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Xiao Kui

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624:
was raised by her maternal uncle Zhang Ke (張軻). He summoned her back to the palace, and the diviners indicated that she would be a fit, and therefore she was married to Yang Guang. (Emperor Wen also wanted to give his own daughter Princess Lanling to Emperor Ming's son Xiao Yang (蕭瑒) the Prince of Yi'an, but for reasons unclear ultimately did not do so.) Because of this marital relationship, Emperor Wen decided to withdraw the Commandant of Jiangling from Jiangling. Thereafter, for a brief duration, Emperor Ming was able to rule his state with decreased interference from Sui. In 583, when Sui moved its capital from the old city of Chang'an to a nearby, newly constructed capital Daxing (大興), Emperor Ming sent his crown prince Xiao Cong to congratulate Emperor Wen. In spring 584, Emperor Ming himself went to the new capital to pay homage to Emperor Wen, and both of them dressed in imperial garbs, although Emperor Ming dressed slightly less impressively to show his status as a vassal.
604:, suspicious of Yang's intentions, rose at Yecheng against Yang. Most Western Liang generals advised Emperor Ming to align himself with Yuchi—reasoning that if Yuchi were successful, he would be rewarded with being loyal to the imperial Yuwen clan, while if Yuchi were not successful, he could nevertheless take this opportunity to seize some territory. However, when Emperor Ming sent the official Liu Zhuang (柳莊) to Chang'an to observe the situation, Yang, citing that he had previously been a guest of Emperor Ming while he was stationed as a general at Jiangling (although historical records do not indicate when he was there), begged Western Liang's loyalty. Liu, believing that Yuchi would not succeed, returned to Jiangling and advised Emperor Ming to side with Yang. Emperor Ming agreed, and subsequently, when Yang defeated Yuchi, commented to Liu, "If I had listened to the others, the empire would have been destroyed." 516:), they were defeated by Chen forces, and both Hua and Yuwen Zhi were forced to flee to Jiangling. The Northern Zhou general Yuan Ding (元定) and the Western Liang general Li Guang (李廣) were captured. Wu took this opportunity to seize Western Liang's Hedong Commandery (河東, in modern Jingzhou) as well. Yuwen Zhi blamed the defeat on the Western Liang general Yin Liang (殷亮), and Emperor Ming, while knowing that Yin was not at fault, was unwilling to oppose Yuwen Zhi, and so executed Yin. 22: 542:). He pointed out to Yuwen Zhi that Western Liang had lost so much territory that it was poor and unable to fend for itself, advocating that it would be sound policy for Northern Zhou to loan several provinces to Western Liang. Yuwen Zhi agreed and submitted the proposal to Emperor Wu; in response, Emperor Wu gave three provinces—Ji (基州), Ping (平州), and Ruo (鄀州) (together making up about modern 435:, and in turn had his authorities severely curtailed by the commandant of Jiangling that Western Wei/Northern Zhou stationed at Jiangling to defend him as well as to watch over him. He was said to die from his depression in 562, and Xiao Kui inherited the throne (as Emperor Ming), continuing to be a vassal of Northern Zhou. 460:, and his mother Consort Cao as consort dowager. (Grand Empress Dowager Gong and Consort Dowager Cao both died in 562, and Empress Dowager Wang died in 563.) For reasons unclear in historical records, Emperor Ming was not recorded as having created an empress, and while at some point during his reign he created his son 464:
crown prince, it is not known when that occurred. He was said to be a learned ruler, writing some 14 different works on filial piety as well as on fortunetelling, but as his fortunetelling works suggested, he was also said to be highly superstitious. He was said to be filially pious and kind, and was
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commissioned Emperor Wu's brother Yuwen Zhi (宇文直) the Prince of Wei with an army, and Emperor Ming also gathered his own troops, commanded by his general Wang Cao (王操), to aid Hua. However, when their forces, along with Hua's, encountered the Chen forces, commanded by the generals Chunyu Liang (淳于量)
623:
the Prince of Jin. Emperor Ming, after trying to divine the fortunes, determined that all of his daughters were inappropriate choices—but then remembered that he had a daughter, who was born in the second month of the year and thus, by superstitions of the time, considered ill fortune and therefore
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In spring 568, Wu put Jiangling under siege and redirected the waters to try to flood it. Emperor Ming, escorted by the Northern Zhou commandant Tian Hong (田弘), fled to the nearby fort of Ji'nan (紀南). The vice commandant Gao Lin (高琳) and Wang remained at Jiangling and defended it for over 100 days,
565:. Initially, while Emperor Wu treated Emperor Ming with ceremonial respect, he did not consider Emperor Ming as an important vassal. Emperor Ming sensed this, and, at a feast, discussed how Emperor Ming's father Emperor Xuan owed much to Emperor Wu's father, Western Wei's paramount general 569:, and in doing so was so emotional that he wept bitterly. Emperor Wu was impressed, and treated him with greater respect. Emperor Ming also spent much effort to flatter Emperor Wu—including comparing him to the mythical emperors 388:. Xiao Kui's father Xiao Cha was displeased about this development, and so prepared to contend for the throne eventually. After Liang was thrown into a state of confusion after the rebel general 423:. Emperor Xuan was, however, never able to gain much support among Liang's provinces and was only able to hold a small amount of territory around his capital Jiangling (江陵, in modern 1191: 408:, seeking Western Wei's protection. Xiao Yi claimed the throne in 552 after defeating Hou, but was himself defeated by Western Wei forces in 554 and executed in January 555. 520:
until the Western Liang generals Ma Wu (馬武) and Ji Che (吉徹) counterattacked and defeated Wu, forcing him to withdraw and allowing Emperor Ming to return to Jiangling.
