788:
who had participated in the building of the
Colegio were to receive free education there. He also made provisions for the future expenditure of profits from his Pueblo Hospitals: some will be invested in monthly Mass in commemoration of his parents, and others will be used for wages for the guardians of the Pueblos and the rectors and friars of the Colegio. His 626 books are bequeathed to the Colegio de San Nicolas. He also stated that all of the slaves in his possession were to be freed upon his death.
622:" is the lengthiest piece of writing from Vasco de Quiroga's hand that we have knowledge about; it is dated México July 1535. It was partly a response to the Crown's reversal of a previous prohibition of the enslavement of the native population. It contains a detailed analysis of the legal and ethical issues concerning slavery in the Americas and includes a recommendation of a new policy towards the Indians based on the model laid out in
1618:
1594:
611:
1606:
1582:
633:
Since 1530 the second audiencia had worked in accordance with a royal decree of 1530 forbidding all further enslavement of
Indians, which had previously been allowed only during warfare or by buying Indians that were already slaves. In 1534 the Crown responded to appeals by colonists who argued that
787:
The testament of Vasco de
Quiroga is dated to January 24, 1565—two months before his death. Here Quiroga laid out his will for the future functioning of the institutions he had established, among them the Colegio de San Nicolas. The will established that the descendants of the Indians of Pátzcuaro
731:
as a model, here the
Indians were to be taught religion, crafts and the fundamentals of self-government. Each town was to become the center of an industry. Each person worked six hours a day and contributed on an equal basis to the common welfare. He gradually realized the necessity of restricting
704:, after the first candidate Fray Luis de Fuensalida had declined the honor. The Emperor and the Pope approved the nomination and in 1537 the appointment was made official; in 1538 he took office. He remained in Michoacán as pastor and protector of the Indians for most of the remainder of his life.
649:
He argued that the right way to avoid problems with unruly natives was to gather them into congregations where they would be able to be better controlled and administered, and indoctrinated into the
Christian faith and a Spanish way of life. He proposed that this system of congregations should be
645:
the lawyer Vasco de
Quiroga undertook a complex legal argument refuting the reasoning behind this royal decree. The letter was probably directed to his friend Bernal Diaz de Luco, member of the Council of Indies. He argued that Indians did not have slavery in the European sense and that therefore
778:
He died in his 90s in mid-March 1565. Tradition has it that he was then on a pastoral visit in
Uruapan, but sources support that it was rather in the City of Pátzcuaro. He bequeathed his hospitals to the care and protection of the rector of the college of San Nicolás. His body is interred in the
41:
522:, and with the Cardinal of Toledo Juan Tavera. This was probably the reason that he was offered a position as oidor (judge) in the second Audiencia of New Spain when the Council of Indies had to dismiss the first in 1530. The president of this second Audiencia was Bishop
760:, but his ship was damaged and he was forced to return to New Spain. He left again in 1547 and did attend some sessions of the council. He took several Indians with him and presented them at Court. While in Spain he was frequently called upon by the emperor and the
800:
of the Pátzcuaro region have been passed down to their descendants, who are today considered among the most skilled craftspersons in Mexico. Tata Vasco trained his pupils in a variety of disciplines. His method of specialization by community continues to this day:
490:, later Cardenal of Toledo. Traditionally his birth year has been given as 1470, because of a tradition that he was 95 at his year of death. Recent biographers prefer the later date around 1478, because of evidence from Quiroga's own hand that he was 60 in 1538.
742:
Charles V had prohibited the enslavement of conquered subjects, but in 1534 he revoked that prohibition, at least insofar as to allow slavery of natives captured in a "just war." When
Quiroga became aware of this, he wrote to Charles his celebrated
634:
they needed slave labor to continue to make profits by repealing this law and legalizing a limited form of slavery once again. The argument put forth was that
Indians were recently becoming unruly, that there were no longer any causes for "
517:
from ca. 1520 - 1526. After returning from Africa, he stayed a while with the royal court, where documents have him in 1528. He certainly had powerful connections such as a friendship with Juan Bernal Díaz de Luco who was a member of the
1405:
Fragmentos de la vida y virtudes del V. Illmo. y Rmo. Sr. Dr. Don Vasco de
Quiroga primer obispo de la Santa *Iglesia Catedral de Michoacán, y fundador del Real, y Primitivo Colegio de S. Nicolás Obispo de Valladolid,
408:
he took a strong interest in restoring order to the Michoacán area which had been ravaged by rebellions and unrest. He employed a strategy of congregating indigenous populations into congregated Hospital-towns called
98:
681:" corresponding to the Utopian prince. All of these offices were to be held by natives. The highest office of the city—that of "corregidor"—would be held by a Spaniard, appointed by the audiencia.
