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196:, which remains Eliot's most noted work. He consulted with Vivienne, refusing to release a section of the poem until she had approved it. Eliot later said: 'To her the marriage brought no happiness ... to me it brought the state of mind out of which came The Waste Land.' Research into their relationship has been hampered by lack of access to her diaries, the copyright of which was granted to Eliot's widow
234:. Charles was local to the area, but his wife was born in London where the couple had been living, and they had returned to Bury for an exhibition of Charles's paintings at a gentleman's club, with Rose Esther heavily pregnant. The journey may have triggered the birth earlier than expected, and Haigh-Wood was born in Lancashire rather than London.
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actress. Impressed by her apparently wealthy background, the artist father and the brother at
Sandhurst, he failed to realise that, within the rigid English class system, Haigh-Wood was no match for his New England background or for the English aristocrats with whom he had surrounded himself. A few of his friends, including
294:. She would insist on washing her own bedlinen, often twice a day, and would take her sheets home with her to clean when on holiday, once leading a hotel to claim she had stolen them, to Eliot's dismay. She apparently felt unable to ask her mother for help. Eventually her mother took her to a doctor who prescribed
258:. Although the family was clearly well-to-do, Seymour-Jones writes that Vivienne was ashamed of her connection to Lancashire, perceived as working-class, and was left with a sense of inferiority that made her self-conscious and snobbish, especially when mixing with Eliot's aristocratic London friends.
430:
The couple were married after three months, on 26 June 1915, at
Hampstead Register Office in London, with Lucy Ely Thayer (Scofield's sister) and Haigh-Wood's aunt, Lillia C. Symes, as witnesses. Eliot signed "no occupation" on the certificate and described his father as a brick manufacturer. Neither
181:
Vivienne had many serious health problems, beginning with tuberculosis of the arm as a child, and the marriage appeared to exacerbate her mental health issues. Husband Eliot would not consider divorce, but formally separated from
Vivienne in 1933. She was later committed to an asylum by her brother,
553:
that Eliot regarded women the way he regarded Jews, seeing both as responsible for irrationality and romanticism. He was uneasy with female sexuality – which led
Seymour-Jones to suspect he was homosexual – which manifested itself both in his poetry and in his attitude toward Haigh-Wood's
310:
Oh – Vivienne! Was there ever such a torture since life began! – to bear her on one's shoulders, biting, wriggling, raving, scratching, unwholesome, powdered, insane, yet sane to the point of insanity, reading his letters, thrusting herself on us, coming in wavering trembling ... This bag
385:
writes that Eliot was jolted to life by Haigh-Wood. He was a repressed, shy, 26-year-old who was bored in Oxford, writing of it that it was very pretty, "but I don't like to be dead." She was flamboyant, a great dancer, spoke her mind, smoked in public, dressed in bold colours and looked like an
249:
Charles Haigh-Wood inherited his mother's property when she died, as well as the family home at 14 Albion Place, Walmersley Road, Bury, and he became a landlord, which allowed him to move his wife and
Vivienne to Hampstead, a fashionable part of north London. They settled into a house there at 3
189:
had encouraged
Vivienne to marry Eliot as a pretext for the poet to remain in England, where Eliot and Pound believed he would have greater career success, but also against the wishes of his family who wanted him to return to the United States. Neither set of parents were informed of the wedding
439:
Eliot arranged for a formal separation in
February 1933 and thereafter shunned Haigh-Wood entirely, hiding from her and instructing his friends not to tell her where he was. She could not accept the end of the relationship. Her efforts to find him appeared to his friends to confirm that she was
237:
She was registered at birth as
Vivienne Haigh, though as an adult she called herself Haigh-Wood, and later spelt her first name Vivien. Her paternal grandfather was Charles Wood, a gilder and picture framer from Bolton, so her father called himself Charles Haigh-Wood to distinguish himself. The
182:
against her will, eventually dying there apparently from a heart attack, but possibly by deliberate overdose. When told via a phone call from the asylum that
Vivienne had died unexpectedly during the night, Eliot is said to have buried his face in his hands and cried out 'Oh God, oh God.'
341:
I think at first, until one has got the spout of this long disused fountain clear, it is better to let the water burst out when it will and so force away the accumulation of decayed vegetation, moss, slime and dead fish which are thick upon and around it.
266:
Little is known of her education. Vivienne played the piano, painted, took ballet lessons, was a good swimmer, and worked for a short time as a governess for a family in
Cambridge. She had multiple health problems. She was diagnosed with
190:
beforehand. Vivienne made creative contributions to her husband's work during their 18-year marriage, but it was a difficult relationship. Both had mental and physical health problems, and it is often cited as the inspiration for
645:, Seymour-Jones writes that Eliot first saw Haigh-Wood while she was punting in Oxford, and was first introduced to her at a lunch party held by Scofield Thayer in Magdalen College in or around March 1914.
