European dragon - Knowledge

1211: 304:, a cave that identifies it as an ancient creature of earth. Dragons have been mentioned in European literature since antiquity. The dragon was also mentioned explicitly in Viking mythology, such as with the dragon Fafnir. Sigurd can defeat this dragon by digging a pit and then lying in wait. When the dragon creeps over the pit, Sigurd pierces its heart with the sword, slaying it. This concept is also seen in various other dragon stories. In many portrayals of the European dragon, it is shown as a greedy beast who wanted wealth and other valuables. In Viking mythology, Fafnir began as a dwarf but got so greedy that he transformed into a dragon to protect his hoard. In the story of Beowulf, the ultimate quest of the Geatish hero begins when a dragon awakes after a thief steals a cup of gold from it. 626: 140: 2072: 347: 1468: 639: 1019:. After it ate a young shepherd, the people were forced to placate it by leaving two sheep as sacrificial offerings every morning beside the lake where the dragon lived. Eventually, the dragon ate all of the sheep and the people were forced to start offering it their own children. One day, the king's own daughter came up in the lottery and, despite the king's pleas for her life, she was dressed as a bride and chained to a rock beside the lake to be eaten. Then Saint George arrived and saw the princess. When the dragon arrived to eat her, he stabbed it with his lance and subdued it by making the sign of the cross and tying the princess's 980: 1850: 1715: 1488: 1699: 2219: 1987: 1543: 1738: 1242:. The female dragon represents harsh weather and is the destroyer of crops, the hater of mankind, and is locked in a never-ending battle with her brother. The male dragon protects the humans' crops from destruction and is generally benevolent to humanity. Fire and water play major roles in Bulgarian dragon lore: the female has water characteristics, while the male is usually a fiery creature. In Bulgarian legend, The drakons are three-headed, winged beings with snake's bodies. 317: 4709: 1663: 768: 1683: 1606:) is an enormous serpent-like creature with four legs and a pair of wings, or rarely, a two-legged creature with a pair of wings, called a wyvern. As in many other parts of the world, the dragon's face may be like that of some other animal, such as a lion or a bull. As is common elsewhere, Catalan dragons are fire-breathers, and the dragon-fire is all-consuming. Catalan dragons also can emit a fetid odor, which can rot away anything it touches. 2158: 1130: 36: 1115: 2367: 920:

eat the princess, Saint George stabbed the beast with his lance and subdued it by making the sign of the cross and tying the princess's girdle around its neck. Saint George and the princess led the now docile dragon into the town and George promised to kill it if the townspeople would convert to Christianity. All the townspeople converted and Saint George killed the dragon with his sword. The narrative was first set in

380: 1757: 1210: 538:,) a band of travelers ask a shepherd for refreshments. The shepherd asks why they care about refreshments in such a place. An old man asks the travelers if they can help get his son from a well; one of them goes to help. When he does not return to the group, they go search for him. They find a monstrous dragon eating the said man from the group while the old man was nowhere to be seen. 2064:). In 1582 a fire destroyed the gate. At that time the walls had fallen into disuse, for this reason the gate and the surrounding wall have never been rebuilt. The serpent, become dragon, was retained as informal symbol of Madrid until the 19th century, when it was decided to incorporate the dragon in the coat of arms. The dragon then turned into a 1201:

It is said that a very old snake can transform into an ala. Some depictions of alas are confusingly said to have the bodies of women. Other alas look like dragons. The number of heads on an ala may vary. Alas are enemies of the zmeys and it is sometimes said in south Slavic folklore that thunder is a

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Sea serpents are also called orms in Nordic languages, wyrms in Old English and worms in Middle English. These "dragons" are usually evil, much like dragon-like creatures of Greece and other dragons of Continental Europe; however, there are exceptions, and many do not want to go to battle unless they

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around its neck. Saint George and the princess led the now docile dragon into the town and George promised to kill it if the townspeople would convert to Christianity. All the townspeople converted and Saint George killed the dragon with his sword. In some versions, Saint George marries the princess,

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had a tale of slaying a dragon and saving a princess. While this story is pre-Christian, Saint George is what made it popular. The actual Saint George died in 303 A.D.. His story is about taming and slaying a dragon that demanded a sheep and a human virgin sacrifice every day. When the dragon went to

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and modern fiction. In the modern period and late medieval times, the European dragon is typically depicted as a huge fire-breathing, scaly, and horned lizard-like creature, with wings (usually leathery bat-like, sometimes feathered), two or four legs, and a long muscular tail. It is sometimes shown

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image of a dragon developed in western Europe during the Middle Ages through the combination of the snakelike dragons of classical Graeco-Roman literature, references to Near Eastern dragons preserved in the Bible, and European folk traditions including descriptions and drawings of animals named as

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arrived in Umbria and freed the population of Fornole from the ferocity of the dragon, pacifying the dragon. Grateful for his deed, the population built a small church dedicated to the saint on the top of the mountain near the dragon's lair in the 13th century. In the apse of the church there is a

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and claimed that it could mesmerise people with its glance, so the young man who decided to kill the beast equipped himself with a shiny shield, so that the dragon's glance would be reflected. When the young man arrived at the cave where the dragon lived, he could kill it easily because the dragon

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from about 1260. It has two pairs of wings and two pairs of legs to go with them, and a tail longer than most modern depictions of dragons, but it clearly displays many of the same distinctive features. Otherwise four-legged dragons are not seen until the fifteenth century, for instance in Lambeth

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holiday. The fighting has a symbolic meaning: when the coca defeats Saint George the crops will be bad and there will be famine and death; when Saint George defeats the coca and cuts off her tongue and ears, the crops will have a good year and it announces prosperity. Still, she is called "saint"

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to 1 AD. Some suggest that the native Britons of Europe may have brought the dragon with them when they migrated to Britain before the Roman age. The earliest known use of the dragon by the Celts appear in swords and sheaths in the 4th century BC. One example found in Britain is an early Iron Age

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bite, and poisonous breath; all of these indicate a snake-like form and movement rather than with a lizard-like or dinosaur-like body as in later depictions, and no legs or wings are mentioned (although it is able to fly); however it shows several dragon features that later became popular: it

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genre, however, there has been a trend of originally depicting dragons in a positive light: as allies instead of enemies, the red dragon of Wales, and the brother dragon of Poland. Dragons are increasingly viewed as friends of humans and as highly intelligent and noble creatures, while still

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in the Middle Ages. One day, a young and brave knight of the noble House of Cittadini, tired of witnessing the death of his fellow citizens and the depopulation of Terni, faced the wyvern and killed it. From that day, the town assumed the creature in its coat of arms, accompanied by a Latin

860:, who immediately begin fighting. Merlin delivers a prophecy that the white dragon will triumph over the red, symbolizing England's conquest of Wales, but declares that the red dragon will eventually return and defeat the white one. This story remained popular throughout the 15th century. 653:

in diverse styles and is presumed to have derived from ancient folklore of the Middle East and Greece which is serpent-like. Both the Greeks and the Romans considered the serpent to be a guardian spirit, represented on their altars. Western Celtic peoples were familiar with dragons in the

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Wyverns are usually evil in Italy, and there are many stories of wyverns being slain. Dragons also trick demons in Italian legends. The legend of Saint George and the wyvern is well known in Italy, but other saints are also depicted fighting wyverns. For instance, the first bishop of

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as "a great dragon, flaming red, with seven heads and ten horns". Much of St John's literary inspiration is late Hebrew and Greek, but his dragon is more likely to have symbolized the dragons from the Near East. In the Roman Empire, each military cohort had a particular identifying

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she carried irritated the hydra's innards. The Golden Legend, in an atypical moment of scepticism, describes this last incident as "apocryphal and not to be taken seriously" (trans. Ryan, 1.369), which did not prevent the legend from being popular and getting artistic treatments.

