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water. Over the course of its construction, workers removed 20,000 cartloads of spoil from the site, and used 7,850 cubic yards of earth to construct the embankment which was 40 feet (12 m) wide at the base and 9 feet (2.7 m) wide at the crest. They also excavated the 25 feet (7.6 m) deep Engine Pond and dug a 60 feet (18 m) long tunnel between the lake and the Engine House.
724:. There were 1,074 households, comprising 1,473 males and 1,629 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.9 males per female. The median age was 37.6 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 663 people (21.4%) aged under 15 years, 582 (18.8%) aged 15 to 29, 1,632 (52.7%) aged 30 to 64, and 225 (7.3%) aged 65 or older.
772:
Of those at least 15 years old, 1,221 (50.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 159 (6.5%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $ 54,100, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 966 people (39.7%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of
547:
west of the city. Auckland City purchased land and built large reservoirs in this secluded area, thus safeguarding both the water quality and the flora & fauna of the area. The height of the reservoirs above sea level meant pumping was kept to a minimum as the water could be gravity fed downwards
624:
By the 1980s major landscaping work had transformed the area from a former dumpsite into one of
Auckland's most attractive parks. New plantings were introduced to complement the mature trees from the 19th century, and careful planting of the islands in the lake and its surrounding wetlands have made
572:
The closure of the pumphouse left the inner
Western Springs area with no specific use. Its often rough and uneven land was unsuitable for housing, as apart from the lake it contained large stretches of boggy ground. Unable to divest itself of the land, the Auckland City Council was at a loss what to
556:
From the early 1920s onwards various developments around
Western Springs took place; The Auckland City Council Zoological Gardens were established to the north of the lake. To the west, around the corner of Motions Road and Great North Road, a camping ground was set up which was later converted into
502:
grew over the mid-1800s, city officials found that well water was no longer sufficient at supplying the burgeoning population. In the 1860s, a pipe from the
Auckland Domain Springs was constructed, but a more permanent solution was required to service the growing demand. In 1874, the council tasked
507:
with the task of supplying
Auckland with water from Western Springs. The city bought William Motion's mill and 120 acres (486,000 m) of land, including the spring. In 1875, the swampy ground was made into a 15-acre (6ha) artificial lake 6 feet in depth and capable of holding 22 million gallons of
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and
Chinaman's Hill, named due to the pre-dominantly Chinese market gardeners, and an attempt was made to convert the boggy land around the lake into a park. However, over the next three decades much of the land deteriorated as it became overgrown and used for illegal rubbish dumping.
604:
After the war, the population of the surrounding suburbs grew markedly and it became obvious that the untidy state of
Western Springs was an embarrassment. As a wilderness of bogs full of rubbish, rats and mosquitoes, it was unattractive and a potential health hazard. In 1961 the
542:
The cost of running and maintaining the pump was high however, and by the end of the 19th century
Auckland's size required a much greater and more reliable source of freshwater, coinciding with public pressure to safeguard the remaining native forests of the
616:
In 1953 a plan was put forward to use the area around the lake as an amusement park with a scenic railway, fairground and rollercoasters, but this was soon discovered to be beyond the financial capabilities of
Auckland City Council. In 1964 the
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561:. To the south of the lake, the Chamberlain Park Golf Club was established, and to the west, land was set aside for primary, intermediate and secondary schools to service the growing suburbs of
601:
Memorial
Airfield, and serves as the site of the Westpoint Performing Arts Center. In the 2000s the landfill was found to be emitting methane gas and was subsequently capped with clay.
581:
The council used some of the more usable land to construct council housing in the 1920s, and in the 1930s sold much of the land previously used for market gardens to the government for
495:. The water runs underground for several miles through the lava flows, and emerges from the ground at a constant rate that is well filtered by the miles of scoria rocks.
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in earnest. The lake, which had become completely choked by introduced waterweed was reclaimed, and the overgrown landscape was carefully cleared of weeds and rubbish.
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641:, covers 2.02 km (0.78 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 2,880 as of June 2023, with a population density of 1,426 people per km.
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A pumphouse, which opened in 1877, was designed by City Engineer William Errington and built of brick. It was fitted with a steam engine, known as a
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dump and hence reclaimed during the 1950s and 1960s. The reclaimed land was developed as playing fields and an additional area for the MOTAT Sir
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those at least 15 was that 1,461 (60.0%) people were employed full-time, 408 (16.7%) were part-time, and 66 (2.7%) were unemployed.
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523:, which is still in working order having been restored. The engine pumped water up to the two new reservoirs; one on the corner of
186:
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Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 62.7% had no religion, 27.5% were
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The main source of the water that feeds the lake at Western Springs is rain falling on the slopes of the volcanoes
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Te mahere whakawhanake i te papa rēhia o Te Wai Ōrea. Western Springs Lakeside Te Wai Ōrea park development plan
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Te mahere whakawhanake i te papa rēhia o Te Wai Ōrea. Western Springs Lakeside Te Wai Ōrea park development plan
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Mt Albert Then and Now: a History of Mt Albert, Morningside, Kingsland, St Lukes, Sandringham and Owairaka
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366:, also known as Western Springs Lakeside Te Wai Ōrea, which features a lake with a variety of birdlife.
