564:
596:
474:, and the concomitant spread of ecological awareness. Indeed, the scarcity of fuel available for private traffic had necessitated increased frequency of public transport. However, to avoid excessively intensive bus traffic in the streets of Old Town, it was decided to divert the conventional buses onto the ring roads. This left only the trolleybuses in the city centre, to operate the two north-south and east-west bus lines, the high frequency lines. Limited availability of trolleybuses enabled the continued operation of the important line
128:
220:
486:
383:
22:
1432:
875:
1284:
861:
1208:
655:
543:
system to the most modern dictates, by reconstructing the overhead wire to make it suitable for higher speeds, and increasing the voltage from 600 V to 750 V. All of these extensive works necessitated the suspension of all trolleybus service from 30 October 1995 until May 2000. In addition to the infrastructure upgrade and expansion, fleet improvements were also approved. ATCM placed an order for 10 new
529:(abbreviated as "6/"), being the reinforcement of a longer, conventional bus route. The network was then stable for nearly two decades, because all of the investment funds of AMCM (absorbed in 1988 by ATCM) were directed, throughout the 1980s, to the renewal of the fleet of trolleybuses. However, despite the receipt of 14 new
714:
2 July, routes 6 and 11 were revised in the city centre, with route 6 no longer serving the railway station, leaving unused the relatively new wiring along Viale
Berengario, and route 11 taking over from route 6 the service along Corso Canal Grande and via Piazza Roma. The outer termini of both routes were unchanged.
615:
to trolleybuses. This change coincided with a reorganization of routes, such that route 11 took over the city centre – Sant'Anna portion of route 6, and the latter was diverted north/west of the city centre to instead run to Via Santi (also known as Uffici
Comunali), a new route section which opened
373:
lacked the resources to extend the line westward to the village of
Madonnina (and in particular to equip the homonymous overpass with overhead wires). The line was therefore operated by conventional buses until 1959, when the Madonnina extension was finally electrified, and the opportunity was taken
542:
In the mid-1990s, the outlook for the trolleybus system improved greatly, as a plan (known as the "Husler Plan", after its editor, the Swiss engineer Willi Husler) was prepared for the reform of the entire system. It provided for upgrades and extensions, and the opportunity was taken to rebuild the
412:
was "temporarily" suspended, to allow the construction of the
Crocetta overpass (on which it was planned to install the overhead wire to extend the line). Then, on 24 July 1965, the line was diverted to the new hospital (Policlinico). The line along la Crocetta was abandoned, and later permanently
796:
Fiat 2411 Cansa CGE (6 trolleybuses, nos. 29-34), registered in 1959 - the last units ceased service in 1986; no. 33, was maintained for training drivers until the end of the 1980s, and has been preserved as a historic vehicle - after a careful external restoration, it is now located at the outdoor
765:
On
Saturday afternoons and Sundays, routes 6, 7 and 11 are replaced by 6A, 7A and 11A. Route 6A terminates at Autostazione, not serving the section to Via Santi. Routes 7A and 11A are designed to avoid the section of Via Emilia that is pedestrianised at these times (between Corso Duomo and Corso
713:
was extended from the
Hospital (Policlinico) east to Via Gottardi, partly running along private roads through the hospital grounds, but temporarily converted to motorbuses pending certification of the new wiring; trolleybus service on the new extension was introduced on 8 October 2007. Also on
571:
In 2000, trolleybus service in Modena resumed after a nearly four-year suspension. The return of trolleybuses was ceremonially marked on 13 May 2000 by the operation of two decorated
Autodromo trolleybuses through the city centre, without passengers, and the display of a preserved vintage
721:
In spring 2012, route 6 was extended a second time at its southern end, by about 250 metres (820 ft) from Via Forlì to Via
Chinnici, along new streets built in 2011 to serve new apartment blocks. The service was extended on 11 April, but temporarily using diesel buses, and regular
848:
as a separate company, Viseon Bus, including the designs and production facilities. Modena trolleybuses 06–07 were built by Viseon in 2009–10 and delivered in July 2010, but then were returned to the factory for modifications, and did not finally enter service until 2013.
