104:
770:
93:
629:
224:
576:
235:. They use a comparatively lightweight component to reduce the vibration of a system so that its worst-case vibrations are less intense. Roughly speaking, practical systems are tuned to either move the main mode away from a troubling excitation frequency, or to add damping to a resonance that is difficult or expensive to damp directly. An example of the latter is a crankshaft torsional damper. Mass dampers are frequently implemented with a frictional or hydraulic component that turns mechanical kinetic energy into heat, like an automotive
357:. This assumes that the system is linear, so if the force on the motor were to double, so would the force on the motor mounts. The blue line represents the baseline system, with a maximum response of 9 units of force at around 9 units of frequency. The red line shows the effect of adding a tuned mass of 10% of the baseline mass. It has a maximum response of 5.5, at a frequency of 7. As a side effect, it also has a second normal mode and will vibrate somewhat more than the baseline system at frequencies below about 6 and above about 10.
696:
814:
163:
309:
372:
43:
440:, the blue line shows the motion of the damping mass and the red line shows the motion of the primary mass. The amplitude plot shows that at low frequencies, the damping mass resonates much more than the primary mass. The phase plot shows that at low frequencies, the two masses are in phase. As the frequency increases
799:
in people. A TMD is usually tuned to its building's resonant frequency to work efficiently. However, during their lifetimes, high-rise and slender buildings may experience natural resonant frequency changes under wind speed, ambient temperature and relative humidity variations, among other factors,
566:
incorporated a tuned mass damper (referred to as a "Batteur" in the original French) of very similar design to that used in the
Renault F1 car, from the start of production in 1949 on all four wheels, before being removed from the rear and eventually the front wheels in the mid 1970s.
760:
technologies. As mentioned above, damping devices had been used in the aeronautics and automobile industries long before they were standard in mitigating seismic damage to buildings. In fact, the first specialized damping devices for earthquakes were not developed until late in 1950.
539:
and, more rarely, the bending modes of the crankshaft. They are also used on the driveline for gearwhine, and elsewhere for other noises or vibrations on the exhaust, body, suspension or anywhere else. Almost all modern cars will have one mass damper, and some may have ten or more.
514:
Two weeks later, the FIA International Court of Appeal deemed the mass damper illegal. It was deemed to be illegal because the mass was not rigidly attached to the chassis; the influence the damper had on the pitch attitude of the car in turn affected the gap under the car and the
360:
The heights of the two peaks can be adjusted by changing the stiffness of the spring in the tuned mass damper. Changing the damping also changes the height of the peaks, in a complex fashion. The split between the two peaks can be changed by altering the mass of the damper
587:
with pedestrian loads. By adding a tuned mass damper, damping is added to the structure which causes the vibration of the structure to be reduced as the vibration steady state amplitude is inversely proportional to the damping of the structure.
790:
The force of wind against tall buildings can cause the top of skyscrapers to move more than a meter. This motion can be in the form of swaying or twisting, and can cause the upper floors of such buildings to move. Certain angles of wind and
674:
A standard tuned mass damper for wind turbines consists of an auxiliary mass which is attached to the main structure by means of springs and dashpot elements. The natural frequency of the tuned mass damper is basically defined by its
723:
Unwanted vibration may be caused by environmental forces acting on a structure, such as wind or earthquake, or by a seemingly innocuous vibration source causing resonance that may be destructive, unpleasant or simply inconvenient.
683:. The tuned parameter of the tuned mass damper enables the auxiliary mass to oscillate with a phase shift with respect to the motion of the structure. In a typical configuration, an auxiliary mass hung below the
320:) the 10% tuned mass. The peak response is reduced from 9 units down to 5.5 units. While the maximum response force is reduced, there are some operating frequencies for which the response force is increased.
781:
Masses of people walking up and down stairs at once, or great numbers of people stomping in unison, can cause serious problems in large structures like stadiums if those structures lack damping measures.
