Wayne Morse - Knowledge

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strongly in international law, and in the same speech called upon the United Nations to be an "international police organization" with such powers as to enforce via military means international law against any nation that might break it and to be given the power to prevent rich nations from economically exploiting poor nations. In another speech in March 1945, he called upon the two militarily strongest members of the "Big Three" alliance, namely the Soviet Union and the United States to work together after the war to preserve the peace and end poverty all over the world. In a speech in November 1945, he declared his concern as he "watched some of the nations of the world taking a toboggan ride down the slopes of national aggrandizement and into the abyss of blind nationalism." In the same speech, he deplored the "rattling of swords and manufacturing of atomic bombs" as he called the nations of the world to stop dividing themselves into "power blocs", to take their disputes to the World Court and for the UN to have control of nuclear weapons, which he maintained were too dangerous to be entrusted to any nation.

1195:, Morse stated the president "has not the slightest legal right under the Constitution of the United States to be bombing North Vietnam, short of a declaration of war." On 24 March 1965, the first campus protest against the Vietnam War took place with a "teach-in" at the University of Michigan. In a letter to John Donoughue, the organizer of the protest at the University of Michigan, Morse praised the "Teach-in Protest" and stated: "It is urgent that the American people insist that their country return to a respect for law before we create a holocaust in Asia." In April 1965, Morse took part in an anti-war protest for the first time when he spoke at a "teach-in" at the University of Oregon where he offered lavish praise for the student protesters, saying that as an old man it gladdened him to see so many young people willing to take a stand. On 8 June 1965, Morse was the lead speaker at an anti-war rally attended by 17, 000 people at Madison Square Garden in New York. 1199: 728:"if we get into another war, this country will be in it before Congress ever has time to declare war". After the French defeat, Morse accused Eisenhower of making the same mistakes as France did by assuming that a military solution was the best solution to Vietnamese revolutionary nationalism. Morse argued that the United States should work through the United Nations for a diplomatic solution of the Vietnam issue and to promote economic growth that would lift Vietnam out of its Third World poverty. He argued that such a policy would give the Soviet Union "clear notice" that the world community intended to protect the nations of Indochina their "right to self-government until such time as free elections can be held". After the Geneva Accords which ended the Indochina War, Morse accused the Secretary of State, 588:

weak nations from being dominated and exploited by strong nations. Morse strongly criticized imperialism, saying neither the Netherlands or Great Britain was a suitable ally for the United States, criticizing the Dutch for attempting to reconquer their lost colony of the Dutch East Indies (modern Indonesia) and the British for staying in the Palestine Mandate (modern Israel) against the wishes of the majority of people in Palestine, both Jewish and Arab. Morse urged both the Dutch and the British to leave the Dutch East Indies and Palestine, saying they did not have the right to rule places where they were not wanted. He supported Zionism, arguing that after the Holocaust the Jews needed their own state, and urged Britain to leave Palestine so that a Jewish state to be called Israel could be created.

691:, Morse told reporters a possible objection to the nomination could stem from the more than 10,000 General Motors shares owned by the nominee's wife. In February, Morse stated that Eisenhower was partly to blame for a waste of both American manpower and money as it pertained to overseas military bases, reasoning that this had occurred while he was commander of NATO forces in Europe under the Democratic administration of President Truman. In July, Morse joined nine Democrats in sponsoring a bill proposing a revision of present law to add 13,000 people to Social Security and aid benefits increases. Later that month, after the death of Senate Majority Leader 911:, the junior senator from Oregon, deteriorated and led to much public feuding. The two had known each other since 1931, when Morse was dean of the University of Oregon law school, and Neuberger was a 19-year-old freshman. Morse befriended Neuberger and often gave him advice, and he used his rhetorical skill to successfully defend Neuberger against charges of academic cheating. After the charges against him were dropped, Neuberger rejected Morse's advice to leave the university and start afresh elsewhere but instead enrolled in Morse's class in criminal law. Morse gave him a "D" in the course and, when Neuberger complained, changed the grade to an "F". 575:

in the midterm elections that year. Also in January 1946, Morse called on Congress to vote on President Truman's pending legislation, citing continued delay would produce "a great economic uncertainty" and add to "reconversion slow-up". He asserted that Americans were entitled to Congress being held accountable for the passage of bills. In 1946, Morse cosponsored legislation proposing a full Senate investigation into labor dispute causes, saying in March, "I think we've got to find out whether certain segments of industry are out to wreck unions." He was outspoken in his opposition to the

1346: 1066:. Morse would use this to his advantage to help sway undecided Democrats, claiming that if he lost in the primary, it would certainly help Republicans defeat him in 1962. Kennedy brushed off this argument by claiming that regardless of the outcome of the presidential primary, the people of Oregon had a tremendous respect for Wayne Morse and would send him back to the Senate, and that he would even come back to Oregon in 1962 to campaign for him. On Election Day, Morse came up roughly 50,000 votes short of defeating Kennedy. Morse abandoned his presidential race that same week. 5202: 1267: 1160:

the Senate excluded him from the "Club" of the Senate, where important informal meetings were held in private in a convivial atmosphere where much alcohol was consumed. When Morse spoke before the Senate, he usually allowed only five to ten minutes to speak before the other senators voted to cut him off. However, Morse was also known as a stubborn and cantankerous character who was determined to uphold Congress's powers against the presidency, and in a memo to President Johnson in March 1964,

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his parents enrolled him in Longfellow School in Madison, to which Morse commuted 22 miles (35 km) round-trip daily by riding relay on three of the family's smaller horses. After eighth grade, Morse attended Madison High School, where he became class president and debating club president, and placed academically among the top 10 in his graduating class. In high school, he developed his relationship with Mildred "Midge" Downie, whom he had known since third grade, and who was class

924: 6301: 1104:, accused the Kennedy administration of acting unconstitutionally as he expressed his "deep regret" that Congress was not informed by the administration "prior to making its decision to intervene in the Cuban invasion through granting logistic and other support to the Cuban exiles." In May 1961, Morse announced that the Senate Latin Affairs Committee would investigate reports that the United States was holding survivors of the 944:

propelling him out of law school ... or for having had to protect him in the honor proceedings." Morse later helped Neuberger, who won his Senate seat in 1954 by only 2,462 votes out of more than a half-million cast, but he also continued to give Neuberger advice that was not always appreciated. "I don't think you should scold me so much," said Neuberger, as quoted by Drukman, in a letter to Morse during the 1954 campaign.

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Council was binding. At the same time, Morse also warned Truman to "not get sucked" into a war in Asia and condemned him for agreeing to support France in its efforts to hold onto Vietnam. Taft was opposed to using Resolution 84 as the basis for going to war in Korea, and in subsequently brought Morse around to his viewpoint that Truman acted illegally by not asking Congress for a declaration of war.

487: 656:, whom Morse felt was a menace to American democracy. The 1952 election produced an almost evenly divided Senate; Morse brought a folding chair when the session convened, intending to position himself in the aisle between the Democrats and Republicans to underscore his lack of party affiliation. Morse expected to retain certain committee memberships but was denied membership on the 1453:. The City of Eugene, assisted by a nonprofit corporation, operates the historical park formerly known as Morse Ranch. The City of Eugene officially renamed the park Wayne Morse Family Farm in 2008, following a recommendation by the Wayne Morse Historical Park Corporation Board and Morse family members. The new name is more historically accurate. Wayne L. Morse is interred at 1187:. In a speech before the Senate, Morse stated "I rise to speak in opposition to the joint resolution . I do so with a sad heart. But I consider the resolution, as I considered the resolution of 1955, known as the Formosa resolution, and the subsequent resolution, known as the Middle East resolution, to be naught but a resolution which embodies a predated declaration of war." 38: 600:

emergency strikes be handled on a case-by-case basis, the plan being turned down by the Senate on June 30 in a vote of 77 to 9. The vote was seen as a victory for supporters of the Taft–Hartley Act's provision allowing the government to get injunctions against critical strikes, though opposition was noted to have arisen from senators that did not favor this provision.

887:. Although the Senate confirmed Luce's appointment in a 79–11 vote, Luce retaliated against him. In a conversation with a reporter at a party before she departed for Brazil, Luce commented that her troubles with Senator Morse were attributable to the injuries he sustained from being kicked by a horse in 1951. She also remarked that riots in 539:, and then the general election that November. To secure the support of the ultra-conservative wing of the Oregon Republicans in 1944, Morse had presented himself as being more right-wing than he really was, criticizing the New Deal in vitriolic terms though he also praised the wartime foreign policy of President 948:

the press and comments made to colleagues and other third parties, who often had trouble deciding what the fight was about. Drukman describes the feud as a "classic struggle ... of dominating father and rebellious son locked in the age-old fight for supremacy." The feud ended only with Neuberger's death from a

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assumption "that if any bad faith is ever practiced within the world of nations, it is always practiced by nations other than the United States." Morse concluded that America had not always practiced "simon-pure" behavior and had economically exploited poor nations. In a speech in February 1947, Morse called

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In February 1961, during a press release, Morse announced his intent to request $ 12 million for civil works in Oregon from Congress, furthering that the request would be based around information gathered by the Corps of Engineers and that the state of Oregon was facing "serious economic conditions".

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in Salem by local resident Gary Neal and other Morse supporters. They declared they would put Senator Morse on the ballot by petition. As early as April 1959, Morse told a meeting of the state's Young Democrats that he had no intention of running. The group still voted to advance Senator Morse, after

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for American intervention. Morse spoke against U.S. intervention, saying "The American people are in no mood to contemplate the killing of thousands of American boys in Indochina" on the basis of "generalities". Morse also demanded that Congress be allowed to vote on Operation Vulture first, stating

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and questions arose of continued Republican control of the Senate, Morse confirmed his "ethical obligation" to vote with members of the party on organizational issues, citing his belief that he was acting on behalf of the American people given the Republicans gaining a majority in the 1952 elections.

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as the legal basis for committing U.S. forces to action in the Korean War, Morse supported his decision. At the time, Morse argued that Article 2 of the American constitution gave the president "very broad powers in times of emergency and national crisis" and that the resolution from the UN Security

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In February 1949, during a Senate Labor committee session, Morse stated the Truman administration labor bill was not going to pass in the Senate based on how it was presently written and that "a lot of compromises must be made". That year, Morse also put forward legislation that would impose national

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asked Congress to vote for a request of additional $ 125 million in aid to South Vietnam, Morse voted against the request, accusing Johnson of "trying by indirection to obtain congressional approval of our illegal, unilateral military action in South Vietnam without coming forward with a request for

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According to Mason Drukman, one of Morse's biographers, even after the two men had become senators, neither could get past what had happened in 1931. "Whatever his accomplishments," Drukman writes, "Neuberger was to Morse a man flawed in character" while Neuberger "could not forgive Morse either for

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visited Washington and was hailed by Eisenhower as America's number one ally in the Middle East, Morse was not impressed. In a speech before the Senate, Morse stated: "Here we are, pouring by the way of gifts to that completely totalitarian state, Saudi Arabia, millions of dollars of the taxpayers'

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Though Morse had early on called for the United States to work with the Soviet Union, as the Cold War began he supported the foreign policy of President Harry S. Truman as necessary to stop Soviet expansionism. Morse voted for the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, for the National Security Act and

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In February 1963, after President Kennedy contended that American air cover for the Cuban invasion was never promised, Morse stated that the comments were supported by the testimony of members of the Kennedy administration following the invasion and that the document containing the testimony should

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In March 1961, after President Kennedy nominated Charles M. Meriwether for Director of the Export-Import Bank, Morse labeled Meriwether as racist and antisemitic. Morse added that President Kennedy owed an apology to every Jewish and black person in the United States as a result of the appointment.

