2761:
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1307:
27:
246:, widely regarded as the result of an atmospheric explosion of a small comet or asteroid. Arguments offered for this mechanism include the lack of extraterrestrial material at the event site, the lack of a credible impact structure, and the presence of shocked quartz in surface outcrops. However, this hypothesis has not been generally accepted, with
345:
I became interested in the causes of mass-extinctions, in particular worrying about the 'too-many-coincidences' problem that these periods appear to be associated (if we believe what's published in the mainstream literature) with BOTH extremely rare continental flood basalts and continental rifting,
202:
trajectory. It is unclear whether such a column could stay coherent through this process, or whether the force of this process would result in it shattering into much smaller pieces before impacting. The pipe through which the magma and gas had travelled would collapse during this process, sending a
210:
A verneshot event is likely to be related to nearby continental flood basalt events, which may occur before, during or after the verneshot event. This may help in searching for evidence for the results of verneshot events; however, it is also quite probable that most of such evidence will be buried
346:
and even rarer 'impact signals' commonly presumed to come from large extraterrestrial bolide impacts. Our recently published
Verneshot hypothesis is our best guess on how to explain these coincidences in a self-consistent causal manner.'
272:
projectile escaping the Earth's gravity, from which Phipps Morgan and others derived the name "Verneshot" in their paper theorizing a connection between extinction events and cratonic gas ejection.
540:
230:, the strong iridium spike at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary could be explained by the iridium-rich nature of volatiles in the Reunion mantle plume, which is currently beneath
336:
198:
occurs above this location, an explosive release of the built up gas may occur, potentially sending out a column of crust and mantle into a globally dispersive, super-
234:, but during the end Cretaceous was located beneath India in the area of the Deccan Traps; the verneshot event could potentially distribute the iridium globally.
1248:
2213:
1552:
1509:
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296:"Contemporaneous mass extinctions, continental flood basalts, and 'impact signals': are mantle plume-induced lithospheric gas explosions the causal link?"
1343:
2606:
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1423:
1557:
708:
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Verneshots have been proposed as a causal mechanism explaining the statistically unlikely contemporaneous occurrence of continental
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underneath the basalt flows, making investigation difficult. J. Phipps Morgan and others have suggested that subcircular
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357:
Vannucchi, Paola; Morgan, Jason P.; Della Lunga, Damiano; Andronicos, Christopher L.; Morgan, W. Jason (January 2015).
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147:, leading to significant further damage after the material crashes back down to the surface.
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Hypothetical volcanic eruption event caused by the buildup of gas deep underneath a craton
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132:. Such an event may be forceful enough to launch an extreme amount of material from the
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359:"Direct evidence of ancient shock metamorphism at the site of the 1908 Tunguska event"
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998:
216:
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156:
2744:
2287:
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2119:
2104:
1980:
1955:
1584:
1504:
1411:
1396:
1205:
1005:
450:
259:
191:
141:
121:
2426:
2694:
2509:
2479:
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2252:
2240:
2000:
1862:
1488:
1170:
942:
269:
144:
2436:
2225:
2154:
2099:
2094:
1960:
1707:
1450:
1224:
1133:
541:
The
Adventures of Three Englishmen and Three Russians in South Africa
356:
250:
arguing that there is no basis for rejecting the impact hypothesis.
26:
2729:
2714:
2245:
2230:
2132:
1970:
1418:
358:
294:
Phipps Morgan, J.; Reston, T. J.; Ranero, C. R. (15 January 2004).
203:
shockwave at hypersonic velocity that would deform the surrounding
242:
A verneshot has been proposed as an alternate explanation for the
226:
If the Deccan Traps were the location of a verneshot event at the
2709:
2558:
2395:
2385:
2193:
2005:
1717:
1712:
175:) traditionally considered definitive evidence of hypervelocity
2719:
2645:
204:
129:
329:(First submitted 17 April 2003). For an informal introduction
2390:
2149:
1165:
219:
may indicate the presence of verneshot pipes related to the
44:
2734:
195:
293:
396:
Cohen, David (25 June 2008). "Tugnuska 100 years on".
