Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

3866: 1038: 280: 7777: 49: 4031: 63: 1588: 3901:), a speaker notorious for his successful attempt to force the Democrats to vote on measures where the Republicans had clear majorities, which ensured that Cleveland's Democrats were in no position to challenge the Republicans in the House. Joseph Cannon was particularly unique in that he led the conservative "Old Guard" wing of the Republican Party, while his president—Theodore Roosevelt—was of the more progressive clique, and more than just marginalizing the Democrats, Cannon used his power to punish the dissidents in his party and obstruct the progressive wing of the Republican Party. 1679: 1422:(1903–1911). Cannon exercised extraordinary control over the legislative process. He determined the agenda of the House, appointed the members of all committees, chose committee chairmen, headed the Rules Committee, and determined which committee heard each bill. He vigorously used his powers to ensure that Republican proposals were passed by the House. In 1910, however, Democrats and several dissatisfied Republicans joined to strip Cannon of many of his powers, including the ability to name committee members and his chairmanship of the Rules Committee. Fifteen years later, Speaker 1746: 921:. The Ineligibility Clause provides that "No ... Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States... and no Person holding any Office under the United States, shall be a Member of House during his Continuance in Office." Along with political scientist Matthew J. Franck, Schaub, Ellis, and Dubinsky argue that permitting a Senator or an executive or judicial officer of the federal government to serve as a non-member Speaker would cause a significant breach of the 3957: 1349: 1751: 1517: 4194: 2895: 637: 4180: 2907: 7852: 1256: 2991:". By the time Congress actually met in December 1855, most of the northerners were concentrated together as Republicans, while most of the southerners and a few northerners used the American or Know Nothing label. Opponents of the Democrats held a majority in House, with the party makeup of the 234 representatives being 83 Democrats, 108 Republicans, and 43 Know Nothings (primarily southern oppositionists). The Democratic minority nominated 1159: 7863: 1267: 1430: 3804:. The speaker chairs the majority party's House steering committee, which selects the majority members of each House standing committee, including the Rules committee (although it's worth to note their appointment to the said committees must be ratified by a resolution of the full House). While the speaker is the functioning head of the House majority party, the same is not true of the president 1463:. The Committee on Rules ceased to be a semi-independent panel, as it had been since 1910. Instead, it once again became an arm of the party leadership. Moreover, in 1975, the speaker was granted the authority to appoint a majority of the members of the Rules Committee. Meanwhile, the power of committee chairmen was curtailed, further increasing the relative influence of the speaker. 1408: 4007:, the speaker designates a member to preside over the committee, who is addressed as "Mister Chairman" or "Madam Chairwoman". To speak, members must seek the presiding officer's recognition. The presiding officer also rules on all points of order but such rulings may be appealed to the whole House. The speaker is responsible for maintaining decorum in the House and may order the 1399:". By refusing to vote on a motion, the minority could ensure that a quorum would not be achieved and that the result would be invalid. Reed, however, declared that members who were in the chamber but refused to vote would still count for the purposes of determining a quorum. Through these and other rulings, Reed ensured that the Democrats could not block the Republican agenda. 769:, or when a speaker dies, resigns, or is removed from the position during a congressional term. At the start of a new Congress, those voting to elect the speaker are representatives-elect, as a speaker must be selected before members are sworn in to office; the House of Representatives cannot organize or take other legislative actions until a speaker is elected. 715:, and the institution's administrative head. Speakers also perform various other administrative and procedural functions. Given these several roles and responsibilities, the speaker usually does not personally preside over debates—that duty is instead delegated to members of the House from the majority party—nor regularly participate in floor debates. 5308:, chap. 34 (Office of the Speaker): "If the Speaker appoints a Speaker pro tempore only for purposes of signing enrolled bills and joint resolutions, such an appointment may extend for a 'specified period of time' with the approval of the House. Rule I clause 8. The Speaker may appoint two alternate Members to sign enrolled bills. Manual Sec. 634." 3092:, who was then minority leader, was selected as speaker-designate by House Democrats. When the 110th Congress convened on January 4, 2007, she was elected as the 52nd speaker by a vote of 233–202, becoming the first woman elected speaker of the House. Pelosi was reelected speaker in the 111th Congress, and again in the 116th and 117th Congresses. 5385: 1496:, in which Clinton was largely seen to have prevailed. Gingrich's hold on the leadership was weakened significantly by that and several other controversies, and he faced a caucus revolt in 1997. After the Republicans lost House seats in 1998 (although retaining a majority) he did not stand for a third term as speaker. His successor, 1444:. Rayburn had the most cumulative time as speaker in history, holding office from 1940 to 1947, 1949 to 1953, and 1955 to 1961. He helped shape many bills, working quietly in the background with House committees. He also helped ensure the passage of several domestic measures and foreign assistance programs advocated by Presidents 3819:. Nevertheless, when the speaker and the president belong to the same party, there are also times that the speaker plays a much larger role, and the speaker is tasked, e.g., with pushing through the agenda of the majority party, often at the expense of the minority opposition. This can be seen, most of all, in the speakership of 4022:

speaker was generally barred from voting, but today the speaker has the same right as other members to vote but only occasionally exercises it. The speaker may vote on any matter that comes before the House, and they are required to vote where their vote would be decisive or where the House is engaged in voting by ballot.

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approached, several sectional factions nominated their own candidates, often making it difficult for any candidate to attain a majority. In 1855 and again in 1859, for example, the contest for speaker lasted for two months before the House achieved a result. Speakers tended to have very short tenures

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selects a candidate for the speakership from among its senior leaders prior to the roll call. To be elected speaker, a candidate must receive a majority of votes from the members present and voting. If no candidate wins a majority, the roll call is repeated until a speaker is elected. Representatives

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and the other Democrat, had been certified as elected by different branches of the New Jersey government. The problem was compounded by the fact that the result of the dispute would determine whether the Whigs or the Democrats held the majority. Neither party agreed to permit a speakership election

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The Republicans came out of the 2000 elections with a further reduced majority but made small gains in 2002 and 2004. The periods of 2001–2002 and 2003–2007 were the first times since 1953–1955 that there was single-party Republican leadership in Washington, interrupted from 2001 to 2003 as Senator

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this list "as soon as practicable after" the election "and whenever appropriate thereafter." The names are only revealed in the event of a vacancy (e.g., by the speaker's death, resignation, incapacitation, or removal from office). This "succession list" procedure was created in 2003, following the

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is designated in the event the office of the speaker is declared vacant. Under the current Rules of the House, at the start of their term, the speaker is required to create a secret ordered list of members to temporarily serve as speaker of the House if the speakership became vacant and to provide

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is ordinarily a senior member of the majority party who may be chosen for his or her skill in presiding. At other times, more junior members may be assigned to preside to give them experience with the rules and procedures of the House. The speaker may also designate, with approval of the House, a

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As a member of the House, the speaker is entitled to participate in debate and to vote. Ordinarily, the speaker votes only when the speaker's vote would be decisive or on matters of great importance, such as constitutional amendments or major legislation. Under the early rules of the House, the

1474:. O'Neill is the longest continuously serving speaker, from 1977 through 1987. He challenged Reagan on domestic programs and on defense expenditures. Republicans made O'Neill the target of their election campaigns in 1980 and 1982 but Democrats managed to retain their majorities in both years. 5349: 1571:

Congresses. On both of those occasions his remaining in office was threatened by the defection of several members from his own party who chose not to vote for him. Boehner's tenure as speaker, which ended when he resigned from Congress in October 2015, was marked by multiple battles with the

3996:, the speaker, "as soon as practicable after the election of the speaker and whenever appropriate thereafter", must deliver to the clerk of the House a list of members who are designated to act as speaker in the case of a vacancy or physical inability of the speaker to perform their duties. 1633:

members voting against McCarthy, which when combined with votes of Democrats, resulted in the ouster of McCarthy. This was the first time in the history of the House of Representatives in which the Speaker of the House was successfully removed. Following a multi-day four-ballot election,

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When Republican leader John Boehner succeeded Pelosi as speaker in 2011, Pelosi remained the leader of the Democratic Party in the House of Representatives and served as House minority leader for eight years before she led her party to victory in the 2018 elections. Following the

3893:), the speaker is normally the chief public opponent of the president's agenda. In this scenario, the speaker is known for undercutting the president's agenda by blocking measures by the minority party or rejecting bills by the Senate. One famous instance came in the form of 3971:

As presiding officer of the House of Representatives, the speaker holds a variety of powers over the House and is ceremonially the highest-ranking legislative official in the U.S. government. The speaker may delegate their powers to a member of the House to act as speaker

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but due to a division among the Republicans, no one received a majority of the votes on the first ballot, necessitating an additional round of balloting for the first time since 1923. McCarthy ultimately prevailed when the remaining six anti-McCarthy holdouts voted

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The Constitution does not spell out the political role of the speaker. As the office has developed historically, however, it has taken on a clearly partisan cast, very different from the speakership of most Westminster-style legislatures, such as the

9840: 8372: 3793:, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives, outranking the majority leader. However, despite having the right to vote, the speaker usually does not participate in debate and only votes on the most significant bills. 1364:, which, after the reorganization of the committee system in 1880, became one of the most powerful standing committees of the House. Furthermore, several speakers became leading figures in their political parties; examples include Democrats 8382: 1500:, had been chosen as a compromise candidate since the other Republicans in the leadership were more controversial. Hastert played a much less prominent role than other contemporary speakers, being overshadowed by House Majority Leader 3018:, was unacceptable to southern oppositionists due to his anti-slavery views, and once again the House was unable to elect a speaker. After Democrats allied with southern oppositionists to nearly elect the North Carolina oppositionist 4046:

In addition to being the political and parliamentary leader of the House of Representatives and representing their congressional district, the speaker also performs various other administrative and procedural functions, such as:

3056:(then minority leader) as speaker. After the 1998 midterm elections where the Republicans lost seats, Gingrich did not stand for re-election. The next two figures in the House Republican leadership hierarchy, Majority Leader 1312:(1811–1814, 1815–1820, and 1823–1825). In contrast to many of his predecessors, Clay participated in several debates and used his influence to procure the passage of measures he supported—for instance, the declaration of the 8367: 3657: 3080:

during his sexual harassment trial, that he had engaged in an extramarital affair. He opted to resign from the House, despite being urged to stay on by House Democratic leader Gephardt. Subsequently, the chief deputy whip

1459:(served 1962–1971), was a somewhat less influential speaker, particularly because of dissent from younger members of the Democratic Party. During the mid-1970s, the power of the speakership once again grew under Democrat 6436: 918: 977:

where Madison stated that "difficulties and differences of opinion in expounding terms phrases ... used ... might require a regular course of practice to liquidate settle the meaning of some of them." In holding in

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has argued, "Legislative powers cannot be lodged in the hands of a non-legislative person. To do so would violate the fundamental purpose of Article of the Constitution." Both Schaub and the CRS note that the

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Toward the end of the 19th century, the office of speaker began to develop into a very powerful one. At the time, one of the most important sources of the speaker's power was his position as Chairman of the

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On the other hand, when the speaker and the president belong to opposite parties, the public role and influence of the speaker tend to increase. As the highest-ranking member of the opposition party (and

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member of the House of Representatives, although every speaker thus far has been, and as a member the speaker also represents their district and retains the right to vote. The speaker is second in the

6890:(Yale University Press; 2010) 292 pages; Examines partisan pressures and other factors that shaped the leadership of the speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives; focuses on the period since 1940. 9943: 9427: 4140:, or a cabinet member to serve as acting president unlikely to happen, except in the aftermath of a catastrophic event. However, only a few years after it went into effect, in 1973, at the height of 4060: 3619: 8980: 8975: 8970: 1619:

which saw the election of a narrow Republican Party majority in the House, Pelosi did not seek a Democratic leadership post in the next Congress. The Democratic Caucus named her "Speaker Emerita".

1336:, thereby ensuring Adams' victory. Following Clay's retirement in 1825, the power of the speakership once again began to decline, despite speakership elections becoming increasingly bitter. As the 1308:

From early in its existence, the speaker's primary function had been to keep order and enforce rules. The speakership was transformed into a position with power over the legislative process under

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as opposed to House members. The House Qualifications Clause requires that "No person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the Age of twenty-five Years, and been seven Years a

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of Pennsylvania. The voting went on for almost two months with no candidate able to secure a majority, until it was finally agreed to elect the speaker by plurality vote, and Banks was elected.

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for a specified period of time." The list of the members with this duty (usually political allies of the speaker, or members from districts close to Washington and thus better able to hold

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for purposes of succession, and for purposes of serving as the body's presiding officer in the speaker's absence, is separate from the speaker's designation of multiple members as speakers

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states that "All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives", political scientist

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to resign. However, Gingrich refused since that would have required a new election for speaker, which could have led to Democrats along with dissenting Republicans voting for Democrat

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convened on January 3, 2019. In addition to being the first woman to hold the office, Pelosi became the first speaker to return to power since Sam Rayburn in the 1950s. Following the

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and customs that evolved over time. Scholars are divided as to whether early speakers played largely ceremonial and impartial roles or whether they were more active partisan actors.

1297: 1395:(1889–1891, 1895–1899). "Czar Reed", as he was called by his opponents, sought to end the obstruction of bills by the minority, in particular by countering the tactic known as the " 3072:, declared his bid for the speakership, which was unopposed, making him speaker-designate. It was then revealed, by Livingston himself, who had been publicly critical of President 8256: 5246:, the Speaker is required to deliver to the Clerk a list of Members in the order in which each shall act as Speaker pro tempore in the case of a vacancy in the Office of Speaker." 3976:

and to preside over the House in the speaker's absence; when this has occurred the delegation has always been to a member of the same party. During important debates, the speaker

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and attorney Greg Dubinsky have argued that the Speaker must be a House member because the Speaker performs various legislative functions that other House officers (such as the

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are free to vote for someone other than the candidate nominated by their party but generally do not, as the outcome of the election effectively demonstrates which party has the

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The speaker is responsible for ensuring that the House passes legislation supported by the majority party. In pursuing this goal, the speaker may use their influence over the

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The house of representatives is not, as the Senate, to have a president chosen for them from without their body, but are to elect their speaker from their own number . . . .

488: 6846: 7900: 6229: 777: 142: 6897:(Amenia, NY: Grey House Publishing, 2009). The comprehensive work on the subject, covering, in depth, the lives of the speakers from Frederick Muhlenberg to Nancy Pelosi. 2968:

with the opposite party's delegation participating. Finally, it was agreed to exclude both delegations from the election and a speaker was finally chosen on December 17.