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and the residential suburb is located southeast of the park on the opposite side of State Highway 16.
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629:. Artworks by several New Zealand sculptors were installed in the park during the 1980s and 1990s.
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that lived in the stream. A traditional Māori story involves Ruarangi, a chief of the supernatural
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to the city. Use of the pumphouse ceased in 1936 after the Waitākere Ranges dams were completed.
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After European colonisation, the area became part of a block of land farmed by William Motion, a
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539:, Mount Eden Road, and Burleigh Street from where the water was gravity fed down to the city.
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382:, one of Auckland's most popular public events. Across the road from the zoo is the school of
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in the north of New Zealand. It is located four kilometres to the west of the city centre,
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settler. Colonists named the area Western Springs to differentiate it from the springs in
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is a coeducational high school (years 9–13) with a roll of 1848 as of August 2024.
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The percentage of people born overseas was 23.3, compared with 27.1% nationally.
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The statistical area of Westmere South-Western Springs, which includes part of
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1109:. Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Westmere South-Western Springs (130300).
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Decently And In Order, The Centennial History Of The Auckland City Council
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it a successful breeding ground for a large variety of native and exotic
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do with it. Some light industry and market gardens were developed along
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378:) are situated around the park. The park is the location of the annual
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meaning 'the waters of eels', for the clean, clear spring water and
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Westmere South-Western Springs had a population of 3,099 at the
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1078:(2011). "Auckland's Water Supply". In La Roche, John (ed.).
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440:(Kawharu’s brow), where Surrey Crescent is situated today.
827:
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2018 Census place summary: Westmere South-Western Springs
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where the Western Springs creek reached the sea near the
432:
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Te Wai Ōrea Western Springs Lakeside park entrance sign.
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Cows grazing at a pond in Western Springs, early 1900s
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The Beam Engine & Western Springs Pumping Station
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946:. Mount Albert Historical Society. pp. 13–14.
1080:Evolving Auckland: The City's Engineering Heritage
873:
720:, and an increase of 315 people (11.3%) since the
423:through lava tunnels and emerging at Te Wai Ōrea.
1498:
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426:During a battle fought in the area, Kawharu, a
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557:a transit camp for American servicemen during
436:at a ridge site overlooking Te Wai Ōrea named
1517:Populated places around the Waitematā Harbour
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1107:"Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census"
716:, an increase of 60 people (2.0%) since the
386:, with a student population of around 1848.
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708:The tram running between MOTAT's two sites
1123:Education Counts: Western Springs College
585:. To the north of the zoo was an area of
531:, and the other in the block bordered by
464:lived in the wider area, which was named
75:Learn how and when to remove this message
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38:This article includes a list of general
355:. The park is situated to the north of
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838:"Population estimate tables - NZ.Stat"
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1082:. Wily Publications. pp. 27–50.
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593:lava outcrop. This was utilised as a
1400:Museum of Transport & Technology
940:Dunsford, Deborah (1 January 2016).
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119:Western Springs Lakeside Te Wai Ōrea
24:
886:. New Zealand Ministry of Education
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117:Willows and the artificial lake in
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619:Museum of Transport and Technology
430:Māori warrior chief, fought local
376:Museum of Transport and Technology
44:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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727:Ethnicities were 84.1% European/
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1469:Auckland City Council (defunct)
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1033:Janssen, Peter (January 2021).
884:"New Zealand Schools Directory"
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403:valued the wetlands they named
89:Suburb in Auckland, New Zealand
1157:Photographs of Western Springs
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769:and 2.0% had other religions.
491:, Ōwairaka / Mount Albert and
1:
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1385:Auckland War Memorial Museum
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419:people, escaping a siege on
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226:202 ha (499 acres)
16:For the Chicago suburb, see
7:
1410:New Zealand Maritime Museum
609:embarked on developing the
362:The suburb is dominated by
10:
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1512:Waitematā Local Board Area
1353:Facilities and attractions
1140:. G.W.A.Bush. Collins 1971
503:Australian civil engineer
477:Pukekawa / Auckland Domain
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479:to the east of the town.
413:New Zealand long fin eels
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18:Western Springs, Illinois
810:"ArcGIS Web Application"
1461:Waitematā and Gulf ward
1435:Western Springs Reserve
1200:, Auckland, New Zealand
1146:published by MOTAT 2008
1009:"Streets: Motions Road"
814:statsnz.maps.arcgis.com
782:Western Springs College
755:Māori religious beliefs
714:2018 New Zealand census
493:Maungawhau / Mount Eden
448:In 1830-40, during the
421:Owairaka / Mount Albert
384:Western Springs College
372:Western Springs Stadium
364:Western Springs Reserve
202:Waitematā and Gulf ward
59:more precise citations.
1405:Nelson Street Cycleway
1039:New Holland Publishers
1035:Greater Auckland Walks
842:Statistics New Zealand
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1456:Waitematā Local Board
1163:heritage collections.
