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appointments, they might neglect their original jurisdictions once they return to their respective fiefs. He also pointed out the possible complications such as having to subdivide the fiefs into commanderies and counties, as well as the risk of making people unhappy since the subdividing would require relocating residents from one area to another. He further pointed out that they would need to reassign troops from the borders and place them under decentralised command in the various fiefs. When
Emperor Wu asked Xun Xu to reconsider his views, Xun Xu explained further that the best course of action was to maintain the status quo, since the redrawing of boundaries between the fiefs might lead to resentment and potential unrest if it was not carefully managed. He also pointed out that there were far more important issues that required immediate attention, so they should focus on those first. Emperor Wu thought that Xun Xu's advice was appropriate and heeded it.
859:(都水使者; an official in charge of waterworks) to deal with floods in the future. Later, on a separate occasion, he appointed his subordinates Yin Xian (伊羨) and Zhao Xian (趙咸) as Members of the Retinue (舍人) and tasked them with drafting legislation. When Emperor Wu asked him why he did so, Xun Xu explained the importance of delegating responsibilities to subordinates. He also pointed out why he believed it was redundant to have officials focusing on drafting legislation only since their duties overlap with those of other officials, so it was better to delegate such additional responsibilities to the latter group.
665:, heard of the coup and tried to enter the palace to help his brother. However, he was denied entry by Sun You (孫佑), an officer guarding the main gate, so he had to enter the palace through another gate. When Sima Zhao found out why Sima Gan showed up late, he wanted to execute Sun You and his family. However, Xun Xu advised him against it by pointing out that it would be unfair and unjust to punish Sun You's family as well. Sima Zhao heeded Xun Xu's advice and punished Sun You only, by demoting him to the status of a commoner.
803:. The invasion turned out successful and led to the reunification of China under the Jin dynasty. When Emperor Wu assessed Xun Xu's contributions in helping him draft imperial edicts, he rewarded Xun Xu by enfeoffing one of his sons as a village marquis with 1,000 taxable households in his marquisate and awarding him 1,000 rolls of silk. The emperor also enfeoffed Xun Xu's grandson, Xun Xian (荀顯), as the Marquis of Yingyang Village (潁陽亭侯).
727:. Sima Zhao had previously ordered his subordinates to draft the letter to Sun Hao. Among the numerous drafts he read, he eventually chose the one written by Xun Xu. Sun Hao agreed to make peace with Wei after reading the letter. Sima Zhao remarked that Xun Xu's letter had the power equivalent to that of an army of 100,000. In mid 264, the fifth Wei emperor,
863:
gain greater respect. Wu Tong (武統), his son-in-law, also urged him to attract people to support him. However, Xun Xu refused to listen to them and he warned his sons against forming their own political clouts and forgetting their place as subjects of the emperor. Later, Emperor Wu promoted Xun Xu to be the
Prefect of the Masters of Writing (尚書令).
915:. In this way, Jia Chong, as the crown prince's father-in-law, would have to remain in Luoyang. Xun Xu and Feng Dan then sang praises of Jia Chong's daughter in front of Emperor Wu and managed to convince him to arrange the marriage. Many officials were disgusted by Xun Xu's fawning behaviour and called him a sycophant.
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and was in charge of state secrets for a long time. He was not only a talented writer, but also a deep thinker who understood very well his place as a subject of his lord. He knew what his lord expected of him and adapted his behaviour accordingly to please his lord. That was why he managed to remain
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In another incident, when
Emperor Wu wanted to depose Jia Nanfeng from the position of crown prince's consort, Xun Xu and Feng Dan immediately went to plead with the emperor to reconsider his decision and eventually succeeded in dissuading him from deposing Jia Nanfeng. Many people believed that Xun
687:. At the time, Sima Zhao only heard rumours about the rebellion and had no concrete evidence yet. As he had all along treated Zhong Hui well, he was reluctant to believe that Zhong would rebel against him. After Xun Xu cautioned him against trusting Zhong Hui, Sima Zhao led his forces to garrison at
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In one instance, Xun Xu was dining beside
Emperor Wu when he told everyone that the food they were eating was cooked with fire created from wood that has undergone much "hardship". Everyone did not believe him, so the emperor summoned the chef and asked him. The chef said that he used wood from the
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Xun Xu was careful and cautious in his behaviour. Whenever policy changes were announced, if he played a role in lobbying for those changes, he would keep quiet about his involvement. Xun Liang (荀良), one of his younger relatives, advised him to let others know the good deeds he did so that he would
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and gave a long explanation on why he believed that the best solution was to reduce the layers of bureaucracy in the administration. He pointed out how doing so could help to discourage officials from corrupt behaviour, improve administrative efficiency, and build up greater social trust among the
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Around the time, there was much discussion in the imperial court over the issue of restoring the nobles to their fiefs and allowing them to govern from their respective fiefs. When
Emperor Wu sought his opinion, Xun Xu disapproved because he believed that since the nobles also held gubernatorial
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Xun Xu served as the
Supervisor of the Palace Writers for a long time and had access to state secrets. After he was reassigned to be the Prefect of the Masters of Writing, he felt dissatisfied and unhappy. When someone congratulated on his new appointment, he expressed his anger over losing his
672:, and assassinate Shu's leaders. Xun Xu advised Sima Zhao against using assassination because he believed that defeating Shu forces in battle was a better way of convincing the people of Shu to surrender and for Sima Zhao to gain greater prestige. Sima Zhao praised Xun Xu for his sound advice.
