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301:, a longtime family friend, from Franklin, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico. Simeon's role in the Santa Fe Trail commerce was that of setting up a trading post in New Mexico thus creating a steady flow of business for the Turley brothers to transport goods to and from Missouri. Accordingly, about 1830, Simeon established a home, trading post, mill, and distillery on the Rio Hondo. By all accounts, the site was hugely successful and was recently referred to as "the
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escaped the distillery at night only to be encountered a short distance away by a local friend who instead of getting help for Simeon, revealed Simeon's hiding spot to the insurgents who murdered him on
January 21, 1847. Only a few of Turley's men successfully escaped the attack on the mill and distillery:
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of
Colorado bought whiskey for $ 2.25 per gallon and sold it for $ 1.00 per pint, a markup of more than 300 percent. Profit was even greater for trade with the Indian tribes because the whiskey was usually watered down. Turley became one of the richest men in New Mexico as a result of his whiskey and
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before
Walmart." Plains Indian tribes would, for example, sell raw buffalo robes to Turley's Mill & Distillery where the robes were prepped for sale on the Santa Fe Trail trade caravan. "In 1843, Simeon Turley in Arroyo Hondo, New Mexico wrote to his brother Jesse in Arrow Rock, Missouri that he
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The primary structure was about 140 x 50 yards and took over a year to complete with more than 100 laborers. It was at least two stories tall plus a cellar, with the first floor consisting of basalt stone masonry and the second story adobe. The walls for each floor were about one yard thick and 13
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The mill dam on the Rio Hondo was created by building a fitted-stone abutment from each side of the wall of the canyon bottom and filling it in with earth. High waters would wash the earth away leaving the abutment, thus lessening flooding. The earth was relatively easy to replace when the waters
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The site was never rebuilt by friends or family. Simeon and his common law wife Maria Rosita Vigil y Romero had seven children who were identified in his 1847 estate papers as: Maria Alvina, Maria Pabla, Jose Andres, Thomacito, Juan de Dios, Jose Manuel, and Jose
Narsisco Vigil y Romero. Maria
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shifted to Turley's Mill and
Distillery which was besieged by about 500 Mexicans and Taos Puebloans. Eight to ten men were trapped inside the walls of the mill and distillery. Turley's Mill and Distillery was destroyed the following day. Simeon, who suffered from a bad leg since childhood had
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Simeon was apparently well-liked by locals and traders and was described by George Ruxton, who had visited the distillery just a couple of days before it was destroyed, as one who would open up his graneries to the hungry and his purse to the poor. However, on
January 20, 1847, the
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In 1830, the consumption of alcohol in the United States peaked at 7.1 gallons annually per capita. (By contrast, 21st century per capita alcohol consumption by
Americans is about 2 gallons per year.) In the 1830s and 1840s, Turley's distillery was a large producer of the
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On the south side of the Rio Hondo on a bluff overlooking the large Turley Mill and
Distillery was a long building housing the various employees, e.g., the coopers, the millers, the blacksmiths, the weavers, the farmers, the ranchers, etc. Nearby is the Taos
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of
January 1847 and the mill and distillery site was all but destroyed. Simeon Turley is buried in the Kit Carson Memorial Cemetery in Taos. The mill and distillery site was listed on the State of New Mexico Register of Cultural Properties in 1969 and on the
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Turley grew various crops for flour and meal in the long valley on both sides of the Rio Hondo. Wheat was the basis for the famous, strong whiskey, "Taos
Lightning," produced at the distillery. Simeon also mined small quantities of gold on his property.
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Rosita was granted $ 2098.50 and she and her named children were “granted all the rights titles and interest to all the land accumulating eleven hundred varas, likewise the houses, distilleries, mills…” Jesse Turley was the Legatus of the Estate and
201:. It was a mill and distillery which served as the headquarters of Simeon Turley's commercial and manufacturing empire. Simeon Turley (1809–1847) and his brothers Stephen Turley (1786–1851) and Jesse B. Turley (1801–1861) transported goods from
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residents of New Mexico were also large consumers of Turley's product, which was later called "Taos Lightening." Until the American conquest of New Mexico in 1846, Turley's distillery was outside the jurisdiction of the U.S.
