582:. Twenty-two years later, the German royal set about bringing a piece of Naples to Germany; he had his architect build a brick inner building nearly five stories high and cover it with local boulders. At the top, a hollow cone was made and contained a high chamber, complete with three fireplaces and a roof that contained an "artificial crater" that could be filled with water. He then constructed a lake around the volcano and invited his friends to watch an eruption. Only contemporary accounts detail what the 18th-century artificial eruption would have been like, but the practice still takes place today, complete with modern effects, after the island was restored to its past glory.
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570:. Rousseau saw agriculture as the basis of everyday life and pointed out to educational functions of the natural landscape. Unsurprisingly, the most elegant landscape in the area is Rousseau Island in Neumark's Garden, scored to imitate the island at Ermenonville Park where the philosopher was buried.
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As early as 1765, Leopold III began to make architectural and landscape changes to the countryside in order to realize these ideals. The Wörlitz gardens served as the starting point of the programme, becoming the first landscape garden in continental Europe. Over the next 40 years, Leopold adapted or
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on the continent. According to the ideals of Duke
Leopold III the park would also serve as an educational institution in architecture, gardening and agriculture, therefore large parts were open to the public from the beginning. Most buildings were designed by Erdmannsdorff, while the gardens were
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Großkühnau Castle marks the western end of the Garden Realm. It was built in 1780 for Albert of Anhalt-Dessau, a younger brother of Duke
Leopold III, at Kühnau Lake. The park includes several artificial islands, fruit tree orchards and a vineyard. Today the castle is the seat of the
754:. The rooms on the ground floor and first story are decorated with ornate stucco decorations and wall paintings. Nearby is the neogothic Snake House, which was used as a holiday home and tea-house. The orangery at the Snake House draws its design from London's
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Minor structures of the Garden Realm, stretching for some 25 km, had far-reaching ramifications in architecture of
Central Europe. The "Gothic House", started by Erdmannsdorff in 1774, modeled on the villa of
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An island on the artificial Wörlitz Lake features Europe's only artificial volcano. When
Leopold III went on a grand tour of Europe in the 1760s, he was captivated by a trip to Naples in which he saw a smouldering
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woodland north of Dessau, the palace features an
English garden with several monuments. The garden is the second largest within the Garden Kingdom aside from the Wörlitz gardens. Today the Georgium hosts the
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The original
Oranienbaum Palace was finished in 1683 as the summer residence of Henriette Catharina, where she retired after the death of her husband in 1693. The rich furnishing includes
368:. Because of its exceptional landscape design and testimony to the ideals of the Age of Enlightenment, the Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm was designated as a world heritage site in 2000.
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developed several other parks and palaces to fit the
Enlightenment aesthetic, including the Oranienbaum Palace, Georgium Castle, Mosigkau Castle, and Großkühnau Castle.
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plants. Oranienbaum Palace together with the park and the geometrical settlement conception forms one of the few original Dutch
Baroque town layouts in Germany. Queen
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508:. The gardens are protected from floods of the Elbe river in the north by a dam which is also a belt-walk offering numerous views along the park's sight lines.
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built in 1795. In the early years of the following century, the landscape was enriched with the Neo-Gothic churches in the neighbouring villages of
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under the supervision of architect
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was built, with 175 m (574 ft) in length one of the largest in Europe, which still serves to protect a wide collection of
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In 1780, John George (1748-1811), a younger brother of Duke
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across Europe. The tour (in particular the ancient architecture of Italy and the English landscape gardens), and the ideals of
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laid out by Johann Friedrich Eyserbeck (1734-1818), a garden architect who was indebted to such English antecedents as
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In 1758, Prince Leopold III became the Duke of Anhalt-Dessau, and five years later he and his friend, the architect
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they encountered abroad heavily influenced their artistic tendencies. The two men aimed to move from the
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river, making it rich in water and diversity. It was laid out between 1769 and 1773 as one of the first
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building in present-day Germany. The palace and its interior with valuable cabinets from the studio of
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The grounds, which had been divided into four parts since the construction of a railway line and the
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style as a country home according to plans by Erdmannsdorff with adjacent gardens, pastures and a
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St Peter's Church in the west with its 66 m (217 ft) tall steeple was finished in 1809.
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The Gardens had its origin in the 17th century, when the marriage of Leopold's great-grandfather
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Wörlitz Palace finished in 1773, the residence of Duke Leopold and his wife Louise of
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of Dessau-Wörlitz encompasses an area of 142 km (55 sq mi) within the
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porcelain were publicly accessible. Louise had her private home in the adjacent
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in the 1930s, were designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000.
