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Jim Corbett National Park

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618: 326: 458: 695:, grasses and small trees began to appear, followed by herbaceous flora, eventually leading to natural forest type. It was observed that grass began to grow on the vacated agricultural fields and the adjoining forest areas started recuperating. By 1999–2002 several plant species emerged in these buffer zones. The newly arisen lush green fields attracted grass eating animals, mainly deer and elephants, who slowly migrated towards these areas and even preferred to stay there throughout the monsoon. 649:
pressure has led to reduction in plant species and has also resulted in reduced soil moisture. The tourists have increasingly used fuel wood for cooking. This is a cause of concern as this fuel wood is obtained from the nearby forests, resulting in greater pressure on the forest ecosystem of the park. Additionally, tourists have also caused problems by making noise, littering and causing disturbances in general.
637:. A second course followed in 1995 which recruited more guides for the same purpose. This allowed the staff of the reserve, previously preoccupied with guiding the visitors, to carry out management activities uninterrupted. Additionally, the Indian government has organized workshops on ecotourism in Corbett National Park and 233:- settled on the land and began growing crops, but in the early 1860s they were evicted with the advent of British rule. The British forest department established control over the land and prohibited cultivation and the operation of cattle stations. The British administration considered the possibility of creating a 648:
As early as 1991, the Corbett National Park played host to 3237 tourist vehicles carrying 45,215 visitors during the main tourist seasons between 15 November and 15 June. This heavy influx of tourists has led to visible stress signs on the natural ecosystem. Excessive trampling of soil due to tourist
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Tiwari & Joshi (1997) consider summer (April-June) to be the best season for Indian tourists to visit the park while recommending the winter months (November-January) for foreign tourists. According to Riley & Riley (2005): "Best chances of seeing a tiger to come late in the dry season- April
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and timber cutting. Over time the area in the reserve was increased — 797.72 km² (308 sq mi) were added in 1991 as a buffer for the Corbett Tiger Reserve. The 1991 additions included the entire Kalagarh forest division, assimilating the 301.18 km² (116.3 sq mi) area of Sonanadi Wildlife Sanctuary
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in the park is temperate compared to most other protected areas of India. The temperature may vary from 5 °C (41 °F) to 30 °C (86 °F) during the winter and some mornings are foggy. Summer temperatures normally do not rise above 40 °C (104 °F). Rainfall ranges from light during the dry season to
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The villages surrounding the park are at least 15–20 years old and no new villages have come up in the recent past. The increasing population growth rate and the density of population within 1 to 2 kilometers from the park present a challenge to the management of the reserve. Incidents of
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A major incident in the history of the reserve followed the construction of a dam at the Kalagarh river and the submerging of 80 km² (30.9 sq mi) of prime low lying riverine area. The consequences ranged from local extinction of swamp deer to a massive reduction in
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highway during 1990–93; the vacated areas were designated as buffer zones. The families in these villages were mostly dependent on forest products. With the passage of time, these areas began to show signs of ecological recovery.
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as a part of the Kalagarh division. It was chosen in 1974 as the location for launching Project Tiger, an ambitious and well known wildlife conservation project. The reserve is administered from its headquarters in the
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The new name honors the well-known author and wildlife conservationist Jim Corbett, who played a key role in creating the reserve by using his influence to persuade the provincial government to establish it.
504:, and plentiful prey make this reserve an ideal habitat for tigers who are opportunistic feeders and prey upon a range of animals. The tigers in the park have been known to kill much larger animals such as 333:
The park is located between 29°25' to 29°39'N latitude and 78°44' to 79°07'E longitude. The average altitude of the region ranges between 360 metres (1,181 ft) and 1,040 metres (3,412 ft). It has numerous
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killing cattle by tigers and leopards have led to acts of retaliation by the local population in some cases. The Indian government has approved the construction of a 12 km (7.5 mi) stone
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and even elephant for food. The tigers prey upon the larger animals in rare cases of food shortage, often in packs using the advantage of numerical superiority. The reserve has enormous
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The reserve does not allow hunting, but does permit timber cutting for domestic purposes. Soon after the establishment of the reserve, rules prohibiting killing and capturing of
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population. The reservoir formed due to the submerging of land has also led to an increase in aquatic fauna and has additionally served as a habitat for winter migrants.
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forests. Total tree basal cover is greater in Sal dominated areas of woody vegetation. Healthy regeneration in sapling and seedling layers is occurring in the
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destination. The increase in tourist activities, among other problems, continues to present a serious challenge to the park's ecological balance.
