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USAAF unit identification aircraft markings

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1129:), in April 1945 and the 315th Wing began arriving at Northwest Field, Guam, in May. The earlier system of marking aircraft was discarded in April by both the 73rd and 313th Wings. The 73rd Wing dropped all use of symbols and marked its aircraft with the group letter only, painted in 126-inch-high (3,200 mm) black lettering. Except for the 314th Wing, which maintained its markings throughout the war, the remaining wings of the XXI Bomber Command used 126-inch-diameter (3,200 mm) symbols in black to outline 63-inch-high (1,600 mm) group letters. The symbol outline of the 313th Wing was a circle, that of the 58th Wing a triangle, and that of the 315th Wing a diamond. 148: 322:
black symbol. Bombers also carried the symbol on the upper surface of the aircraft's right wingtip. Although issued group and squadron codes by the Eighth Air Force, the 93rd Combat Bomb Wing of the 3rd Bomb Division displayed neither until after the end of hostilities in Europe (noted in the table below with an asterisk). The 385th Bomb Group was shifted to the 93rd CBW in October 1944 after the wing converted from B-24 to B-17 aircraft, and it removed its fuselage and tail codes in accordance with wing policy.
302: 133: 963: 789: 36: 1065: 1321: 310: 294: 1118:) beginning in January 1945, with some of its groups beginning combat operations in February. In order to quickly mark its increasing numbers of aircraft, the 314th Wing painted 96-inch black boxes on the tail fins and stenciled the group identifier, either M, O, P or K in BMF 72-inch block letters. This was later infilled with a bright orange/yellow in mid summer 1945. 1441: 321:
Groups were identified by a letter superimposed on the symbol. At first letters were yellow in color, but after only a few had been so painted, the color was changed in July 1943 to insignia blue for easier reading. On unpainted aircraft the colors were reversed, with a white letter superimposed on a
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The 2nd Bomb Division devised a system for its B-24s whereby the entire tail fin was painted in a color (each of its five combat wings was assigned a color) and a black or white band placed across the fin either vertically, horizontally, or diagonally to identify the group within that wing. The 93rd
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Diagonally divided tail fins and painted the lower half in yellow and/or black, with the 98th BG using horizontal stripes, the 376th BG in black-only, the 449th BG in half-yellow half-black, and the 450th BG in vertical stripes. The former triangle-circle symbol was retained in the upper half. Late
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The B-17's of the 5th Bomb Wing used a simple symbol system on their tail fins, adopted in the fall of 1943 before becoming part of the Fifteenth Air Force (triangle for 97th BG, square 301st BG, diamond 99th BG, and circle 2nd BG). When two additional groups joined the wing in April 1944, the wing
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also used tail markings within the various air forces both as group and squadron identifiers. The patterns or themes varied; some were designated at the Air Force level, some at the Command level and others down at Group or squadron level. As in Europe, geometric shapes and colors were used as were
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The more numerous B-24 groups used a standardized scheme for its four bomb wings. On outer tail fins, above and below the aircraft serial, two white circles were painted. In the upper circle was painted a geometric symbol in black denoting the wing, with a triangle for the 47th Bomb Wing, a square
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However the size of the Allied air forces began to exhaust possible two-letter combinations, and made difficult the timely assembly of heavy bomber tactical formations. In June 1943 VIII Bomber Command introduced the use of a geometric symbol painted on either side of a bomber's vertical fin to
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as part of XX Bomber Command. The 40th BG painted four horizontal stripes across the upper tail fin with the letter identification of the airplane below it. The 444th BG numbered its aircraft and placed it within a large blue diamond outlined in yellow on the tail fin. The 462nd BG painted its
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The 3rd Air Division, once converted to an all-B-17 command, followed suit in the winter of 1944-1945, employing elaborate schemes which included colored chevrons and bands on the aircraft wings that required months of labor to convert all its aircraft. Those schemes are depicted in the B-17
188:; some squadron codes later consisted of a letter and a numeral. An additional single letter, known as the Radio Call Letter (RCL), was to identify the aircraft within the squadron, used phonetically in radio calls. Other areas continued to use only the RCN or simple numbering and lettering. 222:
in color. However, as unpainted ("natural metal finish") aircraft became policy at the start of 1944, the system evolved gradually to one using large areas of color in conjunction with symbols or patterns of color identifying the wing and often different colors for the group.
