31:
301:
on
December 7, 1999. The court unanimously held that Congress intended the United States Coast Guard to be the sole national authority regarding the design, construction, maintenance and certain operational requirements of tank vessels. Following the decision, Washington State withdrew the offending
268:
passed a law authorizing the state Office of Marine Safety to regulate certain aspects of tanker and oil barge operations when calling on
Washington state ports. Specifically, the Office of Marine Safety adopted regulations requiring tank vessel operators to submit an oil spill prevention plan for
349:
The Court held that "Washington's regulations regarding general navigation watch procedures, crew
English language skills and training, and maritime casualty reporting are pre-empted by the comprehensive federal regulatory scheme governing oil tankers; the case is remanded so the validity of other
322:
regarding the federal government's strong role and preemptive powers in regulating interstate commerce. The court found that the states cannot pass laws that interfere with the federal government's authority over interstate commerce when a federal agency is granted exclusive jurisdiction by the
350:
Washington regulations may be assessed in light of the considerable federal interest at stake." The state of
Washington did not pursue the remand back to the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, but withdrew all of its regulations related to tank vessel oil spill prevention plans.
331:
of the United States
Constitution provides that "this Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land." The
336:
in
Article I Section 8 of the United States Constitution provides that "Congress shall have Power...to regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes." The previous decisions set the basis for the government to use these
1611:
2773:
341:
as "...necessary and proper..." also stated in the
Constitution. These federal powers are likely to remain in tension with the powers of the states as articulated in the 10th amendment to the United States Constitution as adopted in the
751:
1208:
4179:
3470:
2733:
346:. The Tenth Amendment provides that, "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."
1288:
1256:
2709:
4171:
718:
2906:
572:
4163:
3310:
3903:
3823:
678:
3262:
2012:
4419:
629:
4147:
3478:
1683:
1232:
625:
576:
3830:
682:
2643:
4025:
4155:
3622:
3590:
3270:
897:
224:
318:
4270:
4187:
1427:
4374:
3778:
3278:
2874:
981:
1707:
989:
4115:
3699:
3646:
3350:
3031:
2741:
1942:
1740:
1056:
804:
102:) ¶ 32,038; 2000 AMC 913; 2000 Cal. Daily Op. Service 1763; 2000 Daily Journal DAR 2409; 30 ELR 20438; 2000 Colo. J. C.A.R. 1233; 13 Fla. L. Weekly Fed. S 151
2994:
2834:
1160:
478:
382:
228:
80:
3574:
3160:
2701:
1996:
1910:
1635:
1531:
1320:
4107:
3486:
3197:
1595:
3206:
3056:
1216:
4195:
3866:
3510:
3446:
2749:
3882:
3724:
3678:
3246:
2757:
1304:
864:
4384:
3422:
2978:
2672:
2387:
2302:
1451:
3654:
3358:
3144:
3064:
2589:
2448:
2310:
4139:
3550:
3072:
2914:
2581:
1579:
558:
220:
1847:
4389:
3708:
289:
intended the Coast Guard to have complete authority, particularly when such regulation could affect interstate and international commerce.
3176:
2986:
2858:
2826:
2517:
1892:
1499:
4379:
3494:
2898:
2621:
1443:
1296:
1264:
933:
62:, et al.; International Association of Independent Tanker Owners (INTERTANKO), Petitioner v. Gary Locke, Governor of Washington, et al.
4414:
3254:
3152:
2395:
2379:
2371:
245:
case in which the Court unanimously held that certain state regulations regarding oil tankers and oil barges are preempted under the
3566:
3286:
3040:
2432:
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2270:
1192:
4399:
3582:
2962:
2573:
2198:
1483:
1328:
1248:
941:
249:
of the United States
Constitution in deference to the extensive body of federal regulations affecting these classes of vessels.
3534:
3184:
2613:
1491:
1072:
4339:
4099:
3670:
3638:
3438:
3430:
3222:
3002:
2970:
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2805:
2725:
2318:
1515:
1411:
1040:
3104:
3018:
2717:
2651:
2440:
2294:
2286:
1659:
1371:
1200:
1152:
546:
264:
severely affected the environment of Prince
William Sound, Alaska, United States. In the wake of that spill, the state of
111:
4409:
4404:
4315:
3716:
3662:
2938:
2765:
2472:
2415:
1176:
3526:
3010:
2890:
2781:
1619:
1603:
1168:
1120:
710:
649:
596:
555:
298:
242:
35:
3502:
3374:
3214:
2565:
2549:
2403:
1555:
1507:
1395:
1272:
4394:
4347:
3542:
3454:
3230:
3080:
1144:
1128:
1104:
3960:
3088:
2946:
2680:
1934:
1096:
1064:
771:
2137:
1715:
1547:
1080:
949:
4075:
2663:
2456:
2362:
1835:
1312:
824:
444:
4424:
4249:
2922:
1926:
1563:
1112:
343:
430:
416:
3749:
3518:
2842:
2326:
1467:
1240:
872:
3802:
3294:
1136:
1048:
893:
282:
4291:
4283:
3794:
3136:
2541:
2488:
1691:
1643:
1539:
1475:
925:
274:
4083:
3976:
3928:
3686:
3318:
3112:
2882:
2464:
2424:
2342:
816:
539:
498:
3390:
3168:
3096:
2509:
2480:
1023:
957:
909:
779:
747:
4323:
3606:
3406:
3326:
2605:
2525:
2350:
2190:
1972:
1651:
324:
286:
258:
154:
4299:
3762:
2817:
2557:
2500:
2206:
2157:
2032:
1872:
1864:
1810:
1772:
1587:
1419:
1184:
1088:
482:
386:
72:
269:
state review and approval. The United States
Department of Justice led by Attorney General,
4331:
4228:
3770:
3630:
3366:
3342:
3302:
2262:
2129:
1980:
973:
763:
489:
8:
4048:
3992:
3968:
3238:
2246:
2230:
2214:
2065:
1964:
1571:
1435:
641:
532:
402:
182:
524:
277:
had long occupied the field of regulatory activity. The basis of the suit was that the
4038:
3952:
3944:
3874:
3462:
2930:
2533:
2334:
2238:
2222:
2105:
2097:
2004:
1988:
1754:
1523:
965:
845:
800:
359:
265:
59:
507:
389:
4241:
4091:
3850:
3786:
3334:
3128:
3048:
2797:
2166:
2145:
2041:
1918:
1819:
1699:
1459:
1280:
1032:
604:
338:
146:
138:
3902:
4067:
3936:
3842:
3558:
3414:
3382:
2866:
2174:
2057:
1880:
1797:
1403:
1363:
1347:
917:
857:
694:
328:
312:
278:
246:
123:
Federal commerce laws override state and local laws regarding interstate commerce.