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under their Terai Arc Landscape Programme. The programme aims to protect three of the five terrestrial flagship species, the tiger, the
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A total of 488 different species of plants have been recorded in the park. Tree density inside the reserve is higher in the areas of
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in the south, has a sub-Himalayan belt structure. The upper tertiary rocks are exposed towards the base of the Siwalik range and hard
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and birds within its boundaries were passed. The park fared well during the 1930s under an elected administration. But during the
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Early-morning encounter with a Sambar deer in Jim Corbett National Park, on a guided elephant tour from the Dhikala tourist lodge.
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Bengal tigers, although plentiful, are not easily spotted due to the abundance of camouflage in the reserve. Thick jungle, the
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There were 109 cases of poaching recorded in 1988–89. This figure dropped to 12 reported cases in 1997–98 .
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were saved from extinction by captive breeding programs that subsequent;y released crocodiles into the Ramganga river.
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of Tehri formally ceded a part of his princely state to the British in return for their assistance in ousting the
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are found in hilly areas but may also venture into the low land jungles. Smaller felines in the park include the
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on the southern boundary of the reserve where it comes in direct contact with agricultural fields.
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Over 585 species of resident and migratory birds have been categorized, including crested serpent
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belt geographical structure. It contains 488 different species of plants and a diverse variety of
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region to ensure that the local citizens profit from tourism while the park remains protected.
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Map of the Park provided by Project Tiger Directorate, Ministry of Environment, Govt of India.
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Rao, R.S.P. "Secondary succession in the buffer zone of Corbett Tiger Reserve, Uttaranchal".
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Though the main focus is protection of wildlife, the reserve management has also encouraged
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found in the reserve is a dangerous species, capable of killing a chital deer. Local
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units form broad ridges. Characteristic longitudinal valleys, geographically termed
221:. The forests were cleared to make the area less vulnerable to Rohila invaders. The 707: 638: 563: 505: 270: 171:. The park was originally established in 1936 as Hailey National Park. Situated in 1576:
Pant, P.C. (1976). Plants of Corbett National Park, Uttar Pradesh. Journal of the
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Singh, Ashok. "Analysis of woody vegetation of Corbett National Park, India".
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Nainital District (Corbett Park). National Informatics Centre of India.
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can be seen formed along the narrow tectonic zones between lineaments.
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to mid June-and go out with mahouts and elephants for several days."
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with varying aspects and degrees of slopes. The park encompasses the
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Two villages situated on the southern boundary were shifted to the
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Wildlife in the Himalayan Foothills: Conservation and Management
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of India, the secure survival of which is the main objective of
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who played a key role in its establishment — is the oldest
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to this revision, which may differ significantly from the
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Nature's Strongholds: The World's Great Wildlife Reserves
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communities, but in the Sal forests the regeneration of
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The reserve, located partly along a valley between the
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from his domain. The Boksas - a tribal people from the
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there in 1907 and established a reserve area known as