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On December 22, 1959, Wayne Morse announced his candidacy for president. He said at his announcement, "Although I would have preferred not to have entered the Oregon race, I shall not run away from a good political fight if it is inevitable." The Morse for President Oregon Headquarters was located

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In January 1946, after President Truman delivered an address criticizing Congress and defending his proposals, Morse referred to President Truman's speech as a "sad confession of the Democratic majority in Congress under the President's leadership" and called for the election of liberal Republicans

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had been partly caused by American isolationism and in one of his first speeches before the Senate, in February 1945, called on the United States to join the planned organization that would replace the League of Nations, namely the United Nations (UN). As a former law professor, Morse believed very

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roots, to the consternation of his more conservative Republican peers. Morse had intended to pull the Republican Party leftwards on the issue of union rights, a stance that put him at odds with many of the more right-wing Republicans. Morse's political heroes were other progressive Republicans such

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Morse and his siblings began their education in a one-room school near Verona. However, the Morse parents, particularly Jessie, shared the Progressive belief that improvement of self and society came through good education, and they admired the schools in Madison. After Morse finished second grade,

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By 1964, Morse had the reputation of being the "Typhoid Mary" of the Senate, an eccentric whose humorlessness and teetotalism made him widely disliked and shunned by the other senators. Morse's refusal to drink alcohol under any circumstances together with a lack of humor that was legendary within

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to speak in Oregon and outspent Morse $ 54,000 to $ 9,000. Morse often found himself responding to Kennedy's claim that he was not a "serious candidate", by proclaiming: "I'm a dead serious candidate." Quietly, Oregon Democrats began to worry about what a loss for Morse would mean in 1962 against

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Gary Neal was persistent and by winter of 1959 was nearing completion of his signature petition to place Morse on the May ballot. Morse soon found himself at a meeting with Neal where they discussed his efforts. Neal said to Morse, "if we don't put your name on the ballot, your enemies will." It

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By 1957, the relationship had deteriorated to the point where, rather than talking face-to-face, the senators exchanged angry letters delivered almost daily by messenger between offices in close proximity. Although the letters were private, the feud quickly became public through letters leaked to

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Committees. The New York Times' Saturday, February 19, 1955, issue featured a front-page photograph of Morse with the caption, "Democrats Welcome Morse to the Fold." The New York Times noted that Morse had made the switch and registered as a Democrat that Friday in his hometown of Eugene, Oregon.

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before the committee as a rebuttal witness. In response to Taylor's testimony, Morse said: "I happen to hold to the point of view that it isn't going to be long before the American people, as a people, will repudiate our war in Southeast Asia". In response, Taylor stated "That of course, is good

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whom Kennedy had nominated as CIA director, Morse accused the CIA having "an unchecked executive power that ought to be brought to an end". Speaking of the Bay of Pigs invasion, he accused the CIA of engaging in reckless actions that could easily cause a war and stated: "We are in a situation in

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As Morse had predicted, he lost to Kennedy in Maryland. Morse continued to pursue his liberalism strategy as the campaign moved to his home turf. Oregon Democrats prepared for a showdown between Morse and Kennedy, although five candidates would appear on the Oregon ballot. Humphrey, to this point

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When the Eisenhower Administration took office one of its first objectives was to riddle the tax code with favors for big business and it did so with the help of the Senator from Massachusetts. We need a candidate who will reverse the big money and big business domination of government. We need a

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When the Formosa resolution came to a vote in January 1955, Morse was one of the three senators who voted against the resolution. In February 1955, during his first public appearance as a Democrat, Morse stated that the vote on the Formosa resolution would have been different if senators were not

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in Chemistry, had his 1953 passport application that would have allowed him to accept the Prize in Sweden refused by Shipley. In rejecting his application, she cited the standard language of her office, that issuance "would not be in the best interests of the United States." but that decision was

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his principal inspiration in foreign policy, saying that "human rights cannot be nationalized or become the monopoly of any nation" and the nations of the world must work towards "a one-world philosophy of permanent peace." Morse argued that a system of international law was needed to protect the

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In April 1946, Morse in a speech denounced "blind national isolationism" and the tendency of many Americans to forget about their responsibilities to the "one-world community" in which they lived. He charged that too many Americans had a "holier than thou" attitude towards other nations and the

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in 1932. He served on many government commissions and boards, including: member, Oregon Crime Commission; administrative director, United States Attorney General's Survey of Release Procedures (1936–1939); Pacific Coast arbitrator for the United States Department of Labor (maritime industry)

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In a speech on 18 February 1965, Morse in a speech “completely” repudiated Johnson's Vietnam policy, accusing the president of leading the United States into a war unconstitutionally. When Johnson announced the beginning of the strategic bombing offensive against North Vietnam code-named

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news to Hanoi, Senator". An infuriated Morse snapped back: "I know that is the smear that you militarists give to those of us who have honest differences of opinion with you, but I don't intend to get down in the gutter with you and engage in that kind of debate, General!"

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Morse spent most of the remaining years of his life attempting to regain his membership in the U.S. Senate. His first attempt since being defeated in 1968 was in 1972. He won the Democratic primary against his old foe, Robert Duncan. In the general election, he lost to the

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at 353 S.W. Morrison St. Portland, Oregon 97204. The Morse entry into the presidential race did not sit well with many who had anticipated significant campaigning in Oregon from a large field of candidates. Morse was accused of flip-flopping on whether or not he would run.

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was "a belated program" that should have been created during the previous decade at a time with lessened "critical and social pressures" and furthered that "a great mistake" would be made in believing the program would be successful in completing its goal within 10 years.

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as Theodore Roosevelt and Robert La Follette, and despite being a Republican admitted that he had voted in the 1944 presidential election for Franklin D. Roosevelt against the Republican candidate Thomas E. Dewey. He was greatly influenced by the "one world" philosophy of

1151:. In a speech on 17 April 1964, Morse stated "Not one voice has yet answered my contention that the United States, under the leadership of Defense Secretary McNamara, is fighting an illegal and unwise war in Vietnam.". A month later on May 20, 1964, when President 891:

might be dealt with by dividing the country up among its neighbors. An immediate backlash against these remarks from Morse and other senators, and Luce's refusal to retract the remark about the horse, led to her resignation just three days after her appointment.

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Mark Hatfield, the Republican incumbent whom he had endorsed in 1966 over fellow Democrat Duncan because of Hatfield's shared opposition to the war in Vietnam but which had become for Morse, according to his principal biographer, a "dismissible virtue" in 1972.

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In March 1948, Morse said he would support a tax reduction on the premise of world conditions worsening and Congress thereby being forced to recall the tax cut and admitted both his personal fear of large reductions and belief that Americans wanted tax cuts.

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as his running mate, Morse left the Republican Party in 1952. Morse criticized the 1952 Republican platform with its call to repeal much of the New Deal and further felt that Eisenhower had shown cowardice by his refusal to publicly criticize Senator

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horses, dairy cows, hogs, sheep, poultry, and feed crops for the animals. The family eventually included five children: Mabel, seven years older than Morse; twin brothers Harry and Grant, four years older; Morse; and Caryl, fourteen years younger.

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overruled. Morse characterized her decisions as "tyrannical and capricious" due to her failures to disclose her actual reasons for the denial of such passport applications. Her supporters included President Truman's Secretary of State

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Morse filed to run in May primaries in the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Oregon, in that order. He had solid connections in all three areas. Oregon was his home and where his wife and family lived. He owned a small farm in

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in a hotly contested race; campaign expenditures totaled over $ 600,000 between the primary and general elections, a very high amount by then-contemporary standards. One of the major issues of the campaign were proposals for the

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In February 1963, Morse stated that the United States was providing France with more foreign aid "than any other country in the world" and that France was concurrently not fulfilling responsibilities as they pertained to

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In February 1966, the chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, J. William Fulbright, held televised hearings about the Vietnam war, which Morse took part in as a member of the committee. Johnson sent General

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As a result of Morse's becoming an Independent, Republican control was reduced to a 48–47 majority. The deaths of nine senators, and the resignation of another, caused many reversals in control of the Senate during

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Morse was kicked in the head by a horse in 1951. He sustained major injuries: the kick "tore his lips nearly off, fractured his jaw in four places, knocked out most of his upper teeth, and loosened several others."

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investigated Morse based on his opposition to the war, allegedly at the request of President Johnson in an attempt to find information that could be used politically against Morse. In June 1965, Morse joined

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Encouraged by Jessie, the Morse family held relatively formal nightly discussions about crops, animals, education, religion, and most frequently about politics. Like many of their neighbors, the family was

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On March 19, 1974, Morse, at age 73, filed the paperwork to seek the Democratic nomination for the Senate seat he had lost six years before. Three other Oregon Democrats filed to run against Morse in the

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would attempt revamping the Taft–Hartley Act and while admitting his continued opposition to the law, acknowledged portions of the Act that he believed could be incorporated into subsequent legislation.

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who as a 19-year-old, drove Morse in the senator's last campaign. Elected in a special election after Packwood's resignation, Wyden won a full term in 1998 and re-election in 2004, 2010, 2016 and 2022.

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When Congressman AuCoin sought to unseat Senator Packwood 18 years later, he adopted Morse's slogan, "principle above politics". Since 1996, the U.S. Senate seat Morse filled has been held by

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money to maintain the military forces of a dictatorship. We ought to have our heads examined!" Morse charged that Saudi Arabia's abysmal record on human rights made it an unacceptable ally.

518:(1938–1942); chairman, Railway Emergency Board (1941); alternate public member of the National Defense Mediation Board (1941); and public member of the National War Labor Board (1942–1944). 3500: 7469: 7464: 6348: 5338: 3775: 757:

from 1928 to 1955. She received criticism for denying passports for political reasons in the absence of due process rights but also got support as her actions were seen as opposing

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A dozen years after joining the Democratic Party, Morse's lack of lifelong commitment to a single political party was viewed as his contribution to a longstanding tradition in the

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said in an editorial that Morse would serve the state with "fierce integrity if elected". Morse managed to defeat Boe in the primary and began preparing for the general election.

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in 1929. Within nine months, he was promoted to associate professor and then dean of the law school. At age 31, this made him the youngest dean of any law school accredited by the

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and others in leading a large anti-war march in New York City. After that, Morse "readily joined such protests when he could, and eagerly called upon others to participate."

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Morse had known when he entered the Maryland contest that he was climbing an extremely steep hill, and had hoped to offset a potential loss there with a win in the District.

7569: 7539: 7484: 5053: 1438:. The Lane County Courthouse in Eugene renovated and rededicated its adjacent Wayne L. Morse Free Speech Plaza in the spring of 2005, complete with a life-size statue and 782:, Section 6 of which made it a crime for any member of a communist organization to use or obtain a passport. In 1964, that provision was declared unconstitutional by the 1454: 712: 7212: 3126: 1998: 1045:

courageous candidate who will stand up and fight the necessary political battle for the welfare of the average American. Kennedy has never been willing to do that.

396:, home of his maternal grandparents, Myron and Flora White. Morse's parents, Wilbur F. Morse and Jessie Elnora Morse, farmed a 320-acre (130 ha) plot near 6858: 6341: 1658: 429:. During these family discussions, Morse developed debating skills and strong opinions about political corruption, corporate domination, labor rights, women's 3543: 3531: 1053:

The Kennedy campaign began to focus on Oregon. Its workers repeatedly denied that Morse was a serious candidate, but to make sure of a win, the campaign sent

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caught wind of the Morse campaign and did their best to follow Morse around. Morse made his liberalism a key issue at every campaign stop. His remarks in

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in February 1955. His switch meant that the Democrats won control of the Senate and had been facilitated through giving Morse his desired places on the

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under the belief that a resolution for a ceasefire was going to be introduced the following week and that Americans did not want war with the Chinese.

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Morse was a late entry in the race for the Democratic nomination for president in 1960. It began unofficially at a 1959 press conference held at the

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was a Catholic and Maryland was the birthplace of the American Catholic church. Morse attempted to generate as much media coverage as possible.

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Streeter, Stephen M. (October 1994). "Campaigning against Latin American Nationalism: U. S. Ambassador John Moors Cabot in Brazil, 1959–1961".

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predicted that Morse was the senator most likely to oppose a congressional resolution giving Johnson the power to wage war in Vietnam.

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During the following years Morse remained one of the country's most outspoken critics of the war. It was later revealed that the

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with having attempted to form a dictatorship over other Senate Democrats and with failing to defend individual senators' rights.

