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830:. In July 1966, Komarov was reprimanded by Kamanin for his unauthorised disclosure, while in Japan, that "the Soviet Union will, at the scheduled time, fly an automated spacecraft around the Moon and return it to (the) Earth, to be followed by a dog flight, then a manned circumlunar flight." The following month Komarov clashed with other engineers over ongoing design problems in which zero-G tests showed that the Soyuz module hatch was too small to allow the safe exit of a fully suited cosmonaut. Meanwhile, Komarov and his fellow cosmonauts had their groups and assignments constantly revised, and they became increasingly anxious about the lack of response to their concerns about the design and manufacture of the spacecraft, which Yuri Gagarin had raised in a letter on their behalf to
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led to instant disqualification. Since
Komarov already held engineering qualifications, he was allowed to remain in the program after assuring the administration he would be able to catch up. He continued with the required academic studies while recovering. He returned to training in October, because his recovery was more rapid than medical staff had expected. During that time he assisted his younger peers with their academic studies; earning him the casual nickname of "The Professor," which he shared with Belyayev, who was two years his senior. In 1961 the first space flights began. By 1962, Komarov was the third-highest-paid cosmonaut, due to his qualifications, rank and experience. He earned 528
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951:, Yuri Gagarin alluded to the failure of the administration to listen to the concerns about the Soyuz module that the cosmonaut corps had identified, and maintained that Komarov's death should teach the establishment to be more rigorous in its testing and evaluation of "all the mechanisms of the spaceship, even more attentive to all stages of checking and testing, even more vigilant in our encounter with the unknown. He has shown us how dangerous the pathway to space is. His flight and his death will teach us courage." In May 1967, Gagarin and Leonov criticised program head
849:. The HF (high frequency) communications are not working. I cannot orient the spacecraft to the sun. I tried orienting the spacecraft manually using the DO-1 orientation engines, but the pressure remaining on the DO-1 has gone down to 180." Komarov tried unsuccessfully to orient the Soyuz module for five hours. The craft was transmitting unreliable status information, and lost communications on orbits 13 through 15 due to the failure of the high frequency transmitter that should have maintained radio contact while the craft was out of range of the
942:: "For the forerunners it is always more difficult. They tread the unknown paths and these paths are not straight, they have sharp turns, surprises and dangers. But anyone who takes the pathway into orbit never wants to leave it. And no matter what difficulties or obstacles there are, they are never strong enough to deflect such a man from his chosen path. While his heart beats in his chest, a cosmonaut will always continue to challenge the universe. Vladimir Komarov was one of the first on this treacherous path."
575:(a diminutive of his first name). Pavel Popovich noted that Komarov was respected for his humility and experience: "he was already an engineer when he joined us, but he never looked down on the others. He was warm-hearted, purposeful and industrious. Volodya's prestige was so high that people came to him to discuss all questions: personal as well as questions of our work." Fellow cosmonaut Alexei Leonov described him as "very serious. He was a first-class test pilot."
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465:. "If the criteria had been different," the cosmonaut trainer Mark Gallai noted in an interview, "Certainly Komarov, who was very intelligent, would have been in the group. He had Air Force Academy flight experience. He greatly influenced the design of the 'Vostok' and 'Voskhod'." At age 32, Komarov was the second oldest of the pilots chosen; Korolev had specified a maximum age of 27. Only two members of the first group,
845:, both cosmonauts were working twelve- to fourteen-hour days. On orbital insertion, the solar panels of the Soyuz module failed to fully deploy thereby preventing the craft from being fully powered and obscuring some of the navigation equipment. Komarov reported: "Conditions are poor. The cabin parameters are normal, but the left solar panel didn't deploy. The electrical bus is at only 13 to 14
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560:. The training groups were formed for later Vostok missions (Vostok 7–13), but no actual crews were assigned and the missions did not occur under the auspices of the original Vostok program. In December 1963, Komarov was shortlisted for flight by Kamanin with Volynov and Leonov, having completed two years of training.
