1597:
73:
750:
1221:
1365:
825:
1307:
1289:
1164:. They charged at and through the enemy. The charge started at a slow pace and in a relatively loose formation. The formation gradually gathered pace and closed ranks while approaching the enemy, and reached its highest pace and closest formation immediately before engagement. They tended to repeat the charge several times until the enemy formation broke (the Polish hussars had supply wagons with spare lances). The tactic of a charge by heavily armoured hussars and horses was usually decisive for nearly two centuries. The hussars fought with a
1237:
61:
1273:
1454:, especially after the mid-17th century, when many 'pancerny' companions became hussars, and some sources of the late 17th century note the existence of bows amongst the hussar companions. During the first half of the 18th century, while in non-military attire, the hussars' companion carried a bow in a bow case to denote his military status. Yet bows in bow cases were carried by all cavalry officers of the National Army until the reforms of the 1770s, including
2959:
1078:
1257:
40:
868:
1200:
to be used by both the horses and the warriors. Moreover, the horses were bred to be especially fearless and resistant, and they could run quite fast with a heavy load while recovering quickly. They were hybrids of old, Polish equine lineage and eastern horses, usually from Tatar tribes. As a result,
1052:
and advanced scout capacity. Their uniforms became more elaborate as their armour and heavy weapons were abandoned. In the 18th century, as infantry firearms became more effective, heavy cavalry, with its tactics of charging into and breaking infantry units, became increasingly obsolete and hussars
941:
of Poland and later accepted as a Grand Duke of
Lithuania in 1576, he reorganized the hussars of his Royal Guard into a heavy formation equipped with a long lance as their main weapon. By the reign of Bathory (1576–1586), the hussars had replaced medieval-style lancers in the Polish Crown army, and
1341:
and
Hungarian lances, but Polish lances could have been longer and, like their predecessors from the Balkans and Western Europe, they were hollowed, with two halves glued together and painted, and were often richly gilded. They were commonly made from fir-wood, with the lance point being made from
1057:
Instead of ostrich feathers, the husaria men wore wooden arcs attached to their armour at the back and raising over their heads. These arcs, together with bristling feathers sticking out of them, were dyed in various colours in imitation of laurel branches or palm leaves, and were a strangely
1521:
The hussar armour was light, usually around 15 kilograms (33 lb), allowing them to be relatively quick and for their horses to gallop at full speed for long periods. Albeit from the 1670s onwards, chain-mail was used when fighting the Muslim Tatars in the southeastern borderlands of the
1201:
a horse could walk hundreds of kilometres loaded with over 100 kg (220 lb) (the hussar with their armour and weapons) and instantly charge. Hussar horses were also very agile and maneuverable. This made hussars able to fight with any cavalry or infantry force from heavy
816:
of the royal household. However, it is possible that they were in service much earlier and their contribution was not well-documented. As the
Ottoman raids on the southeastern frontier intensified, the so-called Rascian Reform (1500–1501) during the reign of
1517:
knee protection, underneath a thigh-length coat of mail or specially padded coat with mail sleeves. Retainers usually wore less expensive and older armour, often painted black, and, after the 1670s, might have no cuirass, according to some sources.
1346:, a large wooden ball which served as the handle guard. The hussar's lances usually ranged from 4.5 to 6.2 metres (15 to 20 ft) in length and were provided by the King or the banner's owner, not by the regular soldiers. A large 'silk'/taffeta
1329:
for themselves and their retainers, except for the lance which was provided by the King. Each lance's horses also came at each towarzysz husarski's expense. During their heyday, 1574–1705, winged hussars carried the following arms and armour:
1153:) and could command the banner when the porucznik was unable to. Each banner had one rotmistrz kopia that was larger than its other lances; this included trumpeters, and musicians (kettle drummers, more trumpeters etc.). There were other
2317:
Kaczmarek, Krystyna; Kaczmarek, Remigiusz & Kaczmarek, Romuald (2005). "Jan
Sobieski jako żołnierz i wódz we współczesnej mu grafice, cz. 2" [Jan Sobieski as a soldier and commander in contemporary artworks, part 2].
1473:
helmets with a hemispherical skull, 'cheekpieces' with a heart-shaped cut in the middle, neck-guard of several plates secured by sliding rivets, and adjustable nasal terminating in a leaf-shaped visor. Zischagge and
2335:
Kaczmarek, Romuald (2005). "Jan
Sobieski jako żołnierz i wódz we współczesnej mu grafice, cz. 1" [Jan Sobieski as a soldier and commander in contemporary artworks, part 1].
3198:
1573:
1220:
1569:
paintings, he had the exotic pelt underneath his saddle or wrapped around his hips. Wolf, brown bear and lynx pelts were reserved for leaders and veterans (starszyzna).
898:. The hussars became the elite cavalry, and were a branch of cavalry in the Polish army from the 1570s until 1776 when their duties and traditions were passed on to the
1236:
656:. It was customary to maintain a red-and-white colour scheme, and to be girded with tanned animal hide. The wings were traditionally assembled from the feathers of
860:(1531). During the so-called "transition period" of the mid-16th-century, heavy hussars largely replaced armoured lancers riding armoured horses, in the Polish
1205:
to quick light-armed Tatars. There was a death penalty for selling a hussar horse (sometimes the horses were referred to as "tarpan") to someone outside of
2913:
2674:
1306:
1699:
2381:
War reports from the first years of Polish-Cossack fights in the uprising of Bohdan
Chmielnicki during the "With Fire and Sword" period (1648–1651)
1107:) who tended to his horses, food, supplies, repairs and fodder and often participated in battle. His 'lance' was part of a larger unit known as a
3193:
3041:
2886:
185:
1981:
737:
participated in the largest cavalry charge in history and successfully repelled the
Ottoman attack. From their last engagement in 1702 (at the
238:
202:
1347:
1157:
with duties (keeping order, helping with manoeuvres) within the banner during battle, but their functions are rather poorly understood.
