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in sexual intercourse with the prisoners, tolerated and encouraged violence, smuggled illegal drugs into the facilities, and that prison authorities denied required education and sufficient medical care. As of that month the prison had about 1,200 prisoners ages 13–22; the lawsuit said that half of the prisoners were incarcerated for non-violent offenses. By 2011 prisoners outnumbered Walnut Grove city residents by a 2:1 ratio. Two thirds of the prisoners had been convicted of non-violent offenses.
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378:, a major corruption investigation by the FBI. He is estimated to have been paid $ 1.47 million in bribes and kickbacks related to contracts which he had steered to certain prison management and other related companies during the previous decade. As part of his plea bargain, he cooperated with law enforcement in a continuing investigation in which several people have pleaded guilty and others have been convicted. Epps is due to be sentenced in May 2017.
169:(MDOC), which he had headed since 2002. The next day he and businessman Cecil B. McCrory, a former state legislator, were indicted on 49 federal counts of bribery and receiving kickbacks from for-profit companies operating and serving Mississippi prisons. In 2015, both men pleaded guilty; they assisted the investigation, under which numerous additional indictments and convictions have been achieved. In early 2017, McCrory was sentenced to
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noted that GEO Group had been investigated and strongly criticized during its management of the facility, and it failed to correct problems even after investigation started in relation to the 2010 class action suit. During the period of its contracts, GEO had donated more than $ 56,000 to
Mississippi elected officials. Months after the settlement, reports of violence at the Walnut Grove prison continued.
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security at the persistently short-staffed WGCF. He was questioned about the lines of authority for
Mississippi corrections policy. "All we can do is make a request," he said, adding GEO Group was "under no obligation" to provide sufficient staffing, according to the terms of its contract with the state. Judge Reeves found that state officials "repeatedly failed to monitor the contracts with GEO."
477:, has been conducted into allegations of corruption and kickbacks between state officials and private contractors. It started following investigation of sexual abuse of an inmate from the Walnut Grove Transition Center. The FBI investigation has resulted in numerous indictments and convictions by the US Attorney for the Southern District of Mississippi, including of Corrections Commissioner
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guidelines. Simmons had been paid a $ 10,000 monthly fee by AJA Management & Technical
Services Inc. of Jackson, Mississippi, for 18 months as it managed expansions of the Walnut Grove and East Mississippi state prisons. Simmons kicked back a portion of that monthly fee to Chris Epps, then Commissioner of the Department of Corrections. Simmons admitted bribing Epps from 2005 to 2014.
248:
Council for
Juvenile Correctional Administrators, a ratio of 1 to 10 or 12 is more common. In addition, prisoners were aging; by 2006 prisoners up to age 21 were housed there to complete sentences. The state assigned older prisoners in their early 20s to WGYCF following expansion of the prison to increase its capacity. These changes made conditions more harsh for the younger inmates.
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had been initially borrowed for the construction in 2001, and adding more debt for its subsequent expansions. As it backed the bonds, the state made its first payment as scheduled on August 1, 2016. The state borrowed $ 93.6 million for Walnut Grove in 2010. The state refinanced $ 61.2 million in 2016, and paid off at least $ 2.6 million of the principal on Aug. 1.
524:
Inc., the GEO Group, Inc. and
Management & Training Corporation, as well as providers of mental and physical health services, telephone, food and commissary services, and construction contractor AJA Management & Technical Services, Inc. as among companies from which he intended to seek recovery of the cost of state contracts, as required by state law.
146:(MTC), based in Utah. MTC's contract included operation of two other private prisons previously operated by GEO Group. This facility continued to be overseen by a court monitor; oversight was extended by the court after two riots occurred at the prison in 2014. The state closed the prison in September 2016 and is considering its adaptation for other purposes.
897:. Mississippi State University, February 2008. 0 (3/21). Retrieved on August 14, 2010. "Looking at the MDA profile, the population growth is impressive (year 2000 – 488, year 2006 – 1,424). However, we learned that most of this population growth has been due to the location and annexation of the Walnut Grove Youth Correctional Facility."
907:
798:
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The Civil Rights
Division of the Department of Justice continued with investigations of overall conditions and practices in the Mississippi state prison system, covering both privately operated and state facilities. These were noted in 2014 for "squalid conditions and violence by guards and inmates."
