22:
344:
made a public apology, saying that the teleconferencing company had not anticipated the sudden influx of new consumer users and stating that "this is a mistake and lesson learned." In response to the concerns, Zoom has published a guide on their blog on how to avoid these types of incidents. On April
144:
While a Zoom session is in progress, unfamiliar users show up and hijack the session by saying or showing things that are lewd, obscene, or racist in nature. The compromised Zoom session is then typically shut down by the host. Many of those successful in disrupting sessions have posted video footage
131:
or meeting links (allowing users to instantly join a Zoom meeting instead of entering the credentials required to access a meeting) for sessions that were vulnerable to being joined without authorization. At educational institutions, some students were "actively asking strangers to
Zoombomb or 'Zoom
140:
searches for URLs that include "Zoom.us" could bring up conferences that are not password protected, and that links within public pages can allow anyone to join. Hackers and trolls also look for easy targets such as unprotected or underprotected "check-in" meetings in which organizations meet with
349:
and security updates to the application. Such updates include a more visible "Security" icon for users to see and use, suppression of meeting ID numbers, and a change in the default settings to require passwords and waiting rooms for sessions. On April 8, 2020, Zoom announced that it had formed a
328:
briefly banned all teachers within the country from using Zoom before lifting the ban three days later, adding extra security features. Some
Zoombombers have shared their side of the story, claiming they aren't trying to cause harm. They claim it is a form of protest in response to the extensive
74:
Zoombombing has caused significant issues in particular for schools, companies, and organizations worldwide. Such incidents have resulted in increased scrutiny on Zoom as well as restrictions on usage of the platform by educational, corporate, and governmental institutions globally. In response,
1319:
Over the last few weeks, internet trolls have exploited a Zoom screen-sharing feature to hijack meetings and do things like interrupt educational sessions or post white supremacist messages to a webinar on anti-Semitism — a phenomenon called "Zoombombing." "We appreciate the New York attorney
189:
and apologized for "vile" events that interrupted "lectures and learning." Zoombombing has prompted colleges and universities to publish guides and resources to educate and bring awareness to their students and staff about the phenomenon. Zoombombing has left online lectures vulnerable to the
374:
for all users, turning on meeting passwords by default, giving users the ability to choose which data centers calls are routed from, consulting with security experts, forming a CISO council, an improved bug bounty program, and working with third parties to help test security.
495:, gained popularity for his Zoom bombings. Sedik would request Zoom meeting links or passwords from his followers on social media, and would broadcast the subsequent invasions live. Sedik's antics made him a popular subject for various
2238:
2019:
1237:
164:
While it is believed
Zoombombing attacks are mainly orchestrated by external hackers and trolls, many are also orchestrated internally from within their respective organization or entity. Some view Zoombombing as a continuation of
487:
with a digital racist threat. He allegedly crashed a class Zoom conference on
October 14, 2020 and targeted the Laureate Academy Charter School, whose student population is about 67% Black, because of its racial demographics.
1701:
1444:
370:(frequently used as a tactic in Zoombombing) integration until security concerns could be properly and fully addressed. On July 1, 2020, Zoom stated it had released 100 new safety features over the past 90 days, including
2145:
180:
The trolling has caused a number of problems for schools and educators, with unwanted participants posting lewd content to interrupt learning sessions. Some schools had to suspend using video conferencing altogether. The
2051:
190:
intrusion of people looking to inflict harm. These crimes have brought attention not only to the lack of security on videoconferencing platforms, but also the lack in the universities. According to an article from
471:
in the middle of sexual intercourse. Overlapping the content's original audio was a man speaking
English with a thick Italian accent stating, "I used to be a sex offender, but now I am a kindergarten teacher."
1983:
1537:
1506:
1920:
1876:
1011:
2115:
1854:
616:
2230:
2005:
1227:
2082:
907:
238:(FBI) warned of video-teleconferencing and online classroom hijacking, which it called "Zoom-bombing." The FBI advised users of teleconferencing software to keep meetings private, require
976:
680:
1953:
1668:
1475:
1140:
2207:
75:
Zoom, citing the sudden influx of new users due to the COVID-19 pandemic, took measures to increase security of its teleconferencing application. Incidents of
Zoombombing have prompted
1099:
1605:
1916:
1306:
59:, or offensive in nature, typically resulting in the shutdown of the session or the removal of the troll. The term is especially associated with and is derived from the name of the
874:
366:, passwords by default, and a feature to report suspicious users to its Trust and Safety Team for possible misuse. In May 2020, Zoom announced it had temporarily disabled its
2176:
1692:
1435:
2137:
2041:
807:
407:, a man was arrested after being traced to pornographic videos that were streamed on Zoom. As of May 2020, the FBI has received 195 incidents of Zoombombing involving
223:
recovery programs who were forced to switch to online meetings. Concerns arise from causing undue stress to an already vulnerable population and video recording which can break
1627:
1250:
people turn to video-teleconferencing (VTC) platforms to stay connected in the wake of the COVID-19 crisis, reports of VTC hijacking (also called "Zoom-bombing") are emerging
1823:
63:
videoconferencing software program, but it has also been used to refer to the phenomenon on other video conferencing platforms. The term became popularized in 2020 when the
1343:
773:
1792:
575:
250:
to the meeting host only. Given the number of incidents of
Zoombombing, New York's attorney general initiated an inquiry into Zoom's data privacy and security policies.