4307:
4021:
3598:
3398:
2954:
2182:
2113:
2089:
2049:
1902:
1627:
1379:
1355:
1224:
1010:
726:
657:
333:
178:
166:
75:
273:
filed suit against Washington for adopting rules in an area of law in which the
4203:
4131:
3984:
3920:
3614:
2597:
2081:
2073:
2020:
1827:
1667:
702:
190:
158:
4368:
4123:
3858:
3471:
Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board v. College Savings Bank
3120:
2734:
College Savings Bank v. Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board
2633:
2254:
2121:
1954:
1856:
588:
99:
95:
4000:
2789:
2710:
San Francisco Arts & Athletics, Inc. v. United States Olympic Committee
1257:
Oregon Waste Systems, Inc. v. Department of Environmental Quality of Oregon
170:
516:
285:
prohibited states from enacting legislation and rules in fields where the
1764:
719:
Arizona State Legislature v. Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission
310:
This unanimous decision upheld and expanded previous case law, including
1289:
United Haulers Ass'n v. Oneida-Herkimer Solid Waste Management Authority
2692:
1387:
270:
91:
55:
3311:
Walker Process Equipment, Inc. v. Food Machinery & Chemical Corp.
2907:
Quality King Distributors Inc., v. L'anza Research International Inc.
87:
1612:
Hodel v. Virginia Surface Mining & Reclamation Association, Inc.
3263:
Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co. v. Supermarket Equipment Corp.
2013:
Consolidated Safety-Valve Co. v. Crosby Steam Gauge & Valve Co.
3822:
624:
3748:
3479:
J. E. M. Ag Supply, Inc. v. Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc.
30:
2774:
Lexmark International, Inc. v. Static Control Components, Inc.
2644:
Motion Picture Patents Co. v. Universal Film Manufacturing Co.
892:
3271:
Graver Tank & Manufacturing Co. v. Linde Air Products Co.
3623:
Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics, Inc.
3591:
Mayo Collaborative Services v. Prometheus Laboratories, Inc.
1428:
Houston East & West Texas Railway Co. v. United States
746:
554:
4420:
United States Supreme Court cases of the Rehnquist Court
3279:
Aro Manufacturing Co. v. Convertible Top Replacement Co.
2875:
Feist Publications, Inc., v. Rural Telephone Service Co.
4316:
Northeast Bancorp v. Federal Reserve Board of Governors
1708:
National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius
1057:
Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific Railway Co. v. Illinois
990:
National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius
2742:
Cooper Industries, Inc. v. Leatherman Tool Group, Inc.
1943:
General Talking Pictures Corp. v. Western Electric Co.
4227:
2995:
Fourth Estate Public Benefit Corp. v. Wall-Street.com
2835:
Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc.
1911:
Hollister v. Benedict & Burnham Manufacturing Co.
1161:
Hunt v. Washington State Apple Advertising Commission
844:
799:
3575:
Stanford University v. Roche Molecular Systems, Inc.
3161:
Fortnightly Corp. v. United Artists Television, Inc.
2702:
Inwood Laboratories, Inc. v. Ives Laboratories, Inc.
1997:
City of Elizabeth v. American Nicholson Pavement Co.
1796:
1636:
Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority
1321:
Tennessee Wine and Spirits Retailers Assn. v. Thomas
571:
3487:
Festo Corp. v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Co.
3351:
Anderson's-Black Rock, Inc. v. Pavement Salvage Co.
1009:
3207:Continental Paper Bag Co. v. Eastern Paper Bag Co.
3057:Order of St. Benedict of New Jersey v. Steinhauser
1739:
1217:South-Central Timber Development, Inc. v. Wunnicke
677:
3867:Immigration and Naturalization Service v. St. Cyr
3511:Illinois Tool Works Inc. v. Independent Ink, Inc.
3447:Warner-Jenkinson Co. v. Hilton Davis Chemical Co.
3247:Sinclair & Carroll Co. v. Interchemical Corp.
2750:TrafFix Devices, Inc. v. Marketing Displays, Inc.
1752:
1532:United States v. South-Eastern Underwriters Ass'n
4366:
4020:
3883:Department of Homeland Security v. Thuraissigiam
3725:Patent and Trademark Office v. Booking.com B. V.
3679:TC Heartland LLC v. Kraft Foods Group Brands LLC
2758:Dastar Corp. v. Twentieth Century Fox Film Corp.
2303:United Dictionary Co. v. G. & C. Merriam Co.
1305:Comptroller of the Treasury of Maryland v. Wynne
1209:White v. Mass. Council of Construction Employers
865:Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha
4375:United States Constitution Article One case law
4269:
4180:Energy Reserves Group v. Kansas P. & L. Co.
3647:Akamai Techs., Inc. v. Limelight Networks, Inc.
3423:Bonito Boats, Inc. v. Thunder Craft Boats, Inc.
2979:American Broadcasting Cos., Inc. v. Aereo, Inc.
1452:A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States
4196:Keystone Bituminous Coal Ass'n v. DeBenedictis
3655:Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. v. Sandoz, Inc.
3359:Zenith Radio Corp. v. Hazeltine Research, Inc.
3145:Miller Music Corp. v. Charles N. Daniels, Inc.
3065:International News Service v. Associated Press
2590:F. W. Woolworth Co. v. Contemporary Arts, Inc.
2582:Fred Fisher Music Co. v. M. Witmark & Sons
2449:White-Smith Music Publishing Co. v. Apollo Co.
2311:White-Smith Music Publishing Co. v. Apollo Co.
3709:G. & C. Merriam Co. v. Syndicate Pub. Co.
3551:Quanta Computer, Inc. v. LG Electronics, Inc.
3073:L. A. Westermann Co. v. Dispatch Printing Co.
2915:Feltner v. Columbia Pictures Television, Inc.
1580:Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States
540:
2673:Fashion Originators' Guild of America v. FTC
2518:DeJonge and Co. v. Breuker & Kessler Co.
2388:Fashion Originators' Guild of America v. FTC
4140:Home Building & Loan Ass'n v. Blaisdell
3177:Teleprompter Corp. v. Columbia Broadcasting
2987:Star Athletica, LLC v. Varsity Brands, Inc.
2859:Community for Creative Non-Violence v. Reid
2827:Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting Co.
2622:Williams & Wilkins Co. v. United States
1500:McGoldrick v. Berwind-White Coal Mining Co.
1265:C&A Carbone, Inc. v. Town of Clarkstown
3495:Merck KGaA v. Integra Lifesciences I, Ltd.
