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Zika fever

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1449: 1544:"). This remained unproven until February 2016, when a paper by Calvet et al. was published, showing not only was the Zika virus genome found in the amniotic fluid but also IgM antibodies against the virus. This means that not only can the virus cross the placental barrier, but also the antibodies produced by the mother can reach the fetus, which suggests that vertical transmission is plausible in these cases. One other study published in March 2016 by Mlakar and colleagues analyzed autopsy tissues from a fetus with microcephaly that was probably related to Zika virus; researchers found ZIKV in the brain tissue and suggested that the brain injuries were probably associated with the virus, which also shed a light on the vertical transmission theory. Also in March 2016, first solid evidence was reported on how the virus affects the development of the brain, indicating that it appears to preferentially kill developing brain cells. 862:(PRNT). RT-PCR of the infants serum and urine should be performed in the first two days of life. Newborns with a mother who was potentially exposed and who have positive blood tests, microcephaly or intracranial calcifications should have further testing including a thorough physical investigation for neurologic abnormalities, dysmorphic features, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and rash or other skin lesions. Other recommended tests are cranial ultrasound, hearing evaluation, and eye examination. Testing should be done for any abnormalities encountered as well as for other congenital infections such as 1188: 1305: 798:(WHO) recommends RT-PCR testing be done on serum collected within 1 to 3 days of symptom onset or on saliva samples collected during the first 3 to 5 days. When evaluating paired samples, Zika virus was detected more frequently in saliva than serum. Urine samples can be collected and tested up to 14 days after the onset of symptoms, as the virus has been seen to survive longer in the urine than either saliva or serum. The longest period of detectable virus has been 11 days and Zika virus does not appear to establish latency. 1203:, 6 caged rhesus monkeys were placed in the canopy of the Zika Forest of Uganda. On April 18 one of the monkeys (no. 776) developed a fever and blood samples revealed the first known case of Zika fever. Population surveys at the time in Uganda found 6.1% of individuals to be seropositive for Zika. The first human cases were reported in Nigeria in 1954. A few outbreaks have been reported in tropical Africa and in some areas in Southeast Asia. Until recently there were no documented cases of Zika virus in the 482: 60: 1256:, which was the predominant species identified in Yap during the outbreak, was probably the main vector of transmission. While the way of introduction of the virus on Yap Island remains uncertain, it is likely to have happened through introduction of infected mosquitoes or a human infected with a strain related to those in Southeast Asia. This was also the first time Zika fever had been reported outside Africa and Asia. Before the Yap Island outbreak, only 14 human cases had ever been reported. 406: 1510:, Hawaii, was born with microcephaly, the first case in the United States of brain damage linked to the virus. The baby and mother tested positive for a past Zika virus infection. The mother, who had probably acquired the virus while traveling in Brazil in May 2015 during the early stages of her pregnancy, had reported her bout of Zika. She recovered before relocating to Hawaii. Her pregnancy had progressed normally, and the baby's condition was not known until birth. 894:(WHO) released a Guideline of infant feeding in areas of Zika virus transmission, first in 2016 and updated in 2021, where the evidence showed that despite the detection of Zika virus in breast milk, there is unclear evidence of transmission to the infant, and considering that Zika virus infection among infants is mild, the balance between desirable and undesirable effects favours breastfeeding versus not breastfeeding. According to the 2021WHO guidelines: 1324:
Brazil, since the disease is not subject to compulsory notification. Even so, cases were reported in 14 states of the country. Mosquito-borne Zika virus is suspected to be the cause of 2,400 possible cases of microcephaly and 29 infant deaths in Brazil in 2015 (of the 2400 or so notified cases in 2015, 2165 were under investigation in December 2015, 134 were confirmed and 102 were ruled out for microcephaly).
1560:(GBS), noted in the French Polynesia outbreak, has also been found in the outbreak that began in Brazil. Laboratory analysis found Zika infections in some patients with GBS in Brazil, El Salvador, Suriname and Venezuela, and the WHO declared on 22 March 2016 that Zika appeared to be "implicated" in GBS infection and that if the pattern was confirmed it would represent a global public health crisis. 1691: 1062:, issued a statement in February 2016 "declaring that the recent cluster of microcephaly cases and other neurological disorders reported in Brazil, following a similar cluster in French Polynesia in 2014, constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern." The declaration allowed the WHO to coordinate international response to the virus as well as gave its guidance the force of 465:(GBS), which is a rapid onset of muscle weakness caused by the immune system damaging the peripheral nervous system, and which can progress to paralysis. While both GBS and Zika infection can simultaneously occur in the same individual, it is difficult to definitively identify Zika virus as the cause of GBS. Though Zika virus has been shown to infect human 505:, in the baby. The full range of birth defects caused by infection during pregnancy is not known, but they appear to be common, with large scale abnormalities seen in up to 42% of live births. The most common observed associations have been abnormalities with brain and eye development such as microcephaly and 1207:, however, the first cases were reported in 2017 from Gujarat state and Tamil Nadu, more cases were reported in Rajasthan state involving an outbreak of 153 reported cases and in a pregnant women living in Kerala state. A 1954 study assessing blood samples from several people from different states found 1548:
This study did not suffer from some of the difficulties of studying Zika: the study followed women who presented to a Rio de Janeiro clinic with fever and rash within the last five days. The women were then tested for Zika using PCR, then the progress of the pregnancies were followed using ultrasound.
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in adults. Studies of this and prior outbreaks have found Zika infection during pregnancy to be associated with early pregnancy loss and other pregnancy problems. In the Americas the number of cases peaked during the first half of 2016 and declined through 2017–2018, with a total of 31,587 suspected,
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advising pregnant women to consider postponing travel to countries and territories with ongoing local transmission of Zika virus. Later, the advice was updated to caution pregnant women to avoid these areas entirely if possible and, if travel is unavoidable, to protect themselves from mosquito bites.
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The first cases of birth defects linked to Zika in Colombia and in Panama were reported in March 2016. In the same month, researchers published a prospective cohort study that found profound impacts in 29 percent of infants of mothers infected with Zika, some of whom were infected late in pregnancy.
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in 20 states remaining under investigation. An analysis of 574 cases of microcephaly in Brazil during 2015 and the first week of 2016, reported in March 2016, found an association with maternal illness involving rash and fever during the first trimester of pregnancy. During this period, 12 Brazilian
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Proving that Zika causes these effects was difficult and complex for several reasons. For example, the effects on an infant might not be seen until months after the mother's initial infection, long after the time when Zika is easily detected in the body. In addition, research was needed to determine
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Zika virus was first identified in the late 1940s in Kampala, Uganda, Africa but was first confirmed in Brazil. Since it was first identified, Zika has been found in more than 27 countries and territories. Following the initial Zika outbreak in Northeastern Brazil in May 2015, physicians observed a
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samples, with one person having 100,000 times more virus in semen than blood or urine, two weeks after being infected. It is unclear why levels in semen can be higher than other body fluids, and it is also unclear how long infectious virus can remain in semen. There have also been cases of men with
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In May 2015, Brazil officially reported its first 16 cases of the illness. Although, a case of illness was reported in March 2015 in a returning traveller. According to the Brazilian Health Ministry, as of November 2015 there was no official count of the number of people infected with the virus in
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mosquito populations, including the destruction of larval breeding sites (the aquatic pools in which eggs are laid and larvae hatch prior to mosquito development into flying adults); and, insecticides targeting either the larval stages, adult mosquitoes or both. Additionally, a whole host of novel
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The Zika virus was first linked with newborn microcephaly during the Brazil Zika virus outbreak. In 2015, there were 2,782 suspected cases of microcephaly compared with 147 in 2014 and 167 in 2013. Confirmation of many of the recent cases is pending, and it is difficult to estimate how many cases
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Zika virus had been relatively little studied until the major outbreak in 2015, and no specific antiviral treatments are available as yet. Advice to pregnant women is to avoid any risk of infection so far as possible, as once infected there is little that can be done beyond supportive treatment.
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Whether the stage of pregnancy at which the mother becomes infected affects the risk to the fetus is not well understood, nor is whether other risk factors affect outcomes. One group has estimated the risk of a baby developing microcephaly at about 1% when the mother is infected during the first
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Infants fed with expressed breast-milk from mothers with suspected, probable or confirmed Zika virus infection or who reside in or have travelled to areas of ongoing Zika virus transmission should be fed according to normal infant feeding guidelines (strong recommendation, very-low certainty of
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Infants born to mothers with suspected, probable or confirmed Zika virus infection or who reside in or have travelled to areas of ongoing Zika virus transmission should be fed according to normal infant feeding guidelines. They should start breastfeeding within one hour of birth, be exclusively
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The CDC recommends screening some pregnant women even if they do not have symptoms of infection. Pregnant women who have traveled to affected areas should be tested between two and twelve weeks after their return from travel. Due to the difficulties with ordering and interpreting tests for Zika
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analysis of Asian strains, it was estimated that Zika virus had moved to Southeast Asia by 1945. In 1977–1978, Zika virus infection was described as a cause of fever in Indonesia. Before 2007, there were only 13 reported natural infections with Zika virus, all with a mild, self-limited febrile
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Many parts of the Caribbean: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, The Bahamas, Barbados, Bonaire, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Curaçao, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Puerto Rico, Saba, Saint Saint Barthélemy, Saint Lucia, Saint
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Among infants (0–12 months) affected by complications associated with Zika virus infection, infant feeding practices should be modified (such as adjusting the environment, postural correction or thickening feeds) to achieve and maintain optimal possible infant growth and development (strong
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have been reported. The CDC recommends that women with Zika fever should wait at least 8 weeks after they start having symptoms of disease before attempting to conceive. There have been no reported cases of transmission from breastfeeding, but infectious virus has been found in breast milk.
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mosquito was eradicated on some Caribbean islands and in at least eighteen Latin American countries. Decreasing political will and presumably available money, mosquito resistance to insecticide, and a pace of urbanization which exceeded eradication efforts led to this mosquito's comeback.
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Male partners of pregnant women and couples contemplating pregnancy who must travel to areas where Zika is active are advised to use condoms or abstain from sex. The agency also suggested that women thinking about becoming pregnant should consult with their physicians before traveling.
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the reported rates of microcephaly in 2015 are 77 times higher than in the previous 5 years. A model using data from a Zika outbreak in French Polynesia estimated the risk of microcephaly in children born to mothers who acquired Zika virus in the first trimester to be 1%.
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Cardona-Ospina, Jaime A.; Henao-SanMartina, Valentina; F.Acevedo-Mendoza, Wilmer; Nasner-Posso, Katherinn Melissa; F.MartĂ­nez-PulgarĂ­n, Dayron; Restrepo-LĂłpez, Abril; Valencia-Gallego, Valentina; Collins, Matthew H.; Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J. (6 September 2019).
838:, though this may be adjusted based on local resources and the local burden of Zika virus. Additional testing should be done if there are any signs of Zika virus disease. Women with positive test results for Zika virus infection should have their fetus monitored by 1327:
The Brazilian Health Ministry has reported at least 2,400 suspected cases of microcephaly in the country in 2015 as of 12 December, and 29 fatalities. Before the Zika outbreak, only an average of 150 to 200 cases per year were reported in Brazil. In the state of
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Islands of the Federated States of Micronesia. A total of 108 cases were confirmed by PCR or serology and 72 additional cases were suspected. The most common symptoms were rash, fever, arthralgia, and conjunctivitis, and no deaths were reported. The mosquito
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Since the initial outbreak, studies that use several different methods found evidence of a link, leading public health officials to conclude that it appears increasingly likely the virus is linked to microcephaly and miscarriage. On 1 February 2016, the
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França, Giovanny V A; Schuler-Faccini, Lavinia; Oliveira, Wanderson K; Henriques, Claudio M P; Carmo, Eduardo H; Pedi, Vaneide D; Nunes, Marília L; Castro, Marcia C; Serruya, Suzanne; Silveira, Mariùngela F; Barros, Fernando C; Victora, Cesar G (2016).
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probable, and confirmed cases of ZIKV disease were reported in the Region of the Americas. Of these, 3,473 (11%) were laboratory confirmed. In general, transmission persists at low levels in some areas and is not uniformly distributed within countries.
1600:. Zika proteins NS4A and NS4B have also been shown to directly suppress neurogenesis. Infection of brain stem cells can cause cell death, which reduces the production of future neurons and leads to a smaller brain. Zika also appears to have an equal 4461:
Oduyebo, Titilope; Petersen, Emily E.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.; et al. (2016). "Update: Interim Guidelines for Health Care Providers Caring for Pregnant Women and Women of Reproductive Age with Possible Zika Virus Exposure — United States, 2016".
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Aguilar Ticona, Juan P.; Nery, Nivison; Doss-Gollin, Simon; Gambrah, Claudia; Lessa, Millani; Rastely-JĂșnior, Valmir; Matos, Adriana; de Paula Freitas, Bruno; Borja, Ana; Wunder, Elsio A.; Ballalai, Verena (15 September 2021). Isgum, Ivana (ed.).
1517:. On 20 February 2016, Brazilian scientists announced that they had successfully sequenced the Zika virus genome and expressed hope that this would help in both developing a vaccine and in determining the nature of any link to birth defects. 2995:
Sarno, Manoel; Sacramento, Gielson A.; Khouri, Ricardo; RosĂĄrio, Mateus S. do; Costa, Federico; Archanjo, Gracinda; Santos, Luciane A. Jr.; Nery, Nivison Jr.; Vasilakis, Nikos; Ko, Albert I.; de Almeida, Antonio R. P. (25 February 2016).
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bacteria to render mosquitoes resistant to the virus, and, the release of sterilized male mosquitoes that breed with wild female mosquitoes to give rise to non-viable offspring (offspring that do not survive to the biting, adult stage).
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and several affected countries have developed strategies to screen blood donors. The U.S. FDA has recommended universal screening of blood products for Zika. The virus is detected in 3% of asymptomatic blood donors in French Polynesia.
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trimester, with the risk of developing microcephaly becoming uncertain beyond the first trimester. Affected babies might appear normal but actually have brain abnormalities; infection in newborns could also lead to brain damage.
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were refuted by scientists. "It's important to state that some localities that do not use pyriproxyfen also had reported cases of microcephaly", read a Brazilian government statement. The Brazilian government also refuted
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Mothers and caregivers of infants affected by complications associated with Zika virus (such as feeding difficulties) should receive skilled support from health-care workers to initiate and sustain optimal infant feeding
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technologies are under current development for mosquito control and the World Health Organization has recently lent its support for the accelerated development of modern methods for mosquito control such as the use of
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is a technique for changing wild populations, for instance to combat insects so they cannot transmit diseases (in particular mosquitoes in the cases of malaria and Zika). Another method which been researched aims to
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regulatory strategies were proposed by the WHO and NIH. Animal and early human studies were underway as of September 2016. As of December 2019, there were several vaccine candidates in various stages of development.
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Faria, Nuno Rodrigues; Azevedo, Raimunda do Socorro da Silva; Kraemer, Moritz U.G.; Souza, Renato; Cunha, Mariana Sequetin; Hill, Sarah C.; Thézé, Julien; Bonsall, Michael B.; Bowden, Thomas A. (15 April 2016).
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Due to being in the same family as dengue, there has been concern that it could cause similar bleeding disorders. However that has only been documented in one case, with blood seen in semen, also known as
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Malhotra, Bharti; Gupta, Veenu; Sharma, Pratibha; Singh, Ruchi; Sharma, Himanshu; Vyas, Madhavi; Mathur, Ravi P.; Mathur, Virender K.; Meena, Deepa; Malhotra, Hemant; Yadav, Pragya D. (1 December 2020).