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of Illinois as speaker, but because of sectional distrust, the various oppositionists were unable to agree on a single candidate for speaker. The Republicans supported

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Ratification of the Twenty-fifth Amendment in 1967, with its mechanism for filling an intra-term vice-presidential vacancy, has made calling on the speaker, president

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Schaub, Ellis, and Dubinsky also argue that permitting a non-member to serve as Speaker would effectively exempt Speakers from the eligibility requirements of the

879: 515: 4105:, written declarations that a U.S. president is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, or is able to resume them, under Sections 3 and 4 of the 1195: 9968: 8538: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8508: 8503: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8345: 6593: 5202: 4082: 2938: 1108:

to serve for a short period, until the House elected a new speaker, but the House rules set no specific limit on the length of time that a member may be speaker

312: 10312: 9938: 8900: 8820: 8757: 8443: 8438: 8433: 8428: 8423: 8418: 8413: 8408: 8403: 8398: 8251: 4064: 1947: 5574: 3850:) was particularly infamous for his marginalization of the minority Democrats and centralizing of authority to the speakership. In more recent times, Speaker 2979:

had collapsed but no single party had emerged to replace it. Candidates opposing the Democrats had run under a bewildering variety of labels, including Whig,

9567: 9294: 6353: 5128: 5087: 4015: 3100: 2070: 2049: 1202: 568: 290: 4915: 4741: 10154: 9621: 9509: 9494: 9237: 8925: 8920: 8915: 8910: 8808: 8033: 5178: 658: 5434: 5350:"Rethinking the Role of the Speaker: Power, Institutional Development, and the Myth of the "Impartial Moderator" in the Early US House of Representatives" 9948: 8905: 8856: 8324: 8299: 5153: 4052: 2999:

of Massachusetts, who had been elected as a Know Nothing but was now largely identified with the Republicans. The southern Know Nothings supported first

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On the floor of the House, the presiding officer is always addressed as "Mister Speaker" or "Madam Speaker", even if that person is serving as speaker

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At the House's pleasure; elected at the beginning of the new Congress by a majority of the representatives-elect, and upon a vacancy during a Congress.

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The roles of the parties reversed in 1994 when, after spending forty years in the minority, the Republicans regained control of the House with the "

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then became the new Speaker of the House on January 7, 2023, after the longest multi-ballot speaker election since 1859. McCarthy was eventually

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McCartney, Allison; Parlapiano, Alicia; Wu, Ashley; Zhang, Christine; Williams, Josh; Cochrane, Emily; Murphy, John-Michael (January 6, 2023).

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McCartney, Allison; Parlapiano, Alicia; Wu, Ashley; Zhang, Christine; Williams, Josh; Cochrane, Emily; Murphy, John-Michael (January 4, 2023).

3268: 2496: 821:, the chamber's longest-serving member. Additionally, it is customary for the outgoing speaker, or the minority leader, to hand the speaker's 9387: 9041: 8696: 7909: 7018: 4114: 3801: 3686: 3610: 3534: 3306: 3230: 2951:

Historically, there have been several controversial elections to the speakership, such as the contest of 1839. In that case, even though the

2421: 1942: 1804: 1086: 910: 723: 706:. By custom and House rules, the speaker is the political and parliamentary leader of the House and is simultaneously its presiding officer, 414: 212: 3041:

had refused to support Gillett in the first eight ballots. Only after winning concessions from Republican conference leaders (a seat on the

948:... shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution". Pursuant to Article VI, the 1st United States Congress passed the 9922: 9175: 8997: 8570: 8099: 6009: 2787: 2628: 2521: 484: 5004: 10301: 9917: 9633: 9514: 9232: 9185: 8779: 8181: 8089: 7886: 7082: 3811:

When the speaker and the president belong to the same party, the speaker tends to play the role in a more ceremonial light, as seen when

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Representatives who choose to vote for someone other than their party's nominee usually vote for someone else in their party or vote "

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The speaker is in charge of deciding which committee a bill will be assigned to, of determining whether to allow a member to make a

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In consultation with the minority leader, can devise a system of drug testing in the House. This option has never been exercised;

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convened on December 2, the House could not begin the speakership election until December 14 because of an election dispute in

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during this period. For example, from 1839 to 1863 there were eleven speakers, only one of whom served for more than one term.

695: 269: 153: 81: 6076: 1073:. Rule I, clause 8, of the House Rules states the member whose name appears first on the list "shall act as Speaker 9902: 9887: 9814: 9555: 9447: 9417: 9207: 8294: 8282: 8119: 5956: 5905: 5499:(August 1968). "Joseph G. Cannon and Howard W. Smith: An Essay on the Limits of Leadership in the House of Representatives". 4161: 4130: 2699: 2583: 2430: 1879: 811: 505: 3120:

less than ten months later, the first time in American History the House voted to remove its incumbent speaker. This led to

944:". The Oath or Affirmation Clause provides that "The ... Representatives before mentioned... and all executive and judicial 10461: 10203: 9892: 8144: 8079: 6177: 5793: 2800: 1800: 1104:

was revealed to be the first name on McCarthy's list and became acting speaker. The intent of the rule was for the speaker

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C. Stewart III, "Architect or tactician? Henry Clay and the institutional development of the US House of Representatives"

4528: 1007:(1819) in concluding that "The longstanding 'practice of the government' ... can inform determination of 'what the law is 10466: 10093: 9897: 9809: 9761: 9584: 9479: 9155: 8565: 8010: 7920: 7027: 4331: 2716: 2593: 2113: 1904: 1829: 906: 727: 441: 9850: 9096: 7970: 2858: 2838: 2613: 2608: 2563: 2251: 2133: 1976: 1968: 1716: 1100:(the first time in history that a speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives was successfully removed by the House), 1030:

designation lasts for no more than three legislative days, although in the case of illness of the speaker, the speaker

436: 6820: 6585: 5737: 4643: 952:(that remains in effect) which provides that "...the oath or affirmation … shall be administered ... to the Speaker". 10245: 10099: 9855: 9342: 8851: 8801: 8304: 8066: 6956: 6770: 6690: 5304: 5238: 5062: 4590: 4473: 4437: 2853: 2848: 2843: 2746: 2721: 2682: 2573: 2516: 2481: 2196: 1698: 1321: 1242: 841:, concerning the choosing of a speaker, does not explicitly state House membership as a requirement. As noted by the 216: 173: 8604: 5852: 5738:"House Democrats pick Hakeem Jeffries to succeed Nancy Pelosi, the first Black lawmaker to lead a party in Congress" 5582: 4556: 1037: 10399: 10374: 10113: 9912: 9732: 9545: 8289: 8020: 7950: 7289: 7256: 6752:"Presidential Disability Under the Twenty-Fifth Amendment: Constitutional Provisions and Perspectives for Congress" 4852: 4071: 3756: 3718: 3680: 3642: 3566: 3444: 2988: 2980: 2792: 2777: 2753: 2668: 2486: 2468: 2463: 800: 793: 746: 615: 7878: 6343: 4502: 1543:

left the Republican Party to become independent and caucused with Senate Democrats to give them a 51–49 majority.

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was sworn in as vice president. Albert was also next in line from the time Ford assumed the presidency following

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of New Jersey, a former Whig of unclear partisan loyalties, who was finally elected speaker on February 1, 1860.

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Receives reports or other communications from the president, government agencies, boards, and commissions; and

10404: 10259: 10188: 9702: 9402: 9160: 9086: 8841: 8796: 3116:" on the 15th ballot, ending the longest multiple-ballot speaker election since before the Civil War. He was 2603: 2588: 2306: 1711: 1666: 1273:(1811–1814, 1815–1820, 1823–1825) used his influence as speaker to ensure the passage of measures he favored. 1131:. The House Rules state: "With the approval of the House, the Speaker may appoint a Member to act as Speaker 850: 620: 1296:

As the Constitution does not state the duties of the speaker, the speaker's role has largely been shaped by

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Pamphlets on the Constitution of the United States: Published During Its Discussion by the People 1787–1788

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for special purposes, such as designating a representative whose district is near Washington, D.C. to sign

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was selected as speaker. The Republicans retained their majorities in the 2000, 2002, and 2004 elections.

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In total, there have been 16 elections requiring multiple ballots to elect a speaker, with 13 before the

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and in pushing for increases in infrastructure and climate spending during the presidency of Democrat

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In the 2006 midterm elections, the Democratic Party regained control of the House of Representatives.

1289:. He served two non-consecutive terms in the speaker's chair, 1789–1791 (1st Congress) and 1793–1795 ( 10451: 10164: 10068: 6285: 5640: 3854:

played a role in continuing the push for health care reform during the presidency of fellow Democrat

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President Bush acknowledged Pelosi as the first woman in that position in the opening of his speech.

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and a pledge that requested House rules changes would be considered) did they agree to support him.

10307: 9744: 8594: 6406: 3890: 2996: 2416: 2266: 2181: 1706: 1070: 891: 62: 6802:"Presidential Succession: An Overview with Analysis of Legislation Proposed in the 109th Congress" 5705:"Nancy Pelosi regains the House speaker's gavel as Democrats confront Trump over partial shutdown" 1026:, acting as the body's presiding officer in the speaker's absence. In most instances, the speaker 10294: 10238: 10048: 9658: 9489: 9347: 9337: 9127: 9054: 8671: 7469: 7319: 5501: 3520: 2301: 2296: 2171: 1285:, was elected to office on April 1, 1789, the day the House organized itself at the start of the 1169: 399: 88: 7060: 6575:

Jodi Lynn Anderson, Daniel Ehrenhaft & Andisheh Nouraee 2011, Bloomsbury Publishing Page 26.

1587: 10280: 10198: 10041: 8160: 6437:"Republicans take charge of US House, poised for clashes with Obama over spending, health care" 6377:"Congress passes $ 1.2 trillion bipartisan infrastructure bill, delivering major win for Biden" 4106: 3038: 2782: 2391: 2356: 2261: 2236: 1737: 1729: 1616: 1604: 4812: 1580:, among other political issues. This intra-party discord continued under Boehner's successor, 10146: 9362: 9289: 9202: 9197: 8706: 7166: 7116: 6942: 6043:"John Boehner just endured the biggest revolt against a House speaker in more than 150 years" 5182: 5173: 5157: 5132: 5091: 3820: 3376: 3338: 3300: 3292: 3262: 3042: 2376: 2326: 2281: 2271: 2256: 2246: 2231: 2211: 2186: 2176: 2166: 2023: 1478: 1445: 1369: 1003: 587: 128: 6659: 6094: 5605: 4669: 1678: 10350: 10106: 9963: 9754: 9664: 9601: 9535: 9484: 9059: 8723: 8176: 7609: 7589: 7519: 7499: 7479: 7459: 7126: 7106: 6321: 6014: 5770: 5124: 5119: 5083: 5078: 4533: 4199: 3894: 3843: 3672: 3452: 3178: 3124:

across multiple weeks to replace him, ultimately leading to the election of Representative

3088:

The Democrats won a majority of seats in the 2006 midterm elections. On November 16, 2006,

3034: 3014:

met in December 1859. Although the Republicans held a plurality, the Republican candidate,

2899: 2396: 2371: 2276: 2216: 2191: 2161: 2151: 1821: 1630: 1419: 1411: 1392: 1385: 1381: 1352: 1278: 1259: 1066: 961: 914: 641: 202: 5185: 8: 10456: 10063: 10014: 9776: 9727: 9412: 9279: 7569: 7549: 7399: 7279: 6816: 6766: 6633: 6491: 6344:"Nancy Pelosi steeled White House for health push – Carrie Budoff Brown and Glenn Thrush" 6339: 6307: 6047: 5548: 5318: 5160: 4817: 4676: 4639: 4327: 3482: 3414: 3186: 3019: 2331: 2286: 2226: 2201: 2156: 1396: 992: 563: 123: 6621: 6559: 6510: 5474: 4942: 4879: 4411: 1563:

convened on January 5, 2011, and was subsequently re-elected twice, at the start of the

1470:, was a prominent speaker because of his public opposition to the policies of President 886:

provided that the Speaker would vote "In all cases of ballot by the ouse", while former

10446: 10136: 9474: 9392: 9332: 9212: 8216: 8104: 7529: 7489: 7369: 7359: 7349: 7299: 6125:"Portrait of Speaker Nancy Pelosi unveiled at the Capitol as historic tenure nears end" 5612: 5526: 5518: 5377: 5148: 5135: 5094: 4969: 4790: 4165: 3847: 3789:, which is meant to be scrupulously non-partisan. The speaker in the United States, by 3634: 3596: 3137: 3023: 2526: 2361: 2241: 2206: 1423: 1345:

is the only speaker of the House who was later elected president of the United States.

1337: 997: 983: 956: 909:

assumes that the Speaker is a House member in requiring the Speaker's resignation upon

691: 526: 116: 5878:

Hutzler, Alexandra; Peller, Lauren; Scott, Rachel; Siegel, Benjamin; Parkinson, John.

1745: 1328:, causing the president to be elected by the House, Speaker Clay threw his support to 10216: 10180: 10159: 9616: 9352: 9299: 9259: 9244: 8931: 8071: 7629: 7539: 7429: 7309: 7216: 7146: 6952: 6530: 5801: 5530: 5381: 5369: 4564: 3956: 3878: 3827: 3368: 3216: 2536: 2406: 2366: 2321: 2221: 2123: 2018: 1456: 1365: 1348: 1329: 1022:

Under the Rules of the House, the speaker may designate a member to serve as speaker

703: 542: 6151: 5931: 5826: 810:). In response, the Democrats stripped him of his seniority, and he lost all of his 9978: 9377: 9227: 9046: 7908: 7449: 7439: 7246: 6938: 6586:"House Practice: A Guide to the Rules, Precedents and Procedures of the House]" 6083:. City & County of San Francisco, November 16, 2006. Retrieved on July 5, 2007. 6073: 5510: 5496: 5361: 4156:

was suddenly first in line to become acting president. The vacancy continued until

3898: 3224: 2128: 1391:

The power of the speaker was greatly augmented during the tenure of the Republican

1373: 1136: 1128: 132: 6883:(1999) 20 volumes; contains scholarly biographies of all speakers no longer alive. 6204:"Kevin McCarthy wins speaker race after a grueling 4 days and 15 rounds of voting" 3826:, who personally ensured the presidential victory of fellow Democratic-Republican 10193: 9143: 9051: 8093: 8048: 7984: 7750: 7419: 7409: 7389: 7379: 7156: 7136: 7004: 6948: 6517: 6498: 6080: 5709: 5578: 5414: 5242:, chap. 34 (Office of the Speaker): "Under rule I clause 8(b)(3), adopted in the 4671:"James A. Traficant Jr., colorful Ohio congressman expelled by House, dies at 73" 4185: 3254: 3004: 2911: 2531: 2013: 1996: 1986: 1929: 1865: 1792: 1550:

was elected Speaker of the House, becoming the first woman to hold the position.

1377: 1101: 1041: 796: 457: 6260:"Live updates: Rep. Mike Johnson elected speaker, breaking weeks-long stalemate" 5058: 4791:

Electing the Speaker of the House of Representatives: Frequently Asked Questions

1034:

may serve for ten legislative days if the appointment is approved by the House.

