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regulations required to get permits to conduct such business. In
October 2020, the Trump administration proclaimed its goal of "strengthening markets for wood products and incentivizing innovative manufacturing techniques" and reported "The Department of Agriculture’s Forest Service sold 3.3 billion board feet of timber from national forests in fiscal year 2019 — the highest output since 1997". Furthermore, President Trump signed an
584:
169:
476:, extraction of natural resources from national forests is permitted, and in many cases encouraged. Forest products are the resources removed and harvested from national forests. They may be for commercial or personal use such as “lumber, paper, and firewood as well as 'special forest products' such as medicinal herbs, fungi, edible fruits and nuts, and other natural products”. However, the first-designated
395:
The United States national forest comprises about 132 million acres. There are 154 national forests and 20 national grasslands containing 193 million acres (297,000 mi/769 000 km) of land. These lands comprise 8.5 percent of the total land area of the United States, an area about
381:
encouraged more forest products to be harvested in order to support a struggling economy. There was a plan to develop around 190 million acres of protected
National Forests in order to increase logging, grazing, and energy resources. This would be facilitated through shrinking the rules and
315:
established the US Forest
Service as a division of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). This agency was formed to map, maintain, and protect forests as well as provide water and timber for national benefit. Gifford Pinchot was appointed the head of the US Forest Service by
898:
365:
was enacted to protect lands and ecosystems. It was to protect national forests from destructive logging practices, so
Congress told the Forest System to develop regulations on the size of clearcuts, protect waterways, and restrict the rate of cutting to protect
386:
to "establish the United States One
Trillion Trees Interagency Council" in order to further the Federal Government's participation in this effort and repeal the current $ 30 million annual funding cap for the Reforestation Trust Fund.
882:
326:
1922: Secretary of
Agriculture authorized the selling of national forest land in exchange for private land of equal value, which changed the national forest service from a conservation organization to one that focuses on the
932:
1234:
1121:
1988:
1960:
1227:
247:. The U.S. Forest Service is also a forestry research organization which provides financial assistance to state and local forestry industry. There are
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53:
1191:
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1983:
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1993:
1954:
922:
570:
100:
1076:
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72:
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companies and lobbies (e.g. logging & mining) over the protection and/or use of national forest lands. These conflicts center on
79:
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2003:
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1335:
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There have been multiple legislative acts to expand the scope of the national forest system, as well as shrinking it. In 2020, the
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directs national forests to be managed for their timber, range, water, recreation, and wildlife, with no use greater than another.
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to be made for federal actions that may impact the environment. This allowed a legal standing to challenge the logging industry.
1680:
1625:
1270:
1186:
1116:
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1944: The
Sustained-Yield Forest Management Act was passed which encouraged the building of logging mills throughout the west.
1998:
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675:
1535:
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1085:
630:
412:
17:
68:
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1905:
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1101:
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laws, and logging/mining access roadbuilding within national forests. Additional conflicts arise from concerns that the
1800:
1765:
1755:
1470:
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Houck, Oliver A. “This Land is your Land: The Dark Canon of the United States
Supreme Court in Natural Resources Law.”
420:
182:
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119:
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1615:
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57:
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requires the Forest
Service to identify, investigate, and protect cultural resources on lands it manages.
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passed, giving forest advocates a legal basis to challenge logging if it threatened an endangered species.
1930:
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283:-area businessmen and property owners who were concerned by the harm being done to the watershed of the
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883:"Analysis | The Energy 202: Forest Service sparks controversy for pushing logging, oil during pandemic"
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containing more than 13 million acres of land. The bill was the result of concerted action by
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was passed to protect watersheds and forests while still allowing the timber industry to continue.
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275:, allowed the president to set aside forest reserves on public lands. Harrison established 15
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772:"Hour of trial: the conservation conflict in Colorado and the West, 1891--1907"
698:"Hour of trial: the conservation conflict in Colorado and the West, 1891--1907"
461:
220:
1977:
894:
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1925: National forests were authorized to grant grazing permits for 10 years.
224:
635:
589:
512:
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370:
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1970: The
National Environmental Policy Act was passed which required the
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Within the national forest system, there are 1,200 sites listed on the
154:
144:
869:
The Ever-Changing View-A History of the National Forests in California
779:
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235:
areas. They are owned collectively by the American people through the
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35:
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205:
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472:. Unlike national parks and other federal lands managed by the
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1907: 99 million acres were added to the national forests.
228:
176:
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397:
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943:
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1994: The Northwest Forest Plan was announced by President
1242:
532:
480:, and some of the largest, are on national forest lands.
400:. About 87 percent of national forest land lies in the
923:"Proclamation on National Forest Products Week, 2020"
579:
27:
Classification of federal lands in the United States
1049:
Trees of Our National Forests: Their Beauty and Use
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
840:"The Planet--A Brief History of National Forests"
1975:
741:"Gifford Pinchot National Forest: Early History"
483:There are management decision conflicts between
426:The U.S. Forest Service also manages all of the
531:, cattle, and more recently, rising numbers of
1228:
1070:
571:List of national forests of the United States
408:has 12 percent of all national forest lands.
