508:, and Curley Johnson as having more information, but the three men were already dead. Eventually, a safecracker associated with Grammer named Asa Kirby as the bomber, but before agents could interview Kirby he was shot dead in a "failed jewel heist". Investigators believed that to orchestrate the killing, Hale had tipped off both Kirby and the store owner as to a potential heist of a shipment of diamonds. After this revelation, investigators began to believe Hale was possibly murdering witnesses, with some accusations he tampered with Grammer's car brakes and had poisoned Johnson. Eventually, Burt Lawson, a man serving a prison sentence in McAlester, Oklahoma, came forward to testify he was instructed by Hale and Ernest Burkhart to plant the explosive device in the Smiths' home.
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515:. Hale had bought the life insurance policy in 1921; after his first application had been denied, he reapplied to a second life insurance company with a note signed by Roan certifying that Roan owed Hale $ 25,000 and was approved. When obtaining the required doctor's evaluation for the policy, Hale was asked by the doctor "Bill, what are you going to do, kill this Indian?" to which he responded "Hell yes."
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held that federal courts had jurisdiction) in
Guthrie, Oklahoma. By the time of their first trial, Ernest Burkhart had been sentenced to life imprisonment in Oklahoma courts. The jury began deliberations on August 20 and five days later Hale and Ramsey's first trial resulted in a hung jury. After the
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Mollie later suffered symptoms of poisoning. Mollie fell ill, but later discovered the poisoning and recovered when she moved away. She divorced Ernest afterward, and their children inherited Mollie's estate. Hale's full plan is suspected to have involved the unrealized murders of Mollie, Ernest, and
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Hale was sentenced to life in prison but was paroled on July 31, 1947. During a visit, Hale's relatives said he once remarked, "If that damn Ernest had kept his mouth shut we'd be rich today." He moved to
Phoenix, Arizona around 1950 and died in a nursing home there on August 15, 1962. He was buried
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Agents were also tipped off when they realized the order and methods of the murders appeared to be done in a particular fashion to maximize Mollie's inheritance. For example, Anna Brown was murdered first after her divorce to ensure that her inheritance went to family instead of her former husband,
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to investigate. Investigators initially had trouble finding witnesses with Dick Gregg, a former member of the Al
Spencer gang, being the only living witness. Gregg told investigators Hale had attempted to hire the Al Spencer gang to kill Bill and Reta Smith, but Spencer, the leader of the gang, had
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In 1923, George
Bigheart was taken to Oklahoma City for treatment after drinking poisoned whiskey. Hale and Ernest took Bigheart to the hospital where he asked to see his attorney William Vaughn. Vaughn was killed on the railroad right-of-way outside Pawhuska, Oklahoma the next day after consulting
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in Osage County. He had considerable influence over the local Osage County prosecutor. During his election campaign, the prosecutor sought Hale's endorsement and after receiving it won every precinct near Hale's ranch. Hale used this connection to confer with local investigators during the initial
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In May 1921, Hale hired Kelsie
Morrison to kill Mollie's sister Anna Brown. Morrison later confessed to the murder saying Hale had hired him in exchange for forgiving a $ 600 debt Morrison owed. Half of Anna's headrights were inherited by her mother Lizzie Q, who died exactly sixty days later. Her
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and $ 500 to kill Roan. Hale denied the allegations and claimed to be in Fort Worth at a livestock show during the bombing at the Smiths' house and that he had no reason to want Roan dead. Jury deliberations began on
October 28, and the next morning the jury found them both guilty of first-degree
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by non-Osage people in order to curb the Osage Indian
Murders. Later, in 1978, Congress amended the 1925 legislation, eliminating the blood quantum requirement and adding in language which extended inheritance of Osage mineral headrights to legally adopted children (Osage and non-Osage) of Osage
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murder and sentenced them to life in prison. Hale appealed and was retried. The case was retried in federal court in
Guthrie, Oklahoma, but ended in another hung jury. The next trial in Oklahoma City resulted in another guilty sentence, this time for 99 years. Hale appealed to the
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first trial, several witnesses were indicted, tried, and convicted for taking bribes or giving threatened testimony. Hale and Ramsey's second trial was scheduled for late
October. The trial was transferred to Oklahoma City. Ernest testified that Hale paid Ramsey a new
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bank, and a part interest in the town's general store and funeral home; He also served as a reserve deputy sheriff for
Fairfax. In addition, he owned a 5,000-acre (20 km) ranch (and leased another 45,000 acres (180 km) from Osage landowners).