746:
1731:
943:
1529:
1975:
1201:
1498:
1170:
2272:
1569:
1912:
1379:
1898:
1000:
2105:
647:
1846:
1411:
1273:
606:
2074:
897:
713:
1072:
966:
833:
670:
607:"Zoom video meetings are being interrupted by hackers spewing hate speech and showing porn. It's called 'Zoombombing.' Here's how to prevent it"
1943:
1658:
1467:
1122:
2199:
1095:
1595:
2303:
1297:
864:
2168:
2313:
799:
383:
National authorities worldwide warned of possible charges against people engaging with
Zoombombing. On April 8, 2020, a teen in
132:
raid' their virtual classrooms to spice up their isolated lessons" and facilitating the raids by sharing passwords with the raiders.
736:
442:
classes was "Zoombombed" on May 6, 2020. The church alleged that Zoom "did nothing" when it tried to reach out to the company.
1635:
439:
1815:
2323:
1333:
761:
1944:"Connecticut Teen Arrested for Allegedly 'Zoom Bombing' Virtual High School Lessons and Using 'Obscene Language and Gestures'"
1784:
565:
309:
350:
council of chief information security officers from other companies to share ideas on best practices, and that it had hired
1723:
933:
640:"Zoombombing, Location Tracking, and Contact Tracing, Oh My! Data Privacy & Cybersecurity During the COVID-19 Pandemic"
456:
1761:
1193:
329:
amount of work given from teachers. Not all incidents are malicious, as many have shared some new pop culture, such as
2006:"FBI Issues Warning To Public After Reports Of 'Zoombombing' With Child Abuse Being Displayed During Virtual Meetings"
269:
to investigate into the matter, accusing Zoom of engaging in deceptive practices regarding user privacy and security.
1406:
1166:
325:
182:
95:, though the term has also been used in reference to similar incidents on other teleconferencing platforms, such as
2261:
1559:
258:
1369:
1232:
235:
483:, faced multiple federal charges after he interrupted an elementary school's video conference class during the
2308:
1913:"Federal, State, and Local Law Enforcement Warn Against Teleconferencing Hacking During Coronavirus Pandemic"
1877:"Federal, State, and Local Law Enforcement Warn Against Teleconferencing Hacking During Coronavirus Pandemic"
639:
1401:
1263:
865:"USC, school districts getting 'Zoom-bombed' with racist taunts, porn as they transition to online meetings"
1600:
363:
313:
273:
703:
280:
banned the use of Zoom on its corporate computers, directing employees to instead use its video chat app
2318:
427:
2338:
1727:
1530:"Singapore schools to resume use of Zoom for home-based learning with additional safeguards in place"
1062:
60:
227:. Some bombers reference the drug-of-choice for recovery members, such as alcohol, in an attempt to
79:
in various countries to investigate such cases and file criminal charges against those responsible.
71:, and videoconferencing came to be used on a large scale by businesses, schools, and social groups.
2343:
2333:
1436:"School districts, including New York City's, start banning Zoom because of online security issues"
297:
266:
2328:
400:
247:
243:
76:
1034:
1338:
476:
416:
392:
371:
251:
197:
115:, who exploit and work around the application's security features. In various forums such as
1691:
1296:
2110:
2075:"California church files class action lawsuit against Zoom after bible class 'Zoombombing'"
384:
289:
208:
204:
8:
1006:
834:"'Local Residents' Terrorizing City Council Meetings Were Actually Overseas, Feds Allege"
522:
396:
359:
212:
52:
1596:"Zoom Announces New Security Changes In Response To Hacks And 'Zoom-Bombing' Incidents"
1228:"FBI Warns of Teleconferencing and Online Classroom Hijacking During COVID-19 Pandemic"
570:
451:
200:, in the midst of a rape-chat scandal, received criticisms for its weak cybersecurity.
