29:
675:-like cell scaffold. Fully keratinized cells without a nucleus are called "floes". Intermediate and superficial cells are constantly exfoliated from the epithelium. The glycogen from these cells is converted to sugars and then fermented by the bacteria of the vaginal flora to lactic acid. The cells progress through the cell cycle and then decompose (cytolysis) within a week's time. Cytolysis occurs only in the presence of glycogen-containing cells, that is, when the epithelium is degraded to the upper intermediate cells and superficial cells. In this way, the cytoplasm is dissolved, while the cell nuclei remain.
269:) cells. The basal membrane provides the support for the first layer of the epithelium-the basal layer. The intermediate layers lie upon the basal layer, and the superficial layer is the outermost layer of the epithelium. Anatomists have described the epithelium as consisting of as many as 40 distinct layers of cells. The mucus found on the epithelium is secreted by the cervix and uterus. The rugae of the epithelium create an involuted surface and result in a large surface area that covers 360 cm. This large surface area allows the trans-epithelial absorption of some medications via the vaginal route.
684:
651:
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284:, there is proliferation of epithelial cells along with an increase in the number of cell layers. As cells proliferate and mature, they undergo partial cornification. Although hormone induced changes occur in the other tissues and organs of the female reproductive system, the vaginal epithelium is more sensitive and its structure is an indicator of estrogen levels. Some
320:. The cells of the vaginal epithelium retain a usually high level of glycogen compared to other epithelial tissue in the body. The surface patterns on the cells themselves are circular and arranged in longitudinal rows. The epithelial cells of the uterus possess some of the same characteristics of the vaginal epithelium.
741:
2513:
suggests that the vaginal is inflamed or infected. Though this may be true, inflammation and infection are not the major components of postmenopausal changes to the vagina after menopause. The former terms do not describe the negative effects on the lower urinary tract which can be the most troubling
753:
Sexually transmitted infections, including HIV are rarely transmitted across intact and healthy epithelium. These protective mechanisms are due to frequent exfoliation of the superficial cells, low pH, and innate and acquired immunity in the tissue. Research into the protective nature of the vaginal
666:
or glandular cells. Estrogen also influences the changing ratios of nuclear constituents to cytoplasm. As a result of cell aging, cells with shrunken, seemingly foamy cell nuclei (intermediate cells) develop from the parabasal cells. These can be categorized by means of the nuclear-plasma relation
881:
that can penetrate the cervical mucus (present in the vagina) and vaginal epithelium has been investigated to determine if medication can be administered in this manner to provide protection from infection of the Herpes simplex virus. Nanoparticle drug administration into and through the vaginal
565:
difusion. of molecules across the epithelial sheet. Tight junctions also have an organizing role in epithelial polarization by limiting the mobility of membrane-bound molecules between the apical and basolateral domains of the plasma membrane of each epithelial cell. Adherens junctions (zonula
691:
Low pH is necessary to control vaginal microbiota. Vaginal epithelial cells have a relatively high concentration of glycogen compared to other epithelial cells of the human body. The metabolism of this complex sugar by the lactobacillus dominated microbiome is responsible for vaginal acidity.
332:
that are most prominent in the lower third of the vagina. This structure of the epithelium results in an increased surface area that allows for stretching. This layer of epithelium is protective, and its uppermost surface of cornified (dead) cells are unique in that they are permeable to
500:
The parabasal cells include the stratum granulosum and the stratum spinosum. In these two layers, cells from the lower basal layer transition from active metabolic activity to death (apoptosis). In these mid-layers of the epithelia, the cells begin to lose their
716:. The permeability of epithelium thus provides access for these immune system components to prevent the passage of invading pathogens into deeper vaginal tissue. The epithelium further provides a barrier to microbes by the synthesis of antimicrobial peptides (
618:
is a vaginal anomaly traced to displacement of normal vaginal tissue by other reproductive tissue within the muscular layer and epithelium of the vaginal wall. This displaced tissue often contains glandular tissue and appears as a raised, red surface.
2508:
have been the preferred terms for this condition and cluster of symptoms until recently. These terms are now regarded as inaccurate in describing changes to the whole genitourinary system occurring after menopause. The term
544:
The junctions between epithelial cells regulate the passage of molecules, bacteria and viruses by functioning as a physical barrier. The three types of structural adhesions between epithelial cells are: tight junctions,
2639:
Saravanan M, Asmalash T, Gebrekidan A, Gebreegziabiher D, Araya T, Hilekiros H, Barabadi H, Ramanathan K (February 2018). "Nano-medicine as a newly emerging approach to combat Human
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)".
915:
Up to 26 layers have been seen - see
Pathology, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical; Mayeaux, E. J.; Cox, J. Thomas (2011-12-28). Modern Colposcopy Textbook and Atlas. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
662:) or the cell layers (parabasal cells) above it. The parabasal cells, which are slightly larger than the basal cells, form a five- to ten-layer cell layer. The parabasal cells can also differentiate into
704:
of the vaginal epithelium help prevent pathogenic microorganisms from entering the body though some are still able to penetrate this barrier. Cells of the cervix and vaginal epithelium generate a
2358:
586:
is not produced by the vaginal epithelium, mucus originates from the cervix. The cervical mucus that is located inside the vagina can be used to assess fertility in ovulating women. The
521:. The intermediate cells contain nuclei and are larger than the parabasal cells and more flattened. Some have identified a transitional layer of cells above the intermediate layer.
492:
The basal layer of the epithelium is the most mitotically active and reproduces new cells. This layer is composed of one layer of cuboidal cells lying on top of the basal membrane.
627:
During the luteal and follicular phases of the estrous cycle the structure of the vaginal epithelium varies. The number of cell layers vary during the days of the estrous cycle:
570:
from cell to cell to form a continuous adhesion belt, usually just below the microfilaments." Junction integrity changes as the cells move to the upper layers of the epidermis.
