78:
Tindale speculated on the basis of the nuances in their terminology for the cardinal points, that at one time the
Unggumi had been a coastal people who had been driven by tribal pressures to seek sanctuary on the hard, inaccessible terrain of the upland ranges. The
50:
estimated that the
Unggumi's traditional territorial lands stretch over some 9,800 square kilometres (3,800 sq mi), centered on the upper limestone range and plateaus in and around the
317:
1038:
310:
241:
1085:
1063:
303:
1058:
1033:
253:
1043:
326:
1053:
1090:
1048:
269:
63:
287:
261:
234:
258:
Aboriginal Tribes of
Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names
32:
222:
554:
51:
459:
654:
1011:
275:
28:
1006:
644:
579:
295:
8:
975:
739:
584:
1016:
330:
265:
36:
800:
754:
749:
599:
840:
790:
574:
539:
519:
489:
249:
67:
47:
1079:
895:
639:
444:
59:
62:
and
Chestnut Creek. Their western frontier was around the headwaters of the
850:
810:
669:
629:
589:
564:
394:
354:
55:
830:
825:
780:
649:
624:
609:
559:
534:
454:
409:
142:
meaning 'top-dwelling', referring to their living on the top of the range
985:
960:
910:
865:
835:
714:
679:
569:
529:
494:
424:
414:
374:
283:
980:
875:
820:
815:
795:
775:
704:
659:
634:
614:
514:
499:
484:
434:
429:
399:
136:
80:
945:
935:
925:
920:
885:
770:
765:
759:
694:
674:
524:
469:
439:
379:
369:
359:
955:
940:
930:
915:
905:
900:
785:
744:
729:
699:
684:
604:
549:
544:
479:
474:
464:
419:
404:
226:
92:
970:
965:
890:
880:
870:
860:
845:
734:
724:
719:
709:
689:
664:
619:
594:
509:
449:
389:
384:
364:
344:
139:
100:
96:
88:
950:
805:
504:
349:
84:
990:
325:
103:
lay on their western flank, between them and the sea.
163:
146:
Wunggumic, Ngarangari, Ong, Komi, Wongkami, Wongkomiy
175:
242:
Department of
Aboriginal Affairs, Western Australia
187:
1077:
66:. To the south east, they hunted as far as the
199:
311:
318:
304:
1086:Aboriginal peoples of Western Australia
248:
193:
181:
169:
1078:
54:. They occupied the area south of the
299:
223:"AIATSIS map of Indigenous Australia"
106:
282:
233:
221:
205:
13:
14:
1102:
288:Australian National University
262:Australian National University
1:
1091:Kimberley (Western Australia)
157:
16:Indigenous Australian people
7:
235:"Tindale Tribal Boundaries"
10:
1107:
214:
95:directly south, while the
73:
42:
1025:
999:
337:
152:
52:Wunaamin Miliwundi Range
250:Tindale, Norman Barnett
1012:Forrest River massacre
1030:By state or territory
58:gorge, as far as the
29:Aboriginal Australian
1007:Flying Foam massacre
580:Mantjintjarra Ngalia
87:directly east, the
83:lay northeast, the
1039:Northern Territory
327:Aboriginal peoples
1073:
1072:
1064:Western Australia
1017:Pinjarra massacre
331:Western Australia
278:on 20 March 2020.
271:978-0-708-10741-6
244:. September 2016.
107:Alternative names
37:Western Australia
1098:
320:
313:
306:
297:
296:
291:
279:
274:. Archived from
245:
239:
230:
209:
203:
197:
191:
185:
179:
173:
167:
148:(language names)
1106:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1068:
1049:South Australia
1034:New South Wales
1021:
995:
333:
324:
294:
272:
237:
217:
212:
204:
200:
192:
188:
180:
176:
168:
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109:
91:south-east the
76:
45:
23:, also written
17:
12:
11:
5:
1104:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1071:
1070:
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1066:
1061:
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848:
843:
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833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
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803:
798:
793:
791:Pitjantjatjara
788:
783:
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308:
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254:"Ongkomi (WA)"
246:
231:
229:. 14 May 2024.
218:
216:
213:
211:
210:
198:
186:
174:
172:, p. 255.