432:
magazine described the Walnut Grove
Correctional Facility as one of the ten worst prisons in the United States. The article did not include any response from the facility or the state. Efforts to improve conditions struggled against violence. In 2014 there were two major riots at Walnut Grove prison.
422:
SPLC attorney Owens said
Mississippi must take a tougher position on oversight in order to change conditions with a new for-profit operator. "The state takes the position that their hands are tied, that it's under the control of the private prison provider, and that's just not true," Owens said. "You
255:
annexed the prison site, resulting in an apparent, and dramatic, increase in the city's population, from 488 to 1,424. As of 2006 the prison housed 950 prisoners ages 12 to 21. The 200 prison guard jobs helped employ townspeople who had been laid off by closure of a local garment manufacturing plant.
160:
In
October 2010, the Department of Justice announced an investigation by the Civil Rights Division into conditions at WGYCF. A separate FBI investigation was started later into the Mississippi prison system related to contracts; extensive corruption was found. As a result of the latter investigation,
126:
The prison was one of six for which the state had contracts in the early 21st century with for-profit prison operators; this facility had a record of management problems. A 2010 federal prisoner class-action suit was filed over poor conditions and mistreatment here; it was settled in 2012. Settlement
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from 1996 to 2016. Constructed beginning in 1990, it was expanded in 2001 and later, holding male youth offenders. It had an eventual capacity of 1,649 prisoners, making it the largest juvenile facility in the country. Contracts for the facility's operations and services were among those investigated
528:
The state of
Mississippi has been defrauded through a pattern of bribery, kickbacks, misrepresentations, fraud, concealment, money laundering and other wrongful conduct." He continued, "These individuals and corporations that benefited by stealing from taxpayers must not only pay the state's losses,
523:
announced that he was filing civil suits against numerous contractors and individuals for damages and punitive damages, related to the contracts made by MDOC under Epps, as revealed in the federal investigation and convictions. The defendants included former Walnut Grove operators Cornell Companies,
454:
In mid-June 2016, the state announced it would close the WGCF for budget reasons, as the demand for prison spaces had declined; this took place on September 16, 2016. The closing of this facility is expected to have adverse economic effects in the town of Walnut Grove, which had been booming because
445:
To offset the costs of prisons and burgeoning growth in the incarceration rate, in 2014 state legislators passed a law providing a "sweeping plan" for alternatives to prison for some non-violent prisoners, such as monitored house arrest. This has resulted in a decline in the prison population in the
307:
the safety of young inmates, allowing a denial of required health care, and hiring guards who were known to have gang affiliations. Press reports indicated the jail was run by gangs whose members included corrupt prison staff. The US Justice Department said that rapes of younger inmates were common.
247:
Although the state increased the number of prisoners held at WGYCF, Cornell Companies did not adjust staffing appropriately. A state audit in 2005 showed the guard to prisoner ratio was 1 to 60, which was believed to contribute to the high rate of violence and abuses reported there. According to the
223:
In 2001, 321 prisoners were held at the WGYCF; all were 18 years of age or younger. Within several years, the state agreed to a contract to expand the facility and it housed more than 1,000 prisoners by 2009. In total, including the costs of its expansions, the Walnut Grove Correctional facility was
458:
After the MDOC moved the last 900 prisoners elsewhere, it said that it was considering using the Walnut Grove facility as an alternative to prison, to house parole violators, or adapt it as a reentry facility. The state of Mississippi remains responsible for the remaining balance owed on bonds that
349:
On April 20, 2012, the State of Mississippi announced that it would end its contracts with the GEO Group, as required in the terms of the class action settlement. In contrast, GEO announced the change as its decision due to the "financially underperforming" character of the facility. The DOJ report
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The Justice Department Civil Rights Division delivered its March 20, 2012, report directly to the governor's office and the court. It said that conditions at WGCF were "among the worst we have seen in any facility anywhere in the nation," characterizing both GEO and the MDOC's lassitude as ignoring
297:
National Prison Project filed a federal class-action lawsuit against GEO (which had acquired Cornell and taken over its contracts in Mississippi and elsewhere) and MDOC, saying that the prison authorities allowed abuses and negligence to occur at WGYCF. The lawsuit stated that prison guards engaged