762: 10287: 9459: 9382: 9309: 8083: 8060: 8037: 7954: 7739: 7689: 7649: 7186: 5880:"McCarthy vote live updates: House speaker ousted for first time in US history" 5570: 5243: 5066: 4039: 3925: 3905: 3870: 3816: 3812: 3710: 3104: 3082: 3069: 2960: 2830: 2757: 1622: 1612: 1591: 1560: 1524: 1505: 1497: 1467: 1333: 933: 866: 807: 803: 782: 773: 452: 338: 220: 160: 5365: 4312: 1629:

on October 3, 2023, after a further split in the Republican caucus, with five

849:. In 1787, while the proposed Constitution was being considered, Pennsylvania 10510: 9611: 9437: 9217: 9024: 8014: 7924: 7679: 7269: 7032: 6721:"Will members of Congress ever drug-test themselves? They've certainly tried" 5805: 5373: 4568: 4149: 3986: 3913: 3909: 3874: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3030: 3011: 1912: 1854: 1832: 1781: 1750: 1516: 1485: 1471: 1342: 1124: 986:

does not authorize the President to make appointments while the Senate is in

974: 966: 102: 6995:(2003). House Document 108–204. History, nature and role of the speakership. 4231:"The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker and other Officers". 10482: 9706: 9606: 9254: 9249: 7974: 7964: 7944: 7934: 7765: 7729: 7709: 7699: 7051: 6902: 6801: 6622:"The Speaker of the House: House Officer, Party Leader, and Representative" 6335: 5932:"Mike Johnson: Republicans got a Speaker elected. Now begins the hard part" 4624: 4489:

In fact, there is no requirement that the Speaker be a Member of the House.

4035: 3945: 3937: 3933: 3921: 3917: 3855: 3851: 3748: 3604: 3125: 3089: 3073: 3015: 2984: 2008: 1991: 1979: 1843: 1770: 1635: 1608: 1556: 1547: 1536: 1520: 1489: 1449: 1282: 874: 742: 70: 6751: 4970:

Presidential Succession: Perspectives and Contemporary Issues for Congress

4462: 4018:

and of appointing members to select committees and conference committees.

9455: 9407: 9314: 9269: 8129: 8004: 7994: 7639: 7619: 7599: 7579: 7509: 7329: 5853:"House passes 45-day funding bill, likely avoiding a government shutdown" 4943:

The Speaker of the House: House Officer, Party Leader, and Representative

4880:

The Speaker of the House: House Officer, Party Leader, and Representative

4463:

The Speaker of the House: House Officer, Party Leader, and Representative

4412:

The Speaker of the House: House Officer, Party Leader, and Representative

4157: 4153: 4145: 3831: 3815:

played a very restrained role during the presidency of fellow Republican

3558: 3048:

In 1997, several Republican congressional leaders tried to force Speaker

2001: 1460: 1441: 1433: 1313: 531: 6993:

The Cannon Centenary Conference: The Changing Nature of the Speakership.

6308:"Rules Governing House Committee and Subcommittee Assignment Procedures" 4179: 2906: 845:, non-members have, on multiple occasions since 1997, received votes in 7659: 7226: 7196: 7176: 6374: 5522: 4313:"Continuity of Government: Current Federal Arrangements and the Future" 4121:

of 1947, immediately after the vice president and before the president

3960: 3823: 3113: 2956: 1652:

List of Speaker of the United States House of Representatives elections

1309: 1270: 1255: 1183: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 854: 789: 1436:(1940–1947; 1949–1953; and 1955–1961) was the longest serving speaker. 9678: 9284: 7719: 7669: 7339: 6403:"Nancy Pelosi: House Speaker's Exclusive Interview With Diane Sawyer" 5996:

The Emergence of Lincoln, Volume II: Prologue to Civil War, 1859–1861

5676: 5292:

What happens next after Kevin McCarthy ousted as speaker of the House

5045: 4141: 3859: 3061: 1895: 1581: 1573: 1501: 1141: 988: 750: 719: 494: 6230:"House to Vote on McCarthy's Future as Speaker - The New York Times" 5906:"Republican Mike Johnson elected House speaker after weeks of chaos" 5514: 1607:

which saw the election of a Democratic Party majority in the House,

1158: 10253:

First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln

9671: 9122: 8025: 7559: 6348: 6152:"Kevin McCarthy elected US House Speaker after 15 rounds of voting" 5827:"Kevin McCarthy elected US House Speaker after 15 rounds of voting" 3929: 3835: 1488:. Speaker Gingrich would regularly clash with Democratic President 1426:

restored much, but not all, of the lost influence of the position.

708: 7001:, 5th ed. (2000). Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Press. 5222:

Once a secret, the temporary House speaker is Rep. Patrick McHenry

3808:

of the Senate, whose office is primarily ceremonial and honorary.

837:

While every speaker of the House has been a sitting House member,

718:

The Constitution does not explicitly require the speaker to be an

9192: 7090: 6967:

Masters of the House: Congressional Leadership Over Two Centuries

3944:; and once again, Nancy Pelosi, who refused to support President 3077: 1540: 1418:

The speakership reached its apogee during the term of Republican

761:

The House elects its speaker at the beginning of a new Congress,

8122:• ** Ambiguity exists concerning eligibility to act as president 1266: 10058: 9653: 7910:

Presidential line of succession in the United States of America

4164:

in 1974, until Ford's choice to succeed him as vice president,

3479: 27:

Presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives

5471:"A Pre-Twentieth Century Look at the House Committee on Rules" 4764:"Explainer: How the House of Representatives Elects a Speaker" 4557:"Lacking a Speaker, One Part of Government Ceases to Function" 1429: 32:

List of speakers of the United States House of Representatives

10232:

Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States

6178:"Vote Count: McCarthy Elected House Speaker After 15 Ballots" 5794:"Vote Count: McCarthy Elected House Speaker After 15 Ballots" 5607:"Were the G.O.P. Votes Against Boehner a Historic Rejection?" 4148:

resigned. With Agnew's unexpected departure and the state of

4125:

of the Senate (who is followed by members of the president's

1523:(first woman elected as U.S. House Speaker) behind President 1440:

One of the most influential speakers in history was Democrat

1355:(1889–1891, 1895–1899) was one of the most powerful speakers. 822: 6375:

Annie Grayer, Manu Raju and Clare Foran (November 5, 2021).

6322:"House Leadership Structure: Overview of Party Organization" 3022:, Sherman finally withdrew in favor of compromise candidate 1320:" economic plan. Furthermore, when no candidate received an 9304: 6463:"Nancy Pelosi: Border wall is 'immoral, expensive, unwise'" 5022: 4526: 4208:

Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives

2820: 1407: 6927:(Smithsonian Books, 2006). The standard scholarly history. 6560:"Suspension of the Rules in the House: Principal Features" 6175: 5983:

Ordeal of the Union, Volume II: A House Dividing 1852–1857

5791: 4853:"Dysfunction Is No Excuse for Misreading the Constitution" 4088:

Administers the House audio and video broadcasting system;

3517: 1494:

United States federal government shutdown of 1995 and 1996

965:(2014), Ellis and Dubinsky cite an 1819 letter written by 240: 10527:

Speakership of the United States House of Representatives

9025:

Powers, privileges, procedure, committees, history, media

5766:"House panel votes to designate Pelosi 'Speaker Emerita'" 5742: 5644: 4623:

Heitshusen, Valerie; Beth, Richard S. (January 4, 2019).

4393: 4391: 4389: 3267: 2825: 839:

Article I, Section II, Clause 5, of the U.S. Constitution

5670:

Shesgreen, Deirdre; Allen, Cooper (September 25, 2015).

5455:

Robinson, William A. "Thomas B. Reed, Parliamentarian".

4529:"House elects Mike Johnson as Speaker, ending GOP chaos" 4367:. United States House of Representatives. Archived from 3685: 3609: 3533: 3305: 3289: 3229: 3103:

in which the Republicans won a slim four-seat majority.

283:

Great Seal of the United States House of Representatives

5100: 4984: 4916:"If Trump Wants to Be Speaker, He'll Need a House Seat" 4909: 4907: 4905: 4903: 4901: 4823: 4403: 3963:

is the only Speaker (1835–1839) to have also served as

3669: 3191: 3175: 1192:"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives" 10517:

Speakers of the United States House of Representatives

6925:

The House: the History of the House of Representatives

5198: 5196: 5194: 4386: 2971:

Another, more prolonged fight occurred in 1855 in the

6228:

Edmonson, Catie; Broadwater, Luke (October 3, 2023).

3723: 3647: 3631: 3593: 3010:

The House found itself in a similar dilemma when the

680:

speaker of the United States House of Representatives

42:

Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

10155:

List of artwork at the United States Capitol complex

5877: 5641:"Boehner Overcomes Big Opposition to Remain Speaker" 5575:"President Bush Delivers State of the Union Address" 4898: 4175: 3838:

legislation under the presidency of fellow Democrat

3761: 3457: 3365: 3213: 984:

Recess Appointments Clause of Article II, Section II

930:

House Qualifications Clause of Article I, Section II

6202:Watson, Kathryn; Quinn, Melissa (January 7, 2023). 6095:"Jubilant Democrats Assume Control on Capitol Hill" 6010:"Opening day of new Congress: Not always total joy" 5297: 5231: 5191: 4972:(Report). Congressional Research Service. p. 5 4793:(Report). Congressional Research Service. p. 2 4306: 4304: 3495: 3419: 3381: 3343: 1062:

Clerk of the United States House of Representatives

9701: 6227: 6150:Debusmann, Bernd; Murphy, Matt (January 7, 2023). 5957:"Republican Mike Johnson elected US House speaker" 5050: 4914:Ellis, Michael; Dubinsky, Greg (October 5, 2023). 4527:Mychael Schnell; Emily Brooks (October 25, 2023). 3571: 3251: 905:Schaub and the CRS also note that the text of the 819:dean of the United States House of Representatives 817:Upon election, the new speaker is sworn in by the 4133:, after resigning from the House and as speaker. 3707: 3403: 3327: 3064:chose not to run for the office. The chairman of 2076:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review 10508: 10274:George Washington and the Revolutionary War Door 9841:Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations 6974:The American Congress: The Building of Democracy 5262: 5260: 5258: 5256: 5254: 5252: 4301: 3787:speaker of the United Kingdom's House of Commons 6976:(2004). A comprehensive history by 40 scholars. 6888:The Speaker of the House: A Study of Leadership 6795: 6793: 6791: 6492:Speaker of the House Law & Legal Definition 6286:"Speaker Elections Decided by Multiple Ballots" 6149: 6074:San Francisco Commission on the Status of Women 5473:. U.S. House of Representatives. Archived from 4253:"Speaker Elections Decided by Multiple Ballots" 3745: 6965:Smock, Raymond W., and Susan W. Hammond, eds. 6511:Speaker Pro Tempore Law & Legal Definition 6092: 5672:"Speaker John Boehner to resign from Congress" 5669: 4622: 4618: 4616: 3555: 772:Since 1839, the House has elected speakers by 8145: 7894: 7092:Speakers of the U.S. House of Representatives 7076: 6903:"Speakers of the House: Elections, 1913–2017" 6007: 5547:. Texas Historical Commission. Archived from 5249: 5005:"Speaker Gingrich? Not Really Constitutional" 4913: 4625:"Speakers of the House: Elections, 1913–2019" 2932: 1262:(1789–1791, 1793–1795) was the first speaker. 1077:until the election of a Speaker or a Speaker 832: 741:The 56th and current Speaker of the House is 724:United States presidential line of succession 659: 6788: 6573:Americapedia: Taking the Dumb Out of Freedom 5216: 5214: 3916:, who fought a bitter battle with President 3441: 1594:became the first Speaker to be successfully 10302:Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way 6999:Congressional Quarterly's Guide to Congress 6932:Parties and Leaders in the Postreform House 6691:"Essays on Article I: Speaker of the House" 6615: 6613: 6611: 6334: 6201: 6001: 4613: 4591:"Essays on Article I: Speaker of the House" 4113:Additionally, the speaker is second in the 1572:conservatives in his own party related to " 8159: 8152: 8138: 8044:Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 7901: 7887: 7862: 7083: 7069: 6989:C-SPAN (2003). Notable elections and role. 6900: 6847:"Speaker Albert Was Ready to Be President" 6666:. United States House of Representatives. 6619: 6034: 5325:. United States House of Representatives. 5286: 5284: 5282: 5280: 4940: 4877: 4788: 4710:. United States House of Representatives. 4554: 4503:"Can An Outsider Be Speaker of the House?" 4460: 4409: 4259:. United States House of Representatives. 2939: 2925: 1414:(1903–1911) was the most powerful speaker. 785:and consequently will organize the House. 666: 652: 61: 6969:(1998). Short biographies of key leaders. 6901:Heitshusen, Valerie (November 26, 2018). 5211: 5003:Franck, Matthew J. (September 30, 2015). 4846: 4844: 4842: 4840: 4838: 4456: 4454: 4289:. United States Government. March 4, 1789 4213:Party leaders of the United States Senate 4085:, general counsel, and inspector general; 3802:is in charge of the business of the House 3131: 1243:Learn how and when to remove this message 1123:for the purpose of allowing them to sign 30:For a list of speakers of the House, see 10522:1789 establishments in the United States 10488:United States Capitol cornerstone laying 6937: 6895:Speakers of the House of Representatives 6608: 6394: 6288:. United States House of Representatives 6008:Wolfensberger, Don (December 12, 2018). 5106: 5028: 4990: 4829: 4500: 4397: 4355: 4051:Oversees the officers of the House: the 4029: 4003:. When the House resolves itself into a 3955: 3908:, who was a vocal opponent of President 3864: 1586: 1515: 1428: 1406: 1347: 1265: 1254: 1036: 938:Oath or Affirmation Clause of Article VI 698:. The office was established in 1789 by 9255:Majority of the majority (Hastert Rule) 8215: 7931:Speaker of the House of Representatives 6531:"Rules of the House of Representatives" 6400: 5929: 5763: 5468: 5277: 4667: 4358:"Congressional Salaries and Allowances" 4349: 4245: 3037:needed nine ballots to win reelection. 2071:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court 2061:Multidistrict Litigation Judicial Panel 1660:This article is part of a series on the 1316:, and various laws relating to Clay's " 14: 10509: 8732:Caucuses of the United States Congress 8034:Secretary of Health and Human Services 6731:from the original on November 16, 2020 6695:The Heritage Guide to The Constitution 5002: 4850: 4835: 4451: 4310: 3770: 3732: 3694: 3656: 3618: 3580: 3542: 3504: 3466: 3428: 3390: 3352: 3314: 3276: 3238: 3200: 3029:In December 1923, at the start of the 1014: 880:Standing Rules and Orders of the House 696:United States House of Representatives 82:United States House of Representatives 9700: 9023: 8214: 8133: 7882: 7064: 6857:from the original on January 14, 2021 6826:from the original on January 14, 2021 6799: 6776:from the original on November 8, 2018 6750:Neale, Thomas H. (November 5, 2018). 6749: 6670:from the original on January 14, 2021 6640:from the original on January 14, 2021 6592:. U.S. Government Publishing Office. 6473:from the original on January 14, 2021 6431: 6356:from the original on January 14, 2021 6105:from the original on January 14, 2021 6055:from the original on January 14, 2021 6040: 6022:from the original on January 14, 2021 5930:Zurcher, Anthony (October 25, 2023). 5903: 5764:Schnell, Mychael (December 1, 2022). 5717:from the original on January 14, 2021 5684:from the original on January 14, 2021 5651:from the original on January 29, 2015 5638: 5620:from the original on January 14, 2021 5603: 5495: 5388:from the original on February 2, 2021 5347: 5329:from the original on January 14, 2021 5204:Rules of the House of Representatives 4967: 4714:from the original on January 12, 2019 4649:from the original on January 14, 2021 4582: 4479:from the original on January 14, 2021 4337:from the original on January 14, 2021 3739: 3701: 2431:Elections in the District of Columbia 1087:line of succession for the presidency 825:to the new speaker, as a mark of the 7019:U.S. presidential line of succession 6701:from the original on August 22, 2020 6620:Heitshusen, Valerie (May 16, 2017). 6540:from the original on October 5, 2015 5735: 5702: 5569: 5469:Oleszek, Walter J. (December 1998). 4941:Heitshusen, Valerie (May 16, 2017). 4878:Heitshusen, Valerie (May 16, 2017). 4789:Heitshusen, Valerie (May 31, 2023). 4744:from the original on August 27, 2019 4684:from the original on August 12, 2015 4668:Schudel, Matt (September 27, 2014). 4601:from the original on August 22, 2020 4555:Broadwater, Luke (January 5, 2023). 4461:Heitshusen, Valerie (May 16, 2017). 4410:Heitshusen, Valerie (May 16, 2017). 4356:Brudnick, Ida A. (January 4, 2012). 4311:Relyea, Harold C. (August 5, 2005). 3951: 2801:United States and the United Nations 2033:Inferior Courts of the United States 1645: 1181:adding citations to reliable sources 1152: 8363:Expelled, censured, and reprimanded 7941:President pro tempore of the Senate 7047:President pro tempore of the Senate 6844: 5736:Diaz, Daniella (December 2, 2022). 4770:. Voice of America. January 6, 2023 4263:from the original on March 27, 2019 3834:was a key player in the passing of 3658:December 5, 1859 – February 1, 1860 3620:December 3, 1855 – February 2, 1856 1905:Vice President of the United States 1611:was again elected speaker when the 923:constitutional separation of powers 907:Presidential Succession Act of 1947 713:leader of the body's majority party 24: 6800:Neale, Thomas H. (June 29, 2005). 6413:from the original on June 15, 2011 6093:John M. Broder (January 5, 2007). 5904:Greve, Joan E (October 25, 2023). 5703:Wire, Sarah D. (January 3, 2019). 5639:Walsh, Deirdre (January 6, 2015). 5055:Tooltip Public Law (United States) 4968:Neale, Thomas H. (July 14, 2020). 4734:"Election of the Speaker Overview" 4595:Heritage Guide to The Constitution 4501:Williams, Pete (October 9, 2015). 4025: 3912:'s economic and defense policies; 3066:the House Appropriations Committee 1969:Supreme Court of the United States 1677: 278: 143:Party caucus / conference 25: 18:United States Speaker of the House 10538: 10246:Progress of Civilization Pediment 10100:Congressional Pictorial Directory 8953:By length of service historically 6980: 6688: 6401:Sanchez, Ray (November 3, 2010). 5437:from the original on May 10, 2021 4851:Schaub, Diana (October 9, 2015). 4588: 4438:Chapter 34: Office of the Speaker 4070:Serves as the chairperson of the 3158: 3107:was nominated for speaker by the 3097:January 2023 speakership election 1699:Constitution of the United States 971:Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals 946:Officers ... of the United States 174:Constitution of the United States 99:Madam Speaker (informal – female) 10114:Official Congressional Directory 9733:Gov. Accountability Office (GAO) 7861: 7851: 7850: 7775: 6626:CRS Report for Congress RL97-780 6596:from the original on May 4, 2021 6584: 6041:Blake, Blake (January 6, 2015). 5604:Cohen, Micah (January 4, 2013). 4192: 4178: 4072:House Office Building Commission 3948:over funding for a border wall. 3920:for control of domestic policy; 3779: 3140:, one in 1923, and two in 2023. 2905: 2893: 2144:Elections by State and Territory 1749: 1744: 1277:The first speaker of the House, 1157: 1135:only to sign enrolled bills and 1096:as speaker in October 2023 on a 635: 47: 9923:Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper 8770:Arab and Middle Eastern members 8667:Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group 8202:Lists of United States Congress 6873: 6838: 6809:CRS Report for Congress RL32969 6743: 6713: 6682: 6660:"Parliamentarians of the House" 6652: 6578: 6566: 6552: 6523: 6504: 6485: 6455: 6425: 6368: 6328: 6314: 6300: 6278: 6252: 6221: 6195: 6169: 6143: 6117: 6086: 6067: 5988: 5975: 5949: 5923: 5897: 5871: 5845: 5819: 5785: 5757: 5729: 5696: 5663: 5632: 5597: 5563: 5537: 5489: 5462: 5449: 5419: 5400: 5341: 5319:"List of Speakers of the House" 5311: 5268:McHenry named as acting speaker 5166: 5141: 5112: 5071: 5034: 4996: 4961: 4934: 4871: 4805: 4782: 4756: 4726: 4696: 4661: 4548: 4520: 4494: 4162:Nixon's resignation from office 4115:presidential line of succession 2806:United Nations Security Council 2709:District of Columbia Government 1529:2007 State of the Union Address 1511: 1402: 1303: 1168:needs additional citations for 1048:in October 2023, following the 10025:Congressional Research Service 9772:Congr. Workplace Rights (OCWR) 8775:Asian Pacific American members 8100:Secretary of Homeland Security 6910:Congressional Research Service 6845:Gup, Ted (November 28, 1982). 6813:Congressional Research Service 6763:Congressional Research Service 6759:CRS Report for Congress R45394 6630:Congressional Research Service 5457:The American Historical Review 4947:Congressional Research Service 4884:Congressional Research Service 4636:Congressional Research Service 4470:Congressional Research Service 4430: 4416:Congressional Research Service 4324:Congressional Research Service 4275: 4225: 3965:President of the United States 3099:occurred two months after the 2963:". Two rival delegations, one 1922:United States Attorney General 1888:President of the United States 1455:Rayburn's successor, Democrat 857:publicly wrote the following: 843:Congressional Research Service 13: 1: 10260:Surrender of General Burgoyne 9617:Old Brick Capitol (1815–1819) 8780:Asian Pacific American Caucus 8373:Lost re-election in a primary 8090:Secretary of Veterans Affairs 5294:, NBC News (October 3, 2023). 4238: 4168:, was confirmed by Congress. 3936:, who clashed with President 3904:More modern examples include 2066:Alien Terrorist Removal Court 1559:was elected speaker when the 1466:Albert's successor, Democrat 1115:The designation of a speaker 851:Congress of the Confederation 96:Mr. Speaker (informal – male) 10267:Surrender of Lord Cornwallis 10210:The Apotheosis of Washington 9944:Chief Administrative Officer 9782:Gov. Publishing Office (GPO) 5459:, October 1931. pp. 137–138. 4704:"Fathers/Deans of the House" 4061:chief administrative officer 3924:, who argued with President 2993:William Alexander Richardson 2056:Court of International Trade 942:Citizen of the United States 911:succession to the Presidency 888:House Intelligence Committee 827:peaceful transition of power 778:party's caucus or conference 756: 7: 10432:Health and Fitness Facility 10224:Declaration of Independence 8993:Killed or wounded in office 8814:Congressional Jewish Caucus 8787:Hispanic and Latino members 8057:Secretary of Transportation 7011:New York: Houghton Mifflin. 6881:American National Biography 6697:. The Heritage Foundation. 6520:. Retrieved March 16, 2015. 6501:. Retrieved March 16, 2015. 6439:. 