549:
407:
201:
573:
effect of mineral waters is conditioned by their complex content and particular fusion of salt components. In
Tskaltubo the bath taking has a peculiar technique, the treatment take place under the constant running water ( mineral water constantly flows in and out of the spa) and the water permanently preserves physical-chemical and mineral compositions. The water consists of six components and it penetrates into the human body via pores. Constituent ingredients in number are far below the permissible minimum, temperature of water is 33-35 °C, it is very soft, pure and odorless.
867:
171:
156:
234:
861:
181:
309:
33:
241:
208:
604:, leader of the Soviet Union at the time. Private baths and dachas of Stalin and Lavrenti Beria are still kept in the city. The mineral water flows directly into Buildings #1 and #6. There are five pools of mineral water, 37 individual cabins for bathing mineral water and 17 hydro-massage cabinets.
556:
The "Waters of
Immortality" in Tskaltubo were probably known already in the 7th-9th centuries, when the oldest historical records are dated. Since the 18th century several foreign researchers gave word of the healing properties of these springs: Berlin Society of Friends of Natural Science (1782); J.
576:
Visitor numbers to
Tsqaltubo dwindled after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, and currently the spa town only receives approximately 700 visitors a year. Since 1993 many of the sanatorium complexes have been devoted to housing some 9000 refugees, primarily women and children, displaced from their
572:
As one of
Georgia's flagship historic spa towns, the town is still popular for the qualities of its waters. Tskaltubo mineral waters are famous for their stable physical and chemical composition and they are categorized as slight radon chloride –magnesium waters. The high-performance spa preventive
510:
Tskaltubo is rich with karst caves. Such as “Satsurblia", "Prometheus" and "Sataplia" which provide visitors with breathtaking examples of stalactites, stalagmites, curtains, petrified waterfalls, cave pearls, underground rivers, and lakes. The temperature in the cave is always 13-15C.
560:
In 1920 the territory of
Tskaltubo became state property and it acquired the function of balneology resort. The building of the resort started in 1926. In 1931, a decree by the government of Georgian Soviet Republic designed Tskaltubo as a spa resort and balneology center.
517:
is the first and only
Speleotherapic - object in the Caucasus Region. The cave has unique climatic environment that gives it the ability be transformed to a recreational tourism destination for individuals with respiratory diseases ( e.g. Bronchial asthma, etc.).
564:
In 1950-1951, architects I. Zaalishvili and V. Kedia prepared a project plan for the town where sanatoriums form a circle around a park, recreation and balneology facilities. Tskaltubo was divided into the following zones: balneological, sanitarian and living.
596:
The unique radon-carbonated waters are
Tskaltubo's major mineral resource. They emerge at a comfortable temperature for bathing (35 °C), allowing them to be directly transferred from springs to the baths without cooling or heating.
568:
In 1953, Tskaltubo became the important spa-resort during the Soviet times. At different times, there were built 19 sanatoriums and pensions, nine baths, resort park, Branch of
Scientific Institute of balneology and physiotherapy.
528:
is one of the longest caves in
Georgia. Visitors can see halls of Argonauts, Colchis, Medea, Love, and Prometheus and of Iberia, the excursion can be finished by foot or by a 15-minute boat ride an underground river.
557:
Klaproth (1815); A. Jolenberg (1897). By 1920, after chemical analysis had revealed the uniqueness of the water, Tskaltubo was officially declared a medical spa resort and achieve the status of city in 1953.
754:
540:
Another factor in
Tskaltubo is its architecture which is basically a synthesis of Stalinist period classical style and of Georgian ethnic decor with Gothic and Roman features.
507:. The climate in Tskaltubo is warm and moderately mild. The average annual temperature is +15C, and average annual precipitation is 76%. Winters here are warm and mild.
487:
Currently the spa receives only some 700 visitors a year, however, there are numerous restoration projects to promote the regeneration of this historic spa town.
532:
Sataplia reserve is known for its footprints of dinosaurs. The reserve also has a karst caves. There is a transparent platform that gives views of the area.
1660:
747:
723:
740:
1655:
522:, or underground climate-therapy, is a set of recreational therapy methods based on the use of underground microclimate to improve health.
695:
269:
548:
1650:
465:
for circulatory, nervous, musculo-skeletal, gynaecological and skin diseases, but since the 1970s its repertoire has included "
200:
1640:
763:
97:
458:, whose natural temperature of 33–35 °C (91–95 °F) enables the water to be used without preliminary heating.
69:
1357:
116:
1665:
525:
406:
76:
233:
333:
54:
155:
648:
1645:
866:
578:
170:
83:
588:
There have been a number of plans and projects to renovate and reconstitute Tskaltubo as a major resort.