1343:
1495:
946:. By the 1590s, most Polish hussar units had been reformed along the same "heavy" model. These heavy hussars were known in Poland as
2906:
277:
214:
1288:
2766:
1272:
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460:
438:
311:
299:
250:
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2409:
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Relacje wojenne z pierwszych lat walk polsko-kozackich powstania
Bohdana Chmielnickiego okresu "Ogniem i mieczem" (1648–1651)
2307:
2252:
2215:
808:
The oldest reference of hussars in Polish records dates to the year 1500, when the
Rascians were employed by Grand Treasurer
3123:
2694:
762:
2083:
1361:, and was 3 to 3.6 metres (9.8 to 11.8 ft) long and was used against the Tatars and Turks in late-17th-century wars.
3154:
2899:
2818:
2756:
2724:
2529:
1206:
570:
78:
3178:
2782:
2640:
2598:
2556:
2483:
2460:
2388:
2365:
2288:
2223:
2183:
2164:
343:
282:
382:
937:
became heavier in character: they abandoned wooden shields and adopted metal-plated body armour. When
Bathory was
3118:
1596:
1924:
1633:
1609:
1601:
1369:
566:
17:
2494:
2126:
Bocheński, Zbigniew (1960). "Ze studiów nad polską zbroją husarską" [Studies on Polish hussar armor].
2993:
2875:
973:
in 1683, the hussars fought many battles against various enemies, most of which they won. In the battles of
2982:
2690:
1542:, but perhaps due to costs and weight, remained popular mostly with the winged hussar commanding officers.
1256:
1227:
1006:
837:
195:
3188:
3113:
3108:
2970:
2922:
2426:
749:
2118:
2057:
1313:
613:
480:
2863:
1037:(1683), they proved to be the decisive factor against often overwhelming odds. For instance, in the
2267:
1026:
448:
3183:
3098:
1045:, the Muscovites and Swedes outnumbered the Commonwealth army 5 to 1, yet were heavily defeated.
1022:
994:
921:
888:
726:
443:
429:
321:
304:
292:
255:
2869:
3173:
2948:
2938:
2930:
1034:
475:
375:
365:
265:
2734:
Teodorczyk, Jerzy (1966). "Bitwa pod Gniewem 22.IX – 29.IX. 1626, pierwsza porażka husarii ".
2420:
1364:
809:
231:
3103:
2958:
2399:
1580:
a stabbing type of sword of the Polish hussars, often used against heavily armored opponents.
1010:
982:
798:
370:
360:
260:
2234:
2007:
1425:) pistols in the saddle holsters, while retainers also might have carried a pistol or light
998:
190:
2978:
2857:
2444:
902:
by a parliamentary decree. Most hussars were recruited from the wealthier Polish nobility (
824:
355:
2422:
The Age of Wars of Religion, 1000–1650: An Encyclopedia of Global Warfare and Civilization
1461:
At the height of their prowess, from 1576 to 1653, hussar armour consisted of a comb-like
741:) until 1776, the obsolete hussars were demoted and largely assigned to ceremonial roles.
738:
494:
8:
3036:
766:
409:
2036:
1940:
1059:
424:
331:
3128:
1689:
1418:
1414:
1381:
1243:
1090:
1082:
1038:
1002:
986:
974:
956:
934:
722:
718:
653:
577:
is derived from large rear wings, which were intended to demoralize the enemy during a
489:
326:
287:
270:
2751:. Historyczne bitwy (in Polish). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Ministerstwa Obrony Narodowej.
2524:. Historyczne bitwy (in Polish). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Ministerstwa Obrony Narodowej.
680:
465:
3028:
2998:
2814:
2778:
2752:
2720:
2682:
2659:
2636:
2613:
2594:
2571:
2552:
2525:
2508:
2479:
2456:
2430:
2405:
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2340:
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2219:
2179:
2160:
2156:
2135:
1920:
1650:
1613:
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990:
978:
895:
857:
802:
710:
455:
414:
402:
392:
243:
219:
66:
1984:[Interesting facts about hussars that you were not taught about in school].
3203:
3046:
2244:
1752:
1725:
1663:, Bogdan is seen wearing the winged hussars in Season 1 Episode 1, "The Assembly".
1659:
1638:
1617:
1478:
helmets for the lower rank (retainers) were often blackened as was their armour. A
1161:
1030:
970:
926:
917:
813:
734:
730:
699:
578:
519:
470:
397:
387:
350:
226:
98:
848:
of the Renaissance, the Serbo-Hungarian hussars played a fairly minor role in the
3072:
3051:
1566:
1470:
1406:
1072:
891:
853:
805:
were adopted by some European armies to provide light, expendable cavalry units.
690:), the Polish military officially adopted the unit and transformed it into heavy
641:
554:
546:
419:
316:
207:
157:
102:
1590:
3077:
3003:
2988:
2943:
1679:
1642:
1628:
1444:
1353:
was attached to the lance below the point. Another type of lance, known as the
1049:
938:
884:
714:
582:
3167:
2891:
2775:
Weapons in old Poland compared to the armaments of Europe and the Middle East
2686:
2512:
2344:
2327:
2139:
1621:
1539:
1447:
1146:
1119:(lances) or more. The commander, per his contractual obligation, was called "
841:
818:
691:
668:
562:
88:
1192:) and sometimes a warhammer or light battle-axe. The lighter, Ottoman-style
1527:
1487:
1298:
1141:
849:
706:
657:
338:
106:
2872:
a Los Angeles-based Polish hussar reenactment group and reference library.
