Knowledge

Washington (1837)

Source đź“ť

65: 52: 58: 612: 28: 252: 1780: 1775: 799: 775: 298:
was built for the U.S. Revenue-Marine under the supervision of Captain H. D. Hunter, U.S. Revenue-Marine. She apparently was built quickly, as orders were issued on 11 November 1837 for the ship to conduct "winter cruising" off the
458:
on 16 June 1847 and contributed six officers and 30 men to a force under the command of Captain S. L. Breese that formed part of the 1,173-man landing force that attacked and captured the Mexican stronghold at
424:
in 1846, she was dismasted in a severe gale. Battered and worn but still afloat, she limped into port. She had lost 11 men overboard in the storm, including her commanding officer, Lieutenant George M. Bache.
803: 1852: 1812: 420:), on 23 April 1840. For the next 12 years, she operated under the aegis of the U.S. Navy off the U.S. East Coast on surveying and sounding duties. While stationed in the 1807: 1817: 507: 417: 1832: 1837: 750: 479: 785: 1802: 1842: 835: 311:. She sailed on 18 December 1837 on her first cruise. In ensuing years, she cruised that stretch of sea in the winters and conducted 275: 726: 413: 320: 279: 693: 762: 669: 635: 470:
underwent extensive repairs at New York which lasted into the early winter. Alterations were completed on 9 December 1852.
444: 227: 283: 536: 474:
remained in the New York area, where she operated locally for the next six years. In the second week of January 1854,
681: 645: 402:
and his crew, saving the two passengers to navigate the ship back to Africa. During the next two months, in which
828: 676:, see: Howard I. Chapelle, "The history of the American sailing navy", Norton / Bonanza Books New York 1949, 568: 142: 1363: 1472: 871: 1783: 1779: 1774: 1770: 844: 564: 543:, soon afterwards. She apparently remained there into 1861. She was slated to be relieved, in turn, by 1827: 1735: 1640: 1407: 807: 640: 617: 437: 51: 1554: 1370: 1356: 1330: 861: 821: 455: 429: 300: 271: 89: 1847: 1757: 1384: 483: 1349: 930: 597: 378:, sent an armed party to board the craft. The men found the suspicious ship to be the schooner 343: 1745: 1629: 1503: 1444: 1283: 1276: 1180: 1172: 1049: 910: 813: 1672: 1521: 1140: 1097: 1020: 731:
U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office
491: 8: 1822: 1449: 1211: 1042: 790: 594: 447: 1704: 1694: 1661: 1650: 1532: 1342: 1158: 1151: 887: 673: 572: 548: 375: 367: 231: 1714: 1683: 1492: 1377: 1297: 1185: 1130: 995: 937: 880: 758: 677: 499: 371: 701: 1725: 1607: 1574: 1514: 1432: 1421: 1031: 590: 460: 440: 355: 1460: 1196: 1119: 1083: 1060: 394:
two months or so before, carrying two white passengers and 54 slaves, bound for
1543: 1414: 1290: 1265: 988: 630: 559:, Louisiana, where she was taken over by Louisiana authorities soon after that 521: 421: 312: 308: 223: 17: 1796: 1319: 1233: 1071: 781: 347: 304: 267: 27: 571:. Little is known of the ship thereafter. In June 1861, U.S. Navy Commodore 1481: 1396: 1308: 1165: 977: 319:
operations off the coast in the summers of 1838 and 1839 in support of the
1596: 1251: 1222: 1203: 1108: 1009: 948: 898: 576: 556: 525: 487: 478:, and five other revenue cutters sailed almost simultaneously from their 399: 351: 251: 1258: 966: 625: 560: 236: 1585: 1563: 1240: 1002: 955: 583: 540: 412:
was transferred to the United States Coast Survey (later renamed the
332: 316: 589:
at the docks in New Orleans to prevent her capture by the U.S. Navy
919: 503: 495: 336: 324: 241: 196: 395: 391: 383: 363: 245: 398:, Cuba. Four days out of port, the slaves rose and killed the 843: 506:, to New York City, in a search for the foundering steamer 387: 328: 270:
of that name to serve in the U.S. Navy and was named after
200: 278:, as chief clerk to the 6th Auditor, as First Assistant 1853:
American Civil War shipwrecks in the Mississippi River
294:
Authorized on 6 July 1837 and named on 1 August 1837,
240:
after the slaves on board had seized control of that
607: 524:
in the spring of 1859 to relieve the revenue cutter
466:
Returned to the Treasury Department on 18 May 1852,
1808:Ships of the United States Revenue Cutter Service 698:National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration 406:had drifted at sea, nine of the slaves had died. 342:While sounding for the U.S. Coast Survey between 1794: 1813:Mexican–American War ships of the United States 418:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 829: 579:at New Orleans and was almost ready for sea. 211:10 guns (pre-1860); 1 Ă— 42-pound pivot (1860) 786:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships 1818:Ships of the Confederate States of America 836: 822: 845:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1862 600:, which arrived at New Orleans that day. 513:. Unfortunately, none of the ships found 362:sighted a "suspicious-looking vessel" at 780:This article incorporates text from the 755:, Louisiana State University Press, 2008 721: 719: 276:United States Department of the Treasury 250: 234:. She discovered, boarded, and captured 16:For other ships with the same name, see 414:United States Coast and Geodetic Survey 280:Postmaster General of the United States 1795: 817: 716: 582:On 25 April 1862, Confederate forces 390:. She had set sail from the coast of 49: 1833:Shipwrecks of the American Civil War 753:Encyclopedia of Civil War Shipwrecks 694:"NOAA History - Peter G. Washington" 636:United States Revenue Cutter Service 1838:Shipwrecks of the Mississippi River 284:Assistant Secretary of the Treasury 274:, who had served as a clerk in the 171:91 ft 2 in (27.79 m) 13: 806:from websites or documents of the 416:, one of the ancestors of today's 331:during that period, apparently at 289: 179:21 ft 2 in (6.45 m) 14: 1864: 1803:Cutters of the United States Navy 1843:Maritime incidents in April 1862 1778: 1773: 802: This article incorporates 797: 773: 646:List of United States Navy ships 610: 443:'s forces. Under the command of 63: 56: 50: 26: 567:on 31 January 1861 to join the 744: 686: 658: 1: 789:. The entry can be found 651: 569:Confederate States of America 143:Confederate States of America 670:United States Revenue-Marine 575:reported that she was being 228:United States Revenue-Marine 7: 603: 10: 1869: 547:, but the outbreak of the 321:United States Coast Survey 15: 1768: 1620: 1573:November (unknown date): 851: 808:United States Coast Guard 641:United States Coast Guard 618:American Civil War portal 154: 44: 25: 1639:January (unknown date): 1366:General M. Jeff Thompson 456:Second Battle of Tabasco 327:, she was rerigged as a 301:United States East Coast 155:General characteristics 1373:General Sterling Price 1250:April (unknown date): 1081:March (unknown date): 804:public domain material 700:. 