555:
chassis), and also made plans to refurbish the 14 Socimi vehicles, which needed modification to enable them to operate at the planned higher voltage. The Socimi trolleybuses were also fitted with auxiliary batteries permitting limited movement away from the
290:
In operation since 1950, the system has undergone several phases of expansion and contraction over the decades, including a re-launching since the start of 2000. It presently comprises three lines, and is one of the largest trolleybus systems in Italy.
803:
Fiat 2411 Cansa CGE (4 trolleybuses, nos. 42-45 (ex-61, 62, 63 and 65 ATAM Livorno)), purchased upon the closure of the
Livorno trolleybus system in 1974 - retired in 1986, and were purchased in 1991 by the Dopolavoro Ferroviario di Livorno for museum
843:
The
Neoplan and Viseon vehicles are almost identical and were built in the same factory. The last two vehicles (nos. 06–07) were ordered from Neoplan in 2008, but in early 2009 Neoplan's production of trolleybuses and special-purpose buses was
717:
Effective 1 January 2012, a reorganization saw the replacement of Azienda Trasporti Collettivi e Mobilita (ATCM) by SocietĂ Emiliana Trasporti Autofiloviari S.p.A. (SETA) as the operator of all urban transit service in Modena..
533:
trolleybuses (with Iveco chassis) in 1986, aging infrastructure and other issues made the use of trolleybuses sporadic by the 1990s, and on route 6-barrato it ceased entirely in 1993, leaving only route 7 trolleybus-operated.
583:
to trolleybuses followed on 13 November 2000, now operating Sant'Anna – city centre – Via Forlì, bringing into use new wiring along Corso Canal Grande (in place of Via Farini) in the city centre and extensions at
800:
Fiat 2411 Menarini Marelli (6 trolleybuses, nos. 35-41), acquired in 1964, served until 1986 - no. 37, when retired, was taken to the National Museum of Transport in La Spezia, where it still awaits restoration;
766:
Canal Grande), and they essentially exchange their city-centre routings. Route 7A is diverted via Piazza Roma, and 11A is diverted via Autostazione, but all four of their outer termini are unchanged.
394:
were starting to be seen as more flexible, at intersections as traffic became chaotic, and in enabling Modena's transport network to cover urban expansion without the need for new infrastructure.
572:
Modena trolleybus, 1959-built Fiat/Cansa no. 33. The actual resumption of trolleybus service occurred two days later, on Monday, 15 May 2000, with the reopening of the renovated line
333:
320:
Viale Buon Pastore - San Cataldo) were opened on 22 January 1950. In the following months, the system was expanded gradually at the expense of the trams, with all of the initial lines (
1379:
793:
Fiat 2401 Cansa Marelli: (2 trolleybuses, nos. 27-28), entered service in 1953 - due to several problems with the steering and electrical systems, these units were withdrawn in 1967;
437:
647:
On Saturday afternoons and Sundays, lines 6 and 7 were replaced by lines 60 and 70, which had routings intended to avoid a section of Via Emilia in the city centre which was
433:
1317:
441:
1312:
1369:
1327:
456:, which was transformed into a conventional bus line and extended. Finally, on 2 October 1972, under the pretext of converting Viale Fabrizi to one-way traffic, line
786:
Fiat 668/F 131 Cansa Marelli (12 trolleybuses, nos. 15-26), entered service between 1949 and 1950 - the last remaining were retired in 1972, upon the closure of line
1272:
1250:
132:
616:
to trolleybuses on that date. Another newly built trolleybus extension that opened on 11 June 2001 was to Via Gramsci, which had been served by
759:
Sant'Anna – Sacca – Stazione FS – Piazza Roma – Corso Canal Grande – Corso Canal Chiaro – Piazza Risorgimento – Via Giardini – Viale dello Zodiaco
436:. This extension was constructed from scratch. The following years saw only contraction of Modena's trolleybus system. The closure in 1964 of the
624:. These openings and route changes resulted in the trolleybus network comprising the following three routes on weekdays and Saturday mornings:
1233:
1024:
567:
Trolleybus decorated in celebration of the resumption of trolleybus service and the entry into service of new low-floor vehicles, in May 2000.
