730:, grasses and small trees began to appear, followed by herbaceous flora, eventually leading to natural forest type. It was observed that grass began to grow on the vacated agricultural fields and the adjoining forest areas started recuperating. By 1999–2002 several plant species emerged in these buffer zones. The newly arisen lush green fields attracted grass eating animals, mainly deer and elephants, who slowly migrated towards these areas and even preferred to stay there throughout the monsoon. The Indian government has further approved the construction of a 12 km (7.5 mi) stone
626:
334:
466:
657:
pressure has led to reduction in plant species and has also resulted in reduced soil moisture. The tourists have increasingly used fuel wood for cooking. This is a cause of concern as this fuel wood is obtained from the nearby forests, resulting in greater pressure on the forest ecosystem of the park. Additionally, tourists have also caused problems by making noise, littering and causing disturbances in general.
645:. A second course followed in 1995 which recruited more guides for the same purpose. This allowed the staff of the reserve, previously preoccupied with guiding the visitors, to carry out management activities uninterrupted. Additionally, the Indian government has organized workshops on ecotourism in Corbett National Park and
241:- settled on the land and began growing crops, but in the early 1860s they were evicted with the advent of British rule. The British forest department established control over the land and prohibited cultivation and the operation of cattle stations. The British administration considered the possibility of creating a
656:
As early as 1991, the
Corbett National Park played host to 3237 tourist vehicles carrying 45,215 visitors during the main tourist seasons between 15 November and 15 June. This heavy influx of tourists has led to visible stress signs on the natural ecosystem. Excessive trampling of soil due to tourist
652:
Tiwari & Joshi (1997) consider summer (April-June) to be the best season for Indian tourists to visit the park while recommending the winter months (November-January) for foreign tourists. According to Riley & Riley (2005): "Best chances of seeing a tiger to come late in the dry season- April
285:
and timber cutting. Over time the area in the reserve was increased — 797.72 km² (308 sq mi) were added in 1991 as a buffer for the
Corbett Tiger Reserve. The 1991 additions included the entire Kalagarh forest division, assimilating the 301.18 km² (116.3 sq mi) area of Sonanadi Wildlife Sanctuary
404:
in the park is temperate compared to most other protected areas of India. The temperature may vary from 5 °C (41 °F) to 30 °C (86 °F) during the winter and some mornings are foggy. Summer temperatures normally do not rise above 40 °C (104 °F). Rainfall ranges from light during the dry season to
737:
The villages surrounding the park are at least 15–20 years old and no new villages have come up in the recent past. The increasing population growth rate and the density of population within 1 to 2 kilometers from the park present a challenge to the management of the reserve. Incidents of
697:
A major incident in the history of the reserve followed the construction of a dam at the
Kalagarh river and the submerging of 80 km² (30.9 sq mi) of prime low lying riverine area. The consequences ranged from local extinction of swamp deer to a massive reduction in
721:
highway during 1990–93; the vacated areas were designated as buffer zones. The families in these villages were mostly dependent on forest products. With the passage of time, these areas began to show signs of ecological recovery.
520:, weighing up to 200 pounds, who provide a match for the tigers as a large male boar is capable of killing a tiger. There have been incidents of tigers attacking domestic animals in times when there is a shortage of prey.
286:
as a part of the
Kalagarh division. It was chosen in 1974 as the location for launching Project Tiger, an ambitious and well known wildlife conservation project. The reserve is administered from its headquarters in the
265:
The new name honors the well-known author and wildlife conservationist Jim
Corbett, who played a key role in creating the reserve by using his influence to persuade the provincial government to establish it.
512:, and plentiful prey make this reserve an ideal habitat for tigers who are opportunistic feeders and prey upon a range of animals. The tigers in the park have been known to kill much larger animals such as
341:
The park is located between 29°25' to 29°39'N latitude and 78°44' to 79°07'E longitude. The average altitude of the region ranges between 360 metres (1,181 ft) and 1,040 metres (3,412 ft). It has numerous
821:
516:
and even elephant for food. The tigers prey upon the larger animals in rare cases of food shortage, often in packs using the advantage of numerical superiority. The reserve has enormous
269:
The reserve does not allow hunting, but does permit timber cutting for domestic purposes. Soon after the establishment of the reserve, rules prohibiting killing and capturing of
702:
population. The reservoir formed due to the submerging of land has also led to an increase in aquatic fauna and has additionally served as a habitat for winter migrants.