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the Prince of Ancheng killed Liu Shizhi (劉師之) and Dao Zhongju (到仲舉) and took over power. The general Hua Jiao (華皎), the governor of Xiang Province (湘州, roughly modern
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as its Emperor Wen. Soon thereafter, Emperor Ming sent his brother Xiao Yan (蕭巖) the Prince of Anping to Chang'an to congratulate Emperor Wen and to pledge loyalty.
862: 400:, who appeared intent on eliminating actual or potential competitors for the throne, and so surrendered his realm of Yong Province (雍州, modern northwestern 871: 1225: 1155: 527:). Jiangling nearly fell, and only after Yuwen Zhi sent aid via forces commanded by Li Qianzhe (李遷哲) to relieve the city did Zhang withdraw. 523:
in fall 570, Chen general Zhang Zhaoda (章昭達) put Jiangling under siege, while capturing the Northern Zhou-built fort of Anshu (安蜀, near the
1187: 855: 492:), apprehensive about Chen Xu's intentions toward him, secretly submitted to Western Liang and Northern Zhou, seeking aid from both. 619:
In 582, Emperor Wen, to further honor Emperor Ming, offered to take one of his daughters as the wife to Emperor Wen's favored son
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In 571, Hua, who had served as an official under Emperor Ming since his defeat in 567, went instead to the Northern Zhou capital
384:, but the succession was diverted away from Xiao Tong's line after Xiao Tong's death in May 531—to Xiao Tong's younger brother 1171: 1143: 1139: 848: 1131: 926: 86: 577:. Emperor Wu was flattered, and rewarded Emperor Ming with much treasure, as well as some of the Northern Qi emperor 105: 58: 1135: 1127: 1220: 65: 43: 1245: 1235: 1167: 832: 813: 612:
In spring 581, Yang Jian had Emperor Jing yield the throne to him, ending Northern Zhou and establishing the
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in 549, holding Emperor Wu and later Xiao Gang (Emperor Jianwen) as hostages, Xiao Cha feared that his uncle
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and seized its territory, Emperor Ming went to greet Emperor Wu at Northern Qi's former capital
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also a capable administrator, being able to allow his war-weary subjects to rest and recover.
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In 578, Northern Zhou's Emperor Wu died and was succeeded by his erratic and cruel son
534:. On the way, he met Yuwen Zhi at Yuwen Zhi's defense post of Xiangyang (襄陽, in modern 480:
high level officials became locked in a power struggle, and in 567 Emperor Fei's uncle
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indicated that he was 44 (by east Asian reckoning) when he died. (岿在位二十三年,年四十四薨,)
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era. This corresponds to 1 Jul 585 on the Julian calendar. (五月甲申,诏置义仓。梁主萧岿殂,...)
457: 253: 348:, controlled little territory and relied heavily on military support from the 1204: 1021: 989: 627:
In summer 585, Emperor Ming died. Xiao Cong succeeded him (as Emperor Jing).