2040:
324:
The graph shows the effect of a tuned mass damper on a simple spring–mass–damper system, excited by vibrations with an amplitude of one unit of force applied to the main mass,
1784:
1482:
Heinemeyer, Cristoph; Butz, Christiane; Keil, Andreas; Schlaich, Mike; Goldbeck, Arndt; Trometor, Stefan; Lukic, Mladen; Chabrolin, Bruno; Lemaire, Armand (2009-10-01).
583:
The tuned mass damper is widely being used as a method to add damping to bridges. One use-case for tuned mass dampers in bridges is to prevent large vibrations due to
1306:
in
Philadelphia — A set of five tuned dampers containing 125,000 gallons of water—about 500 tons—are located on the 57th floor between the hotel's rooms and lobby.
1401:
507:. The system reportedly reduced lap times by 0.3 seconds: a phenomenal gain for a relatively simple device. The stewards of the meeting deemed it legal, but the
1702:. Švácha, Rostislav., Beran, Lukáš, 1978-, Muzeum umění Olomouc., SIAL architekti a inženýři (Firm) (1st ed.). Olomouc: Arbor vitae. 2010. pp. 50–61.
1619:
543:
The usual design of damper on the crankshaft consists of a thin band of rubber between the hub of the pulley and the outer rim. This device, often called a
1808:
1885:
2011:
1669:
61:
2089:
2033:
1548:
519:
of the car. As such, the damper was considered to be a movable aerodynamic device and hence an illegal influence on the performance of the
249:
attached via motor mounts to the ground, the motor vibrates as it operates and the soft motor mounts act as a parallel spring and damper,
2036:
1900:
889:
1967:
1639:
748:, and the height and construction of the building. Seismic activity can cause excessive oscillations of the building which may lead to
1290:
and completed in 1977, it was one of the first skyscrapers to use a tuned mass damper to reduce sway. Uses a concrete version.
1096:
in Japan, formerly the world's longest suspension bridge, uses pendulums within its suspension towers as tuned mass dampers.
1625:
270:. In order to reduce the maximum force on the motor mounts as the motor operates over a range of speeds, a smaller mass,
103:
2059:
1756:
1223:
835:
184:
1509:"Efficient measurement of floating breakwater vibration and controlled vibration parameters using compressive sensing"
769:
331:. An important measure of performance is the ratio of the force on the motor mounts to the force vibrating the motor,
1951:
1707:
1679:
1361:
861:
210:
79:
989:
skyscraper — 660 metric tons (730 short tons) damper, formerly the world's heaviest. Located on 87th to 92nd floors.
843:
192:
1513:
Proceedings of the
Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment
1293:
1264:
1135:
957:
839:
188:
1863:
552:
142:
of the object it is mounted to, and reduces the object's maximum amplitude while weighing much less than it.
927:— employs tuned liquid column dampers, a unique form of tuned mass damper at the time of their installation.
600:
solid fuel booster was to use 16 tuned mass dampers as part of a design strategy to reduce peak loads from 6
395:
is more complex, showing the phase and magnitude of the motion of each mass, for the two cases, relative to
1256:
1999:
1685:
1322:(1976) — The first building to use a tuned mass damper, which was added after the building was completed.
1300:— Contains the largest Tuned Liquid Column Damper (TLCD) in the world at 1,300 short tons (1,200 t).
1212:— nicknamed 'The Wobbly Bridge' due to swaying under heavy foot traffic. Dampers were fitted in response.
659:
17:
1437:
2007:
1731:
1056:
774:
556:
92:
1796:
To arrest any sway of such a tall structure, two Tuned Mass
Dampers of 250 tonnes each have been used.
1303:
1170:
504:
1573:
628:
2074:
1939:
1594:
Sauter, D; Hagedorn, P (December 2002). "On the hysteresis of wire cables in
Stockbridge dampers".
1483:
1268:
1209:
824:
703:
When installed in buildings, dampers are typically huge concrete blocks or steel bodies mounted in
173:
1348:— The first building in the United States to be designed with a tuned mass damper from the outset.
