417:... SafeSport has also instituted an appeals process unlike that even afforded criminal defendants. Rather than reviewing sanctions imposed by the Center for an abuse of discretion, as is required by the SafeSport Code, SafeSport gives respondents the right to what is effectively an entirely new fact-finding process, requiring the claimant to go through the process all over again. As a practical matter, respondents use the right to appeal to take another bite at the apple, in the hope that claimants will not want to rehash their claims.
1633:
1647:
1661:
97:. Investigators identified and reviewed more than 89,000 relevant documents, created a hotline for anonymous reporting of relevant information, and conducted more than 200 interviews of current and former coaches, front office staff, owners, and players from eleven current and former NWSL teams, NWSL employees, player labor union representatives, USSF personnel, and representatives from the
321:
The report also noted that it had received reports beyond the scope of its NWSL investigation that suggested the scope of its systemic abuse issues extended into
American youth soccer, where many NWSL coaches had previously worked, or owned, operated, or directed youth clubs. The report suggested the
241:
The report further alleged that the Thorns conducted an investigation into multiple player reports of Riley's behavior, but that the Thorns internal investigative report omitted significant details reported by players. The report also noted that the Thorns privately fired Riley but publicly described
232:
took no action after responses to an anonymous player survey repeated the complaints; and that Plush, Gulati, Flynn, and Levine again took no action after directly receiving a player's detailed report of Riley's behavior, including details omitted by the Thorns from its investigative report, in 2015.
400:
The section suggested that SafeSport's practice of administratively closing most of its investigations without publishing findings or public records or allegations, and a lack of clarity around SafeSport's jurisdictional control, discouraged the NWSL and USSF from taking its own disciplinary actions
405:
Of those (1,509 claims investigated in the year from July 1, 2019, to June 30, 2020, SafeSport) administratively closed 515 cases, put 115 cases on administrative hold, and closed 720 claims based on jurisdiction. Of the 1,509 claims, just 122 led to a formal resolution, whereby SafeSport completed
109:
The report included detailed allegations of systemic sexual and emotional abuse by former managers of the NWSL, as well as failures at team, league, and USSF leadership levels in responding to player reports of abuse. The report alleged that coaches and managers implicated in abusive behaviors were
440:
s publication, and after 18 months of investigation, SafeSport had lifted USSF's suspension of Dames' coaching license while continuing to investigate him, and USSF president Parlow Cone said SafeSport had refused to share its findings or reasoning with USSF, contra Yates' recommendations. Armour
299:
The report alleged that
Portland Thorns FC, Racing Louisville FC, and Chicago Red Stars impeded Yates' investigation, with the Thorns interfering with witness access and using legal arguments to impede access of relevant documents, the Red Stars taking more than eight months to produce relevant
121:
The report noted that the league did not have an anti-harassment policy until players demanded one in 2021, nor did it have an anti-retaliation policy or an anti-fraternization policy. It cited the USSF's rushed launch of the league, which deprived it of infrastructure, policies, and planning
517:
The league also fined the Red Stars $ 1.5 million, Portland Thorns FC $ 1 million, Racing
Louisville FC $ 200,000, North Carolina Courage $ 100,000, OL Reign $ 50,000, and NJ/NY Gotham FC (formerly Sky Blue FC) $ 50,000. It also required North Carolina and Louisville to hire a sporting staff
441:
also noted that SafeSport had obstructed USSF's attempts to reform its licensing and vetting processes over jurisdictional concerns, and also suggested contradictions from SafeSport CEO Ju’Riese Colon on whether anyone from SafeSport had been interviewed for the report as Yates had claimed.
281:
The report also alleged that players, staff, and coaches engaged in inappropriate fraternization that chilled reporting of abuse or normalized it to the point of players being unable to recognize it. The report noted that Riley, Dames, and Holly had all married former players, which further
290:
The report noted that many teams lacked human resource departments, and that league roster rules and policies led to a lack of job security that enabled retaliation and further chilled player reports of misconduct. The report also suggested that the entities' focus on sustaining the league
257:
More broadly, the report noted a systemic lack of communication between teams, the NWSL, and USSF of misconduct, and a lack of independent reporting functions for players to effectively escalate their concerns without fear of inaction or retaliation.