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to look into the murders. The investigator would later reveal to federal agents that he was hired, not to solve the murders but to manufacture evidence and to coach witnesses to "shape an alibi" for Hale and his accomplices. A
344:, an Osage town, to manage a ranch, and by 1907 he partnered with local bankers to buy his own ranch. Hale was reportedly uneducated, but amassed a fortune through insurance fraud and unfair trade with the native Osage people.
434:, was found shot dead in his car. Hale held a $ 25,000 life insurance policy on Roan. Hale referred to Roan as a "good friend" and served as a pallbearer at his funeral. Hale was later convicted for the murder of Roan.
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Eventually (Hale) became a millionaire, who dominated local politics and seemingly could not be punished for any of the many crimes ...His method of building up power and prestige was... by means of gifts and
555:(who had been in state custody for murdering a police officer) willing to testify that Ernest tried to hire him to do the killings. When confronted with Ernest's testimony, Hale maintained his innocence.
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A warrant for Hale and Ernest's arrest was issued on January 4, 1926, for the murders of Bill and Reta Smith. Ernest was apprehended immediately, but Hale could not be found. According to
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in Kansas. The warden during his stay was Tom White, the man who had headed the investigation into the Osage Indian murders. There Hale worked in the tuberculosis ward and on a
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before settling in what would become Osage County around 1900. By the 1920s, he had amassed substantial influence in the county when he ordered the contract killings of
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In March 1922, Anna Sanford died under mysterious circumstances after marrying Tom McCoy. After Sanford's death, McCoy married Hale's niece.
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In March 1923, Reta Smith, her husband, and a housekeeper were killed when the Smiths' home was bombed. Mollie inherited Reta's headrights.
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lodge pin fastened to the lapel." Hale maintained his innocence, so federal agents focused on interrogating Ernest; he broke and
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in October 1929, sentenced to life in prison, and released on parole in July 1947. Hale died in Arizona in 1962.
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The Osage Nation Tribal Council requested the Bureau of Investigation to examine the murders. The Bureau sent
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William Hale in 1926 (second from the left) and John Ramsey (third from left) flanked by two U.S. Marshals
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The Invasion of Indian Country in the Twentieth Century: American Capitalism and Tribal Natural Resources
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and a new trial was ordered. Hale was tried a final time in federal court at Pawhuska, Oklahoma.
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people and the descendants of those adopted children, in addition to their direct lineal heirs.
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declined because killing a woman was "not my style." Gregg pointed investigators to Al Spencer,
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An Act: To amend certain laws relating to the Osage Tribe of Oklahoma, and for other purposes.
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passed a law to bar the inheritance of Osage headrights from Osage people with over 1/2
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of Oklahoma courts. Hale legal counsel included former attorney general of Oklahoma
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special agent in charge of investigating Hale, wrote in a 1932 memo to FBI Director
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and Reta and Bill Smith were killed simultaneously in a bombing to trigger a
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reports Hale as a mastermind of murders with detailed evidence. In the 2023
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He was convicted in federal court on October 29, 1929, for the murder of
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1416:"How Scorsese, DiCaprio and De Niro Made 'Killers of the Flower Moon'"
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Hale was tried alongside John Ramsey in July 1926 for the murder of
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Police, chief of Fairfax Police, Osage County prosecutor, and local
1314:"Killers of the Flower Moon: The true story behind Scorsese's film"
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A cousin, Charles Whitehorn, was shot and killed a few weeks later.
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People convicted of murder by the United States federal government
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Judge Not! The clouds of seeming guilt may dim thy brother's fame
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their children, leaving the Kyle-Burkhart estate solely to Hale.
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Freedom of Information Act documents on the Osage Indian Murders
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874:(2nd ed.). University Press of Colorado. pp. 39–47.
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in federal court (after the United States Supreme Court case
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For Fate may throw suspicion's shade upon the brightest name.
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other heirs were Mollie, Reta Smith, and Grace Bigheart.