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Brasil, Patrícia; Pereira, José P.; Moreira, M. Elisabeth; Nogueira, Rita M. Ribeiro; Damasceno, Luana; Wakimoto, Mayumi; Rabello, Renata S.; Valderramos, Stephanie G.; Halai, Umme-Aiman (4 March 2016).
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In addition to inducing cell death, infection of neural progenitor cells may alter the process of cell proliferation, causing a depletion in the pool of progenitor cells. A large number of cases of 
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Another line of research considers that Zika, unlike other flaviviruses, may target developing brain cells after it crosses the placenta, and considers the resulting damage likely to be the result of
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In February 2016, ocular disorders in newborns have been linked to Zika virus infection. In one study in Pernambuco state in Brazil, about 40 percent of babies with Zika-related microcephaly also had
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in February 2016. The emergency was lifted in November 2016, but 84 countries still reported cases as of March 2017. The last proven case of Zika spread in the Continental United States was in 2017.
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When returning from travel, with or without symptoms, it is suggested that prevention of mosquito bites continue for 3 weeks in order reduce the risk of virus transmission to uninfected mosquitos.
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de Bernardi Schneider, Adriano; Malone, Robert W.; Guo, Jun-Tao; Homan, Jane; Linchangco, Gregorio; Witter, Zachary L.; Vinesett, Dylan; Damodaran, Lambodhar; Janies, Daniel A. (1 December 2016).
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as evidence grew that Zika is a cause of birth defects and neurological problems. In April 2016, WHO stated there is a scientific consensus, based on preliminary evidence, that Zika is a cause of
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and Central America, reaching Mexico in November 2015. In 2016 it established local transmission in Florida and Texas. The first death in the United States due to Zika occurred in February 2016.
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Some experimental methods of prevention include breeding and releasing mosquitoes that have been genetically modified to prevent them from transmitting pathogens, or have been infected with the
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Leal, Mariana C; Muniz, Lilian F; Ferreira, Tamires S.A; Santos, Cristiane M; Almeida, Luciana C; Van Der Linden, Vanessa; Ramos, Regina C.F; Rodrigues, Laura C; Neto, Silvio S. Caldas (2016).
1121:'s genetically modified OX513A mosquito was approved by Brazil's National Biosecurity Technical Commission (CTNBio) in April 2014 and it was being used to try to combat mosquitoes carrying the 7376: 7006: 6723:
Cauchemez, Simon; Besnard, Marianne; Bompard, Priscillia; Dub, Timothée; Guillemette-Artur, Prisca; Eyrolle-Guignot, Dominique; Salje, Henrik; Kerkhove, Maria D Van; Abadie, Véronique (2016).
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virus, the CDC also recommends that healthcare providers contact their local health department for assistance. For women living in affected areas, the CDC has recommended testing at the first
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antibodies to Zika virus can be used. IgM antibodies can be detectable within 3 days of the onset of illness. Serological cross-reactions with closely related flaviviruses such as dengue and
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no symptoms of Zika virus infection transmitting the disease. The CDC has recommended that all men who have travelled to affected areas should wait at least 6 months before trying to attempt
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D’Ortenzio, Eric; Matheron, Sophie; de Lamballerie, Xavier; Hubert, Bruno; Piorkowski, GĂ©raldine; Maquart, Marianne; Descamps, Diane; Damond, Florence; Yazdanpanah, Yazdan (2 June 2016).
3719:"Update: Interim Guidance for Preconception Counseling and Prevention of Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus for Persons with Possible Zika Virus Exposure — United States, September 2016" 1058:(PAHO) as well as the WHO have issued statements of concern about the widespread public health impact of the Zika virus and its links to GBS and microcephaly. The WHO Director-General, 7745:"Increase in Reported Prevalence of Microcephaly in Infants Born to Women Living in Areas with Confirmed Zika Virus Transmission During the First Trimester of Pregnancy – Brazil, 2015" 6800: 3717:
Petersen, Emily E.; Meaney-Delman, Dana; Neblett-Fanfair, Robyn; Havers, Fiona; Oduyebo, Titilope; Hills, Susan L.; Rabe, Ingrid B.; Lambert, Amy; Abercrombie, Julia (1 January 2016).
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Oster, Alexandra M.; Russell, Kate; Stryker, Jo Ellen; Friedman, Allison; Kachur, Rachel E.; Petersen, Emily E.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Cohn, Amanda C.; Brooks, John T. (1 April 2016).
648:, regardless of whether they were ill. To date there have been no reported sexual transmissions from women to their sexual partners. Oral, anal or vaginal sex can spread the disease. 1155:
as these have been associated with hemorrhagic syndrome when used for other flaviviruses. Additionally, aspirin use is generally avoided in children when possible due to the risk of
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Sikka, Veronica; Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Popli, Raaj K.; Galwankar, Sagar C.; Kelkar, Dhanashree; Sawicki, Stanley G.; Stawicki, Stanislaw P.; Papadimos, Thomas J. (11 February 2016).
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There is currently no specific treatment for Zika virus infection. Care is supportive with treatment of pain, fever, and itching. Some authorities have recommended against using
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Russell, Kate; Oliver, Sara E.; Lewis, Lillianne; Barfield, Wanda D.; Cragan, Janet; Meaney-Delman, Dana; Staples, J. Erin; Fischer, Marc; Peacock, Georgina (1 January 2016).
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breastfed for six months and have timely introduction of adequate, safe and properly fed complementary foods, while continuing breastfeeding up to two years of age or beyond.
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is not yet known, but is probably a few days to a week. The disease lasts for several days to a week and is usually mild enough that people do not have to go to a hospital.
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is still recommended by the WHO, even by women who have had Zika fever. There have been no recorded cases of Zika transmission to infants through breastfeeding, though the
7503: 6873: 2305: 1351:. The mosquito and dengue fever have been detected in Chile's Easter Island, some 3,500 km (2,200 mi) away from its closest point in mainland Chile, since 2002. 6636: 6571: 7399: 5551: 8249: 7569: 6423:
Likos, Anna; Griffin, Isabel; Bingham, Andrea M.; Stanek, Danielle; Fischer, Marc; White, Stephen; Hamilton, Janet; Eisenstein, Leah; Atrubin, David (1 January 2016).
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of the fetal brain, known as neural progenitor cells. The main roles of brain stem cells are to proliferate until the correct number is achieved, and then to produce
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Brooks, Richard B.; Carlos, Maria Paz; Myers, Robert A.; White, Mary Grace; Bobo-Lenoci, Tanya; Aplan, Debra; Blythe, David; Feldman, Katherine A. (1 January 2016).
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Maurer-Stroh, Sebastian; Mak, Tze-Minn; Ng, Yi-Kai; Phuah, Shiau-Pheng; Huber, Roland G; Marzinek, Jan K; Holdbrook, Daniel A; Lee, Raphael TC; Cui, Lin (2016).
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Because Zika virus can be sexually transmitted, men who have gone to an area where Zika fever is occurring should be counseled to either abstain from sex or use
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in Brazil, genetic analysis revealed that the strains were more closely related to strains from Thailand than from those causing the epidemic in the Americas.
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Collao, X.; Prado, L.; GonzĂĄlez, C.; et al. (February 2015). "Detection of flavivirus in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from Easter Island-Chile".
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Prevention involves decreasing mosquito bites in areas where the disease occurs and proper use of condoms. Efforts to prevent bites include the use of
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In response to the widespread transmission of Zika virus during the 2016 outbreak and concerns of viral genetic material detected in breast milk the
8676: 7969: 5520: 9816: 8304: 5308: 5253: 3316: 1577:, research was begun to better understand how Zika virus causes microcephaly and other neurological disorders. However, with the 2019 election of 1438: 1355: 394: 6502: 4518:"Update: Interim Guidance for the Evaluation and Management of Infants with Possible Congenital Zika Virus Infection — United States, August 2016" 4967: 3907:"Update: Interim Guidance for Health Care Providers Caring for Women of Reproductive Age with Possible Zika Virus Exposure — United States, 2016" 3473: 2014: 1223:
illness. As of July 2019, evidence of local transmission from mosquitoes to humans has been reported in a total of 87 countries from four of six
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Genetic analyses of Zika virus strains suggest that Zika first entered the Americas between May and December 2013. It was first detected in the
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On 24 January 2016, the WHO warned that the virus is likely to spread to nearly all countries of the Americas, since its vector, the mosquito
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Disease control in the affected countries currently centres around mosquito control. Several approaches are available for the management of
6401: 1441:(PHEIC). On 8 March 2016, the WHO Committee reconfirmed that the association between Zika and neurological disorders is of global concern. 920:
The virus is spread by mosquitoes, making mosquito avoidance an important element to disease control. The CDC recommends that individuals:
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The virus that causes the disease was first isolated in Africa in 1947. The first documented outbreak among people occurred in 2007 in the
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in most areas of Asia, though at a low level. While there was a sharp rise in the number of cases of Zika detected in Singapore after the
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Sapkal, Gajanan N.; Yadav, Pragya D.; Vegad, Mahendra M.; Viswanathan, Rajlakshmi; Gupta, Nivedita; Mourya, Devendra T. (1 March 2018).
5878: 6965: 6866:"WHO Director-General summarizes the outcome of the Emergency Committee regarding clusters of microcephaly and Guillain–BarrĂ© syndrome" 2298:"WHO Director-General summarizes the outcome of the Emergency Committee regarding clusters of microcephaly and Guillain–BarrĂ© syndrome" 697: 7430: 6772: 7464: 4429: 3578:"Transmission of Zika Virus Through Sexual Contact with Travelers to Areas of Ongoing Transmission — Continental United States, 2016" 8218: 1486:
had confirmed 134 cases of microcephaly "believed to be associated with Zika virus infection" with an additional 2,165 cases in 549
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In 2016 imported or locally transmitted Zika was reported in all the countries of Asia except Brunei, Hong Kong, Myanmar and Nepal.
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Most of South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela
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A systematic review of the literature was performed, showing 51 reported deaths associated with ZIKV infection in nine countries.
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Several Pacific Islands: American Samoa, Fiji, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, and Tonga
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Kleber de Oliveira, Wanderson; Cortez-Escalante, Juan; De Oliveira, Wanessa TenĂłrio Gonçalves Holanda; et al. (2016).
2940:"Ocular findings in infants with microcephaly associated with presumed zika virus congenital infection in salvador, brazil" 1242: 1236: 859: 4117: 1611: have been associated with inherited gene mutations, and specifically with mutations that lead to dysfunction of the 9434: 6524:
Zammarchi, L; Tappe, D; Fortuna, C; Remoli, M; GĂŒnther, S; Venturi, G; Bartoloni, A; Schmidt-Chanasit, J (11 June 2015).
5124: 2391: 1152: 7530: 6597: 5151: 3162:"Risk estimates for microcephaly related to Zika virus infection – from French Polynesia to Bahia, Brazil". 2 May 2016. 1027:
Martin, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sint Eustatius, Sint Maarten, Trinidad and Tobago, and the U.S. Virgin Islands
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there were 42 reported cases of GBS over a 3-month period, compared to between 3 and 10 annually prior to the outbreak.
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consider putting off pregnancy and that pregnant women not travel to these areas. While there is no specific treatment,
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It is difficult to diagnose Zika virus infection based on clinical signs and symptoms alone due to overlaps with other
8271: 6370: 6041: 5086: 4771: 956:
Follow package directions when applying repellent on children. Avoid applying repellent to their hands, eyes, or mouth
9309: 6929: 6906: 5986:"Clinico-epidemiological and genomic profile of first Zika Virus outbreak in India at Jaipur city of Rajasthan state" 2171: 513:, where there is abnormal accumulation of fluid in the fetus. These abnormalities can lead to intellectual problems, 413:
Most people who are infected have no or few symptoms. Otherwise the most common signs and symptoms of Zika fever are
3103:
Boeuf, Phillipe; Drummer, Heidi E.; Richards, Jack S.; Scoullar, Michelle J. L.; Beeson, James G. (1 January 2016).
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that chickenpox and rubella vaccinations or genetically modified mosquitoes were causing increases in microcephaly.
314:. Symptoms generally last less than seven days. It has not caused any reported deaths during the initial infection. 9821: 9661: 9194: 9189: 8987: 1067: 1055: 944: 498: 469:. Several countries affected by Zika outbreaks have reported increases in the rate of new cases of GBS. During the 8123: 5600: 3186:"Congenital Zika virus syndrome in Brazil: A case series of the first 1501 livebirths with complete investigation" 8026:"Detection and sequencing of Zika virus from amniotic fluid of fetuses with microcephaly in Brazil: a case study" 2771:"Guillain–BarrĂ© Syndrome outbreak associated with Zika virus infection in French Polynesia: a case-control study" 1574: 1299: 882:. Some tests should be repeated up to 6 months later as there can be delayed effects, particularly with hearing. 386: 6969: 6109:
Baden, Lindsey R.; Petersen, Lyle R.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Powers, Ann M.; Honein, Margaret A. (30 March 2016).
2335: 2203: 10642: 10284: 9596: 2478: 382: 340: 315: 185: 6425:"Local Mosquito-Borne Transmission of Zika Virus — Miami-Dade and Broward Counties, Florida, June–August 2016" 4860: 4832: 4325: 1557: 1363: 1172: 564:
species remains unknown, though serological evidence has been found in both West African monkeys and rodents.
462: 323: 154: 9853: 9493: 9092: 3350:
Grard, G; Caron, M; Mombo, I M; Nkoghe, D; Ondo, S M; Jiolle, D; Fontenille, D; Paupy, C; Leroy, E M (2014).
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Because of the "growing evidence of a link between Zika and microcephaly", in January 2016, the CDC issued a
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The CDC also recommends strategies for controlling mosquitoes such as eliminating standing water, repairing
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Zika virus disease, the CDC recommends testing with both serologic and molecular assays such as RT-PCR, IgM
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Barzon, Luisa; Trevisan, Marta; Sinigaglia, Alessandro; Lavezzo, Enrico; PalĂč, Giorgio (1 September 2016).
4056: 4051: 3105:"The global threat of Zika virus to pregnancy: epidemiology, clinical perspectives, mechanisms, and impact" 2714:"Human Schwann cells are susceptible to infection with Zika and yellow fever viruses, but not dengue virus" 875: 818: 6578:(in Portuguese). Centro de OperaçÔes de EmergĂȘncias em SaĂșde PĂșblica sobre Microcefalias. 12 December 2015 10579: 10533: 9774: 9769: 9757: 9299: 9182: 4373:"Genetic and Serologic Properties of Zika Virus Associated with an Epidemic, Yap State, Micronesia, 2007" 1483: 8376: 5792:"Zika virus : A report on three cases of human infection during an epidemic of jaundice in Nigeria" 3328: 9863: 9781: 9762: 9128: 8963: 4959: 2006: 1171:
Most of the time, Zika fever resolves on its own in two to seven days, but rarely, some people develop
5212:
J., Thomas, Stephen; Maïna, L’Azou; D.T., Barrett, Alan; A.C., Jackson, Nicholas (28 September 2016).