334:
recommended several actions for teams, the NWSL, and USSF to take toward improving transparency, accountability, rule clarity, player safety and respect, feedback mechanisms, youth soccer measures, discipline, and its interaction with SafeSport.
312:
The report also noted that failures by teams, the league, and the USSF tacitly allowed misconduct to continue, which endangered additional players after the fact and further encouraged retaliation against whistleblowers.
431:
that criticized SafeSport as "a false front … little more than another coverup operation, a litigation-avoidance ploy and bottomless pit into which to dump complaints and disguise inaction." In May 2023,
167:
manager Paul Riley, accused of sexual coercion and harassment of multiple players dating back to previous professional leagues, as well as interfering with players' treatment and weight-shaming players
153:, who he managed at Sky Blue; alleged sexual harassment and abuse of another player he managed at both Sky Blue and Racing Louisville FC; and verbal and emotional abuse of multiple players across teams
122:
appropriate for a professional sports league despite incidents of harassment, fraternization, and abuse in previous professional and amateur women's and youth soccer leagues in the United States.
181:
The report included detailed allegations of abuse and misconduct, extending beyond sexual abuse and harassment to verbally abusive coaching and insufficient boundaries between staff and players.
355:
USSF should require the NWSL to conduct annual training for players and coaches on applicable policies governing verbal and emotional abuse, sexual misconduct, harassment, and retaliation.
1453:
1001:
377:
Teams, the NWSL and USSF should not rely exclusively on SafeSport to keep players safe and should implement safety measures where necessary to protect players in the USSF landscape.
406:
its investigation and either closed the matter or issued a decision finding a violation of the SafeSport Code. In other words, SafeSport reached a formal resolution in just
204:
The report alleged that the USSF took no action after United States national team players submitted allegations of abusive behavior by Riley directly to then-USSF president
349:
USSF should require the NWSL to conduct timely investigations into allegations of abuse, impose appropriate discipline, and immediately disseminate investigation outcomes.
1060:
177:, accused of verbal and emotional abuse of multiple players extending to his time in youth soccer, and inappropriate sexual comments to and relationships with players
1474:
1033:
Report of the
Independent Investigation to the U.S. Soccer Federation Concerning Allegations of Abusive Behavior and Sexual Misconduct in Women's Professional Soccer
586:
Report of the
Independent Investigation to the U.S. Soccer Federation Concerning Allegations of Abusive Behavior and Sexual Misconduct in Women's Professional Soccer
455:
After the report's release, NWSL commissioner
Jessica Berman emphasized the renewed importance of the parallel investigation being conducted jointly by the NWSL and
30:
Report of the
Independent Investigation to the U.S. Soccer Federation Concerning Allegations of Abusive Behavior and Sexual Misconduct in Women's Professional Soccer
792:
367:
USSF should collaborate with its youth member organizations and other stakeholders to examine whether additional measures are necessary to protect youth players.
881:
820:
1446:
1092:
942:
352:
USSF should adopt uniform and clear policies and codes of conduct that apply to all
Organization Members and are found in single place on USSF's website.
1664:
1407:
463:
reappeared in that investigation's report, which also detailed additional allegations of harassment and abusive or inappropriate behavior by managers.
278:, and other anonymous players who feared further retaliation if their names were attached to the investigation or subsequent journalistic reporting.
643:
1428:
1053:
466:
Following the release of the NWSL/NWSLPA joint investigative report in
January 2023, the NWSL permanently banned Riley, Holly, Dames, and former
266:
The report alleged that players who reported abuse and misbehavior were traded, released, threatened, or otherwise retaliated against, including
229:
196:
allegedly attempting to discuss the illicit distribution of a United States women's national team player's nude photographs with Thorns players.
