Walter Savage Landor

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tongue in prose or verse was ever the quality of real obscurity, of loose and nebulous incertitude, more utterly alien or more naturally remote. There is nothing of cloud or fog about the path on which he leads us; but we feel now and then the want of a bridge or a handrail; we have to leap from point to point of narrative or argument without the usual help of a connecting plank. Even in his dramatic works, where least of all it should have been found, this lack of visible connection or sequence in details of thought or action is too often a source of sensible perplexity. In his noble trilogy on the history of Giovanna queen of Naples it is sometimes actually difficult to realize on a first reading what has happened or is happening, or how, or why, or by what agency a defect alone sufficient, but unhappily sufficient in itself, to explain the too general ignorance of a work so rich in subtle and noble treatment of character, so sure and strong in its grasp and rendering of high actions and high passions, so rich in humour and in pathos, so royally serene in its commanding power upon the tragic mainsprings of terror and of pity.

33: 745:, a ruined Benedictine abbey. He sold the property at Rugeley which he inherited from his father, and persuaded his mother to sell her Tachbrook estate to contribute to the purchase cost. On his return from Spain he was busy finalising these matters. The previous owner had erected some buildings in the ruins of the ancient abbey, but an Act of Parliament, passed in 1809, was needed to allow Landor to pull down these buildings and construct a house, (which was never finished). He wanted to become a model country gentleman, planting trees, importing sheep from Spain, and improving the roads. There is still an avenue of trees in the area known as "Landor's Larches" and many old chestnuts have been dated back to his time. 1290:

in the rain on the doorstep of a local barrister, James Jerwood. Jerwood mistook him for a tramp and drove him away. Landor's follow-up letter of abuse to the barrister is magnificent: highlighting the man's "insulting language ... violent demeanour" and "coarseness and vehemence"; casting doubt on Jerwood's education (particularly in Latin); observing "Barristers in general carry a change of tongue about them, altho (sic) some of them do not put on a clean one so often as we could wish"; and lecturing him on the proprieties and "decency" involved in interacting not only with gentlemen- Landor firmly establishing himself amongst them- but with "even the lowest of men". R. H. Super, in his

1441: 453: 845: 853: 837: 1539: 798:, well known as a High Tory, without success. He wasted much effort and money in noble attempts to improve the land, and to relieve the wretchedness and raise the condition of the poorer inhabitants. The final straw was when he let his farmland to one Betham who was incompetent and extravagant and paid no rent. After an expensive action to recover the debts from Betham he had had enough, and decided to leave the country, abandoning Llanthony to his creditors – which was principally his mother. He had drafted a book-length 4910: 189:. He drew on a vast array of historical characters from Greek philosophers to contemporary writers and composed conversations between pairs of characters that covered areas of philosophy, politics, romance and many other topics. These exercises proved a more successful application of Landor's natural ability for writing dialogue than his plays. Although these have many quotable passages the overall effect suffered because he never learned the art of drama. 2360: 1704: 730: 148: 255:

contact reveal that he was fascinating company and he dined out on his wit and knowledge for a great part of his life. Landor's powerful sense of humour, expressed in his tremendous and famous laughs no doubt contributed to and yet helped assuage the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune. "His passionate compassion, his bitter and burning pity for all wrongs endured in all the world, found outlet in his lifelong defence of

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death of his wife. Landor afterwards seldom left the house and remained petulant and uncomfortable, occasionally visited by his sons. He was much concerned about the fate of his picture collection, little of which had any merit, and about preparations for his grave as he hoped to be buried at Widcombe near Bath. He published some Imaginary Conversations in the 'Atheneum' in 1861-2 and in 1863 published a last volume of

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welcome him. He spent a miserable ten months at his villa, and fled repeatedly to Florence, only to be brought back again. On the last occasion, he took refuge at a hotel in Florence, with next to nothing in his pocket, and was found by Robert Browning then living at the Casa Guidi. Browning managed to obtain an allowance for him from the family and settled him first at

591:. Here he met Sophia Jane Swift, who was already engaged to her cousin Godwin Swifte, whom she married despite Landor's ardent entreaties in 1803. He called her Ianthe and wrote some of his most beautiful love poems to her. His father died in 1805, which put him in possession of an independent fortune and he settled in Bath, living in grand style. In 1806 he published 1388:. Swinburne described these as "unsurpassed even by their author himself for noble and heroic pathos, for subtle and genial, tragic and profound, ardent and compassionate insight into character, with consummate mastery of dramatic and spiritual truth." At this time Landor was interesting himself in foreign affairs, in particular Czarist oppression as he saw it and 1494:. Forster's refusal to publish more about the libel case had interrupted their friendship, but they renewed their correspondence before his death. Almost the last event of his life was a visit in 1864 from the poet Swinburne, who visited Florence specifically to see him, and dedicated to him the 'Atlanta in Calydon'. In 1864 on May Day Landor said to his landlady 1074:, a satire on Irish priests. He wintered again at Clifton where Southey visited him. It is possible that Ianthe was living at Bristol, but the evidence is not clear, and in 1837 she went to Austria, where she remained for some years. After leaving Clifton, Landor travelled around and visited Armitage Brown at Plymouth. He established many friendships including 1569:

his Latin verse are perhaps more frequently and more gravely liable to this charge than either his English verse or his Latin prose. At times it is well-nigh impossible for an eye less keen and swift, a scholarship less exquisite and ready than his own, to catch the precise direction and follow the perfect course of his rapid thought and radiant utterance.

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with the public, Landor gained warm admirers, many of whom were his personal friends. Southey's mind was giving way when he wrote a last letter to his friend in 1839, but he continued to mention Landor's name when generally incapable of mentioning anyone. Landor wandered around the country again, frequently visiting London, where he usually stayed with

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himself to death, and he was accused of causing the misfortune and when he prosecuted a man for theft he was insulted by the defendant's counsel (whom he later "chastised" in his Latin poetry). He was fond of revenge through his verse, Latin or otherwise and gave his opinion of his lawyers in the following piece of doggerel.

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equally active in the desperate attempts to get his work published, where he offended or felt cheated by a succession of publishers who found his work either unsellable or unpublishable. He was repeatedly involved in legal disputes with his neighbours whether in England or Italy and Dickens' characterisation of him in

1584:, it might be hard to match and it would be impossible to overmatch the flawless and blameless yet living and breathing beauty of his most perfect elegies, epigrams or epitaphs. As truly as prettily was he likened by Leigh Hunt to a stormy mountain pine which should produce lilies. He was a classic, and no 947:. His mother, with whom he had always corresponded affectionately, died in October 1829 and his cousin Walter Landor of Rugeley took over the management of the estate in Wales. Landor was happy at Villa Gherardesca for several years, writing books, playing with his children whom he adored and with the 1289:

who was to become an outstanding novelist and journalist as Lynn Linton, and she became a regular companion in Bath. Now aged over 70, Landor was losing many of his old friends and becoming more frequently ill himself. On one occasion when staying with the Graves-Sawle he visited Exeter and sheltered

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and in September returned to England alone in the autumn. He had an income of about £600 per annum from properties in England, but when he left Italy he made over £400 of the share to his wife, and transferred the villa and farms at Fiesole to his son Arnold absolutely. His income was now £200 a year

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and the poem "Rose Aylmer," but the critical acclaim he received from contemporary poets and reviewers was not matched by public popularity. As remarkable as his work was, it was equalled by his rumbustious character and lively temperament. Both his writing and political activism, such as his support

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The one charge which can ever seriously be brought and maintained against it is that of such occasional obscurity or difficulty as may arise from excessive strictness in condensation of phrase and expurgation of matter not always superfluous, and sometimes almost indispensable. His English prose and

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described these as a historical novel thrown into conversational dramatic form. In 1839 Landor's attempts to publish the plays were caught up in a dispute between Bentley and Dickens and Forster which caused considerable delay. Again, although these plays, or "conversations in verse" did not succeed

1588:; the wide range of his admiration had room for a genius so far from classical as Blake's. Nor in his own highest mood or method of creative as of critical work was he a classic only, in any narrow or exclusive sense of the term. On either side, immediately or hardly below his mighty masterpiece of 1485:

visited Florence and brought with him an American girl, Kate Field, who became Landor's protégée. He was still charming, venerable, and courteous, and full of literary interests. He taught Kate Field Latin, repeated poetry and composed some last conversations. In 1861, Browning left Italy after the

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With these works, Landor acquired a high, but not wide literary reputation. He had various disputes with the authorities in Florence. The theft of some silver led to altercations with the police, whose interviews with tradesmen ended up defining him as a "dangerous man", and the eventual upshot was

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was living there and Landor was suspected of being an agent involved in watching her in case of divorce proceedings. In 1818 he insulted the authorities in a Latin poem directed against an Italian poet who had denounced England, not realising that the libel laws in Italy (unlike in England) applied