732:
the scope of his plans, which he had hoped to apply throughout the colony, to the smaller area over which he had jurisdiction, partially because his personal funds were not unlimited.
701:
696:
In 1536 De Quiroga was appointed the first bishop of the newly established diocese of Michoacán. He was nominated by the President of the Second Audiencia, Bishop of
585:(inspector). While an oídor Vasco de Quiroga became influenced by Thomas More's recently published Utopia (1516), He probably read the copy belonging to Bishop
1653:
1104:
423:. The purpose of this policy was to teach the Indians a trade and to instruct them in Christian values and lifestyles. He established multiple such hospitals:
926:
946:
404:
Coming from a background as a lawyer and a judge he was appointed to be a judge in the second Audiencia after the first Audiencia's failure. As an
462:
Because of his contribution to the protection of the Indians, Vasco de Quiroga's legacy is recognized in America and Spain, and even venerated in
103:
1658:
1683:
1668:
814:
735:
Quiroga's efforts were very successful, and he was said to be greatly beloved by the members of his flock. He was known to them as
1678:
665:" corresponding to More's office of "Syphogrant". Above every ten jurados would be a regidor, corresponding to More's office of "
646:
there was no class of already enslaved Indians that could be bought by Spaniards, and that allowing this was therefore unjust.
1523:
1501:
1486:
1471:
1383:
1259:
1160:
1073:
715:. In Pátzcuaro he founded the cathedral and the Seminary of San Nicolas. He worked to gather the Indians in large towns near
187:
177:
688:
De Quiroga also sent his own translation into Spanish of More's Utopia (written in Latin), but this document has been lost.
424:
223:
1408:. Edited by Jorge Diez González Cosio. Morelia, Mexico: Impreso de los Talleres Gráficos del Gobierno del Estado, 1965.
523:
326:
1538:
1663:
1112:
772:
708:
1673:
638:", and that already enslaved Indians would benefit from having Christian masters rather than Indian ones.<
559:
1247:. El Colegio de Michoacán - Arquidiócesis de Morelia - Universidad de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia (Mich.)
590:
1310:
Krippner-Martinez, James (2000). "Invoking 'Tato Vasco': Vasco de Quiroga, Eighteenth-Twentieth Centuries".
1191:
Bertrand, Michel (2002). "Des rêveurs d'utopies dans l'Amérique espagnole du XVI e siècle Les divergences".
555:
475:
61:
1355:
A Social Welfare Organizer in Sixteenth-Century New Spain: Don Vasco de Quiroga, First Bishop of Michoacán
972:
479:
1572:
1348:
Rereading the Conquest: Power, Politics, and the History of Early Colonial Michoacán, Mexico, 1521-1565
854:
Información en derecho del licenciado Quiroga sobre algunas provisiones del Real Consejo de las Indias.
806:
249:
1648:
498:
487:
394:
1412:
Nesvig, Martin (2005). "Recent Work on Early Western Mexico and the Revival of the Black Legend".
825:
771:, he obtained banana seedlings which he introduced into Michoacán. In 1555 he participated in the
436:
596:
In 1535 the second Audiencia turned over its governing powers to the first viceroy of New Spain,
502:
137:
870:" / introducción, paleografía y notas por J. Benedict Warren Morelia, Mexico : Fimax, 1997
863:" / introducción, paleografía y notas por J. Benedict Warren Morelia, México : Fimax, 1999
1566:. México, D.F. : Colegio de México, Centro de Estudios Históricos : Colegio Nacional,
567:
547:
1638:
810:
761:
519:
167:
1643:
558:
to Christianity. He sat on the tribunal that ordered the president of the first Audiencia,
891:
720:
586:
245:
8:
1216:
Biermann, Benno (1969). "Don Vasco de Quiroga y su tratado 'De debellandis Indis (II)'".