1211:
to Zika in healthy people in India which could indicate past exposure, though it could also be due to
10621: 10268: 9986: 9449: 9341: 6869: 6725:"Association between Zika virus and microcephaly in French Polynesia, 2013–15: a retrospective study" 3477: 1668: 1434: 891: 795: 753: 390: 5034:"Neurological syndrome, congenital malformations, and Zika virus infection – Epidemiological Update" 3670:"Likely Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus from a Man with No Symptoms of Infection — Maryland, 2016" 2074:"Update: Interim Guidance for Prevention of Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus — United States, 2016" 10317: 10065: 10008: 9886: 9681: 9206: 8900: 7465:"Zika–Microcephaly Link: Public health officials are not yet ready to say the connection is causal" 3551: 2998:"Zika Virus Infection and Stillbirths: A Case of Hydrops Fetalis, Hydranencephaly and Fetal Demise" 1660: 4743: 1540:
Researchers also suspected that Zika virus could be transmitted by a pregnant woman to her baby ("
10334: 10169: 9831: 9826: 9731: 9526: 9512: 9488: 9430: 9240: 9124: 8969: 6661:[The country has recorded 1,248 cases of microcephaly and seven deaths; most are in PE]. 6385: 4685: 940: 149: 8879: 5267:
D., Marston, Hilary; Nicole, Lurie; L., Borio, Luciana; S., Fauci, Anthony (28 September 2016).
4802: 4194: 10382: 9516: 9484: 9460: 9295: 9173: 9097: 9072: 9058: 9037: 4933: 1196: 953:
If you are also using sunscreen, apply sunscreen first, let it dry, then apply insect repellent
780: 713: 684:, which can disrupt brain growth by hijacking a pathway which regulates growth of new neurons. 652: 550: 209: 8940: 3504:"Interim Guidelines for Prevention of Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus — United States, 2016" 2037: 10528: 10407: 10346: 10322: 9949: 9858: 9836: 9500: 9409: 9177: 8979: 7358: 6845: 5842: 5302: 5247: 4568:"Heterogeneous development of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome-associated microcephaly" 1541: 1495:(SDs) in cases of microcephaly compared with 2000–14, with the northeastern states of Bahia, 1187: 992:
for 6 months after travel if their partner is pregnant or could potentially become pregnant.
557: 31: 2831:
Brasil, PatrĂ­cia; Pereira, Jose P. Jr.; Raja Gabaglia, Claudia; et al. (4 March 2016).
2357: 1304: 1030:
Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama
10521: 10487: 10377: 10261: 10001: 9996: 9375: 8715: 8158: 7684: 7682: 6287: 4579: 3163: 2725: 2235:"Genetic Characterization of Zika Virus Strains: Geographic Expansion of the Asian Lineage" 2112: 1487: 1384: 879: 768: 741: 737: 733: 592: 17: 8210: 7138: 5663:"Interim Guidelines for Pregnant Women During a Zika Virus Outbreak — United States, 2016" 1286:. The source of the virus was thought to be an independent introduction of the virus from 8: 10652: 10329: 10313: 10306: 9922: 9791: 9586: 8889: 7649: 7123:"South-east Asian Zika virus strain linked to cluster of cases in Singapore, August 2016" 6600:[Government confirms relationship between zika virus and epidemic microcephaly]. 6545: 1950:
Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Honein, Margaret A.; Petersen, Lyle R. (2016).
1473: 1224: 1204: 1088:(NIH), but officials stated that development of a vaccine could take years. To speed new 863: 851: 749: 636: 628: 598: 10253: 9937: 8719: 8162: 7941:"Report says Monsanto-linked pesticide is to blame for microcephaly outbreak – not Zika" 7679: 7591:
Heymann, David L; Hodgson, Abraham; Sall, Amadou Alpha; et al. (20 February 2016).
6984: 6291: 4583: 4052:"FDA advises testing for Zika virus in all donated blood and blood components in the US" 3906: 3352:"Zika Virus in Gabon (Central Africa) – 2007: A New Threat from Aedes albopictus ?" 2729: 969:
Cover cribs, strollers and carriers with mosquito netting for babies under 2 months old.
10370: 10358: 10134: 9261: 8736: 8699: 8652: 8627: 8603: 8576: 8552: 8519: 8495: 8470: 8192: 7974: 7798: 7722: 7621: 7592: 7371: 7338: 7265: 7230: 7206: 7171: 7147: 7122: 6749: 6724: 6316: 6275: 6250: 6223: 6023: 5767: 5734: 5636: 5456: 5421: 4610: 4567: 4405: 4372: 4261: 4228: 4176: 4077:"Zika virus-associated Guillain–BarrĂ© syndrome: a warning for critical care physicians" 4028: 4003: 3621:"Zika virus: high infectious viral load in semen, a new sexually transmitted pathogen?" 3445: 3411:"Aedes ( Stegomyia ) albopictus (Skuse): A Potential Vector of Zika Virus in Singapore" 3410: 3386: 3351: 3262: 3237: 3139: 3104: 3032: 2997: 2972: 2939: 2915: 2890: 2865: 2832: 2803: 2770: 2746: 2713: 2668: 2614: 2581: 2557: 2522: 2447: 2414: 2269: 2234: 2145: 1492: 1437:
declared recently reported clusters of microcephaly and other neurological disorders a
1376: 1313: 1079: 839: 378:(acetaminophen) may help with the symptoms. Admission to hospital is rarely necessary. 322:
and other brain malformations in some babies. Infections in adults have been linked to
311: 294:. Most cases have no symptoms, but when present they are usually mild and can resemble 141: 124: 8894: 8042: 7835: 7818: 7702: 7611: 6740: 6697:. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. 10 December 2015. Archived from 5599:
Fulginiti, Vincent A.; Brunell, Philip A.; Cherry, James D.; et al. (June 1982).
5497: 5480: 5125:"IHR Procedures concerning public health emergencies of international concern (PHEIC)" 3979: 3962: 3637: 3620: 3577: 3202: 3185: 2786: 2521:
Sikka, Veronica; Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Popli, Raaj K.; et al. (11 February 2016).
1740: 1464:
In November 2015, the Zika virus was isolated in a newborn baby from the northeastern
366:, and getting rid of standing water where mosquitoes reproduce. There is no effective 10509: 10214: 9991: 9334: 9148: 8911: 8864: 8741: 8698:
Aliota, Matthew T.; Peinado, Stephen A.; Velez, Ivan Dario; Osorio, Jorge E. (2016).
8657: 8608: 8577:"The mitotic spindle: linking teratogenic effects of Zika virus with human genetics?" 8557: 8539: 8500: 8451: 8443: 8384: 8357: 8184: 8176: 8104: 8096: 8055: 8047: 8024:
Calvet, Guilherme; Aguiar, Renato S; Melo, Adriana S O; et al. (February 2016).
7840: 7774: 7766: 7742: 7714: 7706: 7626: 7311: 7270: 7252: 7211: 7193: 7152: 7103: 7095: 7054: 6833: 6754: 6550: 6454: 6446: 6393: 6362: 6321: 6303: 6255: 6204: 6132: 6087: 6083: 6027: 6015: 6007: 5965: 5957: 5918: 5870: 5862: 5858: 5819: 5811: 5807: 5772: 5754: 5692: 5684: 5628: 5620: 5502: 5461: 5443: 5402: 5394: 5353: 5345: 5290: 5235: 5094: 5011: 4981: 4656: 4615: 4597: 4547: 4539: 4487: 4479: 4410: 4392: 4353: 4345: 4306: 4266: 4248: 4168: 4098: 4033: 3984: 3936: 3928: 3884: 3829: 3821: 3748: 3740: 3699: 3691: 3650: 3642: 3597: 3533: 3525: 3450: 3432: 3391: 3373: 3292: 3267: 3207: 3144: 3126: 3085: 3037: 3019: 2977: 2959: 2955: 2920: 2870: 2852: 2808: 2790: 2751: 2660: 2619: 2601: 2562: 2544: 2452: 2434: 2274: 2256: 2149: 2137: 2095: 2043: 1981: 1973: 1874: 1828: 1820: 1604:
for cells of the developing eye, leading to high rates of eye abnormalities as well.
1582: 1534: 1345: 1063: 997: 664: 561: 442: 344: 192: 112: 8905: 7726: 7689:
Triunfol, Marcia (2016). "A new mosquito-borne threat to pregnant women in Brazil".
6828: 6505:[Ministry of Health confirms 8 cases of zika virus in infants and 8 in BA]. 6067: 5791: 5710: 5640: 4713: 2672: 645: 9942: 9927: 9557: 9368: 9363: 8731: 8723: 8647: 8639: 8598: 8588: 8547: 8531: 8490: 8482: 8433: 8347: 8196: 8166: 8086: 8037: 7830: 7756: 7698: 7616: 7606: 7301: 7260: 7242: 7201: 7183: 7142: 7134: 7085: 7044: 6823: 6744: 6736: 6540: 6436: 6352: 6311: 6295: 6245: 6235: 6194: 6122: 6079: 5997: 5949: 5908: 5897:"Neutralizing antibodies against certain viruses in the sera of residents of India" 5854: 5803: 5762: 5746: 5674: 5612: 5492: 5451: 5433: 5384: 5335: 5280: 5225: 4646: 4605: 4587: 4529: 4471: 4400: 4384: 4337: 4296: 4256: 4240: 4180: 4158: 4088: 4023: 4015: 3974: 3918: 3874: 3811: 3730: 3681: 3632: 3589: 3515: 3440: 3422: 3381: 3363: 3257: 3249: 3197: 3134: 3116: 3075: 3027: 3009: 2967: 2951: 2938:
de Paula Freitas B; de Oliveira Dias J; Prazeres J; et al. (9 February 2016).
2910: 2902: 2860: 2844: 2798: 2782: 2741: 2733: 2650: 2609: 2593: 2552: 2534: 2442: 2426: 2264: 2246: 2127: 2085: 1963: 1864: 1810: 1615:. There is some evidence that Zika virus may directly or indirectly interfere with 1465: 1271: 1212: 1089: 835: 810: 806: 776: 745: 604: 522: 359: 81: 7858: 5481:"Zika virus outbreak in the Americas: the need for novel mosquito control methods" 5182: 3961:
Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Myrielle; Biron, Antoine; O'Connor, Olivia; et al. (2016).
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Basarab, Marina; Bowman, Conor; Aarons, Emma J; Cropley, Ian (26 February 2016).
6901: 6526:"Zika virus infection in a traveller returning to Europe from Brazil, March 2015" 6240: 5717: 5529: 5438: 4592: 3427: 3368: 3286: 3080: 3063: 3014: 2251: 1627: 1612: 1457: 871: 814: 586: 556:
closely related to the dengue and yellow fever viruses. While mosquitoes are the
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The wMel strain of Wolbachia Reduces Transmission of Zika virus by Aedes aegypti
7645:"Brazil may have fewer Zika-related microcephaly cases than previously reported" 6222:
Faye, Oumar; Freire, Caio C. M.; Iamarino, Atila; et al. (9 January 2014).
4004:"Blood safety and zoonotic emerging pathogens: now it's the turn of Zika virus!" 3619:
Mansuy, Jean Michel; Dutertre, Marine; Mengelle, Catherine; et al. (2016).
3552:"CDC encourages following guidance to prevent sexual transmission of Zika virus" 1084:
As of 2016 there was no available vaccine. Development was a priority of the US
481: 10402: 9846: 9534: 9505: 8916: 8242:"Two Studies Strengthen Links Between the Zika Virus and Serious Birth Defects" 7887: 7562:"Two Studies Strengthen Links Between the Zika Virus and Serious Birth Defects" 7049: 7032: 6002: 5985: 5953: 5938:"First laboratory confirmation on the existence of Zika virus disease in India" 5661:
Petersen, Emily E.; Staples, J. Erin; Meaney-Delman, Dana; et al. (2016).
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Petersen, Emily E.; Polen, Kara N.D.; Meaney-Delman, Dana; et al. (2016).
3859: 2833:"Zika Virus Infection in Pregnant Women in Rio de Janeiro – Preliminary Report" 2737: 2639:"Zika Getting on Your Nerves? The Association with the Guillain–BarrĂ© Syndrome" 2383: 2132: 2115: 1696: 1578: 1529: 1453: 1287: 1252: 622: 616: 610: 422: 303: 133: 9901: 8593: 8518:
Merfeld, Emily; Ben-Avi, Lily; Kennon, Mason; Cerveny, Kara L. (1 July 2017).
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Li, Hongda; Saucedo-Cuevas, Laura; Shresta, Sujan; Gleeson, Joseph G. (2016).
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in early 2020, most Zika-related research projects were abandoned or reduced.
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Cover exposed skin by wearing long-sleeved shirts and long pants treated with
59: 10636: 10475: 10470: 10193: 10103: 10051: 9972: 9954: 9876: 9796: 9672: 9654: 9566: 9356: 9013: 8543: 8447: 8388: 8180: 8100: 8051: 7770: 7710: 7400:"Zika: More than 2,500 babies born with microcephaly in Brazil, WHO predicts" 7256: 7247: 7197: 7099: 7074:"Molecular evolution of Zika virus as it crossed the Pacific to the Americas" 6450: 6397: 6307: 6011: 5961: 5866: 5815: 5758: 5688: 5624: 5447: 5398: 5349: 5098: 4601: 4543: 4483: 4475: 4396: 4349: 4252: 3932: 3860:"Zika virus: a previously slow pandemic spreads rapidly through the Americas" 3825: 3744: 3695: 3646: 3601: 3593: 3529: 3502:
Oster, Alexandra M.; Brooks, John T.; Stryker, Jo Ellen; et al. (2016).
3436: 3377: 3130: 3023: 2963: 2856: 2794: 2605: 2548: 2539: 2438: 2260: 1977: 1824: 1445:
went unreported before the recent awareness of the risk of virus infections.
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in 2015, and spread to the Americas, Pacific, Asia, and Africa. This led the
363: 226: 6299: 6224:"Molecular Evolution of Zika Virus during Its Emergence in the 20th Century" 5522:
Oxitec's solution for controlling the dengue mosquito is approved by CTNBio.
5340: 5323: 4686:"Guideline: infant feeding in areas of Zika virus transmission, 2nd edition" 4371:
Lanciotti, Robert S.; Kosoy, Olga L.; Laven, Janeen J.; et al. (2008).
2769:
Cao-Lormeau, Van-Mai; Blake, Alexandre; Mons, Sandrine; et al. (2016).
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by nuclear radiation in the hope to reduce populations; this is done with a
10593: 10559: 10495: 10207: 10033: 9807: 9622: 9541: 9475: 9464: 9421: 9256: 9249: 9244: 9199: 9164: 9107: 9049: 8745: 8661: 8612: 8561: 8504: 8455: 8438: 8421: 8361: 8188: 8108: 8059: 7910: 7844: 7778: 7761: 7744: 7718: 7630: 7315: 7274: 7215: 7156: 7107: 7058: 6997: 6896: 6837: 6777: 6758: 6554: 6458: 6441: 6424: 6366: 6340: 6325: 6259: 6208: 6136: 6019: 5969: 5922: 5874: 5823: 5776: 5696: 5679: 5662: 5506: 5465: 5406: 5357: 5294: 5239: 4833:"Help Control Mosquitoes that Spread Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika Viruses" 4660: 4651: 4634: 4619: 4551: 4534: 4517: 4491: 4414: 4388: 4357: 4310: 4301: 4284: 4270: 4172: 4102: 4037: 3988: 3940: 3923: 3888: 3833: 3752: 3735: 3718: 3703: 3686: 3669: 3654: 3537: 3520: 3503: 3454: 3395: 3271: 3253: 3211: 3148: 3089: 3041: 2981: 2924: 2874: 2812: 2755: 2664: 2623: 2597: 2566: 2456: 2430: 2278: 2141: 2099: 2090: 2073: 1985: 1878: 1832: 1623: 1608: 1597: 1525: 1422: 1359: 1283: 1200: 1176: 1012: 963: 660: 502: 485: 405: 319: 295: 252: 158: 8091: 8074: 7953:
But let's be clear – there is no scientific evidence to support that link.