1553:
Self-indication assumption doomsday argument rebuttal
128:
event caused by the buildup of gas deep underneath a
1479:
Safety of high-energy particle collision experiments
150:
334:Professor Jason Phipps Morgan's faculty biography
2814:
2607:List of apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction
2505:List of dates predicted for apocalyptic events
449:
1510:Existential risk from artificial intelligence
1351:
1337:
435:
289:
287:
285:
53:introducing citations to additional sources
1558:Self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal
1661:Climate change and civilizational collapse
1344:
1330:
442:
428:
1159:
282:
2664:Centre for the Study of Existential Risk
2602:Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction
43:Relevant discussion may be found on the
2815:
1038:The Lighthouse at the End of the World
517:Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas
1325:
423:
395:
343:at Cornell University from May 2004:
221:Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
186:may cause heating and the buildup of
1681:Tipping points in the climate system
20:
1676:Extinction risk from climate change
1575:New World Order (conspiracy theory)
637:Eight Hundred Leagues on the Amazon
621:Tribulations of a Chinaman in China
363:Earth and Planetary Science Letters
304:Earth and Planetary Science Letters
182:The verneshot theory suggests that
13:
2636:List of fictional doomsday devices
501:The Adventures of Captain Hatteras
485:Journey to the Center of the Earth
14:
2864:
1656:Cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis
1266:Cultural influence of Jules Verne
237:
2772:
2771:
2759:
1917:Decline in amphibian populations
1306:
1305:
163:, and "impact signals" (such as
151:Connection with mass extinctions
36:relies largely or entirely on a
25:
2268:Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
1765:Land surface effects on climate
1738:Human impact on the environment
1369:Future of an expanding universe
1078:The Survivors of the "Jonathan"
605:Dick Sand, A Captain at Fifteen
573:The Survivors of the Chancellor
557:Around the World in Eighty Days
1142:Journey Through the Impossible
1137:(1874, short story collection)
1118:Paris in the Twentieth Century
1062:The Chase of the Golden Meteor
741:The Purchase of the North Pole
389:
350:
1:
2214:Interpretations of Revelation
2016:Cosmological phase transition
1922:Decline in insect populations
1374:Ultimate fate of the universe
1086:The Secret of Wilhelm Storitz
410:10.1016/S0262-4079(08)61618-8
325:10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00602-2
275:
228:Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary
2669:Future of Humanity Institute
2066:Potentially hazardous object
1966:Interplanetary contamination
268:introduced the concept of a
7:
2549:Nemesis (hypothetical star)
1698:Global terrestrial stilling
992:The Mutineers of the Bounty
853:The Village in the Treetops
190:gas underneath continental
165:planar deformation features
120:(named after French author
10:
2869:
2061:Asteroid impact prediction
2036:Heat death of the universe
1446:Mutual assured destruction
1054:The Thompson Travel Agency
509:In Search of the Castaways
493:From the Earth to the Moon
383:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.11.001
265:From the Earth to the Moon
2753:
2687:
2679:Nuclear Threat Initiative
2656:
2612:List of apocalyptic films
2589:
2455:2011 end times prediction
2447:
2187:Prophecy of Seventy Weeks
2182:Abomination of desolation
2118:
2056:Asteroid impact avoidance
1993:
1904:
1886:List of extinction events
1861:
1854:
1820:
1728:Environmental degradation
1624:
1615:
1530:
1515:Technological singularity
1384:
1359:
1353:Global catastrophic risks
1301:
1236:
1152:
1029:
918:
911:
845:The Castaways of the Flag
462:
339:22 September 2006 at the
213:Bouguer gravity anomalies
2674:Future of Life Institute
2576:Resurrection of the dead
2569:Post-tribulation rapture
1951:Colony collapse disorder
1294:Jules Verne lunar crater
1113:(1992, written ca. 1847)
