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streamers form a special bond. People are not only interested in the gameplay itself but in the personalities and entertainment provided by the streamer. This connection goes beyond watching viewers often try to emulate the streamer's overall persona creating an environment where the streamer sets the tone and vibe of the livestream. Live chat logs enable this interactivity through features like subscriber emotes – emoticons that viewers can use if they pay a subscription fee to support their favorite streamer. These emotes are often designed specifically for each streamer reflecting their personality or unique language style allowing dedicated fans to communicate in their own way and making video game live-streaming even more immersive.
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1252:. Even after rejecting and disputing over 200 video mutes to his channel, Twitch are still unable to identify Phat's claims and to stop them reoccurring. Twitch sent a letter to users in October 2020 stating that it would remove videos or channels that had copyrighted music on them, and that it could not stop streamers from facing punishments due to Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) violations.
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522:, viewers can tip the streamers in the form of virtual gifting. Streamers can also become sponsored, or offer rewards in the form of competitions or games to the viewers in order to promote their channel and increase viewership and monetization. Some competitions offer large money prizes for the winner. A professional Fortine player, Bugha, won 3 million dollars at the
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some monetization of these videos through YouTube. However, in
September 2017, Nintendo changed the program specifically preventing affiliates from streaming video of Nintendo games, monetized or not, though non-affiliated accounts, and Let's Plays with commentary, remain unaffected. However, on November 28, 2018, Nintendo announced that the program was shutting down.
632:. Viewers are more interested in players who play and entertain well, offering jokes, pop culture, and current event commentary instead of repetitive gameplay. Streamers also recommend keeping a schedule so viewers know when to watch, self-promoting on social media, and holding giveaway contests to increase followers.
306:. Potential consumers can experience newly released video games without having to purchase them, which helps them understand which titles they would like to purchase. In fact, recent research suggests that live streams bring additional players into broadcast games and even increase online sales of these games.
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Video game livestreaming has also increasingly become a significant method of promoting video games. Research indicates that livestreaming can effectively stimulate both gaming and spending among viewers. A study has shown that watching esports events provides viewers with a sense of escapism, social
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Players involved in eSports can get into streaming by using their popularity or by using their honed skills and in-depth game knowledge during their livestream. People on YouTube or other social media platforms often become streamers as well to interact more with viewers. Other types of people that
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in July 2019. In addition, streams can control their work schedule and their success on their platform can give a strong sense of personal accomplishment. Video game live streaming appeals to many for the ability to transform a hobby of playing video games into a profitable career of streaming them,
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Video game livestreaming is an emerging industry, the rise of the industry has allowed many
Internet companies to rise while also allowing many grassroots gamers to leap to become big anchors, bringing more employment opportunities for young people. Professional streamers often combine gameplay with
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Microphones are critical to live streaming because they allow streamers to vocally communicate with their audience. Webcams are also useful because they allow the audience to see streamers and recognize them. If using a webcam, many streamers have additional lighting to brighten up their faces when
194:
The popularity of livestreaming video games began with WSBN, a shoutcasting station, video streaming a competitive
Starsiege Tribes match via Windows Media Encoder to approximately 50 people in 2001. Own3d, an early esport streaming website based in Austria, operated between 2009 and 2013. It later
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system to register their games such that they can generate ad revenue from streaming videos and Let's Play videos. By about 2014, Nintendo crafted its
Nintendo Creators Program, which would allow players providing live streams and Let's Plays of Nintendo games that sign onto the program to receive
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defenses. Streamers with larger audiences can also promote the game before its release by receiving a copy of the game from the developer to play on their platform, which runs the risk of violating ethical business practices if they stand to make a substantial amount of income from this promotion.
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arrested 25-year-old serial-swatter Tyler Raj
Barriss, known online as "SWAuTistic" and "GoredTutor36", in connection with the incident, who was later sentenced to 20 years in federal prison for the offense. In another instance, a streamer by the name Jamie Lynn Greenwood was swatted while playing
543:, where someone makes a false report to police of serious criminal activity taking place at the streamer's residence, resulting in a raid by police, which is often captured live by the streaming service. Such activity can create serious risk to the streamer, and has even resulted in deaths. In the
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Livestreaming video games has become a phenomenon offering a range of entertainment and engagement. It's not just, about broadcasting gameplay it's about the unique dynamics that streamers bring to their live shows. Live chat logs are at the heart of this culture serving as a hub where viewers and
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Twitch is currently the most popular video game live-streaming service for both streamers and viewers. The website averaged 35 million daily users in 2022 and 7 million distinctive streamers go live every month. Twitch has a global reach as well, hosting broadcasts in up to 35 different languages.