161:
159:
156:
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151:
150:
149:
143:
130:
128:Ungumi, Ungami
125:
120:
115:
108:
105:
75:
72:
68:Richenda River
64:Robinson River
48:Norman Tindale
44:
41:
31:people of the
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1103:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1083:
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1065:
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979:
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964:
962:
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952:
949:
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939:
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934:
932:
929:
927:
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902:
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869:
867:
864:
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857:
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844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
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802:
799:
797:
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681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
645:Ngaatjatjarra
643:
641:
640:Ngaanyatjarra
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
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583:
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568:
566:
563:
561:
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541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
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518:
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508:
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493:
491:
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486:
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481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
445:Jabirr Jabirr
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
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401:
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328:
321:
316:
314:
309:
307:
302:
301:
298:
289:
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281:
277:
273:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
219:
207:
202:
195:
190:
184:, p. 49.
183:
178:
171:
166:
162:
147:
144:
141:
138:
134:
131:
129:
126:
124:
121:
119:
116:
114:
111:
110:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
71:
69:
65:
61:
60:Lennard River
57:
53:
49:
40:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
976:Yindjibarndi
855:
851:Unggarranggu
670:Ngarlawangga
630:Nangatadjara
565:Mandjildjara
276:the original
257:
201:
196:, p. 2.
194:Tindale 1974
189:
182:Tindale 1974
177:
170:Tindale 1974
165:
145:
132:
127:
122:
117:
112:
77:
56:Isdell River
46:
24:
20:
18:
831:Tjeraridjal
826:Tjalkadjara
740:Nyangumarta
650:Ngadjunmaia
585:Mardudunera
1080:Categories
1044:Queensland
986:Yinikutira
961:Yawijibaya
866:Walmadjari
836:Tjurabalan
715:Njakinjaki
680:Ngolibardu
570:Mandjindja
530:Maduwongga
495:Kartudjara
425:Ildawongga
415:Gooniyandi
375:Ballardong
133:Ngarangari
123:Ongaranjan
99:, and the
35:region of
981:Yingkarta
876:Wariangga
821:Tharrkari
816:Thalandji
796:Putidjara
776:Pindjarup
705:Nimanburu
660:Ngarinjin
635:Nangatara
615:Murunitja
515:Kurajarra
500:Keiadjara
485:Karajarri
430:Inawongga
400:Duulngari
284:"Unggumi"
158:Citations
137:Ngarinjin
81:Ngarinjin
33:Kimberley
27:, are an
1059:Victoria
1054:Tasmania
946:Wunambal
936:Worrorra
926:Wirdinya
921:Wilawila
886:Watjarri
801:Spinifex
771:Pindiini
766:Pibelmen
760:Perrakee
755:Panyjima
750:Nyulnyul
695:Ngurrara
675:Ngarluma
600:Miriwung
525:Madoitja
470:Kalamaia
440:Jaburara
435:Inggarda
380:Binigura
370:Baiyungu
360:Badimaya
252:(1974).
118:Wongkomi
113:Ong Komi
1000:History
956:Yamatji
941:Wudjari
931:Wirngir
916:Wiilman
906:Whadjuk
901:Wenamba
856:Unggumi
841:Tjuroro
786:Pintupi
745:Nyigina
730:Noongar
700:Niabali
685:Ngombal
605:Mirning
575:Mangala
555:Mandara
550:Malngin
545:Malgaru
540:Malgana
520:Kurrama
490:Kariera
480:Kaneang
475:Kambure
465:Kalaako
420:Gugadja
405:Dyiwali
338:Peoples
227:AIATSIS
215:Sources
206:Austkin
93:Nyigina
74:History
43:Country
25:Ongkomi
21:Unggumi
971:Yeidji
966:Yawuru
896:Wanman
891:Wangai
881:Warrwa
871:Wardal
861:Waljen
846:Umiida
735:Nyamal
725:Nokaan
720:Njunga
710:Ninanu
690:Ngurlu
665:Ngarla
655:Ngalia
620:Nakako
595:Mineng
510:Koreng
450:Jadira
390:Buruna
385:Bunuba
365:Bailgu
345:Amangu
268:
140:exonym
101:Umiida
97:Warrwa
89:Bunuba
951:Wurla
811:Tenma
806:Tedei
625:Nanda
590:Martu
560:Mandi
505:Koara
460:Jukun
395:Djaru
355:Bardi
350:Arnga
238:(PDF)
153:Notes
85:Wurla
991:Yued
911:Widi
781:Pini
610:Miwa
535:Maia
455:Jawi
410:Gija
266:ISBN
19:The
329:of
1082::
286:.
264:.
260:.
256:.
240:.
225:.
135:–
70:.
39:.
762:?
319:e
312:t
305:v
290:.
208:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.