2013. Archived from 664:Between 1838 and 1848 598:David Glasgow Farragut 535:apparently arrived at 260: 148:Scuttled 25 April 1862 1410:General Earl Van Dorn 668:transferred from the 551:in April 1861 caught 358:, on 26 August 1839, 254: 1555:G. L. Brockenborough 1329:May (unknown date): 445:Lieutenant Commander 430:Mexican–American War 123:before November 1837 448:Samuel Phillips Lee 323:. Constructed as a 272:Peter G. Washington 226:that served in the 90:Peter G. Washington 1352:General Beauregard 751:Gaines, W. Craig, 727:"Washington, 1837" 704:on 15 January 2009 674:United States Navy 573:David Dixon Porter 549:American Civil War 374:Thomas R. Gedney, 368:commanding officer 261: 232:United States Navy 1790: 1789: 1473:Lord of the Isles 1175:Stonewall Jackson 763:978-0-8071-3274-6 563:seceded from the 545:Robert McClelland 528:Robert McClelland 454:took part in the 215: 214: 199:; re-rigged as a 1860: 1828:Scuttled vessels 1782: 1777: 1761: 1751: 1740: 1730: 1720: 1709: 1699: 1689: 1678: 1667: 1656: 1645: 1635: 1613: 1602: 1591: 1580: 1569: 1558: 1548: 1538: 1527: 1524:Isaac N. Seymour 1509: 1498: 1487: 1476: 1466: 1455: 1438: 1427: 1402: 1391: 1390: 1336: 1325: 1314: 1303: 1271: 1246: 1228: 1191: 1146: 1143:Maria J. Carlton 1135: 1125: 1114: 1103: 1092: 1077: 1066: 1055: 1037: 1026: 1023:Isaac N. Seymour 1015: 983: 972: 961: 943: 925: 914: 904: 893: 875: 865: 838: 831: 824: 815: 814: 801: 800: 777: 776: 766: 748: 742: 741: 739: 737: 723: 714: 713: 711: 709: 690: 684: 662: 620: 615: 614: 613: 441:Matthew C. Perry 344:Gardiner's Point 71: 68: 67: 66: 61: 60: 59: 54: 30: 23: 22: 1868: 1867: 1863: 1862: 1861: 1859: 1858: 1857: 1793: 1792: 1791: 1786: 1764: 1754: 1743: 1737:Admiral Moorsom 1733: 1723: 1712: 1702: 1692: 1681: 1670: 1659: 1648: 1638: 1627: 1621:Other incidents 1616: 1605: 1594: 1583: 1572: 1561: 1551: 1541: 1530: 1512: 1501: 1490: 1479: 1469: 1458: 1452:Sidney C. Jones 1441: 1430: 1405: 1394: 1341: 1339: 1328: 1317: 1306: 1274: 1249: 1231: 1194: 1149: 1138: 1128: 1117: 1106: 1095: 1080: 1069: 1058: 1040: 1029: 1018: 986: 975: 964: 946: 928: 917: 907: 896: 878: 868: 858: 847: 842: 798: 774: 770: 769: 749: 745: 735: 733: 725: 724: 717: 707: 705: 692: 691: 687: 663: 659: 654: 616: 611: 609: 606: 520:Ordered to the 482:, ranging from 432:began in 1846, 292: 290:Service history 266:was the second 131:after June 1861 69: 64: 62: 57: 55: 40: 21: 12: 11: 5: 1866: 1856: 1855: 1850: 1848:Captured ships 1845: 1840: 1835: 1830: 1825: 1820: 1815: 1810: 1805: 1788: 1787: 1769: 1766: 1765: 1763: 1762: 1755:Unknown date: 1752: 1741: 1731: 1721: 1710: 1700: 1690: 1679: 1668: 1657: 1646: 1636: 1624: 1622: 1618: 1617: 1615: 1614: 1606:Unknown date: 1603: 1592: 1581: 1570: 1559: 1549: 1539: 1528: 1510: 1499: 1488: 1477: 1467: 1456: 1445:Johanna Wagner 1439: 1428: 1403: 1392: 1380:General Sumter 1345:Colonel Lovell 1337: 1326: 1315: 1304: 1272: 1247: 1229: 1192: 1161:Governor