1465:"Corbett National Park (Project Tiger Directorate)" 916:"An Assessment of Tourism in Corbett National Park" 249:) in 1936. The preserve was renamed in 1954-55 as 201:. During recent times the park has been a popular 1353:. Volume 120 (Number 1 / September, 1995): 69–79. 1134:Corbett National Park (Project Tiger Directorate) 1130: 1128: 1126: 1124: 1122: 1120: 1118: 213:Some areas of the park were formerly part of the 1756: 1116: 1114: 1112: 1110: 1108: 1106: 1104: 1102: 1100: 1098: 1156: 1154: 1144: 1142: 1140: 706:The habitat of the reserve faces threats from 1095: 766: 285:Corbett National Park is one of the thirteen 190:, an Indian wildlife protection initiative. 150:gov.ua.nic.in/uttaranchaltourism/corbett.html 780: 530:. Other mammals include four kinds of deer ( 179:, the park acts as a protected area for the 1711:Information about Jim Corbett National Park 1552: 1151: 1137: 1486: 1280: 1278: 1219: 1217: 1193: 1191: 1189: 1187: 773: 759: 329:A stream inside the Corbett National Park. 61:Revision as of 20:24, 18 November 2007 by 1489:India's Wildlife History: an Introduction 1207: 1205: 1203: 1088: 1086: 1084: 1045: 1043: 1041: 1039: 1037: 1035: 1025: 1023: 1021: 979: 977: 975: 973: 971: 969: 461:A male elephant in Corbett National Park. 1019: 1017: 1015: 1013: 1011: 1009: 1007: 1005: 1003: 1001: 959: 957: 955: 953: 616: 456: 324: 1660: 1636: 1407:Tiwari, P. C. (Editor) (January 1997). 1275: 1266: 1235: 1214: 1184: 1177: 1175: 1074: 1072: 1070: 1068: 1066: 1064: 991: 989: 835:Reserved and Protected forests of India 60: 14: 1757: 1594:. Volume 87 (No. 4, 25 August 2004.). 1406: 1259: 1257: 1255: 1253: 1251: 1249: 1247: 1200: 1081: 1052: 1032: 966: 629:. In 1993, a training course covering 1296: 998: 950: 754: 44: 25: 1507: 1172: 1061: 986: 253:and was again renamed in 1955-56 as 17: 1244: 853:Indian wildlife portal on Knowledge 111: 80: 1630: 1538:Cite has empty unknown parameter: 735:by 74 families has been recorded. 112: 1791: 1705: 1346: 47:. The present address (URL) is a 1665:. Oxford University Press, USA. 1663:Oxford India Illustrated Corbett 1058:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 309-311 821: 813:Private protected areas of India 1585: 1226: 1223:Riley & Riley 2005: 208-210 1163: 897:literary references to Nainital 590:can be heard during the night. 1578:Bombay Natural History Society 1555:"Terai Arc Landscape in India" 908: 309:to link 13 protected areas of 273:, it suffered from excessive 13: 1: 1290: 983:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 210 918:. Wildlife Institute of India 873:Critically endangered species 840:Wildlife sanctuaries of India 652: 612: 313:and India to enable wildlife 1743: 1411:. Indus Publishing Company. 1284:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 263 1272:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 269 1241:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 311 1232:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 298 1197:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 286 1169:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 108 1092:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 208 1049:Tiwari & Joshi 1997: 309 415:forests and lowest in the 320: 7: 1029:Riley & Riley 2005: 210 963:Riley & Riley 2005: 208 803:Conservation areas of India 793:Biosphere reserves of India 746: 299:Great One-horned Rhinoceros 24:of this page, as edited by 10: 1796: 1661:Corbett, Jim (July 2004). 1590:Indian Academy of Sciences 1562:World Wide Fund for Nature 1303:Princeton University Press 701: 387: 208: 830: 819: 798:Communal forests of India 788: 497:have also been recorded. 159:— named after the famous 157:Jim Corbett National Park 146: 136: 129: 124:Jim Corbett National Park 121:Jim Corbett National Park 119: 1775:Geography of Uttarakhand 1644:. Buccaneer Books, Inc. 902: 782:Protected areas of India 601:of several hundred. The 452: 404: 1765:National parks of India 1487:Rangarajan, M. (2006). 808:National parks of India 657: 564:yellow-throated martens 45:20:24, 18 November 2007 1770:Tourism in Uttarakhand 878:Leopard of Rudraprayag 622: 462: 330: 255:Corbett National Park. 251:Ramganga National Park 1297:Riley, Laura (2005). 620: 552:Himalayan Black bears 460: 429:Mallotus philippensis 368:in the north and the 328: 181:critically endangered 161:hunter and naturalist 1642:Man-Eaters of Kumaon 1553:Drayton, F. (2004). 1350:Springer Netherlands 893:Man-Eaters of Kumaon 888:Rajaji National Park 556:Indian Grey Mongoose 280:district of Nainital 239:Hailey National Park 1472:Government of India 1160:Rangarajan 2006: 78 1148:Rangarajan 2006: 72 710:such as the exotic 439:Diospyros tomentosa 291:World Wildlife Fund 87:← Previous revision 1688:Unknown parameter 1491:. Orient Longman. 1445:Unknown parameter 1437:has generic name ( 1388:Unknown parameter 1328:Unknown parameter 938:Unknown parameter 858:Indomalaya ecozone 623: 597:are seen in large 493:and 37 species of 477:— ancestor of all 463: 331: 1588:Current Science ( 1211:Singh et al. 1995 848: 847: 678:area situated on 469:, blossom headed 397:heavy during the 193:The park has sub- 173:Nainital district 154: 153: 64:Havelock the Dane 28:Havelock the Dane 1787: 1701: 1695: 1691: 1690:|coauthors= 1686: 1684: 1676: 1655: 1640:(January 1985). 1626: 1621:has extra text ( 1620: 1615: 1610:has extra text ( 1609: 1605: 1603: 1595: 1571: 1569: 1568: 1559: 1547: 1541: 1536: 1534: 1526: 1524: 1523: 1502: 1481: 1479: 1478: 1469: 1458: 1452: 1448: 1447:|coauthors= 1442: 1436: 1432: 1430: 1422: 1401: 1395: 1391: 1390:|coauthors= 1385: 1380:has extra text ( 1379: 1374: 1369:has extra text ( 1368: 1364: 1362: 1354: 1341: 1335: 1331: 1330:|coauthors= 1326: 1324: 1316: 1285: 1282: 1273: 1270: 1264: 1261: 1242: 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1936
hunter and naturalist
national park
India
Nainital district
Uttarakhand
critically endangered
Bengal tiger
Project Tiger
Himalayan
fauna
ecotourism
princely state
Tehri Garhwal
Raja

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