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Xiao Kui was born in 542, during the reign of his great-grandfather
21: 1044: 916: 883: 535: 500: 485: 431:). He relied on the support of Western Wei and its successor state 424: 393: 389: 369: 341: 300: 147: 706:
Xiao Yang, Prince of Yi'an (义安王萧玚, 573 – 25 January 612), 7th son
677: 578: 547: 543: 285: 214: 775:, vol.79. Thus by calculation, his birth year should be in 542. 593: 497: 419:
Xiao Liao (蕭嶚) had died earlier, Emperor Xuan created Xiao Kui
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as grand empress dowager, his father Emperor Xuan's wife
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Xiao Huan, Prince of Yixing (义兴王萧瓛, 569 – 588), 3rd son
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the Prince of Yueyang, and his mother was Xiao Cha's
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Xiao Jing, Prince of Linhai (临海王萧璟, d. 639), 4th son
557:In 577, after Northern Zhou's Emperor Wu conquered 46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 709:Princess Jin'an (晋安郡长公主, 588 – 614), 1st daughter 1202: 472:died in 566 and was succeeded by his young son 712:married Wang Gun (王衮), a son of Wang Song (王诵) 856: 700:Xiao Zhuan, Prince of Jinlin (晋陵王蕭瑑), 4th son 411:Western Wei declared Xiao Cha the Emperor of 212:Xiao Yang, Prince of Yi'an/Marquess of Taoqiu 759:day of the 5th month of the 5th year of the 703:Xiao Xun, Prince of Nanhai (南海王萧珣), 6th son 672:, and had issue. ( two sons and a daughter) 863: 849: 321:((西)梁明帝; 542 – 1 July 585), personal name 691:, Emperor Jing (靖帝蕭琮, 558 – 607), 1st son 607: 106:Learn how and when to remove this message 661:(蕭公主, 566 – 17 April 648), 3rd daughter 1226:Northern and Southern dynasties Taoists 652:Empress Zhang, of the Zhang clan (張皇后) 443: 368:. His father was Emperor Wu's grandson 1203: 788:, vol.79. Xiao Kui had a biography in 751:According to Yang Jian's biography in 844: 448:Emperor Ming honored his grandmother 352:dynasty and its successor state, the 131:Emperor of the Western Liang dynasty 118:Emperor of the Western Liang dynasty 44:adding citations to reliable sources 15: 13: 767:, vol.01. Xiao Kui's biography in 14: 1257: 784:(萧岿,字仁远,梁昭明太子统之孙也。父察,初封岳阳王,镇襄阳。) 376:Lady Cao. Xiao Kui's grandfather 20: 217:, Prince of Xin'an/Duke of Song 161:, Emperor Jing of Western Liang 150:, Emperor Xuan of Western Liang 31:needs additional citations for 778: 745: 680:(新安王萧瑀, 574–647), 8th son 596:over Emperor Xuan's young son 1: 1156:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms 833:Emperor Jing of Western Liang 814:Emperor Xuan of Western Liang 738: 717:Lady Xiao (萧氏), 2nd daughter 598:Emperor Jing of Northern Zhou 359: 319:Emperor Ming of Western Liang 220:Lady Xiao, Empress Min of Sui 124:Emperor Ming of Western Liang 732:Lady Xiao (萧氏), 7th daughter 600:. The Northern Zhou general 206:Xiao Zhuan, Prince of Jinlin 7: 724:(竇威), a son of Dou Chi (窦炽) 630: 494:Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou 208:Xiao Jing, Prince of Linhai 204:Xiao Huan, Prince of Yixing 10: 1262: 264:"filial and understanding" 210:Xiao Xun, Prince of Nanhai 1105: 1067: 1035: 997: 988: 940: 882: 829: 818: 810: 805: 678:Xiao Yu, Prince of Xin'an 643: 508:at Dunkou (沌口, in modern 306: 296: 284: 275: 268: 259: 252: 244: 239: 234: 229: 225: 193: 185: 177: 169: 165: 154: 143: 135: 130: 123: 796:was Emperor Yang's wife. 438: 755:, Xiao Kui died on the 260:Emperor Xiaoming (孝明皇帝) 1221:Liang dynasty emperors 608:During the Sui dynasty 380:had been Emperor Wu's 340:. He, like his father 668: (楊廣), a son of 648:Consorts and issues: 639:(天保 tiān bǎo) 562-585 392:captured the capital 338:Western Liang dynasty 291:Western Liang dynasty 1246:People from Shaoxing 1236:Northern Zhou people 554:) to Western Liang. 