1538:, leg and shoulder protection and became popular during the reign of King
1337:
was the main offensive weapon of the hussar. The lances were based on the
1108:
1103:) consisting of two to five similarly armed retainers and other servants (
1962:
1202:
852:
victories during the early 16th century, exemplified by the victories at
754:
3138:
3056:
2834:
2710:] (in Polish). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Ministerstwa Obrony Narodowej.
1475:
1393:
1354:
1136:
960:
867:
649:
589:
1530:
riveted to a leather support) might have consisted of a scale helmet,
3018:
3013:
2880:
1684:
1648:
One, then two for one scene, were featured in the Canadian TV series
1620:, and the unit's commemorative badge is inscribed with the inherited
1612:
features a stylized hussar wing and helmet. The Division's patron is
1565:) pelt over his left shoulder, or as often depicted in the surviving
1546:
1523:
1502:
1490:, Western vambraces with iron glove and later, during the 1630s, the
1462:
1426:
1422:
1322:
1154:
1131:
1121:
782:
676:
617:
2114:
1077:
872:
785:
units of exiled Serbian warriors from Hungary. Mercenary lancers of
2719:. Historyczne bitwy (in Polish) (2nd ed.). Warszawa: Bellona.
2708:
An outline of the history of the Polish military until 1864, Vol. 1
2475:
2202:
1949:
Description of customs and history during the reign of Augustus III
1498:
1466:
1429:
1413:
Hussars sometimes carried additional weapons, such as a 'nadziak' (
1294:
1185:
1089:
The hussars represented the heavy cavalry of the Commonwealth. The
903:
790:
695:
660:, and the angel-like frame was fastened onto the armour or saddle.
609:
597:
149:
3133:
2548:
1670:
fighter aircraft will be called "Husarz" in honor of the hussars.
39:
3143:
2866:
Understand the difference in Polish hussar Replica & Antique.
2771:
Broń w dawnej Polsce na tle uzbrojenia Europy i Bliskiego Wschodu
2504:
1982:"Ciekawostki na temat husarii, o których nie uczyli Cię w szkole"
1577:
1550:
1531:
1479:
1433:
1385:
1358:
1181:
1170:
943:
845:
645:
637:
625:
593:
574:
161:
2887:
Polska Husaria: The Cavalry of the Polish Winged Hussars (video)
2830:"Poland's Winged Knights: From Invincible Glory To Obsolescence"
2545:
The horse in the life of the nobility in the 16th–18th centuries
832:
The first hussar formation was established by the decree of the
2740:
Studies and materials for the history of the military, Vol. XII
2632:
2612:(in Polish). Warszawa: Instytut Wydawniczy Erica. p. 160.
2240:
2152:
1694:
1558:
1535:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1491:
1483:
1451:
1397:
1389:
1350:
1338:
1326:
1279:
1247:
1197:
1193:
1176:
1095:
912:
899:
794:
758:
664:
633:
629:
605:
2302:. United States of America: Pike and Powder Publishing Group.
1654:, in the 2018 season 11 episode 16 entitled, "Game of Kings".
1554:
1455:
1440:
1401:
1334:
1242:
Hussar armour, dating to the first half of the 17th century,
1100:
786:
672:
621:
601:
165:
153:
139:
2673:
Sikora, Radosław & Musialowicz, Bartosz (October 2016).
2455:] (in Polish). Warszawa: Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy.
2037:"11th Lubuska Armored Cavalry Division: Colours and symbols"
1767:
1740:
801:
cavalry. In the 15th century, the hussars based on those of
534:
2777:] (in Polish). Warsawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe.
2742:] (in Polish). Warszawa: Wojskowy Instytut Historyczny.
2316:
2084:"Poland's Future F-35s Have Been Officially Named 'Husarz'"
1951:] (in Polish). Petersburg i Mohylew: Bolesław M. Wolff.
1731:
1667:
1562:
916:
or lance/retinue. Several retinues were combined to form a
833:
525:
1758:
1572:
1160:
The Polish hussars' primary battle tactic was the mounted
3082:
1388:(up to 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) in length) and, often, a
1053:
transformed from an elite fighting unit to a parade one.
836:(Polish parliament) in 1503, which hired three Hungarian
679:
in the early 16th century. Following the reforms of King
135:
2658:] (in Polish). Warszawa: Instytut Wydawniczy Erica.
2568:
The Early Modern World – Soldier's Lives Through History
1641:
in 1683 and the hussars' charge which helped defeat the
1436:; from the 1680s a carbine for retainers was mandatory.
821:
solidified the role of an early hussar in Polish ranks.
2877:
The first Los Angeles based website for this portrayal.
883:
The true winged hussar arrived with the reforms of the
588:
The hussar dress was ostentatious and comprised plated
3199:
Mercenary units and formations of the Early Modern era
1666:
On May 1, 2024, Poland announced that Polish-operated
844:. Being far more expendable than the heavily armoured
2507:: Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Rolniczo-Pedagogicznej.
2178:. Illustrated by Velimir Vuksic. Oxford, UK: Osprey.
1797:
1764:
1737:
1589:
The Polish hussars are depicted on the commemorative
1404:
were known to winged hussars, including the renowned
828:
A historical reconstruction of a winged hussar, 2013.
537:
531:
2800:] (in Polish). Kraków: Wydawnictwo Kluszczyński.
2704:
Zarys dziejów wojskowości polskiej do roku 1864, t.1
2210:
Cichowski, Jerzy & Szulczyński, Andrzej (1981).
2209:
2128:
Rozprawy I Sprawozdania Muzeum Narodowego W Krakowie
27:
Polish heavy cavalry from the 16th to 18th centuries
2277:
Husarze: ubiór, oporządzenie i uzbrojenie 1500–1775
1761:
1755:
1734:
1728:
1400:was carried on the left side, and several types of
781:meaning "wanderer/brawler". Hussars originated in
528:
522:
2736:Studia i materiały do Historii Wojskowości, t. XII
2283:] (in Polish). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Arkadia.