499:, 98 meters above the sea-level, in the valley of the river Tskaltubo. It is located 9 km away from
50:
65:
17:
600:
The "Spring No. 6", is the largest thermal bath working today. It was built in 1950 exclusively for
379:
180:
469:", in which the cool dust-free environment of local caves is said to benefit pulmonary diseases.
43:
1213:
612:
440:
338:
301:
495:
Tskaltubo is located in the central part of west Georgia, in the lowland, at the foot of the
860:
616:
8:
1540:
732:
1282:
90:
1146:
767:
436:
422:
314:
991:
842:
1517:
1486:
1181:
514:
1533:
1106:
496:
1634:
1506:
1312:
1188:
903:
601:
519:
481:
466:
462:
455:
284:
271:
1497:
1405:
1374:
1233:
473:
1435:
1307:
1297:
1291:
1264:
1258:
956:
800:
1522:
1368:
1318:
1075:
950:
917:
815:
810:
484:, and visitors can see the private pool where he bathed on his visits.
476:
era, attracting around 125,000 visitors a year. Bathhouse 9 features a
1465:
1425:
1339:
1174:
1167:
1131:
1121:
1069:
1044:
1039:
924:
835:
821:
790:
452:
366:
32:
1527:
1479:
1472:
1440:
1385:
1346:
1332:
1243:
1202:
1155:
1126:
1111:
1029:
1024:
970:
963:
944:
890:
849:
828:
775:
582:
432:
1618:
1600:
1586:
1572:
1554:
1458:
1451:
1430:
1420:
1414:
1379:
1325:
1302:
1222:
1195:
1161:
1116:
1101:
1086:
1054:
1049:
1018:
1009:
977:
805:
784:
628:
552:
Sanatorium of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union in 1957
504:
500:
444:
326:
1579:
1547:
1445:
1392:
1271:
1253:
1228:
1136:
1095:
984:
896:
884:
875:
477:
371:
321:
696:"The plan of Tskaltubo as the 'Spa Capital of Eastern Europe'"
1512:
1238:
1034:
998:
935:
910:
795:
448:
670:
393:
1593:
1248:
1064:
762:
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1632:
663:
426:
748:
689:
687:
615:, founded in 1945, is one the country's top
1661:Populated places in Tsqaltubo Municipality
755:
741:
503:and 240 km from the Georgian capital
684:
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
547:
472:Tskaltubo was especially popular in the
405:
651:. National Statistics Office of Georgia
14:
1633:
693:
591:
736:
55:adding citations to reliable sources
26:
1656:Natural environment based therapies
724:Russians seeking sun, sea and cures
694:Applis, Stefan (2 September 2020).
24:
25:
1677:
717:
240:
207:
865:
859:
307:
239:
232:
206:
199:
179:
169:
154:
31:
776:Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia
535:
42:needs additional citations for
1651:Spa towns in Georgia (country)
728:New York Times (July 16, 1982)
700:SPACES, PLACES & PRACTICES
641:
447:province. It is known for its
13:
1:
876:Autonomous Republic of Adjara
671:"Tskaltubo Municipal Website"
634:
439:. It is the main town of the
410:Hotel Shakhtiori in the 1950s
1565:Cities with local government
490:
7:
1641:Cities and towns in Imereti
622:
10:
1682:
857:
764:Cities, towns and townlets
543:
1610:
1564:
1496:
1404:
1356:
1281:
1212:
1145:
1085:
1008:
934:
874:
774:
461:The resort's focus is on
427:
388:
378:
365:
357:
352:
344:
332:
320:
300:
265:
193:
165:
160:Tskaltubo Railway Station
153:
146:
140:
136:
607:
348:120 m (390 ft)
131:Town in Imereti, Georgia
1666:Refugee camps in Europe
649:"Population by regions"
1214:Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti
553:
441:Tsqaltubo Municipality
411:
551:
409:
285:42.32639°N 42.60056°E
51:improve this article
1646:Kutaisi Governorate
1358:Racha-Lechkhumi and
613:Samgurali Tskaltubo
592:Mineral water baths
281: /
256:Show map of Georgia
253:Tskaltubo (Georgia)
223:Show map of Imereti
1283:Samtskhe-Javakheti
554:
412:
358: • Total
290:42.32639; 42.60056
1628:
1627:
1147:Mtskheta-Mtianeti
497:Southern Caucasus
404:
403:
127:
126:
119:
101:
16:(Redirected from
1673:
992:Kveda Nasakirali
869:
863:
757:
750:
743:
734:
733:
711:
710:
708:
706:
691:
682:
681:
679:
677:
667:
661:
660:
658:
656:
645:
435:in west-central
430:
429:
400:
397:
395:
313:
311:
310:
296:
295:
293:
292:
291:
286:
282:
279:
278:
277:
274:
257:
243:
242:
236:
224:
210:
209:
203:
183:
173:
158:
134:
133:
122:
115:
111:
108:
102:
100:
59:
35:
27:
21:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1675:
1674:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1606:
1560:
1492:
1400:
1359:
1352:
1277:
1208:
1141:
1081:
1004:
930:
870:
864:
855:
770:
761:
720:
715:
714:
704:
702:
692:
685:
675:
673:
669:
668:
664:
654:
652:
647:
646:
642:
637:
625:
610:
594:
546:
538:
526:Prometheus cave
515:Satsurblia cave
493:
456:mineral springs
392:
374:(Georgian Time)
308:
306:
289:
287:
283:
280:
275:
272:
270:
268:
267:
261:
260:
259:
258:
255:
254:
251:
250:
249:
248:
244:
227:
226:
225:
222:
221:
218:
217:
216:
215:
211:
189:
188:
187:
186:
177:
176:
161:
149:
142:
139:
132:
123:
112:
106:
103:
60:
58:
48:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1679:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1622:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1576:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1551:
1544:
1537:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1502:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1455:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1410:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1389:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1364:
1362:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1343:
1336:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1287:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1275:
1268:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1218:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1159:
1151:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1107:Dedoplistsqaro
1104:
1099:
1091:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1014:
1012:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1002:
995:
988:
981:
974:
967:
960:
953:
948:
940:
938:
932:
931:
929:
928:
921:
914:
907:
900:
893:
888:
880:
878:
872:
871:
858:
856:
854:
853:
846:
839:
832:
825:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
780:
778:
772:
771:
760:
759:
752:
745:
737:
731:
730:
719:
718:External links
716:
713:
712:
683:
662:
639:
638:
636:
633:
632:
631:
624:
621:
609:
606:
593:
590:
545:
542:
537:
534:
492:
489:
402:
401:
390:
386:
385:
382:
376:
375:
369:
363:
362:
359:
355:
354:
350:
349:
346:
342:
341:
336:
330:
329:
324:
318:
317:
304:
298:
297:
263:
262:
252:
246:
245:
238:
237:
231:
230:
229:
228:
219:
213:
212:
205:
204:
198:
197:
196:
195:
194:
191:
190:
184:
178:
174:
168:
167:
166:
163:
162:
159:
151:
150:
147:
144:
143:
137:
130:
125:
124:
39:
37:
30:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1678:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1360:Kvemo Svaneti
1355:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1189:Stepantsminda
1186:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1001:
1000:
996:
994:
993:
989:
987:
986:
982:
980:
979:
975:
973:
972:
968:
966:
965:
961:
959:
958:
954:
952:
949:
947:
946:
942:
941:
939:
937:
933:
927:
926:
922:
920:
919:
915:
913:
912:
908:
906:
905:
901:
899:
898:
894:
892:
889:
887:
886:
882:
881:
879:
877:
873:
868:
862:
852:
851:
847:
845:
844:
840:
838:
837:
833:
831:
830:
826:
824:
823:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
786:
782:
781:
779:
777:
773:
769:
765:
758:
753:
751:
746:
744:
739:
738:
735:
729:
725:
722:
721:
701:
697:
690:
688:
672:
666:
650:
644:
640:
630:
627:
626:
620:
618:
614:
605:
603:
602:Joseph Stalin
598:
589:
586:
584:
580:
577:homes by the
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
550:
541:
533:
530:
527:
523:
521:
520:Speleotherapy
516:
512:
508:
506:
502:
498:
488:
485:
483:
479:
475:
470:
468:
467:speleotherapy
464:
463:balneotherapy
459:
457:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