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Through live streaming, viewers can watch experienced or entertaining video game players while immersing themselves in a virtual audience of like-minded people. Many viewers cannot experience these video games due to time and financial constraints. Video game live streaming can be a remedy to this
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As a profession, video game live streaming allows people to play the games they love while supporting their livelihood. As they gain bigger followings by streaming consistently and marketing, streamers are able to take advantage of the tools within most streaming platforms, such as subscriptions,
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by stream sniping. While stream sniping happens somewhat rarely for most streamers due to the countermeasures set by the games, as well as tactics set up by the streamers themselves like covering up the in-game map or setting a delay for the stream, there are cases, like for the popular Twitch
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for three years in China. It was the biggest deal in the video game live streaming market, and made China's video game live streaming market bigger than Twitch, YouTube Gaming, and
Facebook Gaming combined, according to journalist Rod Breslau.
539:, as is common with other public figures. For example, a teenage viewer showed up uninvited to a streamer's house and requested to stream with him after having saved up for a one-way transcontinental flight. Another risk to streamers is
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dilemma, allowing the audience to consume the act of the streamer's consumption. Live streamers are seen as community organizers of a video game due to their ability to play said game or the entertainment they've created around it.
578:
Stream sniping is a common tactic to gain an advantage in a video game by watching the live stream of an enemy player while playing. Several video game developers have taken measures against stream sniping, and video games such as
199:, which Twitch had originally spun out of. In 2015, YouTube launched YouTube Gaming, a video gaming-oriented sub-site and app that intended to compete with Twitch. Other notable video-game oriented streaming websites include
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to upload a livestream to the Twitch servers. For streamers using laptops, many gaming laptops are coming with new graphics cards and better connectivity to help streamers to stream their gaming experiences.
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at this point between Huya, Douyu (who were both outbid for the Riot deal), and
Bilibili alone, China's live streaming market feels like it's bigger than Twitch, YouTube Gaming, and Facebook Gaming combined
484:
and donations, as well as platform advertisements and sponsorships from eSports organizations. An
October 2017 report from SuperData Research estimated that more people subscribed to video game streams and
287:, sold over 5 million copies after becoming one of the top 5 most-watched games on Twitch when it released in July 2015. The game eventually accumulated over 12 million players and earned itself a Twitch
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have also gained significant traction and attention from the accessibility of live streaming, and streaming has even been used as a method to raise awareness of social issues and money for charity.
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The playing of copyrighted music without proper permission may cause archived streams to be removed or muted. Streamers can also be suspended, due to complaints under laws such as the U.S.
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To build an audience, experienced streamers recommend that newer streamers stream a popular game because it is more likely to interest viewers. Popular titles in the mid-2010s include
371:
With the ability for anyone to watch from home on their devices, esports viewership reached 213 million in 2016 and continues to grow every year. Popular eSports titles include
1741:
701:
The following is a list of sites that primarily focuses on video game live streaming, including broadcasts of eSports competitions, in addition to other types of content.
329:, and more. Due to its popularity among live streamers and easy accessibility for viewers to play, free-to-play games blew up in popularity in the video game community.
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This form of live streaming has become a popular form of advertising for video game developers, surpassing traditional mediums such as online magazines and traditional
2114:"Newsfile Corp.: Fortnite World Cup Dominated by UMG Series Competitors: 16-year old, Kyle 'BUGHA' Geirsdorf wins UMG's Friday Fortnite and the Fortnite World Cup".
325:. Free-to-play games cost no money to buy and play but offer purchasable items in-game in order to turn a profit. Items can range from clothes, weapon accessories,
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151:
Both AAA and indie developers have circumvented rising development costs by utilizing the free advertising live streaming provides. Independent titles such as
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148:. Professional streamers often combine high-level play and entertaining commentary, and earn income from sponsors, subscriptions, ad revenue, and donations.
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Nintendo has generally taken a strong stance compared to other publishers for allowing their games to be streamed or recorded. Initially, they have used
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live streamed herself playing the popular game Among Us with other streamers who have large followings in an effort to encourage people to vote in the
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became popular in the mid-2010s on sites such as Twitch. By 2014, Twitch streams had more traffic than HBO Go and eventually hastened the closure of
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344:. Due to the popularity of these games, live-streaming platforms have become places of discussion and suggestions on how to improve these games.
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is an activity where people broadcast themselves playing games to a live audience online. The practice became popular in the mid-2010s on the
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1972:
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Kohls, Harper; Hiler, Jacob L.; Cook, Laurel Aynne (1 January 2023). "Why do we twitch? Vicarious consumption in video-game livestreaming".