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Grammar School. Langley was later mentioned in the Imaginary Conversation of Isaak Walton. Landor's temperament and violent opinions caused embarrassment at home and he was usually asked to absent himself when guests were expected. On one occasion he netted and threw in the river a local farmer who

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Landor's biography consists of a catalogue of incidents and misfortunes, many of them self-inflicted but some no fault of his own. His headstrong nature and hot-headed temperament, combined with a complete contempt for authority, landed him in a great deal of trouble over the years. By a succession

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Landor received a visit from his son Arnold in 1842 and in that year wrote a long essay on Catullus for Forster, who was editor of "Foreign Quarterly Review"; he followed it up with The Idylls of Theocritus. R. H. Super was critical of the essays claiming "A more thoroughly disorganised work never

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His troubles with the neighbours stemmed from petty squabbles, many arising from his headstrong and impetuous nature. He employed a solicitor, one Charles Gabell, who saw him as a client to be milked. His trees were uprooted and his timber stolen. A man against whom he had to swear the peace drank

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Landor was reconciled with his family through the efforts of his friend Dorothea Lyttelton. He later told Forster that he would have married Dorothea if he were financially independent. He did not enter a profession—he did not want the law, and no more did the army want him. His father allowed him

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Landor wrote over 300 Latin poems, political tracts and essays, but these have generally been ignored in the collections of his work. Landor found Latin useful for expressing things that might otherwise have been "indecent or unattractive" as he put it and as a cover for libellous material. Fellow

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From nineteen almost to ninety his intellectual and literary activity was indefatigably incessant; but, herein at least like Charles Lamb, whose cordial admiration he so cordially returned, he could not write a note of three lines which did not bear the mark of his Roman hand in its matchless and

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and from time to time from the family home. In the course of his life he came into conflict deliberately with his political enemies – the supporters of Pitt – but inadvertently with a succession of Lord Lieutenants, Bishops, Lord Chancellors, Spanish officers, Italian Grand Dukes, nuncio legatos,

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This apparently studious pursuit and preference of the most terse and elliptic expression which could be found for anything he might have to say could not but occasionally make even so sovereign a master of two great languages appear dark with excess of light; but from no former master of either

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in Germany hoping to meet his children, but was disappointed. He wrote more imaginary conversations including one between Lord Eldon and Escombe. When a lady friend rebuked him for this on the basis that Eldon was now over eighty, Landor replied unmoved with the quip "The devil is older". He had

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In 1811 he went to a ball in Bath and seeing a pretty girl exclaimed "That's the nicest girl in the room, and I'll marry her". She was Julia Thuillier, the daughter of an impoverished Swiss banker who had an unsuccessful business at Banbury and had gone to Spain, leaving his family at Bath. They

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Swinburne comments that "his loyalty and liberality of heart were as inexhaustible as his bounty and beneficence of hand", adding that "praise and encouragement, deserved or undeserved, came more readily to his lips than challenge or defiance". The numerous accounts of those with whom he came in

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appeared in 1824 with a second edition in 1826; a third volume was added in 1828; and in 1829 the fourth and fifth volumes were published. Not until 1846 was a fresh instalment added, in the second volume of his collected and selected works. Many of the imaginary conversations harshly criticize

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In July that year Landor returned to Italy for the last six years of his life. He was advised to make over his property to his family, on whom he now depended. He hoped to resume his life with his wife and children but found them living disreputably at the Villa Gherardesca and ill-disposed to

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poetry, and so Landor published his most important Latin work 'Poemata et Inscriptiones' separately in 1847. This consisted of large additions to the main contents of two former volumes of idyllic, satiric, elegiac and lyric verse. One piece referred to George IV whose treatment of Caroline of

1042:, told in a series of letters to a friend Cleone. The work is one of Landor's most joyous works and is singled out by contemporary critics as an introduction to Landor at his best. On one occasion Landor was travelling to Clifton incognito and chatting to a fellow traveller when the traveller, 229:

Landor's writing often landed him on the wrong side of the laws of libel, and even his refuge in Latin proved of no avail in Italy. Many times his friends had to come to his aid in smoothing the ruffled feathers of his opponents or in encouraging him to moderate his behaviour. His friends were

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in the previous year, and the mutual appreciation of the two poets led to a warm friendship. He also wrote a work "The Dun Cow" which was written in defence of his friend Parr who had been attacked in an anonymous work "Guy's Porridge Pot", which Landor was fierce to deny was any work of his.

666:. Although this demonstrated Landor's distinctive style of writing, it suffered from his failure to study the art of drama and so made little impression. The plot is difficult to follow unless the story is previously known and concerns a complicated situation after the defeat of the last 1457:, £100, a legacy received from his friend Kenyon. Unknown to Landor she transferred half of it to the other lady, a Mrs Yescombe. They then quarreled and Mrs Yescombe accused Hooper of having obtained the money from Landor for dishonourable reasons. Landor in his fury wrote a pamphlet 716:), one equally worthy to stand unchallenged beside either for poetic perfection as well as moral majesty. The superhuman isolation of agony and endurance which encircles and exalts the hero is in each case expressed with equally appropriate magnificence of effect. The style of 918:

that the Grand Duke banished him from Florence. Subsequently, the Grand Duke took the matter good-naturedly, and ignored Landor's declaration that, as the authorities disliked his residence, he should reside there permanently. In 1829, Landor bought the Villa Gherardesca at

1009:. Lady Blessington sold "Shakespeare" for him. In 1835 Ianthe visited again, and brought her half-sister, Mrs Paynter, with her. Landor's wife Julia became jealous, although she already had a younger lover, and their difference of opinion ended in a complete separation. 236:

revolves around such a dispute over a gate between Boythorn and Sir Leicester Dedlock. Fate dealt with him unfairly when he tried to put into practice his bold and generous ideas to improve the lot of man, or when he was mistaken at one time for an agent of the

1294:(1954) observes that "the very survival of this letter shows that Jerwood, when he received it, at least knew with whom he had to deal... it warms the heart to see that Landor's sharpest thrust was the suggestion that his man could not read Latin". 926:

of Llanbedr Hall, Denbighshire. Here he had a dispute with a neighbour about water rights, which led to a lawsuit and a challenge, although the English Consul Kirkup succeeded in arranging the point of honour satisfactorily. Landor was visited by

171:. His prose and poetry have received most acclaim, but critics are divided in their preference between them and he is now often described as 'a poet's poet' and author of perhaps the greatest very short poems in English, 'Some of the best poets, 192:

Landor wrote much sensitive and beautiful poetry. The love poems were inspired by a succession of female romantic ideals – Ione, Ianthe, Rose Aylmer and Rose Paynter. Equally sensitive are his "domestic" poems about his sister and his children.

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wrote: "No poet at the age of twenty ever had more vigour of style and fluency of verse; nor perhaps has any ever shown such masterly command of epigram and satire, made vivid and vital by the purest enthusiasm and most generous indignation."

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and brother of Julius Hare who was to be of great help to him. Landor soon became dissatisfied with Tours and after tremendous conflicts with his landlady set off in September 1815 with his wife and brother on a tempestuous journey to Italy.

351:". Landor's father disapproved and he removed for a time to London, lodging near Portland Place. Ione subsequently had a child who died in infancy. In 1795 Landor brought out a small volume of English and Latin verse in three books entitled 789:

failed to reply to his letter offering to restore part of the priory Landor followed up saying "God alone is great enough for me to ask anything of twice". He wanted to become a magistrate and after a row with the Lord Lieutenant,

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wrote "Style and treatment constitute the charm of it. The vividness with which everything in it is presented to sight as well as through the wealth of its imagery, its moods of language – these are characteristics pre-eminent in

1114:. These plays are in the form of a trilogy in the first of which Fra Rupert contrives the death of Andrea, husband of Giovanna. Giovanna is suspected but acquitted in the second play. In the third play Fra Rupert is discovered. 1476:

Landor busied himself with new editions of his works and interested himself in the unification of Italy. He wrote frequently to Eliza Lynn Linton and added to Imaginary Conversations devising any sale proceeds to the relief of

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tended to ridicule and revile him, and though Landor had little good to say in return during Byron's life, he lamented and extolled him as a dead hero. He lavished sympathetic praise on the noble dramatic works of his brother

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fell from his pen". In 1843 he mourned the death of his friend Southey and dedicated a poem in the Examiner. Landor was visited by his children Walter and Julia and published a poem to Julia in Blackwood's magazine.

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in 1800 and a pamphlet of Latin verses. During this time he met Isaac Mocatta who stimulated his interest in art and exercised a moderating influence, but Mocatta died 1801. In 1802 Landor went to Paris where he saw

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Forster and Dickens used to visit Bath, to celebrate Landor's birthday and Charles I's execution on the same day. Forster helped Landor in publishing his plays and the 'Collected Works' in 1846, and was employed on

1038:, which was to become one of his most appreciated works, was published in March 1836. It is in the form of an Imaginary Conversation and describes the development of Aspasia's romance with Pericles, who died in the 443: 761:, while at the same time he tried to publish an article on Fox, a response to a sycophantic piece by John Bernard Trotter, which was condemned by the prospective publisher John Murray as libellous and damned by 339:

for a year, and, although the authorities were willing to condone the offence, he refused to return. The affair led to a quarrel with his father in which Landor expressed his intention of leaving home for ever.