6199: 6182: 6127: 6110: 6091: 5632: 5616: 3716: 2906: 2848: 2686: 1968: 1951: 10598: 10504: 10480: 10038: 10028: 9932: 9913: 9740: 9735: 9631: 9610: 9395: 9329: 9286: 9216: 9138: 9062: 9017: 8935: 8643: 8413: 8377:"The Forgotten Virus: Zika Families and Researchers Struggle for Support" 8334:
Faizan, MI; Abdullah, M; Ali, S; Naqvi, IH; Ahmed, A; Parveen, S (2016).
7863: 7810: 6341:"Zika virus spreads across Americas as concerns mount over birth defects" 5750: 5389: 5372: 5285: 5268: 5230: 5213: 5038:
Epidemiological Alerts and Updates CHA.01.04b Epidemic Alert and Response
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have been normal in most patients. A few have been reported to have mild
729: 438: 375: 214: 8847: 8704:
strain of Wolbachia Reduces Transmission of Zika virus by Aedes aegypti"
7919:"Scientists debunk theory linking pesticide, not Zika, to birth defects" 7738: 7736: 6659:"País registra 1.248 casos de microcefalia e sete mortes; maioria em PE" 6276:"Zika virus in the Americas: Early epidemiological and genetic findings" 5575:"How a tiny mosquito became one of the world's 'most efficient killers'" 4772:"DEET Seen as Safe for Pregnant Women to Avoid Zika Despite Few Studies" 4285:"Interim Guidance for Zika Virus Testing of Urine – United States, 2016" 1920:. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. 3 September 2010. 1799:"Ideas and Opinions. Zika Virus: Rapid Spread in the Western Hemisphere" 10617: 10574: 10545: 10427: 10419: 10225: 10155: 10125: 10075: 9959: 9841: 9722: 9577: 9455: 9386: 9117: 8417: 8305:"WHO: Zika virus 'implicated' in large numbers of brain-damaged babies" 8073:
Mlakar, Jernej; Korva, Misa; Tul, NataĆĄa; et al. (10 March 2016).
7819:"Zika virus in Brazil and macular atrophy in a child with microcephaly" 7597: 7334:"Alarm Spreads in Brazil Over a Virus and a Surge in Malformed Infants" 5420:
Poland, Gregory A.; Ovsyannikova, Inna G.; Kennedy, Richard B. (2019).
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Hills, Susan L.; Russell, Kate; Hennessey, Morgan; et al. (2016).
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from infected men to their partners. Zika virus has been isolated from
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scarring. Less commonly there have been systemic abnormalities such as
430: 352: 330: 307: 291: 240: 202: 181: 177: 137: 8727: 8471:"Evolution of the neocortex: a perspective from developmental biology" 8352: 8336:"Zika Virus-Induced Microcephaly and Its Possible Molecular Mechanism" 8335: 8003:"Zika virus: Brazil dismisses link between larvicide and microcephaly" 7933: 7496:"Proof of Zika's Role in Birth Defects Still Months Away, W.H.O. Says" 7306: 7289: 7090: 7073: 6961: 6598:"Governo confirma relação entre zika vírus e epidemia de microcefalia" 6357: 4792:
DEET Seen as Safe for Pregnant Women to Avoid Zika Despite Few Studies
3797: 3182: 2172:"Zika Virus Microcephaly And Guillain–BarrĂ© Syndrome Situation Report" 1496: 10612: 10341: 10301: 10234: 9026: 8535: 7794:"Hawaii Baby With Brain Damage Is First U.S. Case Tied to Zika Virus" 7733: 5720:
Page last reviewed: August 9, 2016; Page last updated: August 9, 2016
2582:"Probable Non–Vector-borne Transmission of Zika Virus, Colorado, USA" 2470: 2233:
Olson, Ken E.; Haddow, Andrew D.; Schuh, Amy J.; et al. (2012).
1952:"Zika Virus and Birth Defects — Reviewing the Evidence for Causality" 1815: 1798: 1664: 1648:
helped to reduce the vector competence of the Zika virus in infected
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In December 2020, no active Zika outbreaks were reported by the CDC.
982: 936: 885: 693: 248: 8949: 8486: 6888: 6503:"MinistĂ©rio da SaĂșde confirma 8 casos de zika vĂ­rus no RN e 8 na BA" 4760:
Permethrin-treated clothing will protect you after multiple washings
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Heang, Vireak; Yasuda, Chadwick Y.; Sovann, Ly; et al. (2012).
1460:
about the Zika virus at the National Center for Disaster Management.
10450: 10394: 10365: 10293: 9010: 8808:"WHO backs trials of genetically modified mosquitoes to fight Zika" 7896:"Zika virus: Brazilian scientists decipher its genome, agency says" 7071: 6858: 6183:"Zika Virus Outbreak on Yap Island, Federated States of Micronesia" 5660: 4118:"How Maternal Zika Virus Infection Results In Newborn Microcephaly" 3904: 3168: 2830: 1644:
bacterium, believed to inhibit the spread of viruses. A strain of
1380: 1208: 1191:
Countries with active Zika virus transmission as of September 2016.
802: 546: 370:. Health officials recommended that women in areas affected by the 8976:. Lists general information and resources for White-Nose Syndrome. 6072:
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
5847:
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
5796:
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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Faye, Oumar; Faye, Ousmane; Dupressoir, Anne; et al. (2008).
2580:
Foy, Brian D.; Kobylinski, K.C.; Foy, J.L.C.; et al. (2011).
1581:
in Brazil, who cut funding for research, and the emergence of the
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as well as vaccines to flaviviruses are possible. As of 2019, the
10432: 10164: 10113: 10091: 2116:"Fatal Zika virus infection in the Americas: A systematic review" 1616: 1601: 1593: 1405: 1148: 791: 721: 717: 705: 514: 506: 426: 367: 230: 218: 8626:
Wang, A; Thurmond, S; Islas, L; Hui, K; Hai, R (22 March 2017).
8239: 6629:"Brazil confirms zica virus link to fetal brain-damage outbreak" 6473:"First Zika virus-related death reported in U.S. in Puerto Rico" 3558:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 23 February 2016. 2007:"CDC Concludes Zika Causes Microcephaly and Other Birth Defects" 10516: 10202: 9981: 9710: 9699: 8874: 8859: 8785:"IAEA Helps Brazil Step up the Fight Against 'Zika' Mosquitoes" 7584: 6954: 6773:"Zika Virus likely to spread throughout the Americas, says WHO" 5321: 4966:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 15 January 2016. 2689:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 8 February 2016. 2516: 2477:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 5 November 2014. 2390:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 5 November 2014. 1949: 1676: 1619:
function, this may play a role in altering cell proliferation.
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every three to four weeks to monitor fetal anatomy and growth.
787: 620:. During the 2007 outbreak on Yap Island in the South Pacific, 434: 222: 9009: 8240:
McNeil, Donald G. Jr.; Saint Louis, Catherine (4 March 2016).
7785: 7560:
McNeil, Donald G. Jr.; Saint Louis, Catherine (4 March 2016).
7367:"Zika Virus May be Linked to Surge in Rare Syndrome in Brazil" 3618: 3061: 2514: 2512: 2510: 2508: 2506: 2504: 2502: 2500: 2498: 2496: 90: 10442: 7593:"Zika virus and microcephaly: why is this situation a PHEIC?" 5085:
Tavernise, Sabrina; McNeil, Donald G. Jr. (1 February 2016).
4817:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 10 March 2016. 3768:"Zika Virus Can be Transmitted Through Anal Sex, C.D.C. Says" 3575: 2637:
Frontera, Jennifer A.; Silva, Ivan R.F. da (5 October 2016).
1348: 966:
if the area where you are sleeping is exposed to the outdoors
855: 640: 574: 414: 335: 299: 129: 8264: 7970:"Conspiracy Theories About Zika Spread Along With the Virus" 7851: 6384:
McNeil, Donald G. Jr.; Fernandez, Manny (28 November 2016).
6181:
Duffy, M.R.; Chen, T.H.; Hancock, W.T.; et al. (2009).
5895:
Smithburn, K. C.; Kerr, J. A.; Gatne, P. B. (1 April 1954).
5373:"DNA vaccines against Zika virus speed into clinical trials" 4936:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 4 March 2016. 4460: 4227:
Waggoner, Jesse J.; Pinsky, Benjamin A. (17 February 2016).
3956: 3954: 3102: 2994: 2887: 1690: 9273: 8517: 8211:"Zika: Panama has 'first microcephaly case outside Brazil'" 6523: 6108: 5935: 5598: 4842:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. August 2015. 4147:"Zika Virus in the Americas – Yet Another Arbovirus Threat" 3788:
Zika Virus Can Be Transmitted Through Anal Sex, C.D.C. Says
2768: 2493: 2071: 1507: 932: 681: 433:, and headache, which are similar to signs and symptoms of 418: 244: 96: 8233: 7816: 7590: 7287: 7031:
Duong, Veasna; Dussart, Philippe; Buchy, Philippe (2017).
6813: 6797:"PAHO Statement on Zika Virus Transmission and Prevention" 6722: 4515: 4323: 2891:"Zika Virus Infection in Pregnant Women in Rio de Janeiro" 1415: 1227:; African, Americas, South-East Asia and Western Pacific. 821:
has authorized two tests to detect Zika virus antibodies.
572:
Transmission is via the bite of mosquitoes from the genus
10455: 10283: 7228: 6993:"Rapid spread of Zika virus in the Americas raises alarm" 6934: 6422: 6068:"Zika virus, a cause of fever in Central Java, Indonesia" 5419: 4229:"Zika Virus: Diagnostics for an Emerging Pandemic Threat" 3951: 2520: 1853:"Rapid spread of emerging Zika virus in the Pacific area" 1270:
In 2013–2014, several outbreaks of Zika were reported in
1246: 790:(RT-PCR) in acutely ill patients. However, the period of 461:
Zika virus infections have been strongly associated with
348: 198: 8697: 7365:
Romero, Simon; McNeil, Donald G. Jr. (21 January 2016).
7172:"The inevitable colonisation of Singapore by Zika virus" 6921: 6272: 5982: 4370: 4145:
Fauci, Anthony S.; Morens, David M. (18 February 2016).
3501: 2579: 2166: 2164: 2162: 1524:
that microcephaly is caused by the use of the larvicide
1515:
scarring of the retina with spots, or pigment alteration
950:
Always follow product directions and reapply as directed
676:
In fruit flies microcephaly appears to be caused by the
8574: 8296: 8023: 6386:"Local Transmission of Zika Virus Is Reported in Texas" 5214:"Fast-Track Zika Vaccine Development — Is It Possible?" 4632: 2412: 2204:"Brazil warns against pregnancy due to spreading virus" 1019:
In September 2016, the CDC travel advisories included:
8628:"Zika virus genome biology and molecular pathogenesis" 8524:
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology
8333: 8147:"First Zika-linked birth defects detected in Colombia" 7120: 6897:"Zika-linked condition: WHO declares global emergency" 6221: 6180: 5413: 4456: 4454: 4452: 4450: 3667: 2232: 1850: 1340:, is found in all countries in the region, except for 959:
Stay and sleep in screened-in or air-conditioned rooms
8422:"Pathogenesis and Molecular Mechanisms of Zika Virus" 8072: 6799:. Pan American Health Organization. 24 January 2016. 6574:[Monitoring cases of microcephaly in Brazil] 5183:"U.S. Launches 'Full-court Press' for a Zika Vaccine" 5040:. Pan American Health Organization. 17 January 2016. 4222: 4220: 3349: 2159: 93: 87: 8837: 8677:"The Best Weapon for Fighting Zika? More Mosquitoes" 8625: 6572:"Monitoramento dos casos de microcefalias no Brasil" 5269:"Considerations for Developing a Zika Virus Vaccine" 5180: 3900: 3898: 2826: 2824: 2822: 2762: 2711: 2384:"Symptoms, Diagnosis, & Treatment of Zika Virus" 1851:
Musso, D.; Nilles, E.J.; Cao-Lormeau, V.-M. (2014).
1686: 1429:
the mechanism by which Zika produced these effects.