2281:Hussars: uniforms, equipment and weapons 1500–1775
2813:] (in Polish). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Pagina.
2672:
1945:Opis obyczajów i dziejów za panowania Augusta III
1048:Over time, the role of the hussar evolved into a
864:cavalry forces serving on the southern frontier.
3165:
1631:wrote the song "Winged Hussars" for their album
933:Over the course of the 16th century, hussars in
2565:
2397:
1862:
1860:
1827:
1815:
1439:Individual hussars may have possibly carried a
765:and their offering of the Polish throne to the
2921:
2398:Nicolle, David & Sarnecki, Witold (2008).
1226:Hussar half-armour from the mid-17th century,
753:Entrance of winged Polish hussar delegates in
705:The hussar formation proved effective against
2907:
1700:Offices in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1085:(1610), painting by Szymon Boguszowicz, 1620.
729:(1673). Their military prowess peaked at the
2519:
2274:
1857:
1604:featuring a stylized hussar wing and helmet.
1180:(sabre), set of two to six pistols, often a
964:
947:
702:that developed concurrently outside Poland.
675:warriors who came to Poland from Hungary as
2566:Showalter, Dennis; Astore, William (2007).
2492:
2469:
2351:
2337:Wychowanie Techniczne w Szkole (Z Plastyką)
2320:Wychowanie Techniczne w Szkole (Z Plastyką)
2266:. Historyczne bitwy (in Polish). Warszawa:
2031:
2029:
1914:
1902:
1878:
894:in the 1570s and was later led by the King
793:, were frequently hired to counter Ottoman
186:Crimean–Nogai slave raids in Eastern Europe
2914:
2900:
2827:
2733:
2714:
2173:
2146:
1890:
1803:
2374:
2334:
2216:Wydawnictwo Ministerstwa Obrony Narodowej
2125:
840:. Soon, recruitment also began among the
698:. The Polish hussar differs greatly from
585:until their official disbanding in 1776.
2804:
2791:
2765:
2701:
2026:
1939:
1595:
1571:
1363:
1076:
866:
823:
748:
239:War of the Polish Succession (1587–1588)
2538:
2297:
2192:
1851:
942:they now formed the bulk of the Polish
14:
3194:Cavalry units and formations of Poland
3166:
2860:a Polish reenactment information site.
2798:The weapons of commanders and soldiers
2746:
2649:
2626:
2607:
2584:
2360:] (in Polish). Warszawa: Bellona.
2358:Lexicon of bladed and throwing weapons
2261:
2232:
2081:
1979:
1866:
1325:were required to provide the arms and
1212:
620:as well as versatile weaponry such as
2895:
2443:
2418:
2383:] (in Polish). Warszawa: Viking.
1919:. Warszaw: Interpress. pp. 6–7.
1839:
581:. The hussars ranked as the elite of
3124:Our Lady of Sorrows, Queen of Poland
2300:The War Chronicles of Jerry Dobiecki
2236:Warfare in Eastern Europe, 1500-1800
2199:The history of customs in old Poland
1980:Sikora, Radosław (17 January 2019).
1720:Alternative English pronunciations:
1616:, who led the winged hussars at the
1421:carried one or two wheellock (later
1384:carried underneath his left thigh a
1115:. Each banner had between 30 and 60
203:Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1512–1522)
2541:Koń w życiu szlachty w XVI-XVIII w.
127:(Love of the fatherland is our law)
24:
2957:
2570:. United States: Greenwood Press.
2354:Leksykon broni białej i miotającej
1376:) on the Stockholm Roll (c. 1605).
717:forces, notably at the battles of
25:
3215:
2851:
2501:In the service of the Polish king
2352:Kwaśniewicz, Włodzimierz (2003).
1149:) who carried the banner's flag (
871:Polish hussars during entry into
694:, with troops recruited from the
2864:Polish Hussar Replica vs Antique
2695:Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych
2593:] (in Polish). Toruń: Duet.
2275:Gembarzewski, Bronisław (1999).
2205:: Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy.
2195:Dzieje obyczajów w dawnej Polsce
2082:Parken, Oliver (29 April 2024).
1751:
1724:
1627:In 2016, the Swedish metal band
1305:
1287:
1271:
1255:
1235:
1219:
763:Siege of La Rochelle (1572–1573)
553:
518:
278:Polish–Muscovite War (1605–1618)
215:Moldavian–Polish War (1530–1538)
71:
59:
38:
2828:Marek Kępa (27 December 2017).
2404:. Men-at-Arms. Oxford: Osprey.
2401:Medieval Polish Armies 966–1500
2176:Polish Winged Hussar, 1500–1775
2098:
2075:
2050:
2000:
1973:
1955:
1933:
1908:
1896:
1657:In 2023, in the Netflix series
1608:The badge of the Polish Army's
685:
608:) adorned by gold ornaments, a
2702:Sikorski, Janusz, ed. (1965).
2635:: Wydawnictwo Inforteditions.
1965:[Hussars in Kętrzyn].
1884:
1872:
1845:
1833:
1821:
1809:
1712:
1610:11th Armoured Cavalry Division
1602:11th Armoured Cavalry Division
1370:Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
1207:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1093:(Companion) commanded his own
571:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
557:), alternatively known as the
461:Polish–Ottoman War (1683–1699)
439:Polish–Ottoman War (1672–1676)
312:Polish–Swedish War (1626–1629)
300:Polish–Ottoman War (1620–1621)
251:Polish–Swedish War (1600–1611)
79:Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
13:
1:
2520:Podhorodecki, Leszek (1988).