712:
provide additional immunity and are able to infiltrate and move through the vaginal epithelium. The epithelium is permeable to antibodies, other immune system cells, and
3779:
1716:"Antimicrobial peptides in the female reproductive tract: a critical component of the mucosal immune barrier with physiological and clinical implications (review)"
786:
772:
There are very rare malignant growths that can originate in the vaginal epithelium. Some are only known through case studies. They are more common in older women.
536:. Several layers of superficial cells exist that consist of large, flattened cells with indistinct nuclei. The superficial cells are exfoliated continuously.
2712:
296:
is contiguous with that of the vagina, possessing the same properties and function. The vaginal epithelium is divided into layers of cells, including the
2049:
Reich O, Fritsch H (October 2014). "The developmental origin of cervical and vaginal epithelium and their clinical consequences: a systematic review".
2170:
Redondo-Lopez V.; Cook R. L.; Sobel J. D. (1990). "Emerging role of lactobacilli in the control and maintenance of the vaginal bacterial microflora".
1336:
667:
into "upper" and "deep" intermediate cells. Intermediate cells make abundant glycogen and store it. The further nuclear shrinkage and formation of
658:
Without estrogen, the vaginal epithelium is only a few layers thick. Only small round cells are seen that originate directly from the basal layer (
2350:
3772:
967:
2156:
Linhares, I. M., P. R. Summers, B. Larsen, P. C. Giraldo, and S. S. Witkin. 2011. Contemporary perspectives on vaginal pH and lactobacilli"
2122:
Aroutcheva A.; Gariti D.; Simon M.; Shott S.; Faro J.; Simoes J. A.; Gurguis A.; Faro S. (2001). "Defense factors of vaginal lactobacilli".
3621:
244:
4130:
3765:
2705:
792:
610:, and the squamous epithelium of the upper vagina. The distinct origins of vaginal epithelium may impact the understanding of
2106:
1861:
1833:
1774:
1321:
1291:
1661:
404:
Frequent glycogen storage, thickened cell margins and decentralized cell nucleus; Predominant cell type in menopausal women
3916:
3545:
128:
2698:
2684:
1972:"Enhanced Trapping of HIV-1 by Human Cervicovaginal Mucus Is Associated with Lactobacillus crispatus-Dominant Microbiota"
2020:
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1558:
1515:
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992:
943:
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1507:
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and other cell organelles. The multiple layers of parabasal cells are polyhedral in shape with prominent nuclei.
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3889:
3882:
3102:
237:
151:
123:
100:
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687:
Glycogen is the complex form of sugar present in the vaginal epithelium that is metabolized into lactic acid
4135:
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3407:
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2951:
2846:
848:
thinned reddish vaginal epithelium, sometimes with erosions or ulcerations and abundant yellowish discharge
195:
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1311:
305:
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95:
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1501:
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230:
2303:"Primary Vaginal Melanoma, A Rare and Aggressive Entity. A Case Report and Review of the Literature"
732:
envelope that encases the cells of the epidermis and provides a physical barrier to microorganisms.
724:) and immunoglobulins. Terminally differentiated, superficial keratinocytes extrude the contents of
3813:
3808:
3803:
3570:
3535:
3380:
3172:
2956:
1622:
1419:"Structure and function of intercellular junctions in human cervical and vaginal mucosal epithelia"
137:
109:
86:
3353:
3930:
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3525:
3358:
2946:
2941:
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1059:
182:
2210:
606:. These are the vaginal squamous epithelium of the lower vagina, the columnar epithelium of the
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3363:
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896:
562:
172:
54:
2232:
1616:
1544:
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1053:
3703:
3698:
3462:
3192:
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The epithelium of the vagina originates from three different precursors during embryonic and
587:
558:
425:
308:
continuously, and basal cells replace the superficial cells that die and slough off from the
273:
177:
28:
1798:
1467:
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3213:
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603:
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3333:
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is a fungal infection; the discharge is irritating to the vagina and the surrounding skin.
8:
4155:
3976:
3746:
3741:
3414:
2830:
857:
The vaginal epithelium changes significantly when estrogen levels decrease at menopause.
834:
668:
33:
The epithelium of the vagina, visible at top, consists of multiple layers of flat cells.
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3348:
3343:
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1996:
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858:
796:
755:
390:
313:
2653:
1970:
Nunn KL, Wang YY, Harit D, Humphrys MS, Ma B, Cone R, Ravel J, Lai SK (October 2015).
276:, the vaginal epithelium is subject to normal, cyclic changes, that are influenced by
4089:
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3014:
2803:
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2657:
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1063:
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988:
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only in case of severe epithelial atrophy and in repair processes after inflammation
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2314:
2179:
2131:
2078:
2058:
1991:
1983:
1925:
1727:
1438:
1430:
1254:
1246:
1235:"The structure of the human vaginal stratum corneum and its role in immune defense"
1119:
1103:
1092:"The Structure of the Human Vaginal Stratum Corneum and its Role in Immune Defense"
801:
709:
615:
591:
409:
317:
1434:
1312:
Karl Knörr, Henriette Knörr-Gärtner, Fritz K. Beller, Christian
Lauritzen (2013),
671:
are distinct characteristics of superficial cells. The mucopolysaccharides form a
4125:
4067:
3998:
3993:
3731:
3726:
3077:
2866:
2779:
2591:
2574:
2062:
1714:
Yarbrough, Victoria L.; Winkle, Sean; Herbst-Kralovetz, Melissa M. (2015-05-01).
1688:
1582:
725:
642:
The glycogen levels in the cells is at its highest immediately before ovulation.
309:
285:
869:
The vaginal epithelium has been studied since 1910 by a number of histologists.