319:. She became engaged to a schoolteacher, Charles Buckle, in 1914, but Buckle's mother was apparently unhappy about it. Vivienne's health problems persuaded Rose Haigh-Wood that her daughter had "
379:. Seymour-Jones writes that Oxford attracted young women visitors, or "river girls", who would come in search of eligible husbands; women were not allowed to take degrees at Oxford until 1920.
315:
As the medical bills rose, so did her family's resentment of her. Her brother, Maurice, blamed her for what he saw as his second-rate education, because there was no money left to send him to
406:
Eliot was in Oxford for one year only, and was expected to return to Harvard to begin a career as an academic philosopher, an idea he railed against. He wanted to be a poet. He had completed
585:, the poet's second wife (from 1957) claimed the copyright of Haigh-Wood's writings in 1984, including her private diaries, which has complicated the research into her role in Eliot's life.
390:, said they liked Haigh-Wood precisely because she was vulgar. For her part, she fell in love with Eliot, seeing in him what she described as "the call to the wild that is in men."
475:
high in my arms. Polly was very excited & wild. I kept my eyes on Tom's face the whole time, & I kept nodding my head at him, & making encouraging signs. He looked a
451:, London, where he was giving a talk. Carrying three of his books - and her dog, Polly - she arrived in clothes she had taken to wearing to performances of his plays: a
352:
Haigh-Wood met Tom Eliot on or around March 1915 at a dance in London, where he took tea with her and a friend. They met again shortly after that at a lunch party in
412:
in 1911, the poem that was to make his name when it was published in Chicago in 1915, and he saw remaining in England as a way to escape his parents' plans for him.
174:, whom she married in 1915, less than three months after their introduction by mutual friends, when Vivienne was a governess in Cambridge and Eliot was studying at
419:, a Bostonian he had had a relationship with in the United States. What he wanted from Haigh-Wood, he said, was a flirtation. But a meeting with the American poet
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579:, one of the 20th century's finest poems. Eliot's sister-in-law, Theresa, said of the relationship: "Vivienne ruined Tom as a man, but she made him as a poet."
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As he signed copies of the books for her, she asked him, "Will you come back with me?" and he replied, "I cannot talk to you now," then left with someone else.
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had persuaded him that the pursuit of poetry was possible, and marrying Haigh-Wood meant he could stay in England and avoid Harvard. Eliot told a friend,
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in the way Eliot regarded Haigh-Wood. He wrote to a friend that Haigh-Wood had "an original mind, and I consider not at all a feminine one."
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242:), a Dublin suburb, which gave the family financial stability, allowing Haigh-Wood's father to study at the Manchester Art College and the
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238:"Haigh" came from his mother, Mary Haigh, originally from Dublin. Mary Haigh had inherited seven semi-detached houses in Kingstown (now
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599:, the literary magazine Eliot founded, using the pseudonyms FM, Fanny Marlow, Feiron Morris, Felise Morrison, and Irene Fassett.
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backgrounds, had been at Harvard together, where Eliot had studied philosophy, and both had arrived in Oxford on scholarships.
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I turned a face to him of such joy that no-one in that great crowd could have had one moment's doubt. I just said, Oh
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398:
323:." She decided that Vivienne should not marry or bear children, and withdrew the family's consent to the marriage.
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499:, in 1938, and remained there until she died. Although Eliot was still legally her husband, he never visited her.
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When he was in his 60s, Eliot wrote that he had been immature and timid at the time, and probably in love with
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Compayne Gardens around 1891. Vivienne's brother, Maurice, was born there in 1896; he went on to train at
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writes that they first met in London in March 1914 at a party in a hotel, as does James Edwin Miller. In
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467:, in quite a loud voice. He walked straight on to the platform then & gave a most remarkably
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715:"TS Eliot's the Waste Land remains one of the finest reflections on mental illness ever written"
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Carole Seymour-Jones, one of Haigh-Wood's biographers, argues that there was a strong streak of
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and said she had had so many operations, she had no memory of her life before the age of seven.
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body. Menand writes that Eliot's work is replete with oversexed women, whom he saw as modern
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older, more mature & smart, much thinner & not well or robust or rumbustious at
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Vivienne was committed to the Northumberland House mental hospital in Woodberry Down,
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of the bone in her left arm when she was a child; this was before the discovery of
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170:; 28 May 1888 – 22 January 1947) was the first wife of American-British poet
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writes that it was out of the turmoil of the marriage that Eliot produced
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and apparently little could be done about it. She was treated by Sir
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1170:, oil on canvas, George Krevsky Gallery, accessed 11 November 2009.