227:
A schematic of a simple spring–mass–damper system used to demonstrate the tuned mass damper system
1114:
907:
887:- has a water tank used to dampen oscillations from high winds and potentially from earthquakes.
828:
177:
1974:
1085:
1838:
1772:
Two 250 tonne tuned mass dampers were placed at chest height to control the sway in high winds.
1162:
1943:
1908:
1647:
1508:
1009:
575:
223:
1744:
1603:
1458:
1341:
1309:
1252:
1236:
1166:
1046:– two tuned mass dampers of 250 ton each located at the chest level of Sardar Patel statue.
663:
516:
57:
8:
1552:
1287:
1075:— designed with a tuned mass damper to ensure aerodynamic stability during a wind storm .
753:
617:
536:
1607:
482:
and simultaneously pulls on the primary mass in the same direction as the motor mounts.
2079:
1725:
1524:
1351:
1315:
1155:
1003:
749:
655:
633:
146:
139:
1868:
The
Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Jassy, Construction. Architecture Section
1615:
1947:
1932:
1802:
1713:
1703:
1675:
1528:
1369:
1215:
973:
884:
757:
647:
544:
31:
1864:"Recent Applications of Some Active Control Systems to Civil Engineering Structures"
2084:
1611:
1516:
1283:
1272:
1103:
1027:
1243:— Contains the heaviest solid damper in the world, at 800 short tons (730 t).
2044:
1331:
1277:
1246:
1148:
1072:
1034:
961:
951:
920:
796:
712:
2000:"Engineers on the rise: Four young professionals tackle a career-making project"
1357:
1260:
947:
803:
695:
676:
236:
107:
1520:
563:
2068:
1717:
1643:
1382:
1335:
1240:
1109:
1099:
1023:
745:
149:. They are frequently used in power transmission, automobiles and buildings.
135:
1549:"Ares I Thrust Oscillation meetings conclude with encouraging data, changes"
1297:
1192:
1180:
1129:
1068:
880:
733:
637:
520:
1886:"Tapering Begins as 111 West 57th Street Reaches for 1,428-Foot Pinnacle"
1364:
1325:
1030:— a 50-ton tuned mass damper installed just beneath the ATC floor at 90m.
903:
792:
500:
495:
The tuned mass damper was introduced as part of the suspension system by
232:
531:
Tuned mass dampers are widely used in production cars, typically on the
1176:
986:
737:
704:
532:
97:
1402:"How Renault Won a World Championship by Creating a Tuned Mass Damper"
547:, is located on the other end of the crankshaft opposite of where the
1219:
1106:, uses a TMD to damp vibrations in two intertwined helical stairways.
924:
741:
708:
584:
392:
376:
131:
1012:– cylindrical containers filled with granulate in the mast structure
813:
308:
162:
1862:
Luca, Septimiu-George; Pastia, Cristian; Chira, Florentina (2007).
930:
548:
405:
In the plots at right, the black line shows the baseline response (
1345:
1338:— First building in California to have a liquid tuned mass damper
1093:
1039:
934:
756:, a proper building design is performed engaging various seismic
684:
680:
651:
641:
496:
138:
springs. Its oscillation frequency is tuned to be similar to the
1484:"Design of Lightweight Footbridges for Human Induced Vibrations"
1319:
1089:
999:
795:
properties of a building can accentuate the movement and cause
662:
to reduce the high-frequency, low-amplitude oscillation termed
597:
461:, maximizing the damping effect by maximizing the amplitude of
1823:
690:
231:
Tuned mass dampers stabilize against violent motion caused by
1757:"India Unveils 'Statue of Unity' - The Worlds Largest Statue"
1196:
1043:
579:
371:
1934:
Invention by Design: How
Engineers Get from Thought to Thing
1422:
Bishop, Matt (2006). "The Long
Interview: Flavio Briatore".
804:
Examples of buildings and structures with tuned mass dampers
744:
in various ways depending on the frequency and direction of
687:
of a wind turbine supported by dampers or friction plates.