1444:Board of Trade of City of Chicago v. Olsen
1297:Department of Revenue of Kentucky v. Davis
547:
533:
305:
3255:Funk Bros. Seed Co. v. Kalo Inoculant Co.
3153:Pub. Affairs Associates, Inc. v. Rickover
2433:McLoughlin v. Raphael Tuck & Sons Co.
2396:United States v. Paramount Pictures, Inc.
2380:Interstate Circuit, Inc. v. United States
2372:Straus v. American Publishers Association
2279:McLoughlin v. Raphael Tuck & Sons Co.
3567:Global-Tech Appliances, Inc. v. SEB S.A.
3287:Compco Corp. v. Day-Brite Lighting, Inc.
3041:American Lithographic Co. v. Werkmeister
2963:Kirtsaeng v. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2271:Bleistein v. Donaldson Lithographing Co.
1484:NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp.
1193:Kassel v. Consolidated Freightways Corp.
934:Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.
4172:Allied Structural Steel Co. v. Spannaus
3583:Microsoft Corp. v. i4i Ltd. Partnership
2899:Lotus Dev. Corp. v. Borland Int'l, Inc.
2614:Sears, Roebuck & Co. v. Stiffel Co.
2574:Sheldon v. Metro-Goldwyn Pictures Corp.
2199:Burrow-Giles Lithographic Co. v. Sarony
1329:National Pork Producers Council v. Ross
1249:Chemical Waste Management, Inc. v. Hunt
1073:George W. Bush & Sons Co. v. Malloy
942:Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co.
292:
4385:United States Commerce Clause case law
4367:
3535:KSR International Co. v. Teleflex Inc.
3431:Eli Lilly & Co. v. Medtronic, Inc.
3185:Twentieth Century Music Corp. v. Aiken
2851:Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
1492:United States v. Carolene Products Co.
4340:Polar Tankers, Inc. v. City of Valdez
4268:
4226:
4100:Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge
4019:
3901:
3821:
3747:
3671:Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co.
3639:Alice Corp. v. CLS Bank International
3439:Markman v. Westview Instruments, Inc.
3223:United States v. General Electric Co.
3003:Rimini Street Inc. v. Oracle USA Inc.
2971:Petrella v. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Inc.
2806:Romag Fasteners, Inc. v. Fossil, Inc.
2726:Qualitex Co. v. Jacobson Products Co.
1795:
1738:
1516:United States v. Wrightwood Dairy Co.
1412:Southern Railway Co. v. United States
1041:Willson v. Black-Bird Creek Marsh Co.
1008:
891:
843:
798:
745:
676:
626:Qualifications Clauses of Sections II
623:
570:
528:
18:2000 United States Supreme Court case
4164:U.S. Trust Co. of N.Y. v. New Jersey
3105:George v. Victor Talking Machine Co.
3019:Georgia v. Public.Resource.Org, Inc.
2718:Two Pesos, Inc. v. Taco Cabana, Inc.
2652:Morton Salt Co. v. G.S. Suppiger Co.
2441:American Tobacco Co. v. Werckmeister
2295:Werckmeister v. American Tobacco Co.
2287:American Tobacco Co. v. Werckmeister
1660:Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida
1372:Cooper Manufacturing Co. v. Ferguson
1201:Sporhase v. Nebraska ex rel. Douglas
1153:Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v. Brady
4390:Legal history of Washington (state)
3717:Kellogg Co. v. National Biscuit Co.
3663:Kimble v. Marvel Entertainment, LLC
2939:MGM Studios, Inc. v. Grokster, Ltd.
2766:Moseley v. V Secret Catalogue, Inc.
2473:Caliga v. Inter Ocean Newspaper Co.
2416:International Copyright Act of 1891
1177:Exxon Corp. v. Governor of Maryland
13:
3527:MedImmune, Inc. v. Genentech, Inc.
2891:Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc.
2782:POM Wonderful LLC v. Coca-Cola Co.
1620:Commonwealth Edison Co. v. Montana
1604:National League of Cities v. Usery
1169:City of Philadelphia v. New Jersey
1121:Bibb v. Navajo Freight Lines, Inc.
711:U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton
650:U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton
597:Department of Commerce v. New York
299:Supreme Court of the United States
36:Supreme Court of the United States
14:
4436:
4380:United States Supreme Court cases
3543:Microsoft Corp. v. AT&T Corp.
3503:eBay Inc. v. MercExchange, L.L.C.
3375:United States v. Glaxo Group Ltd.
3215:Minerals Separation, Ltd. v. Hyde
2566:Washingtonian Pub. Co. v. Pearson
2550:Buck v. Jewell-LaSalle Realty Co.
2404:Broadcast Music, Inc. v. CBS Inc.
1508:United States v. Darby Lumber Co.
1396:United States v. E. C. Knight Co.
1273:West Lynn Creamery, Inc. v. Healy
467:
403:"RCW 88.46.040: Prevention plans"
4415:United States admiralty case law
4348:Texas v. New Mexico and Colorado
3455:Pfaff v. Wells Electronics, Inc.
3231:United States v. Univis Lens Co.
3081:Lumiere v. Mae Edna Wilder, Inc.
1145:Hughes v. Alexandria Scrap Corp.
1129:National Bellas Hess v. Illinois
1105:Dean Milk Co. v. City of Madison
1065:Swift & Co. v. United States
485:89 (2000) is available from:
94:1895; 68 U.S.L.W. 4184; 50 ERC (
29:
3961:Garner v. Board of Public Works
3089:Educational Films Corp. v. Ward
2947:Reed Elsevier, Inc. v. Muchnick
2319:Dun v. Lumbermen's Credit Ass'n
1548:H.P. Hood & Sons v. Du Mond
1097:Southern Pacific Co. v. Arizona
4400:2000 in United States case law
2138:Mifflin v. R. H. White Company
1081:Baldwin v. G.A.F. Seelig, Inc.
950:Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co.
451:
445:"America's Founding Documents"
437:
431:"America's Founding Documents"
423:
417:"America's Founding Documents"
409:
395:
372:
1:
4148:W.B. Worthen Co. v. Kavanaugh
4076:Dartmouth College v. Woodward
2664:Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914
2457:Globe Newspaper Co. v. Walker
2363:Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
1935:Bauer & Cie. v. O'Donnell
1836:Globe Newspaper Co. v. Walker
1313:South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc.
1233:Healy v. Beer Institute, Inc.
825:United States v. Munoz-Flores
365:
252:
54:United States, Petitioner v.
4250:Canton Railroad Co. v. Rogan
2923:New York Times Co. v. Tasini
1927:Schillinger v. United States
1564:Canton Railroad Co. v. Rogan
1113:Miller Bros. Co. v. Maryland
241:, 529 U.S. 89 (2000), was a
7:
3750:Necessary and Proper Clause
3519:LabCorp v. Metabolite, Inc.