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Scott – "We made a plaque for all the astronauts and cosmonauts that had been killed. And a little figurine, a Fallen
Astronaut, and we put it right by the Rover. You can see it in the picture (AS15-88-11893). That was just a little memorial, in alphabetical order. In relative terms, we had both lost
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Komarov was ordered to re-orient the craft using the ion flow sensors on orbits 15 to 17. The ion sensors failed. Komarov did not have enough time to attempt a manual re-entry until orbit 19. Manual orientation relied on using the equipped Vzor periscope device, but to do this, Komarov had to be able
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Shortly after beginning his training
Komarov was hospitalised for a minor operation in May 1960, which left him medically unfit for physical training for approximately six months. At the time, the selection criteria placed a heavy emphasis on the physical condition of cosmonauts and any imperfection
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In
September 1959, Komarov was promoted to engineer-captain and invited to participate in the selection process for cosmonaut candidate along with approximately 3,000 other pilots. He was one of twenty candidates selected for "Air Force Group One"; he and the others reported to the newly formed TsPK
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to disguise its true location). Kamanin noted in his diary that while his crew were in good spirits, Komarov was fatigued. On 19 October, Komarov and his crew made reports in Red Square and attended an audience at the
Kremlin. After the success of this short but scientifically important mission he
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During training, Komarov lived at the TsPK with his wife
Valentina and their two children Yevgeny and Irina. There, he enjoyed hunting, cross country skiing, ice hockey, and other social activities with his fellow trainees in their leisure time. Komarov was well liked by his peers, who referred to
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On the morning of 11 October, Komarov was given various communist relics to take with him into space the following day. In the afternoon the crew again inspected the capsule and were given their final instructions by
Korolev. Komarov was the only member of the crew to have undertaken extensive
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recorded that the Soyuz 1 capsule crashed into the ground at 30–40 metres per second (98–131 ft/s) and that the remains of
Komarov's body were an irregular lump 30 centimetres (12 in) in diameter and 80 centimetres (31 in) long. Three hours after the capsule's crash,
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over the selection of the crew, Komarov was named as prime crew commander by the State
Commission on 4 October 1964, just eight days before its scheduled launch. Kamanin played tennis with the Voskhod crew that evening and noted that Komarov played poorly in comparison to his crew:
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a lot and, interestingly enough, we didn't lose any more after that until
Challenger. That's what I was doing when I said I was cleaning up behind the Rover (at 167:43:36). Jim knew what I was doing. We just thought we'd recognize the guys that made the ultimate contribution."
872:. Komarov oriented the spacecraft manually on the dayside then used the gyro-platform as a reference so that he could orient the craft for a night side retro-fire. He successfully re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on his 19th orbit, but the module's drogue and main braking
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By July 1964, only seven cosmonauts remained eligible for the Voskhod crew after some were disqualified on medical grounds. On 6 July, Komarov was named as the commander of the back-up crew for Voskhod 1. After several months of much heated debate between
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955:'s "poor knowledge of the Soyuz spacecraft and the details of its operation, his lack of cooperation in working with the cosmonauts in flight and training activities," and asked Kamanin to cite him in the official crash report.
384:. He then completed his training at the A.K. Serov Military Aviation College in Bataisk. Komarov's mother died in 1948, seven months before his graduation in 1949, at which he received his pilot's wings and commission as a
933:'s orders were that Komarov's remains were to be photographed, then immediately cremated so that a state burial in the Kremlin wall could take place. The remains underwent a quick autopsy that morning, then were cremated.
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On 9 October, Komarov and the crew inspected the Voskhod with Korolev and other members of the administration. Later that day they were interviewed by the state press and played tennis for the benefit of photographers.
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Although eminently qualified, Komarov was not chosen in the top six candidates, because he did not meet the age, height, and weight restrictions specified by the Chief Designer of Russia's space program,
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and grew up with his half-sister Matilda (born in 1915). His father was a labourer who worked at various low-paid jobs to support the family. In 1935, Komarov began his formal education in the local
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567:. From this group the commander of the planned Voskhod mission scheduled for late 1964 would be chosen. In May the group was reduced to Volynov, Komarov, Leonov and Khrunov.