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created a group symbol, a large blue circle containing a stylized "LR" (for "Long Rangers", the group nickname) in gold, and placed it on all their aircraft tails. The upper tips of the fins were painted different colors to identify its squadrons.
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Large black diamond in the upper half; lower half painted to group color. The rear stabilizer was painted the group color on the left half and had a diamond on the right. 454th BG: white; 455th BG: yellow; 456th BG: red; 459th BG: black-and-yellow
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then identified its groups by a letter Y on the uppermost area of the tail fin, superimposed on the symbol previously used (in a manner similar to the system used by the Eighth) with the new 463rd BG using a cone-shaped device and the 483rd BG a
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Tail markings were used on all combat types: bombers, fighters, even some combat cargo and air commando observation planes. The level of command establishing markings was often at lower echelons yet patterns existed and repetitions avoided.
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used black symbols or stripes in various configurations, without any pattern. Identification of groups could be made only by memorization of symbols assigned to squadrons and knowledge of to what groups those squadrons were assigned.
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Upper half of the fin painted red, and a red symbol in the lower half; used the same scheme on the upper rear stabilizer with the red on the right side and the symbol on the left. 451st BG: circle; 461st BG: horizontal bar; 484th BG:
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but otherwise did not designate the group. The 468th painted two diagonal stripes on the rudders of its aircraft. When the wing and its groups transferred to Tinian in April 1945 the 58th Wing changed to a letter-symbol system.
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The 509th repainted the tail identifier with those of four XXI Bomber Command groups already in combat, and altered victor numbers to avoid misidentification with actual aircraft already bearing the numbers. New victor numbers
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The 58th Bomb Wing had been the first to deploy, beginning combat in June 1944 with only a handful of B-29's painted in the standard olive drab camouflage. Each of its four groups employed a different method while based in the
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of their airplanes bright red. The remainder of the 1st Air Division began using color schemes in September, but each combat wing adopted a different method, depicted in the link below under "External links".
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These markings were effective within a mile of the viewer, but as the numbers of groups increased from sixteen to forty, assembly difficulties increased. The USAAF decided to discontinue further
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Large black square in upper half of the fin, lower half painted black with a yellow symbol superimposed. 460th BG: ring; 464th BG: vertical bar; 465th BG: horizontal stripe; 485th BG: a
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Tail codes and markings provided a visual means of identification in conjunction with the call procedures, and later assembly and combat visual identification of units and aircraft.
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These should not be confused with squadron codes and letters used in the RAF systems and areas. Those serves a different function. The purpose of these markings was to serve as
1007:. The rear stabilizer generally displayed only the black square outlined in yellow until late in the war, when the entire surface was painted yellow except for the elevators. 53: 1088:
symbol in the center, and an aircraft identifier, known as the "victor number," in the lower third. Aircraft commonly used their tail identifiers as radio voice calls (
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of its B-17s various colors but otherwise maintained its marking scheme. The B-24 wings adopted a method by which color and symbol placement would identify its groups:
262:, beginning in December 1942, also received this identification system, which continued in the spring and summer of 1943 when VIII Bomber Command quadrupled in size. 1084:, and marked its aircraft similarly to that of the Fifteenth Air Force 55th CBW. A letter denoting the group was painted on the upper third of the tail fin, with a 843:
used, resembled the concentric ring bull's-eye of a target. The lower circle contained one of the numerals 1 through 4, painted in black, denoting the group.
17: 230:, eventually operating 20 groups and 1,000 bombers, also adopted a tail identification system overseas. The other six numbered air forces fighting in the 1484:
medium bombers in 1944, placed a 40-inch-wide (1,000 mm) rectangle horizontally bisecting the tail fin, with each squadron having a different color.
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groups. From April 1945 forward all twenty groups, organized into five bomb wings, were assigned to XXI Bomber Command, which standardized its markings.
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used the same black geometric symbols as the Twentieth Air Force, a different symbol for each squadron, placed in the upper third of the tail fin. The
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To facilitate control among thousands of bombers, the USAAF devised a system of aircraft tail markings in 1943 to identify groups and wings. Both the
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451st Bomb Group B-24 # 44-50443 displaying 49th Bomb Wing markings over Germany 19 March 1945. The upper tail surface and circle were red in color.
