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coalesced. The berries are black with little bloom, skin is very thin and tender and pulp is tender and melting. Pulp is deeply colored crimson or violet and part clings closely to the skin. The berries bear 3 to 4 small seeds on clusters around 8" long. Germination is quick and fruit ripens early. The species is able to bear fruit on young shoots pushed out by 2 to 4 year old wood if last year's wood has been lost to winter damage. It propagates easily from cuttings, and the pollen is very prepotent in fertilizing and hybridizing with other
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Has great resistance to drought due to its deep roots penetrating the water table. Where it is unable to do this though it is subject to injury. Foliage is well adapted to resisting fungus and insect attacks, although favored by many grazing mammals. Occasionally attacked by anthracnose but with
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Clusters are very small, sometimes shouldered. Rachis is smooth and light green. Flowers are fertile, stamens recurved and bent laterally with flowers producing abundant pollen. Fruits are 1/4" to 1/2" in diameter, round or slightly flattened around the stem and often doubled like two berries
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Wood is smooth and red when young, becoming cylindrical and finely striated when mature with dark colored bark that becomes darker with age. Wood is quite persistent with age and dense but not hard. Buds are small, globose or slightly conical. Tendrils are small and crimson colored with short
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Leaves are lanceolate with large stipules with crimson veins. Petiole are deeply and broadly grooved throughout the length. Leaves are distinctly striated and nearly always smooth. Width of the leaves is usually 3" to 4", sometimes 5" .
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is a self-supporting bushy plant that does not grow in the shade, and is found only on rocky riverbanks and streambanks. Much of its habitat has been destroyed due to damming of rivers and destruction of islands for navigation.
422:(indirectly via hybridizing existing varieties containing 'Vitis rupestris'. 'Vitis rupestris' often contributes a large proportion of ancestries of 'French hybrid' grapes (or 'French direct producers') such as
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Growth is tapering, erect, much branched and rarely climbing more than 4 to 8 feet. The roots are slender, wiry and deep and enable it to resist drought by spreading deep underground to find the water table.
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has been listed as threatened or endangered by
Indiana, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, and Tennessee. Known locations of wild
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Munson, T.V. 1909. Foundations of
American Grape Culture. New York: Orange Judd Company.
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The cultivar known as
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are quickly disappearing, which may threaten the future of this grape species.
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minimal injury, and resistant to black rot, downy mildew and powdery mildew.
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Photograph of Vitis rupestris from the book The Grapes of New York, 1908
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A large proportion of modern
European "PIWI" varieties categorized as
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594:"PLANTS Profile for Vitis rupestris (sand grape) | USDA PLANTS"
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Biota of North
America Program 2014 county distribution map
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on their own roots and withstand attacks of Downy mildew.
307:. There are a few reports of the species occurring in the
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Widely used in hybridizing with other species (mostly
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402:Breeders that used the species frequently include
333:It is found hybridized in parts of its range with
267:. It is used for breeding several French-American
550:Calflora taxon report, University of California,
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437:contain 'Vitis rupestris' background such as
227:that is known by many common names including
492:Vitis rupestris growing in Southern France.
480:Vitis rupestris growing in Southern France.
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641:Missouri Plants, Photos of Vitis rupestris
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452:. A popular cultivar in Australia is
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1694:NatureServe vulnerable species
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454:Vitis vinifera 'Ganzin Glory'
271:as well as many root stocks.
279:The natural distribution of
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370:Pest and disease resistance
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1709:Flora of the United States
1315:V. zhejiang-adstricta
614:Becker, Hank; et al.