4100:
4074:
4021:
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3368:
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that make contact across the intercellular space and create a seal to restrict
554:
371:
334:
297:
2575:"Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: Management Strategies for the Clinician"
395:
part of the parabasal layer, round to longitudinal oval, cytoplasm basophilic
4119:
4084:
4016:
3678:
3582:
3261:
3256:
3208:
3109:
2909:
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2791:
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1115:
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891:
780:
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567:
445:
329:
301:
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2135:
1732:
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3375:
3328:
3127:
2661:
2600:
2559:
2480:
2415:
2397:
2336:
2143:
2070:
2005:
1939:
1749:
1452:
1268:
1133:
878:
721:
579:
502:
455:
451:
2638:
2318:
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1987:
60:
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3502:
3149:
3142:
3132:
3097:
3092:
3070:
3060:
3031:
2878:
1314:
Geburtshilfe und Gynäkologie: Physiologie und
Pathologie der Reproduktion
838:
3442:
1052:
Arulkumaran S, Regan L, Papageorghiou A, Monga A, Farquharson D (2011).
439:
in pregnancy: barge-like with thickened cell margin ("navicular cells")
3935:
3788:
3397:
3323:
3137:
3019:
1766:
Clinical
Anatomy: An Illustrated Review with Questions and Explanations
740:
663:
293:
289:
266:
79:
3119:
2121:
1250:
1107:
3988:
3971:
3297:
2888:
2729:
2169:
822:
683:
550:
3757:
436:
approx. 8 μm, decreasing core-plasma relation with increase in size
3983:
3434:
2976:
2896:
533:
529:
518:
514:
277:
1051:
754:
epithelium has been recommended as it would help in the design of
650:
3603:
2101:(in German) (2nd ed.). Stuttgart: Georg Thieme. p. 23.
1286:(in German) (2nd ed.). Stuttgart: Georg Thieme. p. 22.
672:
281:
2430:"Bacterial Vaginosis Symptoms, Treatment, Causes & Remedies"
2213:. National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. 2017
708:
barrier (glycocalyx) in which immune cells reside. In addition,
4096:
3721:
3587:
3248:
3082:
3045:
2904:
2679:
2616:"Small Comfort: Nanomedicine Able to Penetrate Bodily Defenses"
1713:
262:
47:
2526:"The Recent Review of the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause"
2022:
Sperm
Competition in Humans: Classic and Contemporary Readings
1316:(in German) (3rd ed.), Berlin: Springer, pp. 24–25,
882:
epithelium to treat HIV infection is also being investigated.
817:
Cross section of vaginal epithelium in a post-menopausal woman
813:
3419:
3315:
3306:
2914:
2747:
1957:"NFP Quick Instructions for the Marquette Model (Mucus Only)"
729:
705:
583:
2300:
1163:
Atlas of Human
Reproduction: By Scanning Electron Microscopy
1090:
Anderson, Deborah J.; Marathe, Jai; Pudney, Jeffrey (2014).
984:
Atlas of Human
Reproduction: By Scanning Electron Microscopy
532:
induces the intermediate and superficial cells to fill with
517:
induces the intermediate and superficial cells to fill with
2919:
292:
are also present in the epithelium. The epithelium of the
376:
round to cylindrical, narrow basophilic cytoplasmic space
2524:
Kim HK, Kang SY, Chung YJ, Kim JH, Kim MR (August 2015).
1914:"Unraveling the Dynamics of the Human Vaginal Microbiome"
1416:
594:
located at the entrance of the vagina do produce mucus.
513:
Intermediate cells make abundant glycogen and store it.
2301:
Kalampokas E, Kalampokas T, Damaskos C (January 2017).
1166:. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 1–6.
333:
microorganisms that are part of the vaginal flora. The
2452:
2233:"Vaginal cancer | Vaginal cancer | Cancer Research UK"
1659:
744:
Vaginal epithelial cells containing chlamydia bacteria
2380:
Sharma H, Tal R, Clark NA, Segars JH (January 2014).
1969:
1232:
1089:
728:
out of the cell to form a specialized, intercellular
2379:
842:
usually causes a discharge, itching, and irritation.
304:, and the intermediate cells. The superficial cells
2453:Donders G, Bellen G, Rezeberga D (September 2011).
1854:
1618:
Robboy's
Pathology of the Female Reproductive Tract
1356:
1660:Haschek WM, Rousseaux CG, Wallig MA (2009-11-23).
1417:Blaskewicz CD, Pudney J, Anderson DJ (July 2011).
2572:
1769:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 98.
1690:Blaustein's Pathology of the Female Genital Tract
1614:
1584:Blaustein's Pathology of the Female Genital Tract
1055:Oxford Desk Reference: Obstetrics and Gynaecology
4117:
2018:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1570:
2523:
1357:Pathology AS, Mayeaux EJ, Cox JT (2011-12-28).
2720:
2573:Faubion SS, Sood R, Kapoor E (December 2017).
1680:
1233:Anderson DJ, Marathe J, Pudney J (June 2014).
328:Vaginal epithelium forms transverse ridges or
3773:
2706:
1567:
1159:
1047:
1045:
980:
789:arises from secretory cells in the epithelium
464:vesicular and slightly stainable or shrunken
238:
2382:"Microbiota and pelvic inflammatory disease"
2282:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2260:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2048:
1847:
1845:
1335:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
280:: with increasing circulating levels of the
1538:
1536:
1534:
1239:American Journal of Reproductive Immunology
1096:American Journal of Reproductive Immunology
795:arises in response to prenatal exposure to
3780:
3766:
2713:
2699:
2115:
2092:
2090:
2088:
1911:
1856:(in German). Stuttgart: Enke. p. 17.