1404:
1265:
611:
The final stage of the trolleybus system's major renovation and expansion was completed on 11 June 2001, with the conversion of bus route
790:; no. 17 was bought by a private purchaser, and is still visible, although in poor condition, in a private forest at Serramazzoni (MO);
402:
86:
827:
Autodromo BusOtto, with MAN NGT 204F chassis (10 articulated trolleybuses, nos. 25–34); built 1999–2000 and entered service in 2000.
1258:
505:
shuttle bus service to the railway station. At the end of the period of austerity, after the need to ensure high frequencies, the
417:, routed via Largo Porta Sant'Agostino to Modena railway station, and following the new routing at Viale Monte Kosica. Also, line
58:
1212:
39:
833:
Electroliner N6316 (5 trolleybuses, nos. 01–05); built 2007–08 and entered service in late 2008 (01–03) and August 2009 (04–05).
350:
In 1952, after almost two years of service, it became necessary to revise the system, in light of observed traffic flows. Line
1814:
563:
1280:
65:
1829:
1488:
365:
was opened (Piazza Torre - Via Farini - Sacca), to provide a proper service to the new Sacca district, located north of the
1824:
1411:
1374:
1364:
1307:
730:
On Mondays to Fridays and on Saturday mornings, the routes comprising the present Modena trolleybus system are as follows:
338:
670:, the 1996–2000 construction programme including creation of the following new sections of trolleybus route from scratch:
1809:
1643:
1337:
893:
312:
network with a trolleybus system, believed to be more efficient and modern. The first two lines of the planned system (
72:
1416:
1227:
1219:
620:
route 11, but concurrent with its conversion to trolleybuses, became instead served by a route 7, extended north from
230:
1302:
1191:
937:
105:
444:, reduced the importance of Modena's "little station" (Modena Piazza Manzoni railway station), and trolleybus lines
386:
One of the Cansa-bodied Fiat trolleybuses that formed part of the fleet from 1959 to 1986, seen on display in 2000.
54:
1440:
1332:
201:
43:
1503:
1029:
839:
Electroliner N6316 (2 trolleybuses, nos. 06–07); built 2009–10, but did not enter service until October 2013.
390:
In later years, new extensions came into service, but were accompanied by the first closures. Conventional
347:), with the southern portion configured as a two-way loop, line 1 running clockwise and 2 counterclockwise.
1394:
1244:
1563:
1322:
739:
Via Santi – Autostazione – Corso Canal Chiaro – Piazza Risorgimento – Viale Buon Pastore – Via Chinnici
1431:
1688:
1357:
592:
at Sant'Anna in 1996. The refurbished Socimi trolleybuses of 1986 returned to service at that time.
366:
588:
ends: from Sacca to Sant'Anna and from Viale Buon Pastore to Via Forlì. ATCM had opened a large new
79:
1673:
1663:
1752:
1735:
1668:
32:
960:
1718:
1708:
1678:
1658:
1022:
Morgan, S. (October 2000). "Obusse kehren nach Modena zurĂĽck" (Trolleybuses return to Modena).
