evening)
6064:
6063:
5474:
5473:
4867:
4690:
4689:
4382:
4359:
4358:
4351:COVID-19 pandemic
4321:French Revolution
4311:Thirty Years' War
4219:Islamic conquests
4132:Apostolic fathers
4067:
3895:978-0-231-07515-2
2902:978-0-89870-723-6
2733:Missing or empty
2720:. 1 October 1989.
2542:978-0-06-124521-3
2426:978-1-58617-282-4
2257:Bertrand Lançon,
1795:978-0-8091-4334-4
1285:Apostolic throne.
1148:
1147:
1140:
1011:Pope John Paul II
245:John Henry Newman
181:
180:
173:
10766:
10714:
10713:
10555:Emmanuel Mounier
10550:Bernard Lonergan
10475:Georges Bernanos
10460:Jacques Maritain
10440:G. K. Chesterton
10329:Henri Lacordaire
10228:Cornelius Jansen
10223:François Fénelon
10153:Francis de Sales
10143:Francisco Suárez
10014:Nicholas of Cusa
9898:Siger of Brabant
9883:Boetius of Dacia
9863:Anthony of Padua
9808:Joachim of Fiore
9788:Gregory of Narek
9775:High Middle Ages
9720:John of Damascus
9612:Gregory of Nyssa
9350:
9343:
9336:
9327:
9326:
9313:
9312:
9301:
9300:
9299:
9278:Patriarch Kirill
9151:Pope John Paul I
8956:Anti-clericalism
8936:Pope Innocent XI
8856:Society of Jesus
8841:Council of Trent
8795:Age of Discovery
8740:Late Middle Ages
8642:High Middle Ages
8632:East–West Schism
8516:Pope Sylvester I
8462:
8461:
8451:
8450:
8361:General epistles
8356:Pauline epistles
8289:John the Baptist
8272:Great Commission
8234:
8233:
8185:Catholic culture
8075:
8068:
8061:
8052:
8051:
8038:
8037:
8028:
8027:
7871:Environmentalism
7821:Church buildings
7723:
7722:
7538:Eastern Orthodox
7533:Eastern Catholic
7445:
7444:
7412:Eastern Catholic
7390:Eastern Orthodox
7278:
7277:
7199:Age of Discovery
7184:East–West Schism
7082:Great Commission
7013:
7012:
6865:
6858:
6851:
6842:
6841:
6830:
6829:
6803:East Syriac Rite
6771:Alexandrian Rite
6760:Eastern Catholic
6753:Eastern Catholic
6628:Benedictine Rite
6616:
6615:
6556:
6555:
6550:liturgical rites
6539:
6538:
6458:Roman Pontifical
6314:(end of the day)
6248:Liturgical hours
6091:
6084:
6077:
6068:
6067:
6054:
6053:
6044:
6043:
5786:Redemptoristines
5634:Religious orders
5560:Anti-Catholicism
5510:Church buildings
5370:Catholic liturgy
5110:Consecrated life
4968:Apostolic Palace
4935:Synod of Bishops
4871:
4870:
4847:
4453:Ten Commandments
4386:
4385:
4368:
4269:Age of Discovery
4103:Great Commission
4071:
4070:
4055:
4009:
4002:
3995:
3986:
3985:
3976:
3968:
3966:"The Pope"
3899:
3880:
3600:
3593:
3587:
3580:
3574:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3556:
3549:
3543:
3538:
3532:
3527:
3521:
3507:
3501:
3495:
3489:
3480:
3474:
3467:
3461:
3456:
3450:
3443:
3437:
3427:
3421:
3415:
3409:
3402:
3396:
3389:
3383:
3376:
3370:
3363:
3357:
3350:
3344:
3338:
3332:
3325:
3319:
3312:
3306:
3299:
3293:
3286:
3280:
3269:
3263:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3237:
3225:
3219:
3216:
3210:
3203:
3197:
3190:
3184:
3173:
3167:
3160:
3154:
3143:
3137:
3130:
3124:
3117:
3111:
3102:
3096:
3093:
3087:
3081:
3075:
3068:
3062:
3055:
3049:
3038:
3032:
3025:
3019:
3008:
3002:
2995:
2989:
2982:
2976:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2952:
2946:
2939:
2933:
2926:
2920:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2891:Ray, Stephen K.
2888:
2882:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2864:
2861:
2855:
2847:
2841:
2836:
2830:
2825:
2819:
2814:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2792:
2786:
2783:
2777:
2776:, sections 40-41
2771:
2765:
2759:
2753:
2749:
2743:
2742:
2736:
2731:
2729:
2721:
2714:
2708:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2691:
2685:
2678:
2672:
2669:
2663:
2660:
2654:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2614:
2608:
2605:
2599:
2592:
2586:
2582:
2576:
2569:
2563:
2560:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2508:
2502:
2495:
2489:
2482:
2476:
2467:
2456:
2450:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2433:
2410:
2404:
2399:
2393:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2372:
2370:
2356:
2350:
2341:
2326:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2293:
2287:
2284:
2278:
2269:
2263:
2254:
2248:
2242:Henry W. Tajra,
2239:
2233:
2227:
2221:
2212:
2206:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2183:
2177:
2168:
2159:
2151:
2145:
2136:
2125:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2098:
2093:
2087:
2078:
2072:
2067:Richard McBrien
2065:
2059:
2058:
2050:
2044:
2038:
2032:
2023:
2017:
2010:
2004:
1995:
1986:
1969:
1963:
1949:
1943:
1934:
1928:
1923:
1917:
1914:
1908:
1903:
1897:
1889:
1883:
1878:
1872:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1843:
1837:
1828:
1822:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1804:
1802:
1779:
1763:
1759:
1718:Pontifex Maximus
1659:and then by the
1539:Eusebius wrote:
1534:Quartodecimanism
1434:only prescribes
1432:Rabbinic Judaism
1143:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1123:
1100:
1092:
934:In the document
727:East-West Schism
721:East-West Schism
683:deposit of faith
649:sedes apostolica
494:Lateran Basilica
453:Irenaeus of Lyon
176:
169:
165:
162:
156:
130:
129:
122:
107:Newer revision →
85:
82:
61:
59:current revision
51:
50:
46:
42:
41:
10774:
10773:
10769:
10768:
10767:
10765:
10764:
10763:
10759:Christian terms
10729:
10728:
10725:
10720:
10708:
10700:
10681:Jean-Luc Marion
10619:
10570:Marcel Lefebvre
10495:Romano Guardini
10450:Joseph Maréchal
10428:
10419:Maurice Blondel
10314:Antonio Rosmini
10309:Luigi Taparelli
10287:
10213:Louis Thomassin
10188:Pierre Gassendi
10171:
10167:
10157:
10108:Teresa of Ávila
10046:
10042:
10033:
10019:Marsilio Ficino
10009:Thomas à Kempis
9999:Devotio Moderna
9972:Johannes Tauler
9967:Meister Eckhart
9937:Dante Alighieri
9912:
9878:Albertus Magnus
9769:
9676:
9622:John Chrysostom
9550:
9546:
9536:
9449:Clement of Rome
9430:
9368:
9359:
9354:
9324:
9319:
9307:
9297:
9295:
9287:
9209:World Youth Day
9187:
9176:World Youth Day
9120:Pacem in terris
9114:Pope John XXIII
9053:
8980:
8971:Edict of Nantes
8929:
8925:
8915:
8881:Teresa of Ávila
8876:Tridentine Mass
8812:
8808:
8799:
8780:Knights Templar
8734:
8636:
8592:Gregorian chant
8550:
8476:
8473:
8470:
8468:
8457:
8445:
8372:
8241:
8229:
8221:
8088:
8086:Catholic Church
8079:
8049:
8044:
8022:
8010:
7964:
7919:
7837:
7718:
7712:
7667:
7592:One true church
7448:
7416:
7376:
7265:
7253:
7203:
7160:
7105:
7032:in Christianity
7018:
7004:
6998:
6990:
6949:
6925:
6917:
6874:
6869:
6839:
6834:
6824:
6814:
6781:Antiochene Rite
6761:
6757:
6754:
6743:
6733:Missa Venatoria
6657:
6653:Norbertine Rite
6643:Cistercian Rite
6638:Carthusian Rite
6614:
6596:Tridentine Mass
6586:Mass of Paul VI
6549:
6545:
6533:
6526:
6501:
6365:
6317:
6264:(early morning)
6246:
6243:Canonical hours
6237:
6160:
6112:
6110:Catholic Church
6095:
6065:
6060:
6038:
6030:
6009:
5992:Relief Services
5958:
5904:Catholic Action
5894:Military orders
5831:Confraternities
5823:of the faithful
5822:
5815:
5637:
5628:
5564:
5470:
5364:
5223:
5215:
5148:Prior, Prioress
5104:
4997:
4993:Vatican Museums
4944:
4877:
4863:
4859:
4855:
4851:
4846:
4840:
4765:
4719:Social teaching
4686:
4625:
4570:
4525:One true church
4489:
4466:Sixtine Vulgate
4462:Official Bible
4376:
4372:
4367:
4355:
4273:
4205:
4150:
4120:Petrine primacy
4063:
4059:
4054:
4046:
4018:
4016:Catholic Church
4013:
3954:
3896:
3877:
3608:
3603:
3594:
3590:
3581:
3577:
3572:
3568:
3563:
3559:
3550:
3546:
3539:
3535:
3528:
3524:
3514:– Book V, xxiv
3508:
3504:
3496:
3492:
3481:
3477:
3468:
3464:
3457:
3453:
3444:
3440:
3428:
3424:
3416:
3412:
3403:
3399:
3390:
3386:
3377:
3373:
3364:
3360:
3351:
3347:
3339:
3335:
3326:
3322:
3313:
3309:
3300:
3296:
3287:
3283:
3270:
3266:
3253:
3249:
3226:
3222:
3217:
3213:
3204:
3200:
3191:
3187:
3174:
3170:
3161:
3157:
3144:
3140:
3131:
3127:
3118:
3114:
3103:
3099:
3094:
3090:
3082:
3078:
3069:
3065:
3056:
3052:
3039:
3035:
3026:
3022:
3009:
3005:
2996:
2992:
2983:
2979:
2968:
2964:
2953:
2949:
2940:
2936:
2927:
2923:
2914:
2910:
2903:
2889:
2885:
2880:
2876:
2871:
2867:
2862:
2858:
2848:
2844:
2837:
2833:
2826:
2822:
2815:
2811:
2801:
2799:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2784:
2780:
2772:
2768:
2760:
2756:
2750:
2746:
2734:
2732:
2723:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2706:
2702:
2693:
2692:
2688:
2679:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2661:
2657:
2652:
2648:
2638:
2636:
2629:
2625:
2616:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2602:
2593:
2589:
2583:
2579:
2570:
2566:
2561:
2557:
2547:
2545:
2543:
2527:
2523:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2496:
2492:
2483:
2479:
2468:
2459:
2451:
2444:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2411:
2407:
2400:
2396:
2386:
2382:
2368:
2366:
2357:
2353:
2344:Aidan Nichols,
2342:
2329:
2319:
2315:
2305:
2303:
2294:
2290:
2285:
2281:
2270:
2266:
2255:
2251:
2240:
2236:
2228:
2224:
2213:
2209:
2198:
2194:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2169:
2162:
2152:
2148:
2137:
2128:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2094:
2090:
2079:
2075:
2066:
2062:
2051:
2047:
2039:
2035:
2024:
2020:
2011:
2007:
1996:
1989:
1970:
1966:
1950:
1946:
1935:
1931:
1924:
1920:
1915:
1911:
1904:
1900:
1890:
1886:
1879:
1875:
1864:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1840:
1829:
1825:
1818:
1814:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1767:
1766:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1728:Papal supremacy
1709:
1700:
1665:Orthodox Church
1651:
1630:
1624:
1596:
1557:
1530:
1497:
1454:
1410:
1404:
1392:John Chrysostom
1364:
1351:John Chrysostom
1253:
1237:John Chrysostom
1206:
1200:
1173:
1171:Protestant view
1156:papal supremacy
1144:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1113:
1101:
1090:
1033:
1021:
1003:
977:
972:
946:and which lack
932:
927:
897:
869:Pastor aeternus
862:papal supremacy
838:
830:Anglican Church
807:
755:
750:
729:
723:
691:
678:depositum fidei
665:
645:
633:
607:Pope Boniface I
603:Pope Innocent I
545:
536:Valentinian III
527:
515:
482:
450:
421:
415:
406:
392:
374:were martyred.
364:
356:twelve Apostles
317:
311:
224:
177:
166:
160:
157:
146:
131:
127:
118:
117:
116:
115:
114:
99:Latest revision
87:
86:
83:
72:
70:
57:
48:
31:
29:
12:
11:
5:
10772:
10762:
10761:
10756:
10751:
10746:
10741:
10722:
10721:
10719:
10718:
10705:
10702:
10701:
10699:
10698:
10693:
10688:
10683:
10678:
10673:
10668:
10663:
10658:
10653:
10648:
10643:
10638:
10633:
10627:
10625:
10621:
10620:
10618:
10617:
10612:
10607:
10602:
10597:
10592:
10587:
10582:
10577:
10572:
10567:
10562:
10557:
10552:
10547:
10542:
10537:
10532:
10527:
10522:
10517:
10512:
10510:Henri de Lubac
10507:
10502:
10497:
10492:
10487:
10485:Gabriel Marcel
10482:
10477:
10472:
10467:
10465:Étienne Gilson
10462:
10457:
10452:
10447:
10442:
10436:
10434:
10430:
10429:
10427:
10426:
10421:
10416:
10414:George Tyrrell
10411:
10406:
10401:
10396:
10391:
10386:
10381:
10376:
10374:Émile Boutroux
10371:
10366:
10361:
10356:
10354:Giuseppe Pecci
10351:
10346:
10341:
10336:
10331:
10326:
10321:
10316:
10311:
10306:
10301:
10295:
10293:
10289:
10288:
10286:
10285:
10280:
10275:
10270:
10265:
10260:
10255:
10250:
10245:
10240:
10235:
10225:
10220:
10215:
10210:
10205:
10203:António Vieira
10200:
10195:
10193:René Descartes
10190:
10185:
10180:
10174:
10172:
10164:Baroque period
10162:
10159:
10158:
10156:
10155:
10150:
10145:
10140:
10135:
10128:Luis de Molina
10125:
10123:Peter Canisius
10120:
10115:
10110:
10105:
10103:Francis Xavier
10100:
10095:
10090:
10085:
10080:
10075:
10070:
10065:
10060:
10058:Thomas Cajetan
10055:
10049:
10047:
10038:
10035:
10034:
10032:
10031:
10026:
10021:
10016:
10011:
10006:
10001:
9996:
9991:
9989:Heinrich Seuse
9986:
9979:
9974:
9969:
9964:
9959:
9954:
9949:
9944:
9939:
9934:
9929:
9923:
9921:
9914:
9913:
9911:
9910:
9905:
9900:
9895:
9893:Thomas Aquinas
9890:
9888:Henry of Ghent
9885:
9880:
9875:
9870:
9865:
9860:
9855:
9850:
9845:
9840:
9835:
9833:Anselm of Laon
9830:
9825:
9820:
9815:
9810:
9805:
9800:
9795:
9790:
9785:
9779:
9777:
9771:
9770:
9768:
9767:
9762:
9757:
9755:Rabanus Maurus
9752:
9747:
9742:
9737:
9732:
9727:
9722:
9717:
9712:
9707:
9702:
9697:
9692:
9686:
9684:
9678:
9677:
9675:
9674:
9672:Pope Gregory I
9669:
9664:
9659:
9654:
9649:
9644:
9639:
9634:
9629:
9624:
9619:
9614:
9609:
9604:
9599:
9594:
9589:
9584:
9579:
9574:
9569:
9564:
9559:
9553:
9551:
9548:Pope Gregory I
9541:
9538:
9537:
9535:
9534:
9529:
9524:
9519:
9514:
9509:
9504:
9497:
9492:
9487:
9480:
9473:
9468:
9463:
9456:
9451:
9446:
9440:
9438:
9432:
9431:
9429:
9428:
9423:
9422:
9421:
9419:Biblical canon
9416:
9409:Catholic Bible
9406:
9401:
9400:
9399:
9389:
9388:
9387:
9376:
9374:
9370:
9369:
9364:
9361:
9360:
9353:
9352:
9345:
9338:
9330:
9321:
9320:
9318:
9317:
9305:
9292:
9289:
9288:
9286:
9285:
9280:
9275:
9268:
9263:
9258:
9257:
9256:
9251:
9246:
9241:
9236:
9231:
9226:
9221:
9216:
9206:
9201:
9195:
9193:
9189:
9188:
9186:
9185:
9184:
9183:
9173:
9168:
9163:
9158:
9153:
9148:
9138:
9133:
9128:
9123:
9116:
9111:
9104:
9099:
9097:Lateran Treaty
9094:
9089:
9084:
9079:
9074:
9069:
9063:
9061:
9055:
9054:
9052:
9051:
9044:
9039:
9034:
9029:
9024:
9019:
9014:
9009:
9004:
8999:
8994:
8988:
8986:
8982:
8981:
8979:
8978:
8973:
8968:
8963:
8958:
8953:
8948:
8943:
8938:
8932:
8930:
8922:Baroque period
8920:
8917:
8916:
8914:
8913:
8908:
8903:
8898:
8893:
8891:Peter Canisius
8888:
8883:
8878:
8873:
8868:
8866:Francis Xavier
8863:
8858:
8853:
8848:
8843:
8838:
8833:
8830:Exsurge Domine
8826:
8821:
8815:
8813:
8804:
8801:
8800:
8798:
8797:
8792:
8787:
8782:
8777:
8772:
8770:Pope Clement V
8767:
8766:
8765:
8763:Avignon Papacy
8758:Western Schism
8755:
8750:
8748:Thomas Aquinas
8744:
8742:
8736:
8735:
8733:
8732:
8727:
8722:
8717:
8712:
8707:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8682:
8677:
8672:
8667:
8662:
8657:
8652:
8646:
8644:
8638:
8637:
8635:
8634:
8629:
8624:
8619:
8614:
8609:
8604:
8602:Saint Boniface
8599:
8594:
8589:
8587:Pope Gregory I
8584:
8579:
8574:
8568:
8566:
8560:
8559:
8556:
8555:
8552:
8551:
8549:
8548:
8543:
8538:
8533:
8528:
8526:Biblical canon
8523:
8518:
8513:
8508:
8503:
8498:
8493:
8492:
8491:
8480:
8478:
8459:
8455:Late antiquity
8447:
8446:
8444:
8443:
8438:
8433:
8428:
8423:
8422:
8421:
8416:
8415:
8414:
8409:
8404:
8402:Pope Clement I
8392:Church Fathers
8389:
8383:
8381:
8374:
8373:
8371:
8370:
8369:
8368:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8348:
8343:
8333:
8328:
8323:
8318:
8317:
8316:
8311:
8306:
8301:
8291:
8286:
8281:
8276:
8275:
8274:
8269:
8264:
8259:
8248:
8246:
8231:
8223:
8222:
8220:
8219:
8214:
8209:
8204:
8199:
8198:
8197:
8192:
8182:
8177:
8172:
8167:
8162:
8161:
8160:
8155:
8153:Biblical canon
8148:Catholic Bible
8145:
8144:
8143:
8133:
8132:
8131:
8121:
8116:
8111:
8110:
8109:
8098:
8096:
8090:
8089:
8078:
8077:
8070:
8063:
8055:
8046:
8045:
8043:
8042:
8032:
8019:
8016:
8015:
8012:
8011:
8009:
8008:
8003:
7998:
7993:
7988:
7983:
7978:
7972:
7970:
7966:
7965:
7963:
7962:
7957:
7956:
7955:
7950:
7945:
7933:
7927:
7925:
7921:
7920:
7918:
7917:
7912:
7907:
7902:
7897:
7888:
7883:
7881:Fundamentalism
7878:
7876:Existentialism
7873:
7868:
7863:
7858:
7853:
7847:
7845:
7839:
7838:
7836:
7835:
7830:
7829:
7828:
7818:
7813:
7808:
7803:
7798:
7793:
7788:
7787:
7786:
7776:
7775:
7774:
7769:
7767:God the Father
7764:
7759:
7754:
7744:
7743:
7742:
7731:
7729:
7720:
7714:
7713:
7711:
7710:
7705:
7700:
7699:
7698:
7688:
7683:
7677:
7675:
7669:
7668:
7666:
7665:
7664:
7663:
7653:
7648:
7647:
7646:
7641:
7636:
7631:
7626:
7621:
7616:
7606:
7605:
7604:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7587:Body of Christ
7584:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7563:
7562:
7552:
7547:
7546:
7545:
7540:
7535:
7530:
7520:
7515:
7510:
7505:
7500:
7495:
7490:
7489:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7473:
7462:
7460:
7454:
7453:
7450:
7449:
7447:
7446:
7437:
7432:
7426:
7424:
7422:Restorationist
7418:
7417:
7415:
7414:
7409:
7404:
7399:
7398:
7397:
7386:
7384:
7378:
7377:
7375:
7374:
7369:
7368:
7367:
7362:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7286:
7284:
7275:
7259:
7258:
7255:
7254:
7252:
7251:
7250:
7249:
7239:
7234:
7229:
7224:
7219:
7213:
7211:
7205:
7204:
7202:
7201:
7196:
7191:
7186:
7181:
7176:
7170:
7168:
7162:
7161:
7159:
7158:
7153:
7148:
7147:
7146:
7141:
7131:
7126:
7124:Late antiquity
7121:
7115:
7113:
7107:
7106:
7104:
7103:
7102:
7101:
7094:Church fathers
7091:
7086:
7085:
7084:
7079:
7074:
7069:
7064:
7059:
7054:
7049:
7044:
7039:
7034:
7023:
7021:
7010:
6992:
6991:
6989:
6988:
6983:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6957:
6955:
6951:
6950:
6948:
6947:
6942:
6937:
6931:
6929:
6919:
6918:
6916:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6900:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6879:
6876:
6875:
6868:
6867:
6860:
6853:
6845:
6836:
6835:
6823:
6820:
6819:
6816:
6815:
6813:
6812:
6811:
6810:
6800:
6798:Byzantine Rite
6795:
6794:
6793:
6788:
6778:
6773:
6767:
6765:
6749:
6748:
6745:
6744:
6742:
6741:
6736:
6729:
6722:
6715:
6710:
6709:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6680:
6678:Aquileian Rite
6675:
6669:
6667:
6663:
6662:
6659:
6658:
6656:
6655:
6650:
6648:Dominican Rite
6645:
6640:
6635:
6633:Carmelite Rite
6630:
6624:
6622:
6613:
6612:
6611:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6599:
6598:
6588:
6578:
6576:Mozarabic Rite
6573:
6568:
6566:Ambrosian Rite
6562:
6560:
6553:
6536:
6528:
6527:
6525:
6524:
6523:
6522:
6511:
6509:
6503:
6502:
6500:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6483:
6482:
6477:
6467:
6462:
6461:
6460:
6450:
6445:
6444:
6443:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6402:
6401:
6399:Roman Breviary
6391:
6386:
6381:
6375:
6373:
6367:
6366:
6364:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6352:
6351:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6325:
6323:
6319:
6318:
6316:
6315:
6309:
6308:
6307:
6301:
6289:
6283:
6277:
6271:
6265:
6259:
6252:
6250:
6239:
6238:
6236:
6235:
6234:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6211:
6201:
6196:
6191:
6190:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6172:Divine Liturgy
6168:
6166:
6162:
6161:
6159:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6122:
6120:
6114:
6113:
6094:
6093:
6086:
6079:
6071:
6062:
6061:
6059:
6058:
6048:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6010:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5968:
5966:
5960:
5959:
5957:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5939:Legion of Mary
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5890:
5889:
5888:
5887:
5877:
5876:
5875:
5868:Lay Carmelites
5865:
5855:
5854:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5838:
5827:
5825:
5817:
5816:
5814:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5793:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5716:Conceptionists
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5651:Assumptionists
5647:
5645:
5630:
5629:
5627:
5626:
5619:
5612:
5605:
5602:
5601:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5580:
5574:
5572:
5566:
5565:
5563:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5518:
5517:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5496:
5495:
5484:
5482:
5476:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5468:
5467:
5466:
5465:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5419:
5418:
5417:
5416:
5415:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5374:
5372:
5366:
5365:
5363:
5362:
5361:
5360:
5355:
5353:Syro-Malankara
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5303:Italo-Albanian
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5235:
5229:
5227:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5213:
5212:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5191:
5186:
5185:
5184:
5174:
5173:
5172:
5167:
5157:
5152:
5151:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5121:
5114:
5112:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5030:
5029:
5028:
5023:
5012:
5010:
4999:
4998:
4996:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4973:Lateran Treaty
4970:
4965:
4960:
4954:
4952:
4946:
4945:
4943:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4931:
4930:
4920:
4919:
4918:
4913:
4899:
4894:
4885:
4883:
4868:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4792:
4791:
4786:
4775:
4773:
4767:
4766:
4764:
4763:
4762:
4761:
4756:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4734:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4709:Moral theology
4706:
4700:
4698:
4692:
4691:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4684:
4679:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4635:
4633:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4580:
4578:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4568:
4563:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4539:
4534:
4533:
4532:
4527:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4499:
4497:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4481:
4480:
4473:
4468:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4409:
4408:
4403:
4392:
4390:
4383:
4361:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4307:
4306:
4305:
4304:
4294:
4283:
4281:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4224:Pope Gregory I
4221:
4215:
4213:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4203:
4198:
4196:Biblical canon
4193:
4191:Late antiquity
4188:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4171:
4166:
4160:
4158:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4147:
4146:
4136:
4135:
4134:
4127:Church fathers
4124:
4123:
4122:
4117:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4079:
4077:
4068:
4061:Ecclesiastical
4048:
4047:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4023:
4020:
4019:
4012:
4011:
4004:
3997:
3989:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3960:
3953:
3952:External links
3950:
3949:
3948:
3941:
3935:
3928:
3921:
3914:
3907:
3900:
3894:
3881:
3875:
3862:
3855:
3848:
3841:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3817:
3811:
3804:
3794:
3787:
3780:
3773:
3766:
3759:
3752:
3745:
3738:
3731:
3724:
3717:
3710:
3703:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3675:
3668:
3661:
3654:
3647:
3640:
3633:
3626:Annales Romani
3623:
3616:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3601:
3588:
3575:
3566:
3557:
3544:
3533:
3522:
3502:
3490:
3485:Church History
3475:
3462:
3451:
3438:
3422:
3410:
3397:
3384:
3371:
3358:
3345:
3333:
3320:
3307:
3294:
3281:
3264:
3247:
3220:
3211:
3198:
3185:
3168:
3155:
3138:
3134:On the Trinity
3125:
3112:
3097:
3088:
3076:
3063:
3050:
3033:
3020:
3003:
2999:On the Trinity
2990:
2977:
2962:
2947:
2941:Timothy Ware,
2934:
2932:, vol. 8, 368.
2921:
2908:
2901:
2883:
2874:
2865:
2856:
2842:
2831:
2820:
2809:
2787:
2778:
2766:
2754:
2744:
2709:
2700:
2686:
2673:
2664:
2655:
2646:
2623:
2609:
2600:
2598:The CLC Press.
2587:
2577:
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2057:. p. 289.
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2018:
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1179:sola scriptura
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1165:solus Christus
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669:Pope Gregory I