1499:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1465:
1385:"Vaginal Cytology: Introduction and Index"
1042:
966:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
654:Different layers of the vaginal epithelium
245:
231:
27:
2590:
2549:
2470:
2405:
2326:
1995:
1929:
1842:
1826:Reproductive and developmental toxicology
1731:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1442:
1258:
1197:. Simon and Schuster. 2017. p. 185.
1123:
987:. Springer Science & Business Media.
804:arises from melanocytes in the epithelium
2280:"Known Health Effects for DES Daughters"
1918:The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
1828:. London: Academic Press. p. 1005.
1792:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1542:
1531:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1194:USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes 2017: Anatomy
861:usually causes scant odorless discharge
812:
739:
735:
682:
678:
649:
430:oval to polygonal, cytoplasm basophilic
2613:
2085:
1851:
1693:(5th ed.). Springer. p. 154.
1587:(5th ed.). Springer. p. 154.
1486:
1275:
1006:
1004:
793:Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
748:
300:, the parabasal cells, the superficial
4118:
2343:
2051:Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease
1951:
1949:
1879:
1686:
1601:
1580:
936:Immunology of the female genital tract
3829:
3787:
3761:
2694:
2351:"Vaginal yeast infections fact sheet"
2205:
2203:
2201:
2096:
2044:
2042:
1912:Nunn KL, Forney LJ (September 2016).
1907:
1905:
1903:
1886:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
1875:
1873:
1823:
1796:
1783:
1762:
1756:
1663:Fundamentals of Toxicologic Pathology
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1363:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
1352:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1300:
1281:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1010:
508:
3917:Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
3483:Infra-corporeal residual spongy part
3305:
1503:Modern Colposcopy Textbook and Atlas
1360:Modern Colposcopy Textbook and Atlas
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1001:
622:
524:
479:become detached from the epithelium
1946:
1160:Hafez ES, Kenemans P (2012-12-06).
981:Hafez ES, Kenemans P (2012-12-06).
933:
578:The vagina itself does not contain
312:. Under the stratus corneum is the
74:This article is part of a series on
13:
2198:
2039:
1900:
1883:The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2011
1870:
1646:
1401:
1343:
1180:
495:
265:consisting of multiple layers of (
219:Table of epithelia of human organs
14:
4167:
2672:
2654:10.2174/2211738506666180209095710
2386:Seminars in Reproductive Medicine
2361:from the original on 4 March 2015
1800:DC Dutta's Textbook of Gynecology
1551:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
1508:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
1469:DC Dutta's Textbook of Gynecology
1211:
1140:
1014:Pathology of the Vulva and Vagina
934:E R, Weissenbacher (2015-06-02).
539:
4131:Human female reproductive system
2678:
2514:symptoms of menopause for women.
2472:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.03020.x
2455:"Aerobic vaginitis in pregnancy"
2019:Shackelford TK, Pound N (2006).
1803:. JP Medical Ltd. pp. 2–7.
1466:Dutta DC, Konar H (2014-04-30).
3479:Trabeculae of corpora cavernosa
2632:
2607:
2566:
2517:
2495:
2446:
2422:
2373:
2294:
2272:
2250:
2225:
2163:
2150:
2012:
1963:
1817:
1707:
1459:
1377:
1019:Springer Science+Business Media
808:
777:Vaginal squamous-cell carcinoma
3897:Stratified columnar epithelium
3890:Stratified cuboidal epithelium
3883:Stratified squamous epithelium
2530:Journal of Menopausal Medicine
1083:
974:
927:
909:
645:
597:
487:
1:
2642:Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
2099:Gynäkologische Zytodiagnostik
1959:. Marquette University. 2018.
1435:10.1095/biolreprod.110.090423
1284:Gynäkologische Zytodiagnostik
902:
566:adherens) connect bundles of
2592:10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.08.019
2063:10.1097/lgt.0000000000000023
414:part of the parabasal layer
323:
261:is the inner lining of the
7:
3627:Internal urethral sphincter
1500:Mayeaux EJ, Cox TJ (2011).
885:
872:
695:
10:
4172:
3863:Simple columnar epithelium
3856:Simple cuboidal epithelium
3837:Simple squamous epithelium
2722:Female reproductive system
2211:"Vaginal Cancer Treatment"
1615:Stanley J. Robboy (2009).
938:. Heidelberg. p. 16.
864:
852:
820:
765:
382:distinct, 8–10 μm in size
16:Inner lining of the vagina
4055:
4030:
4009:
3964:
3957:
3950:
3909:
3875:
3822:
3796:
3714:
3648:
3632:External urethral orifice
3622:External sphincter muscle
3617:Internal urethral orifice
3602:
3433:
3426:Vestibular gland openings
3388:Posterior labial arteries
3314:
3296:
3247:
3226:
3201:
3163:
3118:
3053:
3044:
3005:
2975:
2932:
2887:
2839:
2755:
2746:
2737:
2728:
1720:Human Reproduction Update
1546:Obstetrics and Gynecology
761:
454:, transparent, partially
341:is under the epithelium.
53:
43:
38:
26:
21:
3546:Superficial dorsal veins
3536:Internal pudendal artery
2542:10.6118/jmm.2015.21.2.65
2237:www.cancerresearchuk.org
2184:10.1093/clinids/12.5.856
2025:. Taylor & Francis.
1623:Elsevier Health Sciences
573:
344:
138:Cuboidal epithelial cell
110:Columnar epithelial cell
87:Squamous epithelial cell
3931:Transitional epithelium
3699:Uterine venous plexuses
3561:Internal pudendal veins
3359:Posterior labial nerves
2579:Mayo Clinic Proceedings
2158:Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.
2136:10.1067/mob.2001.115867
1687:Kurman RJ, ed. (2002).
1581:Kurman RJ, ed. (2002).
