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Species from this genus are herbaceous and have woody roots. They grow vines with fine hairs and trifoliolate,
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are unusual in having flowers with "handedness", that is, having neither radial nor bilateral symmetry.
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leaves with serrated edges. They release a strong smell when they dry. Their flowers bloom from
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482:. Species are native to all continents except Antarctica, with centers of diversity in
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by Felix Yu. VELICHKEVICH and Ewa ZASTAWNIAK - Acta
Palaeobot. 43(2): 137–259, 2003
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who was said to use the plant as medicine. The emperor's personal name comes from
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in central Russia. The fossil seeds are most similar to the extant
European
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Guide to the Genera of Lianas and
Climbing Plants of the Neotropics
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USDA records of the distribution of the genus in the United States
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1116:"Names of botanical genera inspired by mythology"
657:accepts over 435 species and hybrids, including:
1738:
1721:
835:– corn salad, lamb's lettuce, mâche, fetticus
678:(Fridl. & A.Raynal) Christenh. & Byng
750:– Alpine valerian or valerian spikenard
470:, members of which may be commonly known as
1168:Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879).
550:32 previously recognized genera, including
1728:
1714:
1193:. Cambridge University Press. p. 19.
1167:
1120:GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences
981:(Torr. & A.Gray) Christenh. & Byng
844:(Torr. & A.Gray) Byng & Christenh.
474:. It contains many species, including the
31:
1186:
1131:
1190:Morphology of Flowers and Inflorescences
361:(Graebn.) Dalla Torre & Harms (1905)
1214:Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro (April 2020).
501:in other parts of the world, including
1739:
1275:English Names for Korean Native Plants
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1042:
1040:
1038:
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1349:
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769:(Greene) Byng & Christenh. (2018)
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1592:be2f1964-60f2-48b1-a604-6c6fe0def9cf
1033:
13:
1631:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000719-2
1227:National Museum of Natural History
1146:
14:
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1321:
1161:
562:, are now considered synonyms of
507:in the western United States and
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1327:
1114:Ilieva, Iliana (30 March 2021).
1011:
995:
605:, have been recovered from Late
589:
54:
1266:
1255:and its correlation with other
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1207:
1180:
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1133:10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.3.0050
1107:
1082:
1071:
566:. Species in the former genus
1:
1027:
970:(Sull.) Christenh. & Byng
811:(Desv.) Christenh. & Byng
1700:. You can help Knowledge by
1059:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
547:which means "to be strong".
7:
1757:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1154:Online Etymology Dictionary
535:Publius Licinius Valerianus
520:
257:Gaertn. (1790), nom. cons.
10:
1778:
1679:
1176:. Perseus Digital Library.
1056:Plants of the World Online
988:
960:(Torr. & A.Gray) Rydb.
655:Plants of the World Online
642:
638:
617:deposits of south-eastern
497:Some species are known as
385:Adans. (1763), nom. illeg.
1357:
1187:Weberling, Focko (1992).
573:
265:Kunth (1819), nom. illeg.
178:
171:
51:Scientific classification
49:
39:
30:
23:
1283:Korea National Arboretum
909:– Pyrenean valerian
409:Raf. (1840), nom. illeg.
1231:Smithsonian Institution
857:– long-spurred valerian
627:Valeriana simplicifolia
525:The genus was named by
888:– garden valerian
872:Valeriana occidentalis
824:– Korean valerian
653:As of July 2024,
1752:Caprifoliaceae genera
1285:. 2015. p. 668.
1004:Valeriana officinalis
882:Valeriana officinalis
851:Valeriana macrosiphon
792:– marsh valerian
776:Valeriana coleophylla
734:Valeriana californica
724:Valeriana calcitrapae
694:Valeriana asterothrix
609:deposits of southern
510:Valeriana macrosiphon
480:Valeriana officinalis
297:Riv. ex Medik. (1789)
43:Valeriana officinalis
1336:at Wikimedia Commons
1312:Korea Forest Service
966:Valeriana umbilicata
935:Valeriana sitchensis
893:Valeriana pauciflora
813:– Italian corn salad
684:Valeriana aretioides
664:Valeriana alypifolia
603:Valeriana pliocenica
401:(Höck) Lincz. (1958)
345:Willd. ex DC. (1830)
313:Neck. ex Raf. (1813)
1090:"FloraBase Profile"
1078:USDA Plants Profile
983:– beaked corn salad
977:Valeriana woodsiana
956:Valeriana uliginosa
946:Valeriana trinervis
920:– red valerian
903:Valeriana pyrenaica
846:– longhorn seablush
840:Valeriana macrocera
807:Valeriana eriocarpa
771:– longspur seablush
714:Valeriana buxifolia
704:Valeriana bertiscea
543:and the Latin verb
490:(especially in the
1174:A Latin Dictionary
972:– navel corn salad
674:Valeriana amazonum
499:introduced species
209:(DC.) Spach (1841)
1709:
1708:
1677:
1676:
1600:Open Tree of Life
1351:Taxon identifiers
1332:Media related to
1292:978-89-97450-98-5
1147:Harper, Douglas.