450:Empress Dowager Gong 444:During Northern Zhou 40:improve this article 1231:6th-century Taoists 975:Marquess of Donghun 474:Emperor Fei of Chen 470:Emperor Wen of Chen 366:Emperor Wu of Liang 1241:Sui dynasty people 876:Southern dynasties 1198: 1197: 1063: 1062: 1012:Prince of Yuzhang 965:Prince of Hailing 839: 838: 830:Succeeded by 316: 315: 280: 279: 262:literary meaning: 116: 115: 108: 90: 1253: 995: 994: 865: 858: 851: 842: 841: 811:Preceded by 803: 802: 797: 782: 776: 749: 592:seized power as 227: 226: 121: 120: 111: 104: 100: 97: 91: 89: 48: 24: 16: 1261: 1260: 1256: 1255: 1254: 1252: 1251: 1250: 1201: 1200: 1199: 1194: 1101: 1059: 1031: 984: 960:Prince of Yulin 936: 878: 869: 835: 826: 816: 801: 800: 783: 779: 750: 746: 741: 646: 633: 610: 581:'s concubines. 458:empress dowager 446: 441: 362: 336:of the Chinese 263: 261: 254:Posthumous name 218: 213: 211: 209: 207: 205: 203: 125: 119: 112: 101: 95: 92: 49: 47: 37: 25: 12: 11: 5: 1259: 1249: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1233: 1228: 1223: 1218: 1213: 1196: 1195: 1106: 1103: 1102: 1100: 1099: 1094: 1089: 1084: 1079: 1073: 1071: 1065: 1064: 1061: 1060: 1058: 1057: 1052: 1047: 1041: 1039: 1033: 1032: 1030: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 998: 992: 986: 985: 983: 982: 977: 972: 967: 962: 957: 952: 946: 944: 938: 937: 935: 934: 929: 927:Latter Deposed 924: 919: 917:Former Deposed 914: 909: 904: 899: 894: 888: 886: 880: 879: 868: 867: 860: 853: 845: 837: 836: 831: 828: 817: 812: 808: 807: 806:Regnal titles 799: 798: 777: 743: 742: 740: 737: 736: 735: 734: 733: 730: 729:Four daughters 727: 726: 725: 715: 714: 713: 707: 704: 701: 698: 695: 692: 683: 682: 681: 675: 674: 673: 656: 645: 642: 641: 640: 632: 629: 609: 606: 445: 442: 440: 437: 361: 358: 314: 313: 308: 304: 303: 298: 294: 293: 288: 282: 281: 278: 277: 273: 272: 266: 265: 257: 256: 250: 249: 242: 241: 237: 236: 232: 231: 223: 222: 202:, Emperor Jing 197: 191: 190: 187: 183: 182: 179: 175: 174: 171: 167: 166: 163: 162: 156: 152: 151: 145: 141: 140: 137: 133: 132: 128: 127: 117: 114: 113: 28: 26: 19: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1258: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1208: 1206: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1104: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1072: 1070: 1066: 1056: 1053: 1051: 1048: 1046: 1043: 1042: 1040: 1038: 1037:Western Liang 1034: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 999: 996: 993: 991: 987: 981: 978: 976: 973: 971: 968: 966: 963: 961: 958: 956: 953: 951: 948: 947: 945: 943: 939: 933: 930: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 913: 910: 908: 905: 903: 900: 898: 895: 893: 890: 889: 887: 885: 881: 877: 873: 866: 861: 859: 854: 852: 847: 846: 843: 834: 825: 823: 822:Western Liang 815: 809: 804: 795: 791: 787: 781: 774: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 748: 744: 731: 728: 723: 719: 718: 716: 711: 710: 708: 705: 702: 699: 696: 693: 690: 687: 686: 684: 679: 676: 671: 667: 663: 662: 660: 659:Princess Xiao 657: 654: 653: 651: 650: 649: 638: 635: 634: 628: 625: 622: 617: 615: 605: 603: 599: 595: 591: 587: 582: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 560: 555: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 528: 526: 521: 517: 515: 511: 507: 502: 499: 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 475: 471: 466: 463: 459: 455: 451: 436: 434: 433:Northern Zhou 430: 426: 422: 418: 417:heir apparent 414: 413:Western Liang 409: 407: 