531:
338:
797:
527:
1598:
1437:
1429:
1335:
1327:
1275:
1225:
1204:
1179:
627:
597:
419:
351:
20:
550:, with his own money. This was his first attempt at building a Utopia on the model of
1534:
1519:
1497:
1482:
1467:
1441:
1379:
1339:
1255:
1156:
1069:
227:
856:" Edited by Paulino Castañeda Delgado. Madrid: Ediciones José Porrúa Turanzas, 1974.
716:
1586:
1421:
1319:
1196:
832:, commemorating his fourth centenary. It premiered in Pátzcuaro in February, 1941.
757:
571:
535:
448:
432:
127:
551:
483:
463:
1153:
Vasco de Quiroga. Jurista con mentalidad secular. Biografía y Guía Bibliográfica
65:
1066:
A History of the Church in Latin America: Colonialism to Liberation (1492-1979)
1323:
45:
Vasco de Quiroga, member of the second Audiencia and first bishop of Michoacán
1632:
1622:
1552:
1531:
Michoacan and Eden: Vasco de Quiroga and the Evangelization of Western Mexico
1040:
1027:
Michoacan and Eden: Vasco de Quiroga and the Evangelization of Western Mexico
768:
697:
653:
As in More's Utopia the basic social unit would be the family headed by the "
1200:
581:
Indians of Michoacán rebelled in 1533, Quiroga was sent to that province as
1610:
1296:
Good Places and Non-Places in Colonial Mexico: Vasco de Quiroga (1470-1565)
1091:
Good Places and Non-Places in Colonial Mexico: Vasco de Quiroga (1470-1565)
1425:
753:, saying that they did not accept the natives as men, but only as beasts.
712:
444:
440:
380:
113:
109:
83:
79:
724:
650:
based on the organizational principles laid out in Thomas More's Utopia.
623:
414:
19:"Tata Vasco" redirects here. For the opera by Miguel Bernal Jiménez, see
1279:
1229:
1208:
1183:
1174:
Bataillon, Marcel (1952). "Vasco de Quiroga et Bartolome de las Casas".
1433:
1331:
749:
578:
494:
456:
452:
398:
288:
1557:
Sir Thomas More in New Spain: A Utopian Adventure of the Renaissance
1509:
Vasco de Quiroga y sus pueblos de Santa Fe en los Siglos XVIII y XIX
1593:
947:"Pope advances causes for canonization with publication of Decrees"
836:
635:
610:
428:
40:
1378:. Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca. Servicio de Publicaciones.
821:
802:
514:
1266:"Correcciones y Adiciones a 'Algo Más Sobre Vasco de Quiroga'".
840:
384:
376:
117:
87:
1479:
Vasco de Quiroga: utopía y derecho en la conquista de América
1288:
Santo Tomás More y la utopía de Tomás Moro en la Nueva España
931:, vol. 4, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, p. 515
389:
1357:. The Americas, Vol. 14, No. 1 (Jul., 1957), pp. 57–86
562:, to be returned to Spain in chains. Quiroga and the other
510:
1298:. University Press of America & Edition Reichenberger.
1146:
Don Vasco de Quiroga: Taumaturgo de la organización social
1093:. University Press of America & Edition Reichenberger.
1548:. Washington, DC: Academy of American Franciscan History.
1014:. Washington, DC: Academy of American Franciscan History.
707:
As bishop, he transferred the seat of the bishopric from
723:
territory, recently ravaged by Beltrán de Guzmán. Using
1254:. José Porrúa Turanzas, S.A. Librería-Editorial. 1974.
973:"Papa abre camino a beatificación de Vasco de Quiroga"
1570:
1546:
Vasco De Quiroga and His Pueblo-Hospitals of Santa Fe
1238:
Tata Vasco: A Great Reformer of the Sixteenth Century
1012:
Vasco De Quiroga and His Pueblo-Hospitals of Santa Fe
767:
He returned to New Spain in 1554. On his stopover in
509:– a royal jurist in southern Spain and as a judge in
1041:"Biografía de Vasco de Quiroga, el tata Vasco y más"
566:
of the second Audiencia also conducted the trial of
1462:Ríos Lanz, Ernesto; Ríos Szalay, Adalberto (2007).