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was the other). Ten other senators voted "present" or missed the vote. It authorized an expansion of U.S. involvement in the

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On August 7, 1964, Morse, who had won re-election in 1962, was one of only two United States senators to vote against the

456:, in speech, from Wisconsin the next year. He married Downie in the same year. For several years, he taught speech at the 7474: 6825: 6522: 6387: 6180: 6115: 6098: 5666: 1330: 1070: 707:, which at the time was the longest one-person filibuster in U.S. Senate history (a record surpassed four years later by 673: 449: 400:, a small community 11 miles (18 km) west-southwest of Madison. Morse grew up on this farm, where the family raised 369: 357:'s election to the presidency in 1952. While an independent, he set a record for performing the third-longest one-person 326: 1050:

Kennedy's main challenger in the primaries, had lost badly to Kennedy in West Virginia and had dropped out of the race.

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to replace Morse as the Democratic nominee in the Senate race. Roberts lost to the incumbent Bob Packwood in the fall.

1207: 733: 551: 498: 457: 418: 334: 330: 1112:. Morse said the investigation had primarily been handled by White House staff instead of State Department officials. 5893: 5787: 3762: 3706: 3659: 3420: 3382: 2399: 2316: 2244: 1858: 3870: 1662: 6641: 6510: 6375: 5410: 5315: 5136: 3749: 3693: 3646: 1498: 816: 812: 688: 362: 346: 311: 205: 159: 149: 1431: 6047: 1361: 1252: 1139:

be made public as a result of "subsequent developments". Morse contended that the Kennedy administration-created

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In the spring of 1964, Morse began to call the Vietnam War "McNamara's War" after the hawkish Defense Secretary

5503: 3443: 3401: 1393: 1018: 845: 784: 532: 20: 2500:"MORSE DENOUNCES JOHNSON'S TACTICS; Accuses Senate Democratic Leader of Dictatorship – Severs 'Relationships'" 2003: 6326: 6094: 3855: 2074: 1303:

on May 28 and made Morse's age a key campaign issue. His most prominent opponent was Oregon Senate President

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which we shall probably never again see Congress pass a declaration of war prior to the beginning of a war."

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Despite his changes in party allegiance, for which he was branded a maverick, Morse won re-election to the

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In April 1961, Morse was outraged by the Bay of Pigs invasion, and in a letter to the Secretary of State,

380:. He continued to speak out against the war in the ensuing years, and lost his 1968 bid for reelection to 7519: 6605: 6310: 6132: 4935: 4844: 4740: 4649: 4545: 4454: 4363: 4272: 4178: 4087: 3996: 3892: 3136: 612: 235: 6954: 3595: 3572: 3561: 3516: 1485: 740: 506: 422: 291: 3254:

and the crusty Oregonian Wayne Morse, a classic embodiment of Western unconcern for party organization

3006:"FBI Investigated Wayne Morse Over Vietnam War Opposition; Johnson Allegedly Ordered Probe of Senator" 1549: 7504: 6618: 6128: 5246: 1192: 1168: 629: 373: 1089:

asserted that lower-ranking officials in the State Department had cleared the way for the regime of

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rotunda before the funeral. More than 600 people attended the funeral service. Former Senator

869: 820: 804: 716: 502: 350: 277: 2358:(2). University of Utah, Sage Publications, Inc., Western Political Science Association: 593–601. 1445:

The Morse family's 27-acre (11 ha) Eugene property and home, Edgewood Farm, is listed on the

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Hughes, Harold.,"Kennedy Asks Voters To Back Candidates Who Can Win", The Oregonian, May 18, 1960

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Morse was reelected in 1950. Earlier in that year, he was one of the six Senators who supported

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On July 21, 1974, while trying to keep up a busy campaign schedule, Morse was hospitalized at

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to reign in Cuba, Morse denied the charge and stated that he knew of no basis for the claim.

1014: 884: 540: 7444: 7439: 5913: 5440: 5341: 5166: 4573: 4482: 4391: 3783: 2302: 1573: 1571: 1569: 1365: 1203: 1109: 1105: 1037: 998: 981: 908: 861: 841: 808: 684: 680: 625: 576: 445: 401: 354: 342: 306:(October 20, 1900 – July 22, 1974) was an American attorney and United States Senator from 49: 1596: 1423:. In addition, he was recognized in the Wayne Morse Commons of the University of Oregon's 1021:, sponsoring legislation for that cause. Kennedy did not enter the D.C. primary. Senator 8: 6802: 6064: 5646: 5261: 5151: 5131: 5091: 3495: 1129: 829: 754: 704: 514: 227: 3521: 2784:

Smith, Robert. "Morse Plans To Forgo Democratic Convention" The Oregonian. June 6, 1960.

1781: 1566: 1183:, granting the president the ability to take military action in the absence of a formal 7386: 6900: 6896: 6867: 6586: 6486: 6111: 5948: 5923: 5709: 5636: 5420: 5387: 5276: 5013: 3361: 3218: 3131: 3062: 2457: 2449: 2367: 2283: 2275: 1326:

stating that death "has deprived the United States Senate of a superb public servant".

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Morse largely sat out the rest of the 1960 campaign. He even opted out of going to the

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which Morse wanted to be publicly built and run and McKay wanted to be privately run.

7107: 6888: 6884: 6787: 6762: 6686: 6674: 6461: 6425: 6170: 5845: 5656: 5606: 5463: 5307: 5266: 5251: 5176: 5156: 5146: 5116: 5106: 5031: 4872: 4791: 4768: 4700: 4677: 4627: 4609: 4523: 4505: 4423: 4341: 4259: 4165: 4074: 3981: 3820: 3601: 3439: 3432: 3416: 3397: 3378: 3365: 3237: 2461: 2395: 2312: 2287: 1854: 1847: 1690: 1152: 1132: 896: 876: 724: 644: 469: 397: 372:. In 1964, Morse was one of two senators to oppose the later-to-become-controversial 927: 7197: 7092: 6920: 6496: 6481: 6471: 6466: 6250: 6145: 6077: 6019: 5795: 5754: 5596: 5546: 5483: 5271: 5241: 5231: 5226: 5121: 4913: 4820: 4414: 4332: 4241: 4147: 4056: 3963: 3742: 3605: 3505: 3357: 3353: 3251: 2969: 2522: 2441: 2359: 2267: 1901:

Associated Press, "Income Tax Cut Bill Believed Sure of Passing" (March 22, 1948),

1782:"2 – Radio Report to the American People on the Status of the Reconversion Program" 1450: 1397: 1248: 854: 547: 490: 461: 222: 209: 138: 3526: 3462: 1025:

was Morse's main opponent in the D.C. contest, which Humphrey won 7,831 to 5,866.

7300: 7288: 7165: 7076: 7030: 6729: 6571: 6491: 6456: 6446: 6410: 6305: 5989: 5933: 5873: 5626: 5566: 5473: 5455: 5367: 5357: 5349: 5281: 5236: 5186: 5111: 4323: 4250: 4232: 4156: 4138: 4065: 4047: 3972: 3954: 3792: 3639: 3550: 3538: 3474: 3229: 2308: 1777: 1435: 1369: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1172: 1148: 1029: 1022: 883:. Morse, who had known Luce for many years, chastised Luce for her criticism of 653: 584: 556: 536: 409: 77: 2200:

George Beadle, An Uncommon Farmer: The Emergence of Genetics in the 20th Century

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and was listed in critical condition. He died the next day. An editorial ran in

1243:, he angered many in his own party for supporting Oregon's Republican Governor, 668:

offered Morse his seat on the Labor Committee, which Morse ultimately accepted.

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In the Senate the most prominent men from the Coast have been the Californians

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from the national Democratic ticket, a "mini convention" was called to confirm

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The Associated Press, "Morse Hints Primary Run: Presidential Race Expected",

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for the United States to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

438: 368:

Morse made a brief run for the Democratic Party's presidential nomination in

7280: 7173: 7149: 7126: 6663: 6653: 6436: 6200: 6190: 6060: 6043: 5956: 5860: 5523: 5493: 5402: 5291: 5191: 5171: 4584: 3832: 3816: 3614: 3581: 1428: 1255: 1090: 990: 775: 771: 750: 567: 381: 376:. It authorized the president to take military action in Vietnam without a 338: 89: 3610: 3065:. Oregon Blue Book. Salem, Oregon: Office of the Secretary of State, 1970. 872:. He was the only Senator opposed to the bill who was not from the South. 664:

to force a vote of the entire Senate but lost his bid. New York's Senator

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Smith, Robert. "Campaign Zeroing On Oregon", The Oregonian. May 12, 1960.

2385: 1401: 1176: 1058: 986: 766: 633: 619: 426: 315: 6300: 3591: 807:, during which he campaigned heavily for Democratic U.S. Senate nominee 365:

in February 1955, and was reelected twice while a member of that party.

6210: 5903: 5161: 5141: 4291: 4197: 4106: 4015: 3911: 3808: 3490: 3344:

Ceplair, Larry (2012). "The Foreign Policy of Senator Wayne L. Morse".

2736:"'Liberalism' Issue Pressed By Morse", The New York Times, May 14, 1960 2453: 1389: 1373: 358: 3544:

Phone call #2 between Morse and President Johnson on an education bill

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Editorial, "Latest Morse Flip-Flop", The Oregonian, December 27, 1959

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The Last Angry Man: The Story of America's Most Controversial Senator

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The Associated Press, "Oregon's Solon Set for State Primary Fight",

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began and Morse led the fight in the Senate against what became the

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Swarthout, John M. (December 1954). "The 1954 Election in Oregon".

1073:. Instead he sat at home and watched it on television from Eugene. 505:. After becoming a full professor of law in 1931, he completed his 430: 2775:"Kennedy Has 50,000 Edge; Morse Quits" The Oregonian. May 22, 1960 7000: 3512:

News coverage from the night Wayne Morse was hospitalized in 1974

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were all in attendance. Pallbearers included Oregon Congressman

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Transcript: The Gulf of Tonkin and Wayne Morse October 13, 1999

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Letter from Ruth B. Shipley to Linus Pauling. February 14, 1952

1360:

Wayne Morse was given a state funeral on July 26, 1974, in the

949: 935: 880: 433:, education, and, on a personal level, hard work and sobriety. 307: 54: 37: 2017: 2015: 2013: 486: 1427:. Also housed in the University of Oregon Law Center is the 611:

In November 1950, Morse stated his belief that the incoming

441:

and class vice-president the same year Morse was president.