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1024:
17:
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679:, contain built-in streaming and optional camera integration for streamers to use. Streamers using computers use software such as
459:. The stream managed to raise $ 2.3 million, with Twitch itself donating $ 1 million of the total. In 2020, American politician
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community, have benefited from the visibility they have gained from video game live streaming. In 2013, several members of the
1618:"Escapism, family and friends, and social interactions: How watching esports increases gaming and in-game purchase intentions"
1371:
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videos may have. First and foremost, such videos can be considered a copyright violation, though is argued to be protected by
363:, or rapid completions, facilitated by live streaming. This has been a key component in diversifying livestreaming audiences.
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in addition to the social benefits of being in a position of renown with a large viewership and semi-celebrity status.
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interaction, and enjoyment, which can lead to increased gaming activity and higher expenditure on in-game purchases.
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2026:"View of The imperative to be seen: The moral economy of celebrity video game streaming on Twitch.tv | First Monday"
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community live streamed in order to raise money to become the eighth game featured at the prestigious tournament
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provided for the player base. Major issues users found in games were getting fixed much more frequently than in
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claiming that the ban was accidental. Even backlash from small streamers is on the rise. English live streamer
3698:
2145:
455:, hosted a 24-hour charity live stream to have all donations and earnings earned during the stream donated to
431:
69:
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3471:"They're Attractive, They're Women, And They Play Games Live On The Internet. But They're Not 'Camwhores.'"
3034:
1486:"Riot signs 3-year deal granting Bilibili exclusive broadcasting rights in China for international events"
4126:
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2307:"Kansas man shot to death by police was reportedly unintended victim of 'Call of Duty' 'swatting' prank"
602:, where stream sniping plays a part in a streamer's entertainment and therefore the streamer allows it.
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enter streaming include video game creators and people who write articles or blogs about video games.
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680:
341:
169:
are examples of games that have experienced a huge increase in player base as a result of streaming.
2146:"'It's like the gold rush': the lives and careers of professional video game streamers on Twitch.tv"
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3721:"Gamers say they're earning more money on Facebook's streaming platform than on Twitch and YouTube"
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donations, or advertisements, to support themselves. On some live streaming platforms, such as
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Another reason for the increased popularity of free-to-play games was the frequent updates and
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1824:"Understanding Memetic Media and Collective Identity Through Streamer Persona on Twitch.tv"
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8:
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1934:. EuroITV '13. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 131–138.
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2282:"Kansas police investigate whether fatal shooting was result of prank called 'swatting'"
2069:"Virtual gifting on China's live streaming platforms: hijacking the online gift economy"
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649:) is highly recommended for streamers because it minimizes stuttering while streaming.
523:
303:
4146:
3294:"For Twitch Streamers Who Spend Their Lives On Camera, It's Hard To Know When To Stop"
2257:"Call of Duty gaming community points to 'swatting' in deadly Wichita police shooting"
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2902:"Nintendo restricts livestreaming games for YouTubers in Nintendo's partners program"
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2808:"Video Game Streamers: Free promotion, copyright infringement, or both? | Lexology"
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Mixer has shut down on July 22, 2020. (Microsoft currently partners with
Facebook)
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1228:, or automated content matching. More than 10 popular Twitch streamers, including
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1865:"Livestreams are the new telethons, and they're raising millions for charities"
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controversially threatened to report a player who he thought had killed him in
349:
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Live streaming has brought attention to previously obscure video games such as
105:
3633:"GTA Online's biggest role-playing streamers make for must-see Twitch viewing"
2440:"Fortnite Players Blame Stream Snipers For Update That Hides Streamers' Names"
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and entertaining commentary. They can generate sufficient revenue from viewer
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3968:
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3508:"Banned From Twitch, 'Bikini Streamer' Finds Success (And Haters) On YouTube"
3162:"How Twitch is turning 'always be streaming' into a career with zero balance"
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1977:
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1717:"Top esports games 2020: Which titles are the biggest in competitive gaming?"
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1347:"Own3D ceases operations; all content to be deleted within 24 hours, forever"
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650:
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2492:"Battlegrounds Streamer's Audience Loves His Loud, Obnoxious Stream Snipers"
1939:
1217:
3852:
3449:"Why are streamers and players flocking to survival shooter Battlegrounds?"
2985:"Popular Twitch Streamers Temporarily Banned For Playing Copyrighted Music"
2466:"Streamer Ninja is in hot water for calling player IcyFive a stream sniper"
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in June 2018. Some of the bans were lifted, with the artist's record label
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481:
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310:
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31:
2386:"Streamers vs. stream-snipers: why cheaters will always prosper on Twitch"
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now hide the names of popular streamers. In
November 2018, live streamer
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3822:
3188:
2574:"With Mixer Dead In The Water, Twitch's Next Big Threat Could Be Tencent"
1654:"Valorant and the Platformization of Free-To-Play Games - Library Search"
1327:
660:
are a popular choice among streamers and can be spotted in most streams.