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The Air Commando Groups used punctuation marks (!,?) In the CBI while in the FEAF the patterns were consistent with the Fifth Air Force style.
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located on one side of the national insignia and a single letter aircraft code on the other side. However sixteen squadrons of B-17s of the new
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used a checkerboard pattern in either black-and-white or black-and-yellow on the rudder or part of the tail fin to identify its squadrons. The
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letters, numbers and variations based on the RCN or serial number last three or four digits. Some pre-war bands and stripes were reinstated.
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Fighter groups, especially of the VII FC, used colored tails with geometric patterns. Others used colored nose and tail combinations.
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The first color markings for B-17s appeared in July 1944 when the 1st Combat Bomb Wing (91st, 381st, and 398th Bomb Groups) painted the
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In June, 1944, the Fifteenth Air Force adopted a color-symbol scheme to identify its groups and wings. The 5th Bomb Wing painted the
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The Fifteenth Air Force had four groups of B-17's and eleven of B-24's when it first marked its aircraft for unit identification.
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in the war the upper rear stabilizer was painted black with a longitudinal yellow band in the center except for the elevators.
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denote a bombardment wing (later division) identification marking. These devices were white in color and 80 inches wide. A
93: 1344:, was assigned to the 313th Bomb Wing. Consisting of a single squadron, its tail marking was a circle outline around an 1666: 1661: 1634: 839:
for the 55th, a diamond for the 304th, and a circle for the 49th. In practice that of the 49th, because of the type of
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painted one quarter of its tail fins black for identification, with each squadron having a different quadrant. The
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CBW of the 3rd Air Division, which operated B-24s from May to September 1944, also adopted a color system in June.
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The Silverplate Bombers: A History and Registry of the Enola Gay and Other B-29s Configured to Carry Atomic Bombs
199:(USSTAF) bomber formations grew and assembly necessitated better visual unit identification at greater distance. 1656: 57: 1072:
of the 9th BG on March 4, 1945, showing 313th Bomb Wing markings then in use (occasion: first B-29 to land on
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B-17G Flying Fortresses 44-46604 and 44-48676 of the 306th Bomb Group, in 40th CBW markings-RAF Thurleigh UK
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Uncamouflaged 486th Bomb Group B-17G with 4th Combat Bomb Wing, 3rd Air Division color marking scheme
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used the tail markings of other groups and wings as a security measure. Richard H. Campbell, in
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Markers painted onto aircraft parts of the United States Army Air Forces during World War II
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painting of its aircraft in late 1943 and these began to reach Groups in February, 1944.
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and displaying fuselage codes, tail symbols, and 1st Combat Bomb Wing color markings
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The Mighty Eighth: A History of the Units, Men and Machines of the US 8th Air Force
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The 100th BG's Square D is still in use in the USAF by its successor unit, the
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operated two bomber commands, each with a different method of identifying its
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B-24s of the 458th Bomb Group, 96th Combat Bomb Wing, in 1944-45 color scheme
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446th Bomb Group B-24s displaying the 1943 division and group marking scheme
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The first Eighth Air Force aircraft to receive unit markings were the
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symbol, emblematic of the group's nickname, on the painted fin. The
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medium bombers of the 3rd Bombardment Wing did not use this scheme.
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The 73rd Bomb Wing began combat in October 1944 from Isley Field,
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continued in the Europe, Africa, Middle East Campaign (EAME), the
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employed three different methods. The original two groups, the
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of the Fourteenth Air Force used colored or striped rudders.
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the B-17 4th Bombardment Wing (later 3rd Air Division). The
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The 90th Bomb Group's "Jolly Roger"-inspired unit insignia
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Log of the Liberators: An Illustrated History of the B-24
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that was displayed below the Y instead of underlying it.
