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where the highest point reached 105 m (344 ft) above sea level. In the 1990s there was an area of about 10 hectares (25 acres) at the northern end of the island that was unglaciated. Since then the ice cover has retreated and has remained a narrow strip of unglaciated shore stretching along
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the crew were given detailed instructions to erect a staffed wireless station and leave a wintering crew on Franz Josef Land, and also to claim
Victoria Island on behalf of Christensen. The expedition never reached Franz Josef Land nor Victoria Island due to severe ice conditions. On 29 July 1929,
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The following years
Norwegian authorities put much effort into annexing Victoria Island and Franz Josef Land. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs did not wish to take any measures to lay official claims but had no objection to private initiatives. In 1929 consul Lars Christensen of
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decree of 15 April 1926 that claimed a Soviet sector in the Arctic region that also included Franz Josef Land and
Victoria Island. Norway was notified on 6 May and officially protested on 19 December, contesting the Soviet claim.
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was however kept secret, and Norway never officially claimed the island later, probably due to fear of upsetting the Soviet Union. In
September 1932, it became known that the Soviet Union had annexed the island.
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and the ship's captain Peder
Eliassen. Horn claimed the island and raised a sign on the beach, stating the claim, and left building materials for a cabin, nails and a hammer. The true purpose of the
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Norway did not officially contest the Soviet annexation of Franz Josef Land itself but continued their efforts regarding
Victoria Island and a new attempt was made the following year. The ship MS
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The island was discovered on 20 July 1898 by two
Norwegian sealing captains, Johannes Nilsen and Ludvig Bernard Sebulonsen. The next day, captain P. W. Nilsen of the steam yacht
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Victoria Island has a surface area of 10.8 km (4.2 sq mi) and was formerly almost completely covered by an
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arrived at
Victoria Island on 8 August 1930. At 04:30 a group of seven men went ashore, among them the expedition leader
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raised the Soviet flag at Tikaya Bay, Hooker Island, and declared that Franz Josef Land was a part of the Soviet Union.
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The maximum height of
Victoria Island is 105 m (344 ft). The Northwestern cape is known as Cape Knipovich (
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The
Bratvaag Expedition nevertheless became well-known due to the findings of the long-lost remains of the
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the northwestern side. By 2012 the surface of the ice cap was only 6.1 km (2.4 sq mi).
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Although Victoria Island is situated only less than 32 nautical miles (59 km; 37 mi) off
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I. Gjertz, B. Mørkved, "Norwegian Arctic Expansionism, Victoria Island (Russia) and the
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archipelago, it lies east of the territories put under the sovereignty of
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Victoria Island is mostly covered with ice and snow the whole year round (
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Expedition", Arctic, Vol. 51, No. 4 (December 1998), P. 330-335 (
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is administered as part of Franz Josef Land and belongs to the
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500:(PDF; 132 kB), IASC Report No. 5, Sosnowiec-Oslo 1996.
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346:in 1920. Consequently, the island was considered
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494:, Ch. 2.7 in: Jacek Jania, Jon Ove Hagen (Ed.):
421:S. A. Andrée's Arctic balloon expedition of 1897
57:Location of Victoria Island in the Arctic Ocean
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569:Territorial disputes of the Soviet Union
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16:Arctic island of the Russian Federation
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510:Victoria Ice Cap (Victoria Island)
122:10.8 km (4.2 sq mi)
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497:Mass Balance of Arctic Glaciers
275:administrative division of the
574:Territorial disputes of Norway
519:, GLIMS Glacier Database, 2008
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564:Norway–Soviet Union relations
559:Islands of Arkhangelsk Oblast
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554:Islands of the Arctic Ocean
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437:List of glaciers in Russia
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138:3.3 km (2.05 mi)
130:6.5 km (4.04 mi)
442:List of islands of Russia
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490:Andrey F. Glazovskiy:
383:. Upon departure from
269:Russian Arctic islands
243:, halfway between the
143:Highest elevation
409:Bratvaag Expedition
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212:. It is located at
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515:2016-02-16 at the
447:Queen Victoria Sea
344:Spitsbergen Treaty
277:Russian Federation
273:Arkhangelsk Oblast
210:Russian Federation
151:Highest point
72:Queen Victoria Sea
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342:according to the
231:80.150°N 36.767°E
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175:Demographics
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76:Arctic Ocean
45:image, 2020)
405:Gunnar Horn
325:Arnold Pike
323:adventurer
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82:Coordinates
548:Categories
467:"Victoria"
453:References
423:on nearby
388:Professor
381:Hvalrossen
361:Sandefjord
350:, until a
180:Population
154:Ice cap HP
43:Sentinel-2
476:2 October
419:explorer
373:Antarctic
263:Geography
245:Norwegian
63:Geography
26:Russian:
534:Bratvaag
513:Archived
471:Mapcarta
431:See also
401:Bratvaag
336:Svalbard
317:Victoria
251:and the
249:Svalbard
68:Location
425:Kvitøya
417:Swedish
390:Schmidt
379:and MC
377:Torsnes
371:in the
334:in the
332:Kvitøya
321:English
311:History
304:ice cap
298:Ice cap
284:Russian
253:Russian
222:36°46′E
194:Russian
94:36°46′E
91:80°09′N
385:Tromsø
352:Soviet
340:Norway
219:80°9′N
206:Arctic
167:Russia
127:Length
135:Width
478:2016
367:and
119:Area
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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