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Dragons are generally depicted as having an underground lair or cave, or living in rivers. They are envisioned as greedy and gluttonous, with voracious appetites. Dragons are often identified with Satan, due to the references to Satan as a "dragon" in the Book of Revelation.

717:, or a snake with two pairs of lizard-type legs, and breathing fire from their mouths. This traces back to the continental dragon, commonly referred to as a fire-breathing dragon. The continental, like many other European dragons, has bat-like wings growing from its back. 958:". A cockatrice is supposedly born when a serpent hatches an egg that has been laid on a dunghill by a rooster, and it is so venomous that its breath and its gaze are both lethal to any living creature, except for a weasel, which is the cockatrice's mortal enemy. A " 881:

and the dragon vanished. In some versions of the story, she is swallowed by the dragon alive and, after making the sign of the cross in the dragon's stomach, emerges unharmed - or in another version, after a physical cross she carried irritated the dragon's innards.

954:" (with two legs). In myths, wyverns are associated with viciousness, envy, and pestilence, but in heraldry, they symbolise the overthrowing of the tyranny of Satan and his demonic forces. Late medieval heraldry also distinguished a dragon-like creature known as a " 1357:. Their number of heads ranges from one to seven or sometimes even more, with three- and seven-headed Zmeys being most commonly cited. The heads also regrow if cut off, unless the neck is "treated" with fire (similar to the hydra in Greek mythology). 2123:

Mr. Mainwaring-Ellerker-Onslow's house was represented by a sea-dragon. This dragon is normal, in today's standards, for half its body and the other half has no hind legs and a large end of the tail. This is closer to the Chinese model of dragons.

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filled with gold and treasure and is often associated with a great hero who tries to slay it. Though a winged creature, the dragon is generally to be found in its underground lair, a cave that identifies it as an ancient creature of earth.

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and its equivalents in vernacular languages, which occurred in oral and written literature, including in classical literature. This led to the depiction in this literature of "modern-type" dragons, whose features are described below.

852:, but the tower keeps being swallowed into the ground. Merlin informs Vortigern that underneath the foundation he has built is a pool with two dragons sleeping in it. Vortigern orders the pool to be drained, exposing a 696:

During the early Middle Ages, European culture was largely out of contact with classical literature for centuries. During this time there was a gradual change in the usual mental image of the "dragon", i.e. the Latin

683:. Discovery of Celtic dragon-pairs in the Thames suggests that links existed between Britain and the rest of the Celtic world in the decades around 300 B.C. Evidence in coins also show Celticised dragons in 50–45 BC. 950:. Originally, heraldic dragons could have any number of legs, but, by the late Middle Ages, due to the widespread proliferation of bestiaries, heraldry began to distinguish between a "dragon" (with four legs) and a " 278:-like creature; the creature also has leathery, bat-like wings, four legs, and a long, muscular prehensile tail. Some depictions show dragons with one or more of: feathered wings, crests, ear frills, fiery manes, 658:

wore Celtic decorations with motifs of dragons on them during the Roman invasion. There is also archaeological evidence that the continental Celts used brooches and pins in the form of a dragon during the

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Barber, Elizabeth Wayland, and Paul T. Barber. "Fire-Breathing Dragons." In When They Severed Earth from Sky: How the Human Mind Shapes Myth, 231–44. PRINCETON; OXFORD: Princeton University Press, 2004.

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filled with sulphur and tar. After devouring it, the dragon became so thirsty that it finally exploded after drinking too much water. In the oldest, 12th-century version of this fantasy tale, written by

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promised that, if the people would build a church, he would rid them of the dragon. Romanus slew the dragon and its severed head was mounted on the walls of the city as the first gargoyle.

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with one or more of a crest, a fiery mane, ivory spikes running down its spine, and various exotic colourations. Dragon's blood often has magical properties. The typical dragon protects a

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mythology are either male or female, and each gender has a different view of mankind. The female dragon and male dragon, often seen as sister and brother, represent different forces of

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types of snakes but inaccurately drawn with wings and/or legs. The period between the 11th and 13th centuries represents the height of European interest in dragons as living creatures.

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inscription: "Thyrus et amnis dederunt signa Teramnis" ("Thyrus and the river gave their insignia to Terni"), that stands under the banner of the town of Terni, honoring this legend.

2002:, there are many examples of dragons as heraldic symbols (particularly “dragantes”: two opposing dragon faces biting some figure). Dragons were introduced as heraldic symbols by King 2351: 1007:

is recorded as early as the sixth century AD, but the earliest artistic representations of it come from the 11th century and the first full account of it comes from an 11th-century

2436:. The books are set in a fictional Viking world and focus on the experiences of protagonist Hiccup as he overcomes great obstacles on his journey of Becoming a Hero, the Hard Way. 1868:'s. Dragons are traditionally depicted with tongues ending in a barbed tip; recent heraldry depicts their tails as ending with a similar barb, but this trait originated after the 1160:, "the red dragon"). Early Welsh writing associates dragons with war leaders, and in legend, Nennius, in Historia Birttonum, tells of a vision of the red dragon (representing the 2270:, European-type dragons are often depicted without front legs, and, when on the ground, standing and walking pterosaur-fashion on their back feet and the wrists of their wings. 463:, with large, gaping jaws of silver and with the rest of the body formed of colored silk. With the jaws facing into the wind, the silken body inflated and rippled, resembling a 2992: 1361:

is so poisonous that Earth itself will refuse to absorb it. In Bulgarian mythology these "dragons" are sometimes good, opposing the evil Lamya /ламя/, a beast similar to the

2345: 1434:. A metal sculpture of the Wawel Dragon is a well-known tourist sight in Kraków. The Wawel Dragon appears in the coat of arms of the Polish princes, the Piasts of Czersk. 2134: 1971:

In continental European heraldry, the term "dragon" covers a greater variety of creatures than it does in British systems, including creatures such as the wyvern, the

3947: 2247:, the first and last serpent, that, in his newly coined legend, would arise again some time in the future bringing the rebirth of an independent republic for the 2097:

the incorporation of the dragon crest of the royal coat of arms in its municipal coat of arms, in gratitude for the support given to him by the city during the

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seems to be where the English got their figure of a dragon. It is represented as a traditional one with scales, four legs, wings, sharp teeth, and horns.

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The Celtic dragon may have developed from a horned and poisonous and/or fire breathing snake. It is mostly a snake that is transformed into a monster.

3746: 1662: 2543: 2068:, and the griffin disappeared from the coat of arms in 1967, although the heraldic dragon remains carved in stone in many monuments around the city. 3795: 285:

In folktales, dragon's blood often contains unique powers, keeping them alive for longer or giving them poisonous or acidic properties. The typical

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popular from late medieval times through the 17th century often represent the dragon as an emblem of greed. The prevalence of dragons in European

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Stein, Ruth M. "The Changing Styles in Dragons—from Fáfnir to Smaug." Elementary English 45, no. 2 (1968): 179–89. www.jstor.org/stable/41386292.

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In British heraldry, dragons are depicted as four-legged, distinguishing them from the two-legged wyvern. They always possess wings similar to a

1773:, was said to have killed a wyvern to save the city, so he is often depicted in the act of slaying a wyvern. Likewise, the first patron saint of 2723: 1583:, the Basque male god, is often associated with the serpent or dragon but can take other forms as well. His name can be read as "male serpent". 2356: 2740: 4723: 2503: 2254:

Dragons have long been portrayed in modern times as greedy treasure-hoarders, lusting for gold and precious gems. In such stories as

580:, but with its size and strength greatly exaggerated so that it can kill an elephant by constricting its neck; this battle between a 177: 297:. An evil dragon is often associated with a great hero who tries to slay it, and a good one is said to give support or wise advice. 1931: 1202:

product of alas and zmeys fighting. Alas are considered evil or malevolent, while zmeys are usually considered good or benevolent.