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mentioned that Xun Xu was enfeoffed as the
Viscount of Anyang (安陽子). However, this is most likely an error because Xun Xu was previously already a Secondary Marquis (關內侯). If he was made a viscount, it would be a "demotion" from his previous rank. Moreover, during the Jin dynasty, Emperor Wu
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Xun Xu later became the
Magistrate of Anyang County (安陽縣) and an assistant to the General of Agile Cavalry. During his tenure in Anyang County, Xun Xu gained so much respect and love from the local residents that they even built a shrine to honour him. He was subsequently held the following
1378:(時議遣王公之國，帝以問勖，勖對曰：「諸王公已為都督，而使之國，則廢方任。又分割郡縣，人心戀本，必用嗷嗷。國皆置軍，官兵還當給國，而闕邊守。」帝重使勖思之，勖又陳曰：「如詔准古方伯選才，使軍國各隨方面為都督，誠如明旨。至於割正封疆。使親疏不同誠為佳矣。然分裂舊土，猶懼多所搖動，必使人心聰擾，思惟竊宜如前。若於事不得不時有所轉封，而不至分割土域，有所損奪者，可隨宜節度。其五等體國經遠，實不成制度。然但虛名，其於實事，略與舊郡縣鄉亭無異。若造次改奪，恐不能不以為恨。今方了其大者，以為五等可須後裁度。凡事雖有久而益善者，若臨時或有不解，亦不可忽。」帝以勖言為允，多從其意。)
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to observe and evaluate Sima Zhong. Xun Xu praised Sima Zhong for being a virtuous crown prince, while He Jiao said that Sima Zhong was the same as before. He Jiao became respected for being honest about Sima Zhong, whereas Xun Xu was derided for lying in order to please the emperor.
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previous appointment. When he was serving as the
Prefect of the Masters of Writing, he evaluated his subordinates based on their performance and dismissed those who failed to live up to his expectations. Emperor Wu once told Xun Xu that he hoped that Xun Xu would learn from
819:
In the
Taikang era (280–289), Emperor Wu issued an imperial edict to praise Xun Xu for his talents and contributions, and said that he was capable of assuming greater responsibilities. He then appointed Xun Xu as a Household Counsellor (光祿大夫) to be treated like one of the
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Xun Xu had ten sons. Among them, the notable ones were Xun Ji (荀輯), Xun Fan (荀籓) and Xun Zu (荀組). Xun Ji inherited his father's marquis title and served in the Jin government, with his highest appointment being Minister of the Guards (衛尉). He was honoured with the
1430:(其後門下啟通事令史伊羨、趙咸為舍人，對掌文法。詔以問勖，勖曰：今天下幸賴陛下聖德，六合為一，望道化隆洽，垂之將來。而門下上稱程咸、張惲，下稱此等，欲以文法為政，皆愚臣所未達者。昔張釋之諫漢文，謂獸圈嗇夫不宜見用；邴吉住車，明調和陰陽之本。此二人豈不知小吏之惠，誠重惜大化也。昔魏武帝使中軍司荀攸典刑獄，明帝時猶以付內常侍。以臣所聞，明帝時唯有通事劉泰等官，不過與殿中同號耳。又頃言論者皆雲省官減事，而求益吏者相尋矣。多雲尚書郎太令史不親文書，乃委付書令史及幹，誠吏多則相倚也。增置文法之職，適恐更耗擾台閣，臣竊謂不可。」)
696:'s son). However, Sima Zhao ignored them and continued to treat Xun Xu as he did before, and even allowed Xun Xu to ride in the same carriage as him. Previously, when Sima Zhao ordered Zhong Hui to lead Wei forces to conquer Shu, Xun Xu had nominated
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period after the end of the Eastern Han dynasty. As a child, Xun Xu was a fast learner and could already write essays when he was only 10. Zhong Yao once remarked that Xun Xu would grow up to become like his great-grandfather Xun Shuang.
1046:"Marquis Jian" (簡侯) after his death. His son, Xun Jun (荀畯), succeeded him and was posthumously honoured as "Marquis Lie" (烈侯). As Xun Jun had no son to succeed him, his marquis title was passed on to his nephew, Xun Shi (荀識).
642:. None of Cao Shuang's former aides dared to collect his remains and arrange a funeral for him because they were afraid of being implicated. Xun Xu stepped up, held a funeral for Cao Shuang, and inspired others to follow him.
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also declined his. However, he still remained as a marquis under the new title "Marquis of Jibei" (濟北侯). Xun Xu was then concurrently appointed as Supervisor of the Palace Writers (中書監), Palace Attendant (侍中), and
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Around the time, the imperial court was discussing a proposal to retrench about half the number of officials in commanderies and counties to free up labour for agricultural works. Xun Xu cited examples from the
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as a precautionary measure. Guo Yi (郭奕) and Wang Shen (王深) urged Sima Zhao to banish Xun Xu because they feared that he would side with Zhong Hui, given that he was raised by the Zhong family (Zhong Hui was
1025:
from the imperial palace's collection, a set of official robes, 500,000 coins and 100 rolls of silk. He also sent an Imperial Secretary (御史) as his personal representative to attend Xun Xu's funeral.
824:, as well as allowing Xun Xu to have his own administrative office, in addition to his existing appointments as Supervisor of the Palace Writers (中書監) and Palace Attendant (侍中). Around the time,
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enfeoffed Xun Xu's grandson as a village marquis, which outranked a viscount. It does not make sense for the emperor to let a grandson outrank his grandfather in the hierarchy of nobility.