1452:. Coyoacán, Mexico: Ediciones Monroy Padilla, 1968.
493:Quiroga studied law and later theology. He studied
16:
Venerated Spanish bishop and colonial administrator
1391:Contribución a la historia de Don Vasco de Quiroga
1252:Don Vasco de Quiroga y su "Información en Derecho"
927:Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture
673:". On the top of the hierarchy there would be two
1494:Vasco de Quiroga, laico misionerio: México s. XVI
1309:
661:". Every thirty families would be overseen by a "
474:Vasco de Quiroga was born into a noble family in
1630:
1170:. Mexico City: Editorial Libros de México, 1978.
486:origin. His brother Álvaro became the father of
469:
541:
538:. They began governing in Mexico City in 1531.
1654:16th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Mexico
1457:Don Vasco de Quiroga y arzobispado de Morelia
1450:Don Vasco de Quiroga y los hospitales pueblos
1376:Don Vasco de Quiroga, protector de los indios
1293:
1168:Don Vasco de Quiroga y la ciudad de Pátzcuaro
1088:
913:. DF México: Editorial Nacional. p. 338.
835:He is credited as the founder of the city of
756:In 1545 Quiroga left for Spain to attend the
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
995:
993:
970:
944:
924:Wood, Stephanie (1996), "Vasco de Quiroga",
401:– from January 10, 1531, to April 16, 1535.
747:(1535), in which he strongly condemned the
1369:Vasco de Quiroga, Sociologist of New Spain
1286:Fernández, Justino, and Edmundo O Gorman.
1245:Vasco de Quiroga. La pasión por el derecho
1082:
1068:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 56.
1024:
886:
884:
861:Ordenanzas de Santa Fe de Vasco de Quiroga
413:, organized after principles derived from
1173:
990:
691:
603:
1516:Vasco de Quiroga: olvido y glorificación
1481:. Fondo de Cultura Económica de España.
1215:
1190:
1109:Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México
1029:. University of Texas Press. p. 87.
609:
375:(1470/78 – 14 March 1565) was the first
318:10 January 1531 – 16 April 1535
908:
881:
820:There is a university named for him in
546:Quiroga founded the hospital-pueblo of
1631:
1543:
1533:. Austin: University of Texas Press.
1511:. Mexico City: Editorial Porrúa, 1977.
1411:
1304:Don Vasco de Quiroga, obispo de utopia
1063:
1009:
868:Testamento del Obispo Vasco de Quiroga
764:to give advice on colonial questions.
526:, and the other members were Quiroga,
99:Basílica de Nuestra Señora de la Salud
1148:. Mexico City: Ediciones Oasis, 1970.
1057:
307:Judge of the Real Audiencia of Mexico
1659:Participants in the Council of Trent
1374:Martín Hernández, Francisco (2004).
923:
1684:Venerated Catholics by Pope Francis
1459:. Mexico City: Editorial Jus, 1965.
1362:Vasco de Quiroga: Oidor Made Bishop
1240:. Mexico City: Editorial Jus, 1959.
1155:. Porrúa/Universidad Panamericana.
13:
1518:. Institución Gran Duque de Alba.
1393:. Abside 5 (1941): 59–68, 196–208.
1371:. Mid-America 32 (1936): 247– 259.
1130:
574:, oídores of the first Audiencia.
14:
1695:
1669:Mexican people of Spanish descent
1398:Vasco de Quiroga. Varón universal
1243:Carrillo Cázares, Alberto. 2003.
945:Vatican News (22 December 2020).
589:, now held at the library of the
1616:
1604:
1592:
1580:
1294:Gómez Herrero, Fernando (2001).
1139:Don Vasco de Quiroga: Documentos
1089:Gómez Herrero, Fernando (2001).
773:First Mexican Provincial Council
614:Vasco de Quiroga (ca. 1470–1565)
224:Antonio Ruíz de Morales y Molina
39:
1529:Verastique, Bernardino . 2000.
1364:. Mid-America 32 (1936): 13–32.
1097:
1025:Verastique, Bernardino (2000).
397:– the high court that governed
1679:University of Salamanca alumni
1492:Robles Diosdado, Juan (2003).