1054:
Mitchell, Beth; Miller, Amelia F.; Turley Hetzler, Ruth Jean; Lindgren, Patricia Kelley; Carlisle, Denzil; Buck, Camellus Wilson; Smith, Mary Edna Mansfield; Smith, Gladys Harden; Isbell, Ray; Turley, Lester F. (1981).
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Mitchell, Beth; Miller, Amelia F.; Turley Hetzler, Ruth Jean; Lindgren, Patricia Kelley; Carlisle, Denzil; Buck, Camellus Wilson; Smith, Mary Edna Mansfield; Smith, Gladys Harden; Isbell, Ray; Turley, Lester F. (1981).
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Mitchell, Beth; Miller, Amelia F.; Turley Hetzler, Ruth Jean; Lindgren, Patricia Kelley; Carlisle, Denzil; Buck, Camellus Wilson; Smith, Mary Edna Mansfield; Smith, Gladys Harden; Isbell, Ray; Turley, Lester F. (1981).
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Mitchell, Beth; Miller, Amelia F.; Turley Hetzler, Ruth Jean; Lindgren, Patricia Kelley; Carlisle, Denzil; Buck, Camellus Wilson; Smith, Mary Edna Mansfield; Smith, Gladys Harden; Isbell, Ray; Turley, Lester F. (1981).
652:
Mitchell, Beth; Miller, Amelia F.; Turley Hetzler, Ruth Jean; Lindgren, Patricia Kelley; Carlisle, Denzil; Buck, Camellus Wilson; Smith, Mary Edna Mansfield; Smith, Gladys Harden; Isbell, Ray; Turley, Lester F. (1981).
627:
Mitchell, Beth; Miller, Amelia F.; Turley Hetzler, Ruth Jean; Lindgren, Patricia Kelley; Carlisle, Denzil; Buck, Camellus Wilson; Smith, Mary Edna Mansfield; Smith, Gladys Harden; Isbell, Ray; Turley, Lester F. (1981).
506:
Mitchell, Beth; Miller, Amelia F.; Turley Hetzler, Ruth Jean; Lindgren, Patricia Kelley; Carlisle, Denzil; Buck, Camellus Wilson; Smith, Mary Edna Mansfield; Smith, Gladys Harden; Isbell, Ray; Turley, Lester F. (1981).
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Simeon's older brothers, Stephen Turley (1786–1851) and Jesse B. Turley (1801–1861) were instrumental in arranging Simeon's move from Kentucky to New Mexico. In 1811 Stephen and Jesse settled in the
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Register of Land Titles from the New Mexico Spanish Archives Land Grant: Spanish Archives of New Mexico Series I, National Archives Record Group 49, General Land Office Records
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899:. Taos, NM: University of New Mexico, Taos University of New Mexico, Taos 2015 Fall Lecture Series "New Perspectives on Taos History" (Slide 6 of 19 entitled "The Structure").
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Lyckman, Ernest (1988). "A Review of the Ranch, Trading Post, Mill and Distillery of Simeon Turley, Canoncito, Arroyo Hondo, Taos County, New Mexico 1830–1847".
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Lyckman, Ernest (1988). "A Review of the Ranch, Trading Post, Mill and Distillery of Simeon Turley, Canoncito, Arroyo Hondo, Taos County, New Mexico 1830–1847".
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feet tall. James Josiah Webb said that he knew of only three stores in New Mexico that had wooden plank floors and one of those was Turley's Mill and Distillery
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river valleys, and sent the robes and pelts by wagon train to Missouri for them to be sold. The profits from the whiskey trade were large.
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to Benjamin Turley (1762–1812) and Nancy Ann Marllor (Noland) Turley (1765-?). Benjamin Turley had served as a private in the
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to Santa Fe and Taos. Stephen and Jesse are purported to have led an 1826 merchant caravan that carried 16-year-old
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and established the mill and distillery as a popular trading post and "watering hole." Simeon was murdered in the
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Attempts by the U.S. and Mexican governments to control the trade in alcohol were mostly ineffectual.