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Notable third-party performances in United States elections

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On September 4, 1959, Morse charged Senate Majority Leader

465: 7470:

Candidates in the 1960 United States presidential election

7465:

Candidates in the 1952 United States presidential election

6604: 2739: 2694: 2606: 2510: 2010: 1473:, documentary film by Christopher Houser and Robert Millis 1179:. His central contention was that the resolution violated 333:, Morse moved to Oregon in 1930 and began teaching at the 1689:. Wayne Morse Center for Law and Politics. Archived from 1215: 510: 2988: 2986: 2856: 2854: 2182: 2180: 2178: 1999:

Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate

1956: 1884: 1882: 3472: 3044: 1976:"Morse To Push For Revision Of T-H Act In New Congress" 1867: 1724: 1722: 907:

Toward the end of the 1950s, Morse's relationship with

723:, Eisenhower tentatively put forward a plan code-named 5337: 5061: 3020: 2718: 2706: 2594: 2582: 2570: 2558: 2546: 2534: 2468: 1746: 1734: 1709: 1707: 1638:"Biographical Directory of the United States Congress" 1400:, who was running for a seat vacated by Congresswoman 719:). In 1954, with France on the verge of defeat at the 620:

Re-election and independence from the Republican Party

3377:. Portland, Oregon: Oregon Historical Society Press. 3318:. MUSE: Museums of Springfield/Eugene. Archived from 2983: 2930: 2918: 2906: 2902:

Air Cover Charge False, Morse Says (February 8, 1963)

2891:

Let France Go It Alone, Morse Says (February 4, 1963)

2851: 2637:"Morse Asks No Ballot: Senator Bucks Petition Move", 2175: 2163: 2052: 1944: 1879: 1632: 703:

for 22 hours and 26 minutes protesting the

16:

U.S. Senator from Oregon who served from 1945 to 1969

3396:. San Diego, California: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. 2408: 2075:"1941: Independent Fights for Committee Assignments" 2036: 1758: 1719: 1630: 1628: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1620: 1618: 1616: 1614: 1612: 1580:, pp. 11–34, Chapter 1: Progressive Beginnings. 19:"Senator Morse" redirects here. For other uses, see 7570:

United States Army Field Artillery Branch personnel

7540:

Republican Party United States senators from Oregon

7485:

Democratic Party United States senators from Oregon

3476:

The Two Americas: Dialogue on Progress and Problems

3077:, p. 458, Chapter 14: A Maverick's Denouement. 2245:"U.S. Senate: Wayne L. Morse: A Featured Biography" 1704: 1510:

List of United States senators who switched parties

1040:, suggest that Kennedy was anything but a liberal: 875:In 1959, Morse opposed Eisenhower's appointment of 3461: 3431: 3298:"One Senator's Solution For Health Care Expansion" 3217: 1934:"Senate Kills Morse Plan For Handling Big Strikes" 1846: 1547: 753:headed the Passport Division of the United States 535:primary election for senator, unseating incumbent 497:Morse became an assistant professor of law at the 3532:Phone call #1 between Morse and President Johnson 3527:Pacifica Radio's Wayne Morse 1968 DNC audio clips 3464:The Tiger in the Senate: Biography of Wayne Morse 2391:Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson 2345: 2304:Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson 2232:"Passport Chief to End Career," February 25, 1955 1609: 970:during Morse's run for the Democratic nomination. 563:who favored a quasi-isolationist foreign policy. 7431: 6866: 3468:. Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, Inc. 2960: 2958: 2333:"Senator Blasts U.S. China Policy On T.V. Forum" 2202:(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2003), 219 1550:"The 5 Longest Senate Filibusters in US History" 3095:. Washington Post. Newsweek Interactive Co. LLC 2266:(4). The Western Political Quarterly: 620–625. 1283:In that same year, following the withdrawal of 798: 795:persuaded Morse to join the Democratic caucus. 526: 509:(a research doctorate in law equivalent to the 361:in the history of the Senate. Morse joined the 3506:Audio of various Wayne Morse radio commercials 3496:Wayne Morse papers at the University of Oregon 2827:"Morse Seeks $ 12 Million For Works in Oregon" 2531:, pp. 240–300, Chapter 9: Dick and Wayne. 2427: 2425: 2423: 2384: 2069: 2067: 1681: 1679: 1115:In January 1962, at the nomination hearing of 902: 6852: 6342: 5323: 5047: 3856: 3557:Morse, Fulbright, and LBJ speak about Vietnam 3216:Morgan, Neil (1967). "Politics in Disarray". 3169:"Editorial", The New York Times, May 30, 1974 2955: 2301:Caro, Robert (2002). "24. The Johnson Rule". 2032: 2030: 1388:and three candidates for Congress, Democrats 1210:about the progress of the Vietnam War in 1966 1181:Article One of the United States Constitution 955: 605:United Nations Security Council Resolution 84 476:, from 1923 to 1929, and was a member of the 3568:Morse speaks on giving authority to Make WAR 3089:"How To Replace a Vice Presidential Nominee" 2815:. Eugene Register Guard. September 12, 1960. 2294: 976:1960 Democratic Party presidential primaries 314:’s leadership and for his opposition to the 3473:Manger, William; Wayne Lyman Morse (1965). 2420: 2237: 2103:"Senate Holds Session Today To Argue Issue" 2064: 1994:"Margaret Chase Smith, Republican of Maine" 1676: 1661:. Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity. Archived from 1247:, over the Democratic nominee, Congressman 1017:, and had spent fifteen years fighting for 6859: 6845: 6349: 6335: 5330: 5316: 5054: 5040: 3863: 3849: 3086: 3056: 2952:, 2001 Modern Library Edition, pp. 475–76. 2665: 2663: 2649: 2647: 2027: 1333:met in August and nominated state Senator 1202:Senator Morse (right) seated with Senator 579:of 1947, which concerned labor relations. 67:January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1969 36: 7550:University of Minnesota Law School alumni 7480:Deans of law schools in the United States 3602:"Longines Chronoscope with Wayne L Morse" 2257: 2251: 2223: 2221: 780:Subversive Activities Control Act of 1950 6363:1960 United States presidential election 3410: 3050: 3038: 2847:. The Lewiston Daily Sun. March 9, 1961. 2431: 1344: 1265: 1197: 1108:incommunicado on U.S. submarine base in 1062:possible Republican challenger Governor 959: 736:because it conformed to the UN Charter. 521: 485: 387: 3491:Wayne Morse Center for Law and Politics 3372: 3343: 3316:"The Wayne Morse Ranch Historical Park" 3074: 3026: 2992: 2912: 2860: 2795:"Demos Charge U.S. Aided Castro Regime" 2745: 2724: 2712: 2700: 2660: 2644: 2612: 2600: 2588: 2576: 2564: 2552: 2540: 2528: 2516: 2474: 2186: 2169: 2058: 2021: 1962: 1950: 1888: 1873: 1798:. The Pittsburgh Pres. January 4, 1946. 1764: 1752: 1740: 1713: 1594: 1577: 1548:Lancaster, LNP Media in; Pennsylvania. 1522: 1429:Wayne Morse Center for Law and Politics 1001:with Gary Neal and Wayne Morse was the 392:Morse was born on October 20, 1900, in 310:. Morse is well known for opposing the 7560:University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni 7432: 3501:Wayne Morse video from "War Made Easy" 3429: 3215: 3124: 2936: 2924: 2218: 1776: 1728: 1528: 6840: 6603: 6330: 5311: 5035: 3844: 3459: 3391: 3308: 2414: 2153:"Sen. Morse to Vote With Republicans" 1355:politics of the Western United States 1261: 183: 2813:"Solons Say Cuba 'Handed to Castro'" 2682:Photo, The Oregonian, April 20, 1960 2300: 2123:. Herald-Journal. February 17, 1953. 2039:"Wayne Morse Sets Filibuster Record" 1844: 1651: 1590: 1588: 1586: 1492: 1464: 1447:National Register of Historic Places 1076: 791:In 1955, Democratic Majority Leader 7535:Politicians from Madison, Wisconsin 2388:(2002). "Chapter 38 Hells Canyon". 2121:"Morse Says Ike Shares Waste Blame" 1331:Oregon Democratic Central Committee 1081:In September 1960, after Democrats 1071:1960 Democratic National Convention 13: 7490:Independent United States senators 7206:New Haven-León Sister City Project 5063:United States senators from Oregon 3874:'s delegation(s) to the 79th–90th 3800:U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Oregon 3453: 3375:Wayne Morse: A Political Biography 2874:"Senators To Sift Reports On Cuba" 2089:"membership changes 83rd congress" 1916:"Morse Sees Defeat For Labor Bill" 1531:"Morse loses last of many battles" 1208:Senate Foreign Relations Committee 930:Wayne Morse: A Political Biography 734:Southeast Asia Treaty Organization 632:, which criticized the tactics of 499:University of Oregon School of Law 458:University of Minnesota Law School 421:and discussed ideas championed by 335:University of Oregon School of Law 331:University of Minnesota Law School 14: 7586: 7500:Military personnel from Wisconsin 3484: 3286:. Associated Press. May 30, 1991. 2966:"About Wayne Morse – Vietnam War" 2335:. Vochenblatt. February 24, 1955. 2135:"Demos Seek Wide Old-Age Program" 1687:"About Wayne Morse: Early Career" 1583: 928:Presentation by Mason Drukman on 868:In 1957, Morse voted against the 464:degree there in 1928. He held a 6299: 5200: 3604:is available for viewing at the 3415:. New York: Simon and Schuster. 3290: 3272: 3259: 3209: 3197: 3184: 3172: 3163: 3087:Leibenluft, Jacob (2008-09-02). 2673:, December 23, 1959. Front Page. 1796:"Turn Heat on Congress – Truman" 1499:Electoral history of Wayne Morse 1301:1974 Democratic primary election 922: 689:United States Secretary of State 206:University of Wisconsin, Madison 7575:Liberalism in the United States 7530:Politicians from Eugene, Oregon 7450:20th-century Oregon politicians 3280:"Rep. AuCoin to Try for Senate" 3151: 3118: 3106: 3080: 3012:. July 17, 1988. Archived from 2998: 2942: 2895: 2884: 2866: 2845:"Meriwether Selection Approved" 2837: 2819: 2805: 2787: 2778: 2769: 2760: 2751: 2730: 2685: 2676: 2631: 2624:"Morse Possible Ballot Entry", 2618: 2492: 2480: 2378: 2352:The Western Political Quarterly 2339: 2325: 2205: 2192: 2145: 2127: 2113: 2095: 2081: 1986: 1968: 1926: 1908: 1894: 1838: 1828:"Capital Uneasy Over GM Strike" 1820: 1810:"Vote On Truman Program Sought" 1802: 1788: 1770: 1529:Willis, Henry (July 22, 1974). 1364:. His body lay in state in the 1362:Oregon House of Representatives 811:in 1954, Morse switched to the 450:University of Wisconsin–Madison 179: 3413:Our Vietnam: the war 1954-1975 3358:10.5403/oregonhistq.113.1.0006 3337: 3127:"Four want to battle Packwood" 3125:Willis, Henny (May 26, 1974). 2394:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing. 1853:. Greenwood Publishing Group. 1541: 1417:Wayne L. Morse U.S. Courthouse 1349:Wayne L. Morse U.S. Courthouse 846:U.S. Secretary of the Interior 21:Senator Morse (disambiguation) 1: 7545:United States Army reservists 7525:People from Verona, Wisconsin 6642:National States' Rights Party 3352:(1) (Spring ed.): 6–35. 2348:"The 1966 Election in Oregon" 2198:Paul Berg and Maxine Singer, 1515: 778:of Nevada, the author of the 7555:University of Oregon faculty 2489:, from bioguide.congress.gov 2260:Political Research Quarterly 1425:William W. Knight Law Center 799:Joining the Democratic Party 713:24-hour-18-minute filibuster 527:1944 election and first term 7: 7565:United States Army officers 7495:Lawyers from Eugene, Oregon 7460:American Congregationalists 7455:American Christian Zionists 6311:Third party (U.S. politics) 3346:Oregon Historical Quarterly 1503: 1442:imprinted with quotations. 903:Feud with Richard Neuberger 785:United States Supreme Court 765:, who had been awarded the 699:In 1953, Morse conducted a 613:82nd United States Congress 318:on constitutional grounds. 10: 7591: 7475:Columbia Law School alumni 3596:Oregon Public Broadcasting 3586:The Mike Wallace Interview 2950:The Best and the Brightest 2657:, October 22, 1959, 6M 20. 2346:Balmer, Donald G. (1967). 2272:10.1177/106591295400700413 2037:Senate Historical Office. 1496: 973: 956:1960 presidential campaign 741:First Taiwan Strait Crisis 603:In 1950, when Truman used 423:Robert M. La Follette, Sr. 18: 7257: 7067: 6875: 6815: 6772: 6739: 6706: 6673: 6640: 6619:American Vegetarian Party 6617: 6599: 6536: 6518: 6509: 6401: 6383: 6374: 6294: 6163: 6129:Robert M. La Follette Jr. 6033: 5980: 5947: 5859: 5786: 5753: 5680: 5537: 5454: 5401: 5348: 5209: 5198: 5069: 3885: 3829: 3797: 3789: 3782: 3772: 3747: 3739: 3729: 3691: 3683: 3673: 3644: 3636: 3631: 3460:Smith, A. Robert (1962). 2234:, accessed April 13, 2021 2215:, accessed April 13, 2021 1845:Beik, Mildred A. (2005). 1597:"Wayne Morse (1900–1974)" 1488:, a 2007 documentary film 1396:, and Morse's old rival, 1380:and Oregon House Speaker 1340: 1241:1966 U.S. Senate election 1193:Operation Rolling Thunder 1169:Gulf of Tonkin Resolution 921: 916: 630:Declaration of Conscience 374:Gulf of Tonkin Resolution 297: 283: 273: 265: 255: 247: 242: 201: 193: 166: 145: 128: 104: 99: 95: 83: 71: 60: 48: 44: 35: 28: 5773:Harrison H. Riddleberger 3876:United States Congresses 3632:Party political offices 3594:Documentary produced by 3430:Karnow, Stanley (1983). 2157:the Southeast Missourian 1640:. United States Congress 1455:Rest Haven Memorial Park 1270:1974 campaign photograph 1206:during a hearing of the 870:Civil Rights Act of 1957 860:In March 1957 when King 717:Civil Rights Act of 1957 503:American Bar Association 341:, he was elected to the 7093:Randall Watson Forsberg 6798:George Lincoln Rockwell 6741:Socialist Workers Party 3411:Langguth, A.J. (2000). 3373:Drukman, Mason (1997). 1938:Ellensburg Daily Record 1814:Spokane Daily Chronicle 1602:The Oregon Encyclopedia 1595:Drukman, Mason (2008). 1316:Good Samaritan Hospital 1156:a declaration of war." 1003:Oregon Republican Party 964:Editorial cartoon from 721:Battle of Dien Bien Phu 679:In January 1953, after 662:parliamentary procedure 531:In 1944, Morse won the 327:University of Wisconsin 219:University of Minnesota 6819:Other 1960 elections: 5342:United States senators 3879:(ordered by seniority) 3392:Lacey, Robert (1981). 2041:. United States Senate 1350: 1271: 1211: 1047: 971: 660:and others. He used a 494: 325:, and educated at the 288:Field Artillery Branch 7158:Marian Wright Edelman 6959:William Sloane Coffin 6708:Socialist Labor Party 6577:Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. 