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to supervise the campaign. Later, Wei Guan played a huge role in suppressing Zhong Hui's rebellion. After Shu region had been pacified, Xun Xu followed Sima Zhao back to the Wei capital,
1404:(太康中詔曰：「勖明哲聰達，經識天序，有佐命之功，兼博洽之才。久典內任，著勳弘茂，詢事考言，謀猷允誠。宜登大位，毗贊朝政。今以勖為光祿大夫、儀同三司、開府辟召，守中書監、侍中、侯如故。」時太尉賈充、司徒李胤並薨，太子太傅又缺，勖表陳：「三公保傅，宜得其人。若使楊珧參輔東宮，必當仰稱聖意。尚書令衛瓘、吏部尚書山濤皆可為司徒。若以瓘新為令未出者，濤即其人。」帝並從之。)
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By the time Xun Xu reached adulthood, he was already a learned and knowledgeable young man. He was interested in government and politics so he started his career as an assistant to
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by promoting deserving officials and dismissing corrupt officials. A few months after Xun Xu assumed his new appointment, his mother died so he resigned and wanted to go home for
1172:
Goodman, Howard L.; Lien, Y. Edmund (April 2009). "A Third Century AD Chinese System of Di-Flute Temperament: Matching Ancient Pitch-Standards and Confronting Modal Practice".
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king, "King of Jin" (晉王). Xun Xu was appointed as a Palace Attendant (侍中), and enfeoffed as the Marquis of Anyang (安陽侯) and given 1,000 taxable households for his marquisate.
634:, the third emperor of Wei. He was subsequently reassigned to be a communications secretary in the palace secretariat. In 249, Cao Shuang was executed after losing power in
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1511:(勖久在中書，專管機事。及失之，甚罔罔悵恨。或有賀之者，勖曰：「奪我鳳皇池，諸君賀我邪！」及在尚書，課試令史以下，核其才能，有暗於文法，不能決疑處事者，即時遣出。帝嘗謂曰：「魏武帝言'荀文若之進善，不進不止；荀公達之退惡，不退不休'。二令君之美，亦望於君也。」居職月餘，以母憂上還印綬，帝不許。遣常侍周恢喻旨，勖乃奉詔視職。)
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that their status in the imperial court depended on Jia Chong's presence so they should try to stop the emperor from sending Jia Chong out of the imperial capital,
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while Xun You was Xun Xu's third cousin once removed. Xun Yu and Xun You were influential statesmen of the late Eastern Han dynasty and advisers to the warlord
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1310:(及鐘會謀反，審問未至，而外人先告之。帝待會素厚，未之信也。勖曰：「會雖受恩，然其性未可許以見得思義，不可不速為之備。」帝即出鎮長安，主簿郭奕、參軍王深以勖是會從甥，少長舅氏，勸帝斥出之。帝不納，而使勖陪乘，待之如初。先是，勖啟「伐蜀，宜以衛瓘為監軍」。及蜀中亂，賴瓘以濟。會平，還洛，與裴秀、羊祜共管機密。)
1137:, and that Zhong was still alive when he was around 10 (by East Asian reckoning). Since Zhong died in 230, Xun Xu's birth year should be in or before 221.
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Around the same time, Lu Yi (路遺), a cavalry officer, requested permission from Sima Zhao to infiltrate Wei's southwestern rival state,
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in Ji Commandery (汲郡) in 279, Emperor Wu tasked Xun Xu with copying, organising and compiling them. Xun Xu did so and created a book,
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were already dead and the position of Crown Prince's Grand Tutor (太子太傅) was vacant. Xun Xu wrote a memorial to Emperor Wu, nominating
1284:(高貴鄉公欲為變時，大將軍掾孫佑等守閶闔門。帝弟安陽侯幹聞難欲入，佑謂幹曰：「未有入者，可從東掖門。」及幹至，帝遲之，幹以狀白，帝欲族誅佑。勖諫曰：「孫佑不納安陽，誠宜深責。然事有逆順，用刑不可以喜怒為輕重。今成倅刑止其身，佑乃族誅，恐義士私議。」乃免佑為庶人。)
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879:. However, Emperor Wu denied him permission and sent Zhou Hui (周恢) to announce an imperial edict ordering him to return to his job.
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to seize back power from the regent, Sima Zhao, who had been monopolising state power since 255. Sima Zhao's younger brother,
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to replace Wei. After Sima Yan was enthroned and became historically known as Emperor Wu, he enfeoffed Xun Xu as the Duke of
799:), Xun Xu and Jia Chong strongly objected but Emperor Wu ignored them and ordered Wang Jun and others to lead Jin forces on
2942:
951:
Xun Xu was in charge of music arrangement. Some of the pieces he arranged became widespread. He once heard the sound of a
614:, who laid the foundation for the state of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. Xun Yue was an official, historian and
650:, third regent of Sima clan, official in the Hall of Records (記室). He was also ennobled as a Secondary Marquis (關內侯).
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One of Xun Xu's grandsons, Xun Xian (荀顯), was enfeoffed by Emperor Wu as the Marquis of Yingyang Village (潁陽亭侯).
1524:(充將鎮關右也，勖謂馮紞曰：「賈公遠放，吾等失勢。太子婚尚未定，若使充女得為妃，則不留而自停矣。」勖與紞伺帝間並稱「充女才色絕世，若納東宮，必能輔佐君子，有《關雎》后妃之德。」遂成婚。當時甚為正直者所疾，而獲佞媚之譏焉。)
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wheels of an old carriage to start the fire, hence Xun Xu was right. They were impressed with his intelligence.
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masses. He often applied such critical analysis in assessing the costs and benefits of government policies.