2843:Mills Music, Inc. v. Snyder
2327:Bobbs-Merrill Co. v. Straus
1468:Panama Refining Co. v. Ryan
1241:Quill Corp. v. North Dakota
873:Clinton v. City of New York
353:
243:United States Supreme Court
10:
4441:
4410:2000 in Washington (state)
4405:1999 in Washington (state)
4156:City of El Paso v. Simmons
3803:United States v. Kebodeaux
3295:Wilbur-Ellis Co. v. Kuther
1556:Henderson v. United States
1137:Pike v. Bruce Church, Inc.
1049:Cooley v. Board of Wardens
894:Taxing and Spending Clause
517:Oyez (oral argument audio)
283:United States Constitution
4292:Virginia v. West Virginia
4278:
4264:
4236:
4222:
4059:
4036:
4032:
4015:
3915:
3904:No Bills of Attainder or
3897:
3837:
3817:
3795:United States v. Comstock
3757:
3743:
3697:
3195:
3137:Commissioner v. Wodehouse
3029:
2816:
2691:
2662:
2632:
2542:Fox Film Corp. v. Knowles
2499:
2489:Kalem Co. v. Harper Bros.
2414:
2361:
2156:
2031:
1953:
1891:
1846:
1809:
1805:
1791:
1748:
1734:
1692:United States v. Morrison
1644:New York v. United States
1540:North American Co. v. SEC
1476:Carter v. Carter Coal Co.
1339:
1022:
1018:
1004:
926:Springer v. United States
904:
887:
853:
839:
811:
794:
758:
741:
689:
672:
636:
619:
583:
566:
319:Ray v. Atlantic Richfield
275:United States Coast Guard
219:
214:
203:
198:
132:
127:
122:
117:
107:
67:
49:
42:
28:
23:
4084:Sturges v. Crowninshield
3977:Barr v. City of Columbia
3929:Sturges v. Crowninshield
3687:Peter v. NantKwest, Inc.
3319:Graham v. John Deere Co.
3113:KVOS v. Associated Press
2883:Fogerty v. Fantasy, Inc.
2681:Dowling v. United States
2465:Bong v. Campbell Art Co.
2425:Press Pub. Co. v. Monroe
2343:Bong v. Campbell Art Co.
817:Flint v. Stone Tracy Co.
772:United States v. Johnson
4395:2000 in the environment
4188:Exxon Corp. v. Eagerton
3391:Sakraida v. Ag Pro Inc.
3169:Goldstein v. California
3097:Fox Film Corp. v. Doyal
2510:Hills and Co. v. Hoover
2481:Hills and Co. v. Hoover
1716:Taylor v. United States
1024:Dormant Commerce Clause
958:United States v. Butler
910:Hylton v. United States
780:Gravel v. United States
748:Speech or Debate Clause
306:Subsequent developments
43:Argued December 7, 1999
4324:New Jersey v. New York
3779:Sabri v. United States
3607:Bowman v. Monsanto Co.
3407:Diamond v. Chakrabarty
3327:United States v. Adams
2606:De Sylva v. Ballentine
2526:Herbert v. Shanley Co.
2351:Henry v. A.B. Dick Co.
2191:Schreiber v. Sharpless
1973:Hotchkiss v. Greenwood
1684:Jones v. United States
1676:United States v. Locke
1652:United States v. Lopez
982:Sabri v. United States
475:United States v. Locke
379:United States v. Locke
325:United States Congress
287:United States Congress
238:United States v. Locke
24:United States v. Locke
4300:Virginia v. Tennessee
3763:McCulloch v. Maryland
2818:Copyright Act of 1976
2558:Douglas v. Cunningham
2501:Copyright Act of 1909
2207:Thornton v. Schreiber
2158:Copyright Act of 1870
2033:Copyright Act of 1831
1811:Copyright Act of 1790
1773:Juilliard v. Greenman
1588:Katzenbach v. McClung
1420:Hoke v. United States
1185:Reeves, Inc. v. Stake
1089:Edwards v. California
297:The case reached the
86:120 S. Ct. 1135; 146
45:Decided March 6, 2000
4332:Virginia v. Maryland
4229:Import-Export Clause
4116:Stone v. Mississippi
3771:Lambert v. Yellowley
3631:FTC v. Actavis, Inc.
3367:Gottschalk v. Benson
3343:Lear, Inc. v. Adkins
3303:Brulotte v. Thys Co.
2263:Bolles v. Outing Co.
2130:Bolles v. Outing Co.
974:South Dakota v. Dole
764:Kilbourn v. Thompson
293:Opinion of the Court
4425:Petroleum transport
4049:Hepburn v. Griswold
3993:Kansas v. Hendricks
3969:De Veau v. Braisted
3239:Altvater v. Freeman
2247:Belford v. Scribner
2231:Thompson v. Hubbard
2215:Banks v. Manchester
2066:Stevens v. Gladding
1965:Pennock v. Dialogue
1893:Patent infringement
1572:Boynton v. Virginia
1436:Hammer v. Dagenhart
642:Powell v. McCormack
447:. October 30, 2015.
433:. October 30, 2015.
419:. October 30, 2015.
207:Kennedy, joined by
183:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
155:Sandra Day O'Connor
98:) 1097; 2000 OSHD (
4284:Florida v. Georgia
4039:Legal Tender Cases
3953:Samuels v. McCurdy
3945:Hawker v. New York
3875:Boumediene v. Bush
3463:Dickinson v. Zurko
2931:Eldred v. Ashcroft
2534:Manners v. Morosco
2335:Scribner v. Straus
2239:Higgins v. Keuffel
2223:Callaghan v. Myers
2106:Higgins v. Keuffel
2098:Callaghan v. Myers
2005:Egbert v. Lippmann
1989:Cochrane v. Deener
1848:Patent Act of 1793
1755:Legal Tender Cases
1524:Wickard v. Filburn
966:Helvering v. Davis
846:Presentment Clause
801:Origination Clause
573:Enumeration Clause
556:U.S. Supreme Court
360:Federal preemption
221:U.S. Const. art. I
143:Associate Justices
4362:
4361:
4358:
4357:
4260:
4259:
4242:Brown v. Maryland
4218:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4108:Bronson v. Kinzie
4092:Ogden v. Saunders
4011:
4010:
3893:
3892:
3851:Ex parte Merryman
3827:Suspension Clause
3813:
3812:
3787:Gonzales v. Raich
3739:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3335:Brenner v. Manson
3129:Buck v. Gallagher
3049:Ferris v. Frohman
2798:Iancu v. Brunetti
2167:Perris v. Hexamer
2146:Mifflin v. Dutton
2042:Wheaton v. Peters
1981:O'Reilly v. Morse
1919:Rowell v. Lindsay
1820:Wheaton v. Peters
1787:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1700:Gonzales v. Raich
1596:Maryland v. Wirtz
1460:Gold Clause Cases
1281:Granholm v. Heald
1033:Brown v. Maryland
1000:
999:
883:
882:
835:
834:
790:
789:
737:
736:
668:
667:
615:
614:
605:Trump v. New York
460:, 529 U.S. at 94.