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Classical European dragons are often described as illuminating the air. This is often taken by Christian writers as a metaphor for

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in western England, which too bore a dragon, or a wyvern, as a symbol. The Wessex beast is usually colored gold in illustrations.

1918:(who were of Welsh origin). Queen Elizabeth, however, preferring gold, changed the color of the dragon supporter from red to gold 3925:

Malone, Michael S. The Guardian of All Things: The Epic Story of Human Memory. New York City, New York: St. Martin's Press, 2012.

3855: 3574: 3706: 962:" is a serpent with the head of a dragon at the end of its tail that is born when a toad hatches an egg that has been laid in a 4774: 100: 3865: 3845: 3805: 3716: 3696: 3483: 3122: 3049: 2811: 2784: 72: 3625: 675:. Two other swords and scabbards (also from the bottom of the river Thames) are thought to include a dragon pair from the 3944: 3525: 2263:

remaining the fearsome beasts of legend. They are frequently shown as guardians and close friends of individual humans.

774:, a medieval bestiary dated to around 1260 AD, contains the oldest recognizable image of a fully modern, Western dragon. 4769: 3825: 3726: 2801: 2508: 1234:

hold mixed temperaments towards humans. For example, Drakons (дракон, змей, ламя, (х)ала; dracon, zmey, lamya, ala) in

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used as waterspouts on buildings. One medieval French legend holds that, in ancient times, a fearsome dragon known as

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In relatively recent additions to the image of a dragon, the tongue and the tail ended with a barb. The house of the

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incorporates the old Porto municipal coat of arms with the dragon crest; this is why the dragon was adopted as the

53: 2774: 2225:'s fire-breathing dragon animatronic. Removed in 2014 due to high maintenance costs and its drying-out rubber skin 625: 3599: 86: 2448:

is set in a dragon-dominant world where five dragonets must complete a prophecy to end a twenty-year-long war.

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that depicts an archetypical Western European dragon protecting a treasure from getting stolen by the public.

2183: 1760:"Saint Silvestro resurrects two magicians, and the Fornole dragon", Vernio Bardi Chapel, Santa Croce (Florence) 57: 17: 3835: 3417: 2359:

is based on an actual legend of the Welsh Borders, which tells that the last great dragon is asleep under the

4816: 4794: 2720: 2498: 2488: 1523: 794:, dragon-like creatures and dragons in Christian literature are usually portrayed as evil, except mainly in 68: 2444: 2403: 2041: 1682: 1656:

is also represented in Portuguese mythology and used to take part in celebrations during the Middle Ages.

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are intelligent, but not greatly so, often demanding tribute from villages or small towns in the form of

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series depicts dragons as noble and kind beasts, having the ability to marry and reproduce with humans.

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in the north of Spain. It usually lives in a cave, guards treasures and keeps nymph-like beings called

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and thrown back into her cell, is said to have been confronted by a monstrous dragon, but she made the

374: 327: 4936: 4931: 4872: 1965: 1899: 1801: 1599: 1587: 1147: 1061:. The Germanic stories of lindworms have them guarding a treasure hoard. The lindworm Fafnir guarded 831: 460: 1721: 638: 346: 4941: 4900: 4857: 4779: 3689:

Carving Gargoyles, Grotesques, and Other Creatures of Myth: History, Lore, and 12 Artistic Patterns

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full of ancient treasure. The treasure was cursed and brought ill to those who later possessed it.

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was famously said to have had two gold dragons crowned with red standing back-to-back on his royal

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The crest of the Lancashire family have a crest of the wyvern without wings and the tail knotted.

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In England, a rampant red dragon (clutching a mace) is still the heraldic symbol of the county of

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Scobie, Alex (July 1977). "An Ancient Greek Drakos-Tale in Apuleius' Metamorphoses VIII, 19-21".

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is a legendary creature that resembles a wingless dragon or serpent. The most famous lindworm in

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Palace Library MS 6, depicting the fight between a white and a red dragon from Arthurian legend.

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to gold and ermine. There may be some doubt of the Welsh origin of the dragon supporter of the

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frequently includes dragons, and people who can change between human shape and dragon shape.

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The Duke of Marlborough uses a wyvern sitting erect upon its tail with its claws in the air.

1961: 1872:. During and before this era, dragons were always depicted with tails ending in a blunt tip. 778:

An early image of a "modern-style" Western dragon appears in an illustration in the bestiary

93: 3768: 4862: 4644: 4611: 3669: 3600:"La misteriosa leyenda del dragón que formó parte del escudo de Madrid durante tres siglos" 3499: 2389: 2313: 2090: 2086: 1935: 1414: 1142: 825: 727: 199: 3461: 1419: 1080:

feel threatened. These serpents are limbless and wingless. The most famous sea serpent in

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Nickel, Helmut (1989). "Of Dragons, Basilisks, and the Arms of the Seven Kings of Rome".

2331: 2300: 2116:’s image of a dragon does no such thing, with the tail being long and pointy. The German 2075: 1991: 1876: 1797: 1629:), a female dragon-like creature with two prominent breasts, two claws, two wings and an 1338: 1300: 1123: 870: 568: 521:, a multiple-headed serpentine swamp monster killed by Heracles, is said to be a dragon. 3500:"Ślady recepcji legend arturiańskich w heraldyce Piastów czerskich i kronikach polskich" 3248:

Herman, Alexander B.; Paoletti, John (2004). "Re-Reading Jackson Pollock's "She-Wolf"".

2243:, a romantic myth creator of the 19th century, fused these myths in his own creation of 1471:

Statue of the Armenian god Vahagn the Dragon Slayer choking a dragon in Yerevan, Armenia

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as a big and very long wingless snake, drawn rather fancifully, surrounding the scene.

642: 506: 411: 274:, the European dragon is typically depicted as a large, fire-breathing, scaly, horned, 227: 157: 2604:

Kiessling, Nicolas K. (1970). "Antecedents of the Medieval Dragon in Sacred History".

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Roman dragons developed from serpentine Greek ones, combined with the dragons of the

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by a nine-year-old cockatrice. Like the cockatrice, its glare is said to be deadly.

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Another poem tells of another dragon that lived near the village of Fornole, near

1345:), is generally an evil, four-legged beast with few, if any, redeeming qualities. 753: 4905: 4743: 4553: 4423: 4333: 4248: 4215: 3951: 3895: 3882:, vol. 6, New York City, New York: Robert Appleton Company, pp. 453–455 2965: 2733: 2493: 2433: 2420: 2218: 1809: 1641: 1542: 1496: 1487: 1378: 1081: 1054: 1033: 943: 905: 749: 706: 542: 490: 300:

Though a winged creature, the dragon is generally to be found in its underground

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While this is comparatively rare to have, two cockatrices are the supporters to

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in the earliest sources of the 11th and 12th centuries. The later 13th-century

799: 655: 530: 518: 4571: 4483: 3008: 2040:, a dragon. This dragon has its origin in a dragon, or a serpent according to 1633:'s beak. Dracs, Víbries and other mythological figures used to participate in 1085: 267:", showing that in his time the two words probably could mean the same thing. 4925: 4601: 4498: 4473: 4371: 4366: 4313: 4170: 4115: 4039: 3269: 3016: 2360: 2037: 1986: 1915: 1547: 1391: 1308: 1225: 1214: 1156: 1119: 1016: 926: 908:

once each year to appease its hunger. Then, in around 600 AD, a priest named

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from Viking-age Sweden, around 1030, depicts events related in the Old Norse

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Gosden, Christopher; Crawford, Sally; Ulmschneider, Katharina (2014-08-29).

