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25:
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910:"Geologic Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas in the Williston Basin Province, Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota,Chapter 3 of 7 Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Williston Basin Province of North Dakota, Montana, and South Dakota, 2010,U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS–69–W"
1112:"Williston Basin Province—Stratigraphic and Structural Framework to a Geologic Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources By Lawrence O. Anna, Richard Pollastro, Chapter 2 of 7 Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Williston Basin Province of North Dakota, Montana, and South Dakota, 2010"
305:
in to buy up leases on farm land to explore for oil and by 1954 80% of the possible oil producing areas were under lease. Royal Dutch Shell at that time had leases on over 8 million acres. Many local farmers and area speculators became instant millionaires, leasing land at an average of $ 25 an
949:
Diagenesis and
Fracture Development in the Bakken Formation, Williston Basin: Implications for Reservoir Quality in the Middle Member, by Janet K. Pitman, Leigh C. Price, and Julie A. LeFever, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1653,
145:
that developed in this area about 1.8-1.9 billion years ago, and that created a weak zone that later led to sagging to produce the basin. The
Precambrian basement rocks in the center of the basin beneath the city of
306:
acre and then selling those leases back at a much higher cost per acre. Production peaked in 1986, but in the early 2000s significant increases in production began because of application of
575:
concentrations were discovered in southwestern
Saskatchewan. Production from four wells took place from 1963 to 1977, and resumed again in 2014. The Deadwood Formation, and other Lower
563:
was common from 1920 until 1940, and 320 mines were in operation by 1940. However, production peaked in 1951, and by 1965, only 38 mines were in operation, while by 1999, only 4.
851:
Gibson, R.I., 1995, Basement tectonics and hydrocarbon production in the
Williston Basin: An interpretive overview: 7th Int'l. Williston Basin Symposium, 1995 Guidebook, p. 3-11
293:, and oil was discovered on the same anticline in 1936. The basin did not become a major oil province until the 1950s when large fields were discovered in North Dakota.
516:
1217:
1148:
1197:
1187:
1085:
1140:
860:
Geologic Atlas of the Rocky
Mountain Region, Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, Denver, CO, 1972: p. 81-85, 88-89, 94-97, 168, 184
832:
887:
U. S. Geological Survey 1995 National
Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources, Digital Data Series DDS-30, Release 2, CD-ROM
934:
297:
began the search in 1946. After four years of testing and mapping they started drilling at a promising lease 30 miles north-east of
279:. The basin's oil and gas fields are found in a wide range of geologic ages, as indicated by the generalized stratigraphic column.
271:
The long history of sedimentary deposition in the
Williston Basin included deposition of rocks well suited to serve as hydrocarbon
301:, and on April 4, 1951, discovered oil on the Nesson Anticline, with the Amerada Hess Corporation Clarence Iverson #1 well. Other
959:
896:
869:
131:. The oval-shaped depression extends approximately 475 miles (764 km) north-south and 300 miles (480 km) east-west.
321:
10 m) of natural gas. The largest oil fields are listed in the following table, showing estimated ultimate recoveries.
317:
Cumulative basin production totals about 3.8 billion barrels (600,000,000 m) of oil and 470 billion cubic feet (1.3
201:
Periods, when thick accumulations of limestone and dolomite, with lesser thicknesses of sandstones, siltstones, shales, and
1192:
508:
produced from the
Williston Basin makes Canada the world's leading producer of that commodity. The deposits occur in the
1007:
970:
229:
rejuvenated several basement structures in the
Williston Basin to produce anticlines that serve as oil traps today.
1212:
1207:
1059:
714:
265:
Annual oil production in the US part of the
Williston Basin (ND=North Dakota, SD=South Dakota, MT=Montana)
1202:
981:
536:
1086:"Helium in Southwestern Saskatchewan: Accumulation and Geological Setting, Open File Report 2016-1"
1034:"Fort Union Coal in the Williston Basin, North Dakota: A Synthesis, USGS Professional Paper 1625-A"
679:
544:
734:
722:
621:
556:
298:
210:
147:
645:
796:
789:
769:
528:
350:
176:
142:
8:
777:
750:
718:
683:
661:
552:
307:
294:
559:, and the period from 1900 to 1920 saw a large-scale increase in the lignite industry.