584:, which did little to increase readership but appealed to Parr and was considered by Swinburne to be comparable with the English version in might and melody of line, and for power and perfection of language. 1325:

visited him and wrote "He was really stirring company: a proud irascible, trenchant, yet generous, veracious, and very dignified old man". In 1851 Landor expressed interest in Church reform with a pamphlet

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In the beginning of 1857, Landor's mind was becoming weakened and he found himself in some unpleasant situations. He became involved in a court case because he had published statements when the case was

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married at St James' Church, Bath on 24 May 1811 and settled for a while at Llanthony Abbey. Landor had a visit from Southey, after he sent him a letter describing the idylls of country life, including

970:. He also visited his family in Staffordshire – his brother Charles was rector of Colton, and his cousin Walter Landor of Rugeley was trying to deal with the complex business of Llanthony. He visited 1199:

In the following year his daughter Julia returned and gave him a dog Pomero, who was a faithful companion for a long time. In the same year, he published a poem to Browning in the Morning Chronicle.

720:, if somewhat deficient in dramatic ease and the fluency of natural dialogue, has such might and purity and majesty of speech as elsewhere we find only in Milton so long and so steadily sustained. 1321:

met him in 1850 and recorded how while another guest fell downstairs and broke his arm, "Old Landor went on eloquently discoursing of Catullus and other Latin poets as if nothing had happened".

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Landor returned his commission. When he returned to England, he joined Wordsworth and Southey in denouncing the Convention of Sintra, which had excited general indignation. In 1809 Landor wrote

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and at another for a tramp. His stormy marriage with his long-suffering wife resulted in a long separation, and then when she had finally taken him back in a series of sad attempts to escape.

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who lived at Hatton near Warwick and who appreciated Landor as a person and a Latin writer. Landor favoured Latin as a way of expressing playful material without exposing it to public view. "

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King of Spain. It carries the moral tone of crime propagating crime. Southey undertook to arrange publication and eventually got it published by Murray in 1812, after an initial refusal by

1886: 1046:, observed that his strange paradoxical conversation sounded like one of Landor's Imaginary Conversations. Landor covered his retreat, but later became acquainted formally with Sterling. 331:" since he was taken with ideas of French republicanism. His tutor Dr Benwell was impressed by him, but unfortunately his stay was short-lived. In 1794 he fired a gun at the windows of a 271:, England, the eldest son of Dr Walter Landor (1733–1805), a physician, and his second wife, Elizabeth (1743–1829), one of four daughters and heiresses of Charles Savage, of Tachbrook, 1334:. He published various other articles in The Examiner, Fraser's Magazine and other journals. During the year he learnt of the death of his beloved Ianthe and wrote in tribute to her: 513:, on the other hand, who was ever a harsh critic of Landor, described it as "A jumble of incomprehensible trash... the most vile and despicable effusion of a mad and muddy brain...". 757:. However the idyll was not to last long as for the next three years Landor was worried by the combined vexation of neighbours and tenants, lawyers and lords-lieutenant and even the 1506:. A statue of his wife can also be found in the 'English' Cemetery, above the tomb of their son, Arnold Savage Landor. In England a memorial bust to Landor was later placed in the 318:

with a mixture of praise and criticism and was subsequently reconciled with him. He then studied privately with Rev. William Langley, vicar of Fenny Bentley and headmaster of

1123:, whom he had known at Florence. Mrs Paynter and her daughter Rose Paynter were at Bath, and Landor's letters and verses to Rose are among his best works. Rose later married 898:, he settled with his wife and children at the Villa Castiglione. In this, the most important period in his literary career, he produced some of his best known works – the 1453:

and was insulted by counsel as a poor old man brought in to talk twaddle. He then became embroiled in a miserable quarrel between two ladies he knew. He gave one of them,

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under Dr James, but took offence at the headmaster's review of his work and was removed at Dr James' request. Years later, Landor included references to James in Latin in

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and they enjoyed each other's company despite the age difference. Landor greatly admired Dickens's works, and was especially moved by the character of Nell Trent (from

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lawyers and other minor officials. He usually gained the upper hand, if not with an immediate hilarious response, then possibly many years later with a biting epithet.

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facetiously describes himself as "an expert on the poetry of Walter Savage Landor and many other subjects which he travels the world to lecture upon, unsolicited".

500:" and "nowhere in the works of Wordsworth or Coleridge do we find anything resembling Landor's peculiar qualities of haughty splendour and massive concentration". 2375: 2215: 363:. It was a satire in heroic verse condemning Pitt for trying to suppress liberal influences. Although Landor subsequently disowned these "'prentice works", 2022: 951:, and planting his gardens. He had many visitors, most notably in 1829 Jane Swift (Ianthe) now a widow, who inspired him to write poetry again. Later came 155:

In a long and active life of 89 years Landor produced a considerable amount of work in various genres. This can perhaps be classified into four main areas—

1285:, including the poems published under that title in the collected works, together with English translations of the Latin idyls. In this year he first met 480:, the work which established his reputation. This long poem tells the story of a prince of Spain who falls in love with his enemy Queen Charoba of Egypt. 204:. He was also a master of the epigram which he used to good effect and wrote satirically to avenge himself on politicians and other people who upset him. 2915: 4989: 4984: 2905: 1492:" the last fruit of a genius which after a life of eighty-eight years had lost nothing of its majestic and pathetic power, its exquisite and exalted" 2062:

A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain and Ireland, vol. I, John Burke, Henry Colburn, publisher, 1847, p. 689

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Landor was a close friend of Southey and Coleridge. His relationship with Wordsworth changed over time from great praise to a certain resentment.

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As a poet, he may be said on the whole to stand midway between Byron and Shelley—about as far above the former as below the latter. If we except

131:, were imbued with his passion for liberal and republican causes. He befriended and influenced the next generation of literary reformers such as 882:

to Latin writings as well as Italian. After threatening the regio delegato with a beating he was ordered to leave Como. In September he went to

259:. His tender and ardent love of children, of animals and of flowers makes fragrant alike the pages of his writing and the records of his life". 32: 1638: 686:

Mr Landor is probably the one man in Europe that has adequately conceived the situation, the stern self-dependency and monumental misery of

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in Warwickshire. Landor as the eldest son was heir to these properties and looked forward to a life of prosperity. The family tradition was

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in Wales where he had a love affair with a local girl, Nancy Evans, for whom he wrote some of his earliest love poems referring to her as "

1717: 990: 2384: 959:, Count Julian and Other Poems (including 31 to Ianthe). Although this sold only 40 copies, Landor was unconcerned as he was working on 4944: 3259: 1676:

Author Iris Murdoch quotes Landor ‘There are no voices that are not soon mute…’in the penultimate paragraph of her novel, The Unicorn.

388: 4994: 963:. This last work he sent to Crabb Robinson for publication but he had difficulties with publishers and it did not appear until 1837. 623:, introduced himself to the British envoy, offered 10,000 reals for the relief of Venturada, and set out to join the army of General 2016: 115:(30 January 1775 – 17 September 1864) was an English writer, poet, and activist. His best known works were the prose 4954: 1102:, and Leigh Hunt who reckoned it Landor's masterpiece. In the spring of 1838 he took a house in Bath and wrote his three plays the 248:

as "the kindest and gentlest of men". He collected a coterie of friends who went to great lengths to help him, and writing for the

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which was considered libellous. Forster persuaded Landor to apologise. Then in 1858 he produced a miscellaneous collection called

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Siquid forte iocosius cuivis in mentem veniat, id, vernacule, puderet, non-enim tantummodo in luce agitur sed etiam in publico

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For the next three years Landor led an unsettled life, spent mainly in London. He became a friend of the classics scholar Dr

4526: 2544: 1094:. Although this had no financial success it was much admired by his friends including Kenyon, Julius Hare, Crabb Robinson, 791: 619:. At the age of 33, he left England for Spain as a volunteer to serve in the national army against Napoleon. He landed at 4974: 4969: 2948: 1120: 989:

On returning to Fiesole he found his children out of hand and obtained a German governess for them. Back in Italy he met

903: 360: 276: 3353: 1658:'s guest character plagiarizes Landor's "She I Love (Alas in Vain!)" when reciting poetry to Diane. He also plagiarizes 4368: 786: 1498:. A few months later he died quietly in Florence at the age of 89. He was buried not after all at Widcombe but in the 595:

which included poems to Ianthe and Ione. It also included "Gunlaug and Helga" a narrative poem from William Herbert's

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brought an end to the campaign and Landor returned to England. The Spanish Government offered its thanks to him, and

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to which Landor frequently contributed on political and other subjects. Forster objected to the inclusion of some

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In the course of his career Landor wrote for various journals on a range of topics that interested him from anti-

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In 1832 Ablett persuaded him to visit England, where he met many old friends. He saw Ianthe at Brighton and met

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of 1886 an appreciation which included the following passage (here broken into paragraphs for easier reading):

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which contained among other things some epigrammatic and satirical attacks which led to further libel actions.