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in 1673. The Dutch influence remained prevalent in the Principality of
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914:. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
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underlie the design of the park and will lead to the creation of
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Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square
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era to a more naturalistic landscape, as they had seen at
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Continental gardens in the English Landscape Garden style
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Mosigkau Palace in the west of Dessau is one of the few
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and would have heard about the newly-discovered town of
999:"That Time a German Prince Built an Artificial Volcano"
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to the Dutch princess Henriette Catharina, daughter of
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Collegiate Church, Castle, and Old Town of Quedlinburg
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built in 1790 as a rotunda modeled after the ancient "
802:, stemming from Duke John George's II union with the
681:, inspected the restoration works on 3 March 2004.
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1249:Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau
269:Location of Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm in Germany
1108:For official site names, see each article or the
1028:Official site of the Dessau-Woerlitz Garden Realm
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1398:Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen
1329:Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at Brühl
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1038:Official Site of Kulturstiftung Dessau-Wörlitz
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1820:1769 establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
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880:Wörlitz Lake and Church St. Petri in Wörlitz
62:introducing citations to additional sources
298:Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm (Saxony-Anhalt)
1485:Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps
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1438:Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura
786:. It was built between 1752 and 1757 for
146:Amalia's Grotto in the gardens of Wörlitz
1447:Frontiers of the Roman Empire in Bavaria
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328:in Germany, located between the city of
52:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1344:Carolingian Westwork and Civitas Corvey
1189:Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin
1111:List of World Heritage Sites in Germany
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1475:Old Town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof
1423:The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier
1001:. Smithsonian Magazine. Archived from
969:"The Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz"
706:collection of art, including works by
378:Prince John George II of Anhalt-Dessau
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1179:Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin
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29:
1455:Upper Germanic & Rhaetian Limes
1269:Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region
479:lies adjacent to the small town of
413:Friedrich Wilhelm von Erdmannsdorff
24:
1202:Upper Harz Water Management System
908:"Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz"
868:The Rock Island and Villa Hamilton
761:
684:
25:
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1815:Historic house museums in Germany
1043:Description and fotos (in German)
1033:Official site of the Wörlitz Park
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784:Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff
738:Luisium Castle is located in the
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527:as well as a large collection of
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354:Duke Leopold III of Anhalt-Dessau
1428:Augsburg Water Management System
1418:Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch
1137:Berlin Modernism Housing Estates
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937:"The Gartenreich Dessau-Wörlitz"
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788:Anna Wilhelmine of Anhalt-Dessau
641:and a dining room equipped with
382:Prince Frederick Henry of Orange
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45:relies largely or entirely on a
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1795:World Heritage Sites in Germany
1284:Muskauer Park / Park Mużakowski
997:Andrew Curry (30 August 2012).
649:, according to the theories of
340:. One of the first and largest
1825:Cultural landscapes of Germany
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27:World Heritage Site in Germany
13:
1:
1451:Frontiers of the Roman Empire
1162:Archaeological Border Complex
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825:Kulturstiftung Dessau-Wörlitz
782:, which had been designed by
362:Middle Elbe Biosphere Reserve
203:14,500 ha (36,000 acres)
73:"Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm"
1470:Monastic Island of Reichenau
971:. Tourist Information Dessau
912:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
318:Dessau-Wörlitzer Gartenreich
7:
1460:Maulbronn Monastery Complex
1254:Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm
841:Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm
794:. The ensemble includes an
471:Artificial volcano erupting
314:Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm
126:Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm
10:
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675:Beatrix of the Netherlands
564:Johann Joachim Winckelmann
133:UNESCO World Heritage Site
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1480:Pilgrimage Church of Wies
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1388:Great Spa Towns of Europe
1354:Upper Middle Rhine Valley
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1146:Roland on the Marketplace
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806:, that features works by
798:and an art collection of
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301:Show map of Saxony-Anhalt
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173:Cultural: (ii), (iv)
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1810:Museums in Saxony-Anhalt
1780:Gardens in Saxony-Anhalt
1775:Castles in Saxony-Anhalt
1184:Hanseatic City of Lübeck
800:Flemish Baroque painting
1443:Mathildenhöhe Darmstadt
1198:Historic Town of Goslar
1151:Fagus Factory in Alfeld
1132:ADGB Trade Union School
720:Lucas Cranach the Elder
364:in the German state of
1609:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1510:Messel Pit Fossil Site
1465:Margravial Opera House
1363:Cathedral of St. Peter
804:House of Orange-Nassau
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506:Stowe Landscape Garden
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463:Gothic House (Wörlitz)
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1515:Ancient Beech Forests
1334:Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe
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562:and the aesthetic of
560:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
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231:51.84250°N 12.42083°E
1800:Landmarks in Germany
1393:Völklingen Ironworks
1349:Lower Germanic Limes
1273:Luther Memorials in
1223:Historic Centres of
1194:Mines of Rammelsberg
1170:St. Michael's Church
1166:St. Mary's Cathedral
1086:World Heritage Sites
651:Sir William Chambers
400:, which was renamed
58:improve this article
1260:Dresden Elbe Valley
1211:Kontorhaus District
856:View from a gondola
513:Brandenburg-Schwedt
408:for many decades.