1290:. Mexico City: Alcancía, 1937.
1176:Revista de Historia de América
1033:
1018:
964:
938:
917:
796:The skills he implanted among
1:
1514:Velayos Zurdo, Oscar (1992).
1477:Serrano Gassent, Paz (2001).
1151:Arce Gargollo, Pablo (2007).
874:
791:
591:University of Texas at Austin
524:Sebastián Ramírez de Fuenleal
470:Background and life in Europe
327:Sebastián Ramírez de Fuenleal
1250:Casteñada Delgado, Paulino.
896:Universidad Vasco de Quiroga
782:
542:As a member of the Audiencia
476:Madrigal de las Altas Torres
62:Madrigal de las Altas Torres
7:
1564:Ideario de Vasco de Quiroga
971:Forbes staff (2020-12-22).
846:
657:" corresponding to More's "
10:
1700:
1544:Warren, Fintan B. (1963).
1396:Miranda, Francisco. 2006.
1010:Warren, Fintan B. (1963).
702:Sebastián Ramírez Fuenleal
76:14 March 1565 (aged 86–94)
18:
1414:Journal of Social History
1324:10.1017/S0003161500029503
911:Breve historia de América
577:When the newly conquered
505:ca. 1520. He worked as a
387:, and one of the judges (
366:
362:
358:
345:
332:
322:
311:
306:
302:
298:
294:
284:
276:
268:
263:
255:
238:
233:
219:
209:
201:
193:
183:
173:
163:
159:
151:
147:Bishop, judge, bureaucrat
143:
133:
123:
94:
72:
50:
38:
28:
1559:, London, Canning House.
1350:. Penn State Press 2001.
1166:Arriaga Ochoa, Antonio.
1137:Aguayo Spencer, Rafael.
1064:Dussel, Enrique (1981).
909:Pereyra, Carlos (1973).
488:Gaspar de Quiroga y Vela
395:Real Audiencia of Mexico
1201:10.3406/carav.2002.1349
779:basilica of Pátzcuaro.
686:información en derecho,
138:University of Salamanca
1507:Tena Ramírez, Felipe.
1389:Méndez Arceo, Sergio.
1105:"Historia de Irapuato"
892:"Don Vasco de Quiroga"
745:Información en derecho
692:As bishop of Michoacán
643:Información en Derecho
620:Información en Derecho
615:
605:Información en Derecho
568:Juan Ortiz de Matienzo
560:Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán
548:Santa Fe (Mexico City)
354:, Viceroy of New Spain
341:of the first Audiencia
1674:People from New Spain
1664:People from Michoacán
1426:10.1353/jsh.2005.0155
826:Miguel Bernal Jiménez
762:Council of the Indies
613:
520:Council of the Indies
437:Santa Fé de la Laguna
427:close to the town of
280:Roman Catholic Church
168:Roman Catholic Church
1496:. Editorial Santos.
1466:. Lunwerg editores.
1464:La ruta de Don Vasco
1306:. Mexico City, 1942.
1141:. Mexico City, 1939.
813:copper products and
554:. He converted many
482:. His family was of
411:Republicas de Indios
1455:Ponce, Manuel, ed.
1403:Moreno, Juan José.
1346:Krippner-Martinez.
675:alcaldes ordinarios
532:Alonso de Maldonado
464:the Catholic Church
155:Bishop of Michoacán
1448:Pellicer, Carlos.
1302:Jarnés, Benjamin.
805:produces guitars,
616:
598:Antonio de Mendoza
425:Santa Fé de México
352:Antonio de Mendoza
21:Tata Vasco (opera)
1524:978-84-86930-56-1
1502:978-84-95405-23-4
1487:978-84-375-0506-0
1472:978-84-9785-430-6
1384:978-84-7299-598-7
1268:Historia Mexicana
1260:978-84-7317-046-8
1236:Callens, Paul L.
1218:Historia Mexicana
1161:978-97-007-7536-4
1075:978-0-8028-2131-7
719:in the center of
684:Accompanying the
587:Juan de Zumárraga
370:
369:
246:Juan de Zumárraga
1691:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1609:
1608:
1607:
1597:
1596:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1576:
1549:
1445:
1343:
1299:
1283:
1274:(2): 561. 1989.