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calling it "some of the most exquisite poetry in the language" and was keen to discover the anonymous author.

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which presents the radical Whig leader in a positive light and includes a dedication to American president

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was the only other member to achieve fame as a writer there was a strong literary tradition in the family.

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and he was in financial difficulties. He stayed with Ablett at Llanbedr for three months, spent winter at

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and strong criticism of the Tory government and Canning, but left it unpublished for fear of prosecution.

4979: 4666: 4481: 4323: 2635: 2584: 4601: 2930: 2454: 986:, and Julius Hare at Cambridge. He went with Ablett to the Lake District and saw Southey and Coleridge. 4959: 4303: 3532: 3044: 2371: 1841: 1626: 1592:, stand the two scarcely less beautiful and vivid studies of medieval Italy and Shakespeare in England. 1542: 1515: 1503: 1499: 1440: 1205: 1095: 1090:, containing five of his finest shorter studies in dramatic poetry. The last piece to be published was 1070:

which included a criticism of Wordsworth's failure to appreciate Southey, Alabiadas the Young Man, and

816:, where he had a quarrel with his wife and set off for France on his own. Eventually she joined him at 524:." Latin also had the advantage of being exempt from libel laws in England. Parr introduced Landor to 364: 245: 4611: 3277: 3054: 1852: 250: 5019: 4850: 4250: 4201: 2501: 1790: 1050: 862: 525: 501: 4531: 3688: 3410: 452: 5009: 4749: 4571: 4461: 4451: 4388: 4154: 3839: 2900: 2630: 1618: 794:, who was suspicious of his republican sympathies, he pursued the matter with the Lord Chancellor, 742: 545: 296: 197: 4328: 3618: 1510:. Later, his Villa Gherardesca in Fiesole would become the home of the American Icelandic scholar 1372:

which contained the amazingly realistic characterisation of Landor as Boythorn. He also published

624: 4521: 4378: 4283: 4139: 3568: 3184: 2574: 899: 895: 758: 442: 324: 185: 117: 93: 3394: 3094: 580:

and the second edition appeared in 1803. About the same time Landor published the whole poem in

5024: 4860: 4815: 4810: 4506: 4398: 4298: 3809: 3583: 3522: 3139: 2910: 2465: 1756: 1685: 1585: 1546: 1389: 1133: 1043: 936: 932: 663: 636: 457: 399:. In this he found the story "The History of Charoba, Queen of Egypt", which inspired his poem 336: 4185: 4058: 3844: 3768: 3653: 3079: 1514:, who renamed it the 'Villa Landor'. Landor's grandson was the writer explorer and adventurer 651:

and wrote to press under various pseudonyms. In 1810 he wrote "a brave and good letter to Sir

647:

giving him the benefit of his wisdom as a participant in the war. He wrote an ode in Latin to

627:. He was disappointed not to take part in any real action and found himself giving support at 570: 4865: 4830: 4820: 4754: 4581: 4556: 4516: 4466: 4363: 4216: 4063: 3875: 3732: 3673: 3507: 3502: 3456: 3384: 3323: 3209: 2968: 2615: 2564: 2541: 2448: 1318: 1146: 971: 874: 319: 307: 284: 3420: 2895: 2880: 844: 4939: 4934: 4913: 4486: 4048: 3935: 3860: 3573: 3537: 3239: 3219: 2973: 2660: 2600: 2494: 2480: 2432: 2115: 1511: 1075: 952: 940: 836: 707: 632: 557:

at close quarters, and this was enough for him to revoke his former praise for Napoleon in

540: 222: 201: 4586: 4403: 3638: 3415: 3272: 2993: 2958: 2287:

Walter Savage Landor- A Biography, R. H. Super, New York University Press, 1954, pp. 382-3

1737: 208:

classical scholars of the time put Landor's Latin work on a par with his English writing.

8: 4845: 4704: 4408: 4293: 4134: 3517: 3512: 3348: 3089: 3024: 2640: 1606: 1527: 1392:. At the end of 1854 his beloved sister Elizabeth died and he wrote a touching memorial: 994: 648: 300: 4496: 4012: 3829: 3369: 3307: 3154: 2983: 1261:

is more famously displayed in the doggerel that many do not realise is his composition:

4901: 4621: 4383: 4373: 4258: 4149: 4043: 3885: 3834: 3747: 3643: 3613: 3603: 3451: 3249: 2938: 2830: 2771: 2549: 2278:

Walter Savage Landor- A Biography, R. H. Super, New York University Press, 1954, p. 337

2185:

Examinations of the Strictures of the Critical Reviewers on the Translations of Juvenal

1882: 1659: 1637:, it is quoted by both Noel Kettering and Henry Thornton. The poem forms the chorus of 852: 328: 288: 128: 3783: 3663: 2860: 1845: 4835: 4805: 4769: 4714: 4636: 4566: 4491: 4428: 4333: 4318: 4288: 4129: 4104: 4078: 4017: 4007: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3558: 3527: 3471: 3466: 3282: 3267: 3189: 3074: 3019: 2943: 2855: 2808: 2711: 2701: 2665: 2531: 2403: 2035: 1968: 1947: 1581: 1286: 1115: 1039: 801: 679: 529: 383:

Landor settled in South Wales, returning home to Warwick for short visits. It was at

4175: 4170: 4053: 2890: 2840: 1538: 599:. At Bristol in 1808 he caught up with Southey, whom he had missed on a trip to the 4441: 4338: 4263: 4180: 4144: 4022: 3997: 3992: 3693: 3683: 3678: 3668: 3658: 3633: 3563: 3486: 3461: 3029: 2978: 2875: 2716: 2706: 2689: 2650: 2645: 2620: 2412: 2027: 1860: 1602: 1565:

inimitable command of a style at once the most powerful and the purest of his age.

1482: 1454: 1381: 1331: 1258: 1027: 979: 738: 640: 534: 4616: 4606: 3824: 3598: 3435: 3099: 2777: 2049: 4840: 4825: 4800: 4724: 4656: 4651: 4646: 4561: 4546: 4501: 4436: 4308: 4278: 4124: 4119: 4002: 3925: 3915: 3865: 3773: 3648: 3542: 3481: 3476: 3343: 3287: 3204: 3194: 3014: 2998: 2953: 2920: 2793: 2743: 2681: 2670: 2219: 1870: 1376:

containing fresh conversations, critical and controversial essays, miscellaneous

1150: 1128: 928: 652: 639:

appointed him a Colonel in the Spanish Army. However, when the King restored the

573:. Colvin considered "Crysaor" Landor's finest piece of narrative in blank verse. 510: 136: 132: 4221: 3159: 2554: 873:, where they stayed for three years. Even here he had troubles, for at the time 405:. Rose Aylmer sailed to India with an aunt in 1798, and two years later died of 4764: 4734: 4699: 4689: 4671: 4576: 4536: 4471: 4343: 4273: 4114: 4099: 4027: 3971: 3961: 3930: 3910: 3819: 3742: 3722: 3707: 3628: 3588: 3292: 3244: 3174: 3069: 3049: 2988: 2885: 2749: 2675: 2399: 2031: 1322: 1053:

who became his biographer, having become friends after Forster's review of his

762: 616: 588: 566: 481: 446: 4779: 4348: 3374: 3338: 3149: 698:

the sublimest poem published in our language, between the last masterpiece of

335:

whose late night revels disturbed him and for whom he had an aversion. He was

183:

among them, steered by his lights'. Landor's prose is best represented by the

4928: 4774: 4739: 4729: 4709: 4641: 4591: 4456: 4446: 4231: 4206: 4094: 4068: 3956: 3737: 3608: 3214: 3144: 3119: 3109: 3064: 2764: 2388:. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 161–162. 2379: 2366: 1823: 1799: 1748: 1709: 1614: 923: 821: 806: 600: 492:

wrote "For loftiness of thought and language together, there are passages in

489: 327:

where he showed rebelliousness in his informal dress and was known as a "mad

124: 3966: 955:

with whom he got on extremely well. In 1831 he published a volume combining

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and returned to him afterwards, when Ablett persuaded him to contribute to

975: 475: 461: 401: 311: 272: 218: 180: 160: 4109: 1880:

A bibliography of his works, many of which are very rare, is included in:

820:

as did his brother Robert. At Tours he met Francis George Hare, father of

283:, Staffordshire and his mother was heiress to estates at Ipsley Court and 4759: 4626: 4476: 4073: 3976: 3920: 3727: 3593: 3297: 3229: 2963: 2824: 2783: 2732: 2605: 2517: 2201:"Calamus Ense Potentior Est: Walter Savage Landor's Poetic War of Words." 948: 750: 737:

Before going to Spain, he had been looking for a property and settled on

699: 517: 497: 396: 256: 232: 147: 104: 1297:

In 1849 he wrote a well-known epitaph for himself on his 74th birthday:

1137:). Landor was affectionately adapted by Dickens as Lawrence Boythorn in 620: 3880: 3199: 3179: 3169: 2818: 2655: 1890: 1670: 1655: 1634: 1522: 1450: 1058: 554: 292: 176: 1734:

Calamus Ense Potentior Est: Walter Savage Landor's Poetic War of Words

4541: 3870: 3752: 3084: 2803: 1610: 1496:"I shall never write again. Put out the lights and draw the curtains" 1478: 1142: 754: 667: 587:

Landor travelled the country in constant debt, spending much time at

2437: 372:£150 a year, and he was free to live at home or not, as he pleased. 4681: 2421: 2417: 1577: 983: 891: 729: 671: 2365:

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the

4353: 3104: 2695: 2327:

Hyder, C K. Swinburne as Critic. Routledge & Kegan Paul. 1972

1601:

Landor's "I Strove with None" is widely mentioned and discussed.