1240:"Transcript 'In Trust' Episode Four: The Guardianship"
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While under trial in 1926, Hale sold his ranch to the
208:(December 24, 1874 – August 15, 1962) was an American
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United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
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FBI Pressroom: Murder and Mayhem in the Osage Hills
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488:(BOI) report eventually concluded the chief of
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1238:Adams-Heard, Rachel (September 19, 2022).
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987:"Oil, Greed, and the Osage Murders"
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551:after being confronted with outlaw
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1589:Anti-Indigenous racism in Oklahoma
1485:The Years of Fear: A Western Story
1399:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
1026:Hayes, Jana (September 14, 2023).
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430:In February 1923, another cousin,
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470:and an influential member of the
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614:United States v. Ramsey (1926)
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1371:. August 17, 1962. p. 27
1312:Rife, Katie (July 17, 2023).
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32:William Hale (disambiguation)
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454:Political cartoon depicting
224:. He made a fortune through
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218:Osage County, Oklahoma
909:"The Reign of Terror"
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133:Osage Indian murders
1564:American Freemasons
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725:Jason Christian of
261:criminal conspiracy
243:, Hale worked as a
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1559:American cattlemen
1420:The New York Times
919:on March 24, 2016.
761:Later renamed the
733:gives Campbell in
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521:simultaneous death
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334:Oklahoma Territory
306:Hunt County, Texas
241:Hunt County, Texas
1525:William King Hale
1364:"William K. Hale"
1145:Tulsa Daily World
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808:"Terror's Legacy"
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460:Enid Morning News
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1468:. Retrieved
1462:
1458:Grann, David
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1431:. Retrieved
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949:May, Jon D.
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917:the original
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110:Burial place
92:(1962-08-15)
55:Hale in 1922
36:
1554:1962 deaths
1549:1874 births
1480:Grove, Fred
1466:. Doubleday
1249:October 11,
731:David Grann
682:David Grann
645:prison farm
541:David Grann
466:Hale was a
410:Mollie Kyle
276:David Grann
257:Mollie Kyle
75:Hunt County
1543:Categories
1446:References
1375:August 16,
1350:Grann 2017
1338:Grann 2017
1300:Grann 2017
1288:Grann 2017
1276:Grann 2017
1264:Grann 2017
1226:Grann 2017
1214:Grann 2017
1202:Grann 2017
1190:Grann 2017
1178:Grann 2017
1166:Grann 2017
1126:Grann 2017
1114:Grann 2017
1102:Grann 2017
1090:Grann 2017
1078:Grann 2017
1066:Grann 2017
1054:Grove 2002
1011:Grann 2017
930:Grann 2017
835:Grann 2017
791:Grove 2002
750:Henry Roan
637:Henry Roan
609:Henry Roan
513:Henry Roan
490:Ponca City
477:Henry Roan
432:Henry Roan
404:for their
390:Henry Roan
342:Gray Horse
314:West Texas
300:Early life
269:Henry Roan
265:headrights
214:crime boss
143:Democratic
120:Occupation
67:1874-12-24
1428:0362-4331
773:Citations
572:allotment
346:Tom White
210:political
160:Relatives
123:Cattleman
1482:(2002).
1470:July 23,
1460:(2017).
1433:June 15,
1323:July 22,
1151:July 22,
996:July 22,
961:July 22,
887:July 22,
817:July 22,
677:In media
322:Comanche
292:'s 2023
239:Born in
166:(nephew)
1395:Pub. L.
545:Masonic
374:Murders
367:Fairfax
361:favors.
153:Paroled
102:Arizona
98:Phoenix
1492:
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1403:95–496
1401:
913:NewsOK
878:
765:(FBI).
660:Legacy
603:Trials
398:Ernest
348:, the
336:, now
332:(then
310:cowboy
255:woman
245:cowboy
232:, and
195:(1929)
155:(1947)
104:, U.S.
81:, U.S.
1451:Books
710:Notes
318:Kiowa
253:Osage
79:Texas
1490:ISBN
1472:2023
1435:2023
1424:ISSN
1377:2023
1325:2023
1251:2022
1153:2023
1041:2023
998:2023
963:2023
889:2023
876:ISBN
819:2023
620:Ford
558:The
212:and
87:Died
61:Born
1527:at
350:FBI
312:in
216:in
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