312:
Response of the system excited by one unit of force, with (
1481:
608:, with the TMDs being responsible for the reduction from 1
305:
is the effective force on the motor due to its operation.
508:
454:
until at around 9.5 Hz it is 180° out of phase with
130:, is a device mounted in structures to reduce mechanical
1839:"Ribbon Chapel / Hiroshi Nakamura & NAP Architects"
551:
and the transmission are. An alternative design is the
1787:. 2019-03-23. Archived from the original on 2019-03-23
623:
718:
707:
or other structures, which move in opposition to the
777:
in London. The white disk is not part of the damper.
1671:
Earthquakes and
Engineers: An International History
632:The small black objects attached to the cables are
52:
may be too technical for most readers to understand
1931:
890:"Engineering and Construction of the Sydney Tower"
699:Location of Taipei 101's largest tuned mass damper
27:Device designed to reduce vibrations in structures
1354:— Uses two liquid filled dampers in New York City
145:TMDs can prevent discomfort, damage, or outright
2066:
1807:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1861:
1574:"Shock Absorber Plan Set for NASA's New Rocket"
1785:"The Statue of Unity | Sardar Patel | L&T"
1593:
485:
134:, consisting of a mass mounted on one or more
1997:
1596:International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics
1506:
954:, is the third tallest building in the world.
591:
475:, this maximizes the energy dissipated into
2060:Structures Incorporating Tuned Mass Dampers
2037:Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
1507:Akkas, Kaan; Bayindir, Cihan (2023-10-13).
1006:) — tuned mass damper located in the spire.
842:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
764:
691:Dampers in buildings and related structures
669:
596:One proposal to reduce vibration on NASA's
191:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2026:
1667:
1661:
711:oscillations of the structure by means of
620:between the upper stages and the booster.
570:
1822:ACS, Matthew Allard (November 24, 2015).
862:Learn how and when to remove this message
211:Learn how and when to remove this message
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
64:, without removing the technical details.
1929:
1892:
1836:
1830:
768:
694:
679:and the damping ratio determined by the
627:
574:
370:
307:
222:
102:
91:
1459:"Jan Linzelviaduct – Tuned Mass Damper"
14:
2090:Earthquake and seismic risk mitigation
2067:
2014:from the original on November 22, 2017
1438:"FIA bans controversial damper system"
1421:
616:, the rest being done by conventional
1837:Nakamura, Hiroshi (4 February 2015).
379:of displacements in the system with (
62:make it understandable to non-experts
840:adding citations to reliable sources
807:
800:which requires a robust TMD design.
636:on this 400 kV power line near
189:adding citations to reliable sources
156:
36:
1998:Bob Fernandez (December 10, 2014).
1898:
1821:
624:Dampers in power transmission lines
263:. The force on the motor mounts is
24:
1692:
1640:"Cable clingers – 27 October 2007"
719:Sources of vibration and resonance
526:
25:
2101:
2053:
2034:"One Madison Park, New York City"
1362:Los Angeles International Airport
412: = 0). Now considering
812:
511:appealed against that decision.
161:
41:
1991:
1960:
1923:
1901:"In Detail> 432 Park Avenue"
1878:
1855:
1815:
1777:
1749:
1738:
1632:
1286:in New York City — Designed by
1136:Independence Square, Nur-Sultan
958:Shanghai World Financial Center
1587:
1566:
1541:
1500:
1475:
1451:
1430:
1415:
1394:
1218:— Prior to the topping out of
727:
13:
1:
1616:10.1016/S0020-7462(02)00028-8
1388:
1278:Bloomberg Tower/731 Lexington
740:will make buildings sway and
553:centrifugal pendulum absorber
490:
752:. To enhance the building's
555:which is used to reduce the
152:
7:
1668:Reitherman, Robert (2012).
1488:JRC Publications Repository
1440:. Pitpass.com. 21 July 2006
1376:
1332:One Rincon Hill South Tower
486:Mass dampers in automobiles
10:
2106:
2008:Philadelphia Media Network
1674:. Reston, VA: ASCE Press.