1377: 1062:

several other publications that year besides Pericles, including

919: 906:

and her husband were living at Florence and became firm friends.

576:

Landor's brother Robert helped with corrections and additions to

406: 384: 280: 268: 164: 2473:. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. 2349:

Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660-1851 by Rupert Gunnis p.173

1703: 1556:(replicated in the eleventh edition) and later published in his 1368:, which he dedicated to Dickens. Dickens in this year published 1247:

It is suitable that the vault be large and excessively decorated

2798: 1774:

Imaginary Conversations, Poems, Dialogues in Verse and Epigrams

1650: 813: 658:

The Spanish experience provided inspiration for the tragedy of

628: 348: 2486: 997:

and worked on the conversations which led to the volumes upon

359:

in pamphlet form of nineteen pages, respectfully dedicated to

1470: 1210: 1018: 883: 817: 581: 344: 172: 168: 156: 323:

objected to his fishing on his property. In 1793 he entered

2754: 2458: 887: 870: 631:

where he was nearly captured. A couple of months later the

332: 2141: 2139: 2137: 2135: 2133: 1997: 1995: 1993: 2455:

Robert Pinsky reads "On Seeing a Hair of Lucretia Borgia"

1488:"Heroic Idyls, with Additional Poems, English and Latin" 2295: 2293: 2130: 1990: 1533: 1459:"Walter Savage Landor and the Honourable Mrs Yescombe," 828: 1435: 1178:

Where stood fair Florence: there thy voice first blest

914:

authoritarian rule and endorse republican principles.

217:

of bizarre actions, he was successively thrown out of

2243:

Imaginary Conversations of Literary Men and Statesmen

1930:

Encyclopedia of the Romantic Era, 1760-1850, Volume 2

1633:, the second novel in her West Barsetshire series of 615:

In 1808 he had an heroic impulse to take part in the

275:. His birthplace, Eastgate House, became occupied by 2290: 2017:"Landor, Walter Savage (1775–1864), poet and author" 1764:

Selections from the Writings of Walter Savage Landor

1699: 1012: 607: 2015: 1881: 1359:Dost thou dream too? and are our dreams the same? 1100:"some of the pages are too delicious to turn over" 2213:John Sansom "Note for Brecon Beacons Park Society 1985:Andrew Crosse and the mite that shocked the world 1856:. Vol. XIV (9th ed.). pp. 278–280. 1669:, Academy Award-winning writer/director/producer 1432:, as well as continuing Imaginary Conversations. 1302:I strove with none, for none was worth my strife. 4926: 1366:Imaginary Conversations of the Greeks and Romans 1192:I urge, with fevered breast, the four-month day. 1166:There wert thou born, my Julia! there thine eyes 939:. It was at this time he became acquainted with 780:I really do think t'would be Gabell & Gabb. 1353:We joined our hands together and told our tale. 1349:Had flown away, and seas and realms been crost, 1170:And thence, my little wanderer! when the Spring 2438:Jean Field, 'Walter Savage Landor and Warwick' 1899:. Vol. 32. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1641:' song "Death and the Hobo," from their album 1386:Five Scenes on the Martyrdom of Beatrice Cenci 1317:However he was leading an active social life. 1174:Brought, while anemonies were quivering round, 999:"Shakespeare's Examinations for Deer Stealing" 894:in 1821. After two years in apartments in the 16:English writer, poet, and activist (1775–1864) 2502: 1345:That we were walking hand in hand thro' paths 1241:who was always lying about all over the place 1188:Dispels from mine its darkest cloud even now. 1186:But why revert to griefs? Thy sculptured brow 1184:Thy little hands could lighten were in store. 1176:And pointed tulips pierced the purple ground, 1172:Advanced, thee, too, the hours on silent wing 1153:, who sent him a dedicated copy of his work. 993:who later wrote about him. He was visited by 2172:"The Works and Life of Walter Savage Landor" 2026:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 1552:Swinburne wrote in the ninth edition of the 1428:, twelve consecutive poems in dialogue, and 1308:I warm'd both hands before the fire of Life; 1214:Brunswick had been distasteful to Landor. 2161:(1881) in the English Men of Letters series 2126:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. 1736:, Romanticism On the Net 4 (November 1996) 1357:And the cold marble cramps it; I dream one, 1355:And now thy hand hath slipt away from mine, 1245:George the fourth of that name of Britain. 1190:And all that Rumour has announced of grace! 387:that he became friendly with the family of 2509: 2495: 2447:"Petition of the Thugs for Toleration" at 1794:The Works and Life of Walter Savage Landor 1343:Severed so long from me! one morn I dreamt 1168:Return'd as bright a blue to vernal skies. 848:Inner courtyard of Palazzo Medici-Riccardi 776:Saw an omnibus driving downhill to a river 2370: 2316:. Pitkin Pictorials. p. unpaginated. 2314:The Collegiate Church of St Mary, Warwick 2145: 2001: 1967:, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London 1998 1932:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 643–644. 1840: 1426:Antony and Octavius: Scenes for the Study 1351:And much (alas how much!) by both endured 1341:And trembled when I wrote it; O my friend 1305:Nature I loved, and, next to nature, Art; 1243:– the worst member of the worst family – 1230:Arca ut decet ampla et opipare ornata est 1180:My ear, and sank like balm into my breast 778:And saved any couple to share his own cab 774:If the devil, a mighty old omnibus driver 724: 674:which led Landor to burn another tragedy 645:"Three letters to Don Francisco Riquelme" 4990:19th-century English non-fiction writers 4985:18th-century English non-fiction writers 1923: 1921: 1919: 1917: 1915: 1780:.*Charles Dickens, Bleak House (1852–53) 1654:, "The Spy Who Came In for a Cold One," 1537: 1444:His tomb in English Cemetery at Florence 1439: 1384:of various kind and merit, closing with 1347:Slippery with sunshine: after many years 1274:But when from earth the Fourth descended 1182:For many griefs had wounded it, and more 851: 843: 835: 728: 451: 441: 375: 146: 2245:by Walter Savage Landor, 2 vols., 1824" 2023:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2013: 1679: 1667:The Drunken Driver Has the Right of Way 1228:Georgius Britanniae Rex ejus nominis IV 1194:O! could I sleep to wake again in May. 869:Landor and his wife finally settled at 858:Portrait of the Countess of Blessington 4927: 2443:Landor House entry on Building History 2409:Works by or about Walter Savage Landor 2110: 2108: 2106: 2104: 2102: 2100: 2098: 2096: 2094: 2092: 2090: 2088: 1927: 1875:Letters and other Unpublished Writings 1424:In 1856 at the age of 81 he published 1164:Where Ugolino claspt his famisht sons. 1082:. At the end of the year he published 840:Walter Savage Landor by William Fisher 211: 142: 4856:Romanticism and the French Revolution 2490: 2086: 2084: 2082: 2080: 2078: 2076: 2074: 2072: 2070: 2068: 1912: 1867:(1973); introduction by Malcolm Elwin 1596: 1463:"Dry Sticks Fagoted by W. S. Landor," 1407:The redbreast to the sill for crumbs. 1405:Thrown on the gravel-walk; here comes 1401:From yonder elm, yet black with rain, 1339:Sophia! whom I seldom call'd by name, 2311: 1987:(Troubador Publishing, 2015), p. 215 1534:Review of Landor's work by Swinburne 1403:The cushat looks deep down for grain 1397:Sharp crocus wakes the froward year; 1266:George the First was always reckoned 1216: 427:Rose Aylmer, whom these wakeful eyes 1946:, Carcanet Press, Manchester, 1997 1436:Final tragedies and return to Italy 1413:The earliest of my friends is gone. 1399:In their old haunts birds reappear; 1364:In 1853 he published the collected 1311:It sinks, and I am ready to depart. 1127:of Penrice in Cornwall. Landor met 1034:which was published the next year. 565:which included the narrative poems 13: 2065: 1726: 1417:The few as dear, long wafted o'er, 1276:God be praised the Georges ended. 1268:Vile, but viler George the Second. 800:Commentary on the Memoires of Mr. 532:, who enlisted Landor to write in 414:Ah, what avails the sceptred race, 355:. Landor also wrote an anonymous 279:. His father inherited estates at 14: 5036: 4945:Alumni of Trinity College, Oxford 2393: 2230:National Portrait Gallery, London 1928:Murray, Christopher John (2004). 1690:National Portrait Gallery, London 1374:"The Last Fruit off an Old Tree," 1292:Walter Savage Landor- A Biography 1162:By that dejected city, Arno runs, 1017:Landor was 60 by now and went to 943:whom he included in volume IV of 935:, and was on intimate terms with 550:Poems from the Arabic and Persian 353:The Poems of Walter Savage Landor 267:Walter Savage Landor was born in 4995:English male non-fiction writers 4909: 4908: 2425: 2358: 2123:Dictionary of National Biography 1896:Dictionary of National Biography 1865:Landor: A Biographical Anthology 1702: 1409:Fly off! fly off! I can not wait 1013:England, Pericles and journalism 812:In 1814 Landor left England for 561:. In the same year he published 433:A night of memories and of sighs 299:, and although Landor's brother 277:The King's High School For Girls 244:And yet Landor was described by 37:Portrait of Walter Savage Landor 31: 4955:People educated at Rugby School 2516: 2471:Walter Savage Landor Collection 2343: 2330: 2321: 2305: 2281: 2272: 2267:Monographs: Personal and Social 2259: 2233: 2224: 2206: 2203:Romanticism On the Net Number 4 2193: 2177: 2164: 2151: 1684:A bust of Landor dated 1828 by 1502:, near the tomb of his friend, 1226:Familiae pessimae homo pessimus 1149:. He also became introduced to 922:helped by a generous loan from 706:) and the first masterpiece of 496:that will bear comparison with 420:What every virtue, every grace! 163:, political writings including 2187:(1803) quoted by Robert Super 2056: 2007: 1977: 1957: 1936: 1766:(1882); Golden Treasury series 1411:To welcome ye, as she of late. 1281:In 1846 he also published the 1249:as it contains all the Neros. 1: 5005:19th-century writers in Latin 5000:18th-century writers in Latin 4879:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog 2457:by Walter Savage Landor (via 2433:Poems by Walter Savage Landor 2418:Works by Walter Savage Landor 2400:Works by Walter Savage Landor 2336:Pullein-Thompson, Josephine. 2117:"Landor, Walter Savage" 1905: 1847:"Landor, Walter Savage" 1419:Await me on a sunnier shore. 1328:"Popery, British and Foreign" 1272:Any good of George the Third, 1232:Continet enim omnes Nerones. 1057:. Later that year he went to 909:The first two volumes of his 563:Poetry by the Author of Gebir 467:The House of Commons, 1793–94 262: 2050:UK public library membership 1621:inserted it in chapter 6 of 1508:Church of St Mary's, Warwick 1490:, described by Swinburne as 1224:Qui ubique et semper jacebat 1064:"Letter from a Conservative" 961:"High and Low Life in Italy" 423:Rose Aylmer, all were thine. 306:After attending a school at 7: 2477:Walter Savage Landor Papers 2424:(public domain audiobooks) 2372:Swinburne, Algernon Charles 2340:. Fidra Books, 2009, p. 109 1942:Pinsky, Robert, on Landor, 1842:Swinburne, Algernon Charles 1809:Charles L. Proudfit (ed.), 1695: 1617:" location 8,893 (Kindle). 902:. It was at this time that 694:Swinburne described it as: 10: 5041: 4975:19th-century English poets 4970:18th-century English poets 4796:Coleridge's theory of life 2014:Carnall, Geoffrey (2004). 