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of the 279th Fighter Air Division in the Prikarpate Region. Komarov continued to fly in that position until 1954, and then he enrolled in an engineering course at the
769:) to the RVSN, in a move possibly motivated by the poor record of the RVSN in producing successful rockets compared to the VVS. The request was opposed by Kamanin.
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Komarov married Valentina Yakovlevna Kiselyova in October 1950. He was promoted to senior lieutenant in 1952, and he was later assigned as the chief pilot of the
290:, the first spaceflight to carry more than one crew member. He became the first Soviet cosmonaut to fly in space twice when he was selected as the solo pilot of
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and foreign languages. In 1945, Komarov graduated from flight school with honors. World War II hostilities ended before Komarov was called on to enter combat.
357:. Shortly thereafter, his family learned that Komarov's father had been killed in an "unknown war action". Of necessity because of the German invasion, the
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and Volynov. This group was to train for missions of up to five days in duration scheduled for the latter part of 1963. In May 1963, Alekseyev proposed to
737:, which had opened on 10 October. The mission lasted just over twenty-four hours. After the crew landed safely they were flown back to the launch site at
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294:, its first crewed test flight. A parachute failure caused his Soyuz capsule to crash into the ground after re-entry on 24 April 1967, making him the
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He was declared medically unfit for training or spaceflight twice while in the program but continued playing an active role. During his time at the
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training and was the only member with any flight experience; the two other crewmen being civilians. His call sign was "Ruby" (Russian: Рубин).
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529:. After Komarov persistently lobbied medical and military personnel for re-admittance to the program, they allowed him to return to training.
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During the mission Komarov performed various tasks with the other crew members, including medical and navigational tests and observing the
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As a result of the problems with the craft, the Soviets did not launch the second Soyuz module, from which cosmonauts were to perform an
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susceptibility in the centrifuge, Komarov replaced him in May 1962 for planned dual Vostok missions. Komarov was selected as back up for
1069:. Kamanin noted in his diary that over 10,000 people were present at this service, "some driving hundreds of kilometres for the event."
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and several cosmonauts. Kamanin's aircraft arrived in Moscow in the early hours of the next morning. The aircraft had to divert to
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because his suit was ready. Komarov was later named in a further group for planned missions in 1964 with Belyaev, Shonin, Khrunov,
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where Glushko had conducted early rocket experiments in the early 1930s. In September that year, Komarov toured West Germany.
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In April 1964 Komarov was declared space-flight ready with Bykovsky, Popovich, Titov, Volynov, Leonov, Khrunov, Belyayev, and
431:. In 1959, Komarov was promoted to the rank of senior engineer-lieutenant. Later that year he achieved his goal of becoming a
353:. At the age of fifteen in 1942, Komarov entered the "1st Moscow Special Air Force School" to pursue his dream of becoming an
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1029:. The American astronauts requested the Soviet government to allow a representative to attend, but were turned down.
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that had been attached to the Voskhod. He also made a number of radio transmissions, including a greeting to the
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1985:'s personal diaries, from 1960 to 1971. A summary and English translation by Mark Wade is available online at
909:, and other State Commission members visited the site. At 21:45 Kamanin accompanied Komarov's remains to the
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868:. To reach the designated landing site at Orsk, the retro-fire had to take place on the night side of the
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for the duration of the war. Students there learned a wide variety of subjects besides aviation—including
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1711:"The remains of the astronaut Vladimir Komarov, a man who fell from space, 1967 - Rare Historical Photos"
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Komarov is commemorated with other prominent figures from the early Russian space program with a bust on
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In 1963, cosmonaut training was conducted in six Groups, with Komarov being selected in Group 2 with
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in memory of 14 deceased NASA astronauts and USSR cosmonauts, along with a small sculpture entitled
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testing of Komarov revealed a heart irregularity and he was pulled from the program and replaced by
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1124:'s final task was to place a small package of memorial items to honor Soviet cosmonauts Komarov,
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since all the other airfields around Moscow were closed to takeoffs or landings due to weather.