977:Waitematā Local Board
909:Waitematā Local Board
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645:Historical population
607:Auckland City Council
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505:Edward Orpen Moriarty
444:Post-European arrival
212:Waitematā Local Board
1425:Parnell Rose Gardens
1375:Auckland Art Gallery
1218:Auckland city centre
374:and M.O.T.A.T. (the
1507:Suburbs of Auckland
1486:Western Springs AFC
1390:Auckland waterfront
1304:Almorah Rock Forest
1299:Albert Park Volcano
1292:Geographic features
1161:Auckland Libraries'
867:Jasons Travel Media
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489:Te Tātua a Riukiuta
146: /
1395:Gus Fisher Gallery
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236: • Total
150:36.867°S 174.723°E
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1370:Artspace Aotearoa
1048:978-1-86966-516-6
1041:. p. 72-73.
953:978-0-473-36016-0
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552:Later development
450:Māori musket wars
380:Pasifika Festival
343:is a residential
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223: • Land
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546:
540:
538:
534:
530:
526:
525:Ponsonby Road
522:
513:
509:
506:
501:
496:
494:
490:
480:
478:
474:
469:
467:
463:
459:
455:
454:Ngati Tahinga
451:
441:
439:
435:
434:
429:
424:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
395:Māori history
387:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
360:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
320:
317:
314:
283:
281:
278:
277:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
260:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
229:
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216:
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210:
206:
203:
200:
196:
193:
190:
188:
184:
181:
178:
176:
172:
168:
164:
159:
131:Coordinates:
129:
125:
120:
114:
109:
105:
100:
93:
79:
76:
68:
58:
54:
48:
47:
41:
36:
27:
26:
23:
19:
1467:
1430:Western Park
1272:
1228:Freemans Bay
1223:Eden Terrace
1143:
1137:
1132:Bibliography
1118:
1079:
1034:
1028:
1016:. Retrieved
1003:
993:29 September
991:. Retrieved
971:
962:
942:
935:
925:29 September
923:. Retrieved
890:17 September
888:. Retrieved
857:
845:. Retrieved
817:. Retrieved
813:
780:
771:
765:, 0.7% were
761:, 1.5% were
757:, 0.9% were
748:
745:
726:
711:
636:
633:Demographics
623:
615:
603:
580:
571:
559:World War II
555:
541:
518:
497:
486:
470:
465:
447:
437:
431:
425:
417:Patupaiarehe
408:
405:Te Wai Ōrea,
404:
398:
368:Auckland Zoo
361:
353:Auckland CBD
340:
339:
328:Mount Albert
323:Mount Albert
71:
65:October 2010
62:
43:
22:
1415:Objectspace
1365:Albert Park
1360:ABA Stadium
1018:22 December
753:, 0.1% had
722:2006 census
718:2013 census
521:beam engine
333:Morningside
245:Postcode(s)
208:Local board
169:New Zealand
153: /
141:174°43′23″E
57:introducing
1501:Categories
1444:Government
1329:Meola Reef
1057:Q118136068
986:(Report).
918:(Report).
847:25 October
788:References
599:Keith Park
591:Meola Reef
231:Population
138:36°52′01″S
40:references
1248:Newmarket
1243:Herne Bay
1238:Grey Lynn
1213:Arch Hill
1198:Waitematā
777:Education
751:Christian
627:waterfowl
316:Grey Lynn
273:Grey Lynn
1314:Coxs Bay
1278:Westmere
1263:Ponsonby
1159:held in
1053:Wikidata
767:Buddhist
731:, 11.6%
698:Source:
639:Westmere
595:landfill
563:Westmere
500:Auckland
473:Scottish
349:Auckland
268:Westmere
180:Auckland
1258:Parnell
1233:Grafton
739:, 6.4%
735:, 9.4%
659:±% p.a.
466:Te Rehu
462:Te Taou
458:Waiohua
428:Manukau
390:History
166:Country
53:improve
1253:Newton
1086:
1055:
1045:
950:
819:5 July
763:Muslim
729:Pākehā
693:+0.39%
682:+1.26%
345:suburb
104:Suburb
42:, but
984:(PDF)
916:(PDF)
793:Notes
759:Hindu
741:Asian
733:Māori
690:3,099
679:3,039
668:2,784
401:Māori
239:2,880
1084:ISBN
1043:ISBN
1020:2012
995:2022
948:ISBN
927:2022
892:2024
849:2023
821:2022
687:2018
676:2013
665:2006
654:Pop.
650:Year
611:park
565:and
527:and
460:and
409:ōrea
250:1022
218:Area
175:City
498:As
433:iwi
411:or
1503::
1098:^
1065:^
1051:.
1037:.
1011:.
900:^
875:^
865:.
840:.
829:^
812:.
801:^
569:.
535:,
468:.
456:,
452:,
370:,
1190:e
1183:t
1176:v
1092:.
1059:.
1022:.
997:.
956:.
929:.
894:.
869:.
851:.
823:.
78:)
72:(
67:)
63:(
49:.
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