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https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Pliny_the_Elder/home.html

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The red dragon features on, and is the name of, the national flag of Wales (

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Mythology in the Middle Ages: Heroic Tales of Monsters, Magic, and Might

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There is a legend that a dragon dwelled in the Peña Uruel mountain near

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Celtic sword that features two opposing dragons, queried to be from the

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More prevalent are the legends about dragons in Italy, particularly in

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Dragons are usually shown in modern times with a body more like a huge

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Drager, mellom myte og virkelighet (Dragons: between myth and reality)

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holds that a dragon kept pillaging the sheep of the town of Silene in

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to kill it, but only once did God agree to accompany him in person.

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mesmerised itself. This legend is very similar to the Greek myth of

1396: 1129: 301: 209: 35: 4659: 4639: 4591: 4543: 4428: 4341: 4318: 4308: 4298: 4278: 4238: 4090: 3749:, in Gosman, Martin; MacDonald, Alasdair; Vanderjagt, Arjo (eds.), 2695: 2379: 2371: 2324: 2234: 2144:

is a crest comes from the families of Barret, Crespine, and Lownes.

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coca just as George is called saint, and the people cheer for her.

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is a series of twelve children's books, written by British author

2006:, who used a dragon on his helmet to show that he was the king of 1766: 4576: 4508: 4478: 4468: 4356: 4293: 4263: 4258: 4220: 4085: 4044: 2561:

Wallace, Howard (1948). "Leviathan and the Beast in Revelation".

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of the shield of the arms of Portugal. In the 19th century, King

2085:

since at least the 14th century. Later, two wyverns were used as

2065: 1979:. In German heraldry, the four-legged dragon is referred to as a 1431: 1400: 1358: 1161: 1062: 873:, a virgin martyr who, after being tortured for her faith in the 845: 722: 600: 453: 425: 409:

was a classic representation of a Near Eastern dragon. St John's

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breathed fire, flew, lived underground, and collected treasure.

470:

Several personifications of evil or allusions to dragons in the

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Fifteenth-century manuscript illustration of the battle of the

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spikes running down its spine, and various exotic decorations.

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Fantastic stories were invented in the Middle Ages to explain

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Dragon in a granite Relief (14th century). San Anton Museum (

1404: 1395:, the Dragon of Wawel Hill. It supposedly terrorized ancient 1266: 901: 897: 821: 741: 416: 289:

in Christian culture protects a cavern or castle filled with

279: 3753:, Leiden, The Netherlands and Boston, Massachusetts: Brill, 3623: 3284: 3157: 3155: 2861:"Y Ddraig yn Nychymyg a Llenyddiaeth y Cymry c.600 – c.1500" 2258:, the theft of such treasure sparks a dragon's fury. In the 4105: 3941:

excerpts from Greek sources, illustrations, lists and links

3346: 3315: 2033: 1689: 1602:. Like most mythical reptiles, the Catalan dragon (Catalan 1546:

Illumination in a 12th-century manuscript of a letter from

1531: 1517: 1437:

Other dragon-like creatures in Polish folklore include the

1354: 1283: 1172:. A version of this particular legend also features in the 1097: 1093: 576:

as a big constricting snake found in India, presumably the

290: 213: 3956: 3860:, New York City, New York and London, England: Routledge, 3797:

The Guardian of All Things: The Epic Story of Human Memory

3773:, New York City, New York and London, England: Routledge, 3660:"Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles, (28 Feb. 1871–19 May 1928)", 3198: 2799: 2237:

demonstrates that there is more to the dragon than greed.

1902:, the red dragon of Wales on the flag originated with the 1507:, or Cuelebre, a giant winged serpent in the mythology of 4120: 3939:

Theoi Project website: Dragons of Ancient Greek Mythology

3219: 3217: 3215: 3213: 3152: 1865: 3817:

St George: Knight, Martyr, Patron Saint and Dragonslayer

3691:, Petersburg, Pennsylvania: Fox Chapel Publishing Inc., 3142: 3140: 3138: 3136: 3134: 1820:. One of the most famous wyverns of Italian folklore is 1808:

in the shape of a hydra, but she escaped alive when the

1796:

According to the Golden Legend, compiled by the Italian

3857:

Storytelling: An Encyclopedia of Mythology and Folklore

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In Scandinavian and continental Germanic folklore, the

896:

had been causing floods and sinking ships on the river

584:

and an elephant is repeated with much embellishment in

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parti per fess Argent and Vert; a dragon Gules passant

3581:(in Spanish). decir dragón era casi decir ‘de Aragón’ 3358: 3176: 3174: 3172: 3170: 3131: 2307:

Many of these modern ideas were first popularised by

1569:, meaning "last serpent". The most famous legend has 1448: 517:

out of revenge for Python tormenting his mother. The

3229: 3087: 3075: 1945:. The county once formed part of the early medieval 1704:

Cucafera during the "Festa Major de Santa Tecla" in

1644:

is a female wyvern that battles Saint George on the

1503:

Iberian dragons are almost always evil, such as the

1011:

text. The most famous version of the story from the

551:(book 8, chapters 11 & 13) describes the Indian 255:

lines 163–201, describing a shepherd battling a big

3747:"Politics and the Occult in the Court of Edward IV" 3391: 3370: 3327: 3186: 3065: 3063: 3061: 60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3945:The History of Europe's Medieval Dragons and Times 3167: 2048:in the arch of a gate of the disappeared walls of 1841:fresco representing the iconography of the saint. 1164:) and the white dragon (representing the invading 3897:The Warrior Saints in Byzantine Art and Tradition 3410: 1027: 4923: 3705:Fee, Christopher R. (2011), Chance, Jane (ed.), 3626:"Madrid: El dragón alado en el escudo de Madrid" 3541: 3539: 3537: 3535: 3058: 2779:. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 31. 1793:, is also frequently depicted slaying a wyvern. 3800:, New York City, New York: St. Martin's Press, 3711:, Praeger Series on the Middle Ages, ABC-CLIO, 2334:also depicted sympathetic dragon characters in 1185: 969: 497:, a hundred-headed dragon, guarded the tree of 3247: 1994:. The city is also known as 'the Swamp Dragon' 1744:, alabaster with traces of gilding, Toulouse, 440:military standard entered the Legion with the 3972: 3820:, Edison, New Jersey: Chartwell Books, Inc., 3724: 3532: 3321: 3309: 395:, in the context of the hybrid Greek/Eastern 3552:. New York: Gramercy Books. pp. 224–6. 2025:; translating in English as "dragon king"). 1891:(rearing). They are very rarely depicted as 3624:Madridjrcalzado.bolgspot.com (2016-08-09). 2424:series includes dragons and dragon-riders. 2382:has since 1979 an animatronic scene in the 2186:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1422:, the dragon was defeated by two sons of a 1273:lore, the dragon-like creature, or "змей" ( 974: 829: 3979: 3965: 3545: 2826: 1413:, it was killed by a boy who offered it a 461:a large dragon fixed to the end of a lance 368: 2603: 2504:List of dragons in mythology and folklore 2323:has prominent dragons in her books about 2206:Learn how and when to remove this message 1922:, in parallel to her change of the royal 1096:, who will one day kill and be killed by 869:, written in Latin, records the story of 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 3900:, Farnham, England: Ashgate Publishing, 3873: 3352: 2803:Celtic Art in Europe: Making Connections 2597: 2365: 2217: 2070: 1985: 1848: 1755: 1736: 1541: 1486: 1466: 1209: 1128: 1113: 1024:but, in others, he continues wandering. 978: 766: 637: 624: 555:as a big constricting snake, likely the 378: 345: 3853: 3751:Princes and Princely Culture: 1450-1650 3725:Friar, Stephen; Ferguson, John (1993), 3664:, Oxford University Press, 2007-12-01, 3497: 3435:. Oxford University Press. p. xii. 3223: 3204: 3037: 2844:The Princes and Principalities of Wales 2560: 1407:castle. According to lore based on the 629:Celtic sword heath showing dragon 50 AD 415:—Greek literature, not Roman—describes 14: 4924: 3893: 3813: 3793: 3744: 3430: 3364: 3180: 3161: 3146: 3100: 2993:"Celtic Dragons from the River Thames" 2941:"sword; sword-sheath | British Museum" 2878:"sword; sword-sheath | British Museum" 2768: 2766: 2681: 2638: 2459:combines dragons with tropes from the 2083:greater royal coat of arms of Portugal 2081:A dragon was used as the crest of the 1895:(with their tail between their legs). 740:, "to bend", and it is said to have a 603:, whose name means "bearer of light". 27:Mythical creature in European folklore 3960: 3837:Dragons: The Myths, Legends, and Lore 3833: 3766: 3655: 3653: 3651: 3649: 3647: 3645: 3528:(in Portuguese). Municipal de Monção. 3445: 3404: 3385: 3340: 3112: 3106: 3081: 2990: 2967:British Iron Age swords and scabbards 2963: 2855: 2853: 2841: 2772: 1479:) is the Armenian word for "dragon". 3840:, Avon, Massachusetts: Adams Media, 3686: 3670:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u196567 3421:by Nennius (translated by J.A.Giles) 3235: 3192: 2184:adding citations to reliable sources 2151: 1883:(with all four legs on the ground), 840:witnesses the Romano-Celtic warlord 815: 350:Mosaic of the third century BC from 311: 58:adding citations to reliable sources 29: 3704: 3546:Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles (1909). 3069: 2763: 2739:chapter 21 (English translation) / 2363:, imprisoned there by St. Michael. 1565:is the name given to the dragon in 493:often guard treasure. For example, 144:Illustration of a winged dragon by 24: 3915: 3642: 2850: 2509:List of dragons in popular culture 2343:Ffyrnig, the Last Great Dragon of 1732: 1482: 938:Dragons are prominent in medieval 930:transferred the setting to Libya. 25: 4953: 3932: 3814:Morgan, Giles (21 January 2009), 3575:"Dragones buenos, dragones malos" 3572: 2900: 2753:"Medieval Bestiary : Dragon" 2349:, the first book in the story of 2273: 2147: 617: 4707: 4582:Laidly Worm of Spindleston Heugh 2917:"sword; sheath | British Museum" 2684:The Journal of American Folklore 2278:Dragons play prominent roles in 2156: 1960:. Welsh rugby teams include the 1724:(Spain) (1600) dancing during a 1713: 1697: 1681: 1661: 1609:The Catalans also distinguish a 828:recounts a famous legend in his 315: 138: 34: 3617: 3592: 3566: 3518: 3491: 3462:Mistrz Wincenty (tzw. Kadłubek) 3454: 3439: 3424: 3241: 3038:Arsdell, Robert D. Van (1989). 3031: 2991:Stead, I. M. (September 1984). 2984: 2957: 2933: 2909: 2894: 2870: 2835: 2829:The Roman Occupation of Britain 2820: 2793: 2544:"Legend of the European Dragon" 2352:Jonah and the Last Great Dragon 2060:" (Closed Gate or Wyrm Gate in 1934:, but it certainly was used by 1148:History of the Kings of Britain 1103: 1088:, who is actually the child of 1068: 989:Saint George slaying the dragon 900:, so the people of the town of 844:attempting to build a tower on 424:(military standard); after the 45:needs additional citations for 3679: 2745: 2727: 2710: 2675: 2632: 2606:Journal of Biblical Literature 2554: 2536: 2522: 2266:After the discovery of fossil 1879:, dragons are typically shown 1028:Germanic dragon-like creatures 686: 13: 1: 2964:Stead, Ian Mathieson (2006). 2515: 2499:List of dragons in literature 2489:Dragons in Manipuri mythology 2286:legendarium, particularly in 1898:According to heraldic writer 1844: 1742:Saint Margaret and the Dragon 1637:during popular celebrations. 996: 983:Manuscript illustration from 664: 649:The dragon motif is known in 606: 3894:Walter, Christopher (2003), 3549:A complete guide to heraldry 2903:Antiquaries Journal (Vol.64) 2530:"Appendix Vergiliana: Culex" 1990:Dutch dragon in the city of 1857:("Saint George") in western 1853:Coat of arms of the town of 1186:Slavic dragon-like creatures 1055:Norse and Germanic mythology 1038: 970:Dragons in specific cultures 691: 307: 7: 3986: 3794:Malone, Michael S. (2012), 2806:. Oxbow Books. p. 27. 2641:Metropolitan Museum Journal 2466: 1956:The Welsh flag is blazoned 1668:"Festa da Coca" during the 1590:, in no small part because 1005:Saint George and the Dragon 933: 836:in which the child prophet 654:pre-Christian age and that 474:are translated as forms of 10: 4958: 3922:doi:10.2307/j.ctt7rt69.22. 3874:Thurston, Herbert (1909), 3854:Sherman, Josepha (2015) , 3498:Górczyk, Wojciech (2010). 