109:
30:"Game streaming" redirects here. For video gaming on remote servers, see
1973:"Hearthstone players won more than $ 1 million in the game's first year"
1742:"The impacts of live streaming and Twitch.tv on the video game industry"
1544:"The impacts of live streaming and Twitch.tv on the video game industry"
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3897:
3746:
2858:"Nintendo's Turn For a 180? 'Let's Play' Drama Might Have Happy Ending"
1932:
Proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Interactive TV and Video
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1241:
1237:
846:
231:
3390:"Playerunknown's Battlegrounds 'stream sniping' ban divides community"
3011:"Popular Twitch streamers temporarily banned thanks to DMCA takedowns"
2880:"Nintendo Announces Affiliate Program for YouTube Let's Play Creators"
2757:"Microsoft is shutting down Mixer and partnering with Facebook Gaming"
3953:
3857:
3817:
3812:
3659:
3228:"Twitch chat research shows how women streamers face objectification"
1204:
Live streaming of video games has many of the same legal issues that
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3353:"Study Shows Twitch Chat Is Very Different When Women Are Streaming"
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and overturn a decision by Nintendo to ban the game from the event.
140:, and other services. By 2014, Twitch streams had more traffic than
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external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into
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3699:"Twitch opens up a way for more people to make money broadcasting"
2731:"Loco raises $ 42 million in Series A funding round led by Hashed"
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1461:"Google launches YouTube Gaming to challenge Amazon-owned Twitch"
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857:
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223:, and many China based sites like Huya Live, DouYu and Bilibili.
170:
121:
2782:"Sports-focused streaming platform Caffeine abruptly shuts down"
551:
home. Finch was the unintended victim of the swatting after two
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3912:
3593:
3589:"Trying To 'Make It' As A Twitch Streamer Could Have Killed Me"
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3357:
3342:
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1998:"Gaming videos are bigger than HBO, Netflix, and Hulu combined"
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1591:"The Promotional Effects of Live Streams by Twitch Influencers"
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Video game live streaming has increased the popularity of many
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3677:"Three reasons streaming is replacing the Let's Play industry"
3567:"Popular Twitch streamer comes clean about drug use on stream"
3250:"Someone is donating thousands of dollars to Twitch streamers"
2958:"The Nintendo Creators Program draws to a close this December"
4151:
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4086:
4060:
4008:
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2833:"Nintendo claims ad revenue on user-generated YouTube videos"
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Smith, Thomas; Obrist, Marianna; Wright, Peter (2013-06-24).
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3184:"Here's What Twitch Thinks of Games, Streamers, and Viewers"
2414:"Rust's Anti-Stream Sniping Mode Exists Because of Cheaters"
2342:"Kansas Man Killed In 'SWATting' Attack — Krebs on Security"
2224:"Gamer raided by Swat team in front of thousands of viewers"
557:
players on the same team got into a heated argument about a
4070:
4065:
4039:
4023:
3434:"Why People Are Arguing About Women Streamers Showing Skin"
2629:"Tencent's Option To Become Huya's Controlling Shareholder"
1902:"Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Among Us game watched by 400,000"
1437:
1236:, were banned for 24 hours for allegedly playing a song by
646:
562:
502:
498:
3272:"It's Time For YouTubers And Twitch Streamers To Organize"
3035:"Twitch's DMCA Takedowns Threaten to Drive Musicians Away"
3742:"Start your own livestream on Twitch with our full guide"
2934:
2682:"Facebook eyes a big spot in Indian game streaming space"
654:
547:, police officers killed a man named Andrew Finch at his
490:
141:
3338:"The Mom Who Moderates Her Daughter's Rowdy Twitch Chat"
3316:"YouTuber Reminds Fans How Much Fake Donations Can Hurt"
2524:"How to get started on Twitch, according to the experts"
2324:"Kan. man killed by cops was victim of 'swatting' prank"
2196:"When Fans Take Their Love For Twitch Streamers Too Far"
1372:"Gamer's Death Pushes Risks of Live Streaming Into View"
407:. One of the biggest prize pools in esports was for the
3523:"The people who watch video games, but never play them"
1248:
uses music from his real life brother, music producer
1226:
Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act
4193:
3655:"YouTube is now better at live streaming than Twitch"
1426:
1424:
1422:
1420:
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1616:
Huda, Irfan Nabil; Salehudin, Imam (26 March 2024).