326:World Heritage Site
273:Show map of Germany
227: /
127:
1785:Gardens in Germany
1367:Church of Our Lady
1289:Naumburg Cathedral
1264:(delisted in 2009)
790:, the daughter of
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639:leather wallpapers
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633:Oranienbaum Palace
558:The philosophy of
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358:cultural landscape
322:cultural landscape
236:51.84250; 12.42083
125:
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1384:, Worms and Mainz
1339:Cologne Cathedral
818:Großkühnau Castle
808:Peter Paul Rubens
537:Wörlitz Synagogue
421:The Enlightenment
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1548:Shared with the
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1532:Shared with the
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1376:Speyer Cathedral
1324:Aachen Cathedral
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1304:Classical Weimar
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1005:on 19 April 2013
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712:old master print
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665:. In 1811, the
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541:Temple of Vesta
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43:This article
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1706:Shared with
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1009:25 September
1007:. Retrieved
1003:the original
973:. Retrieved
940:. Retrieved
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748:Neoclassical
742:district of
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1695:Netherlands
1681:Switzerland
1583:Switzerland
770:palaces in
756:Kew Gardens
643:Delft tiles
625:Oranienbaum
606:(1800) and
533:Graues Haus
402:Oranienbaum
316:, (German:
234: /
209:Coordinates
191:2000 (24th
188:Inscription
1769:Categories
1520:Wadden Sea
1279:Wittenberg
1174:Hildesheim
889:References
553:Neo-Gothic
417:Grand Tour
222:12°25′15″E
219:51°50′33″N
84:newspapers
1225:Stralsund
1215:Chilehaus
1160:Danevirke
776:Sanssouci
752:stud farm
740:Waldersee
659:tea house
608:Vockerode
502:Stourhead
498:Claremont
485:anabranch
433:Stourhead
398:Nischwitz
178:Reference
114:July 2010
54:talk page
1715:Slovakia
1669:Slovenia
1663:Slovakia
1615:Bulgaria
1577:Slovenia
1409:Southern
1275:Eisleben
1158:and the
1123:Northern
796:orangery
699:riparian
667:orangery
610:(1811).
600:Pantheon
529:Wedgwood
169:Criteria
153:Location
1741:Czechia
1735:Belgium
1729:Austria
1709:Austria
1701:Denmark
1687:Ukraine
1657:Romania
1621:Croatia
1603:Belgium
1597:Austria
1591:Albania
1559:Austria
1501:Natural
1315:Western
1240:Central
1219:Hamburg
1092:Germany
835:Gallery
780:Potsdam
714:of his
604:Riesigk
580:Pompeii
568:follies
521:Abraham
487:of the
481:Wörlitz
429:Baroque
346:Germany
334:Wörlitz
320:) is a
193:Session
162:Germany
98:scholar
1805:Dessau
1723:France
1651:Poland
1633:France
1565:France
1543:Poland
1382:Speyer
1229:Wismar
1156:Hedeby
975:14 Aug
942:14 Aug
918:14 Aug
768:Rococo
744:Dessau
718:- and
704:Anhalt
671:citrus
663:pagoda
661:and a
619:ICOMOS
483:at an
390:Oranje
372:Origin
350:Europe
330:Dessau
182:534rev
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1747:Italy
1675:Spain
1639:Italy
1571:Italy
1371:Trier
1213:with
386:Dutch
105:JSTOR
91:books
1712:and
1698:and
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1580:and
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1168:and
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810:and
657:, a
523:and
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489:Elbe
324:and
312:The
200:Area
77:news
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