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those of the 444th Bomb Group (triangle N); and victors
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The 314th Bomb Wing was based at North Field, Guam (now
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to designate groups when all USAAF bombers were painted
1024: 812: 1398:those of the 497th Bomb Group (large "A"); victors 1348:pointing forward, but while flying combat missions 60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1431: 180:(RAF) radio procedures used in the UK. Two-letter 1519:, each had only a single bomb group. The Tenth's 274:1st Bombardment Wing (later 1st Air Division), a 247:of the 4th and 31st Fighter Groups training with 238: 1673: 455:2d Air Division ("Circle") 251:in September 1942. The markings were two-letter 892:, 461st BG (second wing assignment, 1944-45) - 210:used a system of large, readily-identifiable 69:"USAAF unit identification aircraft markings" 1170:(square outline symbol, 10.5-foot letters): 1076:.) Note aircraft's call sign "X Triangle 9". 197:United States Strategic Air Forces in Europe 914:, 461st BG (first wing assignment, 1944) - 156:USAAF unit identification aircraft markings 1428:those of the 39th Bomb Group (square P). 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 1629:. McFarland & Company. p. 219. 1624: 1439: 1319: 1315: 1063: 961: 787: 326:8AF bombardment group letter identifiers 308: 300: 292: 146: 131: 1499:used completely different methods. The 14: 1674: 1460:, bore the red-white-and-blue-striped 1121:The 58th Bomb Wing was relocated from 1687:Military aircraft designation systems 1059: 957: 846:15AF B-24 group numeral identifiers: 18:Unit identification aircraft markings 1448:The four heavy bomber groups of the 1100:) had the voice call "A Square 26". 1040: 833: 772: 58:adding citations to reliable sources 29: 806: 24: 317:tanker displaying Square D in 2006 25: 1703: 1650: 1025:Twentieth Air Force tail markings 813:Fifteenth Air Force tail markings 1586:(1970, 1993), pp. 285–286. 1511:The two air forces in Asia, the 1222:, 505th BG (January to March) - 820: 34: 1432:Other air forces in the Pacific 1029:For a period of six months the 45:needs additional citations for 1618: 1133:20AF group letter identifiers: 760:† Markings as B-24 groups only 239:Eighth Air Force tail markings 13: 1: 1625:Campbell, Richard H. (2005). 1611: 1103:The 313th Bomb Wing moved to 160:United States Army Air Forces 1570:The USAAF Handbook 1939-1945 1543:List of USAAF squadron codes 1276: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1254: 1251: 1248: 1243: 1127:Tinian International Airport 745: 723: 712: 701: 690: 681: 670: 661: 652: 643: 632: 623: 614: 605: 583: 573: 562: 553: 544: 535: 524: 515: 506: 497: 486: 477: 468: 459: 441: 432: 423: 414: 403: 394: 385: 376: 365: 356: 347: 338: 282:2nd Bombardment Wing, and a 7: 1667:B-29 tail markings in color 1662:B-24 tail markings in color 1657:B-17 tail markings in color 1536: 1140:(triangle outline symbol): 1125:to West Field, Tinian (now 734: 10: 1708: 1548: 1226:, (April to September) - 1200:(circle outline symbol): 1048:China Burma India Theater 139:G in the markings of the 1487:All three groups of the 1464:markings of the pre-war 767:100th Air Refueling Wing 315:100th Air Refueling Wing 1627:The Silverplate Bombers 1525:308th Bombardment Group 1505:307th Bombardment Group 1480:, which converted from 1474:380th