Moore 1154:General Lovell 1147: 1136: 1126: 1115: 1104: 1093: 1078: 1067: 1056: 1038: 1027: 1016: 984: 973: 962: 944: 926: 915: 905: 901:Margaret Scott 894: 876: 866: 862:Northern Light 855: 853: 849: 848: 841: 840: 833: 826: 818: 812: 811: 795: 768: 767: 743: 715: 685: 666:Washington was 656: 655: 653: 650: 649: 648: 643: 638: 633: 631:Union Blockade 628: 622: 621: 605: 602: 537:Southwest Pass 522:Gulf of Mexico 422:Chesapeake Bay 382:, of and from 313:depth sounding 309:Virginia Capes 291: 288: 224:revenue cutter 213: 212: 209: 205: 204: 193: 189: 188: 185: 181: 180: 177: 173: 172: 169: 165: 164: 161: 157: 156: 152: 151: 150: 149: 146: 137: 133: 132: 129: 128:Decommissioned 125: 124: 121: 117: 116: 113: 109: 108: 105: 101: 100: 97: 93: 92: 87: 83: 82: 77: 73: 72: 47: 46: 42: 41: 31: 18:USS Washington 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1865: 1854: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1844: 1841: 1839: 1836: 1834: 1831: 1829: 1826: 1824: 1821: 1819: 1816: 1814: 1811: 1809: 1806: 1804: 1801: 1800: 1798: 1785: 1781: 1776: 1772: 1767: 1760: 1759: 1758:Young America 1753: 1750: 1749: 1742: 1739: 1738: 1732: 1729: 1728: 1727:Great Eastern 1722: 1719: 1718: 1711: 1708: 1707: 1701: 1698: 1697: 1691: 1688: 1687: 1680: 1677: 1676: 1669: 1666: 1665: 1658: 1655: 1654: 1647: 1644: 1643: 1637: 1634: 1633: 1626: 1625: 1623: 1619: 1612: 1611: 1604: 1601: 1600: 1593: 1590: 1589: 1582: 1579: 1578: 1571: 1568: 1567: 1560: 1557: 1556: 1550: 1547: 1546: 1540: 1537: 1536: 1529: 1526: 1525: 1519: 1518: 1511: 1508: 1507: 1500: 1497: 1496: 1489: 1486: 1485: 1478: 1475: 1474: 1468: 1465: 1464: 1457: 1454: 1453: 1447: 1446: 1440: 1437: 1436: 1429: 1426: 1425: 1419: 1418: 1412: 1411: 1404: 1401: 1400: 1393: 1389: 1388: 1382: 1381: 1375: 1374: 1368: 1367: 1361: 1360: 1359:General Bragg 1354: 1353: 1347: 1346: 1338: 1335: 1334: 1333:United States 1327: 1324: 1323: 1316: 1313: 1312: 1305: 1302: 1301: 1295: 1294: 1288: 1287: 1281: 1280: 1273: 1270: 1269: 1263: 1262: 1256: 1255: 1248: 1245: 1244: 1238: 1237: 1230: 1227: 1226: 1220: 1219: 1214: 1213: 1208: 1207: 1201: 1200: 1193: 1190: 1189: 1183: 1182: 1177: 1176: 1170: 1169: 1163: 1162: 1156: 1155: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1137: 1134: 1133: 1127: 1124: 1123: 1116: 1113: 1112: 1105: 1102: 1101: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1085: 1079: 1076: 1075: 1068: 1065: 1064: 1057: 1054: 1053: 1047: 1046: 1039: 1036: 1035: 1028: 1025: 1024: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1007: 1006: 1000: 999: 998:Black Warrior 993: 992: 985: 982: 981: 974: 971: 970: 963: 960: 959: 953: 952: 945: 942: 941: 940:Stephen Young 935: 934: 927: 924: 923: 916: 913: 912: 906: 903: 902: 895: 892: 891: 885: 884: 877: 874: 873: 867: 864: 863: 857: 856: 854: 850: 846: 839: 834: 832: 827: 825: 820: 819: 816: 809: 805: 796: 794: 792: 787: 784: 783: 782:public domain 772: 771: 764: 760: 756: 754: 747: 732: 728: 722: 720: 703: 699: 695: 689: 683: 682:0-517-00487-9 679: 675: 671: 667: 661: 657: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 623: 619: 608: 601: 599: 596: 592: 588: 585: 580: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 550: 546: 542: 538: 534: 530: 529: 523: 