295:
abandoned its traditional pricing scheme and became
256:
234:$ 113 million for the exclusive rights to broadcast
3493:"Twitch Player: I'm Done Being a 'Boobie Streamer'"
3412:"The mass Twitch exodus: Why streamers are leaving"
2067:Zhang, Xiaoxing; Xiang, Yu; Hao, Lei (2019-07-03).
641:streaming to allow viewers to see them clearly. An
2930:"Nintendo to End Its Creators Program in December"
2548:"Best Gaming Laptops 2019 Reviews by What Laptops"
1417:
415:, which totaled a pool of US$ 25 million in 2017.
3088:may not follow Knowledge's policies or guidelines
2805:
1925:
1791:"Evo: An oral history of Super Smash Bros. Melee"
1433:"The complete guide to streaming games on Twitch"
1363:
230:website and live streaming service Bilibili paid
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2144:Johnson, Mark R.; Woodcock, Jamie (2019-02-23).
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3313:
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1589:Morozov, Ilya; Huang, Yufeng (6 October 2023).
1542:Johnson, Mark R; Woodcock, Jamie (2019-07-01).
1541:
437:
3368:"PUBG players won't stop honking at streamers"
1740:Johnson, Mark R; Woodcock, Jamie (July 2019).
1288:
3779:
3545:"YouTube is now the biggest threat to Twitch"
2066:
1651:
1615:
489:videos on YouTube and Twitch than for all of
54:The examples and perspective in this article
2806:GeraldKerr-Wilson, Fasken- (16 March 2021).
1588:
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708:YouTube Gaming booth at Google event in 2019
418:Smaller video game communities, such as the
2321:
2304:
2139:
2137:
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535:Streamers run the risk of being victims of
3786:
3772:
3611:"The beginner's guide to Twitch streaming"
3506:Hernandez, Patricia (September 26, 2016).
3351:D'Anastasio, Cecilia (November 23, 2016).
3292:D'Anastasio, Cecilia (February 15, 2017).
2604:"3 Chinese Live-Streaming Stocks to Watch"
2383:
1817:
1815:
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692:List of video game live streaming websites
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3124:Learn how and when to remove this message
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2384:Livingston, Christopher (9 August 2017).
2037:
1928:"Live-streaming changes the (Video) game"
1839:
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1401:"Mit der PS4 auf Twitch streamen - Guide"
1317:
1187:Caffeine has shut down on June 26, 2024.
92:Learn how and when to remove this message
3718:
3469:Hernandez, Patricia (February 6, 2013).
3225:
3203:
3140:"The Ultimate Guide to Twitch Streaming"
2955:
2877:
2707:"Loco: Shaking up the gaming status quo"
2153:Information, Communication & Society
2130:
1647:
1645:
1430:
703:
465:2020 United States presidential election
211:, which was formed after the merging of
27:Internet broadcasting of video game play
3696:
3521:Hernandez, Patricia (August 16, 2019).
3431:
3270:D'Anastasio, Cecilia (April 12, 2017).
3247:
2900:Alexander, Julia (September 29, 2017).
2489:
2437:
2411:
2322:Sommerfeldt, Chris (29 December 2017).
2187:
2023:
1821:
1808:
1369:
283:, a vehicular soccer game developed by
14:
4218:
3697:Seppala, Timothy J. (April 21, 2017).
3674:
3630:
3586:
3564:
3542:
3491:Hernandez, Patricia (March 11, 2016).
3409:
3336:D'Anastasio, Cecilia (July 28, 2016).
3314:D'Anastasio, Cecilia (June 22, 2017).
3159:
3138:Andronico, Michael (August 11, 2017).
3008:
2855:
2779:
2754:
2463:
2364:
2279:
2116:Newstex Finance & Accounting Blogs
1995:
1970:
1733:
1681:
1458:
1344:
663:Home video game consoles, such as the
635:
359:, have seen renewed popularity due to
34:. For the level design technique, see
4033:Free, ad-supported, television (FAST)
3767:
3652:
3608:
3387:
3365:
3226:Campbell, Colin (November 24, 2016).
3181:
2928:Bankhurst, Adam (November 28, 2018).
2597:
2595:
2593:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2412:Grayson, Nathan (21 September 2015).
2254:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1714:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1642:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1398:
1370:Slotnik, Daniel E. (March 15, 2017).
1284:
1282:
457:St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
3446:
3068:
2956:Marshall, Cass (November 28, 2018).
2830:
2679:
2626:
2601:
2490:Grayson, Nathan (7 September 2017).