6561:Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. 3302:National Public Radio 2831:Eugene Register-Guard 2801:. September 11, 1960. 2799:Eugene Register-Guard 1903:Eugene Register-Guard 1537:. Oregon. p. 1A. 1535:Eugene Register-Guard 1348: 1269: 1201: 1141:Alliance for Progress 1042: 1015:Poolesville, Maryland 963: 885:Franklin D. Roosevelt 844:in 1956. He defeated 715:in opposition of the 541:Franklin D. Roosevelt 522:United States Senator 491:Morse's longtime home 489: 388:Early life and career 266:Years of service 50:United States Senator 6776:and other candidates 5914:Richard F. Pettigrew 3438:. New York: Viking. 3016:on October 22, 2012. 2833:. February 23, 1961. 2506:. September 5, 1959. 2139:The Spokesman-Review 1982:. November 18, 1950. 1253:State Representative 1204:J. William Fulbright 1110:Vieques, Puerto Rico 1106:Bay of Pigs Invasion 1038:Cumberland, Maryland 999:elephant in the room 989:introduced him as a 862:Saud of Saudi Arabia 848:and former governor 842:United States Senate 681:Dwight D. Eisenhower 626:Margaret Chase Smith 566:Morse believed that 355:Dwight D. Eisenhower 7510:Oregon Independents 6803:Charles L. Sullivan 6306:Politics portal 5647:Peter G. Van Winkle 3304:. January 30, 2010. 3139:on January 25, 2013 3010:The Washington Post 2948:Halberstam, David. 2748:, pp. 329–330. 2703:, pp. 326–329. 2615:, pp. 297–298. 2519:, pp. 246–247. 2109:. January 24, 1953. 2024:, pp. 317–325. 1922:. February 3, 1949. 1816:. January 15, 1946. 1780:(January 3, 1946). 1419:opened in downtown 1318:in Portland due to 1130:President of France 830:Profiles in Courage 803:After a term as an 755:Department of State 705:Submerged Lands Act 515:Columbia Law School 472:, Field Artillery, 444:Morse received his 228:Columbia University 7520:Oregon Republicans 7387:Tom B.K. Goldtooth 6901:John Haynes Holmes 6897:Maurice Eisendrath 6868:Gandhi Peace Award 6587:Nelson Rockefeller 6487:Adlai Stevenson II 5949:Nonpartisan League 5924:William M. Stewart 5710:Morgan C. Hamilton 5682:Liberal Republican 5637:David T. Patterson 5421:John J. Crittenden 5388:William C. Preston 3806:Served alongside: 3549:2009-03-25 at the 3537:2009-03-25 at the 3284:The New York Times 3267:The New York Times 3220:The Pacific States 3206:, August 12, 1974. 3204:The New York Times 3192:The New York Times 3179:The New York Times 3158:The New York Times 3132:The Register-Guard 3113:The New York Times 3041:, p. 418-419. 2641:, August 22, 1959. 2626:The Oregon Journal 1434:2012-04-08 at the 1351: 1324:The New York Times 1309:The New York Times 1272: 1262:Post-Senate career 1225:Coretta Scott King 1212: 1185:declaration of war 1034:The New York Times 972: 745:Formosa Resolution 739:In late 1954, the 730:John Foster Dulles 550:, he revealed his 495: 394:Madison, Wisconsin 378:declaration of war 323:Madison, Wisconsin 260:United States Army 122:Madison, Wisconsin 7427: 7426: 7108:Robert Jay Lifton 6889:Edwin T. Dahlberg 6885:Eleanor Roosevelt 6834: 6833: 6811: 6810: 6788:Merritt B. Curtis 6763:Myra Tanner Weiss 6687:Rutherford Decker 6675:Prohibition Party 6595: 6594: 6505: 6504: 6462:Lyndon B. Johnson 6426:Lyndon B. Johnson 6324: 6323: 6171:Harry F. Byrd Jr. 5866:Silver Republican 5846:William A. Peffer 5816:William A. Harris 5657:Waitman T. Willey 5607:John B. Henderson 5464:Lawrence Brainerd 5378:Stephen D. Miller 5305: 5304: 5029: 5028: 5024: 5023: 3839: 3838: 3830:Succeeded by 3821:Maurine Neuberger 3813:Richard Neuberger 3804:1945–1969 3773:Succeeded by 3730:Succeeded by 3687:Howard Latourette 3674:Succeeded by 3434:Vietnam A History 2628:, August 2, 1959. 2487:Clare Boothe Luce 1659:"Prominent Pikes" 1493:Electoral history 1465:Documentary films 1153:Lyndon B. Johnson 1133:Charles De Gaulle 1077:Final Senate term 941: 940: 909:Richard Neuberger 897:Lyndon B. Johnson 879:as ambassador to 877:Clare Boothe Luce 809:Richard Neuberger 774:and U.S. Senator 725:Operation Vulture 685:Charles E. Wilson 645:Dwight Eisenhower 470:second lieutenant 460:, and earned his 446:bachelor's degree 304:Wayne Lyman Morse 301: 300: 292:U.S. Army Reserve 278:Second Lieutenant 109:Wayne Lyman Morse 7582: 7505:Oregon Democrats 7420: 7412: 7400: 7399: 7393: 7381: 7373: 7365: 7357: 7345: 7344: 7338: 7337: 7331: 7330: 7324: 7323: 7317: 7316: 7310: 7309: 7303: 7291: 7283: 7275: 7274: 7268: 7267: 7250: 7249: 7243: 7242: 7236: 7222: 7215: 7208: 7200: 7198:Edith Ballantyne 7192: 7184: 7176: 7168: 7160: 7152: 7144: 7143: 7137: 7129: 7121: 7120: 7114: 7102: 7101: 7095: 7087: 7079: 7060: 7052: 7040: 7039: 7033: 7025: 7017: 7016: 7010: 7009: 7003: 6995: 6994: 6988: 6976: 6975: 6969: 6961: 6945: 6937: 6936: 6930: 6929: 6923: 6921:E. Stanley Jones 6915: 6903: 6891: 6861: 6854: 6847: 6838: 6837: 6601: 6600: 6568:Other candidates 6516: 6515: 6511:Republican Party 6497:Stuart Symington 6482:Albert S. Porter 6472:Robert B. Meyner 6467:George H. McLain 6433:Other candidates 6381: 6380: 6376:Democratic Party 6351: 6344: 6337: 6328: 6327: 6304: 6303: 6251:George W. Norris 6146:Miles Poindexter 6144: 6127: 6110: 6093: 6078:James L. Buckley 6076: 6059: 6042: 6020:Henrik Shipstead 5796:William V. Allen 5597:Joseph S. Fowler 5547:Lemuel J. Bowden 5484:Francis Gillette 5441:John B. Thompson 5332: 5325: 5318: 5309: 5308: 5204: 5203: 5056: 5049: 5042: 5033: 5032: 5012: 5003: 4994: 4985: 4962: 4953: 4921: 4912: 4903: 4894: 4871: 4862: 4828: 4819: 4810: 4801: 4790: 4767: 4758: 4726: 4717: 4708: 4699: 4676: 4667: 4635: 4626: 4617: 4608: 4583: 4572: 4563: 4531: 4522: 4513: 4504: 4481: 4472: 4440: 4431: 4422: 4413: 4390: 4381: 4349: 4340: 4331: 4322: 4299: 4290: 4258: 4249: 4240: 4231: 4208: 4205: 4196: 4164: 4155: 4146: 4137: 4114: 4105: 4073: 4064: 4055: 4046: 4023: 4014: 3980: 3971: 3962: 3953: 3942: 3919: 3910: 3888: 3887: 3880: 3865: 3858: 3851: 3842: 3841: 3790:Preceded by 3743:Robert B. Duncan 3740:Preceded by 3684:Preceded by 3637:Preceded by 3629: 3628: 3606:Internet Archive 3569: 3558: 3513: 3480: 3469: 3467: 3449: 3437: 3426: 3407: 3388: 3369: 3331: 3330: 3328: 3327: 3312: 3306: 3305: 3294: 3288: 3287: 3276: 3270: 3269:, July 27, 1974. 3263: 3257: 3256: 3252:William Knowland 3223: 3213: 3207: 3201: 3195: 3188: 3182: 3176: 3170: 3167: 3161: 3155: 3149: 3148: 3146: 3144: 3135:. Archived from 3122: 3116: 3110: 3104: 3103: 3101: 3100: 3084: 3078: 3072: 3066: 3060: 3054: 3048: 3042: 3036: 3030: 3024: 3018: 3017: 3002: 2996: 2990: 2981: 2980: 2978: 2977: 2968:. Archived from 2962: 2953: 2946: 2940: 2934: 2928: 2922: 2916: 2910: 2904: 2899: 2893: 2888: 2882: 2881: 2870: 2864: 2858: 2849: 2848: 2841: 2835: 2834: 2823: 2817: 2816: 2809: 2803: 2802: 2791: 2785: 2782: 2776: 2773: 2767: 2764: 2758: 2755: 2749: 2743: 2737: 2734: 2728: 2722: 2716: 2710: 2704: 2698: 2692: 2689: 2683: 2680: 2674: 2667: 2658: 2651: 2642: 2635: 2629: 2622: 2616: 2610: 2604: 2598: 2592: 2586: 2580: 2574: 2568: 2562: 2556: 2550: 2544: 2538: 2532: 2526: 2520: 2514: 2508: 2507: 2496: 2490: 2484: 2478: 2472: 2466: 2465: 2429: 2418: 2412: 2406: 2405: 2382: 2376: 2375: 2343: 2337: 2336: 2329: 2323: 2322: 2298: 2292: 2291: 2255: 2249: 2248: 2241: 2235: 2225: 2216: 2209: 2203: 2196: 2190: 2184: 2173: 2167: 2161: 2160: 2159:. July 31, 1953. 2149: 2143: 2142: 2131: 2125: 2124: 2117: 2111: 2110: 2099: 2093: 2092: 2085: 2079: 2078: 2071: 2062: 2056: 2050: 2049: 2047: 2046: 2034: 2025: 2019: 2008: 2007: 2002:. Archived from 1990: 1984: 1983: 1972: 1966: 1965:, p. 11–12. 1960: 1954: 1948: 1942: 1941: 1940:. June 23, 1949. 1930: 1924: 1923: 1912: 1906: 1898: 1892: 1886: 1877: 1871: 1865: 1864: 1852: 1842: 1836: 1835: 1824: 1818: 1817: 1806: 1800: 1799: 1792: 1786: 1785: 1778:Truman, Harry S. 1774: 1768: 1762: 1756: 1750: 1744: 1738: 1732: 1726: 1717: 1711: 1702: 1701: 1699: 1698: 1683: 1674: 1673: 1671: 1670: 1655: 1649: 1648: 1646: 1645: 1634: 1607: 1606: 1592: 1581: 1575: 1564: 1563: 1561: 1560: 1545: 1539: 1538: 1526: 1482: 1451:Wayne Morse Farm 1398:Robert B. Duncan 926: 925: 914: 913: 855:Hells Canyon Dam 813:Democratic Party 647:'s selection of 577:Taft–Hartley Act 548:Washington, D.C. 452:in 1923 and his 363:Democratic Party 312:Democratic Party 243:Military service 187: 185: 181: 139:Portland, Oregon 135: 119:October 20, 1900 118: 116: 100:Personal details 86: 74: 65: 40: 26: 25: 7590: 7589: 7585: 7584: 7583: 7581: 7580: 7579: 7430: 7429: 7428: 7423: 7415: 7403: 7397: 7396: 7384: 7376: 7368: 7360: 7348: 7342: 7341: 7335: 7334: 7328: 7327: 7321: 7320: 7314: 7313: 7307: 7306: 7301:David Cortright 7294: 7289:Dennis Kucinich 7286: 7278: 7272: 7271: 7265: 7264: 7253: 7247: 7246: 7240: 7239: 7227: 7218: 7211: 7203: 7195: 7187: 7179: 7171: 7166:George McGovern 7163: 7155: 7147: 7141: 7140: 7135:John Somerville 7132: 7124: 7118: 7117: 7105: 7099: 7098: 7090: 7082: 7077:Helen Caldicott 7074: 7063: 7055: 7043: 7037: 7036: 7031:Daniel Ellsberg 7028: 7020: 7014: 7013: 7007: 7006: 6998: 6992: 6991: 6979: 6973: 6972: 6964: 6948: 6940: 6934: 6933: 6927: 6926: 6918: 6906: 6894: 6882: 6871: 6865: 6835: 6830: 6807: 6768: 6735: 6730:Georgia Cozzini 6702: 6669: 6636: 6613: 6591: 6572:Barry Goldwater 6532: 6501: 6492:George Smathers 6457:Hubert Humphrey 6447:Michael DiSalle 6411:John F. Kennedy 6397: 6370: 6355: 6325: 6320: 6298: 6290: 6159: 6142: 6125: 6112:John B. Francis 6108: 6091: 6074: 6057: 6040: 6029: 5990:Elmer A. Benson 5976: 5943: 5934:Henry M. Teller 5874:Frank J. Cannon 5864: 5855: 5782: 5749: 5676: 5627:Reverdy Johnson 5617:Thomas H. Hicks 5567:John S. Carlile 5533: 5474:Salmon P. Chase 5450: 5431:Anthony Kennedy 5397: 5368:Robert Y. Hayne 5358:John C. Calhoun 5344: 5336: 5306: 5301: 5205: 5201: 5196: 5065: 5060: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5019: 5010: 5001: 4992: 4983: 4970: 4969: 4960: 4951: 4929: 4928: 4919: 4910: 4901: 4892: 4879: 4878: 4869: 4860: 4838: 4837: 4826: 4817: 4808: 4799: 4788: 4775: 4774: 4765: 4756: 4734: 4733: 4724: 4715: 4706: 4697: 4684: 4683: 4674: 4665: 4643: 4642: 4633: 4624: 4615: 4606: 4593: 4592: 4581: 4570: 4561: 4539: 4538: 4529: 4520: 4511: 4502: 4489: 4488: 4479: 4470: 4448: 4447: 4438: 4429: 4420: 4411: 4398: 4397: 4388: 4379: 4357: 4356: 4347: 4338: 4329: 4320: 4307: 4306: 4297: 4288: 4266: 4265: 4256: 4247: 4238: 4229: 4216: 4215: 4206: 4203: 4194: 4172: 4171: 4162: 4153: 4144: 4135: 4122: 4121: 4112: 4103: 4081: 4080: 4071: 4062: 4053: 4044: 4031: 4030: 4021: 4012: 3990: 3989: 3978: 3969: 3960: 3951: 3940: 3927: 3926: 3917: 3908: 3881: 3878: 3869: 3835: 3805: 3803: 3795: 3793:Rufus C. Holman 3778: 3767: 3760: 3745: 3735: 3711: 3704: 3689: 3679: 3664: 3657: 3642: 3640:Rufus C. Holman 3580:interviewed by 3567: 3556: 3551:Wayback Machine 3539:Wayback Machine 3511: 3487: 3456: 3454:Further reading 3446: 3423: 3404: 3385: 3340: 3335: 3334: 3325: 3323: 3314: 3313: 3309: 3296: 3295: 3291: 3278: 3277: 3273: 3264: 3260: 3230:Time-Life Books 3214: 3210: 3202: 3198: 3189: 3185: 3181:, July 21, 1974 3177: 3173: 3168: 3164: 3156: 3152: 3142: 3140: 3123: 3119: 3111: 3107: 3098: 3096: 3085: 3081: 3073: 3069: 3061: 3057: 3049: 3045: 3037: 3033: 3025: 3021: 3004: 3003: 2999: 2991: 2984: 2975: 2973: 2964: 2963: 2956: 2947: 2943: 2935: 2931: 2923: 2919: 2911: 2907: 2900: 2896: 2889: 2885: 2880:. May 12, 1961. 