2563:The Biblical Archaeologist 2548:www.medievalchronicles.com 2484:Dragons in Greek mythology 2405:Tales of the Frog Princess 2346:Legend of the Heart Eaters 1887:(with one leg raised), or 1750:Metropolitan Museum of Art 1586:Dragons are well known in 1452: 1399:and lived in caves on the 1223: 1194: 1107: 1072: 1042: 1031: 610: 375:Dragons in Greek mythology 372: 361: 4893: 4873:Dragon Bridge (Ljubljana) 4827: 4762: 4716: 4705: 4677: 4625: 4552: 4399: 4332: 4229: 4078: 4022: 4001: 3994: 3880:The Catholic Encyclopedia 3745:Hughes, Jonathan (2005), 3322:Friar & Ferguson 1993 3310:Friar & Ferguson 1993 3041:Celtic Coinage of Britain 3009:10.1017/S0003581500080410 2298:, and in the unconnected 2135:Sir Edmund Charles Nugent 1966:Cardiff City Blue Dragons 1900:Arthur Charles Fox-Davies 1824:, a wyvern that besieged 1802:Saint Margaret the Virgin 1640:In Portuguese mythology, 1598:) is the patron saint of 1588:Catalan myths and legends 1554:(Bibl. Municipale, MS 2, 1342: 1330: 1318: 1304: 1292: 1278: 1230:Dragon-like creatures of 904:would offer the dragon a 871:Saint Margaret of Antioch 832:Historia Regum Britanniae 633: 536:Metamorphoses of Apuleius 205: 191: 183: 173: 163: 153: 137: 4858:Dragon and Tiger Pagodas 3767:Jones, David E. (2000), 3606:(in Spanish). 2014-10-15 2429:How to Train Your Dragon 2044:, that was shown on the 1906:of the 7th-century king 1449:Armenian "dragon": Վիշապ 1205: 1100:, Norse god of thunder. 975:St George and the Dragon 875:Diocletianic Persecution 726:refers to a dragon as a 656:native people of Britain 146:Friedrich Justin Bertuch 4868:Dragon Bridge (Da Nang) 3770:An Instinct for Dragons 3431:Davies, Sioned (2007). 3113:Ørmen, Torfinn (2005). 2997:The Antiquaries Journal 2842:Jones, Frances (1969). 1441:, living in cellars of 1368: 1190: 1122:, showing a red dragon 369:Greek and Roman dragons 270:In and after the early 4787:Dungeons & Dragons 4724:Mythology and folklore 3446:Heinz, Sabine (2008). 3044:. Spink. p. 126. 2827:Haverfield, F (1924). 2773:Heinz, Sabine (2008). 2415:A Song of Ice and Fire 2375: 2330:Later authors such as 2226: 2078: 2030:coat of arms of Madrid 1995: 1861: 1789:, the patron saint of 1779:Saint Theodore of Tyro 1761: 1753: 1722:Vilafranca del Penedès 1688:Vibria in a parade in 1652:Another dragon called 1617:(cognate with English 1559: 1500: 1472: 1382: 1221: 1151: 1126: 1000: 848:to keep safe from the 830: 775: 760:. It shows the dragon 646: 630: 586:later descriptions of 513:until he was slain by 509:guarded the oracle of 501:until he was slain by 388: 359: 324:This section is empty. 238:among the overlapping 4878:Merritt Island Dragon 4729:Draco (constellation) 2369: 2221: 2074: 1989: 1962:Newport Gwent Dragons 1852: 1759: 1740: 1545: 1490: 1470: 1403:river bank below the 1213: 1132: 1117: 982: 770: 720:The Anglo-Saxon poem 641: 628: 382: 349: 4863:Dragon boundary mark 4612:The dragon (Beowulf) 3834:Niles, Doug (2013), 3687:Cipa, Shawn (2008), 3250:Artibus et Historiae 2394:Dragons in Our Midst 2370:"The Dragon" in the 2314:Dragonriders of Pern 2180:improve this section 2093:granted the city of 2091:Peter IV of Portugal 2032:included, besides a 1143:Geoffrey of Monmouth 826:Geoffrey of Monmouth 216:, castles, mountains 200:Mediterranean region 54:improve this article 4775:Film and television 4754:Princess and dragon 4562:Dragon of Mordiford 3355:, pp. 453–455. 3207:, pp. 183–184. 3164:, pp. 106–107. 2905:. pp. 269–279. 2846:. pp. 167–189. 2735:De Natura Animalium 2332:Christopher Paolini 2301:Farmer Giles of Ham 2076:Kingdom of Portugal 2058:Puerta de la Sierpe 1798:Jacobus de Voragine 1168:) fighting beneath 569:De Natura Animalium 134: 4884:Pegasus and Dragon 3950:2019-04-14 at the 3573:Fatás, Guillermo. 3504:Kultura i Historia 3418:Historia Brittonum 2970:. British Museum. 2945:The British Museum 2921:The British Museum 2882:The British Museum 2376: 2227: 2223:West Edmonton Mall 2079: 2028:Historically, the 2004:Peter IV of Aragon 1996: 1910:and was used as a 1862: 1762: 1754: 1560: 1501: 1473: 1222: 1179:Lludd and Llefelys 1152: 1127: 1092:and the Norse god 1001: 776: 647: 643:Dragonesque brooch 631: 412:Book of Revelation 389: 364:Dragon § Etymology 360: 257:constricting snake 240:cultures of Europe 228:legendary creature 158:legendary creature 132: 4919: 4918: 4703: 4702: 4673: 4672: 4395: 4394: 4186:Vietnamese dragon 4035:Feathered Serpent 3867:978-0-7656-8047-1 3847:978-1-4405-6216-7 3807:978-1-250-01492-4 3718:978-0-313-02725-3 3698:978-1-56523-329-4 3579:Heraldo de Aragón 3485:978-83-04-04613-9 3124:978-82-90425-76-5 3051:978-0-907605-24-9 2813:978-1-78297-658-5 2786:978-1-4027-4624-6 2440:Tui T. Sutherland 2321:Ursula K. Le Guin 2216: 2215: 2208: 1804:was swallowed by 1771:Saint Mercurialis 1420:Wincenty Kadłubek 879:sign of the cross 863:The 13th-century 820:The 12th-century 816:Legends and tales 792:European folklore 681:Hallstatt culture 673:Hallstatt culture 564:Claudius Aelianus 562:The Roman author 541:The Roman author 442:Cohors Sarmatarum 436:in the east, the 344: 343: 220: 219: 187:Medieval folklore 130: 129: 122: 104: 69:"European dragon" 16:(Redirected from 4949: 4937:European dragons 4932:Medieval legends 4843:Nine-Dragon Wall 4711: 4550: 4549: 4382:Yamata no Orochi 4227: 4226: 4176:Tannin (monster) 3999: 3998: 3981: 3974: 3967: 3958: 3957: 3910: 3890: 3889: 3887: 3870: 3850: 3830: 3810: 3790: 3789: 3787: 3763: 3741: 3721: 3701: 3673: 3672: 3657: 3640: 3639: 3637: 3636: 3621: 3615: 3614: 3612: 3611: 3596: 3590: 3589: 3587: 3586: 3570: 3564: 3563: 3543: 3530: 3529: 3522: 3516: 3515: 3513: 3511: 3495: 3489: 3488: 3458: 3452: 3451: 3443: 3437: 3436: 3428: 3422: 3414: 3408: 3402: 3389: 3383: 3368: 3362: 3356: 3350: 3344: 3338: 3325: 3319: 3313: 3307: 3282: 3281: 3245: 3239: 3238:, pp. 1–30. 3233: 3227: 3221: 3208: 3202: 3196: 3190: 3184: 3178: 3165: 3159: 3150: 3144: 3129: 3128: 3110: 3104: 3098: 3085: 3079: 3073: 3067: 3056: 3055: 3035: 3029: 3028: 2988: 2982: 2981: 2961: 2955: 2954: 2952: 2951: 2937: 2931: 2930: 2928: 2927: 2913: 2907: 2906: 2898: 2892: 2891: 2889: 2888: 2874: 2868: 2867: 2865: 2857: 2848: 2847: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2824: 2818: 2817: 2797: 2791: 2790: 2770: 2761: 2760: 2749: 2743: 2741:(original Greek) 2731: 2725: 2714: 2708: 2707: 2690:(357): 339–343. 2679: 2673: 2672: 2636: 2630: 2629: 2601: 2595: 2594: 2558: 2552: 2551: 2540: 2534: 2533: 2526: 2453:Temeraire series 2384:Fairytale Forest 2289:The Silmarillion 2211: 2204: 2200: 2197: 2191: 2160: 2152: 2042:Mesonero Romanos 1992:'s-Hertogenbosch 1783:St Mark's Square 1717: 1701: 1685: 1672:celebration, in 1665: 1567:Basque mythology 1373:The most famous 1344: 1332: 1320: 1306: 1294: 1280: 1232:Slavic mythology 1219:Victor Vasnetsov 1176:in the story of 998: 835: 669: 666: 339: 336: 326:You can help by 319: 312: 174:Similar entities 142: 135: 131: 125: 118: 114: 111: 105: 103: 62: 38: 30: 21: 4957: 4956: 4952: 4951: 4950: 4948: 4947: 4946: 4942:Catalan symbols 4922: 4921: 4920: 4915: 4906:Here be dragons 4889: 4823: 4817:Dragons in Pern 4770:Popular culture 4758: 4744:Dragon (zodiac) 4712: 4699: 4669: 4621: 4548: 4424:Bisterne Dragon 4391: 4328: 4225: 4074: 4018: 3990: 3985: 3952:Wayback Machine 3935: 3918: 3916:Further reading 3913: 3908: 3885: 3883: 3868: 3848: 3828: 3808: 3785: 3783: 3781: 3761: 3739: 3719: 3699: 3682: 3677: 3676: 3659: 3658: 3643: 3634: 3632: 3622: 3618: 3609: 3607: 3598: 3597: 3593: 3584: 3582: 3571: 3567: 3560: 3544: 3533: 3526:"Corpo de Deus" 3524: 3523: 3519: 3509: 3507: 3496: 3492: 3486: 3459: 3455: 3450:. Sterling Pub. 3444: 3440: 3429: 3425: 3415: 3411: 3403: 3392: 3384: 3371: 3363: 3359: 3351: 3347: 3339: 3328: 3320: 3316: 3308: 3285: 3262:10.2307/1483792 3246: 3242: 3234: 3230: 3222: 3211: 3203: 3199: 3195:, pp. 1–3. 