1969:(in Polish). October 4, 2012.
1785:
1486:, shoulder guards and of the
1396:) under his right thigh. The
1368:Grand Standard Bearer of the
1316:with side wings, Wawel Castle
1278:Polish hussar sabre (Polish "
700:the light, unarmoured hussars
344:Siege of Smolensk (1632–1633)
283:Siege of Smolensk (1609–1611)
50:1503–1702 (disbanded in 1776)
3119:Black Madonna of Częstochowa
2551:: Wydawnictwo A. Marszałek.
2375:Nagielski, Mirosław (1999).
2174:Brzezinski, Richard (2006).
2149:Polish Armies (1): 1569–1696
2147:Brzezinski, Richard (1987).
2014:(in Polish). 24 January 2009
2010:[Hussars on coins].
1917:Husaria: The Winged Horsemen
1790:
1522:Commonwealth. A rarely-used
1501:, for forearm protection. A
1482:(breast plate), back plate,
1458:units in the Saxon service.
1058:beautiful sight to behold –
969:began. Between then and the
777:stems from the Serbian word
383:Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)
7:
2805:Żygulski, Zdzisław (2000).
2792:Żygulski, Zdzisław (1998).
2715:Szcześniak, Robert (2008).
2493:Plewczyński, Marek (1995).
2470:Plewczyński, Marek (1994).
1828:Nicolle & Sarnecki 2008
1816:Showalter & Astore 2007
1673:
910:("comrade") raised his own
10:
3220:
2923:National symbols of Poland
2693:on 2017-01-25 – via
2427:Greenwood Publishing Group
2119:Muzeum Narodowe w Krakowie
1915:Wasilkowska, Anna (1998).
1070:
1066:
773:The etymology of the word
744:
60:
3152:
3091:
3065:
3027:
2969:
2955:
2929:
2656:Of the History of Hussars
2650:Sikora, Radosław (2010).
2627:Sikora, Radosław (2005).
2608:Sikora, Radosław (2010).
2591:The Phenomenon of Hussars
2585:Sikora, Radosław (2003).
2539:Sawicka, Zuzanna (2002).
2496:W służbie polskiego króla
2419:Nolan, Cathal J. (2006).
2298:Hientze, Ian von (2018).
2233:Davies, Brian L. (2012).
2111:Arms and colors of Poland
2058:"Winged Hussars – Lyrics"
1584:
1526:karacena armour (of iron
1342:forged steel. They had a
1314:lobster-tailed pot helmet
1228:National Museum in Kraków
761:, in 1573, following the
614:lobster-tailed pot helmet
573:from 1503 to 1702. Their
481:Battle of Podhajce (1698)
196:Battle of Ochmatów (1644)
171:
145:
131:
120:
112:
94:
84:
54:
46:
37:
32:
3179:Military ranks of Poland
2339:(in Polish) (1): 26–29.
2322:(in Polish) (2): 39–42.
2193:Bystroń, Jan S. (1932).
1705:
1637:. The song is about the
1129:commander was often the
1081:Hussar formation at the
2794:Broń wodzów i żołnierzy
2747:Wisner, Henryk (1987).
2214:(in Polish). Warszawa:
1986:Ciekawostki Historyczne
889:Grand Duke of Lithuania
444:Battle of Khotyn (1673)
430:Battle of Warsaw (1656)
322:Battle of Wenden (1626)
305:Battle of Khotyn (1621)
293:Battle of Moscow (1612)
256:Battle of Wenden (1601)
125:Amor Patriae Nostra Lex
2994:Air Force checkerboard
2963:
2962:Coat of arms of Poland
2262:Drożdż, Piotr (2000).
1605:
1581:
1377:
1374:Chorąży Wielki Koronny
1297:-style hussar helmet,
1188:(known in Polish as a
1139:). There was also one
1086:
1064:
965:
948:
880:
875:, detail of so-called
829:
770:
550:
376:Battle of Loyew (1651)
366:Battle of Loyew (1649)
266:Battle of Reval (1602)
2961:
2881:About hussar's armour
2445:Pasek, Jan Chryzostom
2107:Broń i barwa w Polsce
2008:"Husarzy na monetach"
1963:"Husaria w Kętrzynie"
1599:
1575:
1367:
1262:Scale armour of King
1080:
1055:
870:
827:
789:origin, known as the
752:
733:in 1683, when hussar
626:long thrusting swords
449:Battle of Lwów (1675)
371:Battle of Berestechko
361:Battle of Zhovti Vody
261:Battle of Kokenhausen
2629:Lubieszów 17 IV 1577
1600:Badge of the Polish
1174:(stabbing sword), a
1043:Polish–Muscovite War
565:formation active in
356:Khmelnytsky Uprising
2547:] (in Polish).
2503:] (in Polish).
2201:] (in Polish).
2113:] (in Polish).