2872: 2871: 2867: 2859: 2852: 2843: 2842: 2838: 2825: 2824: 2820: 2811: 2810: 2806: 2793: 2792: 2788: 2783: 2779: 2774: 2770: 2765: 2761: 2756: 2752: 2744: 2740: 2735: 2731: 2723: 2719: 2711: 2707: 2699: 2695: 2690: 2686: 2681: 2677: 2668: 2661: 2652: 2645: 2636: 2632: 2623: 2619: 2611: 2607: 2599: 2595: 2587: 2583: 2575: 2571: 2563: 2559: 2551: 2547: 2539: 2535: 2527: 2523: 2515: 2511: 2498: 2497: 2493: 2485: 2481: 2473: 2469: 2446:10.2307/1007925 2430: 2421: 2413: 2409: 2402: 2383: 2379: 2344: 2340: 2331: 2330: 2326: 2319: 2309:Alfred A. Knopf 2299: 2295: 2256: 2252: 2243: 2242: 2238: 2226: 2219: 2210: 2206: 2197: 2193: 2185: 2176: 2168: 2164: 2151: 2150: 2146: 2141:. July 2, 1953. 2133: 2132: 2128: 2119: 2118: 2114: 2101: 2100: 2096: 2087: 2086: 2082: 2073: 2072: 2065: 2057: 2053: 2044: 2042: 2035: 2028: 2020: 2011: 1992: 1991: 1987: 1974: 1973: 1969: 1961: 1957: 1949: 1945: 1932: 1931: 1927: 1914: 1913: 1909: 1899: 1895: 1887: 1880: 1876:, p. 9–10. 1872: 1868: 1861: 1849:Labor Relations 1843: 1839: 1826: 1825: 1821: 1808: 1807: 1803: 1794: 1793: 1789: 1775: 1771: 1763: 1759: 1751: 1747: 1743:, pp. 7–8. 1739: 1735: 1727: 1720: 1712: 1705: 1696: 1694: 1693:on May 17, 2008 1685: 1684: 1677: 1668: 1666: 1657: 1656: 1652: 1643: 1641: 1636: 1635: 1610: 1593: 1584: 1576: 1567: 1558: 1556: 1546: 1542: 1527: 1523: 1518: 1506: 1501: 1495: 1477: 1467: 1436:Wayback Machine 1370:Eugene McCarthy 1343: 1293:George McGovern 1289:Sargent Shriver 1285:Thomas Eagleton 1264: 1173:Ernest Gruening 1149:Robert McNamara 1079: 1030:John F. Kennedy 1023:Hubert Humphrey 978: 958: 923: 917:External videos 905: 817:Foreign Affairs 801: 658:Labor Committee 654:Joseph McCarthy 622: 585:Wendell Willkie 557:Wendell Willkie 537:Rufus C. Holman 529: 524: 390: 349:; he became an 290: 226: 217: 189: 177: 173: 158: 153: 146:Political party 137: 133: 120: 114: 112: 111: 110: 84: 78:Rufus C. Holman 72: 66: 61: 52: 31: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7588: 7578: 7577: 7572: 7567: 7562: 7557: 7552: 7547: 7542: 7537: 7532: 7527: 7522: 7517: 7515:Oregon lawyers 7512: 7507: 7502: 7497: 7492: 7487: 7482: 7477: 7472: 7467: 7462: 7457: 7452: 7447: 7442: 7425: 7424: 7422: 7421: 7418:Jackson Browne 7413: 7410:Omar Barghouti 7401: 7394: 7382: 7379:Medea Benjamin 7374: 7366: 7358: 7355:Arik Ascherman 7346: 7339: 7332: 7325: 7318: 7311: 7304: 7292: 7284: 7276: 7269: 7261: 7259: 7255: 7254: 7252: 7251: 7244: 7237: 7225: 7224: 7223: 7216: 7201: 7193: 7185: 7177: 7169: 7161: 7153: 7145: 7138: 7130: 7122: 7115: 7103: 7096: 7088: 7085:Corliss Lamont 7080: 7071: 7069: 7065: 7064: 7062: 7061: 7058:Roland Bainton 7053: 7046:Peter Benenson 7041: 7034: 7026: 7018: 7011: 7004: 6996: 6989: 6986:Willard Uphaus 6977: 6970: 6967:Benjamin Spock 6962: 6946: 6938: 6931: 6924: 6916: 6904: 6892: 6879: 6877: 6873: 6872: 6864: 6863: 6856: 6849: 6841: 6832: 6831: 6829: 6828: 6823: 6816: 6813: 6812: 6809: 6808: 6806: 6805: 6800: 6795: 6790: 6785: 6779: 6777: 6770: 6769: 6767: 6766: 6759: 6756: 6749: 6745: 6743: 6737: 6736: 6734: 6733: 6726: 6723: 6716: 6712: 6710: 6704: 6703: 6701: 6700: 6697:E. Harold Munn 6693: 6690: 6683: 6679: 6677: 6671: 6670: 6668: 6667: 6660: 6657: 6650: 6646: 6644: 6638: 6637: 6635: 6634: 6627: 6623: 6621: 6615: 6614: 6597: 6596: 6593: 6592: 6590: 6589: 6584: 6582:James M. Lloyd 6579: 6574: 6569: 6565: 6564: 6556: 6555: 6554: 6540: 6538: 6534: 6533: 6531: 6530: 6525: 6519: 6513: 6507: 6506: 6503: 6502: 6500: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6452:Paul C. Fisher 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6430: 6429: 6421: 6420: 6419: 6405: 6403: 6399: 6398: 6396: 6395: 6390: 6384: 6378: 6372: 6371: 6354: 6353: 6346: 6339: 6331: 6322: 6321: 6319: 6318: 6313: 6308: 6295: 6292: 6291: 6289: 6288: 6278: 6271:Kyrsten Sinema 6268: 6261:Bernie Sanders 6258: 6248: 6238: 6228: 6218: 6208: 6198: 6188: 6178: 6167: 6165: 6161: 6160: 6158: 6157: 6140: 6123: 6106: 6089: 6072: 6055: 6037: 6035: 6031: 6030: 6028: 6027: 6017: 6010:Ernest Lundeen 6007: 6000:Magnus Johnson 5997: 5986: 5984: 5978: 5977: 5975: 5974: 5967:William Langer 5964: 5953: 5951: 5945: 5944: 5942: 5941: 5931: 5921: 5911: 5901: 5891: 5881: 5870: 5868: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5853: 5843: 5833: 5826:Henry Heitfeld 5823: 5813: 5803: 5792: 5790: 5784: 5783: 5781: 5780: 5770: 5763:William Mahone 5759: 5757: 5751: 5750: 5748: 5747: 5740:Lyman Trumbull 5737: 5730:Charles Sumner 5727: 5717: 5707: 5700:Orris S. 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Gratz Brown 5554: 5543: 5541: 5535: 5534: 5532: 5531: 5521: 5514:Charles Sumner 5511: 5501: 5491: 5481: 5471: 5460: 5458: 5452: 5451: 5449: 5448: 5438: 5428: 5418: 5407: 5405: 5399: 5398: 5396: 5395: 5385: 5375: 5365: 5354: 5352: 5346: 5345: 5335: 5334: 5327: 5320: 5312: 5303: 5302: 5300: 5299: 5294: 5289: 5284: 5279: 5274: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5254: 5249: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5213: 5211: 5207: 5206: 5199: 5197: 5195: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5169: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5094: 5089: 5084: 5079: 5073: 5071: 5067: 5066: 5059: 5058: 5051: 5044: 5036: 5027: 5026: 5022: 5021: 5018: 5017: 5008: 4999: 4990: 4980: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4967: 4958: 4948: 4941: 4939: 4931: 4930: 4927: 4926: 4917: 4908: 4899: 4889: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4876: 4867: 4857: 4850: 4848: 4840: 4839: 4836: 4835: 4824: 4815: 4806: 4797: 4785: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4772: 4763: 4753: 4746: 4744: 4736: 4735: 4732: 4731: 4722: 4713: 4704: 4694: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4681: 4672: 4662: 4655: 4653: 4645: 4644: 4641: 4640: 4631: 4622: 4613: 4603: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4590: 4579: 4568: 4558: 4551: 4549: 4541: 4540: 4537: 4536: 4527: 4518: 4509: 4499: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4486: 4477: 4467: 4460: 4458: 4450: 4449: 4446: 4445: 4436: 4427: 4418: 4408: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4395: 4386: 4376: 4369: 4367: 4359: 4358: 4355: 4354: 4345: 4336: 4327: 4317: 4310: 4308: 4305: 4304: 4295: 4285: 4278: 4276: 4268: 4267: 4264: 4263: 4254: 4245: 4236: 4226: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4213: 4201: 4191: 4184: 4182: 4174: 4173: 4170: 4169: 4160: 4151: 4142: 4132: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4119: 4110: 4100: 4093: 4091: 4083: 4082: 4079: 4078: 4069: 4060: 4051: 4041: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4028: 4019: 4009: 4002: 4000: 3992: 3991: 3988: 3987: 3976: 3967: 3958: 3949: 3937: 3930: 3928: 3925: 3924: 3915: 3905: 3898: 3896: 3886: 3883: 3882: 3868: 3867: 3860: 3853: 3845: 3837: 3836: 3831: 3828: 3796: 3791: 3787: 3786: 3780: 3779: 3774: 3771: 3746: 3741: 3737: 3736: 3731: 3728: 3690: 3685: 3681: 3680: 3675: 3672: 3643: 3638: 3634: 3633: 3627: 3626: 3617: 3608: 3598: 3589: 3575: 3564: 3553: 3541: 3529: 3524: 3519: 3508: 3503: 3498: 3493: 3486: 3485:External links 3483: 3482: 3481: 3479:. P.J. Kenedy. 3470: 3455: 3452: 3451: 3450: 3444: 3427: 3421: 3408: 3402: 3389: 3383: 3370: 3339: 3336: 3333: 3332: 3307: 3289: 3271: 3258: 3208: 3196: 3183: 3171: 3162: 3160:, May 28, 1974 3150: 3117: 3115:, May 19, 1974 3105: 3079: 3067: 3055: 3053:, p. 419. 3043: 3031: 3029:, p. 414. 3019: 2997: 2982: 2954: 2941: 2939:, p. 361. 2929: 2927:, p. 375. 2917: 2905: 2894: 2883: 2865: 2850: 2836: 2818: 2804: 2786: 2777: 2768: 2759: 2750: 2738: 2729: 2727:, p. 328. 2717: 2715:, p. 339. 2705: 2693: 2684: 2675: 2659: 2643: 2630: 2617: 2605: 2603:, p. 285. 2593: 2591:, p. 289. 2581: 2579:, p. 271. 2569: 2567:, p. 264. 2557: 2555:, p. 261. 2545: 2543:, p. 260. 2533: 2521: 2509: 2504:New York Times 2491: 2479: 2477:, p. 182. 2467: 2440:(2): 193–218. 2419: 2417:, p. 316. 2407: 2400: 2386:Robert A. Caro 2377: 2364:10.2307/446088 2338: 2324: 2317: 2293: 2250: 2247:. 6 July 2015. 2236: 2228:New York Times 2217: 2204: 2191: 2174: 2162: 2144: 2126: 2112: 2094: 2091:. 30 May 2014. 2080: 2077:. 29 May 2014. 2063: 2051: 2026: 2009: 2006:on 2014-03-09. 1985: 1967: 1955: 1943: 1925: 1907: 1893: 1878: 1866: 1859: 1837: 1819: 1801: 1787: 1769: 1757: 1755:, p. 8–9. 1745: 1733: 1731:, p. 374. 1718: 1703: 1675: 1650: 1608: 1582: 1565: 1540: 1520: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1513: 1512: 1505: 1502: 1497:Main article: 1494: 1491: 1490: 1489: 1474: 1466: 1463: 1382:Richard Eymann 1342: 1339: 1320:kidney failure 1263: 1260: 1233:Maxwell Taylor 1221:Benjamin Spock 1117:John A. McCone 1083:James Eastland 1078: 1075: 1019:D.C. home rule 997:was clear the 985:Congresswoman 974:Main article: 957: 954: 939: 938: 932:, June 5, 1997 919: 918: 904: 901: 800: 797: 793:Lyndon Johnson 709:Strom Thurmond 693:Robert A. Taft 666:Herbert Lehman 643:In protest of 621: 618: 561:Robert A. Taft 528: 525: 523: 520: 478:Pi Kappa Alpha 468:commission as 389: 386: 299: 298: 295: 294: 285: 281: 280: 275: 271: 270: 267: 263: 262: 257: 256:Branch/service 253: 252: 249: 245: 244: 240: 239: 203: 199: 198: 195: 191: 190: 175: 171: 170: 168: 164: 163: 147: 143: 142: 136:(aged 73) 130: 126: 125: 108: 106: 102: 101: 97: 96: 93: 92: 87: 81: 80: 75: 69: 68: 58: 57: 46: 45: 42: 41: 33: 32: 29: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7587: 7576: 7573: 7571: 7568: 7566: 7563: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7538: 7536: 7533: 7531: 7528: 7526: 7523: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7498: 7496: 7493: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7483: 7481: 7478: 7476: 7473: 7471: 7468: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7437: 7435: 7419: 7414: 7411: 7407: 7402: 7395: 7392: 7388: 7383: 7380: 7375: 7372: 7371:Bill McKibben 7367: 7364: 7359: 7356: 7352: 7347: 7340: 7333: 7326: 7319: 7312: 7305: 7302: 7298: 7293: 7290: 7285: 7282: 7277: 7270: 7263: 7262: 7260: 7256: 7245: 7238: 7235: 7234:Alice Frazier 7231: 7226: 7221: 7217: 7214: 7210: 7209: 7207: 7202: 7199: 7194: 7191: 7190:Roy Bourgeois 7186: 7183: 7182:Lucius Walker 7178: 7175: 7170: 7167: 7162: 7159: 7154: 7151: 7146: 7139: 7136: 7131: 7128: 7123: 7116: 7113: 7109: 7104: 7097: 7094: 7089: 7086: 7081: 7078: 7073: 7072: 7070: 7066: 7059: 7054: 7051: 7050:Martin Ennals 7047: 7042: 7035: 7032: 7027: 7024: 7019: 7012: 7005: 7002: 6997: 6990: 6987: 6983: 6978: 6971: 6968: 6963: 6960: 6956: 6952: 6951:Norman Thomas 6947: 6944: 6939: 6932: 6925: 6922: 6917: 6914: 6913:James Warburg 6910: 6909:Linus Pauling 6905: 6902: 6898: 6893: 6890: 6886: 6881: 6880: 6878: 6874: 6869: 6862: 6857: 6855: 6850: 6848: 6843: 6842: 6839: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6818: 6817: 6814: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6783:Harry F. Byrd 6781: 6780: 6778: 6775: 6771: 6765: 6764: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6754: 6753:Farrell Dobbs 6750: 6747: 6746: 6744: 6742: 6738: 6732: 6731: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6721: 6717: 6714: 6713: 6711: 6709: 6705: 6699: 6698: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6688: 6684: 6681: 6680: 6678: 6676: 6672: 6666: 6665: 6661: 6658: 6656: 6655: 6651: 6648: 6647: 6645: 6643: 6639: 6633: 6632: 6628: 6625: 6624: 6622: 6620: 6616: 6611: 6607: 6602: 6598: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6567: 6566: 6563: 6562: 6557: 6553: 6550: 6549: 6548: 6547: 6546:Richard Nixon 6542: 6541: 6539: 6535: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6521: 6520: 6517: 6514: 6512: 6508: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6432: 6431: 6428: 6427: 6422: 6418: 6415: 6414: 6413: 6412: 6407: 6406: 6404: 6400: 