964:The Count of Chanteleine
837:The Will of an Eccentric
1500:Artificial intelligence
1057:(1907, by Michel Verne)
677:The Archipelago on Fire
597:The Child of the Cavern
477:Five Weeks in a Balloon
375:2015E&PSL.409..168V
317:2004E&PSL.217..263P
253:
215:recognized beneath the
2629:List of disaster films
2470:Apocalyptic literature
1570:Malthusian catastrophe
1496:Synthetic intelligence
661:KĂ©raban the Inflexible
2011:Coronal mass ejection
1473:Electromagnetic pulse
1434:Kinetic energy weapon
957:A Winter amid the Ice
765:The Carpathian Castle
733:Family Without a Name
565:The Mysterious Island
232:Piton de la Fournaise
2413:War of Gog and Magog
2090:Near-Earth supernova
1840:Human overpopulation
1644:Mass mortality event
1538:Anthropogenic hazard
1121:(1994, written 1863)
1105:(1989, written 1859)
1102:Backwards to Britain
971:The Blockade Runners
821:An Antarctic Mystery
717:The Flight to France
669:The Vanished Diamond
124:) is a hypothetical
49:improve this article
2485:Blood moon prophecy
2278:Number of the Beast
1876:Holocene extinction
1822:Earth Overshoot Day
1770:Ocean acidification
1733:Habitat destruction
1723:Ecological collapse
1429:Kinetic bombardment
1364:Future of the Earth
978:Dr. Ox's Experiment
901:Invasion of the Sea
893:Master of the World
877:Travel Scholarships
725:Two Years' Vacation
709:North Against South
701:Robur the Conqueror
613:The Begum's Fortune
2843:Doomsday scenarios
2838:Geological hazards
2800:Doomsday scenarios
2366:Beast of the Earth
2258:Book of Revelation
2046:Virtual black hole
2026:False vacuum decay
1976:Pollinator decline
1939:Biological warfare
1929:Biotechnology risk
1780:Resource depletion
1281:Jules Verne Trophy
1276:Jules Verne Awards
1271:Jules Verne Museum
1094:The Barsac Mission
1046:The Golden Volcano
936:A Drama in the Air
885:A Drama in Livonia
829:The Mighty Orinoco
773:Claudius Bombarnac
693:The Lottery Ticket
2848:Natural disasters
2833:Extinction events
2810:
2809:
2641:Zombie apocalypse
2542:Postmillennialism
2337:Great Tribulation
2110:Stellar collision
2071:Near-Earth object
2021:Geomagnetic storm
1989:
1988:
1912:Biodiversity loss
1896:Genetic pollution
1850:
1849:
1639:Biodiversity loss
1602:Societal collapse
1580:Nuclear holocaust
1565:Economic collapse
1548:Doomsday argument
1466:Antimatter weapon
1319:
1318:
1249:Jules Verne House
1213:
1212:
1201:Jean Passepartout
1128:
1127:
929:A Drama in Mexico
757:Mistress Branican
194:. If continental
173:iridium anomalies
126:volcanic eruption
114:
113:
99:
2860:
2775:
2774:
2766:World portal
2764:
2763:
2725:Financial crisis
2554:Nibiru cataclysm
2532:Premillennialism
2376:Dhul-Suwayqatayn
2344:Son of perdition
2332:Olivet Discourse
2308:Whore of Babylon
1934:Biological agent
1881:Human extinction
1871:Extinction event
1859:
1858:
1830:Overexploitation
1760:Land consumption
1755:Land degradation
1622:
1621:
1484:Micro black hole
1392:Chemical warfare
1346:
1339:
1332:
1323:
1322:
1309:
1308:
1257:
1157:
1156:
1110:A Priest in 1839
1070:The Danube Pilot
1020:The Eternal Adam
1013:In the Year 2889
950:Master Zacharius
916:
915:
869:The Kip Brothers
813:Clovis Dardentor
797:Propeller Island
581:Michael Strogoff
444:
437:
430:
421:
420:
414:
413:
393:
387:
386:
354:
348:
328:
311:(3–4): 263–284.
300:
291:
161:mass extinctions
109:
106:
100:
98:
57:
29:
21:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2785:Future problems
2758:
2749:
2683:
2652:
2619:Climate fiction
2585:
2460:2012 phenomenon
2443:
2349:Sheep and Goats
2236:2 Thessalonians
2114:
2031:Gamma-ray burst
1985:
1900:
1891:Genetic erosion
1846:
1816:
1807:Water pollution
1775:Ozone depletion
1671:Desertification
1611:
1526:
1461:Doomsday device
1441:Nuclear warfare
1380:
1355:
1350:
1320:
1315:
1297:
1251:
1232:
1209:
1196:Jacques Paganel
1148:
1124:
1025:
920:
907:
861:The Sea Serpent
805:Facing the Flag
789:Captain Antifer
685:Mathias Sandorf
629:The Steam House
549:The Fur Country
533:A Floating City
525:Around the Moon
467:extraordinaires
466:
458:
448:
418:
417:
404:(2662): 38–41.