Bombardment Group 1458:90th Bombardment Groups 1354:The Silverplate Bombers 1116:Andersen Air Force Base 1596:Campbell, Richard H., 1495:The two groups of the 1445: 1329: 1328:in livery of 444th BG. 1238:(solid black square): 1077: 967: 793: 318: 306: 298: 184:were used to denote a 152: 144: 1521:7th Bombardment Group 1501:5th Bombardment Group 1478:22d Bombardment Group 1443: 1334:509th Composite Group 1323: 1316:509th Composite Group 1067: 965: 882:(circle/bulls-eye): 791: 312: 304: 296: 150: 135: 1600:(2005), p. 19. 1572:(1997), p. 66. 1517:Fourteenth Air Force 1497:Thirteenth Air Force 1105:North Field (Tinian) 208:Fifteenth Air Forces 54:improve this article 1582:Freeman, Roger A., 1568:Bowman, Martin W., 1288:(diamond outline): 1031:Twentieth Air Force 602: 456: 335: 260:VIII Bomber Command 249:RAF Fighter Command 228:Twentieth Air Force 162:(USAAF) during the 1446: 1350:its fifteen B-29's 1330: 1078: 1060:XXI Bomber Command 1035:B-29 Superfortress 968: 958:Second B-24 scheme 794: 597: 454: 330: 319: 307: 299: 153: 145: 1692:Military insignia 1682:Aircraft markings 1554:Birdsall, Steve, 1489:Seventh Air Force 1283: 1282: 1041:XX Bomber Command 834:First B-24 scheme 828:five-pointed star 773:Color identifiers 758: 757: 595: 594: 452: 451: 212:geometric symbols 193:buildup of troops 130: 129: 122: 104: 16:(Redirected from 1699: 1644: 1643: 1641:Chapter 3 note 6 1622: 1241: 1240: 762:‡ B-17 markings 603: 596: 457: 453: 336: 332:1st Air Division 329: 164:Second World War 125: 118: 114: 111: 105: 103: 62: 38: 30: 21: 1707: 1706: 1702: 1701: 1700: 1698: 1697: 1696: 1672: 1671: 1653: 1648: 1647: 1637: 1623: 1619: 1614: 1551: 1539: 1513:Tenth Air Force 1450:Fifth Air Force 1434: 1318: 1286:315th Bomb Wing 1236:314th Bomb Wing 1198:313th Bomb Wing 1062: 1043: 1027: 1012:304th Bomb Wing 960: 924:304th Bomb Wing 836: 823: 815: 775: 761: 599:3d Air Division 328: 241: 178:Royal Air Force 141:91st Bomb Group 126: 115: 109: 106: 63: 61: 51: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 1705: 1695: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1670: 1669: 1664: 1659: 1652: 1651:External links 1649: 1646: 1645: 1636:978-0786421398 1635: 1616: 1615: 1613: 1610: 1609: 1608: 1594: 1580: 1566: 1550: 1547: 1546: 1545: 1538: 1535: 1433: 1430: 1326:Straight Flush 1317: 1314: 1313: 1312: 1311: 1310: 1281: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1259: 1258: 1253: 1250: 1247: 1233: 1232: 1231: 1230: 1195: 1194: 1193: 1192: 1168:73rd Bomb Wing 1165: 1164: 1163: 1162: 1138:58th Bomb Wing 1061: 1058: 1042: 1039: 1026: 1023: 1022: 1021: 1013: 1009: 1008: 1001: 1000:55th Bomb Wing 997: 996: 992: 991:49th Bomb Wing 988: 987: 983: 982:47th Bomb Wing 959: 956: 955: 954: 953: 952: 921: 920: 919: 918: 902:55th Bomb Wing 899: 898: 897: 896: 880:49th Bomb Wing 877: 876: 875: 874: 850:47th Bomb Wing 835: 832: 822: 819: 814: 811: 774: 771: 756: 755: 744: 733: 721: 720: 711: 700: 689: 679: 678: 669: 660: 651: 641: 640: 631: 622: 613: 593: 592: 582: 571: 570: 561: 552: 543: 533: 532: 523: 514: 505: 495: 494: 485: 476: 467: 450: 449: 440: 431: 422: 412: 411: 402: 393: 384: 374: 373: 364: 355: 346: 327: 324: 256:squadron codes 240: 237: 214:combined with 182:squadron codes 128: 127: 42: 40: 33: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1704: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1679: 1677: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1654: 1642: 1638: 1632: 1628: 