1310 News. Archived from 6079:September 30, 2007, at the 4171: 4119:Presidential Succession Act 4016:motion to suspend the rules 3109:House Republican Conference 2973:34th United States Congress 2953:26th United States Congress 932:and from being bound by an 75:since October 25, 2023 10: 10543: 9846:Interparliamentary Affairs 9767:Congr. Budget Office (CBO) 9403:Riddick's Senate Procedure 8830:Gender and sexual identity 5998:(New York, 1950), 116–123. 5985:(New York, 1947), 413–415. 5545:"Sam Rayburn House Museum" 5138:, slip op. at 7 (2014) 5097:, slip op. at 8 (2014) 1649: 1481:", an idea spearheaded by 1326:1824 presidential election 1148: 1145:sessions) is made public. 1050:removal of Kevin McCarthy. 995:, the Supreme Court cited 884:1st United States Congress 833:Eligibility of non-members 29: 10475: 10452:Old Supreme Court Chamber 10417: 10367: 10332: 10321: 10165:Congressional Prayer Room 10145: 10082: 10013: 9931: 9880: 9873: 9828: 9802: 9795: 9718: 9714: 9696: 9646: 9612:Congress Hall (1790–1800) 9563: 9554: 9528: 9446: 9325: 9136: 9110: 9034: 9030: 9019: 8958:Current members by wealth 8945: 8893: 8877: 8829: 8740: 8722: 8715: 8689: 8642: 8558: 8551: 8391: 8383:Elected but did not serve 8333: 8270: 8234: 8227: 8223: 8210: 8167: 8116: 7991:Secretary of the Interior 7961:Secretary of the Treasury 7916: 7784: 7773: 7098: 7043: 7038: 7024: 7017: 7009:Congressional Government. 6516:January 14, 2021, at the 6497:January 14, 2021, at the 5413:January 14, 2021, at the 5366:10.1017/S0898030620000226 5354:Journal of Policy History 5266:Katherine Tully-McManus, 4287:constitution.congress.gov 4097:Receives, along with the 3840:Franklin Delano Roosevelt 3744: 3706: 3668: 3630: 3592: 3554: 3516: 3478: 3440: 3402: 3364: 3326: 3288: 3250: 3212: 3174: 3164: 3157: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3122:multiple rounds of voting 2497:List of political parties 1094:removal of Kevin McCarthy 251: 235: 227: 208: 198: 180: 169: 159: 149: 138: 122: 112: 87: 80: 58: 46: 41: 9745:Architect of the Capitol 9607:Federal Hall (1789–1790) 8748:African-American members 8172:House of Representatives 8001:Secretary of Agriculture 5427:"Henry Clay (1825–1829)" 4283:"Constitution Annotated" 4218: 4034:Speaker's office in the 4011:to enforce House rules. 3891:leader of the opposition 3483:Robert M. T. Hunter 2997:Nathaniel Prentice Banks 2900:United States portal 2412:Northern Mariana Islands 1760:House of Representatives 1071:continuity of government 682:, commonly known as the 642:United States portal 260:This article is part of 154:House of Representatives 10295:Washington at Princeton 10239:Apotheosis of Democracy 9659:Congressional Quarterly 9348:Executive communication 9338:Blue slip (U.S. Senate) 9295:Suspension of the rules 8821:Native American members 8247:By shortness of service 6972:Zelizer. Julian E. ed. 5502:The Journal of Politics 4920:The Wall Street Journal 4632:CRS Report for Congress 4597:. Heritage Foundation. 4365:CRS Report for Congress 4320:CRS Report for Congress 4152:'s presidency, Speaker 3940:over budget issues and 3873:meeting with President 3521:Robert Charles Winthrop 3039:Progressive Republicans 2629:Individualist anarchism 1801:Congressional districts 950:Oath Administration Act 556:Articles of impeachment 415:Congressional districts 186:; 235 years ago 176:, article I, § 2, cl. 5 170:Constituting instrument 10462:Webster Page Residence 10437:House Recording Studio 10281:Revolutionary War Door 10042:Register of Copyrights 9623:Biographical Directory 9092:"Necessary and Proper" 8632:Policy Committee Chair 8610:Policy Committee Chair 8161:United States Congress 8080:Secretary of Education 5348:Peart, Daniel (2021). 4107:Twenty-fifth Amendment 4043: 4005:Committee of the Whole 3989:during long recesses. 3968: 3882: 3132:Multi-ballot elections 3003:of Kentucky, and then 2766:Diplomatic missions of 2644:Political polarization 2114:Presidential elections 1738:United States Congress 1682: 1617:2022 midterm elections 1605:2018 midterm elections 1599: 1531: 1437: 1415: 1356: 1274: 1263: 1055:Separately, a speaker 1052: 863: 594:House office buildings 477:Committee of the Whole 469:Politics and procedure 428:Huntington–Hill method 284: 9787:Technology Assessment 9208:Dear Colleague letter 9203:Continuing resolution 9198:Concurrent resolution 8677:Republican Conference 8617:Republican Conference 8578:President pro tempore 8310:Born outside the U.S. 8011:Secretary of Commerce 7809:Democratic-Republican 6944:The Federalist Papers 6727:. February 22, 2019. 5174:McCulloch v. Maryland 4738:constitution.laws.com 4077:Appoints the House's 4038:, during the term of 4033: 3959: 3868: 3821:Democratic-Republican 3377:Democratic-Republican 3339:Democratic-Republican 3301:Democratic-Republican 3293:Joseph Bradley Varnum 3263:Democratic-Republican 3043:House Rules Committee 1841:President Pro Tempore 1681: 1642:on October 25, 2023. 1590: 1519: 1479:Contract with America 1446:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1432: 1410: 1370:John Griffin Carlisle 1351: 1269: 1258: 1040: 1004:McCulloch v. Maryland 919:Article I, Section VI 859: 700:Article I, Section II 588:United States Capitol 405:Republican Conference 282: 129:United States Capitol 10351:Mountains and Clouds 10107:Congressional Record 9964:Floor Services Chief 9851:Law Revision Counsel 9602:Continental Congress 9097:Power of enforcement 9060:Contempt of Congress 8963:From multiple states 8916:Mormon (LDS) members 8724:Congressional caucus 8368:Served a single term 8300:Expelled or censured 8242:By length of service 7971:Secretary of Defense 7768: (2023–present) 6987:"Capitol Questions." 6811:. Washington, D.C.: 6761:. Washington, D.C.: 6628:. Washington, D.C.: 6340:Brown, Carrie Budoff 5859:. September 30, 2023 5573:(January 23, 2007). 5220:Brent D. Griffiths, 5208:, Rule I, Section 8. 5120:NLRB v. Noel Canning 5079:NLRB v. Noel Canning 4634:. Washington, D.C.: 4374:on February 12, 2019 4322:. Washington, D.C.: 4200:United States portal 3895:Thomas Brackett Reed 3844:Joseph Gurney Cannon 3673:Frederick H. Gillett 3506:December 14–16, 1839 3354:November 13–15, 1820 3179:Frederick Muhlenberg 3101:2022 House elections 3035:Frederick H. Gillett 2770:in the United States 2510:Political ideologies 2134:Presidential primary 1631:House Freedom Caucus 1420:Joseph Gurney Cannon 1412:Joseph Gurney Cannon 1393:Thomas Brackett Reed 1386:Joseph Gurney Cannon 1382:Thomas Brackett Reed 1353:Thomas Brackett Reed 1279:Frederick Muhlenberg 1260:Frederick Muhlenberg 1177:improve this article 1067:September 11 attacks 980:NLRB v. Noel Canning 962:NLRB v. Noel Canning 915:Ineligibility Clause 871:Article I, Section I 776:. In practice, each 684:speaker of the House 364:Speaker of the House 291:History of the House 203:Frederick Muhlenberg 10375:Building Commission 9856:Legislative Counsel 9777:Library of Congress 9738:Comptroller General 9728:Congressional staff 9413:Senatorial courtesy 8802:Hispanic Conference 8217:Members and leaders 8067:Secretary of Energy 7815:National Republican 7797:Anti-Administration 6879:Garraty, John, ed. 6851:The Washington Post 6817:Library of Congress 6767:Library of Congress 6634:Library of Congress 6536:. January 6, 2015. 6435:(January 5, 2011). 6131:. December 14, 2022 6048:The Washington Post 5031:, pp. 555–556. 4949:. pp. 3–4, 7–8 4818:Paul Leicester Ford 4677:The Washington Post 4640:Library of Congress 4328:Library of Congress 3877:and Vice President 3772:October 17–25, 2023 3582:December 3–22, 1849 3415:National Republican 3187:Anti-Administration 3118:removed from office 3020:William N. H. Smith 2912:Politics portal 2747:Department of State 2422:U.S. Virgin Islands 1596:removed from office 1397:disappearing quorum 902:) do not perform. 564:Self-executing rule 270:United States House 53:Seal of the speaker 10447:Old Senate Chamber 10313:VP Bust Collection 10137:United States Code 10069:Jefferson Building 9762:Cap. Guide Service 9629:Divided government 9546:Seal of the Senate 9510:Select and special 9475:Discharge petition 9428:Tie-breaking votes 9393:Recess appointment 9333:Advice and consent 9213:Discharge petition 9156:Appropriation bill 9065:Declaration of war 8257:Non-voting members 8105:Alejandro Mayorkas 8021:Secretary of Labor 7951:Secretary of State 7791:Pro-Administration 6923:Remini, Robert V. 6886:Green, Matthew N. 6469:. April 23, 2017. 6342:(March 20, 2010). 6266:. October 25, 2023 6240:on October 3, 2023 6234:The New York Times 6182:The New York Times 6099:The New York Times 5963:. October 25, 2023 5798:The New York Times 5613:The New York Times 5477:on August 25, 2005 5274:(October 3, 2023). 5228:(October 3, 2023). 5149:Marbury v. Madison 4561:The New York Times 4166:Nelson Rockefeller 4044: 3994:rules of the House 3969: 3883: 3848:Theodore Roosevelt 3696:December 3–5, 1923 3635:William Pennington 3597:Nathaniel P. Banks 3392:December 3–4, 1821 3138:American Civil War 3060:and Majority Whip 3024:William Pennington 2754:Secretary of State 2124:Off-year elections 2106:National Elections 1813:Non-voting members 1691:Federal government 1683: 1627:removed as speaker 1600: 1532: 1438: 1424:Nicholas Longworth 1416: 1376:, and Republicans 1362:Committee on Rules 1357: 1275: 1264: 1053: 998:Marbury v. Madison 957:U.S. Supreme Court 767:a general election 527:Origination Clause 285: 272:of Representatives 231:$ 223,500 annually 184:March 4, 1789 10504: 10503: 10500: 10499: 10496: 10495: 10413: 10412: 10217:Statue of Freedom 10181:Statue of Freedom 10160:Brumidi Corridors 10132:Statutes at Large 10086:Publishing Office 10009: 10008: 9869: 9868: 9692: 9691: 9688: 9687: 9642: 9641: 9590:election disputes 9578:speaker elections 9541:Mace of the House 9388:Presiding Officer 9353:Executive session 9300:Unanimous consent 9260:Multiple referral 9245:Lame-duck session 9015: 9014: 9011: 9010: 8941: 8940: 8741:Ethnic and racial 8685: 8684: 8672:Democratic Caucus 8595:Democratic Caucus 8547: 8546: 8127: 8126: 8072:Jennifer Granholm 7876: 7875: 7732: (2019–2023) 7722: (2015–2019) 7712: (2011–2015) 7702: (2007–2011) 7692: (1999–2007) 7682: (1995–1999) 7672: (1989–1995) 7662: (1987–1989) 7652: (1977–1987) 7642: (1971–1977) 7632: (1962–1971) 7622: (1955–1961) 7612: (1953–1955) 7602: (1949–1953) 7592: (1947–1949) 7582: (1940–1947) 7572: (1936–1940) 7562: (1935–1936) 7552: (1933–1934) 7542: (1931–1933) 7532: (1925–1931) 7522: (1919–1925) 7512: (1911–1919) 7502: (1903–1911) 7492: (1899–1903) 7482: (1895–1899) 7472: (1891–1895) 7462: (1889–1891) 7452: (1883–1889) 7442: (1881–1883) 7432: (1876–1881) 7422: (1875–1876) 7412: (1869–1875) 7392: (1863–1869) 7382: (1861–1863) 7372: (1860–1861) 7362: (1857–1859) 7352: (1856–1857) 7342: (1851–1855) 7332: (1849–1851) 7322: (1847–1849) 7312: (1845–1847) 7302: (1843–1845) 7292: (1841–1843) 7282: (1839–1841) 7272: (1835–1839) 7259: (1834–1835) 7249: (1827–1834) 7239: (1825–1827) 7229: (1823–1825) 7219: (1821–1823) 7209: (1820–1821) 7199: (1815–1820) 7189: (1814–1815) 7179: (1811–1814) 7169: (1807–1811) 7159: (1801–1807) 7149: (1799–1801) 7139: (1795–1799) 7129: (1793–1795) 7119: (1791–1793) 7109: (1789–1791) 7059: 7058: 7044:Succeeded by 6939:Rossiter, Clinton 6664:history.house.gov 5833:. January 6, 2023 5497:Jones, Charles O. 5323:history.house.gov 4857:Law & Liberty 4708:history.house.gov 4257:history.house.gov 4144:, Vice President 3952:Presiding officer 3879:George H. W. Bush 3828:John Quincy Adams 3777: 3776: 3734:January 3–7, 2023 3369:Philip P. Barbour 3217:Theodore Sedgwick 3165:Election date(s) 3001:Humphrey Marshall 2949: 2948: 2788:Visa requirements 2740:Foreign relations 2639:Political culture 2579:Constitutionalism 2457:Political parties 2442:List of Elections 2129:Primary elections 2119:Midterm elections 2041:Courts of appeals 1669: 1646:Notable elections 1492:, leading to the 1457:John W. McCormack 1366:Samuel J. Randall 1330:John Quincy Adams 1322:Electoral College 1253: 1252: 1245: 1227: 1137:joint resolutions 1129:joint resolutions 1044:acted as speaker 847:speaker elections 730:and ahead of the 704:U.S. Constitution 692:presiding officer 676: 675: 543:Unanimous consent 400:Democratic Caucus 378:list of elections 255: 254: 117:Presiding officer 16:(Redirected from 10534: 10330: 10329: 10147:Capitol Building 10121:U.S. Gov. Manual 10074:Madison Building 10037:Copyright Office 10001:Sergeant at Arms 9959:Floor Operations 9878: 9877: 9800: 9799: 9716: 9715: 9698: 9697: 9561: 9560: 9378:Morning business 9265:House procedures 9228:Joint resolution 9032: 9031: 9021: 9020: 8901:Buddhist members 8720: 8719: 8556: 8555: 8378:Switched parties 8325:Switched parties 8262:Unseated members 8252:Youngest members 8232: 8231: 8225: 8224: 8212: 8211: 8154: 8147: 8140: 8131: 8130: 8120:act as president 8118:* Ineligible to 8108: 8075: 8052: 8029: 7981:Attorney General 7903: 7896: 7889: 7880: 7879: 7865: 7864: 7854: 7853: 7844: 7838: 7832: 7826: 7820: 7814: 7808: 7802: 7796: 7790: 7779: 7778: 7763: 7747: 7737: 7727: 7717: 7707: 7697: 7687: 7677: 7667: 7657: 7647: 7637: 7627: 7617: 7607: 7597: 7587: 7577: 7567: 7557: 7547: 7537: 7527: 7517: 7507: 7497: 7487: 7477: 7467: 7457: 7447: 7437: 7427: 7417: 7407: 7397: 7387: 7377: 7367: 7357: 7347: 7337: 7327: 7317: 7307: 7297: 7287: 7277: 7267: 7264: 7254: 7244: 7234: 7224: 7214: 7204: 7194: 7184: 7174: 7164: 7154: 7144: 7134: 7124: 7114: 7104: 7085: 7078: 7071: 7062: 7061: 7054: 7035: 7025:Preceded by 7015: 7014: 6962: 6930:Rohde, David W. 6920: 6918: 6916: 6907: 6893:Grossman, Mark. 6867: 6866: 6864: 6862: 6842: 6836: 6835: 6833: 6831: 6825: 6819:. pp. 4–6. 