373:to try to slow logging in old-growth forests.
1989:United States Forest Service protected areas
1086:Federal protected areas in the United States
641:National Forests of the United States topics
554:operate on leased land in national forests.
871:USDA Forest Service Publishers, 2005 p. 399
668:"History & Culture | US Forest Service"
564:
263:History of the United States Forest Service
1235:
1221:
1077:
1063:
626:Environmental history of the United States
298:
561:where resource extraction is restricted.
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
769:
695:
195:
181:
167:
149:
131:
1012:"Managing the Land | US Forest Service"
614:1911 law for purchase of private lands
432:United States national recreation areas
271:, was enacted during the presidency of
245:United States Department of Agriculture
14:
1976:
960:, vol. 62, no. 1, 2022, p. 15. JSTOR,
1984:National Forests of the United States
1216:
1058:
1006:
1004:
1002:
972:
970:
962:https://www.jstor.org/stable/27108388
834:
832:
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1994:Protected areas of the United States
978:"By the Numbers | US Forest Service"
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662:
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631:Protected areas of the United States
413:National Register of Historic Places
69:"National forest" United States
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
1051:from the U.S. Forest Service, 1975.
295:were key spokesmen for the effort.
24:
999:
967:
421:National Historic Preservation Act
25:
2020:
1037:
912:
807:
653:
428:United States national grasslands
596:
582:
342:Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act
34:
2004:Bureau of Land Management areas
1481:George Washington and Jefferson
1022:from the original on 2020-10-15
988:from the original on 2020-10-15
935:from the original on 2021-01-20
901:from the original on 2020-10-22
850:from the original on 2020-10-17
678:from the original on 2020-10-16
349:environmental impact statements
45:needs additional citations for
950:
874:
861:
770:McCarthy, G. M. (1977-01-01).
763:
733:
696:McCarthy, G. M. (1977-01-01).
689:
363:National Forest Management Act
13:
1:
646:
437:
404:, mostly in mountain ranges.
1999:United States Forest Service
557:National forests include 14
511:fees, mining operations and
390:
241:United States Forest Service
7:
1102:Estuarine Research Reserves
575:
417:National Historic Landmarks
10:
2025:
958:Natural Resources Journal.
568:
445:of these areas focuses on
260:
256:
173:Mount Hood National Forest
1949:
1251:
1092:
269:Land Revision Act of 1891
187:Allegheny National Forest
159:El Yunque National Forest
1142:Outstanding Natural Area
1122:Lakeshores and seashores
964:. Retrieved 2 Dec. 2023.
565:List of national forests
287:by ranchers and miners.
499:protection, logging of
299:Timeline of legislation
219:is a classification of
141:Sequoia National Forest
1646:Mount Baker–Snoqualmie
1197:Wilderness Study Areas
1187:Wild and Scenic Rivers
1167:Research Natural Areas
795:Cite journal requires
721:Cite journal requires
620:, an expansion in 1924
430:and nearly 50% of the
356:Endangered Species Act
251:in the United States.
208:
202:Ottawa National Forest
193:
179:
165:
147:
1018:. 29 September 2015.
474:National Park Service
402:Western United States
285:San Gabriel Mountains
199:
185:
171:
153:
135:
1741:Rogue River–Siskiyou
1336:Chattahoochee–Oconee
1291:Beaverhead–Deerlodge
1246:of the United States
844:vault.sierraclub.org
604:United States portal
379:Trump administration
313:Transfer Act of 1905
249:154 national forests
243:, a division of the
54:improve this article
18:U.S. National Forest
1941:William B. Bankhead
1341:Chequamegon–Nicolet
1044:USDA Forest Service
745:U.S. Forest Service
493:resource extraction
318:President Roosevelt
239:and managed by the
1955:Full Detailed List
1766:Samuel R. McKelvie
1681:Okanogan–Wenatchee
1626:Medicine Bow–Routt
1127:Marine Sanctuaries
1097:Conservation Areas
559:national monuments
501:old-growth forests
497:endangered species
237:federal government
209:
194:
180:
166:
148:
1971:
1970:
1706:Ozark–St. Francis
1271:Apache–Sitgreaves
1210:
1209:
1137:Natural Landmarks
984:. February 2016.
944:National Archives
867:Godfrey, Anthony
618:Clarke–McNary Act
505:clear cut logging
489:environmentalists
451:timber harvesting
273:Benjamin Harrison
227:that are largely
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
2016:
2009:National forests
1581:Lake Tahoe Basin
1536:Humboldt–Toiyabe
1244:National Forests
1237:
1230:
1223:
1214:
1213:
1202:Wildlife Refuges
1192:Wilderness Areas
1162:Recreation Areas
1117:Historical parks
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747:. Archived from
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674:. 29 July 2016.