925:Valeriana secunda
862:Valeriana montana
829:Valeriana locusta
818:Valeriana fauriei
765:Valeriana ciliosa
744:Valeriana celtica
629:(a subspecies of
515:Western Australia
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40:Garden valerian,
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1569:NHMSYS0000464759
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1295:. Archived from
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1251:, south-eastern
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1216:"Caprifoliaceae"
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1092:. Archived from
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941:– Sitka valerian
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855:(Boiss.) E.Vilm.
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797:Valeriana edulis
791:
786:Valeriana dioica
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755:Valeriana cernua
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632:Valeriana dioica
464:flowering plants
441:C.A.Müll. (1885)
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914:Valeriana rubra
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504:Valeriana rubra
476:garden valerian
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1667:wfo-4000039956
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1322:External links
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1302:on 25 May 2017
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643:Main article:
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468:Caprifoliaceae
466:in the family
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599:Valeriana sp,
596:
590:Fossil record
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527:Carl Linnaeus
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488:South America
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438:Valerianopsis
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1702:expanding it
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1358:
1310:– via
1304:. Retrieved
1297:the original
1274:
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1222:
1209:
1189:
1182:
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1098:. Retrieved
1094:the original
1084:
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601:among them †
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425:Small (1903)
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417:Raf. (1840)
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393:Hook. (1851)
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369:Pers. (1805)
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353:Ludw. (1757)
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229:
221:
217:Dufr. (1811)
213:
205:
198:Amblyorhinum
197:
189:
160:
159:
113:
100:
87:
74:
41:
24:
18:
1512:iNaturalist
1383:Wikispecies
1306:24 December
1281:. Pocheon:
1126:(3): 8–18.
613:, and from
568:Centranthus
552:Centranthus
358:Phuodendron
337:Raf. (1840)
334:Odontocarpa
321:Raf. (1840)
281:Raf. (1820)
273:Raf. (1840)
238:Centranthus
222:Belonanthus
206:Aretiastrum
146:Subfamily:
94:Angiosperms
1741:Categories
1694:Dipsacales
1530:30000719-2
1259:floras of
1149:"valerian"
1100:2009-02-25
1028:References
1020:V. montana
560:Plectritis
529:after the
422:Siphonella
382:Polypremum
377:DC. (1830)
374:Plectritis
366:Phyllactis
326:Ocymastrum
310:Mitrophora
278:Hemesotria
249:DC. (1834)
241:DC. (1805)
233:DC. (1832)
130:Dipsacales
1747:Valeriana
1389:Valeriana
1359:Valeriana
1334:Valeriana
1247:flora of
1050:Valeriana
929:B.Eriksen
759:B.Eriksen
647:Valeriana
597:seeds of
564:Valeriana
472:valerians
455:Valeriana
342:Oligacoce
246:Dufresnia
214:Astrephia
166:L. (1753)
161:Valeriana
64:Kingdom:
25:Valeriana
1651:VASCAN:
1644:40022656
1639:Tropicos
1368:Wikidata
1257:Pliocene
1249:Kholmech
1245:Pliocene
1063:1 August
876:A.Heller
738:A.Heller
718:F.G.Mey.
645:List of
615:Pliocene
533:emperor
521:Taxonomy
414:Saliunca
390:Porteria
318:Monastes
286:Hybidium
173:Synonyms
136:Family:
120:Asterids
107:Eudicots
1543:1031295
1491:2888741
1374:Q159559
1253:Belarus
1170:"vălĕo"
989:Gallery
649:species
639:Species
619:Belarus
611:Ukraine
607:Miocene
580:pinnate
540:Valeria
484:Eurasia
430:Stangea
406:Rittera
294:Locusta
230:Betckea
190:Aligera
156:Genus:
126:Order:
68:Plantae
1613:PLANTS
1605:393345
1589:NZOR:
1478:134313
1465:134313
1413:165016
1400:195770
1397:APDB:
1289:
1261:Europe
1197:
897:Michx.
708:Pančić
698:Killip
595:Fossil
574:Botany
558:, and
302:Masema
1692:This
1618:VALER
1582:19952
1556:35350
1538:IRMNG
1517:56161
1504:12618
1452:1VALG
1439:38228
1300:(PDF)
1279:(PDF)
1219:(PDF)
939:Bong.
822:Briq.
801:Nutt.
780:Diels
688:Kunth
668:Kunth
584:cymes
556:Fedia
545:valeo
531:Roman
492:Andes
460:genus
458:is a
270:Fuisa
262:Fedia
254:Fedia
114:Clade
101:Clade
88:Clade
75:Clade
1698:stub
1654:1808
1626:POWO
1577:NCBI
1551:ITIS
1525:IPNI
1499:GRIN
1486:GBIF
1447:EPPO
1426:85QF
1408:APNI
1308:2016
1287:ISBN
1243:The
1195:ISBN
1065:2024
950:Viv.
621:and
494:).
486:and
182:List
1662:WFO
1564:NBN
1473:FoC
1460:FNA
1434:EoL
1421:CoL
1128:doi
1052:L."
635:).
513:in
462:of
350:Phu
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1229:,
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1221:.
1172:.
1151:.
1124:14
1122:.
1118:.
1035:^
918:L.
907:L.
886:L.
866:L.
833:L.
790:L.
748:L.
728:L.
586:.
554:,
517:.
478:,
116::
103::
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1729:e
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1203:.
1157:.
1136:.
1130::
1103:.
1067:.
1048:"
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