6806: 6797: 6786: 6785: 6783: 6781: 6775: 6756: 6747: 6741: 6740: 6738: 6736: 6717: 6711: 6710: 6708: 6706: 6689:Forte, David F. 6686: 6680: 6679: 6677: 6675: 6656: 6650: 6649: 6647: 6645: 6617: 6606: 6605: 6603: 6601: 6582: 6576: 6570: 6564: 6563: 6556: 6550: 6549: 6547: 6545: 6535: 6527: 6521: 6508: 6502: 6489: 6483: 6482: 6480: 6478: 6459: 6453: 6452: 6450: 6448: 6433:Hurst, Steven R. 6429: 6423: 6422: 6420: 6418: 6398: 6392: 6391: 6389: 6387: 6372: 6366: 6365: 6363: 6361: 6332: 6326: 6325: 6318: 6312: 6311: 6304: 6298: 6297: 6295: 6293: 6282: 6276: 6275: 6273: 6271: 6256: 6250: 6249: 6247: 6245: 6236:. 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Crisp 1324:majority in the 1248: 1241: 1237: 1234: 1228: 1226: 1185: 1161: 1153: 1098:motion to vacate 1010: 896:Sergeant at Arms 890:General Counsel 865:Noting that the 668: 661: 654: 640: 639: 638: 569:Rules suspension 373:list of speakers 257: 256: 247: 244: 242: 194: 192: 187: 133:Washington, D.C. 65: 51: 39: 38: 21: 10542: 10541: 10537: 10536: 10535: 10533: 10532: 10531: 10507: 10506: 10505: 10492: 10471: 10419: 10409: 10363: 10324: 10317: 10194:Hall of Columns 10141: 10085: 10078: 10016: 10005: 9986:Parliamentarian 9927: 9918:Parliamentarian 9865: 9824: 9791: 9720: 9710: 9703:Capitol Complex 9684: 9638: 9634:Party divisions 9550: 9524: 9442: 9326:Senate-specific 9321: 9176:Closed sessions 9144:Act of Congress 9132: 9106: 9102:Taxing/spending 9026: 9007: 8998:Party switchers 8967:Died in office 8937: 8889: 8873: 8842:Equality Caucus 8825: 8797:Hispanic Caucus 8736: 8711: 8681: 8638: 8543: 8387: 8329: 8266: 8219: 8206: 8163: 8158: 8128: 8123: 8112: 8103: 8094:Denis McDonough 8070: 8049:Adrianne Todman 8047: 8024: 7985:Merrick Garland 7912: 7907: 7877: 7872: 7842: 7836: 7830: 7824: 7818: 7812: 7806: 7800: 7794: 7788: 7780: 7776: 7771: 7761: 7745: 7735: 7725: 7715: 7705: 7695: 7685: 7675: 7665: 7655: 7645: 7635: 7625: 7615: 7605: 7595: 7585: 7575: 7565: 7555: 7545: 7535: 7525: 7515: 7505: 7495: 7485: 7475: 7465: 7455: 7445: 7435: 7425: 7415: 7405: 7395: 7385: 7375: 7365: 7355: 7345: 7335: 7325: 7315: 7305: 7295: 7285: 7275: 7265: 7262: 7252: 7242: 7232: 7222: 7212: 7202: 7192: 7182: 7172: 7162: 7152: 7142: 7132: 7122: 7112: 7102: 7094: 7089: 7055: 7050: 7049: 7036: 7031: 7030: 7005:Wilson, Woodrow 6983: 6959: 6949:Signet Classics 6914: 6912: 6905: 6876: 6871: 6870: 6860: 6858: 6843: 6839: 6829: 6827: 6823: 6804: 6798: 6789: 6779: 6777: 6773: 6754: 6748: 6744: 6734: 6732: 6719: 6718: 6714: 6704: 6702: 6687: 6683: 6673: 6671: 6658: 6657: 6653: 6643: 6641: 6618: 6609: 6599: 6597: 6583: 6579: 6571: 6567: 6558: 6557: 6553: 6543: 6541: 6533: 6529: 6528: 6524: 6518:Wayback Machine 6509: 6505: 6499:Wayback Machine 6490: 6486: 6476: 6474: 6461: 6460: 6456: 6446: 6444: 6443:on May 10, 2011 6430: 6426: 6416: 6414: 6399: 6395: 6385: 6383: 6373: 6369: 6359: 6357: 6333: 6329: 6320: 6319: 6315: 6306: 6305: 6301: 6291: 6289: 6284: 6283: 6279: 6269: 6267: 6264:Washington Post 6258: 6257: 6253: 6243: 6241: 6226: 6222: 6212: 6210: 6200: 6196: 6186: 6184: 6174: 6170: 6160: 6158: 6148: 6144: 6134: 6132: 6123: 6122: 6118: 6108: 6106: 6091: 6087: 6081:Wayback Machine 6072: 6068: 6058: 6056: 6039: 6035: 6025: 6023: 6006: 6002: 5993: 5989: 5980: 5976: 5966: 5964: 5955: 5954: 5950: 5940: 5938: 5928: 5924: 5914: 5912: 5902: 5898: 5888: 5886: 5876: 5872: 5862: 5860: 5851: 5850: 5846: 5836: 5834: 5825: 5824: 5820: 5810: 5808: 5790: 5786: 5776: 5774: 5762: 5758: 5748: 5746: 5734: 5730: 5720: 5718: 5710:The Denver Post 5701: 5697: 5687: 5685: 5668: 5664: 5654: 5652: 5637: 5633: 5623: 5621: 5602: 5598: 5588: 5586: 5579:The White House 5571:Bush, George W. 5568: 5564: 5554: 5552: 5551:on July 1, 2007 5543: 5542: 5538: 5515:10.2307/2128798 5494: 5490: 5480: 5478: 5467: 5463: 5454: 5450: 5440: 5438: 5431:U.S. Presidents 5425: 5424: 5420: 5415:Wayback Machine 5405: 5401: 5391: 5389: 5346: 5342: 5332: 5330: 5317: 5316: 5312: 5302: 5298: 5289: 5278: 5265: 5250: 5236: 5232: 5219: 5212: 5201: 5192: 5171: 5167: 5146: 5142: 5117: 5113: 5105: 5101: 5076: 5072: 5054: 5039: 5035: 5027: 5023: 5013: 5011: 5009:National Review 5001: 4997: 4989: 4985: 4975: 4973: 4966: 4962: 4952: 4950: 4939: 4935: 4925: 4923: 4912: 4899: 4889: 4887: 4876: 4872: 4862: 4860: 4849: 4836: 4828: 4824: 4810: 4806: 4796: 4794: 4787: 4783: 4773: 4771: 4762: 4761: 4757: 4747: 4745: 4732: 4731: 4727: 4717: 4715: 4702: 4701: 4697: 4687: 4685: 4666: 4662: 4652: 4650: 4646: 4627: 4621: 4614: 4604: 4602: 4587: 4583: 4573: 4571: 4563:. pp. A1. 4553: 4549: 4539: 4537: 4525: 4521: 4511: 4509: 4499: 4495: 4482: 4480: 4476: 4465: 4459: 4452: 4440: 4436: 4435: 4431: 4421: 4419: 4408: 4404: 4396: 4387: 4377: 4375: 4371: 4360: 4354: 4350: 4340: 4338: 4334: 4315: 4309: 4302: 4292: 4290: 4281: 4280: 4276: 4266: 4264: 4251: 4250: 4246: 4241: 4236: 4235: 4230: 4226: 4221: 4198: 4193: 4191: 4186:Politics portal 4184: 4177: 4174: 4079:parliamentarian 4028: 4026:Other functions 3954: 3798:Rules committee 3782: 3747: 3746: 3709: 3708: 3671: 3670: 3633: 3632: 3595: 3594: 3557: 3556: 3519: 3518: 3481: 3480: 3443: 3442: 3405: 3404: 3367: 3366: 3329: 3328: 3291: 3290: 3255:Nathaniel Macon 3253: 3252: 3215: 3214: 3193:PA at-large 3177: 3176: 3161: 3149:Person elected 3146:Congress 3134: 3005:Henry M. Fuller 2987:), and simply " 2945: 2916: 2904: 2894: 2892: 2884: 2883: 2835: 2817: 2797: 2778:Nationality law 2774: 2762: 2742: 2732: 2731: 2704: 2659: 2649: 2648: 2635: 2570: 2512: 2502: 2501: 2493: 2473: 2459: 2449: 2448: 2436: 2426: 2148: 2140: 2110: 2101: 2091: 2090: 2085:Other tribunals 2080: 2046:District courts 2028: 1963: 1953: 1952: 1934: 1930:Merrick Garland 1882: 1872: 1871: 1866:Mitch McConnell 1863:Minority Leader 1852:Majority Leader 1817: 1793:Hakeem Jeffries 1790:Minority Leader 1779:Majority Leader 1755: 1732: 1722: 1721: 1693: 1670: 1654: 1648: 1640:elected speaker 1598:in October 2023 1514: 1405: 1378:James G. Blaine 1318:American System 1306: 1249: 1238: 1232: 1229: 1186: 1184: 1174: 1162: 1151: 1102:Patrick McHenry 1081:." The speaker 1042:Patrick McHenry 1020: 1008: 882:created by the 835: 797:James Traficant 759: 672: 636: 634: 627: 626: 573: 552: 536: 520: 499: 462: 458:Plural district 446: 409: 388: 383: 360: 357: 356: 339:Hill committees 329: 328: 306:Current members 271: 239: 190: 188: 185: 108: 76: 74: 73: 69: 66: 54: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10540: 10530: 10529: 10524: 10519: 10502: 10501: 10498: 10497: 10494: 10493: 10491: 10490: 10485: 10479: 10477: 10473: 10472: 10470: 10469: 10464: 10459: 10454: 10449: 10444: 10442:Senate chamber 10439: 10434: 10429: 10427:Botanic Garden 10423: 10421: 10415: 10414: 10411: 10410: 10408: 10407: 10402: 10397: 10392: 10387: 10382: 10380:office lottery 10377: 10371: 10369: 10365: 10364: 10362: 10361: 10356: 10355: 10354: 10342: 10336: 10334: 10327: 10319: 10318: 10316: 10315: 10310: 10305: 10298: 10291: 10288:Columbus Doors 10284: 10277: 10270: 10263: 10256: 10249: 10242: 10235: 10228: 10220: 10213: 10206: 10204:Visitor Center 10201: 10196: 10191: 10186: 10185: 10184: 10172: 10167: 10162: 10157: 10151: 10149: 10143: 10142: 10140: 10139: 10134: 10129: 10124: 10117: 10110: 10103: 10096: 10094:Public Printer 10090: 10088: 10080: 10079: 10077: 10076: 10071: 10066: 10064:Adams Building 10061: 10056: 10051: 10046: 10045: 10044: 10034: 10033: 10032: 10021: 10019: 10011: 10010: 10007: 10006: 10004: 10003: 9998: 9993: 9988: 9983: 9982: 9981: 9971: 9966: 9961: 9956: 9951: 9946: 9941: 9935: 9933: 9929: 9928: 9926: 9925: 9920: 9915: 9910: 9905: 9900: 9895: 9890: 9884: 9882: 9875: 9871: 9870: 9867: 9866: 9864: 9863: 9858: 9853: 9848: 9843: 9838: 9832: 9830: 9826: 9825: 9823: 9822: 9817: 9812: 9806: 9804: 9797: 9793: 9792: 9790: 9789: 9784: 9779: 9774: 9769: 9764: 9759: 9758: 9757: 9747: 9742: 9741: 9740: 9730: 9724: 9722: 9712: 9711: 9694: 9693: 9690: 9689: 9686: 9685: 9683: 9682: 9675: 9668: 9661: 9656: 9650: 9648: 9644: 9643: 9640: 9639: 9637: 9636: 9631: 9626: 9619: 9614: 9609: 9604: 9599: 9598: 9597: 9592: 9585:Senate history 9582: 9581: 9580: 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8990: 8989: 8988: 8983: 8978: 8973: 8965: 8960: 8955: 8949: 8947: 8943: 8942: 8939: 8938: 8936: 8935: 8928: 8926:Quaker members 8923: 8921:Muslim members 8918: 8913: 8911:Jewish members 8908: 8903: 8897: 8895: 8891: 8890: 8888: 8887: 8881: 8879: 8875: 8874: 8872: 8871: 8870: 8869: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8846: 8845: 8844: 8833: 8831: 8827: 8826: 8824: 8823: 8818: 8817: 8816: 8809:Jewish members 8806: 8805: 8804: 8799: 8794: 8784: 8783: 8782: 8772: 8767: 8766: 8765: 8760: 8755: 8744: 8742: 8738: 8737: 8735: 8734: 8728: 8726: 8717: 8713: 8712: 8710: 8709: 8707:Gerrymandering 8704: 8699: 8693: 8691: 8687: 8686: 8683: 8682: 8680: 8679: 8674: 8669: 8664: 8659: 8658: 8657: 8646: 8644: 8640: 8639: 8637: 8636: 8635: 8634: 8629: 8624: 8614: 8613: 8612: 8607: 8602: 8592: 8587: 8586: 8585: 8575: 8574: 8573: 8562: 8560: 8553: 8549: 8548: 8545: 8544: 8542: 8541: 8536: 8531: 8526: 8521: 8516: 8511: 8506: 8501: 8496: 8491: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8461: 8456: 8451: 8446: 8441: 8436: 8431: 8426: 8421: 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7463: 7453: 7443: 7433: 7423: 7413: 7403: 7393: 7383: 7373: 7363: 7353: 7343: 7333: 7323: 7313: 7303: 7293: 7283: 7273: 7260: 7250: 7240: 7230: 7220: 7210: 7200: 7190: 7180: 7170: 7160: 7150: 7140: 7130: 7120: 7110: 7099: 7096: 7095: 7088: 7087: 7080: 7073: 7065: 7057: 7056: 7045: 7042: 7037: 7028:Vice President 7026: 7022: 7021: 7013: 7012: 7002: 6996: 6990: 6982: 6981:External links 6979: 6978: 6977: 6970: 6963: 6957: 6941:, ed. (2003). 6935: 6928: 6921: 6898: 6891: 6884: 6875: 6872: 6869: 6868: 6837: 6787: 6742: 6712: 6681: 6651: 6607: 6577: 6565: 6551: 6522: 6503: 6484: 6454: 6424: 6393: 6367: 6327: 6313: 6299: 6277: 6251: 6220: 6194: 6168: 6142: 6116: 6085: 6066: 6033: 6000: 5994:Allan Nevins. 5987: 5981:Allan Nevins. 5974: 5948: 5922: 5896: 5870: 5844: 5818: 5784: 5756: 5728: 5695: 5662: 5631: 5596: 5585:on May 2, 2013 5562: 5536: 5509:(3): 617–646. 5488: 5461: 5448: 5418: 5399: 5340: 5310: 5305:House Practice 5296: 5290:Kyle Stewart, 5276: 5248: 5244:108th Congress 5239:House Practice 5230: 5210: 5206:118th Congress 5190: 5165: 5140: 5111: 5109:, p. 552. 5099: 5070: 5033: 5021: 4995: 4993:, p. 545. 4983: 4960: 4933: 4897: 4870: 4859:. Liberty Fund 4834: 4832:, p. 542. 4822: 4804: 4781: 4755: 4725: 4695: 4660: 4612: 4581: 4547: 4519: 4493: 4450: 4429: 4402: 4400:, p. 543. 4385: 4348: 4300: 4274: 4243: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4234: 4233: 4223: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4216: 4215: 4210: 4204: 4203: 4189: 4173: 4170: 4111: 4110: 4095: 4092: 4089: 4086: 4075: 4068: 4040:Dennis Hastert 4027: 4024: 3987:enrolled bills 3953: 3950: 3926:George W. Bush 3817:George W. Bush 3813:Dennis Hastert 3781: 3778: 3775: 3774: 3769: 3766: 3759: 3754: 3743: 3737: 3736: 3731: 3728: 3721: 3716: 3711:Kevin McCarthy 3705: 3699: 3698: 3693: 3690: 3683: 3678: 3667: 3661: 3660: 3655: 3652: 3645: 3640: 3629: 3623: 3622: 3617: 3614: 3607: 3602: 3591: 3585: 3584: 3579: 3576: 3569: 3564: 3553: 3547: 3546: 3541: 3538: 3531: 3526: 3515: 3509: 3508: 3503: 3500: 3493: 3488: 3477: 3471: 3470: 3465: 3462: 3455: 3450: 3439: 3433: 3432: 3427: 3424: 3417: 3412: 3407:John W. Taylor 3401: 3395: 3394: 3389: 3386: 3379: 3374: 3363: 3357: 3356: 3351: 3348: 3341: 3336: 3331:John W. Taylor 3325: 3319: 3318: 3313: 3310: 3303: 3298: 3287: 3281: 3280: 3275: 3272: 3265: 3260: 3249: 3243: 3242: 3237: 3234: 3227: 3222: 3211: 3205: 3204: 3199: 3196: 3189: 3184: 3173: 3167: 3166: 3163: 3156: 3153: 3150: 3147: 3133: 3130: 3105:Kevin McCarthy 3083:Dennis Hastert 3070:Bob Livingston 2961:Broad Seal War 2959:known as the " 2947: 2946: 2944: 2943: 2936: 2929: 2921: 2918: 2917: 2915: 2914: 2902: 2889: 2886: 2885: 2882: 2881: 2876: 2871: 2869:European Union 2866: 2864:United Kingdom 2861: 2856: 2851: 2846: 2841: 2834: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2816: 2815: 2814: 2813: 2808: 2796: 2795: 2790: 2785: 2780: 2773: 2772: 2761: 2760: 2758:Antony Blinken 2750: 2749: 2743: 2738: 2737: 2734: 2733: 2730: 2729: 2727:Superior Court 2724: 2719: 2713: 2712: 2703: 2702: 2696: 2695: 2690: 2680: 2674: 2673: 2660: 2655: 2654: 2651: 2650: 2647: 2646: 2641: 2634: 2633: 2632: 2631: 2626: 2616: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2594:Libertarianism 2591: 2586: 2581: 2576: 2569: 2568: 2567: 2566: 2561: 2551: 2550: 2549: 2547:Traditionalist 2544: 2539: 2534: 2529: 2524: 2513: 2508: 2507: 2504: 2503: 2500: 2499: 2492: 2491: 2490: 2489: 2484: 2472: 2471: 2466: 2460: 2455: 2454: 2451: 2450: 2447: 2446: 2435: 2434: 2425: 2424: 2419: 2414: 2409: 2404: 2402:American Samoa 2399: 2394: 2389: 2384: 2379: 2374: 2369: 2364: 2359: 2354: 2349: 2347:South Carolina 2344: 2339: 2334: 2329: 2324: 2319: 2314: 2312:North Carolina 2309: 2304: 2299: 2294: 2289: 2284: 2279: 2274: 2269: 2264: 2259: 2254: 2249: 2244: 2239: 2234: 2229: 2224: 2219: 2214: 2209: 2204: 2199: 2194: 2189: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2169: 2164: 2159: 2154: 2147: 2146: 2139: 2138: 2137: 2136: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2109: 2108: 2102: 2097: 2096: 2093: 2092: 2089: 2088: 2079: 2078: 2073: 2068: 