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and others as the pioneers of the Jin dynasty and included them among those honoured in the Jin dynasty's
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being the worst hit. Xun Xu wrote a memorial to Emperor Wu and suggested that he create the office of a
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and the Zhong family. Zhong Yao served as the Grand Tutor (太傅) in the imperial court of the state of
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so he became worried that his son would bring disaster upon the Jin dynasty. He ordered Xun Xu and
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1391:(時又議省州郡縣半吏以赴農功，勖議以為：「省吏不如省官，省官不如省事，省事不如清心。 ... 如其不爾，恐適惑人聽，比前行所省，皆須臾輒復，或激而滋繁，亦不可不重。」勖論議損益多此類。)
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While Xun Xu's birth year is not recorded, his biography indicated that he was brought up by
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Xu could potentially bring about the Jin dynasty's downfall and compared him unfavourably to
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was Yanshu (彥舒). Xun Chuo was famous for his literary talent and wrote 15 chapters of the
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Xun Xu's father, Xun Xi (荀肸), died early, so Xun Xu was raised by his maternal granduncle
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day in that month; the month corresponds to 30 Nov to 28 Dec 289 in the Julian calendar.
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In the autumn of the following year, heavy flooding occurred in many commanderies, with
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appointments: Judge under the Minister of Justice (廷尉正), military adviser to the regent
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when the latter rebelled against the Jin dynasty and became Shi Le's military adviser.
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ringing and thought of using cowbells as an instrument to fine tune musical pieces.
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531:'s family (and Zhong Yao's grandnephew). He served as an official in the state of
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After eliminating Shu Han, Sima Zhao planned to conquer Wei's other rival state,
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1323:(時將發使聘吳，並遣當時文士作書與孫皓，帝用勖所作。皓既報命和親，帝謂勖曰：「君前作書，使吳思順，勝十萬之眾也。」帝即晉王位，以勖為侍中，封安陽子，邑千戶。)
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575:. His grandfather, Xun Fei (荀棐), served as Colonel of Trainee Archers (射聲校尉).
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1349:(咸甯初，與石苞等並為佐命功臣，列於銘饗。及王浚表請伐吳，勖與賈充固諫不可，帝不從，而吳果滅。以專典詔命，論功封子一人為亭侯，邑一千戶，賜絹千匹。)
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Xun Xu set up a school for students to learn calligraphy in the styles of
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1563:(既掌樂事，又修律呂，並行於世。初，勖於路逢趙賈人牛鐸，識其聲。及掌樂，音韻未調，乃曰：「得趙之牛鐸則諧矣。」遂下郡國，悉送牛鐸，果得諧者。)
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907:. Xun Xu thought of persuading Emperor Wu to arrange a marriage between
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with arranging the imperial library's collection into a catalogue like
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in the late Three Kingdoms era before serving under the Jin dynasty.
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in Emperor Wu's favour and live a comfortable life until his death.
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1297:(時官騎路遺求為刺客入蜀，勖言於帝曰：「明公以至公宰天下，宜杖正義以伐違貳。而名以刺客除賊，非所謂刑於四海，以德服遠也。」帝稱善。)
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763:(濟北郡公). However, Xun Xu declined the enfeoffment after seeing that
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2108:
2098:
2068:
2048:
2038:
2007:
1946:
1925:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1845:
1835:
1748:
1738:
1727:
1713:
982:(中經), which was then added to the imperial library's collection.
952:
940:
904:
872:
764:
724:
709:
705:
701:
669:
654:
639:
611:
603:
599:
583:
556:
532:
359:
329:
293:
261:
1013:'s reign. The emperor granted him the posthumous appointment of
2841:
2755:
2669:
2649:
2639:
2348:
2333:
2318:
2293:
2168:
2138:
2133:
2123:
2103:
2093:
2043:
1870:
1733:
1066:
962:(秘書監; a supervising secretary), Emperor Wu also tasked him and
868:
732:
607:
595:
1576:(俄領秘書監，與中書令張華依劉向《別錄》，整理記籍。 ... 及得汲郡塚中古文竹書，詔勖撰次之，以為《中經》，列在秘書。)
1021:"Marquis Cheng" (成侯), in addition to awarding his family some
779:
In the early Xianning era (275–280), Emperor Wu named Xun Xu,
2444:
2243:
2088:
2083:
723:, so he sent an emissary to pass a letter to the Wu emperor,
560:
1072:
Xun Xu had at least one daughter, who married Wu Tong (武統).
738:
747:'s death in September 265, in February 266 the Wei emperor
1271:(為安陽令，轉驃騎從事中郎。勖有遺愛，安陽生為立祠。遷廷尉正，參文帝大將軍軍事，賜爵關內侯，轉從事中郎，領記室。)
16:
Chinese official, musician, writer and painter (c.221–289)
1602:(又嘗在帝坐進飯，謂在坐人曰：「此是勞薪所炊。」咸未之信。帝遣問膳夫，乃云：「實用故車腳。」舉世伏其明識。)
1258:(既長，遂博學，達於從政。仕魏，辟大將軍曹爽掾，遷中書通事郎。爽誅，門生故吏無敢往者，勖獨臨赴，眾乃從之。)
1057:(晉後書). Towards the end of the Yongjia era (307–313) in
1641:(輯子綽。綽字彥舒，博學有才能，撰《晉後書》十五篇，傳於世。永嘉末，為司空從事中郎，沒於石勒，為勒參軍。)
883:
Association with Jia Chong, Jia Nanfeng and Sima Zhong
1537:(時帝素知太子暗弱，恐後亂國，遣勖及和嶠往觀之。勖還盛稱太子之德，而嶠雲太子如初。於是天下貴嶠而賤勖。)
1485:(勖並默然不應，退而語諸子曰：「人臣不密則失身，樹私則背公，是大戒也。汝等亦當宦達人間，宜識吾此意。」)
772:(著作; senior writer). The emperor also tasked him and
594:
Among Xun Xu's relatives, the more notable ones were
1628:(勖有十子，其達者輯、籓、組。輯嗣，官至衛尉。卒，諡曰簡。子畯嗣。卒，諡曰烈。無嫡子，以弟息識為嗣。)
946:
538:
621:
939:, who were seen as having caused the downfall of
836:to be the Crown Prince's Grand Tutor, and either
2919:
1336:(武帝受禪，改封濟北郡公。勖以羊祜讓，乃固辭為侯。拜中書監，加侍中，領著作，與賈充共定律令。)
1245:(父肸，早亡。勖依於舅氏。岐嶷夙成，年十餘歲能屬文。從外祖魏太傅鐘繇曰：「此兒當及其曾祖。」)
791:requested permission to lead an army to conquer
1711:
1203:(太康十年卒，詔贈司徒，賜東園秘器、朝服一具、錢五十萬、布百匹。遣兼御史持節護喪，諡曰成。)
432:two other unnamed sons and one unnamed daughter
1154:day of the 11th month of the 10th year of the
911:, the crown prince, and Jia Chong's daughter,
683:against Sima Zhao after leading Wei forces to
1697:
1049:Xun Ji had another son, Xun Chuo (荀綽), whose
1215:
1213:
1361:
1359:
1171:
776:with drafting the laws of the Jin dynasty.