347:: William Hatfield, Louis Tolque, Peter Roberts, Joseph Marshall, William Austin, and Albert Tarbush.
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Indians who frequented Bent's Fort said that whiskey was first among the good things of life. The
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National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Turley Mill and Distillery Site
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National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Turley Mill and Distillery Site
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897:"The 1847 Revolt: The Beginning of Modern Taos- Turley's Mill and the Taos Rebellion of 1847"
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became Turley's traveling salesman. Autobees loaded two 10-gallon barrels of whiskey on each
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933:"Specie, Sweat and Survival: The Impact of the Santa Fe Trail on Missouri's Economy"
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region in Missouri where they soon actively engaged in Santa Fe Trail commerce from
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University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
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consumed in New Mexico and Colorado, especially by the Indian tribes. In 1835, the
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1166:. Surveyor General of New Mexico Serial 10295 Day Book A Register of Land Titles.
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Ayer y Hoy en Taos: Yesterday and Today in Taos County and Northern New Mexico
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Ayer y Hoy en Taos: Yesterday and Today in Taos County and Northern New Mexico
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962:. United States Department of Interior, National Park Service. 1978. p.
717:"Mountain Men and Life in the Rocky Mountain West: Simeon Turley – Distiller"
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was the judge. They signed the estate settlement papers on October 11, 1847
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who escaped before the insurgents arrived and rushed to Santa Fe to inform
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1096:"From New Mexico: Headquarters Army in New Mexico, Santa Fe, Feb 15, 1847"
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343:. Help did not arrive in time. Among those who died were the following
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Simeon Turley, founder of the Turley Mill and Distillery, was born in
1722:
List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
1213:"Bricklayers, Bronc Busters, and "Peddlers from the Spanish Country""
882:
Pueblo, Hardscrabble, Greenhorn: Society on the High Plains 1832–1856
328:
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1118:. United States Department of Interior, National Park Service. 1978.
1064:. Alexandria, VA: Turley Family Historical Research Assoc. pp.
848:. Alexandria, VA: Turley Family Historical Research Assoc. pp.
802:. Alexandria, VA: Turley Family Historical Research Assoc. pp.
777:. Alexandria, VA: Turley Family Historical Research Assoc. pp.
662:. Alexandria, VA: Turley Family Historical Research Assoc. pp.
637:. Alexandria, VA: Turley Family Historical Research Assoc. pp.
602:"The First Civil Governor of New Mexico under the Stars and Stripes"
516:. Alexandria, VA: Turley Family Historical Research Assoc. pp.
313:
Ruins of Turley Mill and Distillery Destroyed in 1847 Revolt in Taos
679:"Turley's Mill and the Archaeology of Latinos in the United States"
579:"Turley's Mill and the Archaeology of Latinos in the United States"
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411:. He traded the whiskey for buffalo robes and beaver pelts in the
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1029:"Out from the Shadow of Giants: The Life of Thomas Oliver Boggs"
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was shipping him '200 buffalo robes and a load of beaver.' "
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884:. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 87–89.
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under Colonel Archibald Orme's Regiment, Middle Battalion,
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of a mule train and proceeded north from Taos through the
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Maryland, U.S., Births and Christenings Index, 1662–1911
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Dissertation Submitted to Southern Methodist University
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Dissertation Submitted to Southern Methodist University
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61:
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1324:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
704:(6). Taos, NM: Taos County Historical Society: 3–5.
535:(6). Taos, NM: Taos County Historical Society: 3–5.
327:, who escaped on the night of the 20th and fled to
1778:National Register of Historic Places in New Mexico
1355:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
983:. Guilford, CT: The Globe Pequot Press. pp.
552:. Guilford, CT: The Globe Pequot Press. pp.
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1747:National Register of Historic Places portal
1100:Wilmington Journal (Wilmington, North Carolina)
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1803:Food and drink companies based in New Mexico
1179:"The Time when Americans Drank All Day Long"
869:. Caldwell, ID: Caxton Printers. p. 28.
823:. Topeka: Historical Publishing Co. p.
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1132:When Old Trails Were New: The Story of Taos
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1295:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1135:. The Press of the Pioneers Inc. p.