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In 1946, Komarov completed his first year of training at the Chkalov Higher Air Force School in
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305:, he contributed to space vehicle design, cosmonaut training, evaluation and public relations.
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Komarov was posthumously awarded his second Order of Lenin and also Hero of the Soviet Union.
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failed to deploy correctly. The module crashed into the ground, killing Komarov, at 6.24 a.m.
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Analysis of Soyuz 1 Mission and in flight voice recordings of Komarov compiled by Sven Grahn
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Analysis of Voskhod Mission and in flight voice recordings of Komarov compiled by Sven Grahn
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on the cosmonauts and briefings for the spaceflight. In April of that year, Komarov toured
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1232:. The crew of a mission to Mars find Komarov decades after he was believed to have died.
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The official website of the city administration Baikonur – Honorary citizens of Baikonur
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and stamps for his contribution to the space program—from several different countries.
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477:. In addition, only Komarov had experience as a flight test engineer on new aircraft.
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On 25 April, a response to Komarov's death by his fellow cosmonauts was published in
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was promoted to colonel. The success of the mission earned Komarov the awards of the
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2022:– 2010 M. of Public Educational Institution of Higher Professional Training MGUL
2015:
1982:
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On 25 April 1968, a memorial service was held for Komarov at the crash site near
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2033:"S. P. Korolev. Encyclopedia of life and creativity" – edited by C. A. Lopota,
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The Rocket Men: Vostok & Voskhod, The first Soviet Manned Spaceflights
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The First Soviet Cosmonaut Team: Their lives, legacy and historical impact
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In the Shadow of the Moon: A Challenging Journey to Tranquility, 1965–1969
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The Rocket Men: Vostok & Voskhod, The first Soviet Manned Spaceflights
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in Moscow, and he is also honored with a monument at the crash site near
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800:, Belyayev, and Leonov. Komarov also visited Petropavlovsk Fortress with
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Soyuz 1 The Death of Vladimir Komarov Pressure, Politics, and Parachutes
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613: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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Vladimir Komarov is a character in the French science fiction series
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Challenge To Apollo: The Soviet Union and The Space Race, 1945–1974
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Zarya – site dedicated to early Soviet Missions, including Voskhod
1726:"Komarov's Cadaver and the Problem of Catastrophic Artifactuality"
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1188:, and it can be found on the EMI Classics Album of Simon Rattle's
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Soviet cosmonaut, aeronautical engineer and test pilot (1927–1967)
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from an early age, and he collected magazines and pictures about
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1140:. Komarov's name also appears on a commemorative plaque left at
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to write a piece of symphonic music commissioned by conductor
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BBC "On this day" 1967: Russian cosmonaut dies in space crash
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Komarov with his wife Valentina Yakovlevna and daughter Irina
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at the Central Scientific Research Institute at Chkalovsky.
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2020:
Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov – The Genius of the 20th Century
525:. The same heart irregularity grounded American astronaut
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518:
1763:, Moscow: Издательство полической литературы, p. 64
1176:. This asteroid and the cosmonaut inspired the composer
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On 26 April 1967, Komarov was given a state funeral in
765:) requested that Komarov be transferred from the VVS (
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1999:
Starman: The Truth Behind the Legend of Yuri Gagarin
408:In December 1949, Komarov served as the pilot of a
1812:(Apollo 15 Lunar Surface Journal). NASA. 167:41:30
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473:) and Komarov himself, were also graduates of the
1690:, Moscow: Progress Publishers Moscow, p. 105
1279:Lawrence W. Baker, ed. (2005). "Almanac, Vol 1".
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888:1964 USSR postage stamp honoring Vladimir Komarov
860:(EVA) to the Soyuz 1, and cut the mission short.
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1441:Burgess, Colin; Doolan, Kate; Vis, Bert (2003).