820:
706:
617:
598:
540:
256:
167:
697:, the Williston Basin became the southeastern corner of the Elk Point Basin when the
656:
on the Deadwood. The Winnipeg consists of shallow marine sandstone, shale and shaly
580:
512:
276:
206:
812:
710:
311:
283:
226:
120:
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formations, had the highest concentration. The helium originated through natural
816:
730:
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690:
649:
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179:
showing 12 hydrocarbon source beds and 15 reservoir rocks in the Williston Basin
62:
1111:
909:
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lies unconformably on the Winnipeg, and consists of shallow marine carbonate,
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Era, although total sediment thicknesses were much less than during the
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beds as the Northern Pacific Coal Company. Other mines followed near
746:
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time, but subsidence and basin filling were most intense during the
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giving the formation a distinctive green color. The basin started
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were laid down. Subsidence continued on a reduced scale into the
92:
1110:
Anna, Lawrence; Pollastro, Richard; Gaswirth, Stephanie (2013).
652:, resulting in the deposition of the Winnipeg Group, which lies
527:
The Williston Basin holds large coal deposits, primarily in the
1060:"Helium Trends in North Dakota, Geologic Investigation No. 223"
572:
505:
116:
85:
602:
1091:. Saskatchewan Geological Survey, Government of Saskatchewan
823:
while the Dumas and Hartney craters are still unconfirmed.
669:
185:
Deposition of sediments began in the Williston area during
150:
lie about 16,000 feet (4,900 m) below the surface.
1109:
1005:
1179:
675:. Conformably overlying the Red River is the
213:time. Regional subsidence returned during the
1057:
1031:
1008:"Potash Salts in the Williston Basin, U.S.A."
1006:Anderson, Sidney; Swinehart, Robert (1979).
879:
877:
733:. The Tyler Formation was deposited in the
515:. Major potash-producing companies include
833:List of possible impact structures on Earth
717:, was deposited in the Late Devonian. The
628:surface. The Deadwood is characterized by
16:Sedimentary basin in Montana, United States
897:Oil Exploration History of Williston Basin
282:In 1913, shallow gas was discovered in an
134:The Williston Basin lies above an ancient
1083:
874:
539:. Mining of the coal began in 1873 near
883:Peterson, J., Williston Basin Province,
1218:Geologic provinces of the United States
1141:Discovery of oil in the Williston Basin
811:are located in Williston Basin such as
111:that is known for its rich deposits of
1198:Structural basins of the United States
1180:
1058:Nesheim, Timothy; Kruger, Ned (2019).
535:age, and were first noted during the
547:took over the mine and developed the
1032:Flores, F.M.; Keighin, C.W. (1999).
907:
232:
127:depression; it is transected by the
1188:Sedimentary basins of North America
648:along northeast–southwest trending
13:
753:is characterized by deposition in
14:
1229:
1134:
802:
1065:. North Dakota Geological Survey
1013:. North Dakota Geological Survey
940:, October 1954, pp. 106-109/262.
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52:
32:
23:
1103:
1077:
1051:
1025:
999:
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780:and the Nesson Formation. The
543:, but was soon abandoned. The
225:, tectonic activity during the
953:
943:
935:"Buffalo, Cattle and Now Oil."
928:
901:
890:
863:
854:
845:
310:techniques, especially in the
1:
914:USGS digital Data Series 69-W
838:
624:deposited on the low-relief
237:
7:
1193:Structural basins of Canada
1084:Yurkowski, Melinda (2016).
870:Oil production chart source
826:
42:Location of Williston Basin
10:
1234:
608:
601:rocks, or Lower Paleozoic
537:Lewis and Clark Expedition
343:Est. ult. nat. gas liquids
143:Trans-Hudson Orogenic Belt
119:. The basin is a geologic
992:S.M. Jasinski, "Potash,"
971:Cumulative gas production
960:Cumulative oil production
784:was deposited curing the
772:was deposited during the
721:was deposited during the
715:organic-rich marine shale
636:sediments, with abundant
566:
500:
209:and was largely ended by
1116:Digital Data Series 69-W
680:Stony Mountain Formation
545:Northern Pacific Railway
1213:Geology of Saskatchewan
1208:Geology of North Dakota
908:Anna, Lawrence (2013).