1627:Josephine Pullein-Thompson 1543:Algernon Charles Swinburne 1516:Arnold Henry Savage Landor 1504:Elizabeth Barrett Browning 1500:English Cemetery, Florence 1270:And what mortal ever heard 1257:Landor's distaste for the 1096:Elizabeth Barrett Browning 4888: 4851:Romanticism and economics 4788: 4680: 4427: 4249: 4194: 4163: 4087: 4036: 3985: 3944: 3853: 3797: 3761: 3715: 3706: 3551: 3495: 3444: 3403: 3362: 3316: 3258: 3128: 3007: 2929: 2866:Manuel Antônio de Almeida 2848: 2839: 2725: 2593: 2524: 1415:Alas! almost my only one! 1049:Also in 1836, Landor met 733:Llanthony—Landor's estate 474:In 1798 Landor published 417:Ah, what the form divine! 100: 89: 69: 57: 42: 30: 23: 5015:British writers in Latin 2631:German historical school 2466:Leeds University Library 2255:: 508–519. January 1824. 2218:12 December 2007 at the 1743:Landor: Poetry and Prose 1220: 890:. He finally settled at 682:later wrote of the work 544:against the ministry of 430:May weep, but never see, 3278:Józef Ignacy Kraszewski 2385:Encyclopædia Britannica 2265:Richard Monkton Milnes 1853:Encyclopædia Britannica 1816:G. Rostrevor Hamilton, 1772:(1891–1893), comprises 1720:Imaginary Conversations 1554:Encyclopædia Britannica 1084:"Death of Clytemnestra" 1068:"A Satire on Satirists" 991:Richard Monckton Milnes 945:Imaginary Conversations 911:Imaginary Conversations 900:Imaginary Conversations 831:Imaginary Conversations 456:Pitt facing Fox across 393:The Progress of Romance 325:Trinity College, Oxford 251:Encyclopædia Britannica 186:Imaginary Conversations 118:Imaginary Conversations 94:Trinity College, Oxford 4965:British male essayists 4861:Romanticism in science 4816:Middle Ages in history 4811:List of Romantic poets 3523:Josiah Gilbert Holland 2032:10.1093/ref:odnb/15980 1837:(1954); reprinted 1977 1778:The Longer Prose Works 1757:English Men of Letters 1594: 1549: 1547:Dante Gabriel Rossetti 1473:and then at Florence. 1445: 1422: 1362: 1315: 1279: 1237: 1197: 1134:The Old Curiosity Shop 1036:"Pericles and Aspasia" 1023:"Pericles and Aspasia" 1003:"Pericles and Aspasia" 937:Charles Armitage Brown 866: 849: 841: 783: 734: 725:Llanthony and marriage 722: 692: 664:Julian, count of Ceuta 597:Select Icelandic poems 528:, party organiser for 471: 449: 440: 152: 4831:Romantic epistemology 4821:Opium and Romanticism 3390:Stojadinović-Srpkinja 2616:Counter-Enlightenment 2464:Archival material at 2376:Landor, Walter Savage 1887:Landor, Walter Savage 1787:(1958); reissued 1970 1741:E.K. Chambers (ed.), 1665:In his book of poems 1562: 1541: 1443: 1394: 1336: 1299: 1263: 1159: 1147:Walter Landor Dickens 875:Caroline of Brunswick 855: 847: 839: 771: 732: 696: 684: 676:"Ferranti and Giulio" 625:Joaquín Blake y Joyes 455: 445: 436:I consecrate to thee. 411: 395:by the Gothic author 150: 4895:Age of Enlightenment 2537:England (literature) 2481:John Rylands Library 2318:Guide to the church. 2249:The Quarterly Review 1835:Walter Savage Landor 1818:Walter Savage Landor 1680:Artistic recognition 1590:Pericles and Aspasia 1512:Daniel Willard Fiske 1125:Charles Graves-Sawle 1108:"Giovanna of Naples" 1021:, where he finished 953:Henry Crabb Robinson 941:Edward John Trelawny 792:the Duke of Beaufort 759:Bishop of St David's 633:Convention of Sintra 608:Napoleonic Wars and 202:unification of Italy 151:Walter Savage Landor 113:Walter Savage Landor 25:Walter Savage Landor 4950:People from Warwick 4846:Romantic psychology 2641:Hudson River School 2585:Sweden (literature) 2570:Russia (literature) 2312:King, Tony (1994). 1528:Robert Eyres Landor 1430:"Letter to Emerson" 1104:"Andrea of Hungary" 995:Ralph Waldo Emerson 649:Gustav IV of Sweden 548:. Landor published 458:St Stephen's Chapel 212:Summary of his life 143:Summary of his work 4980:English male poets 2831:White Mountain art 2772:Historical fiction 2580:Spain (literature) 1965:Lives of the Poets 1963:Schmidt, Michael, 1883:Sir Leslie Stephen 1785:Landor: A Replevin 1660:Christina Rossetti 1597:In popular culture 1550: 1446: 1239:Here lies a person 1080:Sir William Napier 867: 850: 842: 735: 713:Prometheus Unbound 472: 450: 285:Bishop's Tachbrook 153: 129:Giuseppe Garibaldi 4960:English essayists 4922: 4921: 4836:Romantic medicine 4806:List of romantics 4245: 4244: 3896:Felix Mendelssohn 3891:Fanny Mendelssohn 3702: 3701: 3416:Rosalía de Castro 3354:Soares dos Passos 2702:Transcendentalism 2666:Nazarene movement 2626:Düsseldorf School 2404:Project Gutenberg 2048:(Subscription or 2041:978-0-19-861412-8 1718:List of Landor's 1662:'s "A Birthday." 1648:In an episode of 1330:, and Letters to 1255: 1254: 1145:of Dickens's son 1116:George Saintsbury 1040:Peloponnesian War 680:Thomas de Quincey 530:Charles James Fox 310:, he was sent to 110: 109: 101:Literary movement 61:17 September 1864 5032: 5020:Occasional poets 4912: 4911: 4871:Evolution theory 3713: 3712: 2846: 2845: 2707:Ukrainian school 2511: 2504: 2497: 2488: 2487: 2459:poemsoutloud.net 2429: 2428: 2413:Internet Archive 2389: 2364: 2362: 2361: 2350: 2347: 2341: 2334: 2328: 2325: 2319: 2317: 2309: 2303: 2297: 2288: 2285: 2279: 2276: 2270: 2263: 2257: 2256: 2237: 2231: 2228: 2222: 2210: 2204: 2199:Titus Bicknell, 2197: 2191: 2181: 2175: 2168: 2162: 2155: 2149: 2143: 2128: 2127: 2119: 2112: 2063: 2060: 2054: 2053: 2045: 2019: 2011: 2005: 1999: 1988: 1981: 1975: 1961: 1955: 1940: 1934: 1933: 1925: 1900: 1861:Herbert van Thal 1857: 1849: 1811:Landor as Critic 1732:Titus Bicknell, 1712: 1707: 1706: 1607:The Razor's Edge 1603:Somerset Maugham 1483:Anthony Trollope 1455:Geraldine Hooper 1382:occasional poems 1332:Cardinal Wiseman 1312: 1306: 1259:House of Hanover 1217: 1121:Lady Blessington 1088:"The Pentalogia" 1032:"Literary Hours" 980:Samuel Coleridge 904:Lady Blessington 704:Samson Agonistes 535:The Morning Post 437: 431: 424: 418: 376:South Wales and 200:politics to the 64: 52: 50: 35: 21: 20: 5040: 5039: 5035: 5034: 5033: 5031: 5030: 5029: 5010:Neo-Latin poets 4925: 4924: 4923: 4918: 4917: 4906: 4898: 4884: 4841:Romantic poetry 4826:Romantic ballet 4801:German idealism 4784: 4750:Lacoue-Labarthe 4676: 4423: 4241: 4190: 4159: 4140:Rimsky-Korsakov 4083: 4032: 3981: 3940: 3849: 3793: 3757: 3698: 3547: 3491: 3440: 3399: 3358: 3312: 3254: 3195:Maria Edgeworth 3131: 3124: 3003: 2925: 2835: 2814:Romantic genius 2744:Gesamtkunstwerk 2721: 2682:Sturm und Drang 2589: 2520: 2515: 2426: 2396: 2359: 2357: 2354: 2353: 2348: 2344: 2335: 2331: 2326: 2322: 2310: 2306: 2298: 2291: 2286: 2282: 2277: 2273: 2264: 2260: 2239: 2238: 2234: 2229: 2225: 2220:Wayback Machine 2211: 2207: 2198: 2194: 2182: 2178: 2174:(8 vols., 1846) 2169: 2165: 2156: 2152: 2144: 2131: 2114: 2113: 2066: 2061: 2057: 2047: 2042: 2012: 2008: 2000: 1991: 1982: 1978: 1962: 1958: 1941: 1937: 1926: 1913: 1908: 1871:Stephen Wheeler 1830:(2001), a novel 1804:Landor's Poetry 1796:(8 vols., 1846) 1783:Malcolm Elwin, 1762:Sidney Colvin, 1729: 1727:Further reading 1708: 1701: 1698: 1688:is held in the 1682: 1643:Damn Fool Music 1623:The Sheep Queen 1599: 1536: 1438: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1414: 1412: 1410: 1408: 1406: 1404: 1402: 1400: 1398: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1354: 1352: 1350: 1348: 1346: 1344: 1342: 1340: 1314: 1310: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1303: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1271: 1269: 1267: 1251: 1248: 1246: 1244: 1242: 1240: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1227: 1225: 1223: 1196: 1193: 1191: 1189: 1187: 1185: 1183: 1181: 1179: 1177: 1175: 1173: 1171: 1169: 1167: 1165: 1163: 1151:Robert Browning 1129:Charles Dickens 1015: 929:William Hazlitt 863:Thomas Lawrence 834: 782: 779: 777: 775: 739:Llanthony Abbey 727: 653:Francis Burdett 613: 571:"The Phocaeans" 439: 435: 434: 432: 429: 428: 426: 425: 422: 421: 419: 416: 415: 381: 343:Landor went to 291:in reaction to 265: 239:Prince of Wales 214: 145: 137:Robert Browning 133:Charles Dickens 90:Alma mater 85: 62: 53:30 January 1775 48: 46: 38: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5038: 5028: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4937: 4920: 4919: 4899: 4891: 4890: 4889: 4886: 4885: 4883: 4882: 4875: 4874: 4873: 4868: 4858: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4792: 4790: 4789:Related topics 4786: 4785: 4783: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4722: 4717: 4712: 4707: 4702: 4697: 4692: 4686: 4684: 4678: 4677: 4675: 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4624: 4619: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4584: 4579: 4574: 4569: 4564: 4559: 4554: 4549: 4544: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4517:Gallen-Kallela 4514: 4509: 4504: 4499: 4494: 4492:David d'Angers 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4454: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4433: 4431: 4429:Visual 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B. Shelley 3238: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3226: 3223: 3221: 3220:Mary Robinson 3218: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3208: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3138: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3127: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3111: 3108: 3106: 3103: 3101: 3098: 3096: 3093: 3091: 3088: 3086: 3083: 3081: 3078: 3076: 3073: 3071: 3068: 3066: 3063: 3061: 3058: 3056: 3053: 3051: 3048: 3046: 3043: 3041: 3038: 3036: 3033: 3031: 3028: 3026: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3016: 3013: 3012: 3010: 3006: 3000: 2997: 2995: 2992: 2990: 2987: 2985: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2975: 2972: 2970: 2967: 2965: 2962: 2960: 2957: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2949:Chateaubriand 2947: 2945: 2942: 2940: 2937: 2936: 2934: 2932: 2928: 2922: 2919: 2917: 2914: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2904: 2902: 2899: 2897: 2894: 2892: 2889: 2887: 2884: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2869: 2867: 2864: 2862: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2853: 