116:
68:
1892:
1132:
1063:"'Zoombombing' is the new way to troll online. Here's how to protect your video chat"
869:
484:
463:
104:
64:
48:
971:
88:
2046:
1560:"After Zoom calls hacked with racial slurs and pornography, CEO admits "mistake""
1499:"Singapore bans teachers using Zoom after hackers post obscene images on screens"
938:
611:
346:
216:
92:
800:"Were You Zoom-Bombed? Video of It May Now Be on YouTube, TikTok for All to See"
671:"The internet is now rife with places where you can organize Zoom-bombing raids"
2169:"Tifa Lockhart Final Fantasy Pornography Interrupts Italian Senate Proceedings"
1468:"MOE suspends use of Zoom for home-based learning after hackers hijack classes"
527:
446:
412:
228:
177:
Zoombombings would frequently make the local news for how disruptive they are.
112:
44:
40:
2231:"Racist 'Zoombombing' of Harvey fifth-grade class leads to federal indictment"
1194:"Alcoholics Anonymous members find support online during coronavirus pandemic"
588:"Zoombombing" or "Zoom raiding" by uninvited participants have become frequent
246:
such as "waiting rooms" to limit access only to specific people, and limiting
107:
as an alternative to face-to-face meetings resulted in widespread exposure to
2297:
1753:
1136:
902:
769:
496:
468:
431:
404:
254:
169:
by teenagers, particularly after schools were shut down due to the pandemic.
166:
150:
25:
1001:"'Zoombombing' disrupts online classes at University of Southern California"
1374:
1127:
1067:
708:
512:
500:
435:
312:
prohibited all its teachers from using the platform with students, and the
192:
146:
1167:"Trolls crash Zoom Alcoholics Anonymous meetings: 'Alcohol is soooo good'"
1123:"Harassment fears as students post extreme pornography in online lectures"
2042:"More than 120 cases of child abuse Zoombombing in UK being investigated"
2015:
408:
351:
967:"'Zoombombers' disrupt online classes with racist, pornographic content"
898:"Most Zoombombing is not done by external hackers – they're inside jobs"
123:, efforts have been coordinated to disrupt Zoom sessions, while certain
1402:"Taiwan joins Canada in banning Zoom for government video conferencing"
1264:"FBI warns video calls are getting hijacked. It's called 'Zoombombing'"
1039:
737:"Zoombombing: What it is and how you can prevent it in Zoom video chat"
561:
517:
388:
281:
2106:"California church sues Zoom over 'Zoombombing' pornography incident"
2078:
1976:"SF Man Traced From Zoom Streaming Activity Faces Child Porn Charges"
1663:
1035:"School quits video calls after naked man 'guessed' the meeting link"
838:
341:
321:
224:
220:
56:
1659:"Zoom adds new security and privacy measures to prevent Zoombombing"
1334:"Senator Asks FTC To Investigate Zoom's 'Deceptive' Security Claims"
47:
call. In a typical
Zoombombing incident, a teleconferencing session
1948:
1757:
1693:"Zoom Rushes to Improve Privacy for Consumers Flooding Its Service"
1564:
537:
480:
403:; police also identified another teen involved in the incident. In
355:
239:
186:
128:
2200:"Italian Senate meeting interrupted by lewd "Final Fantasy" video"
2010:
1917:
United States
District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan
704:"'Zoombombing' is an inside job? Meeting codes shared on Twitter"
532:
158:
124:
934:"'Zoom Bombing' Is A Pandemic Thing; It's Also A Bullying Thing"
1298:"New York Attorney General Looks Into Zoom's Privacy Practices"
492:
334:
317:
305:
301:
285:
277:
154:
137:
120:
108:
1628:"How to Keep the Party Crashers from Crashing Your Zoom Event"
21:
1879:. April 3, 2020. Archived from the original on April 16, 2020
1816:"Zoom promises its first transparency report later this year"
675:
399:
following a Zoombombing incident involving online classes at
367:
330:
100:
96:
2138:"Porn video inserted into M5S Senate online event - English"
863:
Xia, Roxanna; Blume, Howard; Money, Luke (March 25, 2020).
741:
293:
262:
234:
The problem reached such prominence that the United States
133:
1785:"Zoom has temporarily removed Giphy from its chat feature"
1268:
2262:"SPACE INVADERS: THE NETWORKED TERRAIN OF ZOOM BOMBING"
793:
791:
272:
Amid concerns about Zoombombing, various organizations
461:
was interrupted by roughly a minute of a 3D animated
1847:"Zoom released 100 new security features in 90 days"
788:
566:"'Zoombombing' Becomes a Dangerous Organized Effort"
491:
In 2020, livestreamer Muudea Sedik, better known as
337:, to bring some relief and fun during the pandemic.