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967:Postal card of Russia depicting Vladimir Komarov
2111:"Cosmonaut Crashed Into Earth 'Crying In Rage'"
1008:Hero of Socialist Labour (North Vietnam, 1964)
976:, twice (19 October 1964, 1967 (posthumously))
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776:in supervising preparations for the flight of
274:; 16 March 1927 – 24 April 1967) was a Soviet
1643:. SpaceHistory101.com Press. pp. 45–46.
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945:When interviewed on 17 May by the newspaper
780:, which carried out the first attempt of an
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1100:sculpture left on the Moon during the 1971
1072:Komarov has been featured on commemorative
998:Medal "For the Development of Virgin Lands"
271:[vlɐˈdʲimʲɪrmʲɪˈxajləvʲɪtɕkəmɐˈrof]
1841:Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Volume 1
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412:with the 383rd Regiment of the 42nd North
325:. In 1941, Komarov left school because of
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1926:. University of Nebraska Press. pp.
1901:. University of Nebraska Press. pp.
1449:. University of Nebraska Press. pp.
788:. These preparations included fitting of
673:Learn how and when to remove this message
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321:. Here he showed a natural aptitude for
2162:Recipients of the Order of the Red Star
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729:. Komarov alone carried out tests with
490:a month, with only cosmonauts 1 and 2,
429:Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy
416:Fighter Air Division that was based in
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2167:Burials at the Kremlin Wall Necropolis
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1330:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 165.
1212:-tracking ship named for Komarov, the
1199:Fédération Aéronautique Internationale
982:(19 October 1964, 1967 (posthumously))
505:demonstrated an unacceptable level of
451:Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center
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2147:Accidental deaths in the Soviet Union
1786:from the original on 25 February 2014
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1474:Scott, David; Leonov, Alexei (2004).
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1021:, and his ashes were interred in the
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313:Komarov was born on 16 March 1927 in
269:
2113:– NPR article about the crash (2011)
1997:Bizony, Piers; Doran, Jamie (1998).
1774:Jones, Eric M.; Glover, Ken (1995).
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837:Komarov was selected to command the
611:adding citations to reliable sources
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1844:. New York: Springer. p. 147.
1281:Space Exploration Reference Library
818:Komarov was assigned to the Soviet
331:German invasion of the Soviet Union
24:
1964:Hall, Rex; Shayler, David (2001).
1945:Burgess, Colin; Hall, Rex (2008).
1893:; Doolan, Kate; Vis, Bert (2003).
1867:Missions (TV Series 2017– ) - IMDb
1554:Hall, Rex; Shayler, David (2001).
1184:in 2006. The composition is named
917:. Ten minutes before departure an
198:(equiv. Colonel), Soviet Air Force
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540:that Komarov be named backup for
457:for assignment on 13 March 1960.
32:Vladimir Komarov (disambiguation)
2157:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
1144:on the Moon by the commander of
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286:. In October 1964, he commanded
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1780:Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal
1776:"EASEP Deployment and Closeout"
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1578:Kamanin Diary, 30 December 1964
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913:, where they were loaded on an
598:needs additional citations for
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425:486th Fighter Aviation Regiment
333:, and he became a laborer on a
1544:Kamanin Diary, 19 October 1964
1535:Kamanin Diary, 13 October 1964
1395:Kamanin Diary, 1 February 1963
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1128:, and the Apollo 1 astronauts
396:Career in the Soviet Air Force
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1:
2001:. Bloomsbury Publishing PLC.
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1761:Три подвига Владимир Комарова
1506:Kamanin Diary, 4 October 1964
1205:is named in Komarov's honor.
1094:Commemorative plaque and the
772:In 1965, Komarov worked with
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255:Vladimir Mikhaylovich Komarov
41:Eastern Slavic naming customs
18:Vladimir Mikhaylovich Komarov
1749:Kamanin Diary, 25 April 1968
1626:Kamanin Diary, 24 April 1967
1617:Kamanin Diary, 23 April 1967
1605:Kamanin Diary, 5 August 1966
1587:Kamanin Diary, 28 April 1965
1422:Kamanin Diary, 24 April 1964
1386:Hall and Shayler, pp. 182–83
1368:Kamanin Diary, 16 March 1962
1208:There was formerly a Soviet
761:In December 1964, the RVSN (
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137:, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
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1596:Kamanin Diary, 20 July 1966
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1004:Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR
880:Response to Komarov's death
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337:. He showed an interest in
263:Владимир Михайлович Комаров
10:
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2197:Voskhod program cosmonauts
2152:Heroes of the Soviet Union
2035:RSC Energia. S. P. Korolev
1431:Kamanin Diary, 24 May 1964
1215:Kosmonaut Vladimir Komarov
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517:), but subsequent routine
498:, being more highly paid.