2851: 2847: 2844: 2842: 2838: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2826: 2822: 2820: 2817: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2802: 2800: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2779: 2778:Mal du siècle 2775: 2773: 2770: 2766: 2763: 2761: 2758: 2757: 2756: 2753: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2745: 2741: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2730: 2728: 2724: 2718: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2708: 2705: 2703: 2700: 2698: 2697: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2684: 2683: 2679: 2678: 2677: 2674: 2672: 2669: 2667: 2664: 2662: 2659: 2657: 2654: 2652: 2649: 2647: 2644: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2617: 2614: 2612: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2598: 2596: 2592: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2529: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2512: 2507: 2505: 2500: 2498: 2493: 2492: 2489: 2482: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2463: 2460: 2456: 2452: 2450: 2446: 2444: 2441: 2439: 2436: 2434: 2431: 2423: 2419: 2416: 2414: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2401: 2398: 2397: 2387: 2386: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2368: 2367:public domain 2356: 2355: 2346: 2339: 2333: 2324: 2315: 2308: 2302: 2296: 2294: 2284: 2275: 2268: 2262: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2244: 2236: 2227: 2221: 2217: 2214: 2209: 2202: 2196: 2190: 2186: 2180: 2173: 2170:John Forster 2167: 2160: 2154: 2147: 2142: 2140: 2138: 2136: 2134: 2125: 2124: 2118: 2111: 2109: 2107: 2105: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2097: 2095: 2093: 2091: 2089: 2087: 2085: 2083: 2081: 2079: 2077: 2075: 2073: 2071: 2069: 2059: 2051: 2043: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2024: 2018: 2010: 2003: 1998: 1996: 1994: 1986: 1980: 1974: 1973:9780297840145 1970: 1966: 1960: 1953: 1952:9781857543391 1949: 1945: 1939: 1931: 1924: 1922: 1920: 1918: 1916: 1911: 1898: 1897: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1879: 1876: 1872: 1869: 1866: 1862: 1859: 1855: 1854: 1848: 1843: 1839: 1836: 1832: 1829: 1825: 1824:Iain Sinclair 1822: 1819: 1815: 1812: 1808: 1805: 1801: 1800:Robert Pinsky 1798: 1795: 1792: 1789: 1786: 1782: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1761: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1749:Sidney Colvin 1747: 1744: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1731: 1730: 1722: 1721: 1716: 1715: 1711: 1710:Poetry portal 1705: 1700: 1693: 1691: 1687: 1677: 1674: 1672: 1668: 1663: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1652: 1646: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1619:Thomas Savage 1616: 1615:A Man in Full 1612: 1608: 1604: 1593: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1561: 1559: 1555: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1531: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1484: 1481:'s soldiers. 1480: 1474: 1472: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1442: 1433: 1431: 1427: 1420: 1393: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1380:, lyrics and 1379: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1360: 1335: 1333: 1329: 1324: 1320: 1313: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1288: 1284: 1277: 1262: 1260: 1250: 1236: 1233: 1219: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1208: 1207: 1200: 1195: 1158: 1154: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1141:. He was the 1140: 1136: 1135: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1072:"Terry Hogan" 1069: 1065: 1060: 1056: 1055:"Shakespeare" 1052: 1047: 1045: 1044:John Sterling 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1024: 1020: 1010: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 987: 985: 981: 977: 973: 969: 964: 962: 958: 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 934: 930: 925: 924:Joseph Ablett 921: 915: 912: 907: 905: 901: 897: 896:Medici Palace 893: 889: 885: 880: 879:Prince Regent 876: 872: 864: 861:. Painted by 860: 859: 854: 846: 838: 832: 829:Florence and 826: 823: 822:Augustus Hare 819: 815: 810: 808: 807:James Madison 804: 803: 797: 793: 788: 781: 770: 766: 765:and Gifford. 764: 760: 756: 752: 746: 744: 743:Monmouthshire 740: 731: 721: 719: 715: 714: 709: 705: 701: 695: 691: 689: 683: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 656: 654: 650: 646: 642: 638: 634: 630: 626: 622: 618: 611: 605: 602: 601:Lake District 598: 594: 590: 585: 583: 579: 574: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 551: 547: 543: 542: 537: 536: 531: 527: 523: 519: 514: 512: 508: 503: 499: 495: 491: 490:Sidney Colvin 487: 483: 479: 478: 469: 468: 463: 459: 454: 448: 444: 438: 410: 408: 404: 403: 398: 394: 390: 386: 379: 373: 369: 366: 362: 361:Earl Stanhope 358: 357:Moral Epistle 354: 350: 346: 341: 338: 334: 330: 326: 321: 317: 313: 309: 304: 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 282: 278: 274: 270: 260: 258: 253: 252: 247: 242: 240: 235: 234: 227: 224: 220: 209: 205: 203: 199: 194: 190: 188: 187: 182: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 149: 140: 138: 134: 130: 126: 125:Lajos Kossuth 121: 119: 114: 106: 103: 99: 95: 92: 88: 81: 78: 75: 74: 72: 68: 60: 56: 45: 41: 34: 29: 22: 19: 4907: 4900: 4893: 4877: 4597:Porto-Alegre 4251:Philosophers 4135:Rachmaninoff 3584:Chavchavadze 3574:Baratashvili 3334:João de Deus 3303:Wincenty Pol 3095:Küchelbecker 2823: 2789:Noble savage 2776: 2742: 2717:Wallenrodism 2694: 2680: 2611:Coppet group 2545:(literature) 2483:, Manchester 2383: 2345: 2337: 2332: 2323: 2313: 2307: 2300: 2283: 2274: 2266: 2261: 2252: 2248: 2242: 2235: 2226: 2208: 2200: 2195: 2188: 2184: 2179: 2171: 2166: 2158: 2153: 2121: 2058: 2021: 2009: 1984: 1979: 1964: 1959: 1943: 1938: 1929: 1894: 1874: 1864: 1851: 1834: 1833:R.H. Super, 1827: 1817: 1810: 1803: 1793: 1791:John Forster 1784: 1777: 1773: 1763: 1752: 1742: 1733: 1719: 1683: 1675: 1666: 1664: 1649: 1647: 1642: 1639:the Zatopeks 1630: 1622: 1605:used it in " 1600: 1589: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1558:Miscellanies 1557: 1553: 1551: 1545:, sketch by 1520: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1475: 1467: 1462: 1458: 1447: 1429: 1425: 1423: 1396: 1385: 1373: 1370:Bleak House, 1369: 1365: 1363: 1338: 1327: 1316: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1282: 1280: 1265: 1256: 1238: 1221: 1206:The Examiner 1204: 1201: 1198: 1161: 1155: 1138: 1132: 1112:"Fra Rupert" 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1092:"Pentameron" 1091: 1087: 1083: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1054: 1051:John Forster 1048: 1035: 1031: 1022: 1016: 1007:"Pentameron" 1006: 1002: 998: 988: 972:Charles Lamb 968:Lord Wenlock 965: 960: 956: 949:nightingales 944: 916: 910: 908: 868: 856: 830: 811: 799: 784: 773: 767: 751:nightingales 747: 736: 718:Count Julian 717: 711: 703: 697: 693: 688:Count Julian 687: 685: 675: 660:Count Julian 659: 657: 644: 614: 610:Count Julian 609: 596: 592: 586: 577: 575: 562: 558: 549: 539: 533: 526:Robert Adair 521: 515: 506: 502:John Forster 493: 485: 476: 473: 465: 462:Anton Hickel 413: 400: 392: 382: 377: 370: 356: 352: 342: 315: 312:Rugby School 305: 273:Warwickshire 266: 249: 243: 231: 228: 219:Rugby school 215: 206: 195: 191: 184: 181:Robert Frost 161:lyric poetry 154: 116: 112: 111: 63:(1864-09-17) 18: 4940:1864 deaths 4935:1775 births 4587:Michałowski 4419:Wackenroder 4384:F. Schlegel 4379:A. Schlegel 4155:Tchaikovsky 4044:Bortkiewicz 3916:R. Schumann 3911:C. Schumann 3876:Kalkbrenner 3845:Saint-Saëns 3150:Anne Brontë 3035:Eichendorff 3020:B. v. Arnim 3015:A. v. Arnim 2825:Weltschmerz 2784:Medievalism 2733:Blue flower 2661:Nationalist 2606:Bohemianism 2518:Romanticism 2241:"Review of 1891:Lee, Sidney 1770:C. G. Crump 1686:John Gibson 1609:", as does 1222:Heic jacet, 1139:Bleak House 1076:John Kenyon 802:Charles Fox 662:, based on 541:The Courier 518:Samuel Parr 484:, reviewed 397:Clara Reeve 389:Lord Aylmer 257:tyrannicide 233:Bleak House 105:Romanticism 96:(no degree) 4929:Categories 4462:Chassériau 4437:Aivazovsky 4145:Rubinstein 4130:Mussorgsky 4079:Wieniawski 4064:Paderewski 3906:Moszkowski 3689:Vörösmarty 3679:Shevchenko 3533:Longfellow 3457:Batyushkov 3452:Baratynsky 3421:Espronceda 3288:Mickiewicz 3283:Malczewski 3250:Wordsworth 3235:M. Shelley 3190:de Quincey 3055:Günderrode 2939:Baudelaire 2819:Wanderlust 2656:Lake Poets 2183:W Gifford 2052:required.) 1906:References 1671:Ethan Coen 1656:Ellis Rabb 1635:pony books 1523:Lord Byron 1451:sub judice 1287:Eliza Lynn 1059:Heidelberg 1005:, and the 933:Leigh Hunt 796:Lord Eldon 787:the Bishop 755:glow-worms 337:rusticated 293:George III 263:Early life 177:Ezra Pound 70:Occupation 49:1775-01-30 4902:Modernism 4562:Kiprensky 4522:Géricault 4507:Friedrich 4497:Delacroix 4472:Constable 4452:Bonington 4442:Bierstadt 4394:Senancour 4369:Schelling 4324:Lamennais 4319:Khomyakov 4284:Coleridge 4279:Chaadayev 4186:Stanković 4181:Mokranjac 4100:Balakirev 4059:Moniuszko 4008:Donizetti 4003:Cherubini 3901:Meyerbeer 3886:Marschner 3861:Beethoven 3774:Moscheles 3708:Musicians 3694:Wergeland 3659:Orbeliani 3614:Grundtvig 3518:Hawthorne 3487:Zhukovsky 3482:Vyazemsky 3467:Lermontov 3426:Gutiérrez 3385:Radičević 3349:Herculano 3273:Krasiński 3215:Radcliffe 3185:Coleridge 3160:E. Brontë 3155:C. Brontë 3085:Jean Paul 3080:Hölderlin 2969:Lamartine 2906:Magalhães 2896:Guimarães 2804:Pantheism 2794:Nostalgia 2646:Indianism 2594:Movements 2525:Countries 2374:(1911). " 1885:(1892). 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Walter Savage Landor

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