2221:
2194:D'Anastasio, Cecilia (May 2, 2017).
366:
356:The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time
40:
3565:Kollar, Philip (December 8, 2015).
3543:Khalid, Amrita (January 28, 2020).
3410:Goslin, Austen (January 28, 2020).
3248:Corriea, Alexa Ray (July 4, 2014).
2464:Asarch, Steven (11 November 2018).
1996:Bailey, Dustin (October 19, 2017).
1622:Jurnal Manajemen Dan Pemasaran Jasa
1431:Graziano, Dan (September 4, 2014).
1200:Legal issues with Let's Play videos
451:In December 2019, famous streamer,
24:
4173:Streaming video on demand services
3719:Tenbarge, Kat (October 12, 2019).
3675:Sawyer, Michael (March 29, 2017).
3432:Grayson, Nathan (March 20, 2015).
3063:
2590:
2508:
2365:Fagone, Jason (24 November 2015).
1889:
1668:
1530:
1459:Dredge, Stuart (August 26, 2015).
1279:
446:
25:
4237:
3587:Marino, Joe (February 24, 2017).
3366:Frank, Allegra (August 3, 2017).
2522:Andronico, Michael (2021-01-22).
2305:Sommerfeldt, Chris (2017-12-29).
1862:
1684:"eSports from the Virtual Stands"
1652:van der Molen, Kas (2022-08-18).
573:
289:Rocket League Championship Series
257:Impact on the video game industry
4203:
3447:Hall, Charlie (March 24, 2017).
3388:Frank, Allegra (July 30, 2017).
3206:"Racism, Hearthstone and Twitch"
3204:Campbell, Colin (May 12, 2016).
3160:Bowman, Ben (January 16, 2017).
3073:
2571:
2073:Chinese Journal of Communication
2024:Johnson, Mark R. (August 2019).
624:Counter Strike: Global Offensive
622:, first-person shooters such as
380:Counter Strike: Global Offensive
207:, which shut down in July 2020,
45:
3653:Savov, Vlad (August 10, 2015).
3609:Marks, Tom (January 29, 2015).
3027:
3002:
2977:
2949:
2921:
2893:
2871:
2849:
2824:
2799:
2773:
2748:
2723:
2698:
2673:
2657:"China Games Streaming Tracker"
2654:
2648:
2620:
2565:
2540:
2483:
2457:
2438:Grayson, Nathan (1 June 2018).
2431:
2405:
2377:
2358:
2334:
2298:
2273:
2248:
2215:
2107:
2060:
2017:
1989:
1964:
1919:
1856:
1783:
1715:James, Ford (4 February 2020).
1708:
1609:
1582:
1193:
1141:Shut down and was succeeded by
1017:Anirudh Pandita, Ashwin Suresh
3631:Sarkar, Samit (May 15, 2017).
2878:Williams, Katie (2014-05-27).
2856:Tolito, Stephan (2013-06-24).
2705:Sportstar, Team (2022-04-06).
1503:
1478:
1392:
1338:
13:
1:
4226:Video game streaming services
3009:Goslin, Austen (2018-06-22).
2280:Darrah, Nicole (2017-12-29).
2165:10.1080/1369118X.2017.1386229
2085:10.1080/17544750.2019.1583260
1971:Leslie, Callum (2014-12-31).
1841:10.21153/psj2020vol6no2art966
1688:Utrecht University Repository
1291:Journal of Consumer Marketing
1272:
470:
432:Evolution Championship Series
144:'s online streaming service,
3182:Brant, Tom (March 2, 2017).
2780:Dillon, Dak (26 June 2024).
2255:Manna, Nicole (2017-12-29).
1749:Media, Culture & Society
1548:Media, Culture & Society
1345:Wilson, Nick (30 May 2013).
438:Streamer-Viewer Relationship
226:In August 2020, China based
7:
2627:Haak, Alex (2 April 2020).
2371:The New York Times Magazine
1822:Jackson, Nathan J. (2020).
1255:
508:
184:
68:, discuss the issue on the
10:
4242:
2831:Gera, Emily (2013-05-16).
2755:Warren, Tom (2020-06-22).
1682:Drenth, A. R. van (2018).
1197:
1064:
189:
29:
4165:
4079:
4032:
3926:
3803:
2222:Hern, Alex (2015-02-05).
1635:10.25105/jmpj.v17i1.18463
876:
696:
681:Open Broadcaster Software
626:, and card games such as
18:Video game live streaming
2602:Agar, Ian (2019-11-19).