339:enumerated powers
234:
233:
139:William Rehnquist
4432:
4266:
4265:
4224:
4223:
4068:Fletcher v. Peck
4034:
4033:
4017:
4016:
3937:Ex parte Garland
3899:
3898:
3843:Ex parte Bollman
3819:
3818:
3745:
3744:
3559:Bilski v. Kappos
3415:Diamond v. Diehr
3383:Dann v. Johnston
2867:Stewart v. Abend
2175:Trade-Mark Cases
2058:Stephens v. Cady
1881:Evans v. Hettich
1807:
1806:
1798:Copyright Clause
1793:
1792:
1750:
1749:
1736:
1735:
1404:Champion v. Ames
1364:Paul v. Virginia
1348:Gibbons v. Ogden
1020:
1019:
1006:
1005:
918:Collector v. Day
889:
888:
858:Pocket Veto Case
841:
840:
796:
795:
743:
742:
695:Ex parte Siebold
679:Elections Clause
674:
673:
621:
620:
568:
567:
549:
542:
535:
526:
525:
521:
515:
512:
506:
503:
497:
494:
488:
461:
455:
449:
448:
441:
435:
434:
427:
421:
420:
413:
407:
406:
399:
393:
376:
329:Supremacy Clause
313:Gibbons v. Ogden
279:Supremacy Clause
247:Supremacy Clause
128:Court membership
33:
32:
21:
20:
4440:
4439:
4435:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4429:
4365:
4364:
4363:
4354:
4308:Wharton v. Wise
4274:
4256:
4232:
4210:
4055:
4028:
4022:Contract Clause
4007:
3911:
3889:
3833:
3809:
3753:
3752:of Section VIII
3731:
3700:trademark cases
3693:
3599:Kappos v. Hyatt
3399:Parker v. Flook
3191:
3032:copyright cases
3025:
3011:Allen v. Cooper
2955:Golan v. Holder
2812:
2687:
2658:
2628:
2495:
2410:
2357:
2183:Merrell v. Tice
2152:
2114:Holmes v. Hurst
2090:Baker v. Selden
2050:Backus v. Gould
2027:
1949:
1903:Evans v. Jordan
1887:
1842:
1801:
1800:of Section VIII
1779:
1744:
1743:of Section VIII
1722:
1628:EEOC v. Wyoming
1380:Kidd v. Pearson
1356:Passenger Cases
1335:
1225:Maine v. Taylor
1014:
1013:of Section VIII
1011:Commerce Clause
996:
900:
879:
849:
831:
807:
786:
754:
733:
727:Moore v. Harper
685:
664:
658:Cook v. Gralike
632:
611:
579:
562:
553:
519:
513:
510:
504:
501:
495:
492:
486:
470:
465:
464:
456:
452:
443:
442:
438:
429:
428:
424:
415:
414:
410:
401:
400:
396:
377:
373:
368:
356:
334:Commerce Clause
308:
295:
255:
181:
179:Clarence Thomas
169:
167:Anthony Kennedy
157:
147:John P. Stevens
103:
44:
38:
19:
12:
11:
5:
4438:
4428:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4360:
4359:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4352:
4344:
4336:
4328:
4320:
4312:
4304:
4296:
4288:
4279:
4276:
4275:
4271:Compact Clause
4262:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4246:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4208:
4204:Sveen v. Melin
4200:
4192:
4184:
4176:
4168:
4160:
4152:
4144:
4136:
4132:Block v. Hirsh
4128:
4120:
4112:
4104:
4096:
4088:
4080:
4072:
4063:
4061:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4053:
4044:
4042:
4030:
4029:
4013:
4012:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4005:
3997:
3989:
3985:Teague v. Lane
3981:
3973:
3965:
3957:
3949:
3941:
3933:
3925:
3921:Calder v. Bull
3916:
3913:
3912:
3895:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3887:
3879:
3871:
3863:
3855:
3847:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3815:
3814:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3807:
3799:
3791:
3783:
3775:
3767:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3741:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3729:
3721:
3713:
3704:
3702:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3683:
3675:
3667:
3659:
3651:
3643:
3635:
3627:
3619:
3615:Gunn v. Minton
3611:
3603:
3595:
3587:
3579:
3571:
3563:
3555:
3547:
3539:
3531:
3523:
3515:
3507:
3499:
3491:
3483:
3475:
3467:
3459:
3451:
3443:
3435:
3427:
3419:
3411:
3403:
3395:
3387:
3379:
3371:
3363:
3355:
3347:
3339:
3331:
3323:
3315:
3307:
3299:
3291:
3283:
3275:
3267:
3259:
3251:
3243:
3235:
3227:
3219:
3211:
3202:
3200:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3181:
3173:
3165:
3157:
3149:
3141:
3133:
3125:
3117:
3109:
3101:
3093:
3085:
3077:
3069:
3061:
3053:
3045:
3036:
3034:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3015:
3007:
2999:
2991:
2983:
2975:
2967:
2959:
2951:
2943:
2935:
2927:
2919:
2911:
2903:
2895:
2887:
2879:
2871:
2863:
2855:
2847:
2839:
2831:
2822:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2810:
2802:
2794:
2786:
2778:
2770:
2762:
2754:
2746:
2738:
2730:
2722:
2714:
2706:
2697:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2677:
2668:
2666:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2648:
2639:
2637:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2618:
2610:
2602:
2598:Mazer v. Stein
2594:
2586:
2578:
2570:
2562:
2554:
2546:
2538:
2530:
2522:
2514:
2505:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2485:
2477:
2469:
2461:
2453:
2445:
2437:
2429:
2420:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2400:
2392:
2384:
2376:
2367:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2347:
2339:
2331:
2323:
2315:
2307:
2299:
2291:
2283:
2275:
2267:
2259:
2251:
2243:
2235:
2227:
2219:
2211:
2203:
2195:
2187:
2179:
2171:
2162:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2142:
2134:
2126:
2118:
2110:
2102:
2094:
2086:
2082:Paige v. Banks
2078:
2074:Little v. Hall
2070:
2062:
2054:
2046:
2037:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2021:Voss v. Fisher
2017:
2009:
2001:
1993:
1985:
1977:
1969:
1960:
1958:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1939:
1931:
1923:
1915:
1907:
1898:
1896:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1877:
1873:Evans v. Eaton
1869:
1865:Evans v. Eaton
1861:
1852:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1840:
1832:
1828:Paige v. Banks
1824:
1815:
1813:
1803:
1802:
1789:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1769:
1760:
1758:
1746:
1745:
1741:Coinage Clause
1732:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1712:
1704:
1696:
1688:
1680:
1672:
1668:Reno v. Condon
1664:
1656:
1648:
1640:
1632:
1624:
1616:
1608:
1600:
1592:
1584:
1576:
1568:
1560:
1552:
1544:
1536:
1528:
1520:
1512:
1504:
1496:
1488:
1480:
1472:
1464:
1456:
1448:
1440:
1432:
1424:
1416:
1408:
1400:
1392:
1384:
1376:
1368:
1360:
1352:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1317:
1309:
1301:
1293:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1253:
1245:
1237:
1229:
1221:
1213:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1181:
1173:
1165:
1157:
1149:
1141:
1133:
1125:
1117:
1109:
1101:
1093:
1085:
1077:
1069:
1061:
1053:
1045:
1037:
1028:
1026:
1016:
1015:
1002:
1001:
998:
997:
995:
994:
986:
978:
970:
962:
954:
946:
938:
930:
922:
914:
905:
902:
901:
885:
884:
881:
880:
878:
877:
869:
861:
854:
851:
850:
848:of Section VII
837:
836:
833:
832:
830:
829:
821:
812:
809:
808:
792:
791:
788:
787:
785:
784:
776:
768:
759:
756:
755:
739:
738:
735:
734:
732:
731:
723:
715:
707:
703:Smiley v. Holm
699:
690:
687:
686:
670:
669:
666:
665:
663:
662:
654:
646:
637:
634:
633:
617:
616:
613:
612:
610:
609:
601:
593:
584:
581:
580:
564:
563:
552:
551:
544:
537:
529:
523:
522:
499:Google Scholar
469:
468:External links
466:
463:
462:
450:
436:
422:
408:
394:
370:
369:
367:
364:
363:
362:
355:
352:
344:Bill of Rights
307:
304:
294:
291:
254:
251:
232:
231:
217:
216:
212:
211:
205:
201:
200:
196:
195:
194:
193:
191:Stephen Breyer
159:Antonin Scalia
144:
141:
136:
130:
129:
125:
124:
120:
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
85:
69:
65:
64:
58:, Governor of
51:
50:Full case name
47:
46:
40:
39:
34:
26:
25:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4437:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4350:
4349:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4337:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4305:
4302:
4301:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4289:
4286:
4285:
4281:
4280:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4263:
4252:
4251:
4247:
4244:
4243:
4239:
4238:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4221:
4206:
4205:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4185:
4182:
4181:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4169:
4166:
4165:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4153:
4150:
4149:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4137:
4134:
4133:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4124:Smyth v. Ames
4121:
4118:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4086:
4085:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4073:
4070:
4069:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4058:
4051:
4050:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4040:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4018:
4014:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3958:
3955:
3954:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3918:
3917:
3914:
3910:of Section IX
3909:
3907:
3906:Ex post facto
3900:
3896:
3885:
3884:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3859:Ex parte Endo
3856:
3853:
3852:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3839:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3826:
3825:Habeas corpus
3820:
3816:
3805:
3804:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3768:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3759:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3742:
3727:
3726:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3701:
3696:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3628:
3625:
3624:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3481:
3480:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3452:
3449:
3448:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3199:
3194:
3187:
3186:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3134:
3131:
3130:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3121:Gibbs v. Buck
3118:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3086:
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3078:
3075:
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3070:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3059:
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3046:
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3033:
3028:
3021:
3020:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2973:
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2968:
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2928:
2925:
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2896:
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2869:
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2864:
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2837:
2836:
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2829:
2828:
2824:
2823:
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2815:
2808:
2807:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2755:
2752:
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2747:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2690:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2654:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2634:Patent misuse
2631:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2587:
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2583:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2563:
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2559:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2491:
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2486:
2483:
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2478:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2459:
2458:
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2451:
2450:
2446:
2443:
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2438:
2435:
2434:
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2422:
2421:
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2413:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2389:
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2382:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2360:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2255:Brady v. Daly
2252:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2148:
2147:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2122:Brady v. Daly
2119:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:Patentability
1952:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1890:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1857:Tyler v. Tuel
1854:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1845:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1817:
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1808:
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1775:
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1762:
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1756:
1751:
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1733:
1718:
1717:
1713:
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1701:
1697:
1694:
1693:
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1670:
1669:
1665:
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1630:
1629:
1625:
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1617:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1589:
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1581:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1561:
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1553:
1550:
1549:
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1542:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1494:
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1489:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1366:
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1353:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1338:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1298:
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1290:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1003:
992:
991:
987:
984:
983:
979:
976:
975:
971:
968:
967:
963:
960:
959:
955:
952:
951:
947:
944:
943:
939:
936:
935:
931:
928:
927:
923:
920:
919:
915:
912:
911:
907:
906:
903:
899:
895:
890:
886:
875:
874:
870:
867:
866:
862:
859:
856:
855:
852:
847:
842:
838:
827:
826:
822:
819:
818:
814:
813:
810:
806:
802:
797:
793:
782:
781:
777:
774:
773:
769:
766:
765:
761:
760:
757:
753:
749:
744:
740:
729:
728:
724:
721:
720:
716:
713:
712:
708:
705:
704:
700:
697:
696:
692:
691:
688:
684:
680:
675:
671:
660:
659:
655:
652:
651:
647:
644:
643:
639:
638:
635:
631:
627:
622:
618:
607:
606:
602:
599:
598:
594:
591:
590:
589:Utah v. Evans
586:
585:
582:
578:
574:
569:
565:
560:
557:
550:
545:
543:
538:
536:
531:
530:
527:
518:
509:
500:
491:
484:
480:
476:
472:
471:
459:
454:
446:
440:
432:
426:
418:
412:
404:
398:
391:
388:
384:
380:
375:
371:
361:
358:
357:
351:
347:
345:
340:
335:
330:
326:
321:
320:
315:
314:
303:
302:regulations.
