289:
276:
248:
232:
219:
195:
165:
151:
134:
77:
59:
41:
27:
340:
2836:
2728:
714:
2788:
2824:
2812:
2738:
317:
2764:
296:
2800:
787:
2776:
456:
There are four commonly used configurations, designated A (the largest) through D (the tightest, when all the dishes are within 600 metres (2,000 ft) of the center point). The observatory normally cycles through all the various possible configurations (including several hybrids) every 16 months;
700:
announced that they will be replacing the ageing antennae with 160 new ones at the site, plus 100 auxiliary antennae located across North
America. The project, estimated to cost about $ 2 billion to build and around $ 90 million to run, will vastly expand the capabilities of the current installation
772:
The VLA site is open to visitors with paid admission. A visitor center houses a small museum, theater, and a gift shop. A self-guided walking tour is available, as the visitor center is not staffed continuously. Visitors unfamiliar with the area are warned that there is little food on site, or in
517:
In 2011, a decade-long upgrade project resulted in the VLA expanding its technical capacities by factors of up to 8,000. The 1970s-era electronics were replaced with state-of-the-art equipment. To reflect this increased capacity, VLA officials asked for input from both the scientific community and
379:. Each of the massive telescopes is mounted on double parallel railroad tracks, so the radius and density of the array can be transformed to adjust the balance between its angular resolution and its surface brightness sensitivity. Astronomers using the VLA have made key observations of
457:
the antennas are moved every three to four months. Moves to smaller configurations are done in two stages, first shortening the east and west arms and later shortening the north arm. This allows for a short period of improved imaging of extremely northerly or southerly sources.
375:. The VLA comprises twenty-eight 25-meter radio telescopes (twenty-seven of which are operational while one is always rotating through maintenance) deployed in a Y-shaped array and all the equipment, instrumentation, and computing power to function as an
434:). The antennas are distributed along the three arms of a track, shaped in a wye (or Y) -configuration, (each of which measures 21 kilometres (13 mi) long). Using the rail tracks that follow each of these arms—and that, at one point, intersect with
773:
the sparsely populated surroundings; those unfamiliar with the high desert are warned that the weather is quite variable, and can remain cold into April. For those who cannot travel to the site, the NRAO created a virtual tour of the VLA called the
608:(VLASS) began. This survey will cover the entire sky visible to the VLA (80% of the Earth's sky) in three full scans. Astronomers expect to find about 10 million new objects with the survey — four times more than what is presently known.
786:
624:
approval for the VLA project was given in August 1972, and construction began some six months later. The first antenna was put into place in
September 1975 and the complex was formally inaugurated in 1980, after a total investment of
590:. A search of the galaxies M31 and M32 was conducted in December 2014 through January 2015 with the intent of quickly searching trillions of systems for extremely powerful signals from advanced civilizations.
670:
With a view to upgrading the venerable 1970s technology with which the VLA was built, the VLA has evolved into the
Expanded Very Large Array (EVLA). The upgrade has enhanced the instrument's sensitivity,
675:
range, and resolution with the installation of new hardware at the San
Agustin site. A second phase of this upgrade may add up to eight additional antennae in other parts of the state of
2418:
2861:
1546:
1404:
796:
The cross rail track structure of the VLA, including an empty antenna mount station on the right (the three concrete piers that the antenna's triangular base mounts to)
438:
at a level crossing—and a specially designed lifting locomotive ("Hein's Trein"), the antennas can be physically relocated to a number of prepared positions, allowing
2076:
1968:
1112:
1378:
426:
comprises 27 independent antennas in use at a given time plus one spare, each of which has a dish diameter of 25 meters (82 feet) and weighs 209
598:
2856:
605:
1850:
2871:
2066:
486:
2056:
288:
2886:
1991:
620:. He is noted as having "sustained and guided the development of the best radio astronomy observatory in the world for sixteen years."
1757:
1462:
2696:
2447:
2170:
2007:
1491:
518:
the public in coming up with a new name for the array, and in
January 2012 it was announced that the array would be renamed the "
395:'s center, probed the Universe's cosmological parameters, and provided new knowledge about the physical mechanisms that produce
2881:
1412:
632:
During construction in 1975, workers laying the tracks for the northern arm of the array discovered a human skeleton north of
104:
2408:
2130:
1222:
2384:
2278:
697:
403:
144:
2866:
2376:
522:
Very Large Array". On March 31, 2012, the VLA was officially renamed in a ceremony inside the
Antenna Assembly Building.
967:
2210:
1382:
1327:
1120:
2046:
1868:
1811:
1572:
842:
498:
320:
1433:
2741:
2607:
1976:
1878:
1674:
1646:
445:
with up to 351 independent baselines: in essence, the array acts as a single antenna with a variable diameter. The
2482:
2100:
1805:
2463:
2200:
2036:
1361:
813:
629: (equivalent to $ 290,000,000 in 2023). It was the largest configuration of radio telescopes in the world.