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uniform, black beret and black cape. She wrote in her diary:
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Revealed: the remarkable tale of TS Eliot's late love affair
1196:"A Temporary Marriage of Two Minds: T. S. and Vivien Eliot"
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The last time she saw him was on 18 November 1935 at a
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to sedate her, which probably meant he had diagnosed "
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T.S. Eliot: the making of an American poet, 1888–1922
701:"The wasteland that was T. S. Eliot's first marriage"
658:
402:
Photograph from Haigh-Wood's American passport, 1920
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described Vivienne on 8 November 1930 in her diary:
900:, University of Oxford, accessed 10 November 2009.
427:, that he wanted to marry and lose his virginity.
1402:The Awefull Battle of the Pekes and the Pollicles
1049:Gordon, Lyndall (2009). "Eliot, Vivienne Haigh,"
849:Woolf 1981, p. 331, cited in Miller 2005, p. 378.
593:Haigh-Wood wrote several stories and reviews for
463:, & he seized my hand, & said how do you
290:, which led to mood swings, fainting spells, and
216:Vivienne Haigh-Wood was born in Knowsley Street,
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1836:History of mental health in the United Kingdom
1168:Vivienne Eliot in 1938 Upon Entering an Asylum
1034:The Letters of T.S. Eliot, Volume 1, 1898–1922
230:Wood; 1854–1927), an artist and member of the
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1100:The Diary of Virginia Woolf, Vol 3, 1925–1930
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311:of ferrets is what Tom wears round his neck.
224:Robinson; 1860–1941) and Charles Haigh-Wood (
200:, but surviving letters have been published.
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1670:T. S. Eliot Prize (Truman State University)
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1032:Eliot, Valerie and Haughton, Hugh (eds.).
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185:Both Vivienne and T. S. Eliot stated that
48:Vivienne Haigh-Wood Eliot photographed by
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1230:Seymour-Jones, Carole (26 October 2001).
1087:Seymour-Jones, Carole (14 October 2001).
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360:. Eliot and Thayer, both from privileged
286:, to her great embarrassment, and severe
282:She was also plagued by heavy, irregular
983:Painted Shadow: A Life of Vivienne Eliot
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371:, Eliot had noticed Haigh-Wood earlier,
367:According to another friend of Eliot's,
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1051:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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1160:. New York: Back Bay Publishers, 1999.
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94:Northumberland House mental hospital,
1821:Writers from Bury, Greater Manchester
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519:Gives promise of pneumatic bliss. ...
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27:American poet, first wife of TS Eliot
1614:Canticle IV: The Journey of the Magi
1550:Tradition and the Individual Talent
1395:Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats
1298:The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
777:, Artnet, accessed 9 November 2009.
409:The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
24:
1107:
220:, the first child of Rose Esther (
25:
1852:
1232:"Not crazy after all these years"
898:A brief history of the University
674:Poirier, Richard (3 April 2003).
513:Grishkin is nice: her Russian eye
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972:Seymour-Jones 2001, pp. 547–548.
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886:Seymour-Jones, 14 October 2001
867:Seymour-Jones 2001, pp. 24–26.
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727:
707:
524:Does not in its arboreal gloom
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1:
1221:"The Hollow Man and His Wife"
1046:, W. W. Norton & Company.
1044:T.S. Eliot. An Imperfect Life
800:"The Hollow Man and His Wife"
652:
526:Distil so rank a feline smell
517:Uncorseted, her friendly bust
503:Eliot's attitude toward women
490:
434:
327:Relationship with T. S. Eliot
203:
1831:People with mental disorders
1200:Twentieth Century Literature
1089:"Tom and Viv ... and Bertie"
1070:Miller, James Edwin (2005).
1012:Seymour-Jones 2001, pp. 1–6.
1003:Seymour-Jones 2001, pp. 4–5.
431:of them told their parents.
7:
1598:Assassinio nella cattedrale
1564:A Choice of Kipling's Verse
1219:Pritchard, William (2002).
1029:, accessed 9 November 2009.
602:
558:, such as Grishkin in his "
515:Is underlined for emphasis;
393:
10:
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1720:Vivienne Haigh-Wood Eliot
1572:The Frontiers of Criticism
1536:Selected Essays, 1917–1932
840:Seymour-Jones 2001, p. 14.
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522:The sleek Brazilian jaguar
1744:Charlotte Champe Stearns
1707:
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1194:Johnson, Loretta (1988).
1098:Woolf, Virginia (1981).
985:. Constable 2001, p. 561.
858:Seymour-Jones, pp. 16–17.
565:
453:British Union of Fascists
160:Vivienne Haigh-Wood Eliot
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36:Vivienne Haigh-Wood Eliot
34:
1752:William Greenleaf Eliot
1202:, 34(1), pp. 48–61.
1036:, Faber and Faber, 2009.