1905:, pp. 109, 215
1576:Koncerz husarski –
1213:Armour and weaponry
812:to serve under the
810:Andrzej Kościelecki
410:Second Northern War
232:Battle of Lubieszów
116:The Angels of Death
3189:Combat occupations
3129:The Sigismund Bell
2964:
2767:Żygulski, Zdzisław
1967:Hodowca i Jeździec
1690:Towarzysz pancerny
1606:
1582:
1419:Towarzysz husarski
1382:towarzysz husarski
1378:
1244:Polish Army Museum
1091:Towarzysz husarski
1087:
1083:Battle of Klushino
1039:Battle of Klushino
957:Battle of Lubiszew
927:chorągiew husarska
881:
830:
771:
490:Great Northern War
327:Battle of Trzciana
288:Battle of Klushino
271:Battle of Kircholm
191:Battle of Martynów
3161:
3160:
2999:Two-finger salute
2665:978-83-62329-04-5
2652:Z Dziejów husarii
2619:978-83-62329-05-2
2577:978-0-313-33312-5
2436:978-0-313-33733-8
2411:978-1-84603-014-7
2309:978-1-945430-96-1
2254:978-90-04-22198-7
1941:Kitowicz, Jędrzej
1651:Murdoch Mysteries
1450:with arrows in a
1264:John III Sobieski
1196:allowed for more
896:John III Sobieski
803:Matthias Corvinus
739:Battle of Kliszów
507:
506:
495:Battle of Kliszów
476:Battle of Párkány
456:Great Turkish War
415:Battle of Wojnicz
403:Battle of Chudnov
393:Battle of Polonka
244:Battle of Byczyna
220:Battle of Obertyn
67:Kingdom of Poland
16:(Redirected from
3211:
3114:National costume
2916:
2909:
2902:
2893:
2892:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2824:
2801:
2788:
2762:
2743:
2730:
2711:
2698:
2689:. Archived from
2679:Business Ukraine
2675:"Winged Hussars"
2669:
2646:
2623:
2604:
2581:
2562:
2535:
2516:
2489:
2466:
2440:
2415:
2394:
2371:
2348:
2331:
2313:
2294:
2271:
2258:
2245:Brill Publishers
2229:
2206:
2189:
2170:
2143:
2122:
2092:
2091:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2039:. Wojsko Polskie
2033:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1912:
1906:
1903:Plewczyński 1995
1900:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1879:Plewczyński 1994
1876:
1870:
1864:
1855:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1716:
1639:Battle of Vienna
1618:Battle of Vienna
1614:Jan III Sobieski
1505:also could wear
1309:
1291:
1275:
1259:
1239:
1223:
1060:Jędrzej Kitowicz
971:Battle of Vienna
968:
951:
689:
688: 1576–1586
687:
671:units of exiled
654:horseman's picks
556:
544:
543:
540:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
524:
471:Battle of Vienna
425:Battle of Kłecko
398:Battle of Lyubar
388:Battle of Shklow
332:Battle of Górzno
227:Danzig rebellion
99:Maneuver warfare
77:
75:
74:
65:
63:
62:
42:
30:
29:
21:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3208:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3157:
3148:
3087:
3073:Names of Poland
3066:Names and codes
3061:
3052:Grunwald Swords
3023:
2965:
2953:
2944:Flag and colors
2925:
2920:
2854:
2849:
2840:
2838:
2821:
2820:978-8-386951314
2785:
2759:
2758:978-8-311073876
2727:
2726:978-8-311110953
2666:
2643:
2620:
2601:
2587:Fenomen husarii
2578:
2559:
2532:
2531:978-8-311075177
2486:
2463:
2437:
2412:
2391:
2368:
2310:
2291:
2255:
2226:
2186:
2167:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2095:
2080:
2076:
2066:
2064:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2042:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2027:
2017:
2015:
2012:Onet Wiadomosci
2006:
2005:
2001:
1991:
1989:
1978:
1974:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1938:
1934:
1927:
1913:
1909:
1901:
1897:
1891:Brzezinski 1987
1889:
1885:
1877:
1873:
1865:
1858:
1850:
1846:
1838:
1834:
1826:
1822:
1814:
1810:
1804:Marek Kępa 2017
1802:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1782:
1754:
1750:
1727:
1723:
1717:
1713:
1708:
1676:
1624:"Vienna 1683".
1587:
1567:Podhorce Castle
1549:usually wore a
1415:horseman's pick
1407:szabla husarska
1317:
1310:
1301:
1292:
1283:
1276:
1267:
1260:
1251:
1240:
1231:
1224:
1215:
1075:
1073:Cavalry tactics
1069:
906:). Each hussar
892:Stephen Bathory
862:Obrona Potoczna
747:
731:Siege of Vienna
696:Polish nobility
684:
681:Stephen Báthory
521:
517:
510:
503:
502:
501:
466:Battle of Hodów
420:Battle of Warka
317:Battle of Gniew
208:Battle of Orsha
180:
158:mace (bludgeon)
105:
101:
72:
70:
69:
58:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3217:
3207:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3184:Polish cavalry
3181:
3176:
3159:
3158:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3095:
3093:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3078:Rzeczpospolita
3075:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3033:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3009:Polish hussars
3006:
3004:Polish cavalry
3001:
2996:
2991:
2989:Military eagle
2986:
2975:
2973:
2967:
2966:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2935:
2933:
2931:Constitutional
2927:
2926:
2919:
2918:
2911:
2904:
2896:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2878:
2873:
2867:
2861:
2853:
2852:External links
2850:
2848:
2847:
2825:
2819:
2811:Polish hussars
2807:Husaria polska
2802:
2789:
2783:
2763:
2757:
2744:
2731:
2725:
2712:
2699:
2670:
2664:
2647:
2641:
2624:
2618:
2605:
2599:
2582:
2576:
2563:
2557:
2536:
2530:
2517:
2490:
2484:
2467:
2461:
2441:
2435:
2416:
2410:
2395:
2389:
2372:
2366:
2349:
2332:
2314:
2308:
2295:
2289:
2272:
2259:
2253:
2230:
2224:
2207:
2190:
2184:
2171:
2165:
2144:
2123:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2074:
2049:
2025:
1999:
1972:
1954:
1932:
1925:
1907:
1895:
1883:
1871:
1856:
1844:
1832:
1820:
1808:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1748:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1680:Polish cavalry
1675:
1672:
1634:The Last Stand
1586:
1583:
1319:
1318:
1311:
1304:
1302:
1293:
1286:
1284:
1277:
1270:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1252:
1241:
1234:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1214:
1211:
1068:
1065:
1050:reconnaissance
959:in 1577, the '
885:King of Poland
877:Stockholm Roll
746:
743:
583:Polish cavalry
559:winged hussars
514:Polish hussars
508:
505:
504:
500:
499:
498:
497:
487:
486:
485:
484:
483:
478:
473:
468:
453:
452:
451:
446:
436:
435:
434:
433:
432:
427:
422:
417:
407:
406:
405:
400:
395:
390:
380:
379:
378:
373:
368:
363:
348:
347:
346:
336:
335:
334:
329:
324:
319:
309:
308:
307:
297:
296:
295:
290:
285:
275:
274:
273:
268:
263:
258:
248:
247:
246:
236:
235:
234:
224:
223:
222:
212:
211:
210:
200:
199:
198:
193:
182:
181:
176:
175:
173:
169:
168:
147:
143:
142:
133:
129:
128:
122:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
56:
52:
51:
48:
44:
43:
35:
34:
33:Polish hussars
26:
18:Winged Hussars
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3216:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3174:Polish titles
3172:
3171:
3169:
3156:
3151:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3099:Patron saints
3097:
3096:
3094:
3090:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2968:
2960:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2917:
2912:
2910:
2905:
2903:
2898:
2897:
2894:
2888:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2786:
2784:83-01-02515-8
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2754:
2750:
2749:Kircholm 1605
2745:
2741:
2737:
2732:
2728:
2722:
2718:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2671:
2667:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2648:
2644:
2642:83-89943-05-0
2638:
2634:
2631:(in Polish).