557:Dickinson, North Dakota
522:
299:Williston, North Dakota
148:Williston, North Dakota
71:Tectonic and structure
431:Little Knife, N. Dak.
368:Beaver Lodge, N. Dak.
221:. Near the end of the
996:, June 2010, p.69-70.
465:Blue Buttes, N. Dak.
340:(billion cubic feet)
1118:. USGS. pp. 3–8
797:Fort Union Formation
790:Hell Creek Formation
770:Minnekahta Formation
709:were deposited. The
646:strike-slip movement
529:Fort Union Formation
177:Stratigraphic column
107:, and south-western
1160: /
778:Spearfish Formation
768:environments. The
751:Minnelusa Formation
719:Lodgepole Limestone
684:Stonewall Formation
662:Red River Formation
553:Minot, North Dakota
416:Cabin Creek, Mont.
353:, Richland Co., MT
308:horizontal drilling
295:Amerada Corporation
289:on the Cedar Creek
1203:Geology of Montana
994:Mining Engineering
807:Several confirmed
788:, followed by the
776:, followed by the
737:, and consists of
725:, followed by the
707:Saskatchewan Group
686:, followed by the
618:Deadwood Formation
541:Sims, North Dakota
517:Nutrien and Mosaic
482:Charlson, N. Dak.
345:(million barrels)
335:(million barrels)
938:Popular Mechanics
916:. USGS. p. 2
749:. The overlying
581:radioactive decay
513:Prairie Formation
498:
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233:Natural resources
139:geologic basement
91:basin in eastern
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303:oil firms rushed
284:Upper Cretaceous
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731:Big Snowy Group
699:Elk Point Group
691:Interlake Group
622:transgressively
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510:Middle Devonian
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448:Tioga, N. Dak.
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809:impact craters
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703:Manitoba Group
693:. During the
630:shallow marine
615:Upper Cambrian
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1120:. Retrieved
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1093:. Retrieved
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1067:. Retrieved
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918:. Retrieved
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782:Pierre Shale
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561:Strip-mining
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385:Pine, Mont.
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105:Saskatchewan
101:South Dakota
97:North Dakota
81:
79:
1167: /
821:Eagle Butte
762:river delta
741:sandstone,
739:interbedded
626:Precambrian
593:Precambrian
327:Field Name
136:Precambrian
125:topographic
103:, southern
89:sedimentary
84:is a large
1182:Categories
1164:49°N 104°W
839:References
792:, and the
786:Cretaceous
759:prograding
677:Ordovician
638:glauconite
531:of mostly
351:Elm Coulee
223:Cretaceous
203:evaporites
191:Ordovician
123:but not a
95:, western
813:Viewfield
747:limestone
743:siltstone
666:anhydrite
658:carbonate
642:subsiding
577:Paleozoic
571:In 1952,
533:Paleogene
291:Anticline
287:sandstone
238:Petroleum
219:Paleozoic
113:petroleum
1169:49; -104
827:See also
794:Tertiary
729:and the
695:Devonian
688:Silurian
599:basement
596:granitic
215:Mesozoic
199:Devonian
195:Silurian
187:Cambrian
109:Manitoba
1122:18 July
1095:18 July
1069:18 July
1043:18 July
1017:19 July
920:18 July
774:Permian
660:. The
644:due to
609:Geology
589:thorium
585:uranium
549:lignite
93:Montana
1039:. USGS
819:, and
764:, and
705:, and
668:, and
650:faults
603:shales
573:helium
567:Helium
506:Potash
501:Potash
273:source
197:, and
117:potash
1155:104°W
1089:(PDF)
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1011:(PDF)
713:, an
485:1952
468:1955
451:1952
434:1977
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371:1951
356:2000
1152:49°N
1124:2020
1097:2020
1071:2020
1045:2020
1019:2020
950:2001
922:2020
682:and
670:salt
632:and
620:was
613:The
587:and
555:and
523:Coal
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391:127
377:115
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1021:.
924:.
319:Ă—
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