530:
The VLA is a multi-purpose instrument designed to allow investigations of many astronomical objects, including
1886:
1750:
411:
2650:
2328:
2228:
656:
636:. A year later, the remains were identified as belonging to a male airline passenger who was ejected from
2671:
2562:
2428:
2336:
2150:
1952:
1801:
766:
682:
637:
435:
407:
376:
2392:
1035:
729:
line and the 1:00 PM (solar time) mark. The other two lines of markers north of the gnomon are for the
2754:
1902:
88:
701:
and increase the frequency sensitivity from 50 GHz to over 100 GHz. The facility will be renamed the "
649:
402:
The VLA stands at an elevation of 6,970 feet (2,120 m) above sea level. It is a component of the
2876:
2190:
2110:
1827:
1817:
737:. Additional lines of markers south of the gnomon mark positions of "shadows" of the radio sources
2731:
2400:
2368:
2268:
1944:
1832:
1743:
831:
494:
247:
40:
150:
76:
58:
2640:
2630:
2094:
1960:
1675:"Latest Updates on COVID-19 Measures from NRAO, ALMA, GBO - National Radio Astronomy Observatory"
1647:"Latest Updates on COVID-19 Measures from NRAO, ALMA, GBO - National Radio Astronomy Observatory"
641:
482:
218:
745:. The posts at the back of the sundial were recovered from Bracewell's radio telescope array at
2352:
2238:
836:
645:
621:
509:
in the east that constitutes the world's largest dedicated, full-time astronomical instrument.
388:
725:) at different times of day and times of year. The shadow on Dec 22, 2017 falls very near the
2645:
2612:
2532:
2140:
2086:
2026:
1926:
1212:
868:
807:
754:
364:
360:
2713:
2502:
2360:
1918:
1894:
1261:
819:
749:, abandoned in 1980, where they had been signed by visitors with chisels at his invitation.
1470:
1135:
8:
2816:
2686:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2344:
2248:
2120:
1725:
NASA Astronomy
Picture of the Day: The Very Large Array of Radio Telescopes (14 May 2006)
1621:
972:
762:
746:
718:
594:
563:
506:
490:
384:
372:
70:
1499:
1265:
825:
231:
164:
2804:
2792:
2666:
2635:
2582:
2542:
2512:
2455:
2220:
1999:
1279:
1251:
446:
439:
275:
239:
194:
133:
1521:"The Expanded Very Large Array Project: A Radio Telescope to Resolve Cosmic Evolution"
1274:
1239:
721:, this sundial marks on the ground positions of the shadow of the central sphere (the
2691:
2537:
1860:
1357:
1283:
1218:
793:
780:
The VLA site was previously closed to visitors from March 2020 through
October 2022.
758:
617:
519:
368:
52:
993:
717:
The
Bracewell Radio Sundial on the VLA walking tour, seen from the south. Named for
593:
It has been used to carry out several large surveys of radio sources, including the
359:
observatory in the southwestern United States. It lies in central New Mexico on the
2828:
2768:
2681:
2577:
2572:
2507:
1910:
1269:
848:
1597:
685:
is a new observatory a few miles south of the VLA, and is run by VLA collaborator
2602:
2547:
1791:
1766:
1298:
734:
726:
686:
660:
547:
423:
356:
209:
2840:
2676:
2557:
690:
442:
1011:
2850:
2597:
2552:
2527:
119:
106:
2780:
2522:
1795:
1724:
1087:
1062:
742:
531:
260:
26:
1715:
1186:
578:
galaxy as well as external galaxies. In 1989 the VLA was used to receive
339:
2701:
2592:
2587:
2517:
1441:
916:
1678:
1650:
676:
664:
567:
450:
396:
380:
172:
92:
2835:
1160:
391:, discovered magnetic filaments and traced complex gas motions at the
329:
2706:
1934:
672:
583:
575:
543:
431:
392:
1710:
713:
2567:
2419:
Special
Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Science
2309:
1256:
738:
571:
343:
One of the 28 radio telescopes undergoing maintenance in "The Barn"
205:
1735:
2160:
1729:
730:
587:
1520:
2823:
2180:
1785:
722:
559:
539:
535:
502:
316:
1161:"Iconic Telescope Renamed to Honor Founder of Radio Astronomy"
1036:"Configuration Plans and Proposal Deadlines — Science Website"
2299:
1328:"Iconic Radio Telescope Begins 7-year Search for New Objects"
633:
579:
427:
640:
at 39,000 feet (12,000 m) two years earlier, after the
1781:
1719:
1703:
941:
689:. Under construction at this site is a ten-element optical
551:
2775:
893:
555:
2077:
Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy
1354:
The Cosmic Inquirers: Modern Telescopes and Their Makers
1136:"Very Large Array telescope in public call for new name"
1463:"Beyond The Visible: The Story of the Very Large Array"
2862:
Buildings and structures in Socorro County, New Mexico
968:"Hein Hvatum, 85; Engineered Telescope to the Heavens"
2752:
616:
The driving force for the development of the VLA was
493:. The DSOC also serves as the control center for the
1573:"Very Large Array to expand from 27 antennas to 260"
1119:. Associated Press. October 14, 2011. Archived from
1238:Gray, Robert H.; Mooley, Kunal (14 February 2017).