951:Miller 2005, pp. 220 ff.
676:"In the Hyacinth Garden"
625:
358:Magdalen College, Oxford
1687:Portrait of T. S. Eliot
1606:Murder in the Cathedral
1590:Murder in the Cathedral
1543:Hamlet and His Problems
1490:Murder in the Cathedral
1416:Growltiger's Last Stand
1319:Whispers of Immortality
1061:"The women come and go"
981:Seymour-Jones, Carole.
560:Whispers of Immortality
508:Whispers of Immortality
1511:The Confidential Clerk
1236:Times Higher Education
1164:Ferlinghetti, Lawrence
1147:His trouble and strife
888:; Miller 2005, p. 217.
680:London Review of Books
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254:and fought during the
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1826:People from Harringay
1183:James, Caryn (1994).
1078:Seymour-Jones, Carole
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347:— Vivienne Haigh-Wood
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288:pre-menstrual tension
244:Royal Academy Schools
232:Royal Academy of Arts
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50:Lady Ottoline Morrell
1785:William Butler Yeats
1409:Gus: The Theatre Cat
1185:Tom & Viv (1994)
1067:, 30 September 2002.
960:Miller 2005, p. 218.
876:Miller 2005, p. 217.
789:Gordon 1998, p. 114.
639:Carole Seymour-Jones
571:Carole Seymour-Jones
262:Health and education
146: 1915;
98:, Middlesex, England
1780:Jean Jules Verdenal
1518:The Elder Statesman
1361:Journey of the Magi
1074:, Penn State Press.
994:Seymour-Jones 2001.
831:Seymour-Jones 2001.
723:. 13 February 2018.
534:— T. S. Eliot, 1919
497:Manor House, London
369:Sacheverell Sitwell
18:Vivienne Haigh-Wood
1504:The Cocktail Party
1497:The Family Reunion
1423:The Naming of Cats
1305:Portrait of a Lady
1225:The New York Times
1191:, 2 December 1994.
1189:The New York Times
1153:, 21 October 2001.
1139:, 7 November 2009.
1125:, 29 January 2005.
1115:Christensen, Karen
1027:Charles Heigh-Wood
917:), 14 October 2001
805:The New York Times
775:Charles Heigh-Wood
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214:
212:Haigh-Wood in 1921
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1770:John Davy Hayward
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1736:Henry Ware Eliot
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1665:T. S. Eliot Prize
1476:Sweeney Agonistes
1368:A Song for Simeon
1174:Hastings, Michael
1119:Dear Mrs Eliot...
735:"British Library"
296:potassium bromide
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121:Governess, writer
16:(Redirected from
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1227:, 22 April 2002.
1156:Cooley, Martha.
1133:"I cannot go on"
1102:, Harvest Books.
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703:. 12 April 2012.
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89:(1947-01-22)
29:
1816:T. S. Eliot
1811:1947 deaths
1806:1888 births
1696:(1984 play,
1582:Adaptations
1387:Later poems
1354:Ariel Poems
1290:Early poems
1274:T. S. Eliot
1178:Tom and Viv
763:Gordon 2009
621:(1984 play)
613:(1994 film)
362:New England
273:antibiotics
246:in London.
172:T. S. Eliot
132:T. S. Eliot
72:28 May 1888
1800:Categories
1775:Ezra Pound
1765:Emily Hale
1699:1994 film)
1646:Publishing
1437:East Coker
1180:, Penguin.
938:New Yorker
653:References
562:" (1919).
549:argues in
491:Commitment
435:Separation
421:Ezra Pound
417:Emily Hale
337:On writing
204:Early life
187:Ezra Pound
110:Cemetery,
68:1888-05-28
1635:2019 film
1630:1998 film
1608:(TV play)
1326:Gerontion
292:migraines
252:Sandhurst
96:Harringay
78:, England
1746:(mother)
1738:(father)
1483:The Rock
1312:Preludes
1208:(2009).
1176:(1985),
1166:(2009).
1145:(2001).
1131:(2009).
1117:(2005).
1080:(2001).
1059:(2002).
1042:(1998).
1025:Artnet.
936:Menand (
915:Observer
603:See also
541:misogyny
394:Marriage
300:hysteria
1679:Related
1601:(opera)
812:14 June
589:Writing
556:succubi
375:on the
373:punting
166:, born
152:
140:
136:
1708:People
1592:(film)
1567:(1941)
940:) 2002
566:Legacy
477:little
469:clever
176:Oxford
164:Vivien
162:(also
126:Spouse
112:London
108:Pinner
52:, 1920
1841:Muses
1528:Prose
1468:Plays
626:Notes
142:(
138:
1620:Cats
814:2022
686:(7).
148:sep.
84:Died
58:Born
481:all
461:Tom
302:".
222:née
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465:do
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