1423:Biology of Reproduction
1060:Oxford University Press
3922:Respiratory epithelium
3393:Posterior labial veins
3364:Anterior labial nerves
3193:Pubocervical ligaments
2398:10.1055/s-0033-1361822
2124:Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol
1389:www.vivo.colostate.edu
818:
787:Vaginal adenocarcinoma
745:
688:
655:
633:Days 12-14, 46 layers
563:transmembrane proteins
559:transmembrane proteins
474:exfoliate, slough off
55:Anatomical terminology
3704:Vaginal venous plexus
3188:Uterosacral ligaments
2357:. December 23, 2014.
2319:10.21873/invivo.11036
1988:10.1128/mBio.01084-15
1733:10.1093/humupd/dmu065
821:Further information:
816:
766:Further information:
743:
736:Clinical significance
686:
679:Epithelial microbiota
653:
272:In the course of the
160:Specialised epithelia
3747:Uterotubal junctions
3349:Posterior commissure
3214:Urogenital diaphragm
3103:Supravaginal portion
3025:Vesicular appendages
2990:Suspensory ligaments
2934:Fallopian tubes
2687:at Wikimedia Commons
2614:Greenemeier, Larry.
2502:Vulvovaginal atrophy
1553:. pp. 241–245.
1543:Beckmann CR (2010).
749:Disease transmission
553:. "Tight junctions (
450:polygonal, baso- or
4136:Women and sexuality
3742:Vesicouterine pouch
3493:Commissure of bulbs
3458:Suspensory ligament
3344:Anterior commissure
2967:Intramural segments
2847:Germinal epithelium
2831:Perivitelline space
2620:Scientific American
835:Bacterial vaginosis
669:mucopolysaccharides
636:Day 19, 32 layers
446:squamous flat cells
401:clear cell nucleus
350:
302:squamous flat cells
4063:Myoepithelial cell
3737:Rectouterine pouch
3463:Fundiform ligament
3279:Support structures
3234:Bartholin's glands
3183:Cardinal ligaments
2995:Pampiniform plexus
2826:Membrana granulosa
2685:Vaginal epithelium
2511:atrophic vaginitis
2506:atrophic vaginitis
2160:204:120.e1-120.e5.
1880:Domino FJ (2010).
1852:Wehrend A (2010).
1666:. Academic Press.
1472:. JP Medical Ltd.
859:Atrophic vaginitis
819:
797:diethylstilbestrol
783:of the epithelium.
758:and microbicides.
756:topical medication
746:
702:cellular junctions
689:
656:
639:Day 24, 24 layers
630:Day 10, 22 layers
588:Bartholin's glands
557:) are composed of
547:adherens junctions
509:Intermediate cells
391:stratum granulosum
349:
314:stratum granulosum
274:reproductive cycle
259:vaginal epithelium
22:Vaginal epithelium
4113:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4051:
4050:
3946:
3945:
3905:
3904:
3871:
3870:
3755:
3754:
3644:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3551:Deep dorsal veins
3531:Arteries of bulbs
3475:Corpora cavernosa
3398:Interlabial sulci
3339:Labiocrural folds
3292:
3291:
3227:Vestibular glands
3222:
3221:
3040:
3039:
3007:Wolffian vestiges
2985:Ovarian ligaments
2928:
2927:
2804:Follicular antrum
2683:Media related to
2585:(12): 1842–1849.
2108:978-3-13-131092-7
2097:Nauth HF (2014).
1863:978-3-8304-1076-8
1835:978-0-12-382032-7
1797:Dutta DC (2014).
1776:978-0-7817-4316-7
1763:Snell RS (2004).
1323:978-3-642-95584-6
1293:978-3-13-131092-7
1282:Nauth HF (2014).
1251:10.1111/aji.12230
1108:10.1111/aji.12230
846:Aerobic vaginitis
829:Candida vaginitis
710:white blood cells
623:Cyclic variations
612:vaginal anomalies
604:fetal development
525:Superficial cells
485:
484:
426:intermediate cell
339:connective tissue
255:
254:
69:
68:
64:
4163:
3962:
3961:
3955:
3954:
3907:
3906:
3873:
3872:
3827:
3826:
3782:
3775:
3768:
3759:
3758:
3659:Ovarian arteries
3592:Tunica albuginea
3354:Dartos muliebris
3312:
3311:
3303:
3302:
3051:
3050:
2862:Cumulus oophorus
2852:Tunica albuginea
2809:Follicular fluid
2753:
2752:
2744:
2743:
2735:
2734:
2715:
2708:
2701:
2692:
2691:
2682:
2666:
2665:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2594:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2553:
2521:
2515:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2474:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2409:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2355:womenshealth.gov
2347:
2341:
2340:
2330:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2207:
2196:
2195:
2172:Rev. Infect. Dis
2167:
2161:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2094:
2083:
2082:
2046:
2037:
2036:
2016:
2010:
2009:
1999:
1982:(5): e01084–15.
1967:
1961:
1960:
1953:
1944:
1943:
1933:
1909:
1898:
1897:
1877:
1868:
1867:
1849:
1840:
1839:
1824:Gupta R (2011).
1821:
1815:
1814:
1794:
1781:
1780:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1735:
1711:
1705:
1704:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1657:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1612:
1599:
1598:
1578:
1565:
1564:
1540:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1497:
1484:
1483:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1446:
1414:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1354:
1341:
1340:
1334:
1326:
1309:
1298:
1297:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1262:
1230:
1209:
1208:
1189:
1178:
1177:
1157:
1138:
1137:
1127:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1049:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1021:. pp. 6–7.
1011:Brown L (2012).
