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reach up and start to penetrate a base of a building, their energy flow density, due to reflections, reduces dramatically: usually, up to 90%. However, the remaining portions of the incident waves during a major earthquake still bear a huge devastating potential.
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Mechanical snubbers operate on the standards of restricting acceleration of any pipe movements to a threshold of 0.2 g's, which is the maximum acceleration that the snubber will permit the piping to see.
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Standards and guidelines for testing, installation, and performance of mechanical equipment have been created in order to provide attachment methods for
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412 Manual: Installing
Seismic Restraints for Mechanical Equipment (VISCMA / Vibration Isolation and Seismic Control Manufacturers Association)
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For this, some pads are inserted into all major load-carrying elements in the base of the building which should substantially
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However, there is quite another approach: partial suppression of the seismic energy flow into the superstructure known as
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incorporate real-time recording instrumentation on the ground integrated with earthquake input processing equipment and
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which has been implemented in a number of historical buildings all over the world and remains in the focus of
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are often used for vibration control. Snubbers come in two different variations: hydraulic snubber and a
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a superstructure from its substructure resting on a shaking ground. It also requires creating a rigidity
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equipment located in noise sensitive areas. One manual that provides such specifications is:
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Hydraulic snubbers are used on piping systems when restrained thermal movement is allowed.
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Devices of the last kind, abbreviated correspondingly as TMD for the tuned (
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around the building, as well as making provisions against overturning and
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portions of the whole wave frequencies band with the help of so-called
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Vibration
Control of Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing, and & HVAC
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to disperse the wave energy between a wider range of frequencies;
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the wave energy inside a superstructure with properly engineered
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have combined features of active and passive control systems.
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capability between them, structural elements and the ground;
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All seismic vibration control devices may be classified as
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Piping
Technology and Products, (retrieved March 2012)
201:, predominantly in Japan, for a quarter of a century.
350:Active, Hybrid and Semi-Active Structural Control
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413:Piping Technology and Products, (retrieved 2012)
348:Chu, S.Y.; Soong, T.T.; Reinhorn, A.M. (2005).
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352:. John Wiley & Sons.
282:Active vibration control
240:In refineries or plants
449:considered for deletion
302:Metallic roller bearing
287:Anti-vibration compound
176:San Francisco City Hall
92:passive control devices
479:Earthquake engineering
394:"想いをかたちに 未来へつなぐ 竹中工務店"
335:physics-animations.com
216:earthquake engineering
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112:hybrid control devices
102:active control devices
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36:earthquake engineering
193:, and as HMD for the
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108:within the structure;
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218:research for years.
82:being tested at the
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312:Vibration isolation
199:high-rise buildings
195:hybrid mass dampers
132:seismic performance
29:Vibration isolation
411:Hydraulic Snubbers
398:www.takenaka.co.jp
246:mechanical snubber
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318:References
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227:diaphragm
140:dissipate
106:actuators
474:Building
440:template
276:See also
242:snubbers
223:decouple
158:resonant
96:feedback
94:have no
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