599:
Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters
485:(DSOC) for the VLA is located on the campus of the
177:
0.6 cm (50 GHz)–410 cm (73 MHz)
2181:Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network
1240:"A VLA Search for Radio Signals from M31 and M33"
1187:"Famous Radio Telescope Officially Gets New Name"
679:, up to 190 miles (300 km) away, if funded.
2848:
2067:Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment
371:, approximately 50 miles (80 km) west of
1751:
1113:"New Mexico Radio Telescope Seeking New Name"
487:New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology
16:Radio astronomy observatory in New Mexico, US
2057:Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder
1662:All our facilities are CLOSED to the public!
1351:
1321:
1319:
644:servicing the flight (N60NA) experienced an
574:gas that constitutes a large portion of the
449:that can be reached is between 0.2 and 0.04
1851:500 meter Aperture Spherical Telescope
1544:
1000:. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory.
1758:
1744:
1237:
1057:
1055:
501:array of ten 25-meter dishes located from
274:
246:
230:
217:
193:
163:
149:
132:
75:
57:
39:
25:
1434:"Filming Contact at the Very Large Array"
1325:
1316:
1273:
1255:
2857:Astronomical observatories in New Mexico
2171:Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope
2008:Warkworth Radio Astronomical Observatory
753:The VLA is located between the towns of
712:
410:operated under cooperative agreement by
338:
295:
1370:
1352:Tucker, Wallace; Tucker, Karen (1986).
1326:Barbuzano, Javier (26 September 2017).
1052:
911:
909:
907:
828:, which once stood where the VLA is now
512:
2849:
1564:
1547:"Very Large Array getting even larger"
1527:. National Radio Astronomy Observatory
1402:
1290:
1210:
1204:
1193:. National Radio Astronomy Observatory
1167:. National Radio Astronomy Observatory
1133:
1094:. National Radio Astronomy Observatory
1069:. National Radio Astronomy Observatory
965:
948:. National Radio Astronomy Observatory
923:. National Radio Astronomy Observatory
769:passes east–west through the complex.
761:, about 50 miles (80 km) west of
406:(NRAO). The NRAO is a facility of the
2872:Museums in Socorro County, New Mexico
2672:Cosmic microwave background radiation
2409:Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory
2131:Large Latin American Millimeter Array
1739:
1570:
1538:
1217:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 67.
1063:"An Overview of the Very Large Array"
2737:
2385:National Radio Astronomy Observatory
2279:Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope
1730:The Next Generation Very Large Array
1626:National Radio Astronomy Observatory
1602:National Radio Astronomy Observatory
1467:National Radio Astronomy Observatory
1303:National Radio Astronomy Observatory
1016:National Radio Astronomy Observatory
998:National Radio Astronomy Observatory
986:
904:
898:National Radio Astronomy Observatory
873:National Radio Astronomy Observatory
698:National Radio Astronomy Observatory
404:National Radio Astronomy Observatory
145:National Radio Astronomy Observatory
2377:Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory
1765:
1716:The Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array
1492:"Radio Telescopes in the New Movie"
1379:"Curious Crew Nearly Crashes DC-10"
1376:
13:
2211:Northern Extended Millimeter Array
1296:
1184:
1158:
1134:Palmer, Jason (October 15, 2011).
942:"Welcome to the Very Large Array!"
417:
14:
2898:
2887:1980 establishments in New Mexico
2047:Australia Telescope Compact Array
1869:Caltech Submillimeter Observatory
1812:Very Long Baseline Interferometry
1695:
894:"Welcome to the Very Large Array"
843:Very-long-baseline interferometry
2834:
2822:
2810:
2798:
2786:
2774:
2762:
2736:
2727:
2726:
785:
703:Next Generation Very Large Array
315:
304:Location of the Very Large Array
294:
287:
2101:Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope
1969:UTR-2 decameter radio telescope
1667:
1639:
1614:
1590:
1513:
1484:
1455:
1426:
1396:
1345:
1231:
1178:
1152:
1127:
1105:
1080:
349:Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array
20:Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array
2201:Northern Cross Radio Telescope
2037:Atacama Large Millimeter Array
1571:Begay, Mesha (June 13, 2023).
1028:
1004:
959:
934:
886:
861:
814:Atacama Large Millimeter Array
525:
478:(400 cm to 0.7 cm).