1761:10.1177/0163443718818363
1560:10.1177/0163443718818363
1511:"Rod Breslau on Twitter"
1303:10.1108/jcm-03-2020-3727
1234:Zachary "Sneaky" Scuderi
605:
530:
476:highly knowledgeable or
461:Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez
219:, the South Korea-based
4183:Puffer (research study)
1940:10.1145/2465958.2465971
1328:"Twitch Ads | Audience"
1041:and can be self-hosted
1037:Owncast is part of the
243:Mid-Season Invitational
2711:sportstar.thehindu.com
1166:and then succeeded by
709:
427:Super Smash Bros Melee
421:Super Smash Bros Melee
347:Older titles, such as
2039:10.5210/fm.v24i8.8279
964:(Minority ownership)
944:(Minority ownership)
707:
545:2017 Wichita swatting
319:Call of Duty: Warzone
291:. In September 2020,
3094:improve this article
2552:What Laptops Reviews
2367:"The Serial Swatter"
1399:Mugen (2019-12-15).
1218:YouTube's Content ID
128:, China-based sites
120:, before growing to
74:create a new article
66:improve this article
56:may not represent a
3106:footnote references
2346:krebsonsecurity.com
2311:New York Daily News
1595:SSRN Working Papers
1230:Félix "xQc" Lengyel
1123:Defunct as of 2020
796:steamcommunity.com
757:youtube.com/gaming
658:cardiod microphones
636:Streaming equipment
3796:internet streaming
3750:. December 1, 2016
2686:The Economic Times
1377:The New York Times
956:live.kuaishou.com
936:live.bilibili.com
874:November 24, 2014
710:
524:Fortnite World Cup
239:World Championship
4191:
4190:
3969:Hulu with Live TV
3134:
3133:
3126:
2680:Mandavia, Megha.
2261:The Wichita Eagle
1949:978-1-4503-1951-5
1191:
1190:
1182:January 31, 2018
1062:
1061:
839:December 1, 2022
616:League of Legends
413:The International
398:League of Legends
367:Impact on esports
248:League of Legends
237:League of Legends
102:
101:
94:
76:, as appropriate.
16:(Redirected from
4233:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4199:
3908:Vimeo Livestream
3788:
3781:
3774:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3757:
3755:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3726:Business Insider
3715:
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2812:www.lexology.com
2803:
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2128:
2127:
2118:. 29 July 2019.
2111:
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2058:
2057:
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2041:
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2015:
2014:
2012:
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1993:
1987:
1986:
1981:. Archived from
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1097:January 5, 2016
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4214:
4204:
4202:
4194:
4192:
4187:
4178:Streaming media
4161:
4137:PlayStation Vue
4075:
4028:
3927:Paid television
3922:
3863:IBM Cloud Video
3799:
3792:
3762:
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3130:
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3110:
3091:
3082:This article's
3078:
3074:
3066:
3064:Further reading
3061:
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2740:
2738:
2737:. 11 March 2022
2729:
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2674:
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2608:The Motley Fool
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1869:Washington Post
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1828:Persona Studies
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1275:
1267:Online streamer
1258:
1202:
1196:
1067:
1032:August 8, 2020
1029:owncast.online
905:'s global site
823:Rainberry, Inc.
819:September 2018
699:
694:
645:(as opposed to
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449:
447:Social activism
440:
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259:
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36:Level streaming
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3944:DirecTV Stream
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3086:external links
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3001:
2991:. 23 June 2018
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2786:NewscastStudio
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2159:(3): 336–351.
2129:
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2079:(3): 340–355.
2059:
2016:
1988:
1985:on 9 May 2016.
1963:
1948:
1918:
1888:
1863:Favis, Elise.
1855:
1807:
1782:
1755:(5): 670–688.
1732:
1707:
1667:
1641:
1608:
1581:
1554:(5): 670–688.
1529:
1502:
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1405:Mugens Reviews
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1297:(6): 639–650.
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1246:PhatUnicorn420
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4127:Peacock Free
4080:Discontinued
3752:. Retrieved
3745:
3730:. Retrieved
3724:
3708:. Retrieved
3702:
3686:. Retrieved
3680:
3664:. Retrieved
3658:
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3096:by removing
3083:
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3038:
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3014:
3004:
2993:. Retrieved
2988:
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2969:November 30,
2967:. Retrieved
2961:
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2941:November 30,
2939:. Retrieved
2933:
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2884:. Retrieved
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2622:
2611:. Retrieved
2607:
2581:. Retrieved
2577:
2572:Holt, Kris.