518: 516: 515:San Francisco 512: 511: 510:San Francisco 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 464: 462: 457: 453: 449: 446: 442: 439: 435: 431: 426: 423: 419: 415: 411: 407: 405: 401: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 349: 348:Montauk Point 345: 340: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 305:New York City 302: 297: 287: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 258: 253: 249: 247: 243: 239: 238: 233: 229: 225: 221: 220: 210: 207: 206: 202: 198: 194: 191: 190: 186: 183: 182: 178: 175: 174: 170: 167: 166: 162: 159: 158: 153: 147: 144: 140: 139: 138: 135: 134: 130: 127: 126: 122: 119: 118: 114: 111: 110: 107:1 August 1837 106: 103: 102: 98: 95: 94: 91: 88: 85: 84: 81: 78: 75: 74: 70:United States 53: 48: 43: 39: 35: 29: 24: 19: 1756: 1747: 1736: 1726: 1716: 1705: 1695: 1685: 1674: 1663: 1652: 1642:Mona's Queen 1641: 1631: 1609: 1598: 1587: 1576: 1565: 1553: 1544: 1534: 1523: 1517:Henry Andrew 1516: 1505: 1494: 1491:14-15 Aug: 1483: 1471: 1462: 1451: 1443: 1435:Island Belle 1434: 1424:General Polk 1423: 1416: 1409: 1398: 1387:Little Rebel 1386: 1379: 1372: 1365: 1358: 1351: 1344: 1332: 1321: 1310: 1299: 1292: 1285: 1278: 1267: 1260: 1253: 1242: 1235: 1224: 1217: 1216: 1210: 1205: 1198: 1187: 1179: 1174: 1167: 1160: 1153: 1142: 1131: 1121: 1110: 1099: 1088: 1082: 1073: 1062: 1051: 1044: 1034:R. B. Forbes 1033: 1022: 1011: 1004: 997: 990: 979: 968: 957: 950: 939: 932: 921: 909: 900: 889: 882: 872:Santi-Pietri 870: 860: 788: 779: 752: 746: 734:. Retrieved 730: 706:. Retrieved 702:the original 697: 688: 665: 660: 595:Flag Officer 586: 581: 552: 544: 532: 527: 519: 514: 509: 475: 471: 467: 465: 451: 436:served with 433: 427: 409: 408: 403: 379: 359: 341: 295: 293: 263: 262: 256: 235: 218: 217: 216: 160:Displacement 120:Commissioned 79: 37: 36:at left and 33: 1463:Sallie Wood 1199:Mississippi 1181:Sweepstakes 1122:New Orleans 1063:George Page 933:New England 911:Ocean Chief 736:16 November 557:New Orleans 498:, and from 488:Connecticut 352:Long Island 244:in an 1839 230:and in the 99:6 July 1837 1823:1837 ships 1797:Categories 1748:Bainbridge 1660:February: 1632:St Vincent 1506:Adirondack 1417:Livingston 1293:Mound City 1286:Germantown 1279:Cincinnati 1268:Carondelet 1218:Washington 1204:CSRC  1052:Cumberland 991:Appomattox 852:Shipwrecks 652:References 626:Union Navy 587:Washington 577:fitted out 553:Washington 533:Washington 526:USRC  492:Wilmington 484:New London 480:home ports 476:Washington 472:Washington 468:Washington 452:Washington 434:Washington 410:Washington 404:La Amistad 380:La Amistad 372:Lieutenant 360:Washington 296:Washington 264:Washington 257:Washington 237:La Amistad 219:Washington 184:Propulsion 141:Seized by 104:Christened 80:Washington 38:La Amistad 34:Washington 1746:USS  1715:USS  1684:USS  1675:Minnesota 1673:USS  1662:USS  1651:HMS  1630:HMS  1608:USS  1597:USS  1586:USS  1575:USS  1533:USS  1522:USS  1515:USS  1504:USS  1493:USS  1461:USS  1450:USS  1433:USS  1322:Jamestown 1291:USS  1277:USS  1266:CSS  1259:CSS  1236:Louisiana 1186:USS  1173:CSS  1100:Red Rover 1074:Whitehall 1072:USS  1050:USS  1043:USS  1032:USS  1021:USS  996:CSS  956:USS  949:USS  938:USS  931:USS  920:USS  899:USS  