533:
On May 18, 2017, Hood announced that the state had settled the first suit for two million dollars. Ten lawsuits in bribery schemes are pending. Those have accused at least 10 individuals and 11 out-of-state corporations of using so-called "consultants" to fix more than $ 800 million in Mississippi
196:
In the late 20th century, the Mississippi Department of Corrections (MDOC) began to contract with private companies to build and operate prisons in the state to meet rising demand, in part due to changes in sentencing guidelines. The first was opened in 1996. "By 2013, the system had four private
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On September 15, 2016, Biloxi consultant Robert Simmons was sentenced to seven years and three months for his part in the MDOC bribery scandal. Due to his cooperation with law enforcement and a clean prior record, the judge sentenced him to less than the nine years required by federal sentencing
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Sparkman, who is now retired, had testified in federal court that the MDOC contracts at the time did not define requirements for standards of staffing. Judge Reeves asked him what incentives GEO had to ensure that inmates were properly supervised. Sparkman said, "It's just standard terms of the
496:
Due to the unfolding case, the sentencing of Chris Epps, who pleaded guilty and cooperated with the investigators, was delayed to May 24–25, 2017. He was charged with receiving an estimated $ 1.47 million in bribes and kickbacks related to his steering of state contracts worth $ 800 million to
335:
Under the federal court decree, the state agreed to move youthful offenders (17 and under, plus some inmates under 20 who were classified as vulnerable) from the prison to more suitable locations that conformed to juvenile standards. Under federal court order, the state established a state-run
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Extensive testimony was heard in court related to the class action suit, including about the state's oversight of the privately run prisons. The state's Deputy Corrections Commissioner, Emmitt Sparkman, had testified in court hearings that the state lacked any authority to force GEO to upgrade
183:
years in federal prison. Epps was sentenced in May 2017 to nearly 20 years in prison; he had previously been indicted for receiving $ 1.47 million in bribes and kickbacks. In February 2017 the Mississippi State Attorney announced a civil suit against MTC, GEO Group and 13 other contractors and
263:
as director of the independent Walnut Grove Transition Center, despite his lack of any correctional facility experience. This halfway house for up to 150 prisoners, both male and female, was set up in buildings that MDOC leased from Cecil McCrory, a businessman, consultant to numerous prison
402:... has substituted one bad actor for another. The results are almost guaranteed to be the same. Private prisons have an inherent profit motive to not run facilities in a manner that's safe for the people there, and to shortcut staff and medical and mental health services whenever possible.
310:
The DOJ report said that the Walnut Grove Correctional Facility had "systematic, egregious, and dangerous practices exacerbated by a lack of accountability and controls", and stated that sexual misconduct there was "among the worst that we have seen in any facility anywhere in the nation".
393:
Stakeholders in the Walnut Grove federal class action suit questioned MDOC's decision in 2012 to outsource prison management to another troubled operator, given Mississippi's past problems with oversight in privately run prisons. Managing attorney Jody Owens of the
529:
but state law requires that they must also forfeit and return the entire amount of the contracts paid by the state. We are also seeking punitive damages to punish these conspirators and to deter those who might consider giving or receiving kickbacks in the future.
776:
217:, on land owned by the Walnut Grove Development Authority; this entity was administered by the town of Walnut Grove. The prison was designed as an all-male, youth correctional facility for all levels of custody, with an initial capacity of 321 prisoners.
455:
of prison jobs and revenue. Other financial considerations are the state's obligation to pay off the balance of the bonds that were issued to build the Walnut Grove C.F. The full bond debt for Walnut Grove ($ 153.98 million) has to be retired by 2028.
197:
prisons and the nation's second-highest incarceration rate." (Note: Tallahatchie County Correctional Facility was also still open in 2013, but it did not hold any Mississippi prisoners. CCA operated the facility under contracts to other states.)
358:
Sparkman said that MDOC would be making a new contract with a prison management company in 2012, and that it intended to include specific staffing requirements and financial penalties for failure to maintain these. At the time, Commissioner
389:
by three men convicted of violent crimes. Before they were captured, two of them committed a carjacking and two murders while on the run. Months later, the Arizona corrections director said there was little improvement in MTC's operations.