1621: 1617: 1607: 1606:0-7864-2139-8 1603: 1599: 1595: 1593: 1592:0-87938-638-X 1589: 1585: 1581: 1579: 1578:0-8117-1822-0 1575: 1571: 1567: 1565: 1564:0-385-03870-4 1561: 1557: 1553: 1552: 1544: 1541: 1540: 1534: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1509: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1493: 1490: 1485: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1442: 1438: 1429: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1402: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1368: 1361: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1327: 1322: 1309: 1306:, 502nd BG - 1305: 1302:, 501st BG - 1301: 1298:, 331st BG - 1297: 1293: 1292: 1291: 1290: 1289: 1287: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1260: 1257: 1246: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1218:, 504th BG - 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1204: 1203: 1202: 1201: 1199: 1191: 1188:, 500th BG - 1187: 1184:, 499th BG - 1183: 1180:, 498th BG - 1179: 1175: 1174: 1173: 1172: 1171: 1169: 1161: 1158:, 468th BG - 1157: 1154:, 462nd BG - 1153: 1150:, 444th BG - 1149: 1145: 1144: 1143: 1142: 1141: 1139: 1135: 1134: 1130: 1128: 1124: 1119: 1117: 1112: 1110: 1106: 1101: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1075: 1071: 1066: 1057: 1054: 1049: 1038: 1036: 1032: 1019: 1014: 1011: 1010: 1006: 1002: 999: 998: 993: 990: 989: 984: 981: 980: 979: 977: 973: 964: 951: 948:, 459th BG - 947: 943: 939: 936:, 455th BG - 935: 931: 930: 929: 928: 927: 925: 917: 913: 909: 908: 907: 906: 905: 903: 895: 891: 887: 886: 885: 884: 883: 881: 873: 870:, 450th BG - 869: 866:, 449th BG - 865: 862:, 376th BG - 861: 857: 856: 855: 854: 853: 852:(triangle): 851: 847: 844: 842: 831: 829: 821:B-17 markings 818: 810: 808: 802: 799: 790: 786: 782: 780: 770: 768: 763: 754: 750: 749: 743: 739: 738: 732: 728: 727: 722: 719: 715: 710: 706: 705: 699: 695: 694: 688: 684: 680: 677: 673: 668: 664: 659: 655: 650: 646: 642: 639: 635: 630: 626: 621: 617: 612: 608: 604: 600: 590: 586: 580: 576: 572: 569: 565: 560: 556: 551: 547: 542: 538: 534: 531: 527: 522: 518: 513: 509: 504: 500: 496: 493: 489: 484: 480: 475: 471: 466: 462: 458: 448: 444: 439: 435: 430: 426: 421: 417: 413: 410: 406: 401: 397: 392: 388: 383: 379: 375: 372: 368: 363: 359: 354: 350: 345: 341: 337: 334:("Triangle") 333: 323: 316: 311: 303: 295: 291: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 263: 261: 257: 254: 250: 246: 236: 233: 229: 224: 221: 217: 216:alphanumerics 213: 209: 205: 200: 198: 194: 189: 187: 183: 179: 175: 170: 167: 165: 161: 157: 149: 142: 138: 137:A Boeing B-17 134: 124: 121: 113: 102: 99: 95: 92: 88: 85: 81: 78: 74: 71: –  70: 66: 65:Find sources: 59: 55: 49: 48: 43:This article 41: 37: 32: 31: 19: 1640: 1626: 1620: 1597: 1583: 1569: 1555: 1532: 1529: 1510: 1494: 1486: 1447: 1435: 1400: 1366: 1362: 1353: 1340:to drop the 1331: 1325: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1285: 1284: 1277: 1272: 1267: 1262: 1235: 1234: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1207: 1197: 1196: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1167: 1166: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1137: 1136: 1132: 1131: 1120: 1113: 1108: 1102: 1093: 1085: 1079: 1069: 1044: 1028: 1018:checkerboard 969: 949: 945: 937: 933: 926:(diamond): 923: 922: 915: 911: 901: 900: 893: 889: 879: 878: 871: 867: 863: 859: 849: 848: 845: 837: 824: 816: 803: 795: 783: 776: 764: 