2063: 2058: 2053: 2043: 2037: 2036: 2027: 2026: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2005: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1989: 1983: 1982: 1973: 1972: 1964: 1959: 1958: 1955: 1954: 1951: 1950: 1945: 1940: 1933: 1932: 1926: 1925: 1917: 1916: 1909: 1908: 1900: 1899: 1892: 1891: 1883: 1878: 1877: 1874: 1873: 1870: 1869: 1859: 1858: 1848: 1847: 1837: 1836: 1826: 1825: 1816: 1815: 1809: 1808: 1797: 1796: 1786: 1785: 1775: 1774: 1764: 1763: 1742: 1741: 1733: 1728: 1727: 1724: 1723: 1720: 1719: 1714: 1709: 1703: 1702: 1694: 1689: 1688: 1685: 1684: 1674: 1673: 1663: 1662: 1647: 1644: 1623:Kevin McCarthy 1613:116th Congress 1592:Kevin McCarthy 1578:appropriations 1561:112th Congress 1525:George W. Bush 1513: 1510: 1506:George W. Bush 1504:and President 1498:Dennis Hastert 1404: 1401: 1334:Andrew Jackson 1305: 1302: 1251: 1250: 1165: 1163: 1156: 1150: 1147: 1125:enrolled bills 1092:Following the 1085:is not in the 1019: 1013: 934:oath of office 867:Vesting Clause 834: 831: 808:107th Congress 804:Dennis Hastert 774:roll call vote 758: 755: 728:vice president 674: 673: 671: 670: 663: 656: 648: 645: 644: 631: 630: 629: 628: 625: 624: 618: 613: 608: 603: 596: 592: 590: 582: 581: 577: 576: 575: 574: 572: 571: 566: 560: 558: 553: 551: 550: 545: 539: 537: 535: 534: 529: 523: 521: 519: 518: 513: 502: 500: 498: 497: 492: 485:Closed session 481: 479: 471: 470: 466: 465: 464: 463: 461: 460: 455: 453:General ticket 449: 447: 445: 444: 442:Gerrymandering 439: 433: 431: 418: 417: 411: 410: 408: 407: 402: 396: 395: 394: 387: 386: 385: 384: 382: 381: 375: 368: 359: 358: 355: 354: 348: 341: 337: 335: 333:Former members 330: 327: 326: 320: 315: 308: 304: 299: 298: 294: 293: 287: 286: 275: 274: 266: 265: 253: 252: 249: 248: 237: 233: 232: 229: 225: 224: 210: 206: 205: 200: 196: 195: 182: 178: 177: 171: 167: 166: 163: 157: 156: 151: 147: 146: 140: 136: 135: 126: 120: 119: 114: 110: 109: 107: 106: 100: 97: 93: 91: 85: 84: 78: 77: 67: 60: 59: 56: 55: 52: 44: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10539: 10528: 10525: 10523: 10520: 10518: 10515: 10514: 10512: 10489: 10486: 10484: 10481: 10480: 10478: 10474: 10468: 10465: 10463: 10460: 10458: 10455: 10453: 10450: 10448: 10445: 10443: 10440: 10438: 10435: 10433: 10430: 10428: 10425: 10424: 10422: 10416: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10398: 10396: 10393: 10391: 10388: 10386: 10383: 10381: 10378: 10376: 10373: 10372: 10370: 10366: 10360: 10357: 10353: 10352: 10348: 10347: 10346: 10343: 10341: 10338: 10337: 10335: 10331: 10328: 10326: 10320: 10314: 10311: 10309: 10306: 10304: 10303: 10299: 10297: 10296: 10292: 10290: 10289: 10285: 10283: 10282: 10278: 10276: 10275: 10271: 10269: 10268: 10264: 10262: 10261: 10257: 10255: 10254: 10250: 10248: 10247: 10243: 10241: 10240: 10236: 10234: 10233: 10229: 10227: 10225: 10221: 10219: 10218: 10214: 10212: 10211: 10207: 10205: 10202: 10200: 10199:Statuary Hall 10197: 10195: 10192: 10190: 10187: 10183: 10182: 10178: 10177: 10176: 10173: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10152: 10150: 10148: 10144: 10138: 10135: 10133: 10130: 10128: 10125: 10123: 10122: 10118: 10116: 10115: 10111: 10109: 10108: 10104: 10102: 10101: 10097: 10095: 10092: 10091: 10089: 10087: 10081: 10075: 10072: 10070: 10067: 10065: 10062: 10060: 10057: 10055: 10054:Poet Laureate 10052: 10050: 10047: 10043: 10040: 10039: 10038: 10035: 10031: 10028: 10027: 10026: 10023: 10022: 10020: 10018: 10012: 10002: 9999: 9997: 9996:Reading Clerk 9994: 9992: 9989: 9987: 9984: 9980: 9977: 9976: 9975: 9972: 9970: 9967: 9965: 9962: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9950: 9947: 9945: 9942: 9940: 9937: 9936: 9934: 9930: 9924: 9921: 9919: 9916: 9914: 9911: 9909: 9906: 9904: 9901: 9899: 9896: 9894: 9891: 9889: 9886: 9885: 9883: 9879: 9876: 9872: 9862: 9859: 9857: 9854: 9852: 9849: 9847: 9844: 9842: 9839: 9837: 9836:Congr. Ethics 9834: 9833: 9831: 9827: 9821: 9818: 9816: 9813: 9811: 9808: 9807: 9805: 9801: 9798: 9794: 9788: 9785: 9783: 9780: 9778: 9775: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9763: 9760: 9756: 9753: 9752: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9739: 9736: 9735: 9734: 9731: 9729: 9726: 9725: 9723: 9717: 9713: 9708: 9704: 9699: 9695: 9681: 9680: 9676: 9674: 9673: 9669: 9667: 9666: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9651: 9649: 9645: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9625: 9624: 9620: 9618: 9615: 9613: 9610: 9608: 9605: 9603: 9600: 9596: 9593: 9591: 9588: 9587: 9586: 9583: 9579: 9576: 9574: 9571: 9570: 9569: 9568:House history 9566: 9565: 9562: 9559: 9557: 9553: 9547: 9544: 9542: 9539: 9537: 9534: 9533: 9531: 9527: 9521: 9520:Subcommittees 9518: 9516: 9513: 9511: 9508: 9506: 9505:List (Senate) 9503: 9501: 9498: 9496: 9493: 9491: 9488: 9486: 9483: 9481: 9478: 9476: 9473: 9471: 9468: 9466: 9463: 9461: 9457: 9454: 9453: 9451: 9449: 9445: 9439: 9438:Treaty Clause 9436: 9434: 9431: 9429: 9426: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9404: 9401: 9399: 9396: 9394: 9391: 9389: 9386: 9384: 9381: 9379: 9376: 9374: 9373: 9369: 9367: 9366: 9361: 9359: 9356: 9354: 9351: 9349: 9346: 9344: 9341: 9339: 9336: 9334: 9331: 9330: 9328: 9324: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9307: 9306: 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9281: 9278: 9276: 9273: 9271: 9268: 9266: 9263: 9261: 9258: 9256: 9253: 9251: 9248: 9246: 9243: 9239: 9236: 9235: 9234: 9233:Joint session 9231: 9229: 9226: 9224: 9221: 9219: 9218:Enrolled bill 9216: 9214: 9211: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9201: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9179: 9178: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9150: 9147: 9146: 9145: 9142: 9141: 9139: 9135: 9129: 9126: 9124: 9121: 9119: 9116: 9115: 9113: 9109: 9103: 9100: 9098: 9095: 9093: 9090: 9088: 9085: 9081: 9078: 9076: 9073: 9072: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9039: 9037: 9033: 9029: 9022: 9018: 9004: 9001: 8999: 8996: 8994: 8991: 8987: 8984: 8982: 8979: 8977: 8974: 8972: 8969: 8968: 8966: 8964: 8961: 8959: 8956: 8954: 8951: 8950: 8948: 8944: 8934: 8933: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8922: 8919: 8917: 8914: 8912: 8909: 8907: 8906:Hindu members 8904: 8902: 8899: 8898: 8896: 8892: 8886: 8883: 8882: 8880: 8876: 8868: 8867:current House 8865: 8863: 8862:Issues Caucus 8860: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8849: 8847: 8843: 8840: 8839: 8838: 8835: 8834: 8832: 8828: 8822: 8819: 8815: 8812: 8811: 8810: 8807: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8795: 8793: 8790: 8789: 8788: 8785: 8781: 8778: 8777: 8776: 8773: 8771: 8768: 8764: 8761: 8759: 8756: 8754: 8751: 8750: 8749: 8746: 8745: 8743: 8739: 8733: 8730: 8729: 8727: 8725: 8721: 8718: 8714: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8702:Apportionment 8700: 8698: 8695: 8694: 8692: 8688: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8656: 8653: 8652: 8651: 8648: 8647: 8645: 8641: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8619: 8618: 8615: 8611: 8608: 8606: 8603: 8601: 8598: 8597: 8596: 8593: 8591: 8588: 8584: 8581: 8580: 8579: 8576: 8572: 8569: 8568: 8567: 8564: 8563: 8561: 8557: 8554: 8550: 8540: 8537: 8535: 8532: 8530: 8527: 8525: 8522: 8520: 8517: 8515: 8512: 8510: 8507: 8505: 8502: 8500: 8497: 8495: 8492: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8460: 8457: 8455: 8452: 8450: 8447: 8445: 8442: 8440: 8437: 8435: 8432: 8430: 8427: 8425: 8422: 8420: 8417: 8415: 8412: 8410: 8407: 8405: 8402: 8400: 8397: 8396: 8394: 8390: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8347: 8344: 8343: 8342: 8339: 8338: 8336: 8332: 8326: 8323: 8321: 8318: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8301: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8284: 8281: 8280: 8279: 8276: 8275: 8273: 8269: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8239: 8237: 8233: 8230: 8226: 8222: 8218: 8213: 8209: 8203: 8200: 8197: 8194: → 8193: 8190: ← 8189: 8185: 8183: 8182:Joint session 8180: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8169: 8166: 8162: 8155: 8150: 8148: 8143: 8141: 8136: 8135: 8132: 8121: 8115: 8106: 8101: 8098: 8095: 8091: 8088: 8085: 8081: 8078: 8073: 8068: 8065: 8062: 8058: 8055: 8050: 8045: 8042: 8039: 8035: 8032: 8027: 8022: 8019: 8016: 8015:Gina Raimondo 8012: 8009: 8006: 8002: 7999: 7996: 7992: 7989: 7986: 7982: 7979: 7976: 7972: 7969: 7966: 7962: 7959: 7956: 7952: 7949: 7946: 7942: 7939: 7936: 7932: 7929: 7926: 7925:Kamala Harris 7922: 7919: 7918: 7915: 7911: 7904: 7899: 7897: 7892: 7890: 7885: 7884: 7881: 7869: 7860: 7858: 7849: 7848: 7841: 7835: 7829: 7823: 7817: 7811: 7805: 7799: 7793: 7787: 7786: 7783: 7767: 7760: 7757: 7754: (2023, 7753: 7752: 7744: 7741: 7734: 7731: 7724: 7721: 7714: 7711: 7704: 7701: 7694: 7691: 7684: 7681: 7674: 7671: 7664: 7661: 7654: 7651: 7644: 7641: 7634: 7631: 7624: 7621: 7614: 7611: 7604: 7601: 7594: 7591: 7584: 7581: 7574: 7571: 7564: 7561: 7554: 7551: 7544: 7541: 7534: 7531: 7524: 7521: 7514: 7511: 7504: 7501: 7494: 7491: 7484: 7481: 7474: 7471: 7464: 7461: 7454: 7451: 7444: 7441: 7434: 7431: 7424: 7421: 7414: 7411: 7404: 7401: 7394: 7391: 7384: 7381: 7374: 7371: 7364: 7361: 7354: 7351: 7344: 7341: 7334: 7331: 7324: 7321: 7314: 7311: 7304: 7301: 7294: 7291: 7284: 7281: 7274: 7271: 7261: 7258: 7251: 7248: 7241: 7238: 7231: 7228: 7221: 7218: 7211: 7208: 7201: 7198: 7191: 7188: 7181: 7178: 7171: 7168: 7161: 7158: 7151: 7148: 7141: 7138: 7131: 7128: 7121: 7118: 7111: 7108: 7101: 7100: 7097: 7093: 7086: 7081: 7079: 7074: 7072: 7067: 7066: 7063: 7053: 7048: 7041: 7034: 7033:Kamala Harris 7029: 7023: 7020: 7016: 7010: 7006: 7003: 7000: 6997: 6994: 6991: 6988: 6985: 6984: 6975: 6971: 6968: 6964: 6960: 6958:9780451528810 6954: 6950: 6946: 6945: 6940: 6936: 6933: 6929: 6926: 6922: 6911: 6904: 6899: 6896: 6892: 6889: 6885: 6882: 6878: 6877: 6856: 6852: 6848: 6841: 6822: 6818: 6814: 6810: 6803: 6796: 6794: 6792: 6772: 6768: 6764: 6760: 6753: 6746: 6730: 6726: 6722: 6716: 6700: 6696: 6692: 6685: 6669: 6665: 6661: 6655: 6639: 6635: 6631: 6627: 6623: 6616: 6614: 6612: 6595: 6591: 6587: 6581: 6574: 6569: 6561: 6555: 6539: 6532: 6526: 6519: 6515: 6512: 6507: 6500: 6496: 6493: 6488: 6472: 6468: 6464: 6458: 6442: 6438: 6434: 6428: 6412: 6408: 6404: 6397: 6382: 6378: 6371: 6355: 6351: 6350: 6345: 6341: 6337: 6336:Thrush, Glenn 6331: 6323: 6317: 6309: 6303: 6287: 6281: 6265: 6261: 6255: 6239: 6235: 6231: 6224: 6209: 6205: 6198: 6183: 6179: 6172: 6157: 6153: 6146: 6130: 6126: 6120: 6104: 6100: 6096: 6089: 6082: 6078: 6075: 6070: 6054: 6050: 6049: 6044: 6037: 6021: 6017: 6016: 6011: 6004: 5997: 5991: 5984: 5978: 5962: 5958: 5952: 5937: 5933: 5926: 5911: 5907: 5900: 5885: 5881: 5874: 5858: 5854: 5848: 5832: 5828: 5822: 5807: 5803: 5799: 5795: 5788: 5773: 5772: 5767: 5760: 5745: 5744: 5739: 5732: 5721:September 28, 5716: 5712: 5711: 5706: 5699: 5683: 5679: 5678: 5673: 5666: 5650: 5646: 5642: 5635: 5619: 5615: 5614: 5608: 5600: 5584: 5580: 5576: 5572: 5566: 5550: 5546: 5540: 5532: 5528: 5524: 5520: 5516: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5503: 5498: 5492: 5476: 5472: 5465: 5458: 5452: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5422: 5416: 5412: 5409: 5403: 5387: 5383: 5379: 5375: 5371: 5367: 5363: 5359: 5355: 5351: 5344: 5328: 5324: 5320: 5314: 5307: 5306: 5300: 5293: 5287: 5285: 5283: 5281: 5273: 5269: 5263: 5261: 5259: 5257: 5255: 5253: 5245: 5241: 5240: 5234: 5227: 5223: 5217: 5215: 5207: 5205: 5199: 5197: 5195: 5187: 5184: 5180: 5176: 5175: 5169: 5162: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5150: 5144: 5137: 5134: 5130: 5126: 5122: 5121: 5115: 5108: 5107:Rossiter 2003 5103: 5096: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5080: 5074: 5068: 5064: 5063:2 U.S.C. 5060: 5053: 5047: 5043: 5037: 5030: 5029:Rossiter 2003 5025: 5010: 5006: 4999: 4992: 4991:Rossiter 2003 4987: 4971: 4964: 4948: 4944: 4937: 4921: 4917: 4910: 4908: 4906: 4904: 4902: 4885: 4881: 4874: 4858: 4854: 4847: 4845: 4843: 4841: 4839: 4831: 4830:Rossiter 2003 4826: 4819: 4815: 4814: 4808: 4792: 4785: 4769: 4765: 4759: 4743: 4739: 4735: 4729: 4713: 4709: 4705: 4699: 4683: 4679: 4678: 4672: 4664: 4645: 4641: 4637: 4633: 4626: 4619: 4617: 4600: 4596: 4592: 4585: 4570: 4566: 4562: 4558: 4551: 4536: 4535: 4530: 4523: 4508: 4504: 4497: 4490: 4483:September 20, 4475: 4472:. p. 2. 