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9977:Walter Hilton
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9947:Richard Rolle
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9828:Peter Lombard
9826:
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9813:Peter Abelard
9811:
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9708:
9706:
9705:Monothelitism
9703:
9701:
9698:
9696:
9695:John Climacus
9693:
9691:
9688:
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9608:
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9582:Monophysitism
9580:
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9495:Justin Martyr
9493:
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9424:
9420:
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9411:
9410:
9407:
9405:
9402:
9398:
9397:Papal primacy
9395:
9394:
9393:
9390:
9386:
9383:
9382:
9381:
9378:
9377:
9375:
9371:
9367:
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9179:
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9167:
9164:
9162:
9159:
9157:
9156:Mother Teresa
9154:
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9142:
9139:
9137:
9134:
9132:
9129:
9127:
9124:
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9112:
9110:
9109:
9105:
9103:
9100:
9098:
9095:
9093:
9090:
9088:
9085:
9083:
9082:Pope Pius XII
9080:
9078:
9075:
9073:
9070:
9068:
9065:
9064:
9062:
9060:
9056:
9050:
9049:
9048:Rerum novarum
9045:
9043:
9040:
9038:
9035:
9033:
9032:Pope Leo XIII
9030:
9028:
9025:
9023:
9020:
9018:
9015:
9013:
9010:
9008:
9005:
9003:
9002:United States
9000:
8998:
8995:
8993:
8992:Pope Pius VII
8990:
8989:
8987:
8983:
8977:
8974:
8972:
8969:
8967:
8964:
8962:
8959:
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8817:
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8814:
8811:
8807:
8802:
8796:
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8781:
8778:
8776:
8773:
8771:
8768:
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8754:
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8708:
8706:
8703:
8701:
8698:
8696:
8693:
8691:
8688:
8686:
8683:
8681:
8678:
8676:
8675:Scholasticism
8673:
8671:
8668:
8666:
8663:
8661:
8658:
8656:
8653:
8651:
8650:Pope Urban II
8648:
8647:
8645:
8643:
8639:
8633:
8630:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8620:
8618:
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8608:
8605:
8603:
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8598:
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8509:
8507:
8504:
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8497:
8494:
8490:
8487:
8486:
8485:
8482:
8481:
8479:
8475:
8467:
8463:
8460:
8456:
8452:
8442:
8439:
8437:
8434:
8432:
8429:
8427:
8426:Justin Martyr
8424:
8420:
8417:
8413:
8410:
8408:
8405:
8403:
8400:
8399:
8398:
8395:
8394:
8393:
8390:
8388:
8385:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8375:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8354:
8352:
8349:
8347:
8344:
8342:
8339:
8338:
8337:
8336:New Testament
8334:
8332:
8329:
8327:
8324:
8322:
8319:
8315:
8312:
8310:
8307:
8305:
8302:
8300:
8299:Commissioning
8297:
8296:
8295:
8292:
8290:
8287:
8285:
8282:
8280:
8277:
8273:
8270:
8268:
8265:
8263:
8260:
8258:
8255:
8254:
8253:
8250:
8249:
8247:
8244:
8243:Apostolic Age
8239:
8235:
8232:
8228:
8224:
8218:
8215:
8213:
8210:
8208:
8205:
8203:
8200:
8196:
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8188:
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8186:
8183:
8181:
8178:
8176:
8173:
8171:
8168:
8166:
8163:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8150:
8149:
8146:
8142:
8139:
8138:
8137:
8134:
8130:
8129:Papal primacy
8127:
8126:
8125:
8122:
8120:
8117:
8115:
8112:
8108:
8105:
8104:
8103:
8100:
8099:
8097:
8095:
8091:
8087:
8083:
8076:
8071:
8069:
8064:
8062:
8057:
8056:
8053:
8041:
8033:
8031:
8026:
8021:
8020:
8017:
8007:
8004:
8002:
7999:
7997:
7994:
7992:
7989:
7987:
7984:
7982:
7979:
7977:
7974:
7973:
7971:
7967:
7961:
7958:
7954:
7951:
7949:
7946:
7944:
7943:
7939:
7938:
7937:
7934:
7932:
7929:
7928:
7926:
7922:
7916:
7913:
7911:
7908:
7906:
7903:
7901:
7898:
7896:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7882:
7879:
7877:
7874:
7872:
7869:
7867:
7864:
7862:
7859:
7857:
7854:
7852:
7849:
7848:
7846:
7844:
7840:
7834:
7831:
7827:
7824:
7823:
7822:
7819:
7817:
7816:Popular piety
7814:
7812:
7809:
7807:
7804:
7802:
7799:
7797:
7794:
7792:
7789:
7785:
7782:
7781:
7780:
7777:
7773:
7770:
7768:
7765:
7763:
7760:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7749:
7748:
7745:
7741:
7738:
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7736:
7733:
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7730:
7728:
7724:
7721:
7715:
7709:
7706:
7704:
7701:
7697:
7694:
7693:
7692:
7689:
7687:
7684:
7682:
7679:
7678:
7676:
7674:
7670:
7662:
7659:
7658:
7657:
7654:
7652:
7649:
7645:
7642:
7640:
7637:
7635:
7632:
7630:
7627:
7625:
7622:
7620:
7617:
7615:
7612:
7611:
7610:
7607:
7603:
7600:
7598:
7597:People of God
7595:
7593:
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7579:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7561:
7558:
7557:
7556:
7553:
7551:
7548:
7544:
7541:
7539:
7536:
7534:
7531:
7529:
7526:
7525:
7524:
7521:
7519:
7516:
7514:
7511:
7509:
7506:
7504:
7501:
7499:
7496:
7494:
7491:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7468:
7467:
7464:
7463:
7461:
7459:
7455:
7443:
7438:
7436:
7433:
7431:
7428:
7427:
7425:
7423:
7419:
7413:
7410:
7408:
7405:
7403:
7400:
7396:
7393:
7392:
7391:
7388:
7387:
7385:
7383:
7379:
7373:
7370:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7307:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7287:
7285:
7283:
7279:
7276:
7273:
7269:
7264:
7263:Denominations
7260:
7248:
7245:
7244:
7243:
7240:
7238:
7235:
7233:
7232:Enlightenment
7230:
7228:
7225:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7215:
7214:
7212:
7210:
7206:
7200:
7197:
7195:
7192:
7190:
7187:
7185:
7182:
7180:
7177:
7175:
7172:
7171:
7169:
7167:
7163:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7149:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7137:
7136:
7135:
7132:
7130:
7127:
7125:
7122:
7120:
7117:
7116:
7114:
7112:
7108:
7100:
7097:
7096:
7095:
7092:
7090:
7087:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7048:
7045:
7043:
7040:
7038:
7035:
7033:
7030:
7029:
7028:
7025:
7024:
7022:
7020:
7014:
7011:
7008:
7002:
6997:
6993:
6987:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6959:
6958:
6956:
6952:
6946:
6945:New Testament
6943:
6941:
6940:Old Testament
6938:
6936:
6933:
6932:
6930:
6928:
6924:
6920:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6906:
6904:
6901:
6899:
6896:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6880:
6877:
6873:
6866:
6861:
6859:
6854:
6852:
6847:
6846:
6843:
6833:
6828:
6821:
6809:
6806:
6805:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6783:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6776:Armenian Rite
6774:
6772:
6769:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6756:
6750:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6734:
6730:
6728:
6727:
6723:
6721:
6720:
6719:Missa Nautica
6716:
6714:
6713:Gallican Rite
6711:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6683:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6670:
6668:
6664:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6625:
6623:
6621:
6617:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6597:
6594:
6593:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6583:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6571:Rite of Braga
6569:
6567:
6564:
6563:
6561:
6557:
6554:
6551:
6544:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6529:
6521:
6518:
6517:
6516:
6513:
6512:
6510:
6508:
6504:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6472:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6459:
6456:
6455:
6454:
6451:
6449:
6446:
6442:
6439:
6438:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6400:
6397:
6396:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6389:Book of hours
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6376:
6374:
6372:
6368:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6350:
6347:
6346:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6326:
6324:
6320:
6313:
6310:
6305:
6302:
6299:
6296:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6287:
6284:
6281:
6278:
6275:
6272:
6269:
6266:
6263:
6260:
6257:
6254:
6253:
6251:
6249:
6244:
6240:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6216:
6215:Missa Cantata
6212:
6210:
6207:
6206:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6174:
6173:
6170:
6169:
6167:
6163:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6123:
6121:
6119:
6115:
6111:
6107:
6103:
6099:
6092:
6087:
6085:
6080:
6078:
6073:
6072:
6069:
6057:
6049:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6036:
6033:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6011:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5987:Home Missions
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5969:
5967:
5965:
5961:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5886:
5883:
5882:
5881:
5880:Saint Francis
5878:
5874:
5871:
5870:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5863:Saint Dominic
5861:
5860:
5859:
5856:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5833:
5832:
5829:
5828:
5826:
5824:
5818:
5812:
5809:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5676:Bethlehemites
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5648:
5646:
5644:
5640:
5635:
5631:
5625:
5624:
5620:
5618:
5617:
5613:
5611:
5610:
5606:
5603:
5599:
5598:Vatican Radio
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5585:
5584:
5583:Vatican Media
5581:
5579:
5576:
5575:
5573:
5571:
5567:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5516:
5513:
5512:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5489:
5486:
5485:
5483:
5481:
5477:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5444:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5424:
5423:
5420:
5414:
5411:
5410:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5380:
5379:
5376:
5375:
5373:
5371:
5367:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5230:
5228:
5226:
5222:
5218:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5196:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5183:
5180:
5179:
5178:
5175:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5162:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5130:
5127:
5126:
5125:
5122:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5111:
5107:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5034:
5031:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5018:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5004:
5000:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4953:
4951:
4947:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4929:
4926:
4925:
4924:
4921:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4908:
4907:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4880:List of popes
4876:
4872:
4869:
4866:
4862:
4858:
4854:
4850:
4843:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4781:
4780:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4772:
4768:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4750:
4747:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4738:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4701:
4699:
4697:
4693:
4683:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4664:Mother of God
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4628:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4610:
4607:
4606:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4579:
4577:
4573:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4561:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4549:People of God
4547:
4545:
4544:
4540:
4538:
4537:Infallibility
4535:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4522:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4505:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4496:
4492:
4486:
4483:
4479:
4478:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4413:Body and soul
4411:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4387:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4375:
4371:
4366:
4362:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4316:Enlightenment
4314:
4312:
4309:
4303:
4300:
4299:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4287:Protestantism
4285:
4284:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4264:Scholasticism
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4249:Schism (1378)
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4234:Schism (1054)
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4214:
4212:
4208:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4157:
4153:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4140:
4137:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4128:
4125:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4111:
4108:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4085:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4076:
4072:
4069:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4053:
4049:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4021:
4017:
4010:
4005:
4003:
3998:
3996:
3991:
3990:
3987:
3981:
3978:
3974:
3973:
3967:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3955:
3946:
3942:
3940:
3936:
3933:
3929:
3926:
3922:
3919:
3915:
3912:
3908:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3891:
3887:
3882:
3878:
3876:0-8146-5522-X
3872:
3868:
3867:Papal Primacy
3863:
3860:
3856:
3853:
3849:
3846:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3832:
3829:
3825:
3822:
3818:
3816:
3812:
3809:
3805:
3802:
3798:
3795:
3792:
3788:
3785:
3781:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3767:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3753:
3750:
3746:
3743:
3739:
3736:
3732:
3729:
3725:
3722:
3718:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3704:
3701:
3697:
3694:
3690:
3687:
3683:
3680:
3676:
3673:
3669:
3666:
3662:
3659:
3655:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3641:
3638:
3634:
3631:
3627:
3624:
3621:
3617:
3614:
3610:
3609:
3598:
3592:
3585:
3579:
3570:
3561:
3554:
3548:
3542:
3537:
3531:
3526:
3519:
3515:
3513:
3506:
3500:
3494:
3488:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3466:
3460:
3455:
3448:
3442:
3435:
3431:
3426:
3419:
3414:
3407:
3401:
3394:
3388:
3381:
3375:
3368:
3362:
3355:
3349:
3342:
3337:
3330:
3324:
3317:
3311:
3304:
3298:
3291:
3285:
3278:
3274:
3268:
3261:
3257:
3251:
3243:
3236:
3231:
3224:
3215:
3208:
3202:
3196:Chapter 10.45
3195:
3189:
3182:
3178:
3172:
3165:
3159:
3152:
3148:
3142:
3135:
3129:
3122:
3116:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3092:
3085:
3080:
3073:
3067:
3061:Chapter 10.45
3060:
3054:
3047:
3043:
3037:
3030:
3024:
3017:
3013:
3007:
3000:
2994:
2987:
2981:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2938:
2931:
2925:
2918:
2912:
2904:
2898:
2894:
2887:
2878:
2869:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2846:
2840:
2835:
2829:
2824:
2818:
2813:
2797:
2791:
2782:
2775:
2770:
2764:
2758:
2748:
2740:
2727:
2719:
2713:
2704:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2677:
2668:
2659:
2650:
2634:
2627:
2619:
2613:
2604:
2597:
2591:
2581:
2574:
2568:
2559:
2544:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2525:
2518:. New Advent.