850:
435:
forests. Total tree basal cover is greater in Sal dominated areas of woody vegetation. Healthy regeneration in sapling and seedling layers is occurring in the
106:
94:
770:
110:
90:
102:
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destination. The increase in tourist activities, among other problems, continues to present a serious challenge to the park's ecological balance.
832:
301:
under their Terai Arc
Landscape Programme. The programme aims to protect three of the five terrestrial flagship species, the tiger, the
417:
A total of 488 different species of plants have been recorded in the park. Tree density inside the reserve is higher in the areas of
380:
in the south, has a sub-Himalayan belt structure. The upper tertiary rocks are exposed towards the base of the
Siwalik range and hard
277:
and birds within its boundaries were passed. The park fared well during the 1930s under an elected administration. But during the
629:
Early-morning encounter with a Sambar deer in Jim
Corbett National Park, on a guided elephant tour from the Dhikala tourist lodge.
78:
37:
508:
Bengal tigers, although plentiful, are not easily spotted due to the abundance of camouflage in the reserve. Thick jungle, the
763:
1514:
741:
There were 109 cases of poaching recorded in 1988–89. This figure dropped to 12 reported cases in 1997–98 .
690:. Natural resources like trees and grasses are exploited by the local population while encroachment of at least of 13.62
67:
26:
617:
were saved from extinction by captive breeding programs that subsequent;y released crocodiles into the
Ramganga river.
1772:
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of Tehri formally ceded a part of his princely state to the
British in return for their assistance in ousting the
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894:
805:
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are found in hilly areas but may also venture into the low land jungles. Smaller felines in the park include the
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killing cattle by tigers and leopards have led to acts of retaliation by the local population in some cases.
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1736:"Corbett National Park." Encyclopedia Britannica. 2007. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. 12 Oct. 2007
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on the southern boundary of the reserve where it comes in direct contact with agricultural fields.
294:
1609:
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Over 585 species of resident and migratory birds have been categorized, including crested serpent
205:
belt geographical structure. It contains 488 different species of plants and a diverse variety of
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875:
649:
region to ensure that the local citizens profit from tourism while the park remains protected.
1715:
Map of the Park provided by Project Tiger Directorate, Ministry of Environment, Govt of India.
1436:
1597:
1584:
Rao, R.S.P. "Secondary succession in the buffer zone of Corbett Tiger Reserve, Uttaranchal".
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188:
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Though the main focus is protection of wildlife, the reserve management has also encouraged
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found in the reserve is a dangerous species, capable of killing a chital deer. Local
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310:
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units form broad ridges. Characteristic longitudinal valleys, geographically termed
229:. The forests were cleared to make the area less vulnerable to Rohila invaders. The
666:
646:
571:
513:
278:
179:. The park was originally established in 1936 as Hailey National Park. Situated in
1574:
Pant, P.C. (1976). Plants of Corbett National Park, Uttar Pradesh. Journal of the
880:
638:
579:
373:
333:
587:
431:
302:
222:
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Singh, Ashok. "Analysis of woody vegetation of Corbett National Park, India".
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641:, visitor management and park interpretation was introduced to train nature
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184:
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Nainital District (Corbett Park). National Informatics Centre of India.
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425:
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can be seen formed along the narrow tectonic zones between lineaments.
210:
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Download the latest version of Adobe Reader for reading pdf documents.
653:
to mid June-and go out with mahouts and elephants for several days."
381:
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with varying aspects and degrees of slopes. The park encompasses the
1729:"Corbett National Park," Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2007.