4471: 4464: 4457: 4455: 4446: 4439: 4433: 4417: 4413: 4406: 4399: 4398:Rossiter 2003 4394: 4392: 4390: 4370: 4366: 4359: 4352: 4333: 4329: 4325: 4321: 4314: 4307: 4305: 4288: 4284: 4278: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4248: 4244: 4228: 4224: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4205: 4201: 4190: 4187: 4181: 4176: 4169: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4150:Richard Nixon 4147: 4143: 4139: 4134: 4132: 4128: 4124: 4120: 4116: 4108: 4104: 4103:of the Senate 4102: 4096: 4093: 4090: 4087: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4073: 4069: 4066: 4062: 4058: 4054: 4050: 4049: 4048: 4041: 4037: 4032: 4023: 4019: 4017: 4012: 4010: 4006: 4002: 3997: 3995: 3990: 3988: 3984: 3979: 3975: 3966: 3962: 3958: 3949: 3947: 3943: 3939: 3935: 3931: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3914:Newt Gingrich 3911: 3910:Ronald Reagan 3907: 3902: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3889: 3880: 3876: 3875:Ronald Reagan 3872: 3867: 3863: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3842:. Republican 3841: 3837: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3809: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3794: 3792: 3788: 3780:Partisan role 3773: 3767: 3764: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3750: 3742: 3738: 3735: 3729: 3726: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3712: 3704: 3700: 3697: 3691: 3688: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3674: 3666: 3663: 3662: 3659: 3653: 3650: 3646: 3644: 3641: 3636: 3628: 3625: 3624: 3621: 3615: 3612: 3608: 3606: 3603: 3598: 3590: 3587: 3586: 3583: 3577: 3574: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3560: 3552: 3549: 3548: 3545: 3539: 3536: 3532: 3530: 3527: 3522: 3514: 3511: 3510: 3507: 3501: 3498: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3484: 3476: 3473: 3472: 3469: 3463: 3460: 3456: 3454: 3451: 3446: 3438: 3435: 3434: 3431: 3425: 3422: 3418: 3416: 3413: 3408: 3400: 3397: 3396: 3393: 3387: 3384: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3370: 3362: 3359: 3358: 3355: 3349: 3346: 3342: 3340: 3337: 3332: 3324: 3321: 3320: 3317: 3311: 3308: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3294: 3286: 3283: 3282: 3279: 3273: 3270: 3266: 3264: 3261: 3256: 3248: 3245: 3244: 3241: 3235: 3232: 3228: 3226: 3223: 3218: 3210: 3207: 3206: 3203: 3197: 3194: 3190: 3188: 3185: 3180: 3172: 3169: 3168: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3129: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3093: 3091: 3086: 3084: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3058:Richard Armey 3055: 3054:Dick Gephardt 3051: 3050:Newt Gingrich 3046: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3033:, Republican 3032: 3031:68th Congress 3027: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3012:36th Congress 3008: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2969: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2942: 2937: 2935: 2930: 2928: 2923: 2922: 2920: 2919: 2913: 2908: 2903: 2901: 2891: 2890: 2888: 2887: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2874:Latin America 2872: 2870: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2836: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2819: 2818: 2812: 2809: 2807: 2804: 2803: 2802: 2799: 2798: 2794: 2791: 2789: 2786: 2784: 2781: 2779: 2776: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2764: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2752: 2751: 2748: 2745: 2744: 2741: 2736: 2735: 2728: 2725: 2723: 2720: 2718: 2715: 2714: 2711: 2710: 2706: 2705: 2701: 2698: 2697: 2694: 2691: 2688: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2666: 2662: 2661: 2658: 2653: 2652: 2645: 2642: 2640: 2637: 2636: 2630: 2627: 2625: 2622: 2621: 2620: 2617: 2615: 2614:Republicanism 2612: 2610: 2609:Protectionism 2607: 2605: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2571: 2565: 2564:Progressivism 2562: 2560: 2557: 2556: 2555: 2552: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2528: 2525: 2523: 2520: 2519: 2518: 2515: 2514: 2511: 2506: 2505: 2498: 2495: 2494: 2488: 2485: 2483: 2480: 2479: 2478: 2477:Third parties 2475: 2474: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2461: 2458: 2453: 2452: 2445: 2443: 2438: 2437: 2433: 2432: 2428: 2427: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2403: 2400: 2398: 2395: 2393: 2390: 2388: 2387:West Virginia 2385: 2383: 2380: 2378: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2368: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2338: 2335: 2333: 2330: 2328: 2325: 2323: 2320: 2318: 2315: 2313: 2310: 2308: 2305: 2303: 2300: 2298: 2295: 2293: 2292:New Hampshire 2290: 2288: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2278: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2252:Massachusetts 2250: 2248: 2245: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2228: 2225: 2223: 2220: 2218: 2215: 2213: 2210: 2208: 2205: 2203: 2200: 2198: 2195: 2193: 2190: 2188: 2185: 2183: 2180: 2178: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2149: 2145: 2142: 2141: 2135: 2132: 2131: 2130: 2127: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2115: 2112: 2111: 2107: 2104: 2103: 2100: 2095: 2094: 2087: 2086: 2082: 2081: 2077: 2074: 2072: 2069: 2067: 2064: 2062: 2059: 2057: 2054: 2051: 2047: 2044: 2042: 2039: 2038: 2035: 2034: 2030: 2029: 2025: 2022: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2007: 2006: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1993: 1990: 1988: 1985: 1984: 1981: 1978: 1977:Chief Justice 1975: 1974: 1971: 1970: 1966: 1965: 1962: 1957: 1956: 1949: 1946: 1944: 1941: 1939: 1936: 1935: 1931: 1928: 1927: 1924: 1923: 1919: 1918: 1914: 1913:Kamala Harris 1911: 1910: 1907: 1906: 1902: 1901: 1897: 1894: 1893: 1890: 1889: 1885: 1884: 1881: 1876: 1875: 1867: 1864: 1861: 1860: 1856: 1855:Chuck Schumer 1853: 1850: 1849: 1845: 1842: 1839: 1838: 1834: 1833:Kamala Harris 1831: 1828: 1827: 1824: 1823: 1819: 1818: 1814: 1811: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1799: 1798: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1787: 1783: 1782:Steve Scalise 1780: 1777: 1776: 1772: 1769: 1766: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1757: 1756: 1754: 1752: 1747: 1740: 1739: 1735: 1734: 1731: 1726: 1725: 1718: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1704: 1701: 1700: 1696: 1695: 1692: 1687: 1686: 1680: 1676: 1675: 1672: 1671:United States 1665: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1657: 1653: 1643: 1641: 1637: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1544: 1542: 1538: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1509: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1486:Newt Gingrich 1484: 1483:Minority Whip 1480: 1475: 1473: 1472:Ronald Reagan 1469: 1464: 1462: 1458: 1453: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1425: 1421: 1413: 1409: 1400: 1398: 1394: 1389: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1344: 1343:James K. Polk 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1301: 1299: 1294: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1272: 1268: 1261: 1257: 1247: 1244: 1236: 1225: 1222: 1218: 1215: 1211: 1208: 1204: 1201: 1197: 1194: – 1193: 1189: 1188:Find sources: 1182: 1178: 1172: 1171: 1166:This section 1164: 1160: 1155: 1154: 1146: 1144: 1143: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1113: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1090: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1069:, to promote 1068: 1063: 1058: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1018: 1012: 1006: 1005: 1000: 999: 994: 991: 990: 985: 981: 976: 975:Spencer Roane 972: 968: 967:James Madison 964: 963: 959:'s ruling in 958: 953: 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 931: 926: 924: 920: 916: 912: 908: 903: 901: 897: 893: 892:Michael Ellis 889: 885: 881: 876: 872: 868: 862: 858: 856: 852: 848: 844: 840: 830: 828: 824: 820: 815: 813: 809: 805: 802: 798: 795: 791: 786: 784: 779: 775: 770: 768: 764: 754: 752: 748: 744: 739: 737: 736:of the Senate 735: 729: 725: 721: 716: 714: 711: 710: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 688:House Speaker 685: 681: 669: 664: 662: 657: 655: 650: 649: 647: 646: 643: 633: 632: 622: 619: 617: 614: 612: 609: 607: 604: 602: 598: 597: 595: 591: 589: 586: 585: 584: 583: 579: 578: 570: 567: 565: 562: 561: 559: 557: 554: 549: 546: 544: 541: 540: 538: 533: 530: 528: 525: 524: 522: 517: 514: 511: 507: 504: 503: 501: 496: 493: 490: 486: 483: 482: 480: 478: 475: 474: 473: 472: 468: 467: 459: 456: 454: 451: 450: 448: 443: 440: 438: 437:Redistricting 435: 434: 432: 429: 425: 424:Apportionment 422: 421: 420: 419: 416: 413: 412: 406: 403: 401: 398: 397: 393: 392:Party leaders 390: 389: 379: 376: 374: 370: 369: 367: 366: 365: 362: 361: 352: 349: 347: 343: 342: 340: 336: 334: 331: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 310: 309: 307: 303: 302: 301: 300: 296: 295: 292: 289: 288: 281: 277: 276: 273: 268: 267: 263: 259: 258: 250: 246: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 217:3 U.S.C. 214: 211: 207: 204: 201: 197: 183: 179: 175: 172: 168: 164: 162: 158: 155: 152: 148: 144: 141: 137: 134: 130: 127: 125: 121: 118: 115: 111: 104: 103:The Honorable 101: 98: 95: 94: 92: 90: 86: 83: 79: 72: 64: 57: 50: 45: 40: 37: 33: 19: 10483:Capitol Hill 10349: 10300: 10293: 10286: 10279: 10272: 10265: 10258: 10251: 10244: 10237: 10230: 10223: 10215: 10208: 10179: 10119: 10112: 10105: 10098: 9707:Capitol Hill 9677: 9670: 9663: 9622: 9500:List (House) 9495:List (Joint) 9465:Of the Whole 9371: 9364: 9363:Jefferson's 9250:Magic minute 9003:Slave owners 8986:2000–present 8932:Sikh members 8930: 8837:LGBT members 8763:Black Caucus 8649: 8539:118th (2023) 8534:117th (2021) 8529:116th (2019) 8524:115th (2017) 8519:114th (2015) 8514:113th (2013) 8509:112th (2011) 8504:111th (2009) 8499:110th (2007) 8494:109th (2005) 8489:108th (2003) 8484:107th (2001) 8479:106th (1999) 8474:105th (1997) 8469:104th (1995) 8464:103rd (1993) 8459:102nd (1991) 8454:101st (1989) 8449:100th (1987) 7975:Lloyd Austin 7965:Janet Yellen 7945:Patty Murray 7935:Mike Johnson 7930: 7839:Know Nothing 7755: 7749: 7742: (2023) 7402: (1869) 7091: 7052:Patty Murray 7040:2nd in line 7039: 7008: 6998: 6992: 6973: 6966: 6943: 6931: 6924: 6915:December 18, 6913:. 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Retrieved 4256: 4247: 4227: 4137: 4135: 4122: 4112: 4100: 4045: 4036:U.S. Capitol 4020: 4013: 4000: 3998: 3991: 3982: 3977: 3973: 3970: 3967:(1845–1849). 3946:Donald Trump 3938:Barack Obama 3934:John Boehner 3922:Nancy Pelosi 3918:Bill Clinton 3903: 3887: 3884: 3856:Barack Obama 3852:Nancy Pelosi 3810: 3805: 3795: 3783: 3749:Mike Johnson 3468:June 2, 1834 3316:May 22, 1809 3135: 3126:Mike Johnson 3094: 3090:Nancy Pelosi 3087: 3074:Bill Clinton 3047: 3028: 3016:John Sherman 3009: 2985:Know Nothing 2983:, American ( 2970: 2950: 2707: 2683:Legislatures 2663: 2574:Abolitionism 2517:Conservatism 2439: 2429: 2352:South Dakota 2342:Rhode Island 2337:Pennsylvania 2317:North Dakota 2143: 2105: 2083: 2031: 1980:John Roberts 1967: 1920: 1903: 1886: 1844:Patty Murray 1820: 1771:Mike Johnson 1767: 1758: 1743: 1736: 1697: 1659: 1636:Mike Johnson 1621: 1609:Nancy Pelosi 1601: 1557:John Boehner 1555: 1552: 1548:Nancy Pelosi 1545: 1537:Jim Jeffords 1533: 1521:Nancy Pelosi 1512:21st century 1490:Bill Clinton 1476: 1465: 1454: 1450:Harry Truman 1439: 1417: 1403:20th century 1390: 1358: 1307: 1304:19th century 1295: 1291:3rd Congress 1287:1st Congress 1283:Pennsylvania 1276: 1239: 1230: 1220: 1213: 1206: 1199: 1187: 1175:Please help 1170:verification 1167: 1140: 1132: 1120: 1116: 1114: 1109: 1105: 1091: 1082: 1078: 1074: 1056: 1054: 1045: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1021: 1016: 1002: 996: 987: 979: 960: 954: 927: 904: 875:Diana Schaub 864: 860: 836: 816: 787: 771: 760: 743:Mike Johnson 740: 733: 726:, after the 717: 707: 687: 683: 679: 677: 363: 313:by seniority 199:First holder 71:Mike Johnson 36: 10457:Power Plant 10049:Law Library 9750:Cap. Police 9719:Legislative 9408:Senate hold 9315:Pocket veto 9290:Sponsorship 9270:Quorum call 9070:Impeachment 8444:99th (1985) 8439:98th (1983) 8434:97th (1981) 8429:96th (1979) 8424:95th (1977) 8419:94th (1975) 8414:93rd (1973) 8409:92nd (1971) 8404:91st (1969) 8399:90th (1967) 8392:New members 8005:Tom Vilsack 7995:Deb Haaland 7756:pro tempore 6861:January 22, 6830:January 22, 6780:January 22, 6705:January 22, 6674:January 22, 6644:January 22, 6544:October 21, 6477:October 29, 6417:December 6, 6360:December 6, 6292:October 26, 6270:October 25, 6109:February 8, 5967:October 26, 5941:October 26, 5915:October 26, 5837:October 20, 5811:October 20, 5688:February 4, 5360:(1): 1–31. 5333:January 11, 5188: (1819) 5163: (1803) 5014:October 10, 4922:. News Corp 4886:. p. 8 4820:ed., 1888). 4768:voanews.com 4748:January 11, 4718:January 11, 4688:January 11, 4653:January 11, 4605:January 11, 4540:October 25, 4445:GovInfo.Gov 4418:. p. 1 4378:December 2, 4341:January 22, 4293:October 25, 4267:January 22, 4158:Gerald Ford 4154:Carl Albert 4146:Spiro Agnew 4138:pro tempore 4123:pro tempore 4101:pro tempore 4042:(1999–2007) 4001:pro tempore 3983:pro tempore 3978:pro tempore 3974:pro tempore 3942:health care 3906:Tip O'Neill 3871:Tip O'Neill 3832:Sam Rayburn 3830:. Democrat 3806:pro tempore 3559:Howell Cobb 3076:'s alleged 2879:Arab League 2793:Visa policy 2669:Territorial 2482:Libertarian 2417:Puerto Rico 2267:Mississippi 2182:Connecticut 1730:Legislature 1468:Tip O'Neill 1461:Carl Albert 1442:Sam Rayburn 1434:Sam Rayburn 1332:instead of 1314:War of 1812 1133:pro tempore 1121:pro tempore 1117:pro tempore 1110:pro tempore 1106:pro tempore 1083:pro tempore 1079:pro tempore 1075:pro tempore 1057:pro tempore 1046:pro tempore 1032:pro tempore 1028:pro tempore 1024:pro tempore 1017:pro tempore 1001:(1803) and 913:due to the 734:pro tempore 532:Quorum call 161:Term length 145:(primarily) 10511:Categories 10420:facilities 10127:Serial Set 10015:Library of 9991:Postmaster 9954:Doorkeeper 9815:Historical 9470:Conference 9448:Committees 9433:Traditions 9358:Filibuster 9111:Privileges 8885:Physicians 8878:Occupation 8627:Vice-Chair 8228:Membership 8051:(acting)** 8028:(acting)** 7845:Republican 7827:Democratic 7821:Jacksonian 7803:Federalist 7370:Pennington 7127:Muhlenberg 7107:Muhlenberg 7007:. 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