264:
management and related companies, and former state legislator. The MODC operated the transition center directly with its own staff. Sims also profited from the revenues of the 18 vending machines he had installed at the youth prison.
414:
six weeks later. MTC spokesperson Issa Arnita said the firm would be bringing in new management, including wardens and deputy wardens, but expected to retain many of the GEO guards. In addition, MTC gained a contract in 2013 for the
285:
that the department had started a civil rights investigation concerning the prison, in relation to its treatment of prisoners, to assess whether constitutional standards of prisoner safety and humane treatment were being maintained.
331:
of the Federal District Court wrote that an assessment of the WGYCF prison conditions "paints a picture of such horror as should be unrealized anywhere in the civilized world,"..."a cesspool of unconstitutional and inhuman acts."
187:
As of 2016, the state owes $ 121 million in bonded indebtedness for the construction and subsequent expansions of the Walnut Grove correctional facility. The MDOC has an "absolute and unconditional" obligation to pay that debt.
805:. August 2, 2009. Main A1. Retrieved on November 22, 2010. "Walnut Grove Youth Correctional Facility held 321 offenders in 2001 none of them older than 18. It has since swelled to 1225 holding offenders until they're 21."
340:
in Rankin County, for prisoners 17 and under, and 18 and 19-year-olds considered vulnerable. The facility is staffed and operated by state personnel. Operations were to be overseen by a federal court monitor.
363:, MDOC, said that the department believed it would be advantageous for the state to solicit a combined bid for all three prisons for which contracts were being offered. It awarded a 10-year contract to
481:; Cecil McCrory, a consultant and former state legislator; consultant Robert Simmons of Biloxi; and William Grady Sims, the mayor of Walnut Grove and director of the Walnut Grove Transitional Center.
426:
The Walnut Grove Corrections Facility, used only for adults, remained under court oversight, with a federal monitor providing regular reports on conditions. In May 2013, a series of articles in
127:
required immediate transfer of youth offenders to a state-run facility meeting juvenile justice standards. The court decree prohibited the state from subjecting any youthful offender to
367:
of Utah for all three private facilities. The public was not informed of the financial specifics of the contracts. In 2013 MDOC also awarded a 5-year contract to MTC for operation of
157:. GEO operated the facility, which housed juvenile prisoners convicted of felonies and sentenced as adults. Two-thirds of the prisoners had been convicted of non-violent offenses.
381:
MTC was then under contract to the state of Arizona for management of some of its prisons. That state found the company to have been responsible for neglect that enabled the July
327:
The US District Court, GEO Group, the state, and civil rights groups settled the federal class-action lawsuit with a court order dated March 26, 2012. In the court ruling, Judge
1739:
1568:
131:, the first time a federal court had so ruled. In addition, the state changed the mission of WGCF to hold adult prisoners only. The prison had been accredited twice by the
1504:
739:
423:
can't just have an agreement with somebody and say, 'OK, well, they're not doing what they're supposed to do.' If somebody doesn't pay their rent, you kick them out."
324:
agreement that they're to provide a safe facility." He continued, "Specific staffing requirements — no, sir, there's not any in the agreement that we have right now."
1319:
914:. December 25, 2006. Main A1. Retrieved on November 22, 2010. "The Walnut Grove Youth Correctional Facility houses 950 offenders between the ages of 12 and 21. "
1590:
1171:
267:
By 2009, Walnut Grove Correctional Facility had 1,225 prisoners. Cornell Companies operated the prison until August 12, 2010, when Cornell was bought by
1695:
1459:
1411:
755:
890:
271:, based in Florida. Mental and medical health services were provided by Health Assurance, and additional contractors provided food services, etc.
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1066:
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Counties and towns had vied to attract the private prisons, in hopes of stimulating economic development and providing jobs in rural areas.
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William Sims pleaded guilty to interfering with a witness and received a seven-month prison sentence, plus six months' home confinement.
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several individuals, seeking damages and punitive damages related to contracts made by figures convicted in the corruption case.
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certain businesses. Judge Wingate rejected McCrory's request to withdraw his plea; on February 2, 2017, he sentenced McCrory to
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84:
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As a result, the federal judge in the class action suit extended court oversight of the facility for an additional period.