1704:
1690:
1468:
1466:
1199:
1197:
1450:
1210:
751:abdicated his throne to Sima Zhao's son,
739:Overview of service under the Jin dynasty
618:scholar of the late Eastern Han dynasty.
1356:
1550:(帝將廢賈妃，勖與馮紞等諫請，故得不廢。時議以勖傾國害時，孫資、劉放之匹。)
1463:
1194:
848:. Emperor Wu accepted his suggestions.
2920:
1000:
1685:
1085:Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms
731:, conferred Sima Zhao the title of a
464:Musician, painter, politician, writer
918:Emperor Wu knew that Sima Zhong had
1615:(勖久管機密，有才思，探得人主微旨，不犯顏忤爭，故得始終全其寵祿。)
1456:(族弟良曾勸勖曰：「公大失物情，有所進益者自可語之，則懷恩多矣。」)
1443:(然性慎密，每有詔令大事，雖已宣佈，然終不言，不欲使人知己豫聞也。)
1005:Xun Xu died in late 289 during the
974:(別錄). When old bamboo scrolls were
606:. Xun Yu and Xun Yue were Xun Xu's
527:and a distant maternal relative of
272:Judge under the Minister of Justice
13:
1150:indicated that Xun Xu died on the
899:region, Xun Xu told his colleague
519:of China. Born in the influential
14:
2954:
1935:Princess and female royal figures
947:Other contributions and anecdotes
630:, a general serving as regent to
57:Prefect of the Masters of Writing
1232:(荀勖，字公曾，潁川潁陰人，漢司空爽曾孫也。祖棐，射聲校尉。)
653:In 260, the fourth Wei emperor,
539:Family background and early life
212:Supervisor of the Palace Writers
2882:Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove
1635:
1622:
1609:
1596:
1583:
1570:
1557:
1544:
1531:
1518:
1505:
1492:
1479:
1437:
1424:
1411:
1398:
1385:
1372:
1343:
1330:
1317:
1304:
1291:
1278:
1102:
622:Service under the Cao Wei state
555:(穎川郡), which is in present-day
543:Xun Xu was born in the eminent
240:Official in the Hall of Records
1824:Princes and male royal figures
1815:Empress Bian (Cao Huan's wife)
1265:
1252:
1239:
1226:
1165:
1140:
1127:
1:
1810:Empress Bian (Cao Mao's wife)
1120:
976:discovered in an ancient tomb
551:was in Yingyin County (潁陰縣),
523:, he was a great-grandson of
498:
81:
74:
2938:3rd-century Chinese painters
1861:Cao Ju (Prince of Pengcheng)
608:second cousins twice removed
7:
2943:3rd-century Chinese writers
1876:Cao Lin (Prince of Donghai)
1866:Cao Jun (Prince of Chenliu)
1417:(明年秋，諸州郡大水，兗土尤甚。勖陳宜立都水使者。)
1078:
958:When Xun Xu was serving as
638:launched by his co-regent,
110:Household Counsellor (光祿大夫)
10:
2959:
1175:The Galpin Society Journal
1158:era. However, there is no
712:were put in charge of the
304:Assistant Palace Gentleman
18:
2829:
2733:
2402:
2031:
1995:
1934:
1823:
1762:
1720:
1036:
563:. His great-grandfather,
488:
478:
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114:
109:
99:
67:
56:
52:
45:
38:
1472:(其婿武統亦說勖「宜有所營置，令有歸戴者」。)
1182:. Galpin Society: 3–24.