613:
225:
970:
585:
1718:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1319:
1312:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1284:
483:
221:
142:
1414:
189:
1713:
1703:
1636:
1046:
750:
1693:
1031:
346:
USSF should require meaningful vetting of coaches and, when necessary, use its licensing authority to hold wrongdoers accountable.
1688:
1650:
421:
The section generated public criticism of SafeSport from journalists who covered the allegations. In
October 2022, journalist
358:
USSF, the NWSL, and teams should each designate an individual within their organizations who is responsible for player safety.
371:
781:
322:
culture of abuse and players' reluctance to report misconduct originated in similar power imbalances at the youth level.
394:
387:
98:
242:
his exit as a contract non-renewal and thanked him for his service to the team. The report also noted that Thorns and
1698:
1400:
1069:
913:
722:
691:
282:"desensitized the system about power imbalances" and systematically normalized power imbalances that fostered abuse.
38:
110:
defended or further enabled by owners, and also allowed to continue to work in the sport due to inaction from USSF.
849:
1460:
1101:
723:"Investigation finds 'systemic,' 'heartbreaking' abuse in women's soccer, and failures at highest level of sport"
42:
1002:"NWSL permanently bans four coaches, including Paul Riley, and drops the hammer with team fines and suspensions"
393:
The report dedicated a separate section of its recommendations to the NWSL's and USSF's intersections with the
54:
1609:
1481:
370:
The NWSL should determine whether discipline is warranted in light of these findings and the findings of the
1467:
450:
1535:
1083:
499:
1528:
1514:
71:
The independent investigation was commissioned by the USSF on October 2, 2021, following a report by
782:"'Nobody cares': NWSL players say U.S. Soccer failed to act on abuse claims against Red Stars coach"
1570:
1563:
456:
301:
364:
USSF should require the NWSL to implement a system to annually solicit and act on player feedback.
33:, is the official report documenting the findings and conclusions concerning abusive behavior and
1591:
1584:
1542:
1488:
82:
66:
692:"Yates report explained: Key findings on Holly, Riley and Dames abuse, what's next for the NWSL"
1708:
1577:
1549:
1249:
1163:
251:
160:
156:
1184:
134:
1038:
943:"U.S. Center for SafeSport was created to protect athletes from abuse. But is it working?"
8:
1149:
919:
787:
427:
1393:
1177:
855:
821:"NWSL investigation explained: Yates report finds systemic abuse in USA women's soccer"
592:
213:
164:
78:
50:
304:
to justify preventing current and former employee witnesses from answering questions.
1646:
1212:
1191:
1135:
825:
467:
185:
170:
86:
34:
1521:
1198:
618:
479:
271:
243:
184:
It also described a culture of misconduct at clubs, such as then-Thorns head coach
1257:
1156:
507:
247:
193:
150:
138:
94:
882:"Yates report makes NWSL abuse investigation even more important - commissioner"
751:"U.S. Soccer releases Yates report detailing 'systemic' abuse in women's soccer"
644:"U.S. Soccer hires Sally Yates for NWSL probe; league names executive committee"
300:
documents, and Louisville refusing to provide documents about Holly and using a
291:
financially blinded them from addressing these systemic player safety problems.
1496:
1421:
1265:
487:
475:
275:
1682:
1386:
1170:
1121:
908:
727:
422:
217:
188:
reporting allegedly sexually harassing comments from Thorns head of business
146:
1556:
1142:
649:
495:
471:
205:
73:
971:"NWSL investigation finds 'ongoing misconduct' at more than half of clubs"
361:
USSF should strengthen player safety requirements in professional leagues.
1379:
1230:
1205:
46:
212:, who had forwarded the complaints to USSF then-chief executive officer
1006:
511:
209:
174:
53:
partner who led the investigation who had previously served as acting
947:
914:"Another 'report' on abuse in women's sports. When is enough enough?"