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37:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1211:Beyreis, David C. (Winter–Spring 2022).
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946:(4). Booneslick Historical Society: 4–9.
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866:Great Westerner: The Story of Kit Carson
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254:and the Kiowa Trail leading east to the
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452:"National Register Information System"
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1027:Gutierrez, Priscilla Shannon (2009).
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197:about 11 miles (18 km) north of
931:Dickey, Michael (Winter 2013–2014).
457:National Register of Historic Places
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220:National Register of Historic Places
209:. About 1827–1829 Simeon settled in
714:
441:
13:
1710:National Historic Preservation Act
1094:Price, Sterling (April 30, 1847).
820:History of Cooper County, Missouri
14:
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1798:Distilleries in the United States
817:Johnson, William Foreman (1919).
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685:. ProQuest LLC Number: 3725262:
585:. ProQuest LLC Number: 3725262:
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1177:O'Brien, Jane (March 9, 2015).
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475:John O. Baxter (May 17, 1976).
205:to Taos via wagon train on the
191:Turley Mill and Distillery Site
29:Turley Mill and Distillery Site
1663:Federated States of Micronesia
1309:Architectural style categories
977:Crutchfield, James A. (1995).
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546:Crutchfield, James A. (1995).
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1083:. Sunstone Press. p. 28.
1016:. Santa Fe Trail Association.
863:Blackwelder, Bernice (1962).
434:
376:mountain men and traders and
276:American War for Independence
225:It is located in what is now
94:Show map of the United States
1808:1847 in New Mexico Territory
1010:Meet Thomas (Tom) Tate Tobin
895:Gonzalez, Albert D. (2015).
677:Gonzalez, Albert D. (2015).
606:New Mexico Historical Review
577:Gonzalez, Albert D. (2015).
18:United States historic place
7:
1813:History of Taos, New Mexico
600:Walter, Paul A. F. (1931).
423:at his trading post in the
280:Montgomery County, Maryland
10:
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1715:Historic Preservation Fund
1694:American Legation, Morocco
1129:Grant, Blanche C. (1934).
756:. Provo, UT: Ancestry.com.
401:Sangre de Cristo Mountains
193:is a historic site on the
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1656:Lists by associated state
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549:It Happened in New Mexico
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1637:Northern Mariana Islands
880:Lecompte, Janet (1978).
272:Madison County, Kentucky
1788:Taos County, New Mexico
1079:Galbraith, Den (2011).
407:, and descended to the
1632:Minor Outlying Islands
1615:Lists by insular areas
1329:Keeper of the Register
1217:Great Plains Quarterly
912:Cite journal requires
732:Cite journal requires
341:Colonel Sterling Price
314:
135:36.53972°N 105.62194°W
69:Show map of New Mexico
1334:National Park Service
1314:Contributing property
1229:10.1353/gpq.2022.0000
1058:Turley Family Records
842:Turley Family Records
796:Turley Family Records
771:Turley Family Records
656:Turley Family Records
631:Turley Family Records
510:Turley Family Records
481:National Park Service
462:National Park Service
312:
154:3 acres (1.2 ha)
1689:District of Columbia
494:two photos from 1976
140:36.53972; -105.62194
1145:2027/uva.x000664558
353:Charles H. Beaubien
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715:Schaubs, Michael.
428:grain sales.
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295:Franklin, Missouri
203:Franklin, Missouri
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1201:, pp. 87–90.
359:The whiskey trade
333:Thomas Tate Tobin
325:John David Albert
250:leading north to
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1188:
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1105:
1086:
1081:Turbulent Taos
1071:
1046:
1019:
1000:
993:
969:
949:
923:
914:|journal=
887:
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855:
830:
809:
784:
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734:|journal=
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692:
669:
644:
619:
592:
569:
562:
538:
523:
498:
467:
439:
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433:
399:, crossed the
360:
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267:
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234:
233:The Structures
231:
207:Santa Fe Trail
185:
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17:
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1501:New Hampshire
1499:
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1469:
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1459:
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1199:Lecompte 1978
1195:
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1125:
1117:
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1075:
1067:
1060:
1059:
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1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1023:
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996:
994:9781560443193
990:
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563:9781560443193
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208:
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200:
196:
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182:
180:Added to NRHP
178:
175:
172:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
144:
116:
112:
109:
106:
102:
81:
56:
46:
42:
38:
33:
26:
22:
16:
1561:South Dakota
1551:Rhode Island
1546:Pennsylvania
1526:North Dakota
1257:, p. 9.