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Two villages situated on the southern boundary were shifted to the
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1508:"World Database on Protected Areas, India, Corbett National Park"
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1407:
Wildlife in the Himalayan Foothills: Conservation and Management
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of India, the secure survival of which is the main objective of
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who played a key role in its establishment — is the oldest
148:
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56:
to this revision, which may differ significantly from the
1297:
Nature's Strongholds: The World's Great Wildlife Reserves
449:
communities, but in the Sal forests the regeneration of
419:
372:
The reserve, located partly along a valley between the
237:
from his domain. The Boksas - a tribal people from the
1468:. Project Tiger Directorate, Ministry of Environment,
245:
there in 1907 and established a reserve area known as
1463:"Corbett National Park (Project Tiger Directorate)"
914:"An Assessment of Tourism in Corbett National Park"
257:) in 1936. The preserve was renamed in 1954-55 as
209:. During recent times the park has been a popular
1351:. Volume 120 (Number 1 / September, 1995): 69–79.
1132:Corbett National Park (Project Tiger Directorate)
1128:
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221:Some areas of the park were formerly part of the
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1106:
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665:The habitat of the reserve faces threats from
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293:Corbett National Park is one of the thirteen
198:, an Indian wildlife protection initiative.
158:gov.ua.nic.in/uttaranchaltourism/corbett.html
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538:. Other mammals include four kinds of deer (
187:, the park acts as a protected area for the
1709:Information about Jim Corbett National Park
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337:A stream inside the Corbett National Park.
66:Revision as of 20:14, 18 November 2007 by
1487:India's Wildlife History: an Introduction
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469:A male elephant in Corbett National Park.
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1405:Tiwari, P. C. (Editor) (January 1997).
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833:Reserved and Protected forests of India
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1592:. Volume 87 (No. 4, 25 August 2004.).
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637:. In 1993, a training course covering
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261:and was again renamed in 1955-56 as
17:
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851:Indian wildlife portal on Knowledge
119:
88:
1628:
1536:Cite has empty unknown parameter:
694:by 74 families has been recorded.
120:
1789:
1703:
1344:
52:. The present address (URL) is a
1663:. Oxford University Press, USA.
1661:Oxford India Illustrated Corbett
1056:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 309-311
819:
811:Private protected areas of India
1583:
1224:
1221:Riley & Riley 2005: 208-210
1161:
895:literary references to Nainital
598:can be heard during the night.
1576:Bombay Natural History Society
1553:"Terai Arc Landscape in India"
906:
317:to link 13 protected areas of
281:, it suffered from excessive
13:
1:
1288:
981:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 210
916:. Wildlife Institute of India
871:Critically endangered species
838:Wildlife sanctuaries of India
660:
620:
321:and India to enable wildlife
1741:
1409:. Indus Publishing Company.
1282:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 269
1273:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 263
1239:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 311
1230:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 298
1195:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 286
1167:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 108
1090:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 208
1047:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 309
423:forests and lowest in the
328:
7:
1027:Riley & Riley 2005: 210
961:Riley & Riley 2005: 208
801:Conservation areas of India
791:Biosphere reserves of India
744:
307:Great One-horned Rhinoceros
24:of this page, as edited by
10:
1794:
1659:Corbett, Jim (July 2004).
1588:Indian Academy of Sciences
1560:World Wide Fund for Nature
1301:Princeton University Press
395:
216:
828:
817:
796:Communal forests of India
786:
505:have also been recorded.
167:— named after the famous
165:Jim Corbett National Park
154:
144:
137:
132:Jim Corbett National Park
129:Jim Corbett National Park
127:
1773:Geography of Uttarakhand
1642:. Buccaneer Books, Inc.
900:
780:Protected areas of India
609:of several hundred. The
460:
412:
1763:National parks of India
1485:Rangarajan, M. (2006).
806:National parks of India
572:yellow-throated martens
45:20:14, 18 November 2007
1768:Tourism in Uttarakhand
876:Leopard of Rudraprayag
630:
470:
338:
263:Corbett National Park.
259:Ramganga National Park
1295:Riley, Laura (2005).
628:
560:Himalayan Black bears
468:
437:Mallotus philippensis
376:in the north and the
336:
189:critically endangered
169:hunter and naturalist
1640:Man-Eaters of Kumaon
1551:Drayton, F. (2004).