2630:
2625:
2621:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2602:
2600:83-918712-8-2
2596:
2592:
2588:
2583:
2579:
2573:
2569:
2564:
2560:
2558:83-7174-839-6
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2537:
2533:
2527:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2497:
2491:
2487:
2485:83-11-08287-1
2481:
2477:
2474:(in Polish).
2473:
2468:
2464:
2462:83-06-01577-0
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2417:
2413:
2407:
2403:
2402:
2396:
2392:
2390:83-912638-0-0
2386:
2382:
2378:
2373:
2369:
2367:83-11-09617-1
2363:
2359:
2355:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2315:
2311:
2305:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2290:83-88055-01-1
2286:
2282:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2237:
2231:
2227:
2225:83-11-06568-3
2221:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2187:
2185:1-84176-650-X
2181:
2177:
2172:
2168:
2166:0-85045-736-X
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2130:(in Polish).
2129:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2103:
2089:
2085:
2078:
2063:
2059:
2053:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2013:
2009:
2003:
1987:
1983:
1976:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1928:
1922:
1918:
1911:
1904:
1899:
1892:
1887:
1880:
1875:
1869:, pp. 7–
1868:
1863:
1861:
1853:
1848:
1842:, p. 428
1841:
1836:
1829:
1824:
1817:
1812:
1805:
1800:
1796:
1772:
1749:
1745:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1718:
1715:
1711:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1671:
1669:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1655:
1653:
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1622:battle honour
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1321:The hussars'
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1125:", while the
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918:hussar banner
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767:Duke of Anjou
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742:
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736:
732:
728:
724:
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697:
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692:shock cavalry
682:
678:
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669:light cavalry
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563:heavy cavalry
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509:Military unit
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89:Heavy cavalry
87:
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68:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
36:
31:
19:
3037:Crown jewels
3008:
2983:voivodeships
2939:Coat of arms
2839:. Retrieved
2833:
2810:
2806:
2797:
2793:
2774:
2770:
2748:
2739:
2735:
2717:Kłuszyn 1610
2716:
2707:
2703:
2691:the original
2678:
2655:
2651:
2628:
2610:Kłuszyn 1610
2609:
2590:
2586:
2567:
2544:
2540:
2521:
2500:
2495:
2472:Obertyn 1531
2471:
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2400:
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2276:
2263:
2235:
2211:
2198:
2194:
2175:
2148:
2131:
2127:
2110:
2106:
2099:Bibliography
2088:The War Zone
2087:
2077:
2065:. Retrieved
2061:
2052:
2041:. Retrieved
2016:. Retrieved
2011:
2002:
1990:. Retrieved
1985:
1975:
1966:
1957:
1948:
1944:
1935:
1916:
1910:
1898:
1893:, p. 14
1886:
1881:, p. 47
1874:
1852:Hientze 2018
1847:
1835:
1830:, p. 19
1823:
1818:, p. 44
1811:
1799:
1714:
1665:
1658:
1656:
1649:
1647:
1632:
1626:
1607:
1588:
1544:
1520:
1494:-originated
1488:Great Steppe
1460:
1438:
1412:
1405:
1379:
1373:
1332:
1320:
1299:Wawel Castle
1189:
1175:
1169:
1165:
1159:
1150:
1140:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1104:
1094:
1088:
1062:(1728–1804).
1056:
1047:
1033:(1683), and
954:
939:elected king
932:
925:
911:
907:
882:
876:
861:
850:Polish Crown
831:
807:
778:
774:
772:
725:(1610), and
704:
662:
587:
558:
513:
511:
339:Smolensk War
177:
124:
107:Shock attack
2858:Reenactment
2841:12 February
2522:Chocim 1621
2478:: Bellona.
2062:Sabaton.net
1988:(in Polish)
1867:Davies 2012
1854:, p. 2
1593:gold coin.
1591:500 złotych
1553:(sometimes
1513:thigh, and
1465:(szyszak),
1392:(a type of
1203:cuirassiers
1168:(lance), a
1041:during the
1011:Beresteczko
983:Kokenhausen
856:(1514) and
755:La Rochelle
677:mercenaries
650:war hammers
606:arm bracers
590:body armour
569:and in the
172:Engagements
113:Nickname(s)
3168:Categories
3092:Unofficial
3057:Szczerbiec
3029:Historical
3014:Kosynierzy
2870:Husaria.us
2835:Culture.pl
2449:Pamiętniki
2425:. London:
2264:Orsza 1518
2134:. Kraków.