758:
503:
433:
343:
and USSF to ensure that abusive coaches do not move from team to team
267:
90:
491:
316:
339:
Teams should be required to accurately disclose misconduct to the
130:
The report focused on reports of alleged abuse by three coaches:
1128:
386:
The report found that the league's and USSF's reliance on the
614:"Report: Former NWSL coach accused of misconduct decades ago"
307:
116:
390:
for player safety instead further exposed players to risks.
1068:
975:
886:
696:
340:
224:. It also alleged that Bailey, Gulati, Flynn, USSF counsel
41:(NWSL). The 173-page report was publicly released by the
486:
until 2025; and conditionally suspended former coaches
401:
or sharing details from player allegations internally.
199:
436:
reporter Nancy Armour noted that six months after the
285:
149:, accused of engaging in a romantic relationship with
850:"The Yates Report Isn't the End. It's Just the Start"
412:
of all the cases it investigated during that period.
37:
in women's professional soccer, with a focus on the
912:
848:
780:
642:
1680:
875:
873:
317:Scope extending beyond professional adult soccer
294:
236:
125:
995:
993:
685:
683:
681:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
814:
812:
810:
778:
250:endorsed him for a new role as manager of the
1054:
870:
716:
714:
990:
664:
261:
807:
779:Hensley-Clancy, Molly (November 22, 2021).
742:
45:(USSF) on October 3, 2022. It is named for
16:2022 United States Soccer Federation report
1061:
1047:
711:
308:Failed responses encouraging further abuse
143:United States women's national soccer team
117:Lack of fundamental player safety measures
748:
113:The report recognized nine key findings:
968:
879:
720:
689:
451:2021 NWSL abuse scandal § Aftermath
999:
907:
640:
579:
577:
575:
573:
571:
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
559:
557:
555:
553:
551:
1681:
940:
795:from the original on November 29, 2021
549:
547:
545:
543:
541:
539:
537:
535:
533:
531:
506:; and former Orlando Pride head coach
1042:
901:
846:
583:
1719:Sports scandals in the United States
1660:
969:Carlisle, Jeff (December 14, 2022).
818:
381:
200:Inaction by NWSL and USSF leadership
1000:Herrera, Sandra (January 9, 2023).
880:Carlisle, Jeff (October 22, 2022).
749:Vertelney, Seth (October 3, 2022).
721:Bushnell, Henry (October 3, 2022).
584:Yates, Sally Q. (October 3, 2022).
528:
286:Lack of job security and protection
228:, and USSF chief operating officer
13:
1714:Association football controversies
690:Carlisle, Jeff (October 4, 2022).
510:and her assistants Sam Greene and
395:United States Center for SafeSport
388:United States Center for SafeSport
325:
104:
99:United States Center for SafeSport
14:
1730:
1025:
459:. Many of the allegations in the
1659:
1645:
1632:
1631:
641:Linehan, Meg (October 4, 2021).
518:independent of its men's teams.
482:and Sky Blue FC general manager
220:, and NWSL then-general counsel
1694:United States Soccer Federation
962:
934:
847:Smith, Rory (October 7, 2022).
372:NWSL/NWSLPA Joint Investigation
216:, NWSL then-executive director
43:United States Soccer Federation
1704:National Women's Soccer League
1071:National Women's Soccer League
941:Armour, Nancy (May 22, 2023).
840:
819:Bonn, Kyle (October 3, 2022).
772:
634:
606:
55:United States Attorney General
39:National Women's Soccer League
1:
1689:Sexual misconduct allegations
521:
295:Obstruction of investigations
237:Enablement of accused coaches
126:Systemic abuse and harassment
60:
444:
7:
10:
1735:
448:
64:
1626:
1601:
1506:
1438:
1371:
1276:
1241:
1222:
1113:
1078:
262:Whistleblower retaliation
1699:Sexual assault in sports
1482:Under-18 Entry Mechanism
457:NWSL Players Association
302:non-disclosure agreement
89:and coercion of players
67:2021 NWSL abuse scandal
1536:Goalkeeper of the Year
1250:Western New York Flash
1164:North Carolina Courage
1085:Records and statistics
419:
414:
252:Western New York Flash
161:Western New York Flash
157:North Carolina Courage
1557:Best XI and Second XI
415:
403:
246:then-general manager
1529:Defender of the Year
1515:Most Valuable Player
1185:Racing Louisville FC
135:Racing Louisville FC
27:, officially titled
1571:Rookie of the Month
1564:Player of the Month
1447:Players Association
1150:Kansas City Current
1094:Players Association
920:The Washington Post
911:(October 3, 2022).