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1011:V. lanceolatifoliosa
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70:Scientific classification
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1704:Plants described in 1848
1131:V. pseudoreticulata
275:Distribution and ecology
1083:V. × novae-angliae
283:is concentrated in the
1195:V. shuttleworthii
811:V. bloodworthiana
1035:V. luochengensis
1027:V. longquanensis
987:V. jinggangensis
907:V. erythrophylla
379:Cultivars and hybrids
345:Botanical description
1291:V. xunyangensis
1267:V. wenchouensis
1163:V. rotundifolia
1099:V. peninsularis
1067:V. mustangensis
1043:V. menghaiensis
971:V. jacquemontii
915:V. fengqinensis
859:V. chunganensis
835:V. bryoniifolia
731:V. × andersonii
16:Species of grapevine
1307:V. yunnanensis
1211:V. sinocinerea
1187:V. shenxiensis
1179:V. ruyuanensis
1115:V. pilosonerva
1075:V. nesbittiana
1051:V. mengziensis
851:V. × champinii
843:V. californica
827:V. × bourquina
787:V. betulifolia
779:V. berlandieri
554:Scheele sand grape
335:the Riverbank grape
299:and southwest into
42:Conservation status
1283:V. wuhanensis
1227:V. tiliifolia
1219:V. × slavinii
1203:V. silvestrii
1019:V. lincecumii
979:V. jaegeriana
899:V. × doaniana
883:V. coignetiae
819:V. bourgaeana
715:V. aestivalis
707:V. adenoclada
699:V. acerifolia
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1591:Open Tree of Life
1342:Taxon identifiers
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1275:V. wilsoniae
1235:V. treleasei
1171:V. rupestris
1155:V. romanetii
1107:V. piasezkii
1059:V. monticola
947:V. hancockii
923:V. ficifolia
763:V. bashanica
747:V. balansana
739:V. arizonica
723:V. amurensis
309:San Francisco Bay
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1139:V. retordii
1123:V. popenoei
1003:V. labrusca
955:V. heyneana
939:V. girdiana
931:V. flexuosa
795:V. biformis
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1259:V. vulpina
1147:V. riparia
1091:V. palmata
891:V. davidii
875:V. cinerea
867:V. chungii
803:V. blancoi
771:V. bellula
755:V. barbata
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1299:V. Yeshanensis
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354:internodes.
352:
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297:Pennsylvania
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1542:NatureServe
1490:iNaturalist
1374:Wikispecies
963:V. hui
528:NatureServe
404:T.V. Munson
285:Ozark Hills
113:Angiosperms
60:NatureServe
56:Vulnerable
1688:Categories
1614:Plant List
1388:Calflora:
510:References
450:root stock
397:Phylloxera
337:and other
313:California
1456:242417487
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366:species.
341:species.
177:Species:
83:Kingdom:
1658:34000025
1653:Tropicos
1547:2.154710
1521:11135881
1359:Wikidata
622:14 March
599:14 March
311:area of
301:Oklahoma
293:Arkansas
289:Missouri
159:Vitaceae
155:Family:
126:Eudicots
1508:69028-1
1469:5372398
1365:Q138189
686:Grape (
464:Gallery
439:Solaris
269:hybrids
253:currant
207:Scheele
165:Genus:
149:Vitales
145:Order:
87:Plantae
58: (
1627:PLANTS
1583:141991
1567:NZOR:
1560:103352
1443:184498
1417:582300
618:. USDA
443:Regent
424:Seyval
410:(see:
263:, and
139:Rosids
1699:Vitis
1632:VIRU2
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1596:43703
1534:28625
1516:IRMNG
1495:79518
1482:41896
1438:EUNIS
1430:VITRU
1404:7FTDZ
688:vitis
677:Vitis
364:Vitis
339:Vitis
305:Texas
257:ingar
245:beach
241:sugar
221:grape
170:Vitis
133:Clade
120:Clade
107:Clade
94:Clade
1640:POWO
1606:8371
1555:NCBI
1529:ITIS
1503:IPNI
1477:GRIN
1464:GBIF
1425:EPPO
1391:8760
624:2012
601:2012
441:and
418:and
387:and
303:and
291:and
261:rock
249:bush
237:sand
233:Coon
229:July
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1451:FNA
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414:),
287:of
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