759: 752: 746: 741: 735: 730: 724: 717: 708: 702: 697: 691: 686: 675: 666: 657: 648: 637: 628: 619: 610: 588: 578: 567: 558: 549: 540: 529: 520: 511: 502: 491: 482: 473: 464: 446: 437: 428: 419: 408: 399: 390: 381: 370: 361: 352: 343: 320: 270:denoted the 264: 242: 225: 201: 190: 171: 168: 155: 154: 116: 107: 97: 90: 83: 76: 64: 52:Please help 47:verification 44: 1470:Jolly Roger 1342:atomic bomb 1176:497th BG - 1094:Lucky Irish 1070:Dinah Might 932:454th BG - 910:460th BG - 904:(square): 888:451st BG - 601:("Square") 232:Pacific War 1676:Categories 1612:References 1336:, sent to 1294:16th BG - 1146:40th BG - 1090:call signs 858:98th BG - 807:link below 779:camouflage 313:Tail of a 220:olive drab 174:call signs 80:newspapers 1558:, (1973) 1466:Air Corps 1346:arrowhead 1206:6th BG - 972:elevators 798:empennage 245:Spitfires 110:June 2020 1537:See also 1324:509th's 1256:330th BG 1109:triangle 1092:), i.e. 1074:Iwo Jima 995:bow-tie. 942:456th BG 672:447th BG 591:(wings) 268:triangle 253:fuselage 186:squadron 1549:Sources 1252:39th BG 1249:29th BG 1053:rudders 1005:saltire 976:rudders 841:stencil 581:(wings) 191:As the 176:in the 94:scholar 1633:  1604:  1590:  1576:  1562:  1462:rudder 1424:, and 1412:, and 1394:, and 1378:, and 1338:Tinian 1212:9th BG 1086:square 1082:Saipan 748:493 BG 737:490 BG 726:487 BG 714:486 BG 704:486 BG 683:452 BG 663:390 BG 654:388 BG 645:385 BG 634:100 BG 585:491 BG 575:489 BG 564:492 BG 555:467 BG 546:466 BG 537:458 BG 526:453 BG 517:448 BG 508:446 BG 499:445 BG 488:392 BG 479:389 BG 443:398 BG 434:457 BG 425:401 BG 416:384 BG 405:381 BG 396:379 BG 387:351 BG 378:306 BG 367:305 BG 358:303 BG 284:square 276:circle 204:Eighth 96:  89:  82:  75:  67:  1358:Tokyo 1245:19 BG 1123:India 1098:Tokyo 1068:B-29 693:34 BG 625:96 BG 616:95 BG 607:94 BG 470:93 BG 461:44 BG 349:92 BG 340:91 BG 101:JSTOR 87:books 1631:ISBN 1602:ISBN 1588:ISBN 1574:ISBN 1560:ISBN 1515:and 1482:B-25 1456:and 1332:The 974:and 751:† - 740:† - 716:‡ - 707:† - 696:† - 288:B-26 280:B-24 278:the 272:B-17 226:The 206:and 73:news 1454:43d 166:. 56:by 1678:: 1639:. 1426:95 1422:94 1420:, 1418:83 1414:88 1410:86 1408:, 1406:85 1404:, 1401:77 1396:84 1392:73 1390:, 1388:72 1386:, 1384:71 1380:91 1376:90 1374:, 1372:89 1370:, 1367:82 1360:. 1214:- 1210:, 1111:. 944:- 940:, 809:. 769:. 729:- 685:- 674:- 665:- 656:- 647:- 636:- 627:- 618:- 609:- 587:- 577:- 566:- 557:- 548:- 539:- 528:- 519:- 510:- 501:- 490:- 481:- 472:- 463:- 445:- 436:- 427:- 418:- 407:- 398:- 389:- 380:- 369:- 360:- 351:- 342:- 1308:H 1304:Y 1300:L 1296:B 1278:K 1273:P 1268:O 1263:M 1228:W 1224:K 1220:E 1216:X 1208:R 1190:Z 1186:V 1182:T 1178:A 1160:I 1156:U 1152:N 1148:S 1020:. 950:4 946:3 938:2 934:1 916:2 912:1 894:2 890:1 872:4 868:3 864:2 860:1 753:X 742:T 731:P 718:W 709:O 698:S 687:L 676:K 667:J 658:H 649:G 638:D 629:C 620:B 611:A 589:Z 579:W 568:U 559:P 550:L 541:K 530:J 521:I 512:H 503:F 492:D 483:C 474:B 465:A 447:W 438:U 429:S 420:P 409:L 400:K 391:J 382:H 371:G 362:C 353:B 344:A 123:) 117:( 112:) 108:( 98:· 91:· 84:· 77:· 50:. 20:)

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A Boeing B-17
91st Bomb Group

United States Army Air Forces
Second World War
call signs
Royal Air Force
squadron codes
squadron
buildup of troops
United States Strategic Air Forces in Europe
Eighth
Fifteenth Air Forces
geometric symbols
alphanumerics
olive drab
Twentieth Air Force

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