1241:
The first major outbreak, with 185 confirmed cases,
584:
in tropical regions. It has also been isolated from
8411: 8375:Nolen, Stephanie; Galdieri, Dado (16 August 2022). 5654: 5087:"Zika Virus a Global Health Emergency, W.H.O. Says" 4982:"Zika Travel Information | Travelers' Health | CDC" 4825: 4795: 4744:"Zika Virus – Protect Yourself from Mosquito Bites" 4447: 3995: 3571: 3569: 3409:Wong, PJ; Li, M I; Chong, C; Ng, L; Tan, C (2013). 1308:
Areas of active Zika virus transmission, April 2016
1195:In April 1947, as part of studies sponsored by the 84: 8520:"Potential mechanisms of Zika-linked microcephaly" 7525: 7523: 7521: 7487: 7428: 5894: 5324:"Zika virus: from pathogenesis to disease control" 4364: 4217: 4140: 4138: 3612: 3497: 3495: 2712:Dhiman, Gaurav.; Abraham, R.; Griffin, D. (2019). 1482:medical journal reported in January 2016 that the 886:Infant feeding in areas of Zika virus transmission 8017: 7559: 7422: 7030: 6894: 6850:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 ( 5149: 4626: 3895: 3858:Gatherer, Derek; Kohl, Alain (18 December 2015). 3327:. Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit. Archived from 2819: 1421:very large surge of reports of infants born with 977:and using screens on doors and windows. Spraying 907:recommendation, very- low certainty of evidence). 10634: 8972:, National Invasive Species Information Center, 8066: 7391: 7170:Fisher, Dale; Cutter, Jeffery (1 January 2016). 6927: 6566: 6564: 4868:Institutional Repository for Information Sharing 3566: 1439:Public Health Emergency of International Concern 1356:Public Health Emergency of International Concern 1316:in February 2014, and rapidly spread throughout 443:time from a mosquito bite to developing symptoms 395:Public Health Emergency of International Concern 7963: 7961: 7817:Ventura, Camila V; et al. (January 2016). 7518: 7327: 7325: 6383: 6066:Olson, J. G.; Ksiazek, T. G. (1 January 1981). 5733:Musso, Didier; Gubler, Duane J. (1 July 2016). 5211: 5084: 4870:. 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The declaration was ended in November 2016. 632:spread the virus in French Polynesia in 2013. 501:and can cause multiple problems, most notably 53:Zika virus disease, Zika, Zika virus infection 10269: 8995: 8575:Bullerdiek, J; Dotzauer, A; Bauer, I (2016). 8374: 8302: 7994: 7869:International Society for Infectious Diseases 7458: 7456: 6930:"Zika virus sparks 'public health emergency'" 6561: 5783: 5056:"WHO Declares Zika a Public Health Emergency" 4928: 4926: 4326:"One-step RT-PCR for detection of Zika virus" 3408: 2636: 2035: 1679:to try to halt the spread of the Zika virus. 1412:, where the Zika virus was first identified. 355:after symptoms are present more than a week. 10648:Sexually transmitted diseases and infections 8277:. 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Jr. (19 February 2016). 7462: 7453: 6966:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 5422:"Zika Vaccine Development: Current Status" 4923: 1792: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1784: 1782: 698:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 696:that are endemic to similar areas. The US 456: 351:when the person is sick, or the blood for 197:Testing blood, urine, or saliva for viral 58: 8735: 8651: 8602: 8592: 8551: 8494: 8437: 8351: 8170: 8124:"Zika virus kills developing brain cells" 8090: 8075:"Zika Virus Associated with Microcephaly" 8041: 7834: 7792:McNeil Jr., Donald G. (16 January 2016). 7760: 7620: 7610: 7305: 7264: 7246: 7205: 7187: 7146: 7089: 7048: 6827: 6748: 6686: 6684: 6620: 6544: 6440: 6356: 6315: 6249: 6239: 6198: 6126: 6001: 5912: 5789: 5766: 5678: 5496: 5455: 5437: 5388: 5339: 5284: 5229: 4889: 4650: 4609: 4591: 4533: 4404: 4300: 4260: 4162: 4092: 4074: 4027: 3978: 3922: 3878: 3815: 3734: 3685: 3636: 3519: 3444: 3426: 3385: 3367: 3291:. 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Jr. (14 April 2016). 2292: 2290: 2288: 2056:from the original on 10 September 2017. 1906: 1904: 1902: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1894: 1892: 1890: 1888: 1416:Microcephaly and other infant disorders 663:it could potentially be transmitted by 14: 10635: 8782: 8407: 8405: 8013:from the original on 17 February 2016. 7967: 7929:from the original on 18 February 2016. 7906:from the original on 21 February 2016. 7894:Martinez, Michael (20 February 2016). 7806:from the original on 23 February 2017. 7669:"Brazil's Pre-Zika Microcephaly Cases" 7493: 7431:"Birth Defects Tied to Zika in Panama" 7331: 7026: 7024: 6681: 6626: 6373:from the original on 30 December 2015. 5990:Journal of Infection and Public Health 5890: 5888: 5711:Zika Virus: Health Effects & Risks 5572: 5150:Debra Goldschmidt (18 November 2016). 4782:from the original on 17 September 2016 4430:"Zika Virus Response Updates from FDA" 4064:from the original on 2 September 2016. 3765: 3562:from the original on 27 February 2016. 2415:"Zika Virus Infection, Cambodia, 2010" 2060: 1839: 1759: 1705:Climate change and infectious diseases 1556:A high rate of the autoimmune disease 1472:, Brazil, with microcephaly and other 981:is used to kill flying mosquitoes and 834:visit with a doctor as well as in the 471:2013–2014 outbreak in French Polynesia 10257: 9817:Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome 8983: 8776: 8468: 8121: 7982:from the original on 17 February 2016 7916: 7379:from the original on 21 February 2016 7235:Journal of Global Infectious Diseases 7139:10.2807/1560-7917.es.2016.21.38.30347 7009:from the original on 23 February 2016 6990: 6895:Roberts, Michelle (1 February 2016). 6803:from the original on 26 January 2016. 6651: 6590: 6404:from the original on 11 December 2016 6098:from the original on 6 February 2016. 5881:from the original on 6 February 2016. 5728: 5726: 5667:Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 5174: 5162:from the original on 23 December 2016 5044:from the original on 26 January 2016. 4992:from the original on 7 September 2016 4970:from the original on 18 January 2016. 4898: 4849:from the original on 1 February 2016. 4821:from the original on 6 February 2016. 4769: 4680: 4678: 4676: 4674: 4672: 4670: 4639:Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 4511: 4509: 4507: 4505: 4503: 4501: 4205:from the original on 25 December 2015 3853: 3851: 3849: 3847: 3845: 3843: 3778:from the original on 21 December 2016 3468: 3466: 3464: 3309: 3284: 3235: 3057: 3055: 3053: 3051: 2573: 2527:Journal of Global Infectious Diseases 2214:from the original on 24 December 2015 1924:from the original on 23 December 2015 1633: 1395: 400: 8970:Species Profile – Zika Virus Disease 8783:Viegas, Luciana (23 February 2016). 8759: 7875:from the original on 2 February 2016 7463:Fine Maron, Dina (28 January 2016). 7429:Tavernise, Sabrina (22 March 2016). 6972:from the original on 31 January 2016 6942:from the original on 2 February 2016 6928:Pearson, Michael (2 February 2016). 6909:from the original on 1 February 2016 6876:from the original on 2 February 2016 6785:from the original on 24 August 2016. 6669:from the original on 4 February 2016 6608:from the original on 31 January 2016 6546:10.2807/1560-7917.ES2015.20.23.21153 6338: 6143: 5554:from the original on 3 February 2016 5193:from the original on 22 January 2016 5105:from the original on 8 February 2016 5066:from the original on 7 February 2016 4911:from the original on 26 January 2016 4853: 4187: 4115: 3544: 2679: 2481:from the original on 29 January 2016 2463: 2308:from the original on 3 February 2016 2285: 2196: 1914:"Factsheet for health professionals" 1885: 1747:from the original on 3 February 2016 1237:2007 Yap Islands Zika virus outbreak 1042:In Asia: Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei 860:plaque reduction neutralization test 265:, Generally not needed in mild cases 9320:Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis 8402: 8001:Bowater, Donna (15 February 2016). 7968:Jacobs, Andrew (16 February 2016). 7675:from the original on 14 March 2016. 7657:from the original on 16 March 2016. 7346:from the original on 3 January 2016 7021: 6665:(in Portuguese). 30 November 2015. 6604:(in Portuguese). 28 November 2015. 6332: 6152: 5885: 5542:Pollack, Andrew (30 January 2016). 5535: 4750:from the original on 1 October 2016 4195:"Clinical Evaluation & Disease" 4075:Guillaume, Theiry (27 April 2016). 3947:from the original on 28 March 2016. 3608:from the original on 15 March 2016. 2687:"Guillain–BarrĂ© syndrome Q & A" 1857:Clinical Microbiology and Infection 1667:gamma cell irradiator. 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Neuroscience 7859:"Zika virus: Americas, Asia" 6241:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002636 6084:10.1016/0035-9203(81)90100-0 6042:"Zika Virus Disease – India" 5859:10.1016/0035-9203(64)90201-9 5808:10.1016/0035-9203(54)90006-1 5439:10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.05.016 4593:10.1371/journal.pone.0256444 4377:Emerging Infectious Diseases 4330:Journal of Clinical Virology 4057:Food and Drug Administration 3428:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002348 3369:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002681 3242:Emerging Infectious Diseases 3081:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.11.031 3015:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004517 2586:Emerging Infectious Diseases 2419:Emerging Infectious Diseases 2252:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001477 1568: 1484:Brazilian Ministry of Health 1142: 1132:In the 1940s and 1950s, the 876:lymphocytic choriomeningitis 687: 537: 476: 316:Mother-to-child transmission 7: 9770:Brazilian hemorrhagic fever 9758:Argentine hemorrhagic fever 5601:"Aspirin and Reye Syndrome" 3867:Journal of General Virology 3238:"Zika Virus Outside Africa" 1803:Annals of Internal Medicine 1682: 1575:2015–16 Zika virus epidemic 1563: 1506:In January 2016, a baby in 1300:2015–16 Zika virus epidemic 1293: 1166: 850:For infants with suspected 499:mother to child in the womb 318:during pregnancy can cause 10: 10669: 9782:Bolivian hemorrhagic fever 9662:Sandfly fever Naples virus 7050:10.1016/j.ijid.2016.11.420 6155:"Zika Epidemiology Update" 6003:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.10.006 5954:10.1016/j.jinf.2017.09.020 2738:10.1038/s41598-019-46389-0 2133:10.1016/j.ijid.2019.08.033 1390: 1297: 1263: 1259: 1234: 1077: 1073: 490: 387:outbreak started in Brazil 343:and potentially spread by 29: 10556: 10441: 10418: 10393: 10292: 10223: 10191: 10182: 10153: 10123: 10101: 10090: 10049: 10017: 9970: 9911: 9900: 9874: 9805: 9720: 9709: 9698: 9670: 9620: 9609: 9575: 9555: 9473: 9450:Huaiyangshan banyangvirus 9419: 9408: 9384: 9284: 9162: 9047: 9036: 9025: 8926: 8841: 8594:10.1186/s13039-016-0240-1 8469:Rakic, P (October 2009). 8172:10.1038/nature.2016.19502 7535:World Health Organization 7189:10.1186/s12916-016-0737-9 6870:World Health Organization 5914:10.4049/jimmunol.72.4.248 5328:FEMS Microbiology Letters 5012:"Zika Travel Information" 4934:"How to Protect Yourself" 4342:10.1016/j.jcv.2008.05.005 4199:For Health Care Providers 4094:10.1007/s00134-016-4364-x 3236:Hayes, Edward B. (2009). 3122:10.1186/s12916-016-0660-0 2332:World Health Organization 1669:World Health Organization 1435:World Health Organization 1215:with other flaviviruses. 892:World Health Organization 796:World Health Organization 788:reverse transcriptase PCR 497:The disease spreads from 391:World Health Organization 269: 258: 236: 208: 191: 173: 165: 148: 123: 111: 71: 66: 57: 49: 44: 10318:lymphogranuloma venereum 10066:SARS-related coronavirus 10029:Henipavirus encephalitis 9887:Murid gammaherpesvirus 4 9732:Viral hemorrhagic fevers 9513:Viral hemorrhagic fevers 9485:Arbovirus encephalitides 9461:Arbovirus encephalitides 9431:Viral hemorrhagic fevers 9396:Banna virus encephalitis 9296:Arbovirus encephalitides 9241:Viral hemorrhagic fevers 9207:Saint Louis encephalitis 9174:Arbovirus encephalitides 9125:Viral hemorrhagic fevers 9059:Arbovirus encephalitides 7248:10.4103/0974-777X.176140 5841:Simpson, D.I.H. (1964). 5790:MacNamara, F.N. (1954). 5485:The Lancet Global Health 4476:10.15585/mmwr.mm6505e2er 4295:(18): 474. 13 May 2016. 3594:10.15585/mmwr.mm6508e2er 2540:10.4103/0974-777X.176140 1675:mosquitoes developed by 532: 10335:Klebsiella granulomatis 10170:Yaba monkey tumor virus 9527:Kyasanur Forest disease 9489:Tick-borne encephalitis 9190:Australian encephalitis 9083:California encephalitis 8964:Managing Zika in babies 8272:"Zika situation report" 6300:10.1126/science.aaf5036 5426:Mayo Clinic Proceedings 5014:. CDC. 10 December 2020 4081:Intensive Care Medicine 2328:"Zika situation report" 1870:10.1111/1469-0691.12707 1596:through the process of 1558:Guillain–BarrĂ© syndrome 1552:Guillain–BarrĂ© syndrome 1520:Also in February 2016, 1370: 1364:Guillain–BarrĂ© syndrome 1173:Guillain–BarrĂ© syndrome 941:oil of lemon eucalyptus 463:Guillain–BarrĂ© syndrome 457:Guillain–BarrĂ© syndrome 324:Guillain–BarrĂ© syndrome 298:. Symptoms may include 155:Guillain–BarrĂ© syndrome 10383:Ureaplasma urealyticum 9517:Omsk hemorrhagic fever 9098:La Crosse encephalitis 8581:Molecular Cytogenetics 8439:10.1055/s-0036-1592071 8217:. BBC. 19 March 2016. 