1224:tallest building in the UK
1181:offshore drilling platform
1161:Steel chimneys in Moscow (
1057:Tehran International Tower
592:Mass dampers in spacecraft
557:internal combustion engine
284:by a spring and a damper,
29:
1905:The Architect's Newspaper
1521:10.1177/14750902231203777
1304:Comcast Technology Center
1171:Sochi Thermal Power Plant
1134:"Kazakh Eli" monument at
559:'s torsional vibrations.
505:2005 Brazilian Grand Prix
1940:Harvard University Press
1930:Petroski, Henry (1996).
1210:London Millennium Bridge
1199:— 11 tuned mass dampers.
765:Mechanical human sources
670:Dampers in wind turbines
499:on its 2005 F1 car (the
447:moves out of phase with
242:Given a motor with mass
2043:28 January 2018 at the
1576:. SPACE.com. 2008-08-19
1119:Chiba Port Tower, Japan
1115:Yokohama Landmark Tower
785:
715:, fluid, or pendulums.
571:Mass dampers in bridges
562:All four wheels of the
96:Tuned mass damper atop
1730:: CS1 maint: others (
1271:Pedestrian Bridges in
1222:in 2012, this was the
1163:Thermal Power Plant 27
778:
700:
644:
580:
388:
321:
228:
111:
100:
1010:VLF transmitter DHO38
772:
698:
631:
578:
387:) the 10% tuned mass.
374:
311:
226:
106:
95:
2032:Staff (August 2011)
1980:on February 17, 2012
1310:Grand Canyon Skywalk
1237:111 West 57th Street
1187:United Arab Emirates
1167:Ryazan Power Station
1147:Victory Monument at
1086:Akashi Kaikyō Bridge
836:improve this section
185:improve this section
1608:2002IJNLM..37.1453S
1553:NASASpaceFlight.com
1288:William LeMessurier
754:seismic performance
709:resonance frequency
656:Stockbridge dampers
634:Stockbridge dampers
618:vibration isolators
537:torsional vibration
122:), also known as a
1826:– via Vimeo.
1352:Random House Tower
1316:John Hancock Tower
1156:Sochi Olympic Park
1002:Television Tower (
908:Balneário Camboriú
779:
750:structural failure
701:
648:High-tension lines
645:
581:
535:pulley to control
389:
322:
277:, is connected to
233:harmonic vibration
229:
147:structural failure
140:resonant frequency
112:
101:
30:For the song, see
1745:taipei-101.com.tw
1426:(October): 66–76.
1404:. Moregoodink.com
1370:Trump World Tower
1216:One Canada Square
1154:Olympic torch at
885:Sydney, Australia
872:
871:
864:
775:Millennium Bridge
758:vibration control
658:hanging from the
650:often have small
221:
220:
213:
124:harmonic absorber
116:tuned mass damper
110:tuned mass damper
90:
89:
82:
32:Tuned Mass Damper
16:(Redirected from
2097:
2048:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2010:(Digital), LLC.
1995:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1979:
1973:. Archived from
1972:
1968:"Comcast Center"
1964:
1958:
1957:
1937:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1907:. Archived from
1899:Stewart, Aaron.
1896:
1890:
1889:
1888:. 18 April 2018.
1882:
1876:
1875:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1849:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1806:
1798:
1793:
1792:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1768:
1761:Born to Engineer
1753:
1747:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1729:
1721:
1696:
1690:
1689:
1684:. Archived from
1665:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1646:. Archived from
1636:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1602:(8): 1453–1459.