1008:
999:
998:
978:
972:
971:
965:
957:
931:
925:
913:
802:Vaginal melanoma
779:arises from the
616:Vaginal adenosis
555:zonula occludens
471:stratum corneum
410:stratum spinosum
351:
348:
318:stratum spinosum
286:Langerhans cells
247:
240:
233:
129:Pseudostratified
71:
70:
61:edit on Wikidata
58:
31:
19:
18:
4171:
4170:
4166:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4116:
4115:
4114:
4105:
4068:Serous demilune
4047:
4026:
4005:
3942:
3901:
3867:
3818:
3792:
3786:
3756:
3751:
3732:Perineal sponge
3727:Urethral sponge
3710:
3679:Spiral arteries
3636:
3598:
3521:Dorsal arteries
3498:Pars intermedia
3429:
3415:Vaginal orifice
3288:
3243:
3218:
3197:
3178:Broad ligaments
3173:Round ligaments
3159:
3114:
3036:
3015:Gartner's ducts
3001:
2971:
2924:
2883:
2835:
2724:
2719:
2675:
2670:
2669:
2637:
2633:
2624:
2622:
2612:
2608:
2571:
2567:
2522:
2518:
2500:
2496:
2465:(10): 1163–70.
2451:
2447:
2438:
2436:
2434:eMedicineHealth
2428:
2427:
2423:
2378:
2374:
2364:
2362:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2299:
2295:
2285:
2283:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2263:
2261:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2241:
2239:
2231:
2230:
2226:
2216:
2214:
2209:
2208:
2199:
2168:
2164:
2155:
2151:
2120:
2116:
2109:
2095:
2086:
2047:
2040:
2033:
2017:
2013:
1968:
1964:
1955:
1954:
1947:
1910:
1901:
1894:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1850:
1843:
1836:
1822:
1818:
1811:
1795:
1784:
1777:
1761:
1757:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1685:
1681:
1674:
1658:
1647:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1625:. p. 111.
1613:
1602:
1595:
1579:
1568:
1561:
1541:
1532:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1498:
1487:
1480:
1464:
1460:
1415:
1402:
1393:
1391:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1371:
1355:
1344:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1310:
1301:
1294:
1280:
1276:
1231:
1212:
1205:
1191:
1190:
1181:
1174:
1158:
1141:
1088:
1084:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1062:. p. 471.
1050:
1043:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1009:
1002:
995:
979:
975:
959:
958:
946:
932:
928:
914:
910:
905:
888:
875:
867:
855:
825:
811:
770:
764:
751:
738:
726:lamellar bodies
698:
681:
648:
625:
600:
576:
568:actin filaments
542:
527:
511:
498:
496:Parabasal cells
490:
347:
326:
310:stratum corneum
251:
65:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4169:
4159:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4141:Women's health
4138:
4133:
4128:
4111:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4103:
4094:
4093:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4059:
4057:
4053:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4040:
4034:
4032:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4022:Alveolar gland
4019:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3986:
3981:
3980:
3979:
3968:
3966:
3959:
3952:
3948:
3947:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3939:
3938:
3927:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3913:
3911:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3893:
3892:
3886:
3885:
3879:
3877:
3869:
3868:
3866:
3865:
3859:
3858:
3852:
3851:
3850:
3849:
3844:
3833:
3831:
3824:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3793:
3785:
3784:
3777:
3770:
3762:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3718:
3716:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3683:
3682:
3681:
3676:
3674:Vaginal artery
3671:
3669:Arcuate artery
3666:
3664:Uterine artery
3661:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3612:Urethral crest
3608:
3606:
3600:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3576:Pudendal nerve
3573:
3565:
3564:
3563:
3558:
3556:Veins of bulbs
3553:
3548:
3540:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3515:
3514:
3513:
3508:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3489:
3488:
3485:
3480:
3477:
3467:
3466:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3439:
3437:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3369:Perineal nerve
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3334:Pudendal cleft
3326:
3320:
3318:
3309:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3253:
3251:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3239:Skene's glands
3236:
3230:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3211:
3205:
3203:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3169:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3146:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3124:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3107:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3080:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3068:
3057:
3055:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3017:
3011:
3009:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2987:
2981:
2979:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2938:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2899:
2893:
2891:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2854:
2849:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2821:Zona pellucida
2818:
2816:Corona radiata
2813:
2812:
2811:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2761:
2759:
2750:
2741:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2718:
2717:
2710:
2703:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2674:
2673:External links
2671:
2668:
2667:
2631:
2606:
2565:
2516:
2494:
2445:
2421:
2372:
2342:
2313:(1): 133–139.
2293:
2271:
2249:
2224:
2197:
2178:(5): 856–872.
2162:
2149:
2130:(2): 375–379.
2114:
2107:
2084:
2038:
2031:
2011:
1962:
1945:
1924:(3): 331–337.
1899:
1892:
1869:
1862:
1841:
1834:
1816:
1810:978-9351520689
1809:
1782:
1775:
1755:
1726:(3): 353–377.
1706:
1699:
1679:
1672:
1645:
1632:978-0443074776
1631:
1600:
1593:
1566:
1560:978-0781788076
1559:
1530:
1517:978-1451153835
1516:
1485:
1478:
1458:
1400:
1376:
1369:
1342:
1322:
1299:
1292:
1274:
1210:
1203:
1179:
1172:
1139:
1102:(6): 618–623.