424:
420:
416:
408:
399:
391:
387:
383:
381:
377:
373:
370:
368:
364:
360:
356:
351:
347:
343:
340:
337:
335:
331:
328:
325:
323:
319:
316:
305:
303:
299:
294:
266:Coordinates:
264:
235:
202:
192:
182:
172:
164:
157:
152:
145:
135:
129:
121:
118:
110:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
78:
75:
71:
68: –
67:
63:
62:Find sources:
56:
52:
46:
45:
40:This article
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
1617:
1611:Capital city
1599:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1553:
1546:
1539:
1532:
1505:
1498:Shida Kartli
1485:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1450:
1413:
1406:Kvemo Kartli
1391:
1384:
1367:
1345:
1338:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1290:
1270:
1263:
1221:
1201:
1194:
1187:
1180:
1173:
1166:
1154:
1094:
1074:
1059:
1017:
997:
990:
983:
976:
969:
962:
955:
943:
923:
916:
909:
902:
895:
883:
848:
841:
834:
827:
820:
791:Akhali Atoni
783:
727:
703:. Retrieved
699:
674:. Retrieved
665:
653:. Retrieved
643:
611:
599:
595:
587:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
539:
536:Architecture
531:
524:
513:
509:
494:
486:
471:
460:
418:
414:
413:
128:
113:
107:January 2021
104:
94:
87:
80:
73:
61:
49:Please help
44:verification
41:
1436:Tetritsqaro
1308:Ninotsminda
1298:Akhalkalaki
1292:Akhaltsikhe
1265:Chkhorotsqu
1259:Tsalenjikha
957:Chokhatauri
705:22 November
676:29 November
288: /
66:"Tsqaltubo"
1635:Categories
1523:Tskhinvali
1369:Ambrolauri
1319:Abastumani
1076:Kharagauli
951:Lanchkhuti
918:Ochkhamuri
816:Tkvarcheli
811:Ochamchire
635:References
581:in nearby
433:spa resort
353:Population
276:42°36′02″E
273:42°19′35″N
77:newspapers
1466:Khramhesi
1426:Gardabani
1340:Bakuriani
1175:Pasanauri
1168:Akhalgori
1132:Sighnaghi
1122:Lagodekhi
1070:Zestaponi
1060:Tsqaltubo
1045:Samtredia
1040:Sachkhere
925:Shuakhevi
843:Leselidze
836:Gulripshi
822:Bichvinta
491:Geography
453:carbonate
419:Tsqaltubo
415:Tskaltubo
394:tskaltubo
380:Area code
367:Time zone
345:Elevation
339:Tskaltubo
247:Tskaltubo
220:Tskaltubo
214:Tskaltubo
138:Tskaltubo
18:Tskaltubo
1528:Khashuri
1487:Trialeti
1480:Tamarisi
1473:Manglisi
1441:Marneuli
1386:Lentekhi
1347:Tsagveri
1333:Aspindza
1244:Martvili
1203:Zhinvali
1156:Mtskheta
1127:Sagarejo
1112:Gurjaani
1030:Chiatura
1025:Baghdati
971:Gomismta
964:Bakhmaro
945:Ozurgeti
891:Kobuleti
829:Gantiadi
655:28 April
623:See also
617:football
583:Abkhazia
579:conflict
428:წყალტუბო
423:Georgian
384:+995 436
334:District
141:წყალტუბო
1619:Tbilisi
1601:Rustavi
1587:Kutaisi
1573:Tbilisi
1555:Kornisi
1459:Kazreti
1452:Bediani
1431:Dmanisi
1421:Bolnisi
1415:Rustavi
1380:Tsageri
1326:Adigeni
1303:Borjomi
1223:Zugdidi
1196:Tianeti
1162:Dusheti
1117:Kvareli
1102:Akhmeta
1087:Kakheti
1055:Tkibuli
1050:Terjola
1019:Kutaisi
1010:Imereti
978:Laituri
850:Miusera
806:Gudauta
785:Sukhumi
768:Georgia
629:Imereti
619:teams.
544:History
505:Tbilisi
501:Kutaisi
445:Imereti
443:of the
437:Georgia
431:) is a
389:Website
327:Imereti
315:Georgia
302:Country
91:scholar
1580:Batumi
1548:Surami
1518:Kareli
1446:Tsalka
1393:Kvaisa
1272:Mestia
1254:Senaki
1229:Abasha
1137:Tsnori
1096:Telavi
985:Naruja
897:Chakvi
885:Batumi
482:Stalin
478:frieze
474:Soviet
425::
322:Region
312:
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
1534:Agara
1513:Kaspi
1239:Khobi
1234:Jvari
1182:Sioni
1035:Khoni
999:Ureki
936:Guria
911:Khulo
796:Gagra
608:Sport
449:radon
372:UTC+4
361:7,378
98:JSTOR
84:books
1594:Poti
1541:Java
1507:Gori
1313:Vale
1249:Poti
1065:Vani
904:Keda
801:Gali
707:2022
678:2022
657:2024
396:.gov
185:Seal
175:Flag
148:Town
70:news
1375:Oni
766:in
480:of
417:or
398:.ge
53:by
1637::
726:.
698:.
686:^
585:.
756:e
749:t
742:v
709:.
680:.
659:.
451:-
421:(
120:)
114:(
109:)
105:(
95:·
88:·
81:·
74:·
47:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