888:USS  881:USS  541:Louisiana 438:Commodore 428:When the 333:Baltimore 317:surveying 282:, and as 192:Sail plan 112:Completed 1744:22 Nov: 1734:15 Nov: 1724:17 Aug: 1703:23 Jun: 1693:13 May: 1649:22 Feb: 1628:11 Jan: 1595:31 Dec: 1584:12 Dec: 1562:25 Nov: 1552:15 Oct: 1531:10 Sep: 1513:24 Aug: 1502:23 Aug: 1484:Arkansas 1470:24 Jul: 1459:21 Jul: 1442:15 Jul: 1431:28 Jun: 1406:26 Jun: 1399:Maurepas 1395:16 Jun: 1318:15 May: 1311:Virginia 1307:11 May: 1275:10 May: 1232:28 Apr: 1195:25 Apr: 1168:Manassas 1150:24 Apr: 1139:19 Apr: 1129:14 Apr: 1070:10 Mar: 1045:Congress 1030:25 Feb: 1019:20 Feb: 987:10 Feb: 980:Sea Bird 947:26 Jan: 929:25 Jan: 918:24 Jan: 908:23 Jan: 897:20 Jan: 765:, p. 75. 708:3 August 604:See also 591:squadron 584:scuttled 508:SS  504:Virginia 496:Delaware 356:New York 337:Maryland 325:schooner 307:and the 303:between 242:schooner 208:Armament 197:schooner 195:Topsail 163:190 tons 86:Namesake 1713:7 Aug: 1706:Memphis 1696:Planter 1682:8 May: 1671:8 Mar: 1664:Vermont 1653:Defence 1599:Monitor 1542:2 Oct: 1535:Tigress 1480:6 Aug: 1340:6 Jun: 1254:Jackson 1225:Pamlico 1212:Pioneer 1206:Pickens 1118:8 Apr: 1111:Grampus 1107:7 Apr: 1096:4 Apr: 1089:Memphis 1084:Camilla 1059:9 Mar: 1041:8 Mar: 1012:Forrest 976:8 Feb: 965:7 Feb: 890:Potomac 879:9 Jan: 869:4 Jan: 859:2 Jan: 672:to the 500:Norfolk 400:captain 396:Guanaja 203:in 1838 96:Ordered 45:History 1717:Oneida 1686:Galena 1495:Sumter 1300:Fulton 1261:Oregon 1188:Varuna 1132:Erebus 969:Curlew 883:Meteor 778:  761:  680:  461:Tuxpan 392:Africa 384:Havana 366:. Her 364:anchor 268:cutter 259:(1837) 246:mutiny 222:was a 168:Length 1610:Noble 1588:Cairo 1577:Mingo 1566:Ellis 1243:McRae 1005:Fanny 958:Timor 951:India 565:Union 561:state 490:, to 187:Sail. 115:1837. 1784:1863 1771:1861 1564:USS 1545:Iona 1482:CSS 1422:CSS 1415:CSS 1408:CSS 1397:CSS 1385:CSS 1378:CSS 1371:CSS 1364:CSS 1357:CSS 1350:CSS 1343:CSS 1331:CSS 1320:CSS 1309:CSS 1298:CSS 1284:CSS 1252:CSS 1241:CSS 1234:CSS 1223:CSS 1197:CSS 1166:CSS 1159:CSS 1152:CSS 1141:USS 1120:CSS 1109:CSS 1098:CSS 1087:(or 1061:CSS 1010:CSS 1003:CSS 989:CSS 978:CSS 967:CSS 922:Peri 791:here 759:ISBN 738:2023 710:2013 678:ISBN 388:Cuba 350:off 346:and 329:brig 315:and 255:USS 201:brig 176:Beam 145:1861 136:Fate 76:Name 32:USS 593:of 555:at 376:USN 1799:: 1520:, 1448:, 1420:, 1413:, 1383:, 1376:, 1369:, 1362:, 1355:, 1348:, 1296:, 1289:, 1282:, 1264:, 1257:, 1239:, 1221:, 1215:, 1209:, 1202:, 1184:, 1178:, 1171:, 1164:, 1157:, 1048:, 1008:, 1001:, 994:, 954:, 936:, 886:, 757:, 729:. 718:^ 696:. 539:, 531:, 517:. 502:, 494:, 486:, 463:. 450:, 386:, 370:, 354:, 339:. 335:, 286:. 248:. 1091:) 837:e 830:t 823:v 810:. 793:. 740:. 712:. 20:.

Index

USS Washington


Peter G. Washington
Confederate States of America
schooner
brig
revenue cutter
United States Revenue-Marine
United States Navy
La Amistad
schooner
mutiny

cutter
Peter G. Washington
United States Department of the Treasury
Postmaster General of the United States
Assistant Secretary of the Treasury
United States East Coast
New York City
Virginia Capes
depth sounding
surveying
United States Coast Survey
schooner
brig
Baltimore
Maryland
Gardiner's Point

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