888:
748:
621:
329:
1788:
1713:
1698:
1693:
1683:
1399:
1342:
1730:
8:
1508:
674:
Staz. Autolinee (also known as Autostazione) - Via Santi, which largely follows the line
1230:(much less information than the Italian version; see infobox above for the main address)
814:
F8833 (14 trolleybuses, nos. 11–24), entered service in 1986; Retired at the end of 2019
497:
Less than a year later, on 15 June 1974, a further change took place, transforming line
845:
783:
Fiat 668/F 122 Cansa CGE (4 trolleybuses, nos. 11-14), originally destined for Catania;
595:
643:: Sant'Anna – Stazione FS – Autostazione (intercity bus station) – Viale dello Zodiaco
328:) opening by 21 October 1950. Lines 1 and 2 were an "inter-station" service, between
1625:
1513:
1187:
956:
933:
779:
The following trolleybuses have been used on the Modena system, but are now retired:
648:
1610:
1596:
1543:
1518:
1243:
Where inline citations are absent, this article is based upon a translation of the
1036:
751:– Viale Monte Kosica – Autostazione – Largo Garibaldi – Policlinico – Via Gottardi
276:
262:
254:
1819:
1773:
1603:
1579:
1533:
1523:
1347:
544:
284:
136:
127:
823:
Modena's present trolleybus fleet is made up of only the following three types:
637:: Via Gramsci – Stazione FS – Autostazione (intercity bus station) – Policlinico
1558:
1538:
1528:
1352:
696:
new line from Piazzale Risorgimento to Viale dello Zodiaco, including the line
557:
429:
405:
280:
219:
210:
157:
955:
No. 229 (January–February 2000), p. 17. National Trolleybus Association (UK).
470:
The long sequence of closures was stopped, at least in part, by the so-called
1803:
1548:
1453:
1448:
1294:
485:
1553:
1468:
880:
866:
576:. The new Autodromo articulated trolleybuses entered service on that date.
382:
1478:
1463:
1458:
452:. Both lines were therefore closed on 21 August 1968, together with line
1473:
836:
589:
248:
369:. This line remained in operation for little more than one year; the
1783:
1723:
1633:
1421:
548:
1161:
Bedoni, Alessandro; Cantoni, Massimiliano; Fantini, Giorgio (2003).
631:: Via Santi – Viale Berengario – Piazza Roma (Accademia) – Via Forlì
21:
1389:
681:
extension from Via Conco (near Buon Pastore terminus) to Via Forlì;
617:
391:
722:
operation with trolleybuses did not begin until 15 May 2012.
662:
In detail, in addition to the reconstruction of the two old lines
428:
was inaugurated from Viale Buon Pastore to Via Conco, including a
1183:
929:
830:
1207:
811:
654:
600:
552:
530:
490:
272:
267:
153:
807:
604:
560:. The first Autodromo vehicle was delivered in spring 1999.
1174:
Gregoris, Paolo; Rizzoli, Francesco; Serra, Claudio (2003).
920:
Gregoris, Paolo; Rizzoli, Francesco; Serra, Claudio (2003).
1778:
1384:
651:
at those times. (These were renumbered 6A and 7A in 2007.)
309:
207:
1167:
Rails in the Sky. Half a Century of Trolleybuses in Modena
607:
trolleybus at the Zodiaco terminus of route 11 in 2007.
440:, and the planned closure (implemented in 1969) of the
413:
deleted (on 18 June 1966) and replaced by the new line
401:
was extended to the Sacca district, to serve the new
1288:
Urban public transport networks and systems in Italy
1173:
1160:
919:
856:
139:, on the first day of service for the type, in 2000.
678:
branch line to San Cataldo that was closed in 1972;
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1163:Binari nel cielo. Mezzo secolo di filovie a Modena
482:. The reform came into force on 1 October 1973.
1801:
1220:History of the system, on the SETA official site
551:trolleybuses with Modena-based Autodromo (with
658:Interior of a Modena MAN/Autodromo trolleybus.
1266:
687:Corso Canal Grande (in place of Via Farini);
377:
1234:Images of the Modena trolleybus system, at
700:branch line to San Faustino closed in 1968.
374:for a second reorganisation of the system.