788:The Washington Post
593:King & Spalding
474:; suspended former
428:The Washington Post
192:, and Thorns owner
51:King & Spalding
1585:Player of the Week
1543:Rookie of the Year
1489:Federation players
1178:Portland Thorns FC
856:The New York Times
622:. February 9, 2022
425:wrote a column in
165:Portland Thorns FC
1676:
1675:
1610:Sexual harassment
1578:Team of the Month
1550:Coach of the Year
1213:Washington Spirit
1192:San Diego Wave FC
1136:Chicago Red Stars
826:The Sporting News
468:Washington Spirit
382:Role of SafeSport
208:and then-manager
186:Cindy Parlow Cone
171:Chicago Red Stars
145:opposition scout
87:sexual harassment
35:sexual misconduct
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480:Craig Harrington
272:Samantha Johnson
244:Portland Timbers
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755:Pro Soccer Wire
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508:Amanda Cromwell
453:
447:
384:
328:
326:Recommendations
319:
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297:
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264:
248:Gavin Wilkinson
239:
202:
194:Merritt Paulson
151:Christie Pearce
128:
119:
107:
105:Report findings
95:Sinead Farrelly
79:Portland Thorns
69:
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1497:Jessica Berman
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1266:FC Kansas City
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1024:
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909:Jenkins, Sally
900:
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500:James Clarkson
488:Farid Benstiti
476:Utah Royals FC
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65:Main article:
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1709:2022 scandals
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1242:Former teams
1143:Houston Dash
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1522:Golden Boot
1380:NWSL Shield
1372:Competition
1231:NWSL Boston
1223:Future team
1206:Utah Royals
1103:U.S. Soccer
484:Alyse LaHue
478:head coach
470:head coach
222:Lisa Levine
159:and former
139:Sky Blue FC
137:and former
77:about then-
47:Sally Yates
1683:Categories
1666:Multimedia
1415:Attendance
1401:Summer Cup
1007:CBS Sports
656:October 8,
626:October 8,
591:(Report).
522:References
512:Aline Reis
449:See also:
210:Jill Ellis
190:Mike Golub
175:Rory Dames
83:Paul Riley
61:Background
1491:(2013–21)
1439:Personnel
1422:Expansion
1268:(2013–17)
1260:(2013–17)
1252:(2013–16)
948:USA Today
759:USA Today
504:Vera Pauw
494:, former
445:Aftermath
434:USA Today
409:8 percent
268:Mana Shim
214:Dan Flynn
91:Mana Shim
1638:Category
1454:Draftees
1408:Stadiums
1387:Playoffs
1013:July 19,
982:July 19,
954:July 19,
926:July 18,
893:July 13,
862:July 18,
832:July 18,
799:July 18,
793:Archived
764:July 18,
734:July 19,
703:July 13,
598:July 18,
492:OL Reign
173:manager
81:manager
1277:Seasons
1652:Portal
1507:Awards
1475:Owners
1461:Drafts
1233:(2026)
1129:Bay FC
49:, the
589:(PDF)
1362:2024
1355:2023
1348:2022
1341:2021
1334:2020
1327:2019
1320:2018
1313:2017
1306:2016
1299:2015
1292:2014
1285:2013
1015:2023
984:2023
976:ESPN
956:2023
928:2023
895:2023
887:ESPN
864:2023
834:2023
801:2023
766:2023
736:2023
705:2023
697:ESPN
658:2022
628:2022
600:2023
502:and
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