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Walnut Grove received payment in lieu of taxes from the prison corporation; these monies made up 15% of its annual budget.
1535:, Southern Poverty Law Center, documents linked include settlement, DOJ 202 investigation report, court monitoring reports
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364:
275:
143:
89:
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708:
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1148:
971:
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was awarded the state contract to operate the prison in September 2003. It also received contracts to operate
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120:
20:
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years. The judge said his sentence and others may be reduced after other defendants were sentenced.
627:
1287:
1176:
428:
279:
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MTC took over the Walnut Grove facility on July 2, 2012. It took over operations of the state's
1525:"Re: Investigation of the Walnut Grove Youth Correctional Facility/ Walnut Grove, Mississippi"
1060:"Re: Investigation of the Walnut Grove Youth Correctional Facility/ Walnut Grove, Mississippi"
777:
Richard Fausset, "Indictment of Ex-Official Raises Questions on Mississippi’s Private Prisons"
652:
210:(WGYCF), which originally opened in March 2001 under a different operator. It was located in
1351:
1009:"Private Prison For Juveniles In Mississippi Plagued By Violence Despite Federal Settlement"
220:
In the same period, the state also contracted for private management of five other prisons.
614:
128:
8:
374:
Epps resigned in November 2014 and pleaded guilty in February 2015 to charges related to
211:
1398:
1215:
850:
565:
226:
111:
1094:"ACLU Sets Record Straight on Chronology of GEO's Mississippi For-Profit Youth Prison"
328:
233:
203:
150:
1093:
259:
In 2009, William Grady Sims, mayor of Walnut Grove since 1981, was appointed by the
967:
240:, intended to provide intensive treatment for prisoners who were mentally ill, and
162:
764:, Amanda Albright and Darrell Preston, October 3, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2016.
1685:
Above facilities are male-only unless noted by ♂♀ (both sexes) or ♀ (female only)
1358:
1256:
1013:
659:
593:"Walnut Grove Correctional Facility | Mississippi Department of Corrections"
142:, replacing it in 2012 with a 10-year contract with another for-profit operator,
398:(SPLC), who had led youth justice reform efforts in Mississippi, said the state
1509:
1505:"Walnut Grove prison sits empty. Could reopening it save Mississippi millions?"
1494:
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1416:
1274:
760:
1115:
1728:
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1211:
Associated Press, "Analysis: As Prison Closes, State Still Reckons with Debt"
371:. The value of the contracts was later revealed to be $ 60 million annually.
282:
1032:"Privately Run Mississippi Prison, Called a Scene of Horror, is Shut Down"
153:
as a facility for youthful offenders. In 2010 Cornell was acquired by the
1601:
617:." Mississippi Department of Corrections. Retrieved on November 21, 2010.
1559:
Privately Run Mississippi Prison, Called a Scene of Horror, Is Shut Down
1304:
Privately Run Mississippi Prison, Called a Scene of Horror, Is Shut Down
1288:"Prison sentence was the real price of consultant’s bribery conviction"
478:
462:
360:
740:
ex-MDOC Commissioner Chris Epps, wife must pay $ 69,489 in state taxes
1310:, Timothy Williams, September 15, 2016. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
1065:. U.S. Department of Justice: Civil Rights Division. March 20, 2012.
268:
154:
139:
1320:
Former Mayor of Walnut Grove Sentenced for Federal witness tampering
662:." Management and Training Corporation. Retrieved on March 23, 2013.
1527:, U.S. Department of Justice: Civil Rights Division, March 20, 2012
1270:
Emily LeCoz, "Epps probe, "Mississippi Hustle" started sex scandal"
819:"Re: Investigation of the Walnut Grove Youth Correctional Facility"
724:
Timothy Williams, "Chief Quits as Mississippi Prisons Face Inquiry"
520:
1260:, Jeff Amy (AP), September 20, 2016. Retrieved September 22, 2016.
926:"The GEO Group Closes $ 730 Million Merger with Cornell Companies"
700:
Byrd, Sheila. "Suit attacks conditions at Miss. juvenile lockup."
1381:, Jimmie E. Gates, February 3, 2017. Retrieved February 4, 2017.
1365:, Jeff Amy (AP), December 21, 2016. Retrieved December 22, 2016.