1273:
1259:
126:
1169:] (in Italian). Modena: RFM Edizione.
1136:No. 288 (November–December 2009), p. 139.
1095:No. 305 (September–October 2012), p. 119.
1056:No. 276 (November–December 2007), p. 135.
996:No. 233 (September–October 2000), p. 116.
984:No. 239 (September–October 2001), p. 117.
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1105:
1103:
1101:
653:
594:
562:
484:
424:On 2 October 1967, an extension of line
381:
308:of Modena decided to replace the city's
1148:No. 295 (January–February 2011), p. 19.
1112:No. 313 (January–February 2014), p. 22.
1076:
1074:
1068:No. 277 (January–February 2008), p. 16.
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1002:
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969:
354:was extended, and there was a new line
1802:
915:
913:
397:Specifically, on 8 December 1963 line
1254:
1186:: Calosci Editore. pp. 166–170.
1139:
1127:
1115:
1098:
1086:
932:: Calosci Editore. pp. 166–170.
513:shuttles could be deleted, and lines
334:Modena Piazza Manzoni railway station
1071:
1059:
1042:
999:
987:
966:
946:
44:adding citations to reliable sources
15:
910:
894:List of trolleybus systems in Italy
525:trolleybus assumed the designation
408:district, and on 14 June 1965 line
13:
1124:No. 284 (March–April 2009), p. 39.
1083:No. 304 (July–August 2012), p. 95.
1013:No. 236 (March–April 2001), p. 41.
693:extension from Sacca to Sant'Anna;
489:The fleet was renewed with 14 new
14:
1841:
1201:
478:, but forced the closure of line
361:On 30 September 1954, a new line
1430:
1282:
1206:
873:
859:
818:
218:
20:
1228:English version of SETA website
690:Sacca overpass - Viale Gramsci;
31:needs additional citations for
1016:
1:
1815:Trolleybus transport in Italy
1035:, p. 50. Freiburg, Germany:
904:
774:
345:Stazione Ferrovie Provinciali
299:
1830:1950 establishments in Italy
704:
599:A refurbished and repainted
463:
421:to Madonnina was abandoned.
7:
1825:Transport in Emilia-Romagna
1180:Tour of Italy by Trolleybus
926:Tour of Italy by Trolleybus
852:
725:
10:
1846:
1810:Trolleybus systems by city
899:
537:
316:Centro - San Faustino and
294:
169:Trolleybus era: since 1950
1766:
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1624:
1588:
1572:
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1293:
378:Expansion and contraction
330:Modena FS railway station
259:Rete filoviaria di Modena
217:
168:
164:
149:
144:
125:
120:
1245:Italian language version
1176:Giro d'Italia in filobus
1154:
922:Giro d'Italia in filobus
769:
265:network of the city and
121:Modena trolleybus system
55:"Trolleybuses in Modena"
797:storage of ATCM Modena;
558:overhead trolley wiring
521:reactivated. The line
1213:Trolleybuses in Modena
889:Modena railway station
709:On 2 July 2007, route
659:
608:
579:The reopening of line
568:
494:
434:SEFTA line to Sassuolo
387:
258:
137:articulated trolleybus
1215:at Wikimedia Commons
657:
598:
566:
493:trolleybuses in 1986.
488:
385:
367:Milan–Bologna railway
1182:] (in Italian).
928:] (in Italian).
438:railway to Mirandola
261:) forms part of the
40:improve this article
1146:Trolleybus Magazine
1134:Trolleybus Magazine
1122:Trolleybus Magazine
1110:Trolleybus Magazine
1093:Trolleybus Magazine
1081:Trolleybus Magazine
1066:Trolleybus Magazine
1054:Trolleybus Magazine
1011:Trolleybus Magazine
994:Trolleybus Magazine
982:Trolleybus Magazine
953:Trolleybus Magazine
196:2012–present: SETA
1634:Metromare (Rimini)
1573:Under construction
660:
609:
569:
501:and extending the
495:
442:railway to Vignola
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1247:as at July 2011.