394:
390:
355:
351:
341:Wayback Machine
298:
292:
283:
278:
256:
240:
153:
110:
104:
101:
58:
56:
42:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2866:
2856:
2855:
2853:Tunguska event
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2780:Apocalypticism
2769:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2660:
2658:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2638:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2624:Disaster films
2621:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2609:
2599:
2597:Alien invasion
2593:
2591:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2566:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2539:
2537:Amillennialism
2534:
2524:
2522:Millenarianism
2519:
2518:
2517:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2475:Apocalypticism
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2451:
2449:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2429:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2371:Dhu al-Qarnayn
2368:
2363:
2353:
2352:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2340:
2339:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2317:Great Apostasy
2314:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2255:
2250:
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2243:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2206:
2196:
2191:
2190:
2189:
2184:
2174:
2164:
2162:Last Judgement
2159:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2135:
2124:
2122:
2120:Eschatological
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2063:
2058:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1835:Overpopulation
1832:
1826:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1814:
1812:Water scarcity
1809:
1804:
1799:
1798:
1797:
1787:
1785:Sea level rise
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1751:
1750:
1748:on marine life
1745:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1703:Global warming
1700:
1695:
1693:Global dimming
1690:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1651:Cascade effect
1648:
1647:
1646:
1636:
1630:
1628:
1626:Climate change
1619:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1545:
1540:
1534:
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1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1456:Doomsday Clock
1453:
1448:
1438:
1437:
1436:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1407:Cyberterrorism
1404:
1394:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1376:
1366:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1349:
1348:
1341:
1334:
1326:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1302:
1299:
1298:
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749:CĂ©sar Cascabel
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645:Godfrey Morgan
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589:Off on a Comet
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244:Tunguska event
239:
238:Tunguska event
236:
188:carbon dioxide
169:shocked quartz
152:
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47:. Please help
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2795:Risk analysis
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2740:Social crisis
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2581:World to come
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2527:Millennialism
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2515:Messianic Age
2513:
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2500:Gog and Magog
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2490:Earth Changes
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2327:New Jerusalem
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2303:War in Heaven
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2298:Two witnesses
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2167:Second Coming
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1607:World War III
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1522:Transhumanism
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1385:Technological
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985:An Ideal City
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653:The Green Ray
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398:New Scientist
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248:Mark Boslough
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218:
214:
208:
206:
201:
200:stratospheric
197:
193:
189:
185:
184:mantle plumes
180:
178:
177:impact events
174:
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166:
162:
158:
157:flood basalts
148:
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143:
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123:
119:
108:
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76:
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69:
66: –
65:
61:
60:Find sources:
54:
50:
46:
40:
39:
38:single source
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
2757:
2700:Cyberwarfare
2418:Third Temple
2273:Lake of fire
2083:Rogue planet
2051:Impact event
2041:Proton decay
1994:Astronomical
1944:Bioterrorism
1801:
1790:Supervolcano
1688:Flood basalt
1634:Anoxic event
1543:Collapsology
1531:Sociological
1402:Cyberwarfare
1286:
1243:Michel Verne
1226:
1218:
1191:Captain Nemo
1181:Phileas Fogg
1145:(1882, play)
1140:
1132:
1116:
1108:
1100:
1092:
1084:
1076:
1068:
1060:
1052:
1044:
1036:
999:Frritt-Flacc
899:
891:
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859:
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531:
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515:
507:
499:
491:
483:
475:
463:
455:bibliography
401:
397:
391:
366:
362:
352:
344:
330:
308:
302:
263:
257:
241:
225:
217:Deccan Traps
209:
181:
154:
117:
115:
102:
92:
85:
78:
71:
59:
35:
18:
2828:Jules Verne
2823:Volcanology
2776:Categories
2745:Survivalism
2432:Zoroastrian
2288:Seven seals
2283:Seven bowls
2209:Historicism
2105:Solar flare
1981:Overfishing
1956:Defaunation
1743:coral reefs
1505:AI takeover
1424:Nanoweapons
1412:Cybergeddon
1397:Cyberattack
1287:Jules Verne
1252: [
1206:Cyrus Smith
1006:Gil Braltar
912:Other works
451:Jules Verne
369:: 168–174.