2567:
2556:. Retrieved
2554:. 2018-11-30
2551:
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2531:. Retrieved
2527:
2499:. Retrieved
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2314:. Retrieved
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2228:The Guardian
2227:
2217:
2205:. Retrieved
2199:
2189:
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2152:
2115:
2109:
2076:
2072:
2062:
2051:. Retrieved
2030:First Monday
2029:
2019:
2007:. Retrieved
2001:
1991:
1983:the original
1976:
1966:
1931:
1921:
1910:. Retrieved
1908:. 2020-10-21
1905:
1880:. Retrieved
1868:
1858:
1834:(2): 69–87.
1831:
1827:
1799:. Retrieved
1797:. 2017-07-12
1794:
1785:
1752:
1748:
1735:
1724:. Retrieved
1720:
1710:
1699:. Retrieved
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1621:
1611:
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1547:
1524:
1518:. Retrieved
1514:
1505:
1494:. Retrieved
1492:. 2020-08-03
1489:
1480:
1470:September 5,
1468:. Retrieved
1465:The Guardian
1464:
1454:
1442:. Retrieved
1436:
1408:. Retrieved
1404:
1394:
1375:
1365:
1354:. Retrieved
1350:
1340:
1331:
1294:
1290:
1223:
1215:
1203:
1194:Legal issues
1179:caffeine.tv
1162:Acquired by
1054:August 2019
899:May 3, 2018
854:March, 2020
700:
662:
639:
627:
623:
619:
615:
613:
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594:
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554:Call of Duty
552:
534:
512:
505:, combined.
474:
450:
441:
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417:
411:tournament,
408:
402:
396:
390:
384:
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374:Call of Duty
372:
370:
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311:free-to-play
308:
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297:free-to-play
292:
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209:Smashcast.tv
193:
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164:
158:
152:
150:
116:-based site
103:
88:
79:
55:
32:cloud gaming
4210:Video games
3823:Beyond Live
3189:PC Magazine
3145:Tom's Guide
2475:21 December
2449:21 December
2423:21 December
2397:21 December
2009:October 19,
1696:1874/368808
1658:Press Start
1628:(1): 1–22.
1490:Dot Esports
1051:mildom.com
851:trovo.live
629:Hearthstone
313:games like
110:video games
4056:Sling Free
4019:YouTube TV
3979:Paramount+
3949:Foxtel Now
3898:Trovo Live
3754:August 11,
3747:GamesRadar
3710:August 11,
3688:August 11,
3666:August 11,
3644:August 12,
3622:August 11,
3600:August 11,
3578:August 12,
3534:August 18,
3482:August 12,
3460:August 12,
3401:August 12,
3379:August 12,
3327:August 11,
3305:August 11,
3283:August 11,
3261:August 12,
3239:August 12,
3217:August 12,
3195:August 11,
3173:August 11,
3151:August 11,
3052:2021-04-09
3020:2021-04-09
2995:2021-04-09
2886:2014-05-27
2864:2014-04-25
2842:2013-05-16
2817:2021-04-09
2766:2020-06-29
2741:2022-07-13
2716:2022-07-13
2691:2022-07-13
2666:2020-07-10
2613:2020-06-30
2583:2020-06-29
2558:2018-12-16
2533:2021-04-06
2501:2019-01-06
2351:2017-12-29
2316:2017-12-29
2291:2017-12-29
2266:2017-12-29
2241:2020-11-19
2207:August 27,
2124:2265730428
2053:2021-04-09
1912:2021-04-09
1882:2021-04-06
1801:2020-05-07
1726:2021-04-06
1721:gamesradar
1701:2021-04-09
1520:2020-08-03
1496:2020-08-03
1444:August 11,
1410:2020-11-19
1356:2022-09-18
1273:References
1262:Gamecaster
1242:Interscope
1238:Juice WRLD
1206:Let's Play
1154:hitbox.tv
1118:May, 2017
1094:mixer.com
915:douyu.com
847:Trovo Live
793:Broadcast
737:twitch.tv
561:1.50 bet.
487:Let's Play
471:Profession
232:Riot Games
4132:Periscope
4107:Hitbox.tv
3954:Frndly TV
3818:Bigo Live
3813:AfreecaTV
3732:March 24,
3660:The Verge
3556:March 24,
3423:March 24,
3098:excessive
3047:1059-1028
2761:The Verge
2236:0261-3077
2181:149025429
2173:1369-118X
2101:151095283
2093:1754-4750
2048:199571895
1877:0190-8286
1850:233700032
1777:150186565
1769:0163-4437
1576:150186565
1568:0163-4437
1386:0362-4331
1332:Twitch.tv
1311:258118414
1168:Smashcast
1143:Smashcast
1133:azubu.tv
1111:Smashcast
1101:Microsoft
1039:Fediverse
992:afreecaTV
903:Huya Live
880:(50.1%),
871:huya.com
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