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to form a solid. When the liquid contacts the lithium anode it creates a monomolecular layer of semiconducting crystalline lithium iodide. As the cell is discharged by the current load of the pacemaker, the reaction between the lithium anode and iodine cathode forms a growing barrier of lithium iodide, This is
373:
in New York to create a graduate program in music. The
Houghton College Center for the Arts (CFA) was designed with his donations to include a concert hall, art gallery, multi-floor gathering space, and various choir and instrumental practice rooms. It was subsequently named the Greatbatch School of
356:
and poly-2-vinylpyridine, neither of which is electrically conductive. However, after processing by mixing and heating to ~ 150 °C for 72 hours the components react with each other to form an electrically conductive viscous liquid which, while still molten, is poured into the cell where it cools
361:, and causes the terminal voltage of the cell to decrease approximately as an inverse function of the volume of the barrier. Pacemaker designers use this characteristic to permit detection of incipient 'end of life' of the pacemaker's lithium cell.
333:) in St. Paul, Minnesota, manufactured the world's first pacemaker with a lithium anode and a lithium-iodide electrolyte solid-state battery. The lithium-iodide cell manufactured by Greatbatch is now the standard cell for pacemakers, having the
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Greatbatch sought to introduce this invention into the pacemaker industry, which could readily use a high impedance battery. The early work was conducted in a rented area of the former
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Music after him. Houghton
College assisted Greatbatch in his research, when he was unable to generate support, providing him with lab space and research assistance.
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In 2009, Wilson and
Eleanor Greatbatch donated approximately $ 10 million to create a modern glass reception and interpretive pavilion, called the
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50th
Anniversary of the first successful permanent pacemaker implantation in the United States: historical review and future directions.
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High School. He entered military service and served during World War II, becoming an aviation chief radioman before receiving an
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Prototype Online: Inventive Voices podcast - The
Smithsonian's Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation
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Wilson
Greatbatch died at the age of 92 on September 27, 2011. Greatbatch served as an elder at Clarence
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developers in 1971, and was met with limited enthusiasm. On July 9, 1974, Manuel A. Villafaña and
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568:"Frank Lloyd Wright's Martin House is becoming one of Buffalo's most popular tourist attractions"
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Innovative Lives - The
Smithsonian's Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation
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of 2.8V and an energy density near the physical maximum. Unfortunately, it had an internal
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714:, Wilson Greatbatch, "Medical cardiac pacemaker", published October 9, 1962
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Beck H, Boden WE, Patibandla S, Kireyev D, Gutpa V, Campagna F, Cain ME, Marine JE.
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in 1957. Wilson loved fiddling with objects and this would lead to great things.
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which limited its current load to under 0.1 mA and was thus considered useless.
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453:"Oral-History:Wilson Greatbatch - Engineering and Technology History Wiki"
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Church, where he also sang in the church choir and taught Sunday school.
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160:) for its energy source, driving a two transistor, transformer coupled
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554:"Wilson Greatbatch, Presbyterian Elder and Pacemaker Inventor, Dies"
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is understood to have headed the early electrochemical development.
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and pioneering inventor. He held more than 325 patents and was a
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In the cell as developed for cardiac pacemaker application, the
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526:"Metal-enclosed cardiac pacer with solid-state power source"
337:, low self-discharge, small size and reliability needed.
428:"Implantable pacemaker inventor Wilson Greatbatch dies"
93:(September 6, 1919 – September 27, 2011) was an
730:
Implantable pacemaker inventor Wilson
Greatbatch dies
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as part of the GI Bill, graduating with a B.E.E. in
591:"Wilson Greatbatch, Pacemaker Inventor, Dies at 92"
628:"Remembering Wilson Greatbatch | No 4 | Pagetitle"
184:commencing manufacture and further development of
168:resin, then coupled to electrodes placed into the
156:pacemaker used Mallory mercuric oxide-zinc cells (
280:. The cell used two elements at near ends of the
935:Cornell University College of Engineering alumni
901:
887:Medtronic, Inc. v. Mirowski Family Ventures, LLC
140:in 1950; he received a master's degree from the
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389:, chair of the department of architecture at
102:member of the National Inventors Hall of Fame
686:. Smithsonian Institution. October 8, 1996.
230:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
110:National Medal of Technology and Innovation
781:
767:
192:The Greatbatch lithium-iodide battery cell
16:American engineer and inventor (1919–2011)
663:. Smithsonian Institution. Archived from
608:Richmond, Caroline (September 29, 2011).