1342:, Jimmie E. Gates, November 1, 2016. Retrieved November 3, 2016.
756:"Municipal prison bonds turn to junk as inmate population falls"
473:
A related five-year federal investigation, named by the FBI as
1294:, Anita Lee, September 15, 2016. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
224:
the most costly private prison in the state, according to the
1402:, Jimmie E. Gates, February 8, 2017. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
149:
From 2003 to 2010, the prison was operated for the state by
1539:"Gangs Ruled Prison as For-Profit Model Put Blood on Floor"
1532:
C.B., et al. v. Walnut Grove Correctional Authority, et al.
1352:"Judge rejects try to withdraw plea in prison bribery case"
1252:"State says it will seek other uses for just-closed prison"
1198:, Megan Wright, June 7, 2012. Retrieved September 24, 2016.
972:
Lawsuit attacks ‘barbaric’ conditions at state youth prison
294:
1475:"Walnut Grove mayor: Prison closure could cripple MS town"
1231:"Walnut Grove mayor: Prison closure could cripple MS town"
119:
in its lengthy investigation of state corruption known as
846:
Arielle Dreher, "Walnut Grove Prison is officially closed
677:"Miss. Prison Operator Out; Facility Called A 'Cesspool'"
116:
1017:, Chris Kirkham, June 14, 2012. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
746:, Jimmie E. Gates, May 21, 2020. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
1190:"Utah company wins contract to run three state prisons"
1740:
Buildings and structures in Leake County, Mississippi
1336:
Ex-corrections head Epps won't be sentenced until May
549:
1158:. February 27, 2012. Retrieved on February 28, 2012.
978:, November 20, 2010. Retrieved on November 22, 2010.
954:. November 17, 2010. Retrieved on November 22, 2010.
463:
Operation Mississippi Hustle - federal investigation
353:
1219:, September 24, 2016. Retrieved September 26, 2016.
854:, September 15, 2016. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
440:
1394:Mississippi AG files lawsuits in Epps bribery case
1278:, November 22, 2014. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
873:"Town Relies On Troubled Youth Prison For Profits"
542:In November 2021 it reopened as a state facility.
519:On February 8, 2017, Mississippi Attorney General
1412:$ 2M settlement announced in Epps-related lawsuit
1726:
879:
793:
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610:
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289:In November 2010, plaintiffs represented by the
1326:, April 24, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2016.
1152:Groups Say Deal Reached in Juvenile Prison Suit
928:(Press release). Boca Raton, Florida: GEO Group
1458:Swayze, Royce; Pender, Geoff (June 10, 2016).
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786:
603:
1549:"Private prisons face suits, federal probes"
1457:
1180:. May 13, 2013. Retrieved on April 19, 2014.
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783:, November 16, 2014; accessed March 9, 2017
730:November 5, 2014, accessed January 30, 2016
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16:Former prison in Mississippi, United States
1644:South Mississippi Correctional Institution
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1577:
1460:"MDOC closing private Walnut Grove prison"
866:
864:
862:
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301:
1670:Tallahatchie County Correctional Facility
1639:Mississippi State Penitentiary (Parchman)
1622:Central Mississippi Correctional Facility
1490:"Walnut Grove: Prison loss 'devastating'"
1116:"CHARLESTON DEPRIEST v. CHRISTOPHER EPPS"
1049:
841:
839:
767:
514:
338:Central Mississippi Correctional Facility
1420:, May 18, 2017. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
1172:America's 10 Worst Prisons: Walnut Grove
1161:
1030:Williams, Timothy (September 16, 2016).
1029:
1020:
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962:
960:
719:
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208:Walnut Grove Youth Correctional Facility
104:Walnut Grove Youth Correctional Facility
1389:
1387:
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1128:from the original on September 13, 2014
870:
857:
696:
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446:state, with a surplus of beds by 2016.