3191: 3187: 3179: 3168: 3160: 3153: 3145: 3132: 3125: 3111: 3107: 3099: 3088: 3080: 3076: 3068: 3059: 3052: 3036: 3032: 2989: 2985: 2978: 2962: 2958: 2949: 2947: 2939: 2938: 2934: 2925: 2923: 2915: 2914: 2910: 2899: 2895: 2886: 2884: 2876: 2875: 2871: 2863: 2859: 2858: 2851: 2840: 2836: 2825: 2821: 2814: 2798: 2794: 2787: 2771: 2764: 2751: 2750: 2746: 2732: 2728: 2715: 2711: 2680: 2676: 2653:10.2307/1512864 2637: 2633: 2618:10.2307/3263046 2602: 2598: 2575:10.2307/3209231 2559: 2555: 2542: 2541: 2537: 2528: 2527: 2523: 2518: 2513: 2494:Japanese dragon 2469: 2442:'s book series 2434:Cressida Cowell 2421:Game of Thrones 2276: 2212: 2201: 2195: 2192: 2177: 2161: 2150: 2101:. The badge of 2038:strawberry tree 1926:from gules and 1847: 1735: 1733:Italian dragons 1728: 1718: 1709: 1702: 1693: 1686: 1677: 1666: 1497:Galicia (Spain) 1485: 1483:Iberian dragons 1465: 1453:Main articles: 1451: 1371: 1353:(for food), or 1228: 1208: 1199: 1193: 1188: 1112: 1106: 1082:Norse mythology 1077: 1071: 1047: 1041: 1036: 1034:Germanic dragon 1030: 977: 972: 944:Uther Pendragon 936: 906:human sacrifice 818: 756:about the hero 750:Ramsund carving 694: 689: 677:La Tène culture 667: 636: 620: 615: 609: 548:Natural History 543:Pliny the Elder 491:Greek mythology 377: 371: 366: 340: 334: 331: 310: 245:The Roman poet 224:European dragon 149: 133:European dragon 126: 115: 109: 106: 63: 61: 51: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4955: 4945: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4917: 4916: 4914: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4897: 4895: 4891: 4890: 4888: 4887: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4853:Cádiz Memorial 4850: 4845: 4840: 4831: 4829: 4825: 4824: 4822: 4821: 4820: 4819: 4814: 4813: 4812: 4807: 4800:J.R.R. Tolkien 4792: 4791: 4790: 4777: 4772: 4766: 4764: 4760: 4759: 4757: 4756: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4720: 4718: 4714: 4713: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4700: 4698: 4697: 4692: 4687: 4685:Horned Serpent 4681: 4679: 4675: 4674: 4671: 4670: 4668: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4650:Lernaean Hydra 4647: 4642: 4637: 4631: 4629: 4623: 4622: 4620: 4619: 4617:Worm of Linton 4614: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4584: 4579: 4574: 4569: 4564: 4558: 4556: 4547: 4546: 4541: 4536: 4531: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4501: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4441: 4439:Chuvash dragon 4436: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4405: 4403: 4397: 4396: 4393: 4392: 4390: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4344: 4338: 4336: 4330: 4329: 4327: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4246: 4241: 4235: 4233: 4224: 4223: 4218: 4213: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4188: 4183: 4178: 4173: 4168: 4163: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4146:Meitei dragons 4143: 4138: 4133: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4082: 4080: 4076: 4075: 4073: 4072: 4067: 4062: 4057: 4052: 4047: 4042: 4037: 4032: 4026: 4024: 4020: 4019: 4017: 4016: 4011: 4005: 4003: 3996: 3992: 3991: 3984: 3983: 3976: 3969: 3961: 3955: 3954: 3942: 3934: 3933:External links 3931: 3930: 3929: 3926: 3923: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3911: 3906: 3891: 3871: 3866: 3851: 3846: 3831: 3827:978-0785822325 3826: 3811: 3806: 3791: 3779: 3764: 3759: 3742: 3737: 3728:Basic Heraldry 3722: 3717: 3702: 3697: 3683: 3681: 3678: 3675: 3674: 3641: 3616: 3591: 3565: 3558: 3531: 3517: 3490: 3484: 3467:Kronika Polska 3453: 3448:Celtic Symbols 3438: 3433:The Mabinogion 3423: 3409: 3390: 3369: 3367:, p. 141. 3357: 3345: 3326: 3314: 3312:, p. 168. 3283: 3240: 3228: 3226:, p. 184. 3209: 3197: 3185: 3166: 3151: 3149:, p. 106. 3130: 3123: 3105: 3086: 3084:, p. 101. 3074: 3057: 3050: 3030: 3003:(2): 269–279. 2983: 2976: 2956: 2932: 2908: 2893: 2869: 2849: 2834: 2819: 2812: 2792: 2785: 2776:Celtic Symbols 2762: 2744: 2726: 2709: 2696:10.2307/539524 2674: 2631: 2612:(2): 167–177. 2596: 2553: 2535: 2520: 2519: 2517: 2514: 2512: 2511: 2506: 2501: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2476: 2474:Chinese dragon 2470: 2468: 2465: 2309:Anne McCaffrey 2275: 2274:Recent fiction 2272: 2214: 2213: 2164: 2162: 2155: 2149: 2148:Modern dragons 2146: 2054:Puerta Cerrada 1936:King Henry III 1846: 1843: 1834:Amelia, Umbria 1734: 1731: 1730: 1729: 1719: 1712: 1710: 1703: 1696: 1694: 1687: 1680: 1678: 1670:Corpus Christi 1667: 1660: 1646:Corpus Christi 1527:as prisoners. 1484: 1481: 1450: 1447: 1410:Book of Daniel 1370: 1367: 1224:Main article: 1207: 1204: 1195:Main article: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1108:Main article: 1105: 1102: 1073:Main article: 1070: 1067: 1063:earthen mounds 1043:Main article: 1040: 1037: 1032:Main article: 1029: 1026: 1003:The legend of 993:northern Italy 976: 973: 971: 968: 935: 932: 915:The Christian 817: 814: 800:Welsh folklore 780:MS Harley 3244 772:MS Harley 3244 732:and also as a 693: 690: 688: 685: 635: 632: 619: 618:Horned serpent 616: 608: 605: 572:describes the 531:The Golden Ass 519:Lernaean Hydra 446:Cohors Dacorum 399:culture. From 373:Main article: 370: 367: 362:Main article: 356:southern Italy 342: 341: 322: 320: 309: 306: 218: 217: 207: 203: 202: 193: 189: 188: 185: 181: 180: 175: 171: 170: 165: 161: 160: 155: 151: 150: 143: 128: 127: 42: 40: 33: 26: 18:Western dragon 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4954: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4929: 4927: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4898: 4896: 4892: 4886: 4885: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4837: 4833: 4832: 4830: 4826: 4818: 4815: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4802: 4801: 4798: 4797: 4796: 4793: 4789: 4788: 4783: 4782: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4767: 4765: 4761: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4749:Dragonslayers 4747: 4745: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4721: 4719: 4715: 4710: 4696: 4693: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4682: 4680: 4676: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4632: 4630: 4628: 4624: 4618: 4615: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4602:Sockburn Worm 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4560: 4559: 4557: 4555: 4551: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4499:Slavic dragon 4497: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4474:La Guita Xica 4472: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4406: 4404: 4402: 4398: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4367:Toyotama-hime 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4339: 4337: 4335: 4331: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4314:Yellow Dragon 4312: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4236: 4234: 4232: 4228: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4177: 4174: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4129: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4116:Korean dragon 4114: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4084: 4083: 4081: 4077: 4071: 4068: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4051: 4048: 4046: 4043: 4041: 4040:Gaasyendietha 4038: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4027: 4025: 4021: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4007: 4006: 4004: 4000: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3982: 3977: 3975: 3970: 3968: 3963: 3962: 3959: 3953: 3949: 3946: 3943: 3940: 3937: 3936: 3927: 3924: 3920: 3919: 3909: 3907:9781840146943 3903: 3899: 3898: 3892: 3881: 3877: 3872: 3869: 3863: 3859: 3858: 3852: 3849: 3843: 3839: 3838: 3832: 3829: 3823: 3819: 3818: 3812: 3809: 3803: 3799: 3798: 3792: 3782: 3780:0-415-92721-8 3776: 3772: 3771: 3765: 3762: 3760:90-04-13690-8 3756: 3752: 3748: 3743: 3740: 3738:0-393-03463-1 3734: 3730: 3729: 3723: 3720: 3714: 3710: 3709: 3703: 3700: 3694: 3690: 3685: 3684: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3650: 3648: 3646: 3631: 3627: 3620: 3605: 3601: 3595: 3580: 3576: 3569: 3561: 3559:0-517-26643-1 3555: 3551: 3550: 3542: 3540: 3538: 3536: 3527: 3521: 3505: 3501: 3494: 3487: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3468: 3463: 3457: 3449: 3442: 3434: 3427: 3420: 3419: 3413: 3407:, p. 55. 