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485:conservationists
478:wilderness areas
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1906:Wallowa–Whitman
1591:Lewis and Clark
1546:Idaho Panhandle
1486:Gifford Pinchot
1326:Caribou–Targhee
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751:on 21 June 2009
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539:due to loss of
443:Land management
440:
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384:executive order
301:
293:Theodore Lukens
277:forest reserves
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217:national forest
200:Fall colors in
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1801:Shasta–Trinity
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1771:San Bernardino
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1501:Green Mountain
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1471:Fremont–Winema
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71: –
70:
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65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
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43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
1953:
1616:Manti–La Sal
1451:Finger Lakes
1416:Daniel Boone
1276:Apalachicola
1243:
1177:Scenic Areas
1106:
1024:. Retrieved
1015:
990:. Retrieved
981:
957:
952:
942:– via
937:. Retrieved
926:
903:. Retrieved
886:
876:
868:
863:
852:. Retrieved
843:
788:cite journal
765:
753:. Retrieved
749:the original
744:
735:
714:cite journal
691:
680:. Retrieved
671:
636:State forest
590:Trees portal
556:
545:
513:mining claim
503:, intensive
491:and natural
482:
464:protection,
447:conservation
441:
425:
410:
396:the size of
394:
376:
371:Bill Clinton
289:Abbot Kinney
276:
266:
253:
223:and managed
216:
210:
191:Pennsylvania
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1961:former list
1931:White River
1896:Uncompahgre
1761:Sam Houston
1641:Monongahela
1311:Black Hills
550:and summer
548:ski resorts
415:and 23 are
306:Organic Act
281:Los Angeles
163:Puerto Rico
1978:Categories
1936:Willamette
1836:Stanislaus
1826:Six Rivers
1776:San Isabel
1736:Rio Grande
1651:Mount Hood
1621:Mark Twain
1606:Los Padres
1526:Homochitto
1496:Grand Mesa
1371:Clearwater
1306:Bitterroot
1112:Grasslands
1026:2020-10-16
992:2020-10-16
939:2020-12-01
905:2020-10-16
854:2020-10-16
682:2020-10-16
647:References
525:understory
521:shrublands
517:grasslands
470:recreation
438:Management
361:1976: The
354:1973: The
340:1960: The
311:1905: The
304:1897: The
261:See also:
155:Rainforest
145:California
80:newspapers
1921:Wenatchee
1861:Tombigbee
1856:Talladega
1746:Roosevelt
1666:Nez Perce
1656:Nantahala
1631:Mendocino
1566:Kisatchie
1436:Deschutes
1376:Cleveland
1296:Bienville
1256:Allegheny
1157:Preserves
1132:Monuments
895:0190-8286
612:Weeks Act
541:predators
537:mule deer
462:watershed
455:livestock
391:Geography
331:industry.
221:protected
1901:Uwharrie
1886:Umatilla
1876:Tuskegee
1846:Superior
1811:Shoshone
1791:Sawtooth
1786:Santa Fe
1781:San Juan
1731:Prescott
1701:Ouachita
1661:Nebraska
1576:Kootenai
1516:Hiawatha
1506:Gunnison
1476:Gallatin
1461:Flathead
1456:Fishlake
1446:Eldorado
1401:Coronado
1391:Colville
1381:Coconino
1351:Chippewa
1346:Cherokee
1266:Angelina
1152:Parkways
1020:Archived
986:Archived
933:Archived
899:Archived
848:Archived
676:Archived
576:See also
509:stumpage
466:wildlife
233:woodland
206:Michigan
110:May 2018
1866:Tongass
1831:St. Joe
1821:Siuslaw
1806:Shawnee
1796:Sequoia
1711:Payette
1691:Osceola
1686:Olympic
1611:Malheur
1596:Lincoln
1571:Klamath
1561:Kaniksu
1531:Hoosier
1426:De Soto
1406:Croatan
1396:Conecuh
1361:Chugach
1301:Bighorn
1281:Arapaho
1261:Angeles
1107:Forests
780:5021710
755:9 April
706:5021710
552:resorts
458:grazing
329:logging
257:History
211:In the
157:in the
139:in the
94:scholar
1891:Umpqua
1841:Sumter
1816:Sierra
1751:Sabine
1726:Plumas
1721:Pisgah
1696:Ottawa
1676:Ochoco
1586:Lassen
1556:Kaibab
1511:Helena
1411:Custer
1366:Cibola
1331:Carson
1286:Ashley
1172:Rivers
893:
778:
704:
468:, and
419:. The
406:Alaska
229:forest
177:Oregon
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1916:Wayne
1881:Uinta
1871:Tonto
1851:Tahoe
1671:Ocala
1636:Modoc
1441:Dixie
1431:Delta
1316:Boise
1147:Parks
546:Many
529:sheep
398:Texas
101:JSTOR
87:books
1716:Pike
1601:Lolo
1551:Inyo
1491:Gila
891:ISSN
801:help
776:OSTI
757:2020
727:help
702:OSTI
535:and
487:and
267:The
231:and
73:news
533:elk
56:by
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