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747:Viale Gramsci –
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1584:
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1564:Trieste–Opicina
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1380:Reggio Calabria
1348:Circumvesuviana
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911:
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902:
879:
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865:
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858:
855:
821:
777:
772:
728:
707:
540:
468:
380:
336:
302:
297:
232:
202:Electrification
195:
194:1988–2011: ATCM
193:
172:
170:
140:
112:
101:
95:
92:
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37:
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12:
11:
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1843:
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1500:
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1471:
1466:
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1156:
1153:
1151:
1150:
1138:
1126:
1114:
1097:
1085:
1070:
1058:
1041:
1015:
998:
986:
965:
945:
938:
908:
906:
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834:
828:
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741:
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737:
727:
724:
706:
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702:
701:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
649:pedestrianised
645:
644:
638:
632:
590:depot (garage)
539:
536:
467:
462:
430:level crossing
406:public housing
379:
376:
301:
298:
296:
293:
285:northern Italy
281:Emilia-Romagna
241:
240:
237:
236:
228:
224:
223:
215:
214:
204:
198:
197:
190:
186:
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178:
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162:
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158:Emilia-Romagna
151:
147:
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142:
141:
131:
123:
122:
114:
113:
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1842:
1831:
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1823:
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1818:
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1805:
1790:
1787:
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1777:
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1772:
1771:
1769:
1767:People movers
1765:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1747:
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1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1725:
1722:
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1442:
1441:Rapid transit
1438:
1433:
1423:
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1415:
1413:
1410:
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1359:
1358:Naples–Aversa
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1343:Circumflegrea
1341:
1340:
1339:
1336:
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1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1295:Commuter rail
1292:
1276:
1271:
1269:
1264:
1262:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1238:
1237:
1236:photorail.com
1232:
1229:
1226:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1209:
1195:
1193:88-7785-193-7
1189:
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1177:
1172:
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1142:
1135:
1130:
1123:
1118:
1111:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1094:
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1082:
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1075:
1067:
1062:
1055:
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1038:
1034:
1031:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1007:
1005:
1003:
995:
990:
983:
978:
976:
974:
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970:
962:
958:
954:
949:
941:
939:88-7785-193-7
935:
931:
927:
923:
916:
914:
909:
895:
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882:
871:
868:
857:
850:
847:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
825:
824:
819:Current fleet
813:
809:
806:
802:
799:
795:
792:
789:
785:
782:
781:
780:
767:
758:
755:
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746:
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719:
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712:
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642:
639:
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633:
630:
627:
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625:
623:
619:
614:
606:
602:
597:
593:
591:
587:
582:
577:
575:
565:
561:
559:
554:
550:
546:
535:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
492:
487:
483:
481:
477:
473:
466:
461:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
422:
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416:
411:
407:
404:
400:
395:
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384:
375:
372:
368:
364:
359:
357:
353:
348:
346:
340:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
304:In 1949, the
292:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
269:
264:
260:
256:
252:
250:
235:
229:
226:
225:
221:
216:
213:(since 1999)
212:
209:
205:
203:
200:
199:
192:1950–88: AMCM
191:
188:
187:
183:
180:
179:
167:
163:
159:
155:
152:
148:
143:
138:
134:
129:
124:
119:
110:
107:
99:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
1751:
1703:
1644:Trolleybuses
1609:
1602:
1595:
1405:Rome–Viterbo
1242:
1241:
1235:
1223:(in Italian)
1205:
1179:
1175:
1166:
1162:
1145:
1141:
1133:
1129:
1121:
1117:
1109:
1092:
1088:
1080:
1065:
1061:
1053:
1025:Stadtverkehr
1023:
1018:
1010:
993:
989:
981:
952:
948:
925:
921:
881:Italy portal
867:Buses portal
842:
822:
787:
778:
764:
729:
720:
716:
710:
708:
697:
675:
667:
663:
661:
646:
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634:
628:
612:
610:
585:
580:
578:
573:
570:
541:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
496:
479:
475:
471:
469:
464:
460:was closed.