1:
2882:Science museums in New Mexico
1545:Robert Nott (June 10, 2023).
855:
659:, the film adaptation of the
481:The Pete V. Domenici Science
355:) is a centimeter-wavelength
162:2,124 m (6,969 ft)
2651:Gravitational-wave astronomy
2229:Primeval Structure Telescope
1677:. 2022-09-28. Archived from
1649:. 2020-03-13. Archived from
1598:"Visit the Very Large Array"
1356:. Harvard University Press.
966:Holley, Joe (May 29, 2008).
655:In 1997 the VLA featured in
412:Associated Universities, Inc
408:National Science Foundation
244:120 ±80 milliarcsecond
7:
2563:Christiaan Alexander Muller
2429:Vermilion River Observatory
2337:Algonquin Radio Observatory
1802:Astronomical interferometer
1403:Harden, Paul (2010-06-05).
1275:10.3847/1538-3881/153/3/110
869:"VLA Antennas and The Barn"
801:
683:Magdalena Ridge Observatory
638:National Airlines Flight 27
10:
2903:
2867:Interferometric telescopes
1903:Large Millimeter Telescope
1088:"Very Long Baseline Array"
708:
646:uncontained engine failure
611:
460:The frequency coverage is
215:radio interferometer
120:34.0787492°N 107.6177275°W
2722:
2659:
2621:
2475:
2440:
2327:
2292:
2191:Murchison Widefield Array
2111:Green Bank Interferometer
2019:
1935:RATAN-600 Radio Telescope
1841:
1826:
1818:Astronomical radio source
1773:
1214:Deep Space Communications
1211:Taylor, Jim, ed. (2016).
586:spacecraft as it flew by
326:
313:
282:
255:
238:
226:
201:
181:
171:
158:
140:
98:
84:
66:
48:
33:
24:
2401:Onsala Space Observatory
2393:Nançay Radio Observatory
2369:Jodrell Bank Observatory
2269:Very Long Baseline Array
1945:Sardinia Radio Telescope
1244:The Astronomical Journal
832:List of radio telescopes
582:communications from the
495:Very Long Baseline Array
321:Related media on Commons
125:34.0787492; -107.6177275
2631:Submillimetre astronomy
2243:Australia, South Africa
2095:Event Horizon Telescope
363:, between the towns of
2353:Green Bank Observatory
2239:Square Kilometre Array
837:Square Kilometre Array
750:
604:In September 2017 the
344:
34:Alternative names
2646:High-energy astronomy
2533:Sebastian von Hoerner
2141:Long Wavelength Array
2087:European VLBI Network
2027:Allen Telescope Array
1927:Qitai Radio Telescope
1409:El Defensor Chieftain
808:Allen Telescope Array
716:
661:book by the same name
361:Plains of San Agustin
342:
2714:Solar radio emission
2503:Jocelyn Bell Burnell
2361:Haystack Observatory
1895:Green Bank Telescope
1879:Effelsberg Telescope
1551:Santa Fe New Mexican
1012:"VLA Configurations"
820:Green Bank Telescope
564:astrophysical masers
513:Upgrade and renaming
385:protoplanetary disks
202:Telescope style
2687:Pulsar timing array
2493:Edward George Bowen
2483:Elizabeth Alexander
2345:Arecibo Observatory
2249:Submillimeter Array
2151:Low-Frequency Array
2121:Korean VLBI Network
1987:Southern Hemisphere
1898:(West Virginia, US)
1332:Sky & Telescope
1266:2017AJ....153..110G
973:The Washington Post
763:Socorro, New Mexico
747:Stanford University
719:Ronald N. Bracewell
650:cabin decompression
595:NRAO VLA Sky Survey
507:U.S. Virgin Islands
505:in the west to the
491:Socorro, New Mexico
116: /
71:NRAO VLA Sky Survey
21:
2667:Aperture synthesis
2636:Infrared astronomy
2573:Joseph Lade Pawsey
2543:Kenneth Kellermann
2513:Nan Dieter-Conklin
2221:One-Mile Telescope
2000:Parkes Observatory
1622:"The VLA Explorer"
1377:Mondout, Patrick.