308:
governments banned Zoom for all government use. The
39:
is the unwanted, disruptive intrusion, generally by
28:
portraying a Zoom meeting with an unwanted intrusion
1434:
999:
362:in April 2020 with security features that include
2295:
1897:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1754:"'Zoombombing' targeted with new version of app"
1724:"90-Day Security Plan Progress Report: April 22"
1295:Hakim, Danny; Singer, Natasha (March 30, 2020).
762:"Zoombombing, Sexting and Revenge Porn, Oh My!"
467:pornographic parody, displaying the character
16:Unwanted intrusion into video conference calls
1370:"Who has banned Zoom? Google, NASA, and more"
862:
1191:
1054:
1294:
858:
856:
87:The term "Zoombombing" is derived from the
1589:
1587:
1527:
1367:
559:
2259:
1465:
1032:
600:
598:
596:
1593:
1160:
1158:
1096:"'Zoombies' Take Over Online Classrooms"
1093:
997:
853:
759:
637:
555:
553:
20:
2228:
1941:
1584:
1572:from the original on September 21, 2021
1432:
1060:
831:
701:
668:
604:
445:In 2022, an online event hosted by the
419:has reported more than 120 such cases.
103:. The increased use of Zoom during the
2296:
2278:from the original on February 20, 2024
2197:
2103:
1857:from the original on November 16, 2020
1826:from the original on November 16, 2020
1813:
1764:from the original on December 22, 2021
1689:
1671:from the original on November 25, 2021
1656:
1608:from the original on December 14, 2020
1509:from the original on November 20, 2021
1496:
1346:from the original on November 19, 2021
1276:from the original on November 19, 2021
1261:
1225:
1221:
1219:
1164:
964:
931:
810:from the original on December 11, 2021
716:from the original on November 26, 2020
593:
320:disabled access to Zoom to its staff.
2179:from the original on February 4, 2022
2054:from the original on October 26, 2021
1844:
1782:
1368:Vigliarolo, Brandon (April 9, 2020).
1363:
1361:
1309:from the original on January 13, 2023
1155:
1120:
734:
578:from the original on December 7, 2021
550:
310:New York City Department of Education
284:. The use of Zoom was also banned by
141:their employers or clients remotely.
51:by the insertion of material that is
2198:Kaonga, Gerrard (January 20, 2022).
2166:
2072:
1466:Elangovan, Navene (April 10, 2020).
1331:
1320:general's engagement on these issues
1185:
965:Redden, Elizabeth (March 26, 2020).
946:from the original on October 3, 2020
910:from the original on October 8, 2020
827:
825:
749:from the original on April 21, 2020.
638:Holmberg, Shannon (April 20, 2020).
422:
2304:Criticisms of software and websites
2253:
2210:from the original on March 18, 2022
1923:from the original on April 16, 2020
1552:
1540:from the original on April 15, 2020
1414:from the original on April 12, 2020
1382:from the original on April 13, 2020
1240:from the original on April 16, 2020
1216:
1204:from the original on April 10, 2020
1094:McKenzie, Lindsay (April 3, 2020).
1014:from the original on March 25, 2020
979:from the original on March 29, 2020
932:Dalbey, Beth (September 17, 2020).
877:from the original on March 28, 2020
797:
760:Brazzano, Rebecca (June 10, 2020).
650:from the original on April 30, 2020
358:, as an adviser. Zoom released its
354:, former chief security officer of
127:accounts advertise meeting IDs and
13:
2191:
2167:Zaid, A'bidah (January 20, 2022).
2160:
2148:from the original on April 7, 2022
2104:Kelley, Alexandra (May 14, 2020).
2022:from the original on June 16, 2020
1734:from the original on June 18, 2020
1704:from the original on March 5, 2022
1478:from the original on July 11, 2023
1447:from the original on April 4, 2020
1433:Strauss, Valerie (April 4, 2020).
1358:
1226:Setera, Kristen (March 30, 2020).
1173:from the original on March 7, 2021
1075:from the original on June 13, 2020
1061:Wolford, Brooke (March 25, 2020).
1033:Whittaker, Zack (March 26, 2020).
895:
776:from the original on March 5, 2022
728:
683:from the original on April 5, 2020
669:Cimpanu, Catalin (April 2, 2020).