403: 399: 395: 391: 387: 383: 379: 375: 371: 367: 357: 355: 351: 350:Northern Zhou 347: 343: 339: 335: 332:(仁遠), was an 331: 328: 327:courtesy name 324: 320: 312: 309: 305: 302: 299: 295: 292: 289: 287: 283: 274: 271: 267: 258: 255: 251: 248:(天保 tiān bǎo) 247: 243: 238: 235:Xiao Kui (蕭巋) 233: 228: 224: 221: 216: 201: 198: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 157: 153: 149: 146: 142: 138: 134: 129: 122: 110: 107: 99: 96:December 2022 88: 85: 81: 78: 74: 71: 67: 64: 60: 57: –  56: 52: 51:Find sources: 45: 41: 35: 34: 29:This article 27: 23: 18: 17: 1144:N. Dynasties 1140:S. Dynasties 1049: 819: 794:his daughter 789: 785: 780: 772: 768: 764: 760: 756: 752: 747: 647: 636: 626: 618: 611: 586:Emperor Xuan 583: 556: 529: 525:Three Gorges 522: 518: 478:Chen dynasty 467: 454:Empress Wang 447: 421:crown prince 410: 382:crown prince 363: 346:Emperor Jing 344:and his son 342:Emperor Xuan 329: 322: 318: 317: 276:Shizong (世宗) 245: 102: 93: 83: 76: 69: 62: 50: 38:Please help 33:verification 30: 1136:16 Kingdoms 942:Southern Qi 820:Emperor of 790:Book of Sui 769:Book of Sui 753:Book of Sui 614:Sui dynasty 602:Yuchi Jiong 571:Emperor Yao 559:Northern Qi 406:Western Wei 354:Sui dynasty 311:Consort Cao 270:Temple name 144:Predecessor 1216:585 deaths 1211:542 births 1205:Categories 1128:3 Kingdoms 739:References 694:Second son 666:Yang Guang 621:Yang Guang 506:Wu Mingche 360:Background 189:Lady Zhang 66:newspapers 55:"Xiao Kui" 1055:Xiao Cong 761:Kai'huang 689:Xiao Cong 670:Yang Jian 590:Yang Jian 567:Yuwen Tai 462:Xiao Cong 386:Xiao Gang 378:Xiao Tong 374:concubine 240:Era dates 200:Xiao Cong 159:Xiao Cong 155:Successor 1050:Xiao Kui 1045:Xiao Cha 907:Liu Shao 884:Liu Song 872:Emperors 827:562–585 824:dynasty 720:marries 685:Unknown 664:married 631:Era name 536:Xiangfan 532:Chang'an 501:Yuwen Hu 496:and his 486:Changsha 425:Jingzhou 394:Jiankang 390:Hou Jing 370:Xiao Cha 323:Xiao Kui 301:Xiao Cha 148:Xiao Cha 1007:Jianwen 874:of the 786:Sui Shu 773:Sui Shu 765:Sui Shu 757:jiashen 722:Dou Wei 637:Tianbao 579:Gao Wei 563:Yecheng 548:Yichang 544:Jingmen 482:Chen Xu 398:Xiao Yi 334:emperor 330:Renyuan 246:Tianbao 215:Xiao Yu 139:562–585 80:scholar 1168:W. Xia 1097:Houzhu 912:Xiaowu 644:Family 594:regent 498:regent 476:, the 468:After 325:(蕭巋), 307:Mother 297:Father 186:Spouse 82:  75:  68:  61:  53:  1112:Shang 990:Liang 792:, as 552:Hubei 540:Hubei 514:Hubei 510:Wuhan 490:Hunan 439:Reign 429:Hubei 404:) to 402:Hubei 286:House 230:Names 195:Issue 136:Reign 87:JSTOR 73:books 1184:Qing 1180:Ming 1176:Yuan 1164:Song 1160:Liao 1152:Tang 1116:Zhou 1092:Xuan 1069:Chen 1027:Jing 1017:Yuan 970:Ming 932:Shun 922:Ming 897:Shao 575:Shun 573:and 546:and 504:and 178:Died 170:Born 126:西梁明帝 59:news 1192:PRC 1188:ROC 1172:Jīn 1148:Sui 1132:Jìn 1124:Han 1120:Qin 1108:Xia 1087:Fei 1082:Wen 1022:Min 950:Gao 902:Wen 456:as 181:585 173:542 42:by 1207:: 1190:/ 1186:→ 1182:→ 1178:→ 1174:→ 1170:/ 1166:/ 1162:/ 1158:→ 1154:→ 1150:→ 1146:→ 1142:/ 1138:→ 1134:/ 1130:→ 1126:→ 1122:→ 1118:→ 1114:→ 1110:→ 1077:Wu 1002:Wu 980:He 955:Wu 892:Wu 550:, 538:, 512:, 488:, 427:, 356:. 864:e 857:t 850:v 109:) 103:( 98:) 94:( 84:· 77:· 70:· 63:· 36:.

Index


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"Xiao Kui"
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JSTOR
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Xiao Cha
Xiao Cong
Issue
Xiao Cong
Xiao Yu
Lady Xiao, Empress Min of Sui
Posthumous name
Temple name
House
Western Liang dynasty
Xiao Cha
Consort Cao
courtesy name
emperor
Western Liang dynasty
Emperor Xuan
Emperor Jing
Northern Zhou
Sui dynasty

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