2043:2022-11-23
1926:8322326823
1840:Nolan 2006
1786:References
1476:kettle hat
1394:broadsword
1355:demi-lance
1155:towarzysze
1137:lieutenant
1105:czeladnicy
1071:See also:
961:Golden Age
663:The early
55:Allegiance
3019:Rogatywka
2883:(Polish).
2687:1360-6158
2681:: 30–34.
2513:164904999
2345:0510-9884
2328:0510-9884
2140:0069-2298
1791:Citations
1685:Towarzysz
1547:towarzysz
1524:Sarmatian
1503:towarzysz
1463:zischagge
1427:wheellock
1423:flintlock
1348:proporzec
1323:towarzysz
1151:chorągiew
1132:porucznik
1122:rotmistrz
1111:chorągiew
977:in 1577,
963:' of the
955:With the
908:towarzysz
783:mercenary
618:jackboots
598:spaulders
561:, were a
178:Tree list
146:Equipment
3155:Category
3139:Toporzeł
2971:Military
2769:(1982).
2476:Warszawa
2447:(1987).
2203:Warszawa
1943:(1855).
1674:See also
1643:Ottomans
1499:vambrace
1467:burgonet
1430:arquebus
1295:Burgonet
1190:bandolet
1186:arquebus
1127:de facto
1109:banner (
1029:(1675),
1025:(1673),
1021:(1660),
1017:(1660),
1013:(1651),
1009:(1644),
1007:Ochmatów
1005:(1629),
1003:Trzciana
1001:(1624),
999:Martynów
997:(1621),
993:(1610),
991:Klushino
989:(1605),
987:Kircholm
985:(1601),
981:(1588),
975:Lubiszew
904:szlachta
791:Rascians
723:Klushino
721:(1605),
719:Kircholm
646:hatchets
638:carbines
610:burgonet
150:Burgonet
121:Motto(s)
3204:Hussars
3144:Kotwica
2505:Siedlce
2453:Diaries
2268:Bellona
2212:Husaria
2121:. 2004.
2067:10 July
2018:10 July
1992:10 June
1629:Sabaton
1578:Koncerz
1551:leopard
1532:cuirass
1496:karwasz
1492:Persian
1480:cuirass
1445:Turkish
1434:carbine
1386:koncerz
1359:kopijka
1312:Hussar
1182:carbine
1171:koncerz
1142:chorąży
1067:Tactics
1035:Párkány
1015:Połonka
979:Byczyna
966:husaria
949:husaria
944:cavalry
935:Hungary
922:company
879:, 1605.
858:Obertyn
846:lancers
838:banners
745:History
735:banners
715:Ottoman
711:Russian
707:Swedish
673:Serbian
665:hussars
658:raptors
634:pistols
594:cuirass
575:epithet
551:husaria
162:hatchet
103:Raiding
3109:Mottos
3047:Banner
2949:Anthem
2817:
2781:
2755:
2723:
2685:
2662:
2639:
2633:Zabrze
2616:
2597:
2574:
2555:
2528:
2511:
2482:
2459:
2433:
2408:
2387:
2364:
2343:
2326:
2306:
2287:
2251:
2241:Leiden
2222:
2182:
2163:
2157:Osprey
2155:, UK:
2153:Oxford
2138:
2115:Kraków
1923:
1695:Poczet
1585:Legacy
1559:jaguar
1536:gorget
1528:scales
1515:poleyn
1511:cuisse
1507:tasset
1484:gorget
1471:morion
1452:quiver
1402:sabres
1398:szabla
1390:palasz
1351:pennon
1339:Balkan
1327:armour
1280:szabla
1248:Warsaw
1198:armour
1194:saddle
1177:szabla
1162:charge
1147:ensign
1096:poczet
1031:Vienna
1023:Khotyn
1019:Cudnów
995:Chocim
913:poczet
900:uhlans
873:Kraków
814:banner
795:sipahi
775:hussar
759:France
727:Khotyn
713:, and
652:, and
630:sabres
622:lances
604:, and
602:bevors
579:charge
567:Poland
547:Polish
351:Deluge
132:Colors
76:
64:
47:Active
3134:Rodło
3104:Songs
2979:Flags
2809:[
2796:[
2773:[
2738:[
2706:[
2654:[
2589:[
2549:Toruń
2543:[
2499:[
2451:[
2379:[
2356:[
2279:[
2197:[
2109:[
1947:[
1706:Notes
1555:tiger
1509:hip,
1456:uhlan
1441:Tatar
1344:gałka
1335:lance
1166:kopia
1117:kopia
1101:kopia
854:Orsha
842:Poles
779:gusar
667:were
642:maces
166:sabre
154:lance
140:white
3042:Jack
2843:2024
2815:ISBN
2779:ISBN
2753:ISBN
2721:ISBN
2683:ISSN
2660:ISBN
2637:ISBN
2614:ISBN
2595:ISBN
2572:ISBN
2553:ISBN
2526:ISBN
2509:OCLC
2480:ISBN
2457:ISBN
2431:ISBN
2406:ISBN
2385:ISBN
2362:ISBN
2341:ISSN
2324:ISSN
2304:ISBN
2285:ISBN
2249:ISBN
2220:ISBN
2180:ISBN
2161:ISBN
2136:ISSN
2069:2021
2020:2021
1994:2021
1921:ISBN
1668:F-35
1660:1670
1563:lion
1545:The
1380:The
1333:The
1027:Lwów
887:and
834:Sejm
799:deli
797:and
787:Serb
616:and
512:The
138:and
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