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1665:East Mississippi Correctional Facility
1502:
1487:
1472:
836:
813:
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417:Wilkinson County Correctional Facility
408:East Mississippi Correctional Facility
369:Wilkinson County Correctional Facility
238:East Mississippi Correctional Facility
1770:2016 disestablishments in Mississippi
1634:Marshall County Correctional Facility
1607:Mississippi Department of Corrections
1572:
1435:Mississippi Department of Corrections
1263:
957:
824:. United States Department of Justice
714:
670:
668:
633:. Management and Training Corporation
412:Marshall County Correctional Facility
344:
261:Mississippi Department of Corrections
242:Marshall County Correctional Facility
167:Mississippi Department of Corrections
85:Mississippi Department of Corrections
1760:Private prisons in the United States
1675:Wilkinson County Correctional Center
1431:"Walnut Grove Correctional Facility"
1384:
1375:Cecil McCrory sentenced to 8.5 years
1201:
1108:
923:
733:
691:
628:"Walnut Grove Correctional Facility"
1750:Management and Training Corporation
1170:Ridgeway, James and Jean Casella. "
808:
674:
365:Management and Training Corporation
276:United States Department of Justice
144:Management and Training Corporation
90:Management and Training Corporation
13:
1765:2001 establishments in Mississippi
1649:Walnut Grove Correctional Facility
1503:Fowler, Sarah (January 10, 2019).
1451:
1072:from the original on June 11, 2014
924:Paez, Pablo E. (August 12, 2010).
665:
138:MDOC terminated its contract with
100:Walnut Grove Correctional Facility
28:Walnut Grove Correctional Facility
14:
1781:
1755:Political scandals in Mississippi
1518:
1091:
908:Inmates get jobs in pilot program
711:. Retrieved on November 22, 2010.
354:Announcement of contract with MTC
133:American Correctional Association
1745:Infrastructure completed in 2001
1600:
1229:Spender, Geoff (June 13, 2016).
871:Burnett, John (March 25, 2011).
559:
441:2014 State changes to sentencing
165:resigned as commissioner of the
110:. It was formerly operated as a
1488:Bryant, Mollie (July 9, 2016).
1473:Pender, Geoff (June 13, 2016).
1423:
1405:
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1329:
1324:Federal Bureau of Investigation
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585:
387:Arizona State Prison – Kingman
106:(WGYCF), is a state prison in
1:
799:Youth Center population aging
579:
484:
112:for-profit state-owned prison
1195:Mississippi Business Journal
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475:Operation Mississippi Hustle
469:Operation Mississippi Hustle
376:Operation Mississippi Hustle
121:Operation Mississippi Hustle
21:Operation Mississippi Hustle
7:
1628:Delta Correctional Facility
545:
396:Southern Poverty Law Center
291:Southern Poverty Law Center
10:
1786:
1658:Privately operated prisons
1357:December 22, 2016, at the
466:
449:
383:2010 Arizona prison escape
336:youthful offender unit at
191:
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574:Prison–industrial complex
215:Leake County, Mississippi
135:, most recently in 2012.
108:Walnut Grove, Mississippi
80:
72:
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43:Walnut Grove, Mississippi
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948:Private prison firm sued
315:Settlement and aftermath
653:Mississippi Corrections
302:DOJ report - March 2012
280:Governor of Mississippi
1735:Prisons in Mississippi
531:
515:State civil suit- 2017
404:
1711:32.58250°N 89.44583°W
707:. November 16, 2010.
526:
400:
251:By 2006, the town of
615:Five Private Prisons
129:solitary confinement
1716:32.58250; -89.44583
1707: /
1565:September 15, 2016.
1563:The New York Times.
1553:The Clarion-Ledger.
705:The Washington Post
278:officials informed
29:
1399:The Clarion-Ledger
1216:Jackson Free Press
1096:. commondreams.org
952:The Clarion Ledger
946:Mitchell, Jerry. "
912:The Clarion Ledger
851:Jackson Free Press
803:The Clarion Ledger
797:Mitchell, Jerry. "
744:The Clarion-Ledger
658:2013-06-25 at the
534:prison contracts.
345:Operations at WGCF
227:Jackson Free Press
76:September 16, 2016
27:
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1555:October 15, 2014.
1150:Associated Press,
895:First Impressions
702:Associated Press,
329:Carlton W. Reeves
274:In October 2010,
234:Cornell Companies
204:Cornell Companies
161:in November 2014
151:Cornell Companies
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1699:32°34′57″N
1543:Bloomberg,
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580:References
485:Sentencing
479:Chris Epps
361:Chris Epps
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932:March 16,
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637:March 24,
538:Reopening
385:from the
269:GEO Group
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