994:"Very Large Array"
751:
696:In June 2023, the
447:angular resolution
440:aperture synthesis
345:
240:Angular resolution
19:
2750:
2749:
2692:Radio propagation
2641:Optical astronomy
2538:Karl Guthe Jansky
2348:(Puerto Rico, US)
2323:
2322:
2115:West Virginia, US
1864:(Puerto Rico, US)
1861:Arecibo Telescope
1224:978-1-119-16902-4
618:David S. Heeschen
550:, radio-emitting
483:Operations Center
337:
336:
213:combined facility
53:Karl Guthe Jansky
2894:
2877:Radio telescopes
2839:
2838:
2827:
2826:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2803:
2802:
2801:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2779:
2778:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2758:
2740:
2739:
2730:
2729:
2707:HD 164595 signal
2682:Odd radio circle
2660:Related articles
2578:Ruby Payne-Scott
2508:Arthur Covington
2498:Ronald Bracewell
2468:
2460:
2452:
2433:
2424:
2414:
2405:
2397:
2389:
2381:
2373:
2365:
2357:
2349:
2341:
2315:
2305:
2284:
2274:
2264:
2259:Very Large Array
2254:
2244:
2234:
2225:
2216:
2206:
2196:
2186:
2176:
2166:
2156:
2146:
2136:
2135:Argentina/Brazil
2126:
2116:
2106:
2091:
2082:
2072:
2062:
2052:
2042:
2032:
2012:
2004:
1996:
1988:
1981:
1977:Yevpatoria RT-70
1973:
1965:
1957:
1949:
1940:
1931:
1923:
1915:
1911:Lovell Telescope
1907:
1899:
1891:
1883:
1874:
1865:
1856:
1839:
1838:
1828:Radio telescopes
1760:
1753:
1746:
1737:
1736:
1707:
1706:
1704:Official website
1690:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1658:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1498:. Archived from
1488:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1469:. Archived from
1459:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1440:. Archived from
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1411:. Archived from
1400:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1381:. Archived from
1374:
1368:
1367:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1323:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1299:"VLA Sky Survey"
1294:
1288:
1287:
1277:
1259:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1146:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1092:science.nrao.edu
1084:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1074:
1059:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1040:science.nrao.edu
1032:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1008:
1002:
1001:
990:
984:
983:
981:
980:
963:
957:
956:
954:
953:
938:
932:
931:
929:
928:
913:
902:
901:
890:
884:
883:
881:
879:
865:
849:Very Small Array
826:Lake San Agustín
789:
628:
548:gamma-ray bursts
477:
476:
473:
468:
467:
464:
330:edit on Wikidata
319:
298:
297:
291:
278:
273:
270:
268:
266:
264:
262:
251:
250:
234:
222:
221:
197:
192:
190:
167:
154:
153:
136:
131:
130:
128:
127:
126:
121:
117:
114:
113:
112:
109:
80:
79:
62:
61:
49:Named after
44:
43:
29:
22:
18:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2847:
2846:
2845:
2833:
2821:
2811:
2809:
2799:
2797:
2787:
2785:
2773:
2763:
2761:
2753:
2751:
2746:
2718:
2655:
2623:
2617:
2603:Gart Westerhout
2471:
2466:
2458:
2450:
2436:
2431:
2422:
2412:
2411:(PRAO ASC LPI,
2403:
2395:
2387:
2379:
2371:
2363:
2355:
2347:
2339:
2319:
2313:
2303:
2288:
2282:
2272:
2262:
2252:
2242:
2232:
2223:
2214:
2204:
2194:
2184:
2174:
2164:
2154:
2144:
2134:
2124:
2114:
2104:
2089:
2080:
2070:
2060:
2050:
2040:
2030:
2020:Interferometers
2015:
2010:
2002:
1994:
1986:
1979:
1971:
1963:
1961:Usuda Telescope
1955:
1947:
1938:
1929:
1921:
1913:
1905:
1897:
1889:
1881:
1872:
1863:
1854:
1843:
1830:
1822:
1792:Radio telescope
1769:
1767:Radio astronomy
1764:
1702:
1701:
1698:
1693:
1684:
1682:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1656:
1654:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1630:
1628:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1606:
1604:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1581:
1579:
1569:
1565:
1555:
1553:
1543:
1539:
1530:
1528:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1505:
1503:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1476:
1474:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1447:
1445:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1418:
1416:
1405:"Aircraft Down"
1401:
1397:
1388:
1386:
1375:
1371:
1364:
1350:
1346:
1336:
1334:
1324:
1317:
1307:
1305:
1297:Murphy, Davis.