8215:BBC News Latin America 7762:10.15585/mmwr.mm6509e2 6442:10.15585/mmwr.mm6538e1 5716:20 August 2016 at the 5680:10.15585/mmwr.mm6502e1 5532:Oxitech, 11 April 2014 4652:10.15585/mmwr.mm6534e3 4535:10.15585/mmwr.mm6533e2 4389:10.3201/eid1408.080287 4302:10.15585/mmwr.mm6518e1 3924:10.15585/mmwr.mm6512e2 3736:10.15585/mmwr.mm6539e1 3687:10.15585/mmwr.mm6534e2 3521:10.15585/mmwr.mm6505e1 3254:10.3201/eid1509.090442 2598:10.3201/eid1705.101939 2431:10.3201/eid1802.111224 2091:10.15585/mmwr.mm6512e3 1626:as a byproduct of the 1461: 1400:It is named after the 1309: 1197:Rockefeller Foundation 1192: 825:Screening in pregnancy 653:perinatal transmission 626:was the vector, while 488: 410: 210:Differential diagnosis 10643:Insect-borne diseases 10529:Molluscum contagiosum 10408:Trichomonas vaginalis 10347:Neisseria gonorrhoeae 10323:Chlamydia trachomatis 9950:Marburg virus disease 9501:Powassan encephalitis 9178:Japanese encephalitis 8092:10.1056/NEJMoa1600651 6200:10.1056/NEJMoa0805715 6128:10.1056/nejmra1602113 5901:Journal of Immunology 5617:10.1542/peds.69.6.810 5341:10.1093/femsle/fnw202 4964:CDC Newsroom Releases 4905:Medscape Medical News 4811:in the United States" 3556:CDC Newsroom Releases 2907:10.1056/nejmoa1602412 2849:10.1056/NEJMoa1602412 1969:10.1056/NEJMsr1604338 1542:vertical transmission 1451: 1307: 1298:Further information: 1190: 1129:, SĂŁo Paulo in 2016. 878:virus infection, and 794:can be short and the 779:, and elevated liver 769:complete blood counts 714:group A streptococcus 484: 408: 372:2015–16 Zika outbreak 339:type. It can also be 32:Zika (disambiguation) 10489:Human papillomavirus 10378:Ureaplasma infection 9376:Semliki Forest virus 8644:10.1038/emi.2016.141 8420:(9 September 2016). 7033:"Zika virus in Asia" 6735:(10033): 2125–2132. 5942:Journal of Infection 5751:10.1128/CMR.00072-15 5528:1 March 2016 at the 5390:10.1038/nrd.2016.159 5286:10.1056/nejmp1607762 5231:10.1056/nejmp1609300 4245:10.1128/JCM.00279-16 4164:10.1056/NEJMp1600297 4020:10.2450/2015.0187-15 3880:10.1099/jgv.0.000381 3817:10.1056/NEJMc1604449 2781:(10027): 1531–1539. 2656:10.1056/nejme1611840 2471:"Signs and Symptoms" 2210:. 24 December 2015. 1918:Zika virus infection 1474:congenital disorders 1452:Brazilian President 1385:2016 Summer Olympics 1243:was reported in 2007 880:herpes simplex virus 836:mid-second trimester 341:sexually transmitted 186:sexually transmitted 10307:Haemophilus ducreyi 9923:Ebola virus disease 9587:Colorado tick fever 9342:O'nyong'nyong fever 8720:2016NatSR...628792A 8163:2016Natur.531..153B 7871:. 28 January 2016. 7650:The Washington Post 7469:Scientific American 6968:. 1 February 2016. 6872:. 1 February 2016. 6781:. 25 January 2016. 6704:on 12 February 2016 6292:2016Sci...352..345F 4746:. 5 November 2014. 4584:2021PLoSO..1656444A 4239:(4): JCM.00279–16. 3480:on 25 December 2015 2730:2019NatSR...9.9951D 1535:conspiracy theories 1493:standard deviations 1377:Serological surveys 1205:Indian subcontinent 637:sexual transmission 629:Aedes polynesiensis 493:§ Microcephaly 10371:Treponema pallidum 10359:Mycoplasma hominis 10135:Simian foamy virus 8927:External resources 8812:The Globe and Mail 8708:Scientific Reports 8381:The New York Times 7975:The New York Times 7799:The New York Times 7605:(10020): 719–721. 7372:The New York Times 7339:The New York Times 6390:The New York Times 5131:on 3 February 2016 5091:The New York Times 4776:The New York Times 4060:. 26 August 2016. 3772:The New York Times 3415:PLOS Negl Trop Dis 3356:PLOS Negl Trop Dis 3331:on 28 January 2016 3319:Aedes luteocephala 3002:PLOS Negl Trop Dis 2944:JAMA Ophthalmology 2718:Scientific Reports 1462: 1396:Origin of the name 1314:Western Hemisphere 1310: 1193: 1080:Zika virus vaccine 1054:Both the regional 651:Cases of vertical 593:Ae. apicoargenteus 489: 411: 401:Signs and symptoms 345:blood transfusions 312:maculopapular rash 310:, headache, and a 284:Zika virus disease 142:maculopapular rash 118:Infectious disease 10630: 10629: 10522:HSV-1 & HSV-2 10510:Hepatitis B virus 10251: 10250: 10247: 10246: 10243: 10242: 10178: 10177: 10086: 10085: 9896: 9895: 9694: 9693: 9690: 9689: 9605: 9604: 9404: 9403: 9149:Rift Valley fever 8959: 8958: 8728:10.1038/srep28792 8353:10.1159/000452950 7307:10.1136/bmj.i1049 7091:10.1111/cla.12178 6435:(38): 1032–1038. 6358:10.1136/bmj.h6983 6286:(6283): 345–349. 6121:(16): 1552–1563. 5996:(12): 1920–1926. 5432:(12): 2572–2586. 5279:(13): 1209–1212. 5224:(13): 1212–1216. 5062:. February 2016. 4718:Travelers' Health 4714:"Avoid bug bites" 4008:Blood Transfusion 3810:(22): 2195–2198. 3729:(39): 1077–1081. 3298:978-3-642-71911-0 2901:(24): 2321–2334. 2843:(24): 2321–2334. 2649:(16): 1581–1582. 2364:. 5 November 2014 2049:978-0-323-44335-7 2013:. 13 April 2016. 1962:(20): 1981–1987. 1583:COVID-19 pandemic 1064:international law 998:replicative virus 665:blood transfusion 599:Ae. luteocephalus 277: 276: 193:Diagnostic method 180:mainly spread by 39:Medical condition 16:(Redirected from 10660: 10609: 10590: 10571: 10278: 10271: 10264: 10255: 10254: 10189: 10188: 10099: 10098: 9909: 9908: 9718: 9717: 9707: 9706: 9682:Chandipura virus 9618: 9617: 9558:Orthomyxoviridae 9417: 9416: 9364:Ross River fever 9129:Bunyamwera fever 9045: 9044: 9034: 9033: 9004: 8997: 8990: 8981: 8980: 8839: 8838: 8828: 8827: 8825: 8823: 8803: 8797: 8796: 8780: 8774: 8773: 8757: 8751: 8749: 8739: 8695: 8689: 8688: 8672: 8666: 8665: 8655: 8623: 8617: 8616: 8606: 8596: 8572: 8566: 8565: 8555: 8536:10.1002/wdev.273 8515: 8509: 8508: 8498: 8466: 8460: 8459: 8441: 8409: 8400: 8399: 8397: 8395: 8372: 8366: 8365: 8355: 8331: 8325: 8324: 8322: 8320: 8300: 8294: 8293: 8291: 8289: 8283: 8276: 8268: 8262: 8261: 8259: 8257: 8237: 8231: 8230: 8228: 8226: 8207: 8201: 8200: 8174: 8142: 8136: 8135: 8119: 8113: 8112: 8094: 8070: 8064: 8063: 8045: 8021: 8015: 8014: 7998: 7992: 7991: 7989: 7987: 7965: 7956: 7955: 7937: 7931: 7930: 7914: 7908: 7907: 7891: 7885: 7884: 7882: 7880: 7855: 7849: 7848: 7838: 7814: 7808: 7807: 7789: 7783: 7782: 7764: 7740: 7731: 7730: 7686: 7677: 7676: 7665: 7659: 7658: 7641: 7635: 7634: 7624: 7614: 7588: 7582: 7581: 7579: 7577: 7557: 7551: 7550: 7548: 7546: 7537:. 8 March 2016. 7527: 7516: 7515: 7513: 7511: 7491: 7485: 7484: 7482: 7480: 7460: 7451: 7450: 7448: 7446: 7426: 7420: 7419: 7417: 7415: 7395: 7389: 7388: 7386: 7384: 7362: 7356: 7355: 7353: 7351: 7329: 7320: 7319: 7309: 7285: 7279: 7278: 7268: 7250: 7226: 7220: 7219: 7209: 7191: 7167: 7161: 7160: 7150: 7127:Eurosurveillance 7118: 7112: 7111: 7093: 7069: 7063: 7062: 7052: 7028: 7019: 7018: 7016: 7014: 6988: 6982: 6981: 6979: 6977: 6958: 6952: 6951: 6949: 6947: 6925: 6919: 6918: 6916: 6914: 6892: 6886: 6885: 6883: 6881: 6862: 6856: 6855: 6849: 6841: 6831: 6811: 6805: 6804: 6793: 6787: 6786: 6769: 6763: 6762: 6752: 6720: 6714: 6713: 6711: 6709: 6703: 6696: 6688: 6679: 6678: 6676: 6674: 6655: 6649: 6648: 6646: 6644: 6624: 6618: 6617: 6615: 6613: 6594: 6588: 6587: 6585: 6583: 6577: 6568: 6559: 6558: 6548: 6533:Eurosurveillance 6530: 6521: 6515: 6514: 6499: 6493: 6492: 6490: 6488: 6469: 6463: 6462: 6444: 6420: 6414: 6413: 6411: 6409: 6381: 6375: 6374: 6360: 6336: 6330: 6329: 6319: 6270: 6264: 6263: 6253: 6243: 6219: 6213: 6212: 6202: 6178: 6169: 6168: 6166: 6164: 6159: 6150: 6141: 6140: 6130: 6106: 6100: 6099: 6063: 6057: 6056: 6054: 6052: 6038: 6032: 6031: 6005: 5980: 5974: 5973: 5933: 5927: 5926: 5916: 5892: 5883: 5882: 5838: 5832: 5831: 5787: 5781: 5780: 5770: 5730: 5721: 5707: 5701: 5700: 5682: 5658: 5652: 5651: 5649: 5647: 5596: 5590: 5589: 5587: 5585: 5570: 5564: 5563: 5561: 5559: 5539: 5533: 5519:Tracy Thompson: 5517: 5511: 5510: 5500: 5491:(3): e148–e149. 5476: 5470: 5469: 5459: 5441: 5417: 5411: 5410: 5392: 5368: 5362: 5361: 5343: 5319: 5313: 5312: 5306: 5298: 5288: 5264: 5258: 5257: 5251: 5243: 5233: 5209: 5203: 5202: 5200: 5198: 5178: 5172: 5171: 5169: 5167: 5147: 5141: 5140: 5138: 5136: 5121: 5115: 5114: 5112: 5110: 5082: 5076: 5075: 5073: 5071: 5052: 5046: 5045: 5030: 5024: 5023: 5021: 5019: 5008: 5002: 5001: 4999: 4997: 4978: 4972: 4971: 4956: 4950: 4949: 4947: 4945: 4930: 4921: 4920: 4918: 4916: 4896: 4887: 4886: 4884: 4882: 4876: 4865: 4857: 4851: 4850: 4848: 4837: 4829: 4823: 4822: 4809:Aedes albopictus 4799: 4793: 4791: 4789: 4787: 4767: 4761: 4759: 4757: 4755: 4740: 4734: 4733: 4731: 4729: 4710: 4701: 4700: 4698: 4696: 4682: 4665: 4664: 4654: 4630: 4624: 4623: 4613: 4595: 4562: 4556: 4555: 4537: 4513: 4496: 4495: 4458: 4445: 4444: 4442: 4440: 4425: 4419: 4418: 4408: 4383:(8): 1232–1239. 4368: 4362: 4361: 4321: 4315: 4314: 4304: 4281: 4275: 4274: 4264: 4224: 4215: 4214: 4212: 4210: 4191: 4185: 4184: 4166: 4142: 4133: 4132: 4130: 4128: 4113: 4107: 4106: 4096: 4087:(9): 1485–1486. 4072: 4066: 4065: 4048: 4042: 4041: 4031: 3999: 3993: 3992: 3982: 3958: 3949: 3948: 3926: 3902: 3893: 3892: 3882: 3864: 3855: 3838: 3837: 3819: 3795: 3789: 3787: 3785: 3783: 3763: 3757: 3756: 3738: 3714: 3708: 3707: 3689: 3665: 3659: 3658: 3640: 3616: 3610: 3609: 3573: 3564: 3563: 3548: 3542: 3541: 3523: 3499: 3490: 3489: 3487: 3485: 3476:. Archived from 3470: 3459: 3458: 3448: 3430: 3406: 3400: 3399: 3389: 3371: 3347: 3341: 3340: 3338: 3336: 3313: 3307: 3306: 3282: 3276: 3275: 3265: 3233: 3216: 3215: 3205: 3196:(10047): 891–7. 3180: 3174: 3173: 3171: 3159: 3153: 3152: 3142: 3124: 3100: 3094: 3093: 3083: 3059: 3046: 3045: 3035: 3017: 2992: 2986: 2985: 2975: 2935: 2929: 2928: 2918: 2885: 2879: 2878: 2868: 2828: 2817: 2816: 2806: 2766: 2760: 2759: 2749: 2709: 2703: 2702: 2700: 2698: 2683: 2677: 2676: 2658: 2634: 2628: 2627: 2617: 2577: 2571: 2570: 2560: 2542: 2518: 2491: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2467: 2461: 2460: 2450: 2410: 2404: 2403: 2401: 2399: 2380: 2374: 2373: 2371: 2369: 2354: 2348: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2334:. Archived from 2324: 2318: 2317: 2315: 2313: 2294: 2283: 2282: 2272: 2254: 2230: 2224: 2223: 2221: 2219: 2200: 2194: 2193: 2191: 2189: 2183: 2176: 2168: 2157: 2156: 2135: 2110: 2104: 2103: 2093: 2069: 2058: 2057: 2033: 2027: 2026: 2024: 2022: 2003: 1990: 1989: 1971: 1947: 1934: 1933: 1931: 1929: 1910: 1883: 1882: 1872: 1848: 1837: 1836: 1818: 1816:10.7326/M16-0150 1794: 1757: 1756: 1754: 1752: 1737: 1699: 1694: 1693: 1634:Mosquito control 1272:French Polynesia 1097:Mosquito control 1090:drug development 1007:CDC travel alert 777:thrombocytopenia 523:hearing problems 393:to declare it a 360:insect repellent 282:, also known as 144:, Sometimes none 103: 102: 99: 98: 95: 92: 89: 86: 62: 42: 41: 21: 10668: 10667: 10663: 10662: 10661: 10659: 10658: 10657: 10633: 10632: 10631: 10626: 10605: 10586: 10567: 10558: 10552: 10496:Genital warts ( 10437: 10414: 10389: 10288: 10282: 10252: 10239: 10219: 10184: 10174: 10149: 10119: 10093: 10082: 10045: 10020:Paramyxoviridae 10013: 9966: 9903: 9892: 9870: 9801: 9712: 9701: 9686: 9666: 9650:Pappataci fever 9643:Oropouche virus 9638:Oropouche fever 9612: 9601: 9571: 9551: 9469: 9441:Heartland virus 9411: 9400: 9380: 9352:Pogosta disease 9280: 9227:West Nile fever 9158: 9039: 9028: 9021: 9008: 8960: 8955: 8954: 8922: 8921: 8850: 8836: 8831: 8821: 8819: 8804: 8800: 8781: 8777: 8758: 8754: 8696: 8692: 8673: 8669: 8624: 8620: 8573: 8569: 8516: 8512: 8487:10.1038/nrn2719 8467: 8463: 8410: 8403: 8393: 8391: 8373: 8369: 8332: 8328: 8318: 8316: 8301: 8297: 8287: 8285: 8281: 8274: 8270: 8269: 8265: 8255: 8253: 8238: 8234: 8224: 8222: 8209: 8208: 8204: 8143: 8139: 8120: 8116: 8085:(10): 951–958. 8071: 8067: 8022: 8018: 8007:Daily Telegraph 7999: 7995: 7985: 7983: 7966: 7959: 7939: 7938: 7934: 7915: 7911: 7892: 7888: 7878: 7876: 7857: 7856: 7852: 7815: 7811: 7790: 7786: 7741: 7734: 7687: 7680: 7667: 7666: 7662: 7643: 7642: 7638: 7589: 7585: 7575: 7573: 7558: 7554: 7544: 7542: 7529: 7528: 7519: 7509: 7507: 7492: 7488: 7478: 7476: 7461: 7454: 7444: 7442: 7427: 7423: 7413: 7411: 7404:Washington Post 7396: 7392: 7382: 7380: 7363: 7359: 7349: 7347: 7330: 7323: 7286: 7282: 7227: 7223: 7168: 7164: 7119: 7115: 7070: 7066: 7029: 7022: 7012: 7010: 6989: 6985: 6975: 6973: 6960: 6959: 6955: 6945: 6943: 6926: 6922: 6912: 6910: 6902:BBC News Online 6893: 6889: 6879: 6877: 6864: 6863: 6859: 6843: 6842: 6812: 6808: 6795: 6794: 6790: 6771: 6770: 6766: 6721: 6717: 6707: 6705: 6701: 6694: 6690: 6689: 6682: 6672: 6670: 6657: 6656: 6652: 6642: 6640: 6625: 6621: 6611: 6609: 6596: 6595: 6591: 6581: 6579: 6575: 6570: 6569: 6562: 6528: 6522: 6518: 6501: 6500: 6496: 6486: 6484: 6477:Washington Post 6471: 6470: 6466: 6421: 6417: 6407: 6405: 6382: 6378: 6337: 6333: 6271: 6267: 6220: 6216: 6193:(24): 2536–43. 