1233:
1212:
1187:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1111:. Archived from
1101:
1095:
1094:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1022:
1016:
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1007:
988:
987:
985:
984:
968:
962:
961:
959:
957:
942:
936:
933:
921:
915:
914:
906:
904:
903:
888:
828:wrote an opera,
758:Council of Trent
739:(Father Vasco).
655:padre de familia
572:Diego Delgadillo
536:Francisco Ceinos
528:Juan de Salmerón
449:Santa Fe Del Rio
433:Valley of Mexico
393:) in the second
373:Vasco de Quiroga
348:
335:
316:
128:Crown of Castile
107:
55:Vasco de Quiroga
43:
33:Vasco de Quiroga
26:
25:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1649:Colonial Mexico
1629:
1628:
1627:
1617:
1615:
1605:
1603:
1591:
1581:
1579:
1571:
1569:
1360:Lietz, Paul S.
1265:
1133:
1131:Further reading
1128:
1127:
1118:
1116:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1087:
1083:
1076:
1062:
1058:
1049:
1047:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1023:
1019:
1008:
991:
982:
980:
969:
965:
955:
953:
943:
939:
922:
918:
901:
899:
890:
889:
882:
877:
849:
817:woven woolens.
794:
785:
694:
608:
552:Sir Thomas More
544:
472:
346:
333:
317:
312:
243:
134:Alma mater
101:
90:
77:
68:
59:
57:
56:
46:
34:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1697:
1687:
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1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1626:
1625:
1613:
1601:
1589:
1568:
1567:
1560:
1553:Zavala, Silvio
1550:
1541:
1527:
1512:
1505:
1490:
1475:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1420:(2): 531–538.
1409:
1401:
1400:. Jus, México.
1394:
1387:
1372:
1365:
1358:
1351:
1344:
1307:
1300:
1291:
1284:
1263:
1248:
1241:
1234:
1224:(4): 615–622.
1213:
1188:
1171:
1164:
1149:
1142:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1096:
1081:
1074:
1056:
1032:
1017:
989:
963:
937:
916:
879:
878:
876:
873:
872:
871:
864:
857:
848:
845:
793:
790:
784:
781:
717:Lake Pátzcuaro
693:
690:
607:
602:
543:
540:
497:, probably in
471:
468:
368:
367:
364:
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360:
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349:
343:
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339:Nuño de Guzmán
336:
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296:
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292:
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286:
285:Title as Saint
282:
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242:5 January 1539
240:
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96:
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54:
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48:
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29:
15:
9:
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1539:0-292-78737-5
1536:
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1377:
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1353:Lacas, M. M.
1352:
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1333:
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1206:
1202:
1198:
1195:(78): 57–66.
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1181:
1178:(33): 83–95.
1177:
1172:
1169:
1165:
1162:
1158:
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1150:
1147:
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1135:
1115:on 2012-03-20
1114:
1110:
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1042:
1036:
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1004:
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978:
977:Forbes Mexico
974:
967:
952:
948:
941:
935:
932:
929:
928:
920:
912:
897:
893:
887:
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869:
865:
862:
858:
855:
851:
850:
844:
842:
838:
833:
831:
827:
824:, Michoacán.