2517:
2515:
2507:
2500:
2494:
2487:
2481:
2475:
2473:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2455:
2449:
2447:
2439:
2428:
2422:
2418:
2417:
2409:
2403:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2384:
2377:
2364:
2363:
2355:
2349:
2347:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2325:
2323:
2317:
2301:
2300:
2292:
2283:
2277:
2275:
2268:
2262:
2260:
2253:
2247:
2245:
2238:
2231:
2226:
2220:
2218:
2211:
2205:
2203:
2196:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2174:
2167:
2165:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2144:
2142:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2121:
2112:
2103:
2097:
2092:
2086:
2084:
2077:
2070:
2064:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2037:
2030:
2028:
2022:
2015:
2014:Papal Primacy
2009:
2003:
2001:
1994:
1992:
1985:
1983:
1980:Paul Misner,
1977:
1975:
1968:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1948:
1942:
1940:
1933:
1927:
1922:
1913:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1888:
1882:
1877:
1871:
1869:
1862:
1853:
1847:
1842:
1836:
1834:
1827:
1821:
1816:
1809:
1797:
1791:
1787:
1786:
1778:
1774:
1758:
1754:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1704:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1645:
1643:
1642:modus vivendi
1637:
1635:
1629:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1591:
1589:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1552:
1550:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1505:
1500:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1468:
1462:
1458:
1449:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1415:
1409:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1376:Matthew 18:18
1373:
1372:Matthew 16:18
1369:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1248:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1221:Matthew 16:18
1217:
1215:
1214:Matthew 16:18
1211:
1205:
1198:Orthodox view
1195:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1181:
1180:
1168:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1142:
1139:
1131:
1121:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1105:This section
1103:
1099:
1094:
1093:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1028:
1026:
1019:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1007:Robert Runcie
997:
992:
990:
984:
982:
967:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
922:
918:
914:
912:
911:Lumen Gentium
908:
907:
906:Lumen Gentium
902:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
874:
870:
865:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
833:
831:
827:
822:
820:
816:
812:
811:Martin Luther
802:
799:
798:Andronicus II
795:
789:
787:
782:
781:in the East.
780:
776:
772:
769:that divided
768:
764:
760:
745:
742:
738:
734:
728:
718:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
686:
684:
680:
679:
674:
671:(590-604) to
670:
660:
658:
654:
653:apostolic see
650:
640:
637:
625:
624:
623:
621:
620:Pope Gelasius
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
599:Pope Siricius
596:
595:Matthew 16:18
592:
588:
587:Apostolic See
582:
580:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
549:
540:
537:
533:
532:Theodosius II
522:
520:
510:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
477:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
445:
441:
439:
434:
429:
427:
420:
410:
400:
395:
387:
385:
384:Apostolic See
381:
377:
373:
369:
359:
357:
353:
347:
342:
340:
337:In the West,
334:
332:
325:
323:
316:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
276:
274:
270:
266:
265:To the Romans
262:
257:
253:
248:
246:
240:
238:
234:
230:
219:
215:
212:
208:
204:
203:
198:
194:
190:
186:
175:
172:
164:
154:
150:
144:
143:
139:
133:
124:
123:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
80:
76:
71:
69:Laurel Lodged
64:
63:
60:
55:
39:
35:
30:
28:Laurel Lodged
23:
10726:
10676:Peter Kreeft
10624:21st century
10615:Henri Nouwen
10525:Jean Guitton
10505:Fulton Sheen
10433:20th century
10334:Jaime Balmes
10292:19th century
10113:Luis de León
9994:Geert Groote
9981:
9798:Peter Damian
9637:John Cassian
9577:Nestorianism
9499:
9482:
9475:
9458:
9436:Early Church
9270:
9266:Pope Francis
9192:21st century
9141:Pope Paul VI
9118:
9106:
9059:20th century
9046:
8997:Pope Pius IX
8985:19th century
8961:Pope Pius VI
8828:
8700:Latin Empire
8670:Universities
8622:Pope Leo III
8489:Christianity
8474:state church
8466:Great Church
8267:Resurrection
8230:(30–325/476)
8227:Early Church
8212:Latin Church
8207:Papal States
8202:Vatican City
7940:
7735:Architecture
7629:Confirmation
7577:Ecclesiology
7508:Original sin
7498:Nicene Creed
7295:Old Catholic
7179:Papal States
7111:Great Church
7077:Resurrection
7019:Christianity
6976:New Covenant
6927:(Scriptures)
6872:Christianity
6731:
6724:
6717:
6696:Hereford Use
6673:African Rite
6603:Anglican Use
6543:Latin Church
6497:Sacramentary
6492:Roman Ritual
6480:Roman Missal
6288:(ninth hour)
6276:(third hour)
6213:
6199:Holy Qurbono
6194:Holy Qurbana
6131:Confirmation
6026:Universities
5858:Third orders
5821:Associations
5811:Visitandines
5806:Trinitarians
5756:Mercedarians
5741:Hieronymites
5686:Camaldoleses
5671:Benedictines
5661:Augustinians
5621:
5614:
5607:
5588:Vatican News
5542:Distinctions
5348:Syro-Malabar
5233:Latin Church
5155:Grand master
5053:Metropolitan
4950:Vatican City
4845:Organisation
4724:Philosophers
4589:Confirmation
4566:In canon law
4560:Subsistit in
4558:
4554:Three states
4541:
4502:
4495:Ecclesiology
4477:Nova Vulgata
4475:
4433:Original sin
4428:Nicene Creed
4418:Divine grace
4377:
4259:Universities
4229:Papal States
4156:Great Church
4098:Resurrection
4075:Early Church
3970:
3944:
3938:
3931:
3924:
3917:
3910:
3903:
3885:
3866:
3858:
3851:
3844:
3834:
3827:
3820:
3814:
3807:
3800:
3790:
3783:
3776:
3769:
3762:
3755:
3748:
3741:
3734:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3671:
3664:
3657:
3650:
3643:
3636:
3629:
3625:
3619:
3612:
3596:
3591:
3583:
3578:
3569:
3560:
3552:
3547:
3536:
3525:
3517:
3511:
3505:
3493:
3484:
3478:
3470:
3465:
3454:
3446:
3441:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3417:
3413:
3405:
3400:
3392:
3387:
3379:
3374:
3366:
3361:
3353:
3348:
3340:
3336:
3328:
3323:
3315:
3310:
3302:
3297:
3289:
3284:
3276:
3272:
3267:
3259:
3255:
3250:
3241:
3233:
3229:
3223:
3214:
3206:
3201:
3193:
3188:
3180:
3176:
3171:
3163:
3158:
3150:
3141:
3136:. Book VI.37
3133:
3128:
3120:
3115:
3107:
3100:
3091:
3083:
3079:
3071:
3066:
3058:
3053:
3045:
3041:
3036:
3028:
3023:
3015:
3006:
3001:. Book VI.37
2998:
2993:
2985:
2980:
2972:
2965:
2956:
2950:
2942:
2937:
2929:
2924:
2916:
2911:
2892:
2886:
2877:
2868:
2859:
2851:
2845:
2834:
2823:
2812:
2800:. Retrieved
2790:
2781:
2769:
2757:
2747:
2735:|title=
2726:cite journal
2717:
2712:
2703:
2689:
2681:
2676:
2667:
2658:
2649:
2637:. Retrieved
2626:
2612:
2603:
2595:
2590:
2580:
2567:
2558:
2546:. Retrieved
2531:
2524:
2513:
2506:
2498:
2493:
2485:
2480:
2471:
2437:
2430:. Retrieved
2415:
2408:
2397:
2389:
2383:
2374:
2367:. Retrieved
2361:
2354:
2345:
2321:
2316:
2304:. Retrieved
2298:
2291:
2282:
2273:
2267:
2258:
2252:
2243:
2237:
2225:
2216:
2210:
2201:
2195:
2181:
2172:
2155:
2149:
2140:
2120:
2111:
2102:
2091:
2082:
2076:
2068:
2063:
2054:
2048:
2040:
2036:
2031:, section 41
2026:
2021:
2013:
2008:
1999:
1981:
1973:
1967:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1938:
1932:
1921:
1912:
1901:
1893:
1887:
1876:
1867:
1861:
1852:
1841:
1832:
1826:
1815:
1806:
1799:. Retrieved
1784:
1777:
1757:
1701:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1668:
1660:
1655:
1652:
1641:
1639:
1631:
1597:
1585:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1531:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1507:
1502:
1498:
1490:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1446:
1440:
1436:Noahide Laws
1417:
1411:
1367:
1365:
1282:
1274:
1261:
1245:
1219:However, in
1218:
1209:
1207:
1184:
1177:
1174:
1153:
1149:
1134:
1125:
1114:Please help
1109:verification
1106:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1034:
1025:Ut Unum Sint
1022:
1018:Ut Unum Sint
1017:
1004:
995:
986:
978:
935:
933:
925:21st century
919:
915:
904:
898:
889:
885:
881:
877:
866:
850:conciliarism
839:
823:
808:
790:
783:
779:Latin Empire
767:Great Schism
763:Michael VIII
756:
730:
692:
682:
676:
666:
648:
646:
638:
634:
583:
579:Nicene Creed
554:
528:
516:
483:
451:
442:
436:
431:
422:
407:
397:
393:
365:
349:
344:
336:
330:
327:
318:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
278:
272:
268:
264:
251:
249:
243:by Cardinal
241:
225:
216:
200:
184:
182:
167:
161:October 2011
158:
136:
22:old revision
19:
18:
10686:Tomáš Halík
10610:Jean Vanier
10595:René Girard
10580:Alfred Delp
10545:Yves Congar
10540:Karl Rahner
10515:Dorothy Day
10500:Edith Stein
10470:Ronald Knox
10068:John Fisher
10063:Thomas More
10040:Reformation
9932:Duns Scotus
9927:Ramon Llull
9920:and reforms
9908:Roger Bacon
9873:Bonaventure
9783:Roscellinus
9572:Pelagianism
9543:Constantine
9366:Key figures
9272:Laudato si'
9067:Pope Pius X
8896:Philip Neri
8871:Pope Pius V
8846:Thomas More
8715:Inquisition
8617:Charlemagne
8577:Monasticism
8387:Persecution
8279:Holy Spirit
8262:Crucifixion
8141:First seven
7996:Persecution
7931:Christendom
7924:Cooperation
7861:Charismatic
7772:Holy Spirit
7681:Natural law
7644:Holy orders
7493:Christology
7486:Holy Spirit
7355:Pentecostal
7335:Evangelical
7330:Charismatic
7174:Monasticism
7166:Middle Ages
7129:Constantine
7072:Crucifixion
6954:Foundations
6786:West Syriac
6726:Missa sicca
6691:Durham Rite
6686:Celtic Rite
6448:Martyrology
6416:Gospel Book
6411:Euchologion
6384:Antiphonary
6258:(nighttime)
6221:Solemn Mass
6151:Holy Orders
6016:Health care
6002:Pax Christi
5954:Schoenstatt
5919:Sant'Egidio
5751:Legionaries
5731:Franciscans
5706:Cistercians
5701:Carthusians
5656:Annonciades
5515:Altarpieces
5408:West Syriac
5403:East Syriac
5383:Alexandrian
5007:Holy orders
4988:Swiss Guard
4928:Dicasteries
4923:Roman Curia
4821:Evangelists
4779:Holy Family
4714:Personalism
4704:Natural law
4682:Josephology
4616:Holy orders
4254:Inquisition
4211:Middle Ages
4201:Monasticism
4169:Constantine
4093:Crucifixion
3499:Millennium"
1801:22 December
1634:Yves Congar
1424:circumcised
989:Reformation
858:ex cathedra
805:Reformation
794:John Bekkos
733:Pope Leo IX
715:Apostolicus
352:Saint Peter
20:This is an
10733:Categories
10696:Scott Hahn
10073:Johann Eck
9725:Iconoclasm
9657:Pope Leo I
9517:Tertullian
9145:coronation
8851:Pope Leo X
8436:Tertullian
8366:Revelation
8341:Background
7910:Prosperity
7886:Liberation
7826:Cathedrals
7811:Pilgrimage
7796:Literature
7673:Philosophy
7609:Sacraments
7582:Four marks
7543:Protestant
7518:Born again
7315:Anabaptist
7305:Protestant
7247:Influences
7209:Modern era
6913:By country
6581:Roman Rite
6532:Liturgical
6453:Pontifical
6431:Lectionary
6426:Horologion
6361:Procession
6231:Papal Mass
6118:Sacraments
6098:Sacraments
5771:Oratorians
5726:Dominicans
5696:Carmelites
5691:Camillians
5639:institutes
5452:Tridentine
5388:Antiochian
5308:Macedonian
5253:Belarusian
5143:Provincial
5058:Archbishop
4978:Roman Rota
4940:Properties
4865:By country
4861:Precedence
4826:Confessors
4806:Archangels
4796:Patriarchs
4696:Philosophy
4674:Veneration
4639:Assumption
4609:Last rites
4576:Sacraments
4520:Four marks
4331:Vatican II
4279:Modern era
4115:Succession
3886:The Papacy
3510:Eusebius,
3487:, V, xxiii
3483:Eusebius,
3238:quoted in
3228:Eusebius.