6179: 6172: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6151: 6144: 6107: 6103: 6064: 6060: 6050: 6048: 6040: 6039: 6035: 5981: 5977: 5934: 5930: 5893: 5886: 5839: 5835: 5788: 5784: 5731: 5724: 5718:Wayback Machine 5708: 5704: 5659: 5655: 5645: 5643: 5597: 5593: 5583: 5581: 5579:Washington Post 5571: 5567: 5557: 5555: 5540: 5536: 5530:Wayback Machine 5518: 5514: 5477: 5473: 5418: 5414: 5369: 5365: 5320: 5316: 5300: 5299: 5265: 5261: 5245: 5244: 5210: 5206: 5196: 5194: 5179: 5175: 5165: 5163: 5148: 5144: 5134: 5132: 5123: 5122: 5118: 5108: 5106: 5083: 5079: 5069: 5067: 5054: 5053: 5049: 5032: 5031: 5027: 5017: 5015: 5010: 5009: 5005: 4995: 4993: 4980: 4979: 4975: 4958: 4957: 4953: 4943: 4941: 4932: 4931: 4924: 4914: 4912: 4897: 4890: 4880: 4878: 4874: 4863: 4859: 4858: 4854: 4846: 4835: 4831: 4830: 4826: 4801: 4800: 4796: 4785: 4783: 4768: 4764: 4753: 4751: 4742: 4741: 4737: 4727: 4725: 4712: 4711: 4704: 4694: 4692: 4684: 4683: 4668: 4631: 4627: 4578:(9): e0256444. 4563: 4559: 4528:(33): 870–878. 4514: 4499: 4459: 4448: 4438: 4436: 4426: 4422: 4369: 4365: 4322: 4318: 4283: 4282: 4278: 4225: 4218: 4208: 4206: 4193: 4192: 4188: 4143: 4136: 4126: 4124: 4114: 4110: 4073: 4069: 4050: 4049: 4045: 4000: 3996: 3973:(10023): 1051. 3959: 3952: 3917:(12): 315–322. 3903: 3896: 3862: 3856: 3841: 3796: 3792: 3781: 3779: 3764: 3760: 3715: 3711: 3680:(34): 915–916. 3666: 3662: 3617: 3613: 3574: 3567: 3550: 3549: 3545: 3500: 3493: 3483: 3481: 3472: 3471: 3462: 3407: 3403: 3348: 3344: 3334: 3332: 3315: 3314: 3310: 3299: 3283: 3279: 3234: 3219: 3181: 3177: 3161: 3160: 3156: 3101: 3097: 3060: 3049: 3008:(2): e0004517. 2993: 2989: 2936: 2932: 2886: 2882: 2829: 2820: 2767: 2763: 2710: 2706: 2696: 2694: 2685: 2684: 2680: 2635: 2631: 2578: 2574: 2519: 2494: 2484: 2482: 2475:Zika virus home 2469: 2468: 2464: 2411: 2407: 2397: 2395: 2388:Zika Virus Home 2382: 2381: 2377: 2367: 2365: 2356: 2355: 2351: 2341: 2339: 2326: 2325: 2321: 2311: 2309: 2296: 2295: 2286: 2231: 2227: 2217: 2215: 2202: 2201: 2197: 2187: 2185: 2181: 2174: 2170: 2169: 2160: 2111: 2107: 2084:(12): 323–325. 2070: 2061: 2050: 2034: 2030: 2020: 2018: 2005: 2004: 1993: 1948: 1937: 1927: 1925: 1912: 1911: 1886: 1849: 1840: 1795: 1760: 1750: 1748: 1739: 1738: 1717: 1713: 1695: 1688: 1685: 1636: 1628:immune response 1613:mitotic spindle 1571: 1566: 1554: 1458:videoconference 1418: 1398: 1393: 1373: 1362:in infants and 1302: 1296: 1268: 1262: 1239: 1233: 1185: 1169: 1145: 1125:in the town of 1099: 1082: 1076: 1052: 1009: 918: 888: 872:cytomegalovirus 848: 827: 815:West Nile virus 690: 674: 672:Pathophysiology 570: 540: 535: 519:vision problems 511:hydrops fetalis 495: 479: 459: 403: 263:Supportive care 107: 83: 79: 40: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10666: 10656: 10655: 10650: 10645: 10628: 10627: 10625: 10624: 10615: 10610: 10602: 10601: 10596: 10591: 10583: 10582: 10577: 10572: 10564: 10562: 10554: 10553: 10551: 10550: 10538: 10526: 10525: 10524: 10517:Herpes simplex 10514: 10502: 10493: 10485: 10484: 10483: 10478: 10473: 10468: 10460: 10447: 10445: 10439: 10438: 10436: 10435: 10430: 10424: 10422: 10416: 10415: 10413: 10412: 10403:Trichomoniasis 10399: 10397: 10391: 10390: 10388: 10387: 10375: 10363: 10351: 10339: 10327: 10311: 10298: 10296: 10290: 10289: 10281: 10280: 10273: 10266: 10258: 10249: 10248: 10245: 10244: 10241: 10240: 10238: 10237: 10231: 10229: 10221: 10220: 10218: 10217: 10212: 10211: 10210: 10199: 10197: 10186: 10180: 10179: 10176: 10175: 10173: 10172: 10167: 10161: 10159: 10151: 10150: 10148: 10147: 10142: 10137: 10131: 10129: 10121: 10120: 10118: 10117: 10109: 10107: 10096: 10088: 10087: 10084: 10083: 10081: 10080: 10079: 10078: 10073: 10063: 10057: 10055: 10047: 10046: 10044: 10043: 10042: 10041: 10036: 10025: 10023: 10015: 10014: 10012: 10011: 10006: 10005: 10004: 9999: 9994: 9989: 9978: 9976: 9968: 9967: 9965: 9964: 9963: 9962: 9957: 9947: 9946: 9945: 9940: 9935: 9930: 9919: 9917: 9906: 9898: 9897: 9894: 9893: 9891: 9890: 9882: 9880: 9872: 9871: 9869: 9868: 9867: 9866: 9861: 9851: 9850: 9849: 9844: 9839: 9834: 9829: 9824: 9813: 9811: 9803: 9802: 9800: 9799: 9794: 9789: 9788: 9787: 9779: 9778: 9777: 9767: 9766: 9765: 9755: 9754: 9753: 9745: 9744: 9743: 9728: 9726: 9715: 9704: 9696: 9695: 9692: 9691: 9688: 9687: 9685: 9684: 9678: 9676: 9668: 9667: 9665: 9664: 9659: 9658: 9657: 9647: 9646: 9645: 9635: 9628: 9626: 9615: 9607: 9606: 9603: 9602: 9600: 9599: 9594: 9593: 9592: 9583: 9581: 9573: 9572: 9570: 9569: 9563: 9561: 9553: 9552: 9550: 9549: 9548: 9547: 9539: 9538: 9537: 9532: 9524: 9523: 9522: 9510: 9509: 9508: 9498: 9497: 9496: 9481: 9479: 9471: 9470: 9468: 9467: 9458: 9453: 9443: 9438: 9427: 9425: 9414: 9406: 9405: 9402: 9401: 9399: 9398: 9392: 9390: 9382: 9381: 9379: 9378: 9373: 9372: 9371: 9361: 9360: 9359: 9349: 9348: 9347: 9339: 9338: 9337: 9327: 9326: 9325: 9317: 9316: 9315: 9307: 9306: 9305: 9292: 9290: 9282: 9281: 9279: 9278: 9277: 9276: 9266: 9265: 9264: 9254: 9253: 9252: 9237: 9236: 9235: 9234: 9224: 9223: 9222: 9214: 9213: 9212: 9204: 9203: 9202: 9197: 9187: 9186: 9185: 9170: 9168: 9160: 9159: 9157: 9156: 9155: 9154: 9146: 9145: 9144: 9136: 9135: 9134: 9121: 9120: 9115: 9114: 9113: 9105: 9104: 9103: 9095: 9090: 9089: 9088: 9080: 9079: 9078: 9070: 9069: 9068: 9055: 9053: 9042: 9031: 9023: 9022: 9014:viral diseases 9007: 9006: 8999: 8992: 8984: 8978: 8977: 8967: 8957: 8956: 8953: 8952: 8943: 8931: 8930: 8928: 8924: 8923: 8920: 8919: 8908: 8897: 8882: 8867: 8851: 8846: 8845: 8843: 8842:Classification 8835: 8834:External links 8832: 8830: 8829: 8798: 8775: 8752: 8690: 8667: 8618: 8567: 8510: 8481:(10): 724–35. 8461: 8432:(5): 266–272. 8401: 8367: 8346:(3): 152–158. 8326: 8295: 8263: 8246:New York Times 8232: 8202: 8137: 8114: 8065: 8036:(6): 653–660. 8016: 7993: 7957: 7932: 7909: 7886: 7850: 7829:(10015): 228. 7809: 7784: 7755:(9): 242–247. 7732: 7697:(2): 156–157. 7678: 7660: 7636: 7583: 7566:New York Times 7552: 7517: 7500:New York Times 7486: 7452: 7435:New York Times 7421: 7390: 7357: 7321: 7280: 7221: 7162: 7113: 7064: 7020: 6983: 6953: 6920: 6887: 6857: 6818:(in Spanish). 6806: 6788: 6764: 6715: 6680: 6650: 6619: 6589: 6560: 6516: 6494: 6464: 6415: 6376: 6331: 6265: 6214: 6170: 6142: 6101: 6078:(3): 389–393. 6058: 6033: 5975: 5948:(3): 314–317. 5928: 5907:(4): 248–257. 5884: 5853:(4): 339–348. 5833: 5802:(2): 139–145. 5782: 5745:(3): 487–524. 5722: 5702: 5653: 5611:(6): 810–812. 5591: 5565: 5548:New York Times 5534: 5512: 5471: 5412: 5383:(8): 521–522. 5363: 5334:(18): fnw202. 5314: 5259: 5204: 5173: 5142: 5116: 5077: 5047: 5025: 5003: 4973: 4951: 4922: 4888: 4852: 4824: 4794: 4762: 4735: 4702: 4666: 4625: 4557: 4497: 4446: 4420: 4363: 4316: 4276: 4216: 4186: 4157:(7): 601–604. 4134: 4108: 4067: 4043: 3994: 3950: 3894: 3873:(2): 269–273. 3839: 3790: 3758: 3709: 3660: 3611: 3565: 3543: 3514:(5): 120–121. 3491: 3460: 3401: 3342: 3308: 3297: 3277: 3248:(9): 1347–50. 3217: 3175: 3169:10.1101/051060 3154: 3095: 3074:(5): 949–958. 3047: 2987: 2950:(5): 529–535. 2930: 2880: 2818: 2761: 2704: 2678: 2629: 2592:(5): 880–882. 2572: 2492: 2462: 2425:(2): 349–351. 2405: 2375: 2349: 2338:on 25 May 2017 2319: 2284: 2225: 2195: 2158: 2105: 2059: 2048: 2028: 1991: 1935: 1884: 1863:(10): O595–6. 1838: 1758: 1714: 1712: 1709: 1708: 1707: 1701: 1700: 1697:Viruses portal 1684: 1681: 1635: 1632: 1579:Jair Bolsonaro 1570: 1567: 1565: 1562: 1553: 1550: 1530:drinking water 1454:Dilma Rousseff 1417: 1414: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1372: 1369: 1295: 1292: 1288:Southeast Asia 1264:Main article: 1261: 1258: 1253:Aedes hensilli 1235:Main article: 1232: 1229: 1213:cross-reaction 1184: 1181: 1168: 1165: 1144: 1141: 1098: 1095: 1078:Main article: 1075: 1072: 1051: 1048: 1044: 1043: 1040: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1028: 1024: 1008: 1005: 971: 970: 967: 960: 957: 954: 951: 948: 929: 917: 914: 913: 912: 908: 904: 900: 887: 884: 847: 846:Infant testing 844: 826: 823: 689: 686: 680:virus protein 673: 670: 623:Aedes hensilli 605:Ae. albopictus 569: 566: 539: 536: 534: 531: 478: 475: 458: 455: 423:conjunctivitis 402: 399: 275: 274: 273:≄ 51 (2016–19) 271: 267: 266: 260: 256: 255: 238: 234: 233: 212: 206: 205: 195: 189: 188: 184:, can also be 175: 171: 170: 167: 163: 162: 152: 146: 145: 127: 121: 120: 115: 109: 108: 106: 105: 75: 73: 69: 68: 64: 63: 55: 54: 51: 47: 46: 38: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10665: 10654: 10651: 10649: 10646: 10644: 10641: 10640: 10638: 10623: 10619: 10616: 10614: 10611: 10608: 10604: 10603: 10600: 10597: 10595: 10592: 10589: 10585: 10584: 10581: 10578: 10576: 10573: 10570: 10566: 10565: 10563: 10561: 10555: 10548: 10547: 10542: 10539: 10536: 10535: 10530: 10527: 10523: 10520: 10519: 10518: 10515: 10512: 10511: 10506: 10503: 10501: 10499: 10494: 10492: 10490: 10486: 10482: 10479: 10477: 10474: 10472: 10469: 10467: 10464: 10463: 10461: 10458: 10457: 10452: 10449: 10448: 10446: 10444: 10440: 10434: 10431: 10429: 10426: 10425: 10423: 10421: 10417: 10410: 10409: 10404: 10401: 10400: 10398: 10396: 10392: 10385: 10384: 10379: 10376: 10373: 10372: 10367: 10364: 10361: 10360: 10355: 10352: 10349: 10348: 10343: 10340: 10337: 10336: 10331: 10328: 10325: 10324: 10319: 10315: 10312: 10309: 10308: 10303: 10300: 10299: 10297: 10295: 10291: 10286: 10279: 10274: 10272: 10267: 10265: 10260: 10259: 10256: 10236: 10233: 10232: 10230: 10228: 10227: 10222: 10216: 10213: 10209: 10206: 10205: 10204: 10201: 10200: 10198: 10196: 10195: 10194:Rhabdoviridae 10190: 10187: 10181: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10162: 10160: 10158: 10157: 10152: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10132: 10130: 10128: 10127: 10122: 10116: 10115: 10111: 10110: 10108: 10106: 10105: 10104:Herpesviridae 10100: 10097: 10095: 10089: 10077: 10074: 10072: 10069: 10068: 10067: 10064: 10062: 10059: 10058: 10056: 10054: 10053: 10052:Coronaviridae 10048: 10040: 10037: 10035: 10032: 10031: 10030: 10027: 10026: 10024: 10022: 10021: 10016: 10010: 10007: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9990: 9988: 9985: 9984: 9983: 9980: 9979: 9977: 9975: 9974: 9973:Rhabdoviridae 9969: 9961: 9958: 9956: 9953: 9952: 9951: 9948: 9944: 9941: 9939: 9936: 9934: 9931: 9929: 9926: 9925: 9924: 9921: 9920: 9918: 9916: 9915: 9910: 9907: 9905: 9899: 9889: 9888: 9884: 9883: 9881: 9879: 9878: 9877:Herpesviridae 9873: 9865: 9862: 9860: 9857: 9856: 9855: 9852: 9848: 9845: 9843: 9840: 9838: 9835: 9833: 9830: 9828: 9825: 9823: 9820: 9819: 9818: 9815: 9814: 9812: 9810: 9809: 9804: 9798: 9795: 9793: 9790: 9785: 9784: 9783: 9780: 9776: 9773: 9772: 9771: 9768: 9764: 9761: 9760: 9759: 9756: 9751: 9750: 9749: 9746: 9742: 9739: 9738: 9737: 9733: 9730: 9729: 9727: 9725: 9724: 9719: 9716: 9714: 9708: 9705: 9703: 9697: 9683: 9680: 9679: 9677: 9675: 9674: 9673:Rhabdoviridae 9669: 9663: 9660: 9656: 9655:Toscana virus 9653: 9652: 9651: 9648: 9644: 9641: 9640: 9639: 9636: 9633: 9630: 9629: 9627: 9625: 9624: 9619: 9616: 9614: 9608: 9598: 9595: 9590: 9589: 9588: 9585: 9584: 9582: 9580: 9579: 9574: 9568: 9567:Bourbon virus 9565: 9564: 9562: 9560: 9559: 9554: 9545: 9544: 9543: 9540: 9536: 9533: 9530: 9529: 9528: 9525: 9520: 9519: 9518: 9514: 9511: 9507: 9504: 9503: 9502: 9499: 9495: 9492: 9491: 9490: 9486: 9483: 9482: 9480: 9478: 9477: 9472: 9466: 9462: 9459: 9457: 9454: 9451: 9447: 9444: 9442: 9439: 9436: 9432: 9429: 9428: 9426: 9424: 9423: 9418: 9415: 9413: 9407: 9397: 9394: 9393: 9391: 9389: 9388: 9383: 9377: 9374: 9370: 9367: 9366: 9365: 9362: 9358: 9357:Sindbis virus 9355: 9354: 9353: 9350: 9345: 9344: 9343: 9340: 9336: 9333: 9332: 9331: 9328: 9323: 9322: 9321: 9318: 9313: 9312: 9311: 9308: 9303: 9302: 9301: 9297: 9294: 9293: 9291: 9289: 9288: 9283: 9275: 9272: 9271: 9270: 9267: 9263: 9260: 9259: 9258: 9255: 9251: 9248: 9247: 9246: 9242: 9239: 9238: 9233: 9230: 9229: 9228: 9225: 9220: 9219: 9218: 9215: 9210: 9209: 9208: 9205: 9201: 9198: 9196: 9193: 9192: 9191: 9188: 9184: 9181: 9180: 9179: 9175: 9172: 9171: 9169: 9167: 9166: 9161: 9152: 9151: 9150: 9147: 9142: 9141: 9140: 9137: 9132: 9131: 9130: 9126: 9123: 9122: 9119: 9116: 9111: 9110: 9109: 9106: 9101: 9100: 9099: 9096: 9094: 9091: 9086: 9085: 9084: 9081: 9076: 9075: 9074: 9071: 9066: 9065: 9064: 9060: 9057: 9056: 9054: 9052: 9051: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9035: 9032: 9030: 9024: 9019: 9015: 9012: 9005: 9000: 8998: 8993: 8991: 8986: 8985: 8982: 8975: 8971: 8968: 8965: 8962: 8961: 8951: 8947: 8944: 8942: 8938: 8937: 8933: 8932: 8929: 8925: 8918: 8914: 8913: 8909: 8907: 8903: 8902: 8898: 8896: 8892: 8891: 8887: 8883: 8881: 8877: 8876: 8872: 8868: 8866: 8862: 8861: 8857: 8853: 8852: 8849: 8844: 8840: 8817: 8813: 8809: 8802: 8794: 8790: 8786: 8779: 8771: 8767: 8763: 8756: 8747: 8743: 8738: 8733: 8729: 8725: 8721: 8717: 8713: 8709: 8705: 8703: 8694: 8686: 8682: 8678: 8671: 8663: 8659: 8654: 8649: 8645: 8641: 8637: 8633: 8629: 8622: 8614: 8610: 8605: 8600: 8595: 8590: 8586: 8582: 8578: 8571: 8563: 8559: 8554: 8549: 8545: 8541: 8537: 8533: 8529: 8525: 8521: 8514: 8506: 8502: 8497: 8492: 8488: 8484: 8480: 8476: 8472: 8465: 8457: 8453: 8449: 8445: 8440: 8435: 8431: 8427: 8423: 8419: 8415: 8408: 8406: 8390: 8386: 8382: 8378: 8371: 8363: 8359: 8354: 8349: 8345: 8341: 8340:Intervirology 8337: 8330: 8314: 8310: 8306: 8299: 8280: 8273: 8267: 8251: 8247: 8243: 8236: 8220: 8216: 8212: 8206: 8198: 8194: 8190: 8186: 8182: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8164: 8160: 8157:(7593): 153. 