540:"Pioneers of the Medical Device Industry"
250:Learn how and when to remove this message
724:A video interview with Wilson Greatbatch
607:
945:National Medal of Technology recipients
699:Am J Cardiol. 2010 Sep 15;106(6):810-8.
514:National High Magnetic Field Laboratory
476:
474:
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902:
863:Eli Lilly & Co. v. Medtronic, Inc.
650:Biography of Greatbatch at MIT website
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379:Eleanor and Wilson Greatbatch Pavilion
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680:"Wilson Greatbatch Makes Hearts Beat"
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589:Feder, Barnaby (September 28, 2011).
588:
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313:Greatbatch introduced the developed
228:adding citations to reliable sources
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124:and attended public grade school at
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754:Battery at the CIA Museum, CIA.gov
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148:The Chardack-Greatbatch pacemaker
920:Engineers from Buffalo, New York
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925:20th-century American inventors
655:Adam, John (February 5, 1999).
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542:. Minnesota Historical Society.
490:National Inventors Hall of Fame
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691:Greatbatch.com Company Website
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393:'s Graduate School of Design.
172:of the patient's heart. This
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352:a proprietary composition of
264:Catalyst Research Corporation
186:artificial cardiac pacemakers
164:circuit, all encapsulated in
955:University at Buffalo alumni
610:"Wilson Greatbatch obituary"
570:. Windsor Star. July 2, 2015
385:Complex. It was designed by
369:Greatbatch donated funds to
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732:from BBC 28 September 2011
879:Riegel v. Medtronic, Inc.
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304:North Tonawanda, New York
270:developed and patented a
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739:Washington Post Obituary
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871:Medtronic, Inc. v. Lohr
327:Cardiac Pacemakers Inc.
120:Greatbatch was born in
104:and a recipient of the
930:American Presbyterians
383:Darwin D. Martin House
284:scale, causing a high
176:innovation led to the
138:electrical engineering
712:US patent 3057356
277:U.S. patent 4,049,890
142:University of Buffalo
132:in 1945. He attended
75:University at Buffalo
657:"Making Hearts Beat"
381:, separate from the
224:improve this section
482:"Wilson Greatbatch"
434:. 27 September 2011
414:Specific references
268:Baltimore, Maryland
162:blocking oscillator
154:Chardack-Greatbatch
130:honorable discharge
940:Lemelson–MIT Prize
830:C. Walton Lillehei
643:General references
595:The New York Times
134:Cornell University
106:Lemelson–MIT Prize
71:Cornell University
897:
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825:Wilson Greatbatch
745:Wilson Greatbatch
667:on April 21, 2008
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122:Buffalo, New York
91:Wilson Greatbatch
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58:27 September 2011
23:Wilson Greatbatch
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797:Subsidiaries
749:Find a Grave
696:
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669:. Retrieved
665:the original
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632:the original
622:
614:The Guardian
613:
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572:. Retrieved
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498:. Retrieved
494:the original
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403:Presbyterian
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387:Toshiko Mori
378:
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368:
365:Philanthropy
339:
325:founders of
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222:Please help
210:
153:
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119:
90:
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60:(2011-09-27)
915:2011 deaths
910:1919 births
855:Legal cases
820:Earl Bakken
182:Minneapolis
180:company of
126:West Seneca
116:Early years
904:Categories
671:2008-04-19
500:2011-09-28
462:2017-12-30
438:2011-09-28
409:References
308:Ralph Mead
170:myocardium
81:Occupation
35:1919-09-06
950:Medtronic
790:Medtronic
616:. London.
574:9 October
359:resistive
319:pacemaker
297:Wurlitzer
290:impedance
262:In 1968,
211:does not
178:Medtronic
839:Products
804:Covidien
457:ethw.org
432:BBC News
348:and the
317:cell to
174:patented
112:(1990).
108:and the
98:engineer
95:American
84:Engineer
47:New York
391:Harvard
350:cathode
346:lithium
331:Guidant
286:voltage
232:removed
217:sources
43:Buffalo
890:(2014)
882:(2008)
874:(1996)
866:(1990)
813:People
718:
354:iodine
49:, U.S.
397:Death
342:anode
274:cell
166:epoxy
576:2015
215:any
213:cite
152:The
55:Died
29:Born
747:at
344:is
315:WG1
302:in
266:of
226:by
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682:.
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612:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