823:
818:
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799:
789:
780:
776:
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769:Santo Domingo
765:
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698:Santo Domingo
689:
687:
682:
680:
676:
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659:Paterfamilias
656:
651:
647:
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639:
637:
631:
629:
625:
621:
612:
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601:
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569:
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315:
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297:
293:
290:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
258:
254:
251:
247:
244:by Fray
241:
237:
232:
229:
225:
222:
218:
215:
212:
208:
205:14 March 1565
204:
200:
196:
192:
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186:
182:
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176:
172:
169:
166:
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158:
154:
150:
146:
144:Occupation(s)
142:
139:
136:
132:
129:
126:
122:
119:
115:
111:
105:
100:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
75:
71:
67:
63:
53:
49:
42:
37:
27:
22:
1639:1470s births
1563:
1556:
1545:
1530:
1515:
1508:
1493:
1478:
1463:
1456:
1449:
1417:
1413:
1404:
1397:
1390:
1375:
1368:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1315:
1312:The Americas
1311:
1303:
1295:
1287:
1271:
1267:
1251:
1244:
1237:
1221:
1217:
1192:
1175:
1167:
1152:
1145:
1138:
1117:. Retrieved
1113:the original
1108:
1099:
1090:
1084:
1065:
1059:
1048:. Retrieved
1044:
1035:
1026:
1020:
1011:
981:. Retrieved
979:(in Spanish)
976:
966:
954:. Retrieved
951:Vatican News
950:
940:
934:
930:
925:
919:
910:
900:. Retrieved
895:
867:
860:
853:
834:
829:
819:
807:Tzintzuntzán
795:
786:
777:
766:
755:
750:encomenderos
748:
744:
741:
736:
734:
728:
709:Tzintzuntzán
706:
695:
685:
683:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
652:
648:
642:
640:
632:
619:
617:
604:
595:
582:
576:
563:
545:
506:
492:
473:
461:
418:
410:
405:
403:
388:
372:
371:
347:Succeeded by
313:
277:Venerated in
239:Consecration
213:
95:Burial place
66:Ávila, Spain
1644:1565 deaths
1599:Catholicism
1562:———. 1995.
1318:(3): 1–28.
1045:Portalibros
811:Santa Clara
725:Thomas More
624:Thomas More
415:Thomas More
334:Preceded by
210:Predecessor
174:Archdiocese
124:Nationality
102: [
58:1470 or '78
1633:Categories
1119:2007-03-22
1050:2022-06-18
983:2022-06-18
902:2022-06-18
875:References
830:Tata Vasco
792:His legacy
737:Tata Vasco
556:Indigenous
499:Valladolid
202:Term ended
1587:Biography
1442:145454630
1340:147446731
1193:Caravelle
809:pottery,
798:Purépecha
783:Last will
721:Purépecha
713:Pátzcuaro
679:tacatecle
667:tranibore
583:visitador
579:Chichimec
503:Salamanca
495:canon law
457:Michoacan
453:La Piedad
451:close to
445:Michoacán
441:Pátzcuaro
439:close to
399:New Spain
381:Michoacán
323:President
314:In office
289:Venerable
269:Feast day
264:Sainthood
220:Successor
194:Appointed
188:Michoacán
178:Michoacán
114:Michoacán
110:Pátzcuaro
84:Michoacán
80:Pátzcuaro
30:Venerable
1555:. 1955.
1280:25138293
1230:25134777
1209:40854848
1184:20138157
847:Writings
837:Irapuato
671:philarch
636:Just War
501:, or at
484:Galician
429:Tacubaya
272:14 March
1573:Portals
1434:3790781
1332:1007586
822:Morelia
803:Paracho
677:and a "
564:oidores
515:Algeria
507:letrado
480:Castile
431:in the
390:oidores
1623:Mexico
1537:
1522:
1500:
1485:
1470:
1440:
1432:
1382:
1338:
1330:
1278:
1258:
1228:
1207:
1182:
1159:
1072:
956:13 Feb
907:Cites
898:. 2020
841:Mexico
729:Utopia
663:jurado
628:Utopia
447:, and
435:, and
420:Utopia
385:Mexico
377:bishop
259:Bishop
250:O.F.M.
234:Orders
164:Church
118:Mexico
88:Mexico
1611:Spain
1438:S2CID
1430:JSTOR
1367:———.
1336:S2CID
1328:JSTOR
1276:JSTOR
1226:JSTOR
1205:JSTOR
1180:JSTOR
1144:———.
815:Nurío
669:" or"
406:oidor
152:Title
106:]
1535:ISBN
1520:ISBN
1498:ISBN
1483:ISBN
1468:ISBN
1406:1766
1380:ISBN
1256:ISBN
1157:ISBN
1070:ISBN
958:2021
570:and
534:and
511:Oran
256:Rank
228:O.S.
214:None
73:Died
51:Born
1422:doi
1320:doi
1197:doi
727:'s
711:to
641:In
626:'s
513:in
417:'s
379:of
184:See
1635::
1436:.
1428:.
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1272:39
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1444:.
1424::
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1342:.
1322::
1282:.
1262:.
1232:.
1211:.
1199::
1186:.
1163:.
1122:.
1078:.
1053:.
986:.
960:.
905:.
866:"
859:"
852:"
618:"
23:.
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