1591:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1463:Flow engineering
1455:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1398:
1372:in New York City
1328:in New York City
1284:Citigroup Center
1280:in New York City
1249:in New York City
1104:Hiroshima, Japan
1028:New Delhi, India
893:
867:
860:
856:
853:
847:
816:
808:
439:
437:
436:
433:
430:
386:
382:
356:
354:
353:
345:
342:
319:
315:
216:
209:
205:
202:
196:
165:
157:
85:
78:
74:
71:
65:
45:
44:
37:
21:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2075:Shock absorbers
2065:
2064:
2056:
2051:
2045:Wayback Machine
2031:
2027:
2017:
2015:
1996:
1992:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1970:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1954:
1928:
1924:
1914:
1912:
1911:on 4 March 2016
1897:
1893:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1860:
1856:
1847:
1845:
1835:
1831:
1824:"RIBBON CHAPEL"
1820:
1816:
1800:
1799:
1790:
1788:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1766:
1764:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1743:
1739:
1723:
1722:
1710:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1682:
1666:
1662:
1653:
1651:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1622:
1592:
1588:
1579:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1558:
1556:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1533:
1531:
1505:
1501:
1492:
1490:
1480:
1476:
1467:
1465:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1443:
1441:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1420:
1416:
1407:
1405:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1379:
1265:Treasure Island
1247:432 Park Avenue
1149:Poklonnaya Hill
1073:Dublin, Ireland
1035:Statue of Unity
962:Shanghai, China
952:Shanghai, China
921:One Wall Centre
888:
868:
857:
851:
848:
833:
817:
806:
797:motion sickness
788:
773:Dampers on the
767:
730:
721:
693:
677:spring constant
672:
626:
594:
573:
545:harmonic damper
529:
527:Production cars
493:
488:
481:
474:
467:
460:
453:
446:
434:
431:
429:
423:
422:
420:
418:
411:
401:
384:
383:) and without (
380:
367:
352:
346:
343:
341:
335:
334:
332:
330:
317:
316:) and without (
313:
304:
297:
290:
283:
276:
269:
262:
255:
248:
217:
206:
200:
197:
182:
166:
155:
86:
75:
69:
66:
58:help improve it
55:
46:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2103:
2093:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2063:
2062:
2055:
2054:External links
2052:
2050:
2049:
2025:
1990:
1959:
1952:
1922:
1891:
1877:
1854:
1829:
1814:
1776:
1748:
1737:
1708:
1691:
1688:on 2012-07-26.
1680:
1660:
1631:
1586:
1565:
1540:
1499:
1474:
1450:
1429:
1414:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1367:
1358:Theme Building
1355:
1349:
1339:
1329:
1323:
1313:
1307:
1301:
1294:Comcast Center
1291:
1281:
1275:
1261:Caesars Palace
1250:
1244:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1227:
1213:
1206:
1205:
1204:United Kingdom
1201:
1200:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1174:
1159:
1152:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1097:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1047:
1031:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1007:
996:
995:
991:
990:
983:
982:
978:
977:
970:
969:
968:Czech republic
965:
964:
955:
948:Shanghai Tower
944:
943:
939:
938:
928:
917:
916:
912:
911:
900:
899:
895:
894:
877:
876:
870:
869:
820:
818:
811:
805:
802:
787:
784:
766:
763:
729:
726:
720:
717:
692:
689:
671:
668:
625:
622:
593:
590:
572:
569:
528:
525:
517:ground effects
492:
489:
487:
484:
479:
472:
465:
458:
451:
444:
427:
416:
409:
399:
365:
350:
339:
328:
302:
295:
288:
281:
274:
267:
260:
253:
246:
237:shock absorber
219:
218:
169:
167:
160:
154:
151:
128:seismic damper
108:Shanghai Tower
88:
87:
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2102:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2029:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1994:
1976:
1969:
1963:
1955:
1953:9780674463677
1949:
1945:
1941:
1936:
1935:
1926:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1895:
1887:
1881:
1874:(1–2): 21–28.