3121:On Modesty
2986:On Modesty
2802:22 January
2639:20 January
2548:1 November
2432:14 October
2369:17 October
2306:1 November
2069:The Church
1978:quoted in
1428:Mosaic law
1384:Tertullian
1344:patriarchs
1277:Apostolic
1229:Tertullian
1160:ecumenical
819:Antichrist
815:Pope Leo X
657:Pope Leo I
611:Pope Leo I
484:After the
469:episcopate
465:Pope Linus
354:among the
339:Ludwig Ott
138:neutrality
10600:Hans Küng
10389:Léon Bloy
10379:Modernism
10232:Jansenism
9918:Mysticism
9512:Montanism
9161:Communism
9131:Ecumenism
8477:(380–451)
8469:(180–451)
8458:(313–476)
8380:(100–325)
7986:Criticism
7936:Ecumenism
7900:Mysticism
7866:Democracy
7856:Anarchism
7843:Movements
7806:Mythology
7784:Catechism
7779:Education
7696:Evolution
7619:Eucharist
7602:Canon law
7560:Theotokos
7555:Mariology
7513:Salvation
7503:Tradition
7350:Methodist
7310:Adventist
7144:Chalcedon
6791:Malankara
6701:Sarum Use
6608:Zaire Use
6406:Customary
6156:Matrimony
6136:Eucharist
6106:liturgies
6012:See also:
5964:Charities
5873:Discalced
5801:Trappists
5796:Theatines
5766:Olivetans
5711:Clarisses
5681:Blue nuns
5666:Basilians
5643:societies
5551:See also:
5437:Mozarabic
5427:Ambrosian
5413:Malankara
5398:Byzantine
5358:Ukrainian
5333:Ruthenian
5298:Hungarian
5283:Ethiopian
5258:Bulgarian
5225:sui iuris
5209:Postulant
5118:Religious
5073:Auxiliary
5068:Coadjutor
5038:Patriarch
4906:Cardinals
4853:Canon law
4849:Hierarchy
4831:Disciples
4754:Relations
4742:Evolution
4733:See also:
4678:See also:
4631:Mariology
4621:Matrimony
4594:Eucharist
4515:Ecumenism
4443:Salvation
4379:Catechism
4374:Tradition
4336:Communism
4184:Chalcedon
3799:, (1985)
3797:Palladius
2763:Document"
2016:, pp. 4-6
1770:Citations
1749:Footnotes
1656:Scripture
1608:cardinals
1586:See also
1518:presiding
1514:presiding
1467:Trallians
1396:Augustine
1241:Augustine
860:) and of
713:esset et
519:decretals
513:Decretals
149:talk page
10132:Molinism
9710:Ecthesis
9662:Boethius
9567:Arianism
9557:Eusebius
9507:Irenaeus
9471:Polycarp
9385:Timeline
9171:HIV/AIDS
8665:Crusades
8419:Irenaeus
8412:Ignatius
8407:Polycarp
8257:Ministry
8245:(30–100)
8119:Timeline
8040:Category
7905:Pacifism
7719:features
7703:Politics
7656:Ablution
7624:Marriage
7528:Catholic
7458:Theology
7365:Reformed
7345:Lutheran
7340:Holiness
7320:Anglican
7290:Catholic
7194:Crusades
7139:Nicaea I
7089:Apostles
7062:Miracles
7057:Parables
7047:Ministry
7037:Nativity
7001:timeline
6898:Prophets
6893:Glossary
6755:Churches
6706:York Use
6682:British
6394:Breviary
6339:Exorcism
6329:Asperges
6312:Compline
6298:Evensong
6209:Low Mass
6056:Category
5949:Opus Dei
5934:Scouting
5924:Focolare
5791:Servites
5776:Piarists
5721:Crosiers
5457:Anglican
5393:Armenian
5323:Romanian
5313:Maronite
5288:Georgian
5278:Eritrean
5263:Chaldean
5248:Armenian
5243:Albanian
5124:Superior
5083:Emeritus
5063:Diocesan
4916:Advisers
4875:Holy See
4801:Prophets
4759:Politics
4530:Catholic
4510:Councils
4365:Theology
4244:Crusades
4179:Nicaea I
4110:Apostles
4088:Ministry
4057:Timeline
4037:Glossary
2501:, p. 116
2488:, p. 114
2012:Schatz,
1707:See also
1673:catholic
1560:Not one
1510:presides
1482:Polycarp
1442:Eusebius
1419:gentiles
1342:Eastern
1319:Apostles
1273:Rome is
1128:May 2012
958:and the
707:pontifex
570:New Rome
558:New Rome
500:and the
142:disputed
79:contribs
38:contribs
10053:Erasmus
9903:Thomism
9642:Orosius
9617:Ambrose
9532:Cyprian
9460:Didache
9414:Vulgate
9373:General
9136:Judaism
8536:Vulgate
8346:Gospels
8321:Stephen
8238:Origins
8158:Vulgate
8094:General
8084:of the
8082:History
7969:Related
7762:Trinity
7727:Culture
7691:Science
7661:Hygiene
7651:Mission
7634:Penance
7614:Baptism
7550:Worship
7523:Liturgy
7471:Trinity
7382:Eastern
7360:Quakers
7325:Baptist
7282:Western
7272:members
7042:Baptism
6996:History
6986:Worship
6888:Outline
6808:Malabar
6762:liturgy
6666:Defunct
6559:Current
6465:Psalter
6421:Gradual
6349:Requiem
6344:Funeral
6292:Vespers
6141:Penance
6126:Baptism
6108:of the
6021:Schools
5977:Caritas
5885:Secular
5851:Workers
5746:Jesuits
5532:Museums
5527:Library
5505:Writers
5500:Artists
5480:Culture
5447:Paul VI
5328:Russian
5318:Melkite
5160:Brother
5138:General
5078:Titular
5048:Primate
5026:Eparchy
5016:Diocese
4963:Outline
4902:College
4892:Francis
4836:Virgins
4811:Martyrs
4737:Science
4644:History
4599:Penance
4584:Baptism
4485:Worship
4458:Vulgate
4406:Kingdom
4401:Trinity
4389:General
4144:Primacy
4052:History
4032:Outline
3606:Sources
3086:, p153.
1669:de jure
1636:stated
1604:liturgy
1414:Acts 15
1368:primacy
1262:charism
1190:it was
899:At the
613:to the
534:and of
341:wrote:
324:wrote:
286:kephale
233:Trinity
9745:Alcuin
9627:Jerome
9522:Origen
9102:Nazism
8924:to the
8531:Jerome
8441:Origen
8124:Papacy
7686:Ethics
7567:Saints
7476:Father
7395:Church
7007:spread
6971:Gospel
6961:Church
6903:People
6620:Orders
6487:Tonary
6470:Missal
6379:Agpeya
6304:Ramsha
6282:(noon)
6256:Matins
6104:, and
5899:Fimcap
5841:Marian
5761:Minims
5493:Marian
5343:Syriac
5338:Slovak
5268:Coptic
5204:Oblate
5199:Master
5194:Novice
5189:Hermit
5177:Sister
5133:Abbess
5100:Deacon
5095:Priest
5090:Parish
5033:Bishop
5003:Polity
4789:Joseph
4771:Saints
4438:Saints
4326:Nazism
3892:
3873:
3145:"For (
3010:"For (
2899:
2539:
2423:
1808:union.
1792:
1616:Jesuit
1486:Smyrna
1353:- the
1305:synods
1281:, not
1279:throne
1069:protos
1065:protos
1053:protoi
1049:protoi
844:where
741:schism
711:Primas
302:protos
298:protos
294:protos
290:protos
282:protos
273:protos
237:Christ
9204:Islam
8472:Roman
8431:Canon
8304:Peter
8252:Jesus
7895:Right
7801:Music
7752:Jesus
7717:Other
7572:Angel
7027:Jesus
7017:Early
6966:Creed
6935:Canon
6923:Bible
6883:Index
6548:Latin
6534:rites
6286:Nones
6274:Terce
6268:Prime
6262:Lauds
6102:rites
5997:CIDSE
5846:Youth
5570:Media
5537:Music
5462:Zaire
5442:Roman
5432:Braga
5422:Latin
5293:Greek
5165:Friar
5129:Abbot
5043:Major
4958:Index
4857:Laity
4423:Dogma
4370:Bible
4346:Islam
4302:Trent
4083:Jesus
4065:Legal
4027:Index
3084:Ibid.
2585:2008.
1326:Latin
1061:taxis
1057:taxis
643:Leo I
457:Peter
426:Linus
331:agape
269:taxis
252:agape
9715:Bede
9444:Paul
9254:2023
9249:2019
9244:2016
9239:2013
9234:2011
9229:2008
9224:2005
9219:2002
9214:2000
9181:1995
8351:Acts
8314:Paul
8309:John
8284:Mary
7891:Left
7791:Flag
7757:Mary
7268:list
6280:Sext
6204:Mass
5522:Folk
5170:Monk
4911:List
4889:Pope
4784:Mary
3890:ISBN
3871:ISBN
3147:John
3012:John
2897:ISBN
2804:2009
2739:help
2641:2009
2550:2011
2537:ISBN
2434:2011
2421:ISBN
2371:2011
2308:2011
1803:2011
1790:ISBN
1317:The
1258:Paul
979:The
786:Mass
773:and
771:Rome
757:The
496:and
461:Paul
459:and
183:The
135:The
111:diff
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103:diff
91:diff
75:talk
34:talk
8240:and
8190:Art
7747:Art
7481:Son
7466:God
5836:Lay
5488:Art
5182:Nun
4904:of
4396:God
1675:).
1430:. (
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