1348:Springer Netherlands
891:Man-Eaters of Kumaon
886:Rajaji National Park
564:Indian Grey Mongoose
288:district of Nainital
247:Hailey National Park
1470:Government of India
1158:Rangarajan 2006: 78
1146:Rangarajan 2006: 72
669:such as the exotic
447:Diospyros tomentosa
299:World Wildlife Fund
95:← Previous revision
1686:Unknown parameter
1489:. Orient Longman.
1443:Unknown parameter
1435:has generic name (
1386:Unknown parameter
1326:Unknown parameter
936:Unknown parameter
856:Indomalaya ecozone
631:
605:are seen in large
501:and 37 species of
485:— ancestor of all
471:
339:
1586:Current Science (
1209:Singh et al. 1995
846:
845:
713:area situated on
477:, blossom headed
405:heavy during the
201:The park has sub-
181:Nainital district
162:
161:
69:Havelock the Dane
28:Havelock the Dane
1785:
1699:
1693:
1689:
1688:|coauthors=
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1638:(January 1985).
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667:invasive species
580:Indian pangolins
489:. 33 species of
309:, by restoring
279:Second World War
249:covering 323.75
125:
124:
107:Newer revision →
85:
82:
61:
59:current revision
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1629:Further reading
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881:Champawat Tiger
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842:
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639:natural history
623:
601:In the summer,
497:, 7 species of
493:, 7 species of
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374:Lesser Himalaya
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295:protected areas
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99:Latest revision
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1704:External links
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365:formed by the
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1563:. Retrieved
1518:. Retrieved
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1473:. Retrieved
1451:suggested) (
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1179:Drayton 2004
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1578:73:287-295.
861:Uttarakhand
536:Leopard Cat
532:Fishing Cat
503:dragonflies
483:jungle fowl
297:covered by
185:Uttarakhand
145:Established
20:This is an
1757:Categories
1565:2007-10-13
1520:2007-10-13
1496:8178241404
1475:2007-10-13
1416:8173870667
1310:0691122199
1289:References
920:2007-10-12
893:and other
681:Parthenium
661:Challenges
635:ecotourism
621:Ecotourism
615:crocodiles
574:, ghoral (
528:Jungle Cat
495:amphibians
426:Anogeissus
354:and small
211:ecotourism
1742:Resources
1690:ignored (
1679:cite book
1447:ignored (
1425:cite book
1390:ignored (
1330:ignored (
1319:cite book
1076:UNEP 2003
993:Pant 1976
940:ignored (
603:Elephants
596:Nightjars
590:monkeys.
457:is poor.
382:sandstone
360:Patli Dun
329:Geography
323:migration
311:corridors
203:Himalayan
84:(History)
49:(History)
1778:Nainital
1538:|1=
1529:cite web
1261:Rao 2004
929:cite web
745:See Also
719:Kashipur
715:Ramnagar
707:Firozpur
700:hog deer
524:Leopards
491:reptiles
479:parakeet
455:seedling
407:monsoons
378:Siwaliks
356:plateaus
350:, minor
305:and the
283:poaching
275:reptiles
79:contribs
38:contribs
692:hectare
675:Lantana
647:Garhwal
540:barking
514:buffalo
451:sapling
402:weather
396:Climate
352:streams
344:ravines
271:mammals
235:Gurkhas
217:History
155:Website
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1466:(HTML)
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711:Manpur
687:Cassia
643:guides
588:rhesus
584:langur
582:, and
568:otters
552:chital
550:, and
544:sambar
475:eagles
386:Doons,
363:valley
348:ridges
315:forest
1556:(PDF)
901:Notes
866:Terai
728:herbs
724:Vines
671:weeds
607:herds
556:Sloth
518:boars
461:Fauna
442:Jamun
413:Flora
319:Nepal
255:sq mi
253:(125
239:Terai
207:fauna
177:India
1696:help
1665:ISBN
1644:ISBN
1621:help
1610:help
1542:help
1515:WCMC
1512:UNEP
1491:ISBN
1453:help
1437:help
1411:ISBN
1396:help
1380:help
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1305:ISBN
942:help
684:and
594:and
592:Owls
586:and
558:and
534:and
499:fish
453:and
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400:The
390:Duns
231:Raja
149:1936
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578:),
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