39:In this name that follows
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29:
2074:Encyclopedia Astronautica
1991:Encyclopedia Astronautica
1700:Kamanin Diary, 5 May 1967
1558:. Springer. p. 355.
1404:Kamanin Diary, 9 May 1963
1057:51.3615750°N 59.5624306°E
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2187:Space program fatalities
2089:24 February 2016 at the
2072:– detailed biography at
1516:Siddiqi, Asif A (2000).
1413:Hall and Shayler, p. 215
1377:Hall and Shayler, p. 181
1359:Hall and Shayler, p. 125
1350:Hall and Shayler, p. 109
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992:Medal "For Combat Merit"
974:Hero of the Soviet Union
858:extra-vehicular activity
853:(UHF) ground receivers.
755:Hero of the Soviet Union
475:Soviet Air Force Academy
345:, in addition to making
173:Hero of the Soviet Union
77:
2065:ARK Vladimir M. Komarov
1920:Burgess, Colin (2007).
1730:Institute of the Cosmos
1326:Harford, James (1997).
1316:Burgess and Hall, p. 54
1307:Burgess and Hall, p. 53
1293:Burgess and Hall, p. 52
1023:Kremlin Wall Necropolis
796:with Kamanin, Gagarin,
782:extravehicular activity
763:Strategic Rocket Forces
147:Kremlin Wall Necropolis
2172:Cosmonauts from Moscow
2101:"Death of a Cosmonaut"
1724:Redin, Mayana (2020).
1670:, accessed 2019-10-11.
1105:
1062:51.3615750; 59.5624306
968:
889:
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361:was soon moved to the
1482:. Macmillan. p.
1478:Two Sides of the Moon
1093:
986:Order of the Red Star
966:
887:
712:Konstantin Feoktistov
403:
1806:"Hammer and Feather"
1525:. NASA. p. 423.
1203:V.M. Komarov Diploma
948:Komsomolskaya Pravda
931:Konstantin Vershinin
851:ultra high frequency
607:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
2142:1967 in spaceflight
2137:1964 in spaceflight
1782:. NASA. 111:36:38.
1759:Кудрявцева (1969),
1668:www.astronautix.com
1108:Before leaving the
1053: /
444:Air Force Group One
439:Cosmonaut selection
298:in a space flight.
2192:Soviet test pilots
1688:First Man in Space
1247:Re-entry accidents
1222:In popular culture
1174:crater on the Moon
1106:
1013:Posthumous honours
969:
959:Honours and awards
890:
622:"Vladimir Komarov"
406:
296:first human to die
280:aerospace engineer
2177:Soviet cosmonauts
2107:drama. 19.04.2017
2043:978-5-906674-04-3
2028:978-5-8135-0510-2
1956:978-0-387-84823-5
1937:978-0-8032-1128-5
1897:Fallen Astronauts
1836:Schmadel, Lutz D.
1713:. 18 August 2014.
1445:Fallen Astronauts
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596:This section
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503:Georgi Shonin
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204:Time in space
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143:Resting place
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127:24 April 1967
126:
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108:16 March 1927
100:
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84:
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54:
51: and the
50:
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19:
2019:
1998:
1968:. Springer.