260:Jules Verne
192:lithosphere
142:sub-orbital
122:Jules Verne
64:"Verneshot"
2817:Categories
2705:Depression
2695:Ransomware
2510:Messianism
2480:Armageddon
2465:Apocalypse
2253:Antichrist
2241:Man of sin
2138:Three Ages
2001:Big Crunch
1863:Extinction
1855:Biological
1617:Ecological
1489:Strangelet
1171:Tom Ayrton
1160:Characters
943:Martin Paz
276:References
145:trajectory
75:newspapers
2590:Fictional
2437:Saoshyant
2322:New Earth
2293:The Beast
2226:Preterism
2199:Christian
2155:Kali Yuga
2100:Micronova
2095:Hypernova
1961:Dysgenics
1802:Verneshot
1708:Hypercane
1451:Dead Hand
1225:HMS
1134:Doctor Ox
568:(1874–75)
520:(1869–70)
512:(1867–68)
270:ballistic
262:'s novel
118:verneshot
105:July 2019
45:talk page
2730:Pandemic
2715:Epidemic
2710:Droughts
2564:Prewrath
2495:End time
2361:Al-Qa'im
2246:Katechon
2231:2 Esdras
2221:Idealism
2204:Futurism
2133:Maitreya
2128:Buddhist
1971:Pandemic
1419:Gray goo
1311:Category
1219:Nautilus
1153:Universe
1022:" (1910)
1015:" (1889)
1008:" (1887)
1001:" (1884)
994:" (1879)
987:" (1875)
980:" (1872)
973:" (1865)
966:" (1864)
959:" (1855)
952:" (1854)
945:" (1852)
938:" (1851)
931:" (1851)
337:Archived
258:In 1865
2790:Hazards
2688:General
2559:Rapture
2408:Messiah
2396:Sufyani
2386:Israfil
2356:Islamic
2194:Messiah
2172:1 Enoch
2006:Big Rip
1718:Ecocide
1713:Ice age
1237:Related
921:stories
465:Voyages
371:Bibcode
313:Bibcode
196:rifting
140:into a
89:scholar
2720:Famine
2646:Zombie
2448:Others
2403:Jewish
2381:Dajjal
2263:Events
2177:Daniel
2078:winter
1905:Others
1795:winter
1595:winter
1590:famine
1585:cobalt
1097:(1919)
1089:(1910)
1081:(1909)
1073:(1908)
1065:(1908)
1049:(1906)
1041:(1905)
1030:Novels
904:(1905)
896:(1904)
888:(1904)
880:(1903)
872:(1902)
864:(1901)
856:(1901)
848:(1900)
840:(1899)
832:(1898)
824:(1897)
816:(1896)
808:(1896)
800:(1895)
792:(1894)
784:(1893)
776:(1892)
768:(1892)
760:(1891)
752:(1890)
744:(1889)
736:(1889)
728:(1888)
720:(1887)
712:(1887)
704:(1886)
696:(1886)
688:(1885)
680:(1884)
672:(1884)
664:(1883)
656:(1882)
648:(1882)
640:(1881)
632:(1880)
624:(1879)
616:(1879)
608:(1878)
600:(1877)
592:(1877)
584:(1876)
576:(1875)
560:(1873)
552:(1873)
544:(1872)
536:(1871)
528:(1870)
504:(1866)
496:(1865)
488:(1864)
480:(1863)
205:craton
171:, and
138:mantle
130:craton
91:
84:
77:
70:
62:
2735:Riots
2427:Norse
2391:Mahdi
2150:Kalki
2145:Hindu
1475:(EMP)
1256:]
1245:(son)
1227:Sword
1166:Aouda
919:Short
299:(PDF)
134:crust
96:JSTOR
82:books
1261:Tomb
254:Name
136:and
68:news
1289:ATV
406:doi
402:198
379:doi
367:409
331:see
321:doi
309:217
51:by
2819::
1498:/
1254:fr
400:.
377:.
365:.
361:.
319:.
307:.
301:.
284:^
223:.
207:.
179:.
167:,
159:,
116:A
1345:e
1338:t
1331:v
1018:"
1011:"
1004:"
997:"
990:"
983:"
976:"
969:"
962:"
955:"
948:"
941:"
934:"
927:"
457:)
453:(
443:e
436:t
429:v
412:.
408::
385:.
381::
373::
327:.
323::
315::
107:)
103:(
93:·
86:·
79:·
72:·
55:.
41:.
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