1146:Sima Yan's biography in
1095:
1015:Minister over the Masses
920:developmental disability
846:Minister over the Masses
675:In 264, the Wei general
1881:Cao Lin (Prince of Pei)
406:Xun family of Yingchuan
336:Prefect of Anyang (安陽令)
1589:(又立書博士，置弟子教習，以鐘、胡為法。)
755:, who established the
2830:Other notable figures
1219:(十一月，丙辰，尚書令濟北成侯荀勗卒。)
1065:. He was captured by
1028:Xun Xu served in the
822:Three Ducal Ministers
165:Palace Attendant (侍中)
2379:Zhang Ji (Jingzhong)
1770:Empress Dowager Bian
1712:Prominent people of
553:Yingchuan Commandery
2734:Other notable women
1001:Death and appraisal
891:wanted to reassign
787:. Around 280, when
573:Eastern Han dynasty
2933:3rd-century births
2801:Princess Changshan
1957:Princess Dongxiang
484:Marquis Cheng (成侯)
2915:
2914:
2403:Military officers
2374:Zhang Ji (Derong)
1962:Princess Jinxiang
1090:Jizhong discovery
1063:Minister of Works
1055:Later Book of Jin
1009:era (280–289) of
801:an invasion of Wu
795:(the last of the
569:Minister of Works
515:period and early
492:
491:
453:'s niece (mother)
234:Emperor Wu of Jin
185:Emperor Wu of Jin
159:Emperor Wu of Jin
130:Emperor Wu of Jin
104:Emperor Wu of Jin
2950:
1972:Princess Changle
1790:Empress Mingyuan
1706:
1699:
1692:
1683:
1682:
1646:
1639:
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1587:
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1192:
1191:
1169:
1163:
1144:
1138:
1131:
1114:
1106:
1044:posthumous title
1019:posthumous title
785:ancestral temple
761:Jibei Commandery
567:, served as the
503:
500:
370:Personal details
345:
315:
283:
251:
223:
195:
174:
148:
119:
95:
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36:
35:
2958:
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2949:
2948:
2947:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2911:
2825:
2729:
2398:
2027:
1991:
1987:Princess Linfen
1977:Princess Qinghe
1967:Princess Anyang
1930:
1819:
1785:Empress Mingdao
1758:
1716:
1710:
1650:
1649:
1640:
1636:
1627:
1623:
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1471:
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1202:
1195:
1170:
1166:
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1132:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1117:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1081:
1039:
1003:
949:
885:
877:filial mourning
741:
624:
541:
501:
480:Posthumous name
456:
447:Xun Xi (father)
436:
411:
346:
341:
316:
311:
305:
284:
279:
273:
252:
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2032:Civil officers
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2026:
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2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
1999:
1997:
1993:
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1990:
1989:
1984:
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1766:
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1760:
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1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1730:(posthumously)
1724:
1722:
1718:
1717:
1709:
1708:
1701:
1694:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1675:Zizhi Tongjian
1667:
1654:Fang, Xuanling
1648:
1647:
1634:
1621:
1608:
1595:
1582:
1569:
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1355:
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1221:Zizhi Tongjian
1209:
1193:
1164:
1139:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1119:
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1100:
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1092:
1087:
1080:
1077:
1038:
1035:
1002:
999:
948:
945:
884:
881:
844:to be the new
797:Three Kingdoms
740:
737:
623:
620:
588:Three Kingdoms
549:ancestral home
540:
537:
513:Three Kingdoms
504: – 289),
490:
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107:
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97:
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65:
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54:
53:
50:
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43:
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15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2828:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2796:Zhang Changpu
2794:
2792:
2791:Zhang Chunhua
2789:
2787:
2786:Xiahou Lingnü
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
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2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1822:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1800:Empress Zhang
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1780:Empress Wende
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1707:
1702:
1700:
1695:
1693:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1656:(ed.) (648).
1655:
1652:
1651:
1644:
1638:
1631:
1625:
1618:
1612:
1605:
1599:
1592:
1586:
1579:
1573:
1566:
1560:
1553:
1547:
1540:
1534:
1527:
1521:
1514:
1508:
1501:
1498:(久之，以勖守尚書令。)
1495:
1488:
1482:
1475:
1469:
1467:
1459:
1453:
1446:
1440:
1433:
1427:
1420:
1414:
1407:
1401:
1394:
1388:
1381:
1375:
1368:
1365:(又封孫顯為潁陽亭侯。)
1362:
1360:
1352:
1346:
1339:
1333:
1326:
1320:
1313:
1307:
1300:
1294:
1287:
1281:
1274:
1268:
1261:
1255:
1248:
1242:
1235:
1229:
1222:
1216:
1214:
1206:
1200:
1198:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1168:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1143:
1136:
1130:
1126:
1111:
1105:
1101:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1051:courtesy name
1047:
1045:
1034:
1031:
1030:privy council
1026:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
998:
994:
992:
988:
983:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
956:
954:
944:
942:
938:
934:
928:
925:
921:
916:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
895:to guard the
894:
890:
880:
878:
874:
870:
864:
860:
858:
857:dushui shizhe
854:
849:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
817:
814:
808:
804:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
777:
775:
771:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
736:
734:
730:
726:
722:
717:
715:
714:privy council
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
690:
686:
682:
678:
673:
671:
666:
664:
660:
656:
651:
649:
643:
641:
637:
633:
629:
619:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
592:
589:
585:
581:
576:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
536:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
507:
506:courtesy name
496:
487:
483:
481:
477:
474:Gongzeng (公曾)
473:
471:
470:Courtesy name
467:
463:
459:
452:
449:
446:
445:
443:
439:
433:
430:
427:
424:
421:
420:
418:
414:
408:
407:
402:
399:
396:
395:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
368:
364:
361:
357:
354:
350:
344:
339:
334:
331:
327:
324:
320:
314:
309:
302:
299:
295:
292:
288:
282:
277:
270:
267:
263:
260:
256:
250:
245:
238:
235:
232:
228:
222:
217:
210:
207:
204:
200:
194:
189:
186:
183:
179:
173:
168:
163:
160:
157:
153:
147:
142:
138:
134:
131:
128:
124:
118:
113:
108:
105:
102:
98:
71:
66:
55:
51:
44:
37:
32:
31:
26:
22:
2907:Zhu Jianping
2776:Xin Xianying
2635:Xiahou Shang
2460:Guanqiu Jian
2455:Gongsun Yuan
2343:
2114:Gaotang Long
1805:Empress Wang
1795:Empress Huai
1673:
1663:
1657:
1642:
1637:
1629:
1624:
1616:
1611:
1603:
1598:
1590:
1585:
1577:
1572:
1564:
1559:
1551:
1546:
1538:
1533:
1525:
1520:
1512:
1507:
1499:
1494:
1486:
1481:
1473:
1457:
1452:
1444:
1439:
1431:
1426:
1418:
1413:
1405:
1400:
1392:
1387:
1379:
1374:
1366:
1350:
1345:
1337:
1332:
1324:
1319:
1311:
1306:
1298:
1293:
1285:
1280:
1272:
1267:
1259:
1254:
1246:
1241:
1233:
1228:
1220:
1204:
1179:
1173:
1167:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1129:
1109:
1104:
1074:
1071:
1059:Emperor Huai
1054:
1048:
1040:
1027:
1006:
1004:
995:
984:
979:
971:
959:
957:
950:
929:
917:
886:
865:
861:
856:
853:Yan Province
850:
818:
809:
805:
778:
769:
742:
718:
704:, where he,
674:
667:
657:, attempted
652:
644:
625:
593:
577:
542:
508:
494:
493:
431:
403:
400:(granduncle)
386:December 289
342:
312:
280:
248:
220:
192:
171:
145:
136:
116:
69:
28:
21:Chinese name
2766:Wang Yuanji
2585:Wang Shuang
2314:Xiahou Xuan
1942:Duquess Cao
1670:Sima, Guang
1659:Book of Jin
1148:Book of Jin
913:Jia Nanfeng
813:Han dynasty
757:Jin dynasty
685:conquer Shu
681:a rebellion
586:during the
571:during the
517:Jin dynasty
25:family name
2928:289 deaths
2922:Categories
2852:Huangfu Mi
2811:Wei Huacun
2781:Yang Huiyu
2771:Xiahou Hui
2690:Zhang Liao
2630:Xiahou Mao
2625:Xiahou Dun
2590:Wang Zhong
2560:Wang Chang
2475:Huang Quan
2309:Xiahou Wei
2304:Xiahou Hui
2274:Wang Xiang
2003:Cao Shuang
1121:References
1011:Emperor Wu
909:Sima Zhong
889:Emperor Wu
793:Eastern Wu
743:Following
721:Eastern Wu
628:Cao Shuang
565:Xun Shuang
545:Xun family
525:Xun Shuang
521:Xun family
502: 221
461:Occupation
2902:Zhou Xuan
2857:Huchuquan
2720:Zhuge Dan
2705:Zhong Hui
2620:Xiahou Ba
2580:Wang Ling
2535:Sima Zhou
2530:Sima Wang
2520:Qian Zhao
2515:Qian Hong
2495:Man Chong
2425:Cao Zhang
2389:Zhong Yao
2384:Zheng Hun
2369:Zhang Hua
2324:Xing Yong
2299:Xiahou He
2264:Wang Jing
2259:Wang Lang
2254:Wang Guan
2249:Wang Chen
2164:Jia Chong
2119:Guan Ning
2079:Dong Zhao
2074:Deng Yang
2059:Chen Jiao
2054:Chang Lin
2018:Sima Zhao
1921:Cao Zhang
1775:Lady Zhen
1763:Empresses
1135:Zhong Yao
991:Hu Wujing
987:Zhong Yao
980:Zhongjing
968:Liu Xiang
964:Zhang Hua
960:mishujian
897:Guanzhong
893:Jia Chong
826:Jia Chong
774:Jia Chong
745:Sima Zhao
694:Zhong Yao
677:Zhong Hui
648:Sima Zhao
616:Confucian
580:Zhong Yao
529:Zhong Yao
451:Zhong Yao
398:Zhong Yao
391:Relations
343:In office
313:In office
281:In office
249:In office
221:In office
193:In office
172:In office
146:In office
117:In office
70:In office
2867:Kebineng
2806:Yang Yan
2751:Guo Huai
2725:Zhuge Xu
2715:Zhu Ling
2710:Zhou Tai
2700:Zhao Yan
2695:Zhang Te
2685:Zhang He
2660:Yang Qiu
2645:Xu Huang
2615:Wei Guan
2610:Wen Yang
2600:Wen Ping
2595:Wei Guan
2575:Wang Jun
2565:Wang Hun
2525:Qin Lang
2485:Liu Jing
2470:Hao Zhao
2465:Guo Huai
2435:Chen Tai
2430:Cao Zhen
2410:Cao Hong
2394:Zhong Yu
2359:Yang Jun
2289:Wei Zhen
2239:Sima Zhi
2224:Pei Qian
2199:Liu Shao
2194:Liang Xi
2189:Li Sheng
2174:Jiang Ji
2159:Huan Jie
2154:Huan Fan
2064:Chen Qun
2023:Sima Yan
2013:Sima Shi
1952:Cao Xian
1911:Cao Yong
1856:Cao Jian
1841:Cao Gong
1831:Cao Biao
1754:Cao Huan
1744:Cao Fang
1721:Emperors
1672:(1084).
1645:vol. 39.
1632:vol. 39.
1619:vol. 39.
1606:vol. 39.
1593:vol. 39.
1580:vol. 39.
1567:vol. 39.
1554:vol. 39.
1541:vol. 39.
1528:vol. 39.
1515:vol. 39.
1502:vol. 39.
1489:vol. 39.
1476:vol. 39.
1460:vol. 39.
1447:vol. 39.
1434:vol. 39.
1421:vol. 39.
1408:vol. 39.
1395:vol. 39.
1382:vol. 39.
1369:vol. 39.
1353:vol. 39.
1340:vol. 39.
1327:vol. 39.
1314:vol. 39.
1301:vol. 39.
1288:vol. 39.
1275:vol. 39.
1262:vol. 39.
1249:vol. 39.
1236:vol. 39.
1223:vol. 82.
1207:vol. 39.