1873:
1869:
1865:
1858:
1844:
1840:
1833:
1825:
1818:
1810:
1804:
1797:
1786:
1780:
1773:
1762:
1758:
1752:
1746:
1741:
1733:
1727:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1709:9788087164419
1705:
1701:
1695:
1687:
1683:
1681:9780784410714
1677:
1673:
1672:
1664:
1650:on 5 May 2008
1649:
1645:
1644:New Scientist
1641:
1635:
1627:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1590:
1575:
1569:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1503:
1489:
1485:
1478:
1464:
1460:
1454:
1439:
1433:
1425:
1418:
1403:
1397:
1393:
1384:
1383:Antiresonance
1381:
1380:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1336:San Francisco
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1259:, Bally's-to-
1258:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1241:New York City
1238:
1235:
1234:
1231:United States
1230:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1110:Tokyo Skytree
1108:
1105:
1101:
1100:Ribbon Chapel
1098:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1024:Delhi Airport
1021:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1001:
998:
997:
993:
992:
988:
985:
984:
980:
979:
975:
972:
971:
967:
966:
963:
959:
956:
953:
949:
946:
945:
941:
940:
936:
932:
929:
926:
922:
919:
918:
914:
913:
909:
905:
902:
901:
897:
896:
891:
886:
882:
879:
878:
874:
873:
866:
863:
855:
845:
841:
837:
831:
830:
826:
821:This section
819:
815:
810:
809:
801:
798:
794:
783:
776:
771:
762:
759:
755:
751:
747:
746:ground motion
743:
739:
736:caused by an
735:
734:seismic waves
725:
716:
714:
710:
706:
697:
688:
686:
682:
678:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
643:
639:
635:
630:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
589:
586:
577:
568:
565:
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
541:
538:
534:
524:
522:
518:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
483:
478:
471:
468: −
464:
457:
450:
443:
426:
419: =
415:
408:
403:
398:
394:
378:
373:
369:
364:
358:
349:
338:
327:
310:
306:
301:
294:
287:
280:
273:
266:
259:
252:
245:
240:
238:
234:
225:
215:
212:
204:
194:
190:
186:
180:
179:
175:
170:This section
168:
164:
159:
158:
150:
148:
143:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
109:
105:
99:
94:
84:
81:
73:
63:
59:
53:
50:This article
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
2028:
2016:. Retrieved
2003:
1993:
1982:. Retrieved
1975:the original
1962:
1933:
1925:
1913:. Retrieved
1909:the original
1904:
1894:
1880:
1871:
1867:
1857:
1846:. Retrieved
1842:
1832:
1817:
1795:
1789:. Retrieved
1779:
1771:
1765:. Retrieved
1763:. 2018-11-02
1760:
1751:
1740:
1699:
1694:
1686:the original
1670:
1663:
1652:. Retrieved
1648:the original
1634:
1599:
1595:
1589:
1578:. Retrieved
1568:
1557:. Retrieved
1555:. 2008-12-09
1543:
1532:. Retrieved
1512:
1502:
1491:. Retrieved
1487:
1477:
1466:. Retrieved
1462:
1453:
1442:. Retrieved
1432:
1423:
1417:
1406:. Retrieved
1396:
1298:Philadelphia
1269:The Venetian
1193:Burj al-Arab
1130:Almaty Tower
1069:Dublin Spire
1033:
974:Ještěd Tower
881:Sydney Tower
858:
849:
834:Please help
822:
789:
780:
731:
722:
702:
673:
646:
638:Castle Combe
613:
609:
605:
601:
595:
582:
561:
542:
530:
521:aerodynamics
513:
494:
476:
469:
462:
455:
448:
441:
424:
413:
406:
404:
396:
390:
362:
359:
347:
336:
325:
323:
299:
292:
285:
278:
271:
264:
257:
250:
243:
241:
230:
207:
201:October 2009
198:
183:Please help
171:
144:
127:
123:
119:
115:
113:
76:
67:
51:
2018:December 3,
1942:. pp.
1365:Los Angeles
1326:One Madison
1004:Fernsehturm
904:Senna Tower
793:aerodynamic
728:Earthquakes
705:skyscrapers
564:Citroën 2CV
501:Renault R25
18:Mass damper
2069:Categories
2004:philly.com
1984:2010-02-07
1915:31 January
1848:2017-02-15
1791:2022-04-01
1767:2022-04-01
1654:2010-02-07
1580:2010-02-07
1559:2010-02-07
1534:2023-10-14
1493:2022-08-03
1468:2022-08-03
1444:2010-02-07
1408:2019-02-08
1389:References
1342:Park Tower
1177:Sakhalin-I
1124:Kazakhstan
1088:, between
1022:ATC Tower
987:Taipei 101
852:April 2012
738:earthquake
533:crankshaft
503:), at the
491:Motorsport
132:vibrations
98:Taipei 101
70:March 2020
2080:Resonance
2039:website.