300:
290:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
267:
263:
261:
250:
248:
244:
240:
239:
230:
226:
222:
218:
213:
210:
206:
202:
197:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:Chief Justice
134:
133:
131:
126:
121:
116:
113:
112:Oral argument
110:
106:
101:
97:
93:
89:
83:
82:
77:
74:
70:
66:
63:
61:
57:
52:
48:
41:
37:
27:
22:
16:
4346:
4338:
4330:
4322:
4314:
4306:
4298:
4290:
4282:
4273:of Section X
4248:
4240:
4231:of Section X
4202:
4194:
4186:
4178:
4170:
4162:
4154:
4146:
4138:
4130:
4122:
4114:
4106:
4098:
4090:
4082:
4074:
4066:
4047:
4037:
4001:Smith v. Doe
3999:
3991:
3983:
3975:
3967:
3959:
3951:
3943:
3935:
3927:
3919:
3905:
3881:
3873:
3865:
3857:
3849:
3841:
3824:
3801:
3793:
3785:
3777:
3769:
3761:
3723:
3715:
3707:
3685:
3677:
3669:
3661:
3653:
3645:
3637:
3629:
3621:
3613:
3605:
3597:
3589:
3581:
3573:
3565:
3557:
3549:
3541:
3533:
3525:
3517:
3509:
3501:
3493:
3485:
3477:
3469:
3461:
3453:
3445:
3437:
3429:
3421:
3413:
3405:
3397:
3389:
3381:
3373:
3365:
3357:
3349:
3341:
3333:
3325:
3317:
3309:
3301:
3293:
3285:
3277:
3269:
3261:
3253:
3245:
3237:
3229:
3221:
3213:
3205:
3198:patent cases
3183:
3175:
3167:
3159:
3151:
3143:
3135:
3127:
3119:
3111:
3103:
3095:
3087:
3079:
3071:
3063:
3055:
3047:
3039:
3017:
3009:
3001:
2993:
2985:
2977:
2969:
2961:
2953:
2945:
2937:
2929:
2921:
2913:
2905:
2897:
2889:
2881:
2873:
2865:
2857:
2849:
2841:
2833:
2825:
2804:
2796:
2790:Matal v. Tam
2788:
2780:
2772:
2764:
2756:
2748:
2740:
2732:
2724:
2716:
2708:
2700:
2679:
2671:
2650:
2642:
2620:
2612:
2604:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2564:
2556:
2548:
2540:
2532:
2524:
2516:
2508:
2487:
2479:
2471:
2463:
2455:
2447:
2439:
2431:
2423:
2402:
2394:
2386:
2378:
2370:
2349:
2341:
2333:
2325:
2317:
2309:
2301:
2293:
2285:
2277:
2269:
2261:
2253:
2245:
2237:
2229:
2221:
2213:
2205:
2197:
2189:
2181:
2173:
2165:
2144:
2136:
2128:
2120:
2112:
2104:
2096:
2088:
2080:
2072:
2064:
2056:
2048:
2040:
2019:
2011:
2003:
1995:
1987:
1979:
1971:
1963:
1941:
1933:
1925:
1917:
1909:
1901:
1879:
1871:
1863:
1855:
1834:
1826:
1818:
1771:
1763:
1753:
1714:
1706:
1698:
1690:
1682:
1675:
1674:
1666:
1658:
1650:
1642:
1634:
1626:
1618:
1610:
1602:
1594:
1586:
1578:
1570:
1562:
1554:
1546:
1538:
1530:
1522:
1514:
1506:
1498:
1490:
1482:
1474:
1466:
1458:
1450:
1442:
1434:
1426:
1418:
1410:
1402:
1394:
1386:
1378:
1370:
1362:
1354:
1346:
1327:
1319:
1311:
1303:
1295:
1287:
1279:
1271:
1263:
1255:
1247:
1239:
1231:
1223:
1215:
1207:
1199:
1191:
1183:
1175:
1167:
1159:
1151:
1143:
1135:
1127:
1119:
1111:
1103:
1095:
1087:
1079:
1071:
1063:
1055:
1047:
1039:
1031:
988:
980:
972:
964:
956:
948:
940:
932:
924:
916:
908:
898:Section VIII
871:
863:
823:
815:
778:
770:
762:
725:
717:
709:
701:
693:
656:
648:
640:
603:
595:
587:
474:
457:
453:
439:
425:
411:
397:
392: (2000).
378:
374:
348:
317:
311:
309:
296:
260:Exxon Valdez
259:
256:
237:
236:
235:
215:Laws applied
208:
199:Case opinion
186:
174:
171:David Souter
162:
150:
79:
53:
15:
3908:Laws Clause
1765:Knox v. Lee
805:Section VII
4369:Categories
3831:Section IX
2693:Lanham Act
1388:In re Debs
752:Section VI
683:Section IV
577:Section II
366:References
271:Janet Reno
266:Washington
253:Background
92:U.S. LEXIS
60:Washington
56:Gary Locke
4026:Section X
559:Article I
262:oil spill
257:The 1989
209:unanimous
90:69; 2000
88:L. Ed. 2d
68:Citations
2636:case law
1957:case law
1895:case law
561:case law
473:Text of
354:See also
204:Majority
108:Argument
490:Findlaw
327:. The
281:of the
118:Holding
4351:(2018)
4343:(2009)
4335:(2003)
4327:(1998)
4319:(1985)
4311:(1894)
4303:(1893)
4295:(1871)
4287:(1855)
4253:(1951)
4245:(1827)
4207:(2018)
4199:(1987)
4191:(1983)
4183:(1983)
4175:(1978)
4167:(1977)
4159:(1965)
4151:(1935)
4143:(1934)
4135:(1921)
4127:(1898)
4119:(1880)
4111:(1843)
4103:(1837)
4095:(1827)
4087:(1819)
4079:(1819)
4071:(1810)
4060:Others
4052:(1870)
4004:(2003)
3996:(1997)
3988:(1989)
3980:(1964)
3972:(1960)
3964:(1951)
3956:(1925)
3948:(1898)
3940:(1866)
3932:(1819)
3924:(1798)
3886:(2020)
3878:(2008)
3870:(2001)
3862:(1944)
3854:(1861)
3846:(1807)
3806:(2013)
3798:(2010)
3790:(2005)
3782:(2004)
3774:(1926)
3766:(1819)
3728:(2020)
3720:(1938)
3712:(1915)
3698:Other
3690:(2019)
3682:(2017)
3674:(2016)
3666:(2015)
3658:(2015)
3650:(2014)