1188:20753625
1160:bingchen
1152:bingchen
1079:See also
1023:ceramics
1017:and the
937:Liu Fang
901:Feng Dan
842:Shan Tao
838:Wei Guan
834:Yang Yao
789:Wang Jun
753:Sima Yan
749:Cao Huan
729:Cao Huan
698:Wei Guan
689:Chang'an
679:started
663:Sima Gan
632:Cao Fang
547:, whose
509:Gongzeng
416:Children
356:Cao Fang
326:Cao Fang
298:Cao Huan
266:Cao Huan
206:Cao Huan
19:In this
2897:Pei Xiu
2892:Xun Can
2887:Wang Bi
2872:Liu Hui
2862:Liu Bao
2847:Guan Lu
2837:Budugen
2816:Xun Cai
2761:Wang Yi
2741:Cai Yan
2680:Zang Ba
2675:Yue Jin
2655:Yang Hu
2605:Wen Qin
2570:Wang Ji
2555:Tian Yu
2550:Tian Xu
2545:Tang Zi
2510:Pang De
2505:Niu Jin
2500:Meng Da
2490:Lü Qian
2480:Jia Kui
2450:Fei Yao
2440:Deng Ai
2420:Cao Xiu
2415:Cao Ren
2364:Yu Huan
2354:Yang Fu
2339:Xu Xuan
2329:Xu Miao
2279:Wang Ye
2269:Wang Su
2234:Sima Fu
2229:Pei Xiu
2219:Pang Yu
2184:Li Feng
2179:Li Dian
2149:Hua Xin
2109:Gao Rou
2099:Fu Xuan
2069:Cui Lin
2049:Cang Ci
2039:Bao Xun
2008:Sima Yi
1996:Regents
1982:Lady Yu
1947:Cao Hua
1926:Cao Zhi
1906:Cao Yan
1901:Cao Xun
1896:Cao Xie
1891:Cao Rui
1886:Cao Mao
1851:Cao Hui
1846:Cao Gun
1836:Cao Gan
1749:Cao Mao
1739:Cao Rui
1728:Cao Cao
1714:Cao Wei
1664:Jin Shu
1643:Jin Shu
1630:Jin Shu
1617:Jin Shu
1604:Jin Shu
1591:Jin Shu
1578:Jin Shu
1565:Jin Shu
1552:Jin Shu
1539:Jin Shu
1526:Jin Shu
1513:Jin Shu
1500:Jin Shu
1487:Jin Shu
1474:Jin Shu
1458:Jin Shu
1445:Jin Shu
1432:Jin Shu
1419:Jin Shu
1406:Jin Shu
1393:Jin Shu
1380:Jin Shu
1367:Jin Shu
1351:Jin Shu
1338:Jin Shu
1325:Jin Shu
1312:Jin Shu
1299:Jin Shu
1286:Jin Shu
1273:Jin Shu
1260:Jin Shu
1247:Jin Shu
1234:Jin Shu
1205:Jin Shu
1156:Taikang
1110:Jin Shu
1007:Taikang
953:cowbell
924:He Jiao
905:Luoyang
873:Xun You
781:Shi Bao
765:Yang Hu
725:Sun Hao
710:Yang Hu
706:Pei Xiu
702:Luoyang
670:Shu Han
655:Cao Mao
640:Sima Yi
612:Cao Cao
604:Xun You
600:Xun Yue
557:Xuchang
533:Cao Wei
441:Parents
425:Xun Fan
378:Unknown
360:Cao Mao
352:Monarch
330:Cao Mao
322:Monarch
294:Cao Mao
290:Monarch
262:Cao Mao
258:Monarch
230:Monarch
202:Monarch
197:264–266
181:Monarch
155:Monarch
126:Monarch
100:Monarch
90: (
79: (
47:荀勗 / 荀勖
2877:Ma Jun
2842:Du Kui
2756:Pang E
2746:Cuishi
2670:Yu Jin
2665:Yin Li
2650:Xu Zhi
2640:Xu Chu
2540:Sun Li
2349:Xun Yi
2344:Xun Xu
2334:Xu Shu
2319:Xin Pi
2294:Wu Zhi
2284:Wei Ji
2209:Liu Yi
2204:Liu Ye
2169:Jia Xu
2144:Hu Zhi
2139:He Yan
2134:He Qia
2129:He Kui
2124:Han Ji
2104:Fu Xun
2094:Fu Jia
2044:Bi Gui
1916:Cao Yu
1871:Cao Li
1734:Cao Pi
1186:
1067:Shi Le
1037:Family
933:Sun Zi
869:Xun Yu
830:Li Yin
770:zhuzuo
733:vassal
659:a coup
636:a coup
596:Xun Yu
495:Xun Xu
428:Xun Zu
422:Xun Ji
306:(從事中郎)
137:Zhuzuo
40:Xun Xu
23:, the
2821:Xu Yi
2445:Du Yu
2244:Su Ze
2214:Lu Yu
2089:Du Xi
2084:Du Ji
1184:JSTOR
1096:Notes
972:Bielu
887:When
561:Henan
274:(廷尉正)
225:266–?
214:(中書監)
176:266–?
150:266–?
1108:The
989:and
935:and
871:and
828:and
708:and
602:and
404:See
383:Died
375:Born
242:(記室)
139:(著作)
88:–289
84:280s
77:280s
970:'s
941:Wei
840:or
584:Wei
347:?–?
317:?–?
285:?–?
253:?–?
121:?–?
92:289
61:尚書令
30:Xun
27:is
2924::
1666:).
1465:^
1358:^
1212:^
1196:^
1180:62
1178:.
993:.
943:.
716:.
598:,
559:,
499:c.
358:/
328:/
296:/
264:/
82:c.
75:c.
1705:e
1698:t
1691:v
1678:.
1662:(
1190:.
497:(
94:)
86:)
63:)
59:(
33:.
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