1255:Beyreis 2022
1250:
1243:Project MUSE
1223:(1–2): 6–9.
1220:
1216:
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1159:
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1114:
1108:
1102:. p. 2.
1099:
1089:
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1049:
1036:
1033:Wagon Tracks
1032:
1022:
1009:
1003:
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943:
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905:cite journal
890:
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746:
725:cite journal
710:
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609:
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582:
572:
548:
541:
532:
526:
509:
501:
484:. Retrieved
470:
455:
430:
409:Great Plains
405:La Veta Pass
386:mountain man
383:
362:
349:
345:mountain men
316:
291:Boone's Lick
284:
269:
260:
244:
240:
236:
227:Arroyo Hondo
224:
211:Arroyo Hondo
190:
188:
104:Nearest city
15:
1682:Other areas
1642:Puerto Rico
1476:Mississippi
1391:Connecticut
486:February 6,
320:Taos Revolt
215:Taos Revolt
138: /
126:105°37′19″W
114:Coordinates
1772:Categories
1591:Washington
1511:New Mexico
1506:New Jersey
1381:California
435:References
421:John Brown
299:Kit Carson
123:36°32′23″N
1601:Wisconsin
1566:Tennessee
1471:Minnesota
1446:Louisiana
1237:252356988
329:Fort Bent
242:receded.
222:in 1978.
195:Rio Hondo
1757:Category
1586:Virginia
1536:Oklahoma
1516:New York
1491:Nebraska
1481:Missouri
1466:Michigan
1456:Maryland
1441:Kentucky
1421:Illinois
1396:Delaware
1386:Colorado
1376:Arkansas
1183:BBC News
413:Arkansas
378:Hispanic
370:Cheyenne
252:Colorado
174:78001833
1703:Related
1606:Wyoming
1581:Vermont
1486:Montana
1426:Indiana
1406:Georgia
1401:Florida
1371:Arizona
1361:Alabama
366:whiskey
335:; and,
303:Walmart
289:of the
1541:Oregon
1496:Nevada
1436:Kansas
1411:Hawaii
1366:Alaska
1302:Topics
1235:
991:
560:
417:Platte
162:c.1830
1673:Palau
1571:Texas
1451:Maine
1416:Idaho
1233:S2CID
1164:(PDF)
1062:(PDF)
1039:(3):
1014:(PDF)
936:(PDF)
850:76–77
846:(PDF)
800:(PDF)
775:(PDF)
660:(PDF)
635:(PDF)
612:(2):
554:41–43
518:83–85
514:(PDF)
492:With
374:Anglo
159:Built
1627:Guam
1576:Utah
1531:Ohio
1431:Iowa
989:ISBN
918:help
738:help
558:ISBN
488:2018
415:and
393:mule
189:The
151:Area
1225:doi
1141:hdl
825:231
687:121
403:at
169:No.
1774::
1231:.
1221:42
1219:.
1215:.
1191:^
1181:.
1139:.
1137:95
1098:.
1066:84
1037:23
1035:.
1031:.
987:.
985:43
944:12
942:.
938:.
909::
907:}}
903:{{
804:74
779:84
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727:}}
723:{{
681:.
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639:84
614:12
608:.
604:.
581:.
556:.
479:.
460:.
454:.
443:^
331:;
282:.
258:.
229:.
1357::
1287:e
1280:t
1273:v
1245:.
1239:.
1227::
1185:.
1147:.
1143::
1068:.
1043:.
1041:9
997:.
966:.
964:5
920:)
916:(
852:.
827:.
806:.
781:.
740:)
736:(
719:.
689:.
666:.
641:.
616:.
610:6
589:.
587:9
566:.
520:.
496:.
490:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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