1965:
1946:
1921:
1896:
1871:, retrieved
1866:
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1821:
1814:. Retrieved
1809:
1800:
1788:. Retrieved
1779:
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1733:. Retrieved
1729:
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1182:Simon Rattle
1170:1836 Komarov
1164:
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1142:Hadley Rille
1126:Yuri Gagarin
1118:Lunar Module
1107:
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1016:
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927:Sheremetyevo
921:landed with
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824:Yuri Gagarin
817:
774:Yuri Gagarin
771:
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695:
669:
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650:
643:
636:
629:
617:
605:Please help
600:verification
597:
579:Spaceflights
572:
569:
562:
544:rather than
531:
527:Deke Slayton
500:
492:Yuri Gagarin
484:
459:
447:
422:
407:
378:Borisoglebsk
375:
349:and his own
327:World War II
312:
300:
254:
253:
181:Space career
180:
129:(1967-04-24)
116:Russian SFSR
56:
49:Mikhaylovich
48:
36:
2132:1967 deaths
2127:1927 births
2105:BBC Radio 4
1191:The Planets
1160:outer space
1150:David Scott
1130:Gus Grissom
1060: /
864:to see the
843:spaceflight
822:along with
790:space suits
786:outer space
339:aeronautics
323:mathematics
153:Nationality
53:family name
2121:Categories
1949:. Praxis.
1884:References
1178:Brett Dean
1027:Red Square
972:Gold Star
663:April 2017
633:newspapers
433:test pilot
386:lieutenant
365:region in
309:Early life
276:test pilot
208:2d 03h 04m
161:Occupation
104:1927-03-16
45:patronymic
1989:, in the
1210:satellite
1146:Apollo 15
1114:Apollo 11
1102:Apollo 15
923:Kuznetsov
874:parachute
794:Leningrad
778:Voskhod 2
692:Voskhod 1
686:Voskhod 1
565:Lev Demin
471:Voskhod 2
414:Caucasian
351:propeller
288:Voskhod 1
284:cosmonaut
239:Signature
225:Voskhod 1
213:Selection
196:Polkovnik
187:Cosmonaut
2087:Archived
1838:(2003).
1790:28 March
1784:Archived
1735:24 March
1639:(2020).
1261:disaster
1259:Columbia
1252:Soyuz 11
1242:Apollo 1
1236:See also
1229:Missions
1167:asteroid
1134:Ed White
1104:mission.
743:Baikonur
739:Tyuratam
554:Gorbatko
542:Vostok 5
515:Vostok 4
481:Training
343:aviation
329:and the
221:Missions
164:Engineer
2070:Komarov
2037:, 2014
1816:28 June
1328:Korolev
907:Rudenko
899:Keldysh
847:amperes
839:Soyuz 1
814:Soyuz 1
808:Soyuz 1
647:scholar
573:Volodya
571:him as
546:Khrunov
507:g-force
388:in the
371:zoology
367:Siberia
355:aviator
292:Soyuz 1
259:Russian
229:Soyuz 1
175:(twice)
67:Colonel
57:Komarov
2041:
2026:
2005:
1972:
1953:
1934:
1909:
1873:29 May
1848:
1647:
1562:
1490:
1457:
1334:
1136:, and
1019:Moscow
1000:(1964)
994:(1956)
988:(1961)
939:Pravda
903:Tyulin
649:
642:
635:
628:
620:
558:Leonov
550:Zaikin
488:rubles
455:Moscow
418:Grozny
363:Tyumen
315:Moscow
282:, and
169:Awards
156:Soviet
112:Moscow
43:, the
1523:(PDF)
1267:Notes
919:An-12
915:Il-18
870:Earth
654:JSTOR
640:books
501:When
2039:ISBN
2024:ISBN
2003:ISBN
1970:ISBN
1951:ISBN
1932:ISBN
1907:ISBN
1875:2023
1846:ISBN
1818:2016
1792:2014
1737:2024
1645:ISBN
1560:ISBN
1488:ISBN
1455:ISBN
1332:ISBN
1197:The
1165:The
1110:Moon
1085:Orsk
1037:Orsk
826:and
752:and
710:and
701:and
626:news
494:and
267:IPA:
192:Rank
124:Died
98:Born
1928:448
1903:272
1666:on
1484:195
1451:169
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