1843:ArchDaily
1726:cite book
1718:677863682
1529:264110144
1424:F1 Racing
1312:, Arizona
1273:Las Vegas
1220:the Shard
1151:in Moscow
925:Vancouver
875:Australia
823:does not
742:oscillate
585:resonance
393:Bode plot
377:Bode plot
172:does not
153:Principle
2041:Archived
2012:Archived
1803:cite web
1626:13772262
1377:See also
1257:Bellagio
931:CN Tower
654:-shaped
549:flywheel
2085:Weights
1944:205–208
1604:Bibcode
1346:Chicago
1253:Bally's
1094:Shikoku
1063:Ireland
1040:Gujarat
994:Germany
935:Toronto
844:removed
829:sources
713:springs
685:nacelle
681:dashpot
664:flutter
652:barbell
642:England
612:to 0.25
604:to 0.25
497:Renault
438:
421:
355:
333:
193:removed
178:sources
56:Please
1950:
1716:
1706:
1678:
1623:
1527:
1320:Boston
1263:, and
1142:Russia
1090:Honshu
1000:Berlin
981:Taiwan
976:(1973)
915:Canada
898:Brazil
136:damped
1978:(PDF)
1971:(PDF)
1620:INIST
1525:S2CID
1197:Dubai
1179:— An
1080:Japan
1044:India
1017:India
942:China
660:wires
2020:2017
1948:ISBN
1917:2016
1809:link
1732:link
1714:OCLC
1704:ISBN
1700:Sial
1676:ISBN
1267:-to-
1255:-to-
1173:etc.
1092:and
1051:Iran
827:any
825:cite
786:Wind
732:The
598:Ares
391:The
385:blue
318:blue
291:and
256:and
176:any
174:cite
1612:doi
1517:doi
1360:at
1344:in
1318:in
1296:in
1239:in
1195:in
1165:),
1102:in
1071:in
1038:in
1026:in
960:in
950:in
933:in
923:in
906:in
883:in
838:by
509:FIA
381:red
368:).
314:red
298:.
187:by
126:or
120:TMD
60:to
2071::
2006:.
2002:.
1946:.
1938:.
1903:.
1872:53
1870:.
1866:.
1841:.
1805:}}
1801:{{
1794:.
1770:.
1759:.
1728:}}
1724:{{
1712:.
1642:.
1618:.
1610:.
1600:37
1598:.
1551:.
1523:.
1515:.
1511:.
1486:.
1461:.
1334:,
1169:,
1042:,
666:.
640:,
523:.
435:10
402:.
375:A
239:.
114:A
2047:.
2022:.
1987:.
1956:.
1919:.
1851:.
1811:)
1734:)
1720:.
1657:.
1628:.
1614::
1606::
1583:.
1562:.
1537:.
1519::
1496:.
1471:.
1447:.
1411:.
1226:.
1158:,
937:.
910:.
892:.
865:)
859:(
854:)
850:(
846:.
832:.
614:g
610:g
606:g
602:g
480:2
477:c
473:1
470:x
466:2
463:x
459:1
456:m
452:1
449:m
445:2
442:m
432:/
428:1
425:m
417:2
414:m
410:2
407:m
400:1
397:F
366:2
363:m
361:(
351:1
348:F
344:/
340:0
337:F
329:1
326:m
303:1
300:F
296:2
293:c
289:2
286:k
282:1
279:m
275:2
272:m
268:0
265:F
261:1
258:c
254:1
251:k
247:1
244:m
214:)
208:(
203:)
199:(
195:.
181:.
118:(
83:)
77:(
72:)
68:(
54:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