1295:
1291:
1236:
1232:
1225:
1209:
1205:
1196:
1194:
1183:
1179:
1170:
1168:
1157:
1153:
1144:
1142:
1132:
1128:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1097:
1095:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1072:
1070:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1044:
1042:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1020:
1018:
1010:
1009:
1005:
992:
991:
987:
978:
976:
964:
960:
951:
949:
940:
939:
935:
926:
924:
921:public.nrao.edu
917:"Visit the VLA"
915:
914:
905:
892:
891:
887:
877:
875:
867:
866:
862:
858:
804:
799:
798:
797:
795:
790:
735:summer solstice
727:winter solstice
711:
687:New Mexico Tech
626:
614:
528:
515:
474:
471:
470:
465:
462:
461:
424:radio telescope
420:
418:Characteristics
357:radio astronomy
333:
309:
308:
307:
306:
305:
301:
300:
299:
259:
245:
216:
214:
212:
210:radio telescope
208:
188:
186:
148:
124:
122:
118:
115:
110:
107:
105:
103:
102:
74:
56:
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2900:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2844:
2843:
2831:
2819:
2807:
2795:
2783:
2771:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2734:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2677:Interferometry
2674:
2669:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2627:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2558:Bernard Lovell
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2488:John G. Bolton
2485:
2479:
2477:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2461:
2456:ESA New Norcia
2453:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2426:
2416:
2406:
2398:
2390:
2382:
2374:
2366:
2358:
2350:
2342:
2333:
2331:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2317:
2307:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2276:
2266:
2263:New Mexico, US
2256:
2246:
2236:
2226:
2218:
2208:
2198:
2188:
2178:
2168:
2158:
2148:
2145:New Mexico, US
2138:
2128:
2118:
2108:
2098:
2092:
2084:
2081:California, US
2074:
2064:
2054:
2044:
2034:
2031:California, US
2023:
2021:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2013:
2005:
1997:
1995:(South Africa)
1989:
1983:
1982:
1974:
1966:
1958:
1950:
1942:
1932:
1924:
1919:Ooty Telescope
1916:
1908:
1900:
1892:
1884:
1876:
1866:
1858:
1847:
1845:
1836:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1809:
1799:
1789:
1777:
1775:
1771:
1770:
1763:
1762:
1755:
1748:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1727:
1722:
1713:
1708:
1697:
1696:External links
1694:
1692:
1691:
1666:
1638:
1613:
1589:
1563:
1537:
1512:
1483:
1454:
1425:
1395:
1369:
1362:
1344:
1315:
1289:
1230:
1223:
1203:
1185:Finley, Dave.
1177:
1159:Finley, Dave.
1151:
1126:
1123:on 2011-10-16.
1104:
1079:
1051:
1027:
1003:
985:
958:
933:
903:
885:
859:
857:
854:
853:
852:
846:
840:
834:
829:
823:
817:
811:
803:
800:
792:
791:
784:
783:
782:
710:
707:
691:interferometer
627:US$ 78,500,000
613:
610:
606:VLA Sky Survey
532:radio galaxies
527:
524:
520:Karl G. Jansky
514:
511:
443:interferometry
419:
416:
397:radio emission
377:interferometer
335:
334:
327:
324:
323:
311:
310:
303:
302:
293:
292:
286:
285:
284:
283:
280:
279:
257:
253:
252:
242:
236:
235:
228:
224:
223:
203:
199:
198:
183:
179:
178:
175:
169:
168:
160:
156:
155:
142:
138:
137:
100:
96:
95:
89:Socorro County
86:
82:
81:
68:
64:
63:
50:
46:
45:
35:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2899:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2818:
2808:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2784:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2770:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2743:
2735:
2733:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2620:
2614:
2613:Robert Wilson
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2598:Govind Swarup
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2553:John D. Kraus
2551:
2549:
2548:Frank J. Kerr
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2528:Antony Hewish
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2465:
2462:
2457:
2454:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2439:
2430:
2427:
2420:
2417:
2410:
2407:
2402:
2399:
2394:
2391:
2386:
2383:
2378:
2375:
2370:
2367:
2362:
2359:
2354:
2351:
2346:
2343:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2329:Observatories
2326:
2311:
2308:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2291:
2280:
2277:
2270:
2267:
2260:
2257:
2250:
2247:
2240:
2237:
2230:
2227:
2222:
2219:
2212:
2209:
2202:
2199:
2192:
2189:
2182:
2179:
2172:
2169:
2162:
2159:
2152:
2149:
2142:
2139:
2132:
2129:
2122:
2119:
2112:
2109:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2088:
2085:
2078:
2075:
2068:
2065:
2058:
2055:
2048:
2045:
2038:
2035:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2009:
2006:
2001:
1998:
1993:
1990:
1985:
1984:
1978:
1975:
1970:
1967:
1962:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1943:
1936:
1933:
1928:
1925:
1920:
1917:
1912:
1909:
1904:
1901:
1896:
1893:
1888:
1887:Galenki RT-70
1885:
1880:
1877:
1870:
1867:
1862:
1859:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1761:
1756:
1754:
1749:
1747:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1699:
1681:on 2022-10-08
1680:
1676:
1670:
1663:
1653:on 2020-10-03
1652:
1648:
1642:
1627:
1623:
1617:
1603:
1599:
1593:
1578:
1574:
1567:
1552:
1548:
1541:
1526:
1522:
1516:
1502:on 2024-01-03
1501:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1473:on 2024-02-25
1472:
1468:
1464:
1458:
1444:on 2024-06-26
1443:
1439:
1435:
1429:
1415:on 2020-08-15
1414:
1410:
1406:
1399:
1385:on 2011-04-08
1384:
1380:
1373:
1365:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1333:
1329:
1322:
1320:
1304:
1300:
1293:
1285:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1234:
1226:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1207:
1192:
1188:
1181:
1166:
1162:
1155:
1141:
1137:
1130:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1108:
1093:
1089:
1083:
1068:
1064:
1058:
1056:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1017:
1013:
1007:
999:
995:
989:
975:
974:
969:
962:
947:
943:
937:
922:
918:
912:
910:
908:
899:
895:
889:
874:
870:
864:
860:
850:
847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
805:
794:
788:
781:
778:
776:
770:
768:
767:U.S. Route 60
764:
760:
756:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
715:
706:
704:
699:
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
678:
674:
668:
666:
662:
658:
653:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
630:
623:
622:Congressional
619:
609:
607:
602:
600:
596:
591:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
523:
521:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
479:
458:
454:
452:
448:
444:
441:
437:
436:U.S. Route 60
433:
429:
425:
415:
413:
409:
405:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
341:
331:
325:
322:
318:
312:
290:
281:
277:
272:
258:
254:
249:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
220:
211:
207:
204:
200:
196:
184:
180:
176:
174:
170:
166:
161:
157:
152:
146:
143:
139:
135:
129:
101:
97:
94:
90:
87:
83:
78:
72:
69:
65:
60:
54:
51:
47:
42:
36:
32:
28:
23:
2817:Solar System
2622:Astronomy by
2583:Arno Penzias
2523:Cyril Hazard
2258:
2165:South Africa
1956:(Uzbekistan)
1796:Radio window
1711:VLA Explorer
1683:. Retrieved
1679:the original
1669:
1661:
1655:. Retrieved
1651:the original
1641:
1631:30 September
1629:. Retrieved
1625:
1616:
1605:. Retrieved
1601:
1592:
1580:. Retrieved
1576:
1566:
1554:. Retrieved
1550:
1540:
1529:. Retrieved
1525:aoc.nrao.edu
1524:
1515:
1504:. Retrieved
1500:the original
1495:
1486:
1475:. Retrieved
1471:the original
1466:
1457:
1446:. Retrieved
1442:the original
1437:
1428:
1417:. Retrieved
1413:the original
1408:
1398:
1387:. Retrieved
1383:the original
1372:
1353:
1347:
1337:30 September
1335:. Retrieved
1331:
1308:30 September
1306:. Retrieved
1302:
1292:
1247:
1243:
1233:
1213:
1206:
1195:. Retrieved
1190:
1180:
1169:. Retrieved
1164:
1154:
1143:. Retrieved
1139:
1129:
1121:the original
1116:
1107:
1096:. Retrieved
1091:
1082:
1071:. Retrieved
1067:vla.nrao.edu
1066:
1043:. Retrieved
1039:
1030:
1019:. Retrieved
1015:
1006:
997:
988:
977:. Retrieved
971:
961:
950:. Retrieved
946:vla.nrao.edu
945:
936:
925:. Retrieved
920:
897:
888:
876:. Retrieved
872:
863:
779:
775:VLA Explorer
774:
771:
752:
743:Cassiopeia A
702:
695:
681:
669:
654:
631:
615:
603:
592:
529:
516:
480:
459:
455:
421:
401:
352:
348:
346:
141:Organization
2805:Outer space
2793:Spaceflight
2702:Wow! signal
2593:Martin Ryle
2588:Grote Reber
2518:Frank Drake
2459:(Australia)
2293:Space-based
2283:Netherlands
2155:Netherlands
2125:South Korea
2003:(Australia)
1953:Suffa RT-70
1496:www.nsf.gov
1438:www.qsl.net
663:written by
568:black holes
526:Key science
428:metric tons
389:young stars
381:black holes
267:/facilities
123: /
111:107°37′04″W
99:Coordinates
85:Location(s)
2851:Categories
2624:EM methods
1844:telescopes
1842:Individual
1685:2022-10-03
1657:2020-10-03
1607:2023-08-08
1531:2015-03-24
1506:2024-09-11
1477:2024-09-11
1448:2024-09-11
1419:2018-10-24
1389:2010-11-21
1363:0674174356
1257:1702.03301
1250:(3): 110.