3406: 3401: 3399: 3397: 3395: 3388:, p. 54. 3387: 3382: 3380: 3378: 3376: 3374: 3366: 3361: 3354: 3353:Thurston 1909 3349: 3343:, p. 53. 3342: 3337: 3335: 3333: 3331: 3324:, p. 28. 3323: 3318: 3311: 3306: 3304: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3288: 3279: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3244: 3237: 3232: 3225: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3214: 3206: 3201: 3194: 3189: 3182: 3177: 3175: 3173: 3171: 3163: 3158: 3156: 3148: 3143: 3141: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3126: 3120: 3116: 3109: 3103:, p. 98. 3102: 3097: 3095: 3093: 3091: 3083: 3078: 3071: 3066: 3064: 3062: 3053: 3047: 3043: 3042: 3034: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2987: 2979: 2977:9780714123233 2973: 2969: 2968: 2960: 2946: 2942: 2936: 2922: 2918: 2912: 2904: 2897: 2883: 2879: 2873: 2862: 2856: 2854: 2845: 2838: 2831:. p. 24. 2830: 2823: 2815: 2809: 2805: 2804: 2796: 2788: 2782: 2778: 2777: 2769: 2767: 2758: 2754: 2748: 2742: 2738: 2736: 2730: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2713: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2678: 2670: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2635: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2600: 2592: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2557: 2549: 2545: 2539: 2531: 2525: 2521: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2471: 2464: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2449: 2447: 2446: 2445:Wings of Fire 2441: 2437: 2435: 2431: 2430: 2425: 2423: 2422: 2417: 2416: 2410: 2408: 2406: 2401: 2397: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2385: 2381: 2373: 2368: 2364: 2362: 2361:Radnor Forest 2358: 2354: 2353: 2348: 2347: 2341: 2339: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2316: 2315: 2310: 2305: 2303: 2302: 2297: 2296: 2291: 2290: 2285: 2281: 2271: 2269: 2264: 2261: 2257: 2252: 2250: 2249:Basque people 2246: 2242: 2238: 2236: 2232: 2224: 2220: 2210: 2207: 2199: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2175: 2174: 2170: 2165:This section 2163: 2159: 2154: 2153: 2145: 2143: 2138: 2136: 2131: 2128: 2125: 2121: 2119: 2115: 2110: 2109:of the club. 2108: 2107:animal mascot 2104: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2026: 2024: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1993: 1988: 1984: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1969: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1954: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1939: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1916:Tudor dynasty 1913: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1896: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1873: 1871: 1867: 1860: 1856: 1851: 1842: 1839: 1835: 1830: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1814: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1794: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1758: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1727: 1723: 1716: 1711: 1707: 1700: 1695: 1691: 1684: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1664: 1659: 1658: 1657: 1655: 1650: 1647: 1643: 1638: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1627: 1622: 1621: 1616: 1612: 1607: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1584: 1582: 1578: 1576: 1573:descend from 1572: 1568: 1564: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1548:Saint Gregory 1544: 1540: 1538: 1533: 1528: 1526: 1525: 1520: 1519: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1498: 1494: 1489: 1480: 1478: 1469: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1435: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1416: 1412: 1411: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1393: 1392:Smok Wawelski 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1366: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1340: 1336: 1328: 1324: 1316: 1312: 1311: 1302: 1298: 1290: 1286: 1285: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1243: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1227: 1226:Slavic dragon 1220: 1216: 1215:Zmey Gorynych 1212: 1203: 1198: 1183: 1181: 1180: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1158: 1157:Y Ddraig Goch 1150: 1149: 1144: 1140: 1139:White Dragons 1136: 1131: 1125: 1121: 1116: 1111: 1101: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1076: 1066: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1046: 1035: 1025: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1013:Golden Legend 1010: 1006: 994: 990: 986: 981: 967: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 945: 941: 931: 929: 928: 927:Golden Legend 923: 918: 913: 911: 907: 903: 899: 895: 894: 888: 883: 880: 876: 872: 868: 867: 866:Golden Legend 861: 859: 855: 851: 847: 846:Mount Snowdon 843: 839: 834: 833: 827: 823: 813: 810: 806: 801: 797: 793: 788: 784: 781: 773: 769: 765: 763: 759: 755: 754:Völsunga saga 751: 746: 743: 739: 735: 731: 730: 725: 724: 718: 716: 711: 708: 703: 700: 684: 682: 678: 674: 662: 657: 652: 645:, AD 75 – 175 644: 640: 627: 623: 614: 604: 602: 597: 595: 591: 589: 583: 579: 578:Indian Python 575: 571: 570: 565: 560: 558: 557:Indian Python 554: 550: 549: 544: 539: 537: 534:(also called 533: 532: 527: 524:In a tale in 522: 520: 516: 512: 508: 504: 500: 496: 492: 487: 485: 481: 477: 473: 472:Old Testament 468: 466: 462: 458: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 418: 414: 413: 408: 407: 402: 398: 394: 386: 381: 376: 365: 357: 353: 348: 338: 329: 325: 321: 318: 314: 313: 305: 303: 298: 296: 292: 288: 283: 281: 277: 273: 268: 266: 262: 258: 254: 253: 248: 243: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 215: 211: 208: 204: 201: 197: 194: 190: 186: 182: 179: 178:other dragons 176: 172: 169: 166: 162: 159: 156: 152: 147: 141: 136: 124: 121: 113: 102: 99: 95: 92: 88: 85: 81: 78: 74: 71: – 70: 66: 65:Find sources: 59: 55: 49: 48: 43:This article 41: 37: 32: 31: 19: 4911:Dragon curve 4901:Dragon's Eye 4882: 4836:Nine Dragons 4835: 4786: 4734:Dragon dance 4587:Lambton Worm 4524:White dragon 4519:Welsh Dragon 4514:Wawel Dragon 4494:Piast Dragon 4400: 4244:Azure Dragon 4060:Snallygaster 4055:Quetzalcoatl 3995:In mythology 3896: 3884:, retrieved 3879: 3876:"St. George" 3856: 3836: 3816: 3796: 3786:22 September 3784:, retrieved 3769: 3750: 3727: 3707: 3688: 3661: 3633:. Retrieved 3629: 3619: 3608:. Retrieved 3603: 3594: 3583:. Retrieved 3578: 3568: 3548: 3520: 3508:. Retrieved 3503: 3493: 3466: 3456: 3447: 3441: 3432: 3426: 3416: 3412: 3360: 3348: 3317: 3253: 3249: 3243: 3231: 3224:Sherman 2015 3205:Sherman 2015 3200: 3188: 3114: 3108: 3077: 3072:, p. 7. 3040: 3033: 3000: 2996: 2986: 2966: 2959: 2948:. Retrieved 2944: 2935: 2924:. Retrieved 2920: 2911: 2902: 2901:Stead, Ian. 2896: 2885:. 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