1082:
1069:978-0191620874
1068:
1041:
1028:978-0857297570
1027:
1000:
993:
973:
944:
926:
907:
906:
904:
901:
900:
899:
897:Vaginal tumors
894:
887:
884:
874:
871:
866:
863:
854:
851:
850:
849:
843:
832:
810:
807:
806:
805:
799:
790:
784:
781:squamous cells
768:Vaginal cancer
763:
760:
750:
747:
737:
734:
718:beta-defensins
714:macromolecules
697:
694:
680:
677:
647:
644:
624:
621:
599:
596:
592:Skene's glands
575:
572:
541:
540:Cell junctions
538:
526:
523:
510:
507:
497:
494:
489:
486:
483:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
468:
467:
465:
462:
461:50–60 microns
459:
448:
441:
440:
437:
434:
431:
428:
422:
421:
419:
417:
415:
412:
406:
405:
402:
399:
396:
393:
387:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
368:
367:
364:
361:
358:
355:
346:
343:
335:lamina propria
325:
322:
253:
252:
250:
249:
242:
235:
227:
224:
223:
222:
221:
213:
212:
208:
207:
206:
205:
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203:
198:
190:
185:
180:
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170:
162:
161:
157:
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149:
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113:
112:
106:
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66:
57:
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50:
45:
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40:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4168:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4102:
4098:
4095:
4091:
4090:Intercalated
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4054:
4044:
4043:Mucous glands
4041:
4039:
4038:Serous glands
4036:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4017:Tubular gland
4015:
4014:
4012:
4008:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3978:
3975:
3974:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3963:
3960:
3956:
3953:
3949:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3923:
3920:
3919:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3908:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3874:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3853:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3828:
3825:
3821:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3795:
3790:
3783:
3778:
3776:
3771:
3769:
3764:
3763:
3760:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3689:Ovarian veins
3687:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3605:
3601:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3583:Clitoral hood
3581:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3571:Dorsal nerves
3569:
3568:
3566:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3526:Deep arteries
3524:
3522:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3512:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3471:
3468:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3436:
3432:
3425:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3374:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3295:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3200:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3130:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3111:
3108:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3033:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3004:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2935:
2931:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2910:Ootidogenesis
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:Oocytogenesis
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2890:
2886:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2785:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2770:Hemorrhagicum
2768:
2767:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2716:
2711:
2709:
2704:
2702:
2697:
2696:
2693:
2686:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2635:
2621:
2617:
2610:
2602:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2569:
2561:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2520:
2512:
2507:
2503:
2498:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2449:
2435:
2431:
2425:
2417:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2376:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2338:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2297:
2281:
2275:
2259:
2253:
2238:
2234:
2228:
2212:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2166:
2159:
2153:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2118:
2110:
2104:
2100:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2057:(4): 358–60.
2056:
2052:
2045:
2043:
2034:
2032:9780387280363
2028:
2024:
2023:
2015:
2007:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1966:
1958:
1952:
1950:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1895:
1893:9781608312597
1889:
1885:
1884:
1876:
1874:
1865:
1859:
1855:
1848:
1846:
1837:
1831:
1827:
1820:
1812:
1806:
1802:
1801:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1778:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1759:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1710:
1702:
1700:9780387952031
1696:
1692:
1691:
1683:
1675:
1673:9780080919324
1669:
1665:
1664:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1634:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1596:
1594:9780387952031
1590:
1586:
1585:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1562:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1547:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1519:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1481:
1479:9789351520689
1475:
1471:
1470:
1462:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1429:(1): 97–104.
1428:
1424:
1420:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1390:
1386:
1380:
1372:
1370:9781451153835
1366:
1362:
1361:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1338:
1332:
1325:
1319:
1315:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1295:
1289:
1285:
1278:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1245:(6): 618–23.
1244:
1240:
1236:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1206:
1204:9781506209463
1200:
1196:
1195:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1175:
1173:9789401181402
1169:
1165:
1164:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1086:
1071:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1048:
1046:
1030:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1007:
1005:
996:
994:9789401181402
990:
986:
985:
977:
969:
963:
955:
951:
947:
945:9783642149054
941:
937:
930:
923:
922:9781451153835
919:
912:
908:
898:
895:
893:
892:Vaginal cysts
890:
889:
883:
880:
879:nanoparticles
870:
862:
860:
847:
844:
841:
840:
836:
833:
830:
827:
826:
824:
815:
803:
800:
798:
794:
791:
788:
785:
782:
778:
775:
774:
773:
769:
759:
757:
742:
733:
731:
727:
723:
722:cathelicidins
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
693:
685:
676:
674:
670:
665:
661:
652:
643:
640:
637:
634:
631:
628:
620:
617:
613:
609:
605:
595:
593:
589:
585:
581:
580:mucous glands
571:
569:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
537:
535:
531:
522:
520:
516:
506:
504:
493:
481:
478:
476:
473:
470:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
456:keratohyaline
453:
449:
447:
443:
442:
438:
435:
432:
429:
427:
424:
423:
420:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
407:
403:
400:
397:
394:
392:
389:
388:
384:
381:
378:
375:
373:
370:
369:
365:
362:
359:
356:
353:
352:
342:
340:
336:
331:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
270:
268:
264:
260:
248:
243:
241:
236:
234:
229:
228:
226:
225:
220:
217:
216:
215:
214:
210:
209:
202:
199:
197:
194:
193:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
179:
176:
174:
171:
169:
166:
165:
164:
163:
159:
158:
153:
150:
148:
145:
144:
143:
142:
139:
136:
135:
130:
127:
125:
122:
120:
117:
116:
115:
114:
111:
108:
107:
102:
99:
97:
94:
93:
92:
91:
88:
85:
84:
81:
78:
77:
73:
72:
62:
56:
52:
49:
46:
42:
37:
30:
25:
20:
4080:Intralobular
3694:Uterine vein
3649:Blood supply
3376:Labia minora
3329:Labia majora
3283:
2879:Retia ovarii
2856:
2764:
2648:(1): 17–27.
2645:
2641:
2634:
2623:. Retrieved
2619:
2609:
2582:
2578:
2568:
2536:(2): 65–71.