619:from the original on June 22, 2021
14:
2355:
2314:Internet memes introduced in 2020
2241:from the original on May 27, 2023
2118:from the original on May 21, 2020
2085:from the original on May 18, 2020
1986:from the original on May 18, 2020
1956:from the original on July 1, 2021
1795:from the original on May 25, 2020
1690:Singer, Natasha (April 8, 2020).
1594:Billings, Kevin (April 8, 2020).
1497:Farrer, Martin (April 11, 2020).
1407:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
1143:from the original on May 22, 2020
998:Anderson, Nick (March 25, 2020).
822:
702:Conklin, Audrey (April 2, 2020).
231:the participants of the meeting.
183:University of Southern California
1942:Murdock, Jason (April 9, 2020).
1634:. March 20, 2020. Archived from
1165:Sparks, Hannah (April 2, 2020).
1102:from the original on May 1, 2020
896:Lu, Donna (September 30, 2020).
2229:Bubnash, Kasey (July 6, 2022).
2222:
2130:
2097:
2066:
2034:
1998:
1968:
1935:
1905:
1869:
1838:
1807:
1776:
1746:
1716:
1683:
1650:
1620:
1521:
1490:
1459:
1426:
1394:
1332:Bond, Shannon (April 3, 2020).
1325:
1288:
1262:Andone, Dakin (April 2, 2020).
1255:
1233:Federal Bureau of Investigation
1121:Batty, David (April 22, 2020).
1114:
1087:
1026:
991:
958:
925:
889:
832:Koebler, Jason (July 1, 2024).
605:Marotti, Ally (April 2, 2020).
378:
236:Federal Bureau of Investigation
2324:Online obscenity controversies
1192:Denise Royal (April 5, 2020).
798:Kan, Michael (April 2, 2020).
753:
695:
662:
631:
438:against Zoom after one of its
1:
1845:Cruze, Danny (July 2, 2020).
1657:Peters, Jay (April 3, 2020).
1528:hermesauto (April 13, 2020).
735:Hodge, Rae (April 21, 2020).
543:
185:called Zoombombing a type of
2269:Technology and Social Change
2073:Tyko, Kelly (May 15, 2020).
1814:Peters, Jay (July 1, 2020).
1601:International Business Times
314:Clark County School District
172:
82:
7:
1783:Lyons, Kim (May 25, 2020).
506:
10:
2362:
428:St. Paulus Lutheran Church
364:AES 256-bit GCM encryption
345:7, 2020, Zoom implemented
2260:Friedberg, Brian (2020).
1728:Zoom Video Communications
475:Brian Adams, a man from
298:Australian Defence Force
267:Federal Trade Commission
136:pointed out that simple
77:law enforcement officers
921:(subscription required)
458:Senato della Repubblica
401:Daniel Hand High School
455:and broadcast live to
274:banned the use of Zoom
145:of those incidents to
67:forced many people to
29:
1339:National Public Radio
499:, particularly among
417:National Crime Agency
372:end-to-end encryption
326:Ministry of Education
248:screen-sharing access
203:Zoombombing affected
198:University of Warwick
24:
2309:Hacking in the 2020s
2144:. January 18, 2022.
1098:. Inside Higher Ed.
436:class-action lawsuit
397:disturbing the peace
385:Madison, Connecticut
290:Smart Communications
209:Alcoholics Anonymous
205:twelve-step programs
1441:The Washington Post
1007:The Washington Post
387:, was arrested for
229:emotionally trigger
213:Narcotics Anonymous
1760:. April 23, 2020.
1730:. April 22, 2020.
1303:The New York Times
571:The New York Times
452:Movimento 5 Stelle
242:or other forms of
153:platforms such as
30:
2319:Internet trolling
1919:. April 3, 2020.
1915:(Press release).
1568:. April 2, 2020.
1534:The Straits Times
1410:. April 7, 2020.
870:Los Angeles Times
564:(April 3, 2020).
523:Text message bomb
485:COVID-19 pandemic
464:Final Fantasy VII
423:Notable incidents
276:. In April 2020,
105:COVID-19 pandemic
65:COVID-19 pandemic
2351:
2339:2020s neologisms
2288:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2277:
2266:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2050:. May 18, 2020.
2038:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2018:. May 20, 2020.
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1972:
1966:
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1711:
1709:
1695:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1638:on April 2, 2020
1624:
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1613:
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1577:
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1519:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1494:
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1487:
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1483:
1463:
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1456:
1454:
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1438:
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1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1365:
1356:
1355:
1353:
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1329:
1323:
1322:
1316:
1314:
1300:
1292:
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1259:
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1223:
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