8156: 8152: 8148: 8141: 8133: 8129: 8125: 8118: 8110: 8106: 8102: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8084: 8080: 8076: 8069: 8061: 8057: 8053: 8049: 8044: 8039: 8035: 8031: 8027: 8020: 8012: 8008: 8004: 7997: 7981: 7977: 7976: 7971: 7964: 7962: 7954: 7950: 7946: 7945:Science Alert 7942: 7936: 7928: 7924: 7920: 7913: 7905: 7901: 7897: 7890: 7874: 7870: 7866: 7865: 7860: 7854: 7846: 7842: 7837: 7832: 7828: 7824: 7820: 7813: 7805: 7801: 7800: 7795: 7788: 7780: 7776: 7772: 7768: 7763: 7758: 7754: 7750: 7746: 7739: 7737: 7728: 7724: 7720: 7716: 7712: 7708: 7704: 7700: 7696: 7692: 7685: 7683: 7674: 7670: 7664: 7656: 7652: 7651: 7646: 7640: 7632: 7628: 7623: 7618: 7613: 7608: 7604: 7600: 7599: 7594: 7587: 7571: 7567: 7563: 7556: 7540: 7536: 7532: 7526: 7524: 7522: 7505: 7501: 7497: 7490: 7474: 7470: 7466: 7459: 7457: 7440: 7436: 7432: 7425: 7409: 7405: 7401: 7394: 7378: 7374: 7373: 7368: 7361: 7345: 7341: 7340: 7335: 7328: 7326: 7317: 7313: 7308: 7303: 7299: 7295: 7291: 7284: 7276: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7258: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7240: 7236: 7232: 7225: 7217: 7213: 7208: 7203: 7199: 7195: 7190: 7185: 7181: 7177: 7173: 7166: 7158: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7140: 7136: 7132: 7128: 7124: 7117: 7109: 7105: 7101: 7097: 7092: 7087: 7083: 7079: 7075: 7068: 7060: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7042: 7038: 7034: 7027: 7025: 7008: 7004: 7000: 6999: 6994: 6987: 6971: 6967: 6963: 6957: 6941: 6937: 6936: 6931: 6924: 6908: 6904: 6903: 6898: 6891: 6875: 6871: 6867: 6861: 6853: 6847: 6839: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6821: 6817: 6810: 6802: 6798: 6792: 6784: 6780: 6779: 6774: 6768: 6760: 6756: 6751: 6746: 6742: 6738: 6734: 6730: 6726: 6719: 6700: 6693: 6687: 6685: 6668: 6664: 6660: 6654: 6638: 6634: 6630: 6623: 6607: 6603: 6599: 6593: 6573: 6567: 6565: 6556: 6552: 6547: 6542: 6539:(23): 21153. 6538: 6534: 6527: 6520: 6512: 6508: 6504: 6498: 6482: 6478: 6474: 6468: 6460: 6456: 6452: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6434: 6430: 6426: 6419: 6403: 6399: 6395: 6391: 6387: 6380: 6372: 6368: 6364: 6359: 6354: 6350: 6346: 6342: 6335: 6327: 6323: 6318: 6313: 6309: 6305: 6301: 6297: 6293: 6289: 6285: 6281: 6277: 6269: 6261: 6257: 6252: 6247: 6242: 6237: 6233: 6229: 6225: 6218: 6210: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6192: 6188: 6184: 6177: 6175: 6156: 6149: 6147: 6138: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6120: 6116: 6112: 6105: 6097: 6093: 6089: 6085: 6081: 6077: 6073: 6069: 6062: 6047: 6043: 6037: 6029: 6025: 6021: 6017: 6013: 6009: 6004: 5999: 5995: 5991: 5987: 5979: 5971: 5967: 5963: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5947: 5943: 5939: 5932: 5924: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5906: 5902: 5898: 5891: 5889: 5880: 5876: 5872: 5868: 5864: 5860: 5856: 5852: 5848: 5844: 5837: 5829: 5825: 5821: 5817: 5813: 5809: 5805: 5801: 5797: 5793: 5786: 5778: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5760: 5756: 5752: 5748: 5744: 5740: 5736: 5729: 5727: 5719: 5715: 5712: 5706: 5698: 5694: 5690: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5672: 5668: 5664: 5657: 5642: 5638: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5610: 5606: 5602: 5595: 5580: 5576: 5569: 5553: 5549: 5545: 5538: 5531: 5527: 5524: 5523: 5516: 5508: 5504: 5499: 5494: 5490: 5486: 5482: 5475: 5467: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5449: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5431: 5427: 5423: 5416: 5408: 5404: 5400: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5374: 5367: 5359: 5355: 5351: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5333: 5329: 5325: 5318: 5310: 5304: 5296: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5278: 5274: 5270: 5263: 5255: 5249: 5241: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5223: 5219: 5215: 5208: 5192: 5188: 5184: 5177: 5161: 5157: 5153: 5146: 5130: 5126: 5120: 5104: 5100: 5096: 5092: 5088: 5081: 5065: 5061: 5057: 5051: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5029: 5013: 5007: 4991: 4987: 4986:wwwnc.cdc.gov 4983: 4977: 4969: 4965: 4961: 4955: 4939: 4935: 4929: 4927: 4910: 4906: 4902: 4895: 4893: 4873: 4869: 4862: 4856: 4845: 4841: 4834: 4828: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4810: 4806: 4805:Aedes aegypti 4798: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4766: 4749: 4745: 4739: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4709: 4707: 4691: 4687: 4681: 4679: 4677: 4675: 4673: 4671: 4662: 4658: 4653: 4648: 4645:(34): 917–9. 4644: 4640: 4636: 4629: 4621: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4561: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4541: 4536: 4531: 4527: 4523: 4519: 4512: 4510: 4508: 4506: 4504: 4502: 4493: 4489: 4485: 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1987: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1970: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1909: 1907: 1905: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1897: 1895: 1893: 1891: 1889: 1880: 1876: 1871: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1847: 1845: 1843: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1787: 1785: 1783: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1775: 1773: 1771: 1769: 1767: 1765: 1763: 1746: 1742: 1736: 1734: 1732: 1730: 1728: 1726: 1724: 1722: 1720: 1715: 1706: 1703: 1702: 1698: 1692: 1687: 1680: 1678: 1674: 1673:Aedes aegypti 1670: 1666: 1662: 1657: 1653: 1651: 1650:Aedes aegypti 1647: 1643: 1642: 1631: 1629: 1625: 1620: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1605: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1586: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1573:Early in the 1561: 1559: 1549: 1545: 1543: 1538: 1536: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1518: 1516: 1511: 1509: 1504: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1480: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1459: 1455: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1440: 1436: 1430: 1426: 1424: 1413: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1388: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1368: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1338:Aedes aegypti 1334: 1331: 1325: 1321: 1319: 1315: 1306: 1301: 1291: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1280:Easter Island 1277: 1276:New Caledonia 1273: 1267: 1257: 1255: 1254: 1248: 1244: 1238: 1228: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1189: 1180: 1178: 1174: 1164: 1160: 1158: 1157:Reye syndrome 1154: 1150: 1140: 1137: 1136: 1135:Aedes aegypti 1130: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1113: 1112: 1106: 1105: 1104:Aedes aegypti 1094: 1091: 1087: 1081: 1071: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1060:Margaret Chan 1057: 1047: 1041: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1029: 1025: 1022: 1021: 1020: 1017: 1014: 1004: 1001: 999: 995: 994:Breastfeeding 991: 986: 984: 980: 976: 968: 965: 961: 958: 955: 952: 949: 946: 942: 938: 934: 930: 927: 923: 922: 921: 909: 905: 901: 897: 896: 895: 893: 883: 881: 877: 873: 869: 868:toxoplasmosis 865: 861: 857: 853: 843: 841: 837: 833: 822: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 799: 797: 793: 789: 784: 782: 781:transaminases 778: 774: 770: 766: 761: 759: 755: 754:O'nyong'nyong 751: 750:Barmah Forest 747: 743: 739: 735: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 707: 703: 702:leptospirosis 699: 695: 685: 683: 679: 669: 666: 662: 657: 654: 649: 647: 642: 638: 633: 631: 630: 625: 624: 619: 618: 613: 612: 608: 606: 601: 600: 595: 594: 589: 588: 587:Ae. africanus 583: 582: 581:Aedes aegypti 577: 576: 565: 563: 559: 555: 552: 548: 544: 530: 526: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 507:chorioretinal 504: 500: 494: 487: 483: 474: 472: 468: 467:Schwann cells 464: 454: 452: 451:hematospermia 446: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 416: 407: 398: 396: 392: 388: 384: 379: 377: 373: 369: 365: 364:mosquito nets 361: 356: 354: 350: 346: 342: 338: 337: 332: 327: 325: 321: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 285: 281: 272: 268: 264: 261: 257: 254: 250: 246: 242: 239: 235: 232: 228: 227:leptospirosis 224: 220: 216: 213: 211: 207: 204: 201:or blood for 200: 196: 194: 190: 187: 183: 179: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 153: 151: 150:Complications 147: 143: 139: 135: 131: 128: 126: 122: 119: 116: 114: 110: 101: 77: 76: 74: 72:Pronunciation 70: 65: 61: 56: 52: 48: 43: 37: 33: 19: 10606: 10594:Epididymitis 10587: 10568: 10560:inflammation 10544: 10540: 10532: 10508: 10497: 10488: 10454: 10406: 10381: 10369: 10357: 10345: 10333: 10321: 10305: 10224: 10215:Mokola virus 10192: 10154: 10126:Retroviridae 10124: 10112: 10102: 10050: 10018: 9971: 9912: 9885: 9875: 9808:Bunyavirales 9806: 9723:Arenaviridae 9721: 9671: 9623:Bunyavirales 9621: 9576: 9556: 9542:Langat virus 9476:Flaviviridae 9474: 9465:Bhanja virus 9422:Bunyavirales 9420: 9385: 9285: 9268: 9257:Yellow fever 9245:Dengue fever 9165:Flaviviridae 9163: 9108:Tahyna virus 9073:Bwamba Fever 9050:Bunyavirales 9048: 8945: 8934: 8910: 8899: 8884: 8869: 8854: 8820:. 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Retrieved 1741:"Zika virus" 1672: 1654: 1649: 1645: 1639: 1637: 1624:inflammation 1621: 1609:microcephaly 1606: 1598:neurogenesis 1587: 1572: 1555: 1546: 1539: 1526:pyriproxyfen 1519: 1512: 1505: 1477: 1463: 1443: 1431: 1427: 1423:microcephaly 1419: 1399: 1374: 1360:microcephaly 1353: 1337: 1335: 1326: 1322: 1311: 1284:Cook Islands 1269: 1251: 1240: 1220:phylogenetic 1217: 1201:yellow fever 1194: 1183:Epidemiology 1177:microcephaly 1170: 1161: 1146: 1133: 1131: 1117: 1109: 1102: 1100: 1083: 1053: 1050:WHO response 1045: 1018: 1013:travel alert 1010: 1002: 987: 975:septic tanks 972: 919: 889: 849: 828: 800: 785: 762: 691: 675: 661:flaviviruses 658: 650: 634: 627: 621: 617:Ae. furcifer 615: 611:Ae. vittatus 609: 603: 597: 591: 585: 579: 578:, primarily 573: 571: 568:Transmission 541: 527: 503:microcephaly 496: 486:Microcephaly 460: 447: 425:(red eyes), 412: 380: 357: 334: 328: 320:microcephaly 296:dengue fever 287: 283: 279: 278: 253:male condoms 159:microcephaly 140:, headache, 36: 10599:Prostatitis 10505:Hepatitis B 10456:HIV-1/HIV-2 10330:Donovanosis 9914:Filoviridae 9736:Lassa fever 9632:Adria virus 9330:Chikungunya 9287:Togaviridae 9217:Usutu virus 9139:Ngari virus 9063:Batai virus 8936:MedlinePlus 8530:(4): e273. 8418:Burd, Irina 7986:16 February 7864:ProMED-mail 7241:(1): 3–15. 7084:(1): 1–20. 7043:: 121–128. 7013:16 February 6708:11 February 6582:24 December 6163:19 November 6051:19 November 6046:www.who.int 5166:24 December 5018:21 February 4996:2 September 4881:28 February 4695:19 November 4690:www.who.int 4209:24 December 3484:24 December 2724:(1): 9951. 2533:(1): 3–15. 2218:24 December 1928:22 December 1402:Zika Forest 1346:continental 1231:Yap Islands 1225:WHO Regions 979:insecticide 874:infection, 870:, rubella, 760:viruses)." 730:enterovirus 694:arboviruses 659:Like other 560:, the main 441:fever. The 439:chikungunya 376:paracetamol 215:Chikungunya 161:in the baby 50:Other names 10653:Zika virus 10637:Categories 10618:Urethritis 10575:Cervicitis 10546:Zika virus 10541:Zika fever 10428:Crab louse 10226:Poxviridae 10156:Poxviridae 10076:SARS-CoV-2 9578:Reoviridae 9456:Tete virus 9387:Reoviridae 9269:Zika fever 9118:Tete virus 9016:(A80–B34, 8912:DiseasesDB 8906:D000071243 8638:(3): e13. 8394:1 December 7879:8 February 7823:The Lancet 7598:The Lancet 7350:24 January 7182:(1): 188. 7078:Cladistics 6976:1 February 6946:2 February 6913:1 February 6880:2 February 6729:The Lancet 6673:4 February 6643:4 February 6602:BBC Brasil 6408:9 December 5605:Pediatrics 5584:20 January 5197:23 January 5135:8 February 5109:8 February 5070:8 February 4915:16 January 4470:(5): 1–6. 3967:The Lancet 3631:(4): 405. 3335:1 February 3190:The Lancet 3115:(1): 112. 2775:The Lancet 2485:30 January 2312:3 February 1751:3 February 1711:References 1656:Gene drive 1590:stem cells 1501:Pernambuco 1479:The Lancet 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