457:
453:
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423:
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414:
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389:
370:
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355:
351:
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344:
325:
321:
317:
313:
305:
303:
289:
266:
246:
244:
233:(in Italian)
231:SETA Modena
189:Operator(s)
135:(CAM) / MAN
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1652:Operational
1497:Operational
1028: [
749:Stazione FS
622:Stazione FS
545:articulated
337: [
96:August 2011
1804:Categories
905:References
837:Viseon Bus
775:Past fleet
300:Beginnings
249:trolleybus
66:newspapers
1724:Metromare
1689:La Spezia
1400:Rome–Lido
1318:Catanzaro
961:0266-7452
804:purposes.
705:Post-2001
664:6-barrato
549:low-floor
527:6-barrato
472:austerity
465:Austerity
432:over the
314:3-barrato
275:, in the
145:Operation
133:Autodromo
1674:Cagliari
1664:Avellino
1514:Florence
1509:Cagliari
1390:FL lines
1313:Cagliari
853:See also
846:spun off
726:Services
618:motorbus
603: /
403:INA Casa
227:Website
1784:Perugia
1774:Bologna
1753:Trieste
1736:Sanremo
1669:Bologna
1611:Trieste
1604:Chianti
1597:Bologna
1580:Bologna
1554:Sassari
1544:Palermo
1519:Messina
1454:Catania
1449:Brescia
1422:Tuscany
1412:Salerno
1375:Potenza
1370:Perugia
1365:Palermo
1328:Messina
1308:Bologna
1184:Cortona
1039:Verlag.
930:Cortona
900:Sources
831:Neoplan
538:Revival
295:History
255:Italian
247:Modena
181:Status
171: (
160:, Italy
80:scholar
1820:Modena
1789:Venice
1745:Closed
1709:Naples
1704:Modena
1679:Chieti
1659:Ancona
1589:Closed
1534:Naples
1469:Naples
1353:Cumana
1338:Naples
1190:
959:
936:
812:Socimi
601:Socimi
531:Socimi
491:Socimi
371:comune
306:comune
277:region
273:Modena
268:comune
251:system
154:Modena
150:Locale
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
1779:Milan
1714:Parma
1699:Milan
1694:Lecce
1684:Genoa
1559:Turin
1539:Padua
1529:Milan
1489:Trams
1479:Turin
1464:Milan
1459:Genoa
1417:Turin
1333:Milan
1323:Genoa
1178:[
1165:[
1155:Books
1032:]
924:[
810:2471
808:Iveco
770:Fleet
605:Iveco
392:buses
341:]
184:Open
87:JSTOR
73:books
1731:Rome
1549:Rome
1474:Rome
1385:Rome
1303:Bari
1188:ISBN
957:ISSN
934:ISBN
666:and
586:both
517:and
509:and
448:and
343:(or
332:and
310:tram
245:The
206:750
173:1950
59:news
756:11
553:MAN
324:to
279:of
271:of
42:by
1806::
1100:^
1073:^
1044:^
1030:de
1001:^
968:^
912:^
744:7
736:6
641:11
613:11
547:,
511:NS
507:EW
503:EO
358:.
339:it
287:.
283:,
257::
211:DC
156:,
1274:e
1267:t
1260:v
1196:.
963:.
942:.
788:5
711:7
698:3
676:5
668:7
635:7
629:6
581:6
574:7
523:6
519:7
515:6
499:7
480:6
476:7
458:5
454:3
450:2
446:1
426:6
419:4
415:7
410:4
399:6
363:7
356:6
352:5
326:5
322:1
318:5
253:(
208:V
175:)
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
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