6394: 6391: 6389: 6386: 6385: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6373: 6368: 6364: 6360: 6352: 6347: 6345: 6340: 6338: 6333: 6332: 6329: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6296: 6293: 6286: 6282: 6279: 6276: 6272: 6269: 6266: 6262: 6259: 6256: 6252: 6249: 6246: 6242: 6239: 6236: 6232: 6229: 6226: 6222: 6221:Joe Lieberman 6219: 6216: 6212: 6209: 6206: 6202: 6199: 6196: 6192: 6189: 6186: 6182: 6179: 6176: 6172: 6169: 6168: 6166: 6162: 6155: 6151: 6147: 6141: 6138: 6134: 6130: 6124: 6121: 6117: 6116:Law and Order 6113: 6107: 6104: 6100: 6096: 6095:Joseph Cilley 6090: 6087: 6083: 6079: 6073: 6070: 6066: 6065:Anti-Monopoly 6062: 6056: 6053: 6049: 6045: 6039: 6038: 6036: 6032: 6025: 6021: 6018: 6015: 6011: 6008: 6005: 6001: 5998: 5995: 5991: 5988: 5987: 5985: 5983: 5979: 5972: 5968: 5965: 5962: 5958: 5955: 5954: 5952: 5950: 5946: 5939: 5935: 5932: 5929: 5925: 5922: 5919: 5915: 5912: 5909: 5905: 5902: 5899: 5895: 5894:John P. Jones 5892: 5889: 5885: 5882: 5879: 5875: 5872: 5871: 5869: 5867: 5862: 5858: 5851: 5847: 5844: 5841: 5837: 5836:James H. Kyle 5834: 5831: 5827: 5824: 5821: 5817: 5814: 5811: 5807: 5806:Marion Butler 5804: 5801: 5797: 5794: 5793: 5791: 5789: 5785: 5778: 5774: 5771: 5768: 5764: 5761: 5760: 5758: 5756: 5752: 5745: 5741: 5738: 5735: 5731: 5728: 5725: 5721: 5718: 5715: 5711: 5708: 5705: 5701: 5698: 5695: 5691: 5690:Reuben Fenton 5688: 5687: 5685: 5683: 5679: 5672: 5668: 5667:Robert Wilson 5665: 5662: 5658: 5655: 5652: 5648: 5645: 5642: 5638: 5635: 5632: 5628: 5625: 5622: 5618: 5615: 5612: 5608: 5605: 5602: 5598: 5595: 5592: 5588: 5587:Garrett Davis 5585: 5582: 5578: 5577:John Creswell 5575: 5572: 5568: 5565: 5562: 5558: 5555: 5552: 5548: 5545: 5544: 5542: 5540: 5536: 5529: 5525: 5522: 5519: 5515: 5512: 5509: 5505: 5502: 5499: 5495: 5492: 5489: 5485: 5482: 5479: 5475: 5472: 5469: 5465: 5462: 5461: 5459: 5457: 5453: 5446: 5442: 5439: 5436: 5432: 5429: 5426: 5422: 5419: 5416: 5412: 5409: 5408: 5406: 5404: 5400: 5393: 5389: 5386: 5383: 5379: 5376: 5373: 5369: 5366: 5363: 5359: 5356: 5355: 5353: 5351: 5347: 5343: 5340: 5333: 5328: 5326: 5321: 5319: 5314: 5313: 5310: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5268: 5265: 5263: 5260: 5258: 5255: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5245: 5243: 5240: 5238: 5235: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5208: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5085: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5074: 5072: 5068: 5064: 5057: 5052: 5050: 5045: 5043: 5038: 5037: 5034: 5015: 5014:J. Dellenback 5009: 5006: 5000: 4997: 4991: 4988: 4982: 4981: 4979: 4977: 4972: 4965: 4959: 4956: 4950: 4949: 4947: 4945: 4940: 4938: 4937: 4933: 4932: 4924: 4918: 4915: 4909: 4906: 4900: 4897: 4891: 4890: 4888: 4886: 4881: 4874: 4868: 4865: 4859: 4858: 4856: 4854: 4849: 4847: 4846: 4842: 4841: 4833: 4832: 4825: 4822: 4816: 4813: 4807: 4804: 4798: 4795: 4794: 4793:A. W. Norblad 4787: 4786: 4784: 4782: 4777: 4770: 4764: 4761: 4755: 4754: 4752: 4750: 4745: 4743: 4742: 4738: 4737: 4729: 4723: 4720: 4714: 4711: 4705: 4702: 4701:A. W. Norblad 4696: 4695: 4693: 4691: 4686: 4679: 4673: 4670: 4664: 4663: 4661: 4659: 4654: 4652: 4651: 4647: 4646: 4638: 4632: 4629: 4623: 4620: 4614: 4611: 4610:A. W. Norblad 4605: 4604: 4602: 4600: 4595: 4588: 4587: 4580: 4577: 4576: 4569: 4566: 4560: 4559: 4557: 4555: 4550: 4548: 4547: 4543: 4542: 4534: 4528: 4525: 4519: 4516: 4510: 4507: 4506:A. W. 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Norblad 3977: 3974: 3968: 3965: 3959: 3956: 3950: 3947: 3946: 3939: 3938: 3936: 3934: 3929: 3922: 3916: 3913: 3907: 3906: 3904: 3902: 3897: 3895: 3894: 3890: 3889: 3884: 3877: 3873: 3866: 3861: 3859: 3854: 3852: 3847: 3846: 3843: 3834: 3827: 3826: 3825:Mark Hatfield 3822: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3802: 3801: 3794: 3788: 3785: 3781: 3777: 3770: 3766: 3764: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3744: 3738: 3734: 3733:Betty Roberts 3726: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3710: 3708: 3703: 3699: 3695: 3688: 3682: 3678: 3677:Douglas McKay 3671: 3667: 3663: 3661: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3641: 3635: 3630: 3625: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3597: 3593: 3590: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3570: 3565: 3563: 3559: 3554: 3552: 3548: 3545: 3542: 3540: 3536: 3533: 3530: 3528: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3514: 3509: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3488: 3478: 3477: 3471: 3466: 3465: 3458: 3457: 3447: 3441: 3436: 3435: 3428: 3424: 3422:0-7432-1231-2 3418: 3414: 3409: 3405: 3399: 3395: 3390: 3386: 3384:9780875952635 3380: 3376: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3342: 3341: 3322:on 2008-05-26 3321: 3317: 3311: 3303: 3299: 3293: 3285: 3281: 3275: 3268: 3262: 3255: 3253: 3249: 3248:Hiram Johnson 3243: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3222: 3221: 3212: 3205: 3200: 3194:July 23, 1974 3193: 3187: 3180: 3175: 3166: 3159: 3154: 3138: 3134: 3133: 3128: 3121: 3114: 3109: 3094: 3090: 3083: 3076: 3071: 3064: 3059: 3052: 3051:Langguth 2000 3047: 3040: 3039:Langguth 2000 3035: 3028: 3023: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3001: 2995:, p. 25. 2994: 2989: 2987: 2972:on 2008-08-27 2971: 2967: 2961: 2959: 2951: 2945: 2938: 2933: 2926: 2921: 2915:, p. 22. 2914: 2909: 2903: 2898: 2892: 2887: 2879: 2875: 2869: 2863:, p. 18. 2862: 2857: 2855: 2846: 2840: 2832: 2828: 2822: 2814: 2808: 2800: 2796: 2790: 2781: 2772: 2763: 2754: 2747: 2742: 2733: 2726: 2721: 2714: 2709: 2702: 2697: 2688: 2679: 2672: 2671:The Oregonian 2666: 2664: 2656: 2655:The Oregonian 2650: 2648: 2640: 2639:The Oregonian 2634: 2627: 2621: 2614: 2609: 2602: 2597: 2590: 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Eagle 1829: 1823: 1815: 1811: 1805: 1797: 1791: 1783: 1779: 1773: 1766: 1761: 1754: 1749: 1742: 1737: 1730: 1725: 1723: 1715: 1710: 1708: 1692: 1688: 1682: 1680: 1665:on 2013-09-21 1664: 1660: 1654: 1639: 1633: 1631: 1629: 1627: 1625: 1623: 1621: 1619: 1617: 1615: 1613: 1604: 1603: 1598: 1591: 1589: 1587: 1579: 1574: 1572: 1570: 1555: 1551: 1544: 1536: 1532: 1525: 1521: 1511: 1508: 1507: 1500: 1487: 1483: 1481: 1480:War Made Easy 1475: 1472: 1469: 1468: 1462: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1443: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1415:In 2006, the 1413: 1410: 1405: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1378:Mark Hatfield 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1358: 1356: 1347: 1338: 1336: 1335:Betty Roberts 1332: 1327: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1312: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1296: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1281: 1278: 1268: 1259: 1257: 1254: 1250: 1249:Robert Duncan 1246: 1245:Mark Hatfield 1242: 1237: 1234: 1228: 1226: 1222: 1217: 1209: 1205: 1200: 1196: 1194: 1188: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1165: 1163: 1162:William Bundy 1157: 1154: 1150: 1145: 1142: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1127: 1121: 1118: 1113: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1098: 1094: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1074: 1072: 1067: 1065: 1064:Mark Hatfield 1060: 1056: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1026: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1010: 1006: 1004: 1000: 994: 992: 988: 983: 982:state capitol 977: 969: 968: 967:The Oregonian 962: 953: 951: 945: 937: 933: 931: 920: 915: 912: 910: 900: 898: 893: 890: 886: 882: 878: 873: 871: 866: 863: 858: 856: 851: 850:Douglas McKay 847: 843: 838: 834: 832: 831: 827:In his book, 825: 822: 818: 814: 810: 806: 796: 794: 789: 788: 786: 781: 777: 773: 768: 764: 763:Linus Pauling 760: 756: 752: 748: 746: 742: 737: 735: 731: 726: 722: 718: 714: 710: 706: 702: 697: 694: 690: 686: 682: 677: 675: 669: 667: 663: 659: 655: 650: 649:Richard Nixon 646: 641: 637: 635: 631: 627: 617: 614: 609: 606: 601: 597: 593: 589: 586: 580: 578: 572: 569: 564: 562: 558: 553: 549: 544: 542: 538: 534: 519: 516: 512: 508: 504: 500: 492: 488: 484: 482: 479: 475: 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Ellsworth 3944: 3931: 3920: 3899: 3891: 3833:Bob Packwood 3817:Hall S. Lusk 3807: 3798: 3754:U.S. Senator 3752:nominee for 3748: 3698:U.S. Senator 3696:nominee for 3692: 3651:U.S. Senator 3649:nominee for 3645: 3615:Find a Grave 3600:A film clip 3588:May 26, 1957 3585: 3582:Mike Wallace 3475: 3463: 3433: 3412: 3393: 3374: 3349: 3345: 3324:. Retrieved 3320:the original 3310: 3301: 3292: 3283: 3274: 3266: 3261: 3245: 3219: 3211: 3203: 3199: 3191: 3186: 3178: 3174: 3165: 3157: 3153: 3141:. Retrieved 3137:the original 3130: 3120: 3112: 3108: 3097:. Retrieved 3092: 3082: 3075:Drukman 1997 3070: 3058: 3046: 3034: 3027:Drukman 1997 3022: 3014:the original 3009: 3000: 2993:Ceplair 2012 2974:. 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Stockman 3784:U.S. Senate 3776:Vernon Cook 3727:(deceased) 3620:Appearances 3611:Wayne Morse 3592:Wayne Morse 3578:Wayne Morse 3394:The Kingdom 3338:Works cited 3265:"Obituary", 3190:Editorial, 3143:January 29, 3063:Myers, Clay 2937:Karnow 1983 2925:Karnow 1983 2107:Times Daily 1729:Karnow 1983 1402:Edith Green 1372:, Governor 1177:Vietnam War 1135:wanted to. 1087:Thomas Dodd 1059:Ted Kennedy 987:Edith Green 805:independent 767:Nobel Prize 634:McCarthyism 552:progressive 427:U.S. Senate 419:progressive 351:Independent 343:U.S. Senate 316:Vietnam War 162:(1955–1974) 157:(1952–1955) 155:Independent 73:Preceded by 30:Wayne Morse 7434:Categories 6758:VP nominee 6725:VP nominee 6692:VP nominee 6659:VP nominee 6612:candidates 6537:Candidates 6523:Convention 6402:Candidates 6388:Convention 6211:Angus King 5904:Lee Mantle 5755:Readjuster 3809:Guy Cordon 3750:Democratic 3694:Democratic 3647:Republican 3445:0140265473 3403:0151472602 3326:2008-11-12 3232:. p. 3099:2008-11-26 2976:2008-11-26 2415:Lacey 1981 2045:2008-11-10 1697:2008-11-12 1669:2008-11-15 1644:2008-11-11 1559:2019-11-10 1516:References 1478:Clip from 1394:Jim Weaver 1390:Les AuCoin 1376:, Senator 1374:Tom McCall 1171:(Alaska's 701:filibuster 683:nominated 533:Republican 481:fraternity 404:for beef, 359:filibuster 347:Republican 248:Allegiance 160:Democratic 150:Republican 115:1900-10-20 7258:2000–2019 7068:1980–1999 6876:1960–1979 6870:laureates 6720:Eric Hass 6544:Nominee: 6528:Primaries 6442:Pat Brown 6409:Nominee: 6393:Primaries 6281:Bob Smith 5456:Free Soil 5411:John Bell 5350:Nullifier 5262:Stanfield 5016: (R) 5007: (R) 4998: (D) 4996:A. 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Cordon 3366:159928460 2462:145616519 2288:153886030 1554:ThoughtCo 1409:Ron Wyden 1386:Al Ullman 1305:Jason Boe 1277:incumbent 1102:Dean Rusk 952:in 1960. 759:Communism 493:in Eugene 474:U.S. Army 448:from the 406:Percheron 337:. During 269:1923–1929 202:Education 63:In office 7112:Kay Camp 6793:Lar Daly 6552:campaign 6417:campaign 5788:Populist 5292:Packwood 5242:Mitchell 5232:Mitchell 5187:G. Smith 5182:Hatfield 5122:Mitchell 5097:Williams 5077:D. Smith 5005:W. Wyatt 4987:E. Green 4955:W. Morse 4923:W. Wyatt 4896:E. Green 4864:W. Morse 4831:W. Wyatt 4803:E. Green 4760:W. Morse 4728:E. Durno 4710:E. Green 4669:W. Morse 4619:E. Green 4565:W. Morse 4515:E. Green 4474:W. Morse 4442:E. Green 4383:W. Morse 4301:W. Morse 4210:W. Morse 4116:W. Morse 4025:W. Morse 3921:W. 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