1197:2015-03-24
1171:2015-03-24
1145:2015-03-24
1098:2015-03-24
1073:2015-03-24
1045:2023-08-08
1021:2023-08-08
979:2015-03-24
952:2015-03-24
927:2015-03-24
856:References
677:New Mexico
665:Carl Sagan
648:, causing
570:, and the
546:remnants,
497:(VLBA), a
451:arcseconds
432:short tons
173:Wavelength
108:34°04′43″N
93:New Mexico
2829:Education
2769:Astronomy
2608:Paul Wild
2441:Multi-use
2421:(SAORAS,
2195:Australia
2183:(MERLIN,
2175:Australia
2061:Australia
2051:Australia
1980:(Ukraine)
1972:(Ukraine)
1882:(Germany)
1284:119376407
755:Magdalena
731:equinoxes
673:frequency
584:Voyager 2
576:Milky Way
544:supernova
393:Milky Way
365:Magdalena
189:1973–1981
185:1973–1981
37:VLA
2732:Category
2568:Jan Oort
2467:(Canada)
2451:(Canada)
2404:(Sweden)
2396:(France)
2340:(Canada)
2310:Spektr-R
2153:(LOFAR,
2133:(LLAMA,
2090:(Europe)
2079:(CARMA,
2069:(CHIME,
2059:(ASKAP,
1906:(Mexico)
1890:(Russia)
1774:Concepts
1718:page at
1582:June 19,
1556:June 19,
1191:NRAO.edu
1165:NRAO.edu
1140:BBC News
1117:ABC News
802:See also
739:Cygnus A
733:and the
642:DC-10-10
572:hydrogen
227:Diameter
206:location
159:Altitude
2841:Science
2755:Portals
2742:Commons
2281:(WSRT,
2271:(VLBA,
2231:(PaST,
2173:(MOST,
2161:MeerKAT
2103:(GMRT,
2049:(ATCA,
2039:(ALMA,
1992:HartRAO
1964:(Japan)
1948:(Italy)
1930:(China)
1922:(India)
1853:(FAST,
1806:History
1780:Units (
1732:(ngVLA)
1577:KOB.com
1262:Bibcode
709:Tourism
657:Contact
612:History
588:Neptune
560:planets
540:pulsars
536:quasars
387:around
373:Socorro
261:science
256:Website
187: (
67:Part of
2476:People
2423:Russia
2413:Russia
2314:Russia
2261:(VLA,
2251:(SMA,
2241:(SKA,
2215:France
2193:(MWA,
2143:(LWA,
2123:(KVN,
2113:(GBI,
2071:Canada
2029:(ATA,
1939:Russia
1871:(CSO,
1814:(VLBI)
1786:jansky
1360:
1282:
1221:
878:19 May
845:(VLBI)
816:(ALMA)
723:gnomon
554:, the
503:Hawaii
314:
147:
73:
55:
2781:Stars
2304:Japan
2300:HALCA
2233:China
2205:Italy
2105:India
2097:(EHT)
2041:Chile
1855:China
1280:S2CID
1252:arXiv
851:(VSA)
839:(SKA)
822:(GBT)
810:(ATA)
759:Datil
634:US-60
580:radio
552:stars
430:(230
369:Datil
328:[
263:.nrao
182:Built
2697:SETI
2464:PARL
2448:DRAO
2432:(US)
2388:(US)
2380:(UK)
2372:(UK)
2364:(US)
2356:(US)
2224:(UK)
2011:(NZ)
1914:(UK)
1833:List
1784:and
1782:watt
1720:NRAO
1633:2017
1584:2023
1558:2023
1358:ISBN
1339:2017
1310:2017
1219:ISBN
880:2020
757:and
741:and
597:and
558:and
499:VLBI
422:The
383:and
367:and
347:The
269:/vla
265:.edu
1270:doi
1248:153
705:".
556:sun
489:in
475:GHz
469:to
466:MHz
353:VLA
2853::
2273:US
2253:US
2185:UK
1873:US
1660:.
1624:.
1600:.
1575:.
1549:.
1523:.
1494:.
1465:.
1436:.
1407:.
1330:.
1318:^
1301:.
1278:.
1268:.
1260:.
1246:.
1242:.
1189:.
1163:.
1138:.
1115:.
1090:.
1065:.
1054:^
1038:.
1014:.
996:.
970:.
944:.
919:.
906:^
896:.
871:.
777:.
765:.
693:.
667:.
652:.
601:.
566:,
562:,
542:,
538:,
534:,
472:50
463:74
453:.
414:.
399:.
91:,
2757::
2425:)
2415:)
2316:)
2312:(
2306:)
2302:(
2285:)
2275:)
2265:)
2255:)
2245:)
2235:)
2217:)
2213:(
2207:)
2203:(
2197:)
2187:)
2177:)
2167:)
2163:(
2157:)
2147:)
2137:)
2127:)
2117:)
2107:)
2083:)
2073:)
2063:)
2053:)
2043:)
2033:)
1941:)
1937:(
1875:)
1857:)
1835:)
1831:(
1808:)
1804:(
1798:)
1794:(
1788:)
1759:e
1752:t
1745:v
1688:.
1635:.
1610:.
1586:.
1560:.
1534:.
1509:.
1480:.
1451:.
1422:.
1392:.
1366:.
1341:.
1312:.
1286:.
1272::
1264::
1254::
1227:.
1200:.
1174:.
1148:.
1101:.
1076:.
1048:.
1024:.
982:.
955:.
930:.
900:.
882:.
351:(
332:]
271:/
191:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