2533:
2529:
2519:
2510:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2462:
2458:
2448:
2437:. Retrieved
2433:
2424:
2389:
2385:
2375:
2363:. Retrieved
2354:
2345:
2310:
2306:
2296:
2284:. Retrieved
2274:
2262:. Retrieved
2252:
2240:. Retrieved
2236:
2227:
2215:. Retrieved
2175:
2171:
2165:
2157:
2152:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2098:
2054:
2050:
2021:
2014:
1979:
1975:
1965:
1921:
1917:
1882:
1853:
1825:
1819:
1799:
1765:
1758:
1723:
1719:
1709:
1689:
1682:
1662:
1636:. Retrieved
1617:
1583:
1545:
1523:December 11,
1521:. Retrieved
1502:
1468:
1461:
1426:
1422:
1392:. Retrieved
1388:
1379:
1359:
1313:
1283:
1277:
1242:
1238:
1193:
1162:
1099:
1095:
1085:
1075:February 21,
1073:. Retrieved
1054:
1034:February 21,
1032:. Retrieved
1013:
983:
976:
935:
929:
911:
876:
868:
856:
837:
809:Inflammation
771:
752:
699:
690:
657:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
601:
577:
543:
528:
512:
503:mitochondria
499:
491:
452:eosinophilic
444:superficial
327:
271:
258:
256:
187:
183:Transitional
4151:Gynaecology
3847:Mesothelium
3842:Endothelium
3150:Parametrium
3143:Perimetrium
3133:Endometrium
3098:External os
3093:Internal os
2952:Infundibula
2392:(1): 43–9.
2286:February 8,
2264:February 8,
2258:"About DES"
2242:February 8,
2217:February 8,
1638:November 5,
877:The use of
839:Gardnerella
664:histiocytes
660:basal cells
646:Lytic cells
598:Development
488:Basal cells
298:basal cells
290:melanocytes
173:Respiratory
4156:Epithelium
4120:Categories
4056:Components
3936:Urothelium
3876:stratified
3789:Epithelial
3324:Mons pubis
3284:Epithelium
3155:Epithelium
3138:Myometrium
3032:Paroophora
2625:2018-02-17
2439:2018-02-08
1394:2018-02-06
903:References
608:endocervix
551:desmosomes
372:basal cell
354:cell type
294:ectocervix
178:Intestinal
152:Stratified
124:Stratified
101:Stratified
4085:Striated
4031:Secretion
3999:Meibomian
3994:Sebaceous
3989:Holocrine
3972:Merocrine
3965:Mechanism
3809:Cuboidal
3804:Squamous
3655:Arteries
3517:Arteries
3403:Vestibule
3165:Ligaments
3020:Epoophora
2977:Ligaments
2889:Oogenesis
2757:Follicles
1742:1355-4786
1116:1046-7408
962:cite book
954:868922790
823:Vaginitis
582:. Though
433:30–50 μm
379:12-14 μm
360:Diameter
357:Features
324:Structure
306:exfoliate
192:Germinal
168:Olfactory
80:Epithelia
3984:Apocrine
3814:Columnar
3511:Frenulum
3435:Clitoris
3381:Frenulum
3298:External
3272:Fornices
2957:Fimbriae
2947:Ampullae
2897:Oogonium
2780:Albicans
2730:Internal
2662:29424324
2601:29202940
2560:26357643
2481:21668769
2416:24390920
2359:Archived
2337:28064232
2144:11518895
2071:24977630
2006:26443453
1940:27698617
1750:25547201
1453:21471299
1331:citation
1269:24661416
1134:24661416
886:See also
873:Research
696:Function
534:glycogen
530:Estrogen
519:glycogen
515:Estrogen
458:granule
278:estrogen
267:squamous
4146:Anatomy
3977:Eccrine
3604:Urethra
3567:Nerves
3202:General
3078:Isthmus
3054:Regions
2874:Medulla
2797:Interna
2792:Externa
2748:Ovaries
2551:4561742
2489:7789770
2407:4148456
2365:5 March
2328:5354139
2307:In Vivo
2192:2237129
2079:3060493
1997:4611035
1931:5045142
1444:3123383
1260:4024347
1125:4024347
865:History
853:Atrophy
673:keratin
363:Nuclei
282:hormone
188:Vaginal
44:Part of
39:Details
4126:Vagina
4097:Acinus
3951:Glands
3830:Simple
3791:tissue
3722:G-spot
3685:Veins
3595:Septum
3588:Fascia
3542:Veins
3507:Corona
3249:Vagina
3209:Glands
3120:Layers
3083:Cervix
3071:Fundus
3066:Cavity
3046:Uterus
2942:Isthmi
2905:Oocyte
2867:Stroma
2857:Cortex
2787:Thecae
2775:Luteum
2765:Corpus
2739:Adnexa
2660:
2599:
2558:
2548:
2487:
2479:
2414:
2404:
2335:
2325:
2190:
2142:
2105:
2077:
2069:
2029:
2004:
1994:
1938:
1928:
1890:
1860:
1832:
1807:
1773:
1748:
1740:
1697:
1670:
1629:
1591:
1557:
1514:
1476:
1451:
1441:
1367:
1320:
1290:
1267:
1257:
1201:
1170:
1132:
1122:
1114:
1066:
1025:
991:
952:
942:
920:
762:Cancer
706:mucous
549:, and
398:20 μm
366:Notes
263:vagina
196:female
147:Simple
119:Simple
96:Simple
48:Vagina
4075:Ducts
4010:Shape
3958:Types
3910:Other
3823:Types
3797:Cells
3715:Other
3503:Glans
3487:Angle
3453:Bulbs
3448:Crura
3420:Hymen
3408:Fossa
3316:Labia
3307:Vulva
3267:Walls
3262:Rugae
3257:Canal
3110:Horns
3088:Canal
2962:Ostia
2915:Ootid
2840:Other
2485:S2CID
2075:S2CID
730:lipid
584:mucus
574:Mucus
345:Cells
330:rugae
211:Other
59:[
4101:Lobe
3470:Body
3443:Root
3128:Wall
3061:Body
2920:Ovum
2658:PMID
2597:PMID
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