3642:(2014)
3634:(2013)
3626:(2013)
3618:(2013)
3610:(2013)
3602:(2012)
3594:(2012)
3586:(2011)
3578:(2011)
3570:(2011)
3562:(2010)
3554:(2008)
3546:(2007)
3538:(2007)
3530:(2007)
3522:(2006)
3514:(2006)
3506:(2006)
3498:(2005)
3490:(2002)
3482:(2001)
3474:(1999)
3466:(1999)
3458:(1998)
3450:(1997)
3442:(1996)
3434:(1990)
3426:(1989)
3418:(1981)
3410:(1980)
3402:(1978)
3394:(1976)
3386:(1976)
3378:(1973)
3370:(1972)
3362:(1971)
3354:(1969)
3346:(1969)
3338:(1966)
3330:(1966)
3322:(1966)
3314:(1965)
3306:(1964)
3298:(1964)
3290:(1964)
3282:(1961)
3274:(1950)
3266:(1950)
3258:(1948)
3250:(1945)
3242:(1943)
3234:(1942)
3226:(1926)
3218:(1916)
3210:(1908)
3196:Other
3188:(1975)
3180:(1974)
3172:(1973)
3164:(1968)
3156:(1962)
3148:(1960)
3140:(1949)
3132:(1939)
3124:(1939)
3116:(1936)
3108:(1934)
3100:(1932)
3092:(1931)
3084:(1923)
3076:(1919)
3068:(1918)
3060:(1914)
3052:(1912)
3044:(1911)
3030:Other
3022:(2020)
3014:(2020)
3006:(2019)
2998:(2019)
2990:(2017)
2982:(2014)
2974:(2014)
2966:(2013)
2958:(2012)
2950:(2010)
2942:(2005)
2934:(2003)
2926:(2001)
2918:(1998)
2910:(1998)
2902:(1996)
2894:(1994)
2886:(1994)
2878:(1991)
2870:(1990)
2862:(1989)
2854:(1985)
2846:(1985)
2838:(1984)
2830:(1977)
2809:(2020)
2801:(2019)
2793:(2017)
2785:(2014)
2777:(2014)
2769:(2003)
2761:(2003)
2753:(2001)
2745:(2001)
2737:(1999)
2729:(1995)
2721:(1992)
2713:(1987)
2705:(1982)
2684:(1985)
2676:(1941)
2655:(1942)
2647:(1917)
2625:(1973)
2617:(1964)
2609:(1956)
2601:(1954)
2593:(1952)
2585:(1943)
2577:(1940)
2569:(1939)
2561:(1935)
2553:(1931)
2545:(1923)
2537:(1920)
2529:(1917)
2521:(1914)
2513:(1911)
2492:(1911)
2484:(1911)
2476:(1909)
2468:(1909)
2460:(1908)
2452:(1908)
2444:(1907)
2436:(1903)
2428:(1896)
2407:(1979)
2399:(1948)
2391:(1941)
2383:(1939)
2375:(1913)
2354:(1912)
2346:(1909)
2338:(1908)
2330:(1908)
2322:(1908)
2314:(1908)
2306:(1907)
2298:(1907)
2290:(1907)
2282:(1903)
2274:(1903)
2266:(1899)
2258:(1899)
2250:(1892)
2242:(1891)
2234:(1889)
2226:(1888)
2218:(1888)
2210:(1888)
2202:(1884)
2194:(1884)
2186:(1881)
2178:(1879)
2170:(1879)
2149:(1903)
2141:(1903)
2133:(1899)
2125:(1899)
2117:(1899)
2109:(1891)
2101:(1888)
2093:(1879)
2085:(1872)
2077:(1856)
2069:(1854)
2061:(1853)
2053:(1849)
2045:(1834)
2024:(1885)
2016:(1885)
2008:(1881)
2000:(1878)
1992:(1876)
1984:(1853)
1976:(1851)
1968:(1829)
1946:(1938)
1938:(1913)
1930:(1894)
1922:(1885)
1914:(1885)
1906:(1815)
1884:(1822)
1876:(1822)
1868:(1818)
1860:(1810)
1839:(1908)
1831:(1872)
1823:(1834)
1776:(1884)
1768:(1871)
1719:(2016)
1711:(2012)
1703:(2005)
1695:(2000)
1687:(2000)
1679:(2000)
1671:(2000)
1663:(1996)
1655:(1995)
1647:(1992)
1639:(1985)
1631:(1983)
1623:(1981)
1615:(1981)
1607:(1976)
1599:(1968)
1591:(1964)
1583:(1964)
1575:(1960)
1567:(1951)
1559:(1950)
1551:(1949)
1543:(1946)
1535:(1944)
1527:(1942)
1519:(1942)
1511:(1941)
1503:(1940)
1495:(1938)
1487:(1937)
1479:(1936)
1471:(1935)
1463:(1935)
1455:(1935)
1447:(1923)
1439:(1918)
1431:(1914)
1423:(1913)
1415:(1911)
1407:(1903)
1399:(1895)
1391:(1895)
1383:(1888)
1375:(1885)
1367:(1869)
1359:(1849)
1351:(1824)
1340:Others
1332:(2023)
1324:(2019)
1316:(2018)
1308:(2015)
1300:(2008)
1292:(2007)
1284:(2005)
1276:(1994)
1268:(1994)
1260:(1994)
1252:(1992)
1244:(1992)
1236:(1989)
1228:(1986)
1220:(1984)
1212:(1983)
1204:(1982)
1196:(1981)
1188:(1980)
1180:(1978)
1172:(1978)
1164:(1977)
1156:(1977)
1148:(1976)
1140:(1970)
1132:(1967)
1124:(1959)
1116:(1954)
1108:(1951)
1100:(1945)
1092:(1941)
1084:(1935)
1076:(1925)
1068:(1905)
1060:(1886)
1052:(1852)
1044:(1829)
1036:(1827)
993:(2012)
985:(2004)
977:(1987)
969:(1937)
961:(1936)
953:(1922)
945:(1916)
937:(1895)
929:(1881)
921:(1871)
913:(1796)
876:(1998)
868:(1983)
860:(1929)
828:(1990)
820:(1911)
783:(1972)
775:(1966)
767:(1881)
730:(2023)
722:(2015)
714:(1995)
706:(1932)
698:(1879)
661:(2001)
653:(1995)
645:(1969)
608:(2020)
600:(2019)
592:(2002)
520:
514:
511:
508:Justia
505:
502:
496:
493:
487:
381:,
189:
187:·
185:
177:
175:·
173:
165:
163:·
161:
153:
151:·
149:
481:
458:Locke
385:
229:cl. 3
628:and
483:U.S.
387:U.S.
316:and
81:more
73:U.S.
71:529
4024:of
3829:of
896:of
803:of
750:of
681:of
630:III
575:of
479:529
383:529
225:§ 8
100:CCH
96:BNA
4371::
477:,
390:89
227:,
223:,
76:89
548:e
541:t
534:v
405:.
84:)
78:(
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