1085:
537:
933:
1175:
430:
821:
191:
921:
3980:
354:
1335:
101:
3990:
19:
248:
829:
1255:
233:. Waterways are highly needed because the rivers on these islands are not wide enough to hold medium-sized ships. In addition to this, roads and railways are not good options since Kalimantan and Papua are not like Java, which is a highly developed island. With the current length of waterways, Indonesia ranked seventh on the countries with longest waterways.
1061:, the country's second largest city. In 2023, the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Rail construction partially finished and is set to start commercial operation starting October 2023. The Jakarta-Bandung HSR began trial operation with passengers on 7 September 2023 and commercial operations on 2 October 2023.
684:
National routes of
Indonesia pass through the hearts of most main cities, and are designed to connect between city centres. They act as main inter-city route outside the tollways. A national route has to be passable by logistic trucks, while simultaneously handling the common traffic. National routes
640:
are becoming more common especially in major cities. However the growth of the number of cars increasingly outpaces the construction of new roads, resulting in frequently crippling traffic jams in large parts in major cities especially in
Jakarta, which often also happen on highways. Jakarta also has
1128:
However, safety issues continue to be a persistent problem in
Indonesian aviation. Several accidents have given Indonesia's air transport system the reputation of the least safe in the world. Indonesian aviation faces numerous challenges, including poorly maintained, outdated, and often overwhelmed
1322:
usually offers additional train trips or introduces longer trains with more cars in order to meet the demand. The private operators of intercity and interprovince buses usually charge higher ticket costs during this period. The impact is indeed tremendous as millions of buses, cars and motorcycles
1124:
in the recent decade, and overall economic growth, many domestic travellers shifted from land and sea transport to faster and more comfortable air travel. Indonesia is widely regarded as an emerging market for air travel in the region. Between 2009 and 2014, the number of
Indonesian air passengers
1111:
is the largest archipelagic country in the world, extending 5,120 km (3,181 mi) from east to west and 1,760 km (1,094 mi) from north to south, comprising 13,466 islands, with 922 of those permanently inhabited. With an estimated population of over 255 million people – making it
1069:
As of 2013, Indonesia has pipelines for condensate 1,064 km (661 mi), condensate/gas 150 km (93 mi), gas 11,702 km (7,271 mi), liquid petroleum gas 119 km (74 mi), oil 7,767 km (4,826 mi), oil/gas/water 77 km (48 mi), refined products
1215:
In
Indonesia, there are 22 commercial scheduled airlines that carry more than 30 passengers, and 32 commercial scheduled airlines that transport 30 or less passengers, as well as chartered airlines. Some notable Indonesian airlines, among others, include
338:
services are available in most areas connected to the road network. Between major cities, especially on
Sumatra, Java, and Bali, services are frequent and direct; many express services are available with no stops until the final destination.
1314:
tickets usually spikes a month or two prior to
Lebaran, prompting an unusually higher cost for tickets for highly sought days of departure. Some airlines might add extra flights or operate larger airplanes to deal with the surge in demand.
816:
The high cost of building and maintaining a national highway system means that
Indonesia has to outsource the construction and maintenance to private and state-owned companies. Indonesia has an extensive system of highways consisting
656:
Indonesia has about 283,102 kilometres (175,911 mi) of paved highways and 213,505 kilometres (132,666 mi) of unpaved highways (As of 2011 estimate). Four of
Indonesia's main highways are classified as parts of
3945:
209:
throughout the country on a two to four week schedule. These ships generally provide the least expensive way to cover long distances between islands. Smaller privately run boats provide service between islands.
51:
play a role in the country's transport system and are generally complementary rather than competitive. Road transport is predominant, with a total system length of 548,366 kilometres (340,739 miles) in 2020. The
889:
to
Airport and from Airport to Serangan, all in direct line (not curve) is 12.7 kilometres and is equipped also with motorcycle lanes. The toll road is formally opened on 23 September 2013, about a week before
310:
A two-phase "New Tanjung Priok" extension project is currently underway, which will triple the existing annual capacity when fully operational in 2023. In 2015, ground breaking of the strategic North Sumatra's
1152:
has 34,930 personnel equipped with 224 aircraft, among them 110 combat aircraft. The Indonesian Air Force possesses and operates numerous military air bases and military airstrips across the archipelago.
86:
is significant, particularly where land or water transport is deficient or non-existent. It is based on an extensive domestic airline network in which all major cities can be reached by passenger plane.
749:
753:
2422:
1160:(IATA) has predicted that Indonesia will become the world's sixth largest air travel market by 2034. Around 270 million passengers are predicted to fly from and within Indonesia by 2034.
999:, which was completed in November 2022 and has been operating ever since. There are no railways in other parts of Indonesia, although new networks are being developed on islands such as
4165:
1698:
1481:
2134:
4195:
3919:
2479:
1185:
As of 2013, there are 673 airports in Indonesia, 186 of those have paved runways, and 487 have unpaved runways. As of 2013, there are 76 heliports in Indonesia. Jakarta's
1561:
1535:
2077:
1592:
2046:
1287:). Although the mudik homecoming travel before Lebaran takes place in most Indonesian urban centers, the highlight is on the nation's largest urban agglomeration;
2802:
1499:
1291:, as millions of Jakartans exit the city by various means of transportation, overwhelming train stations and airports and also clogging highways, especially the
460:
that boasts some 230.9 kilometres (143.5 miles) in 13 corridors and 10 cross-corridor routes and carrying 430,000 passengers daily in 2016. Other cities such as
229:
Indonesia has 21,579 km (13,409 mi) of navigable waterways (as of 2005), of which about one half are on Kalimantan, and a quarter each on Sumatra and
2181:
813:, surpassing previous administrations. Since 2018, all expressways do not accept any cash tolls; all tolls must be paid with certain contactless money cards.
201:
A network of passenger ships makes longer connections to more remote islands, especially in the eastern part of the archipelago. The national shipping line,
2651:
2195:
1747:
1721:
2156:
1884:
737:
1980:
3004:
380:
has become the major provider of land transportation service connecting Indonesian cities, either within an island or inter-island connected through
299:, of which there are four, numbered I through IV. Each has jurisdiction over various regions of the country, with I in the west and IV in the east.
2409:
1113:
700:
4054:
2792:
2005:
809:, opened in 1978. 2,386 kilometers of expressways are operating as of 2021. Over 568 kilometres (353 mi) of expressways opened during the
2598:
715:. A national route can be revised if it serves unable to handle the traffic. It would usually be handled by the province/regional government.
2941:
1641:
2812:
394:) with several major companies operating mainly in Java and Sumatra. The longest intercity bus service in Indonesia is a route operated by
2624:
2099:
1911:
1348:
348:
1279:
term for the activity where migrants or migrant workers return to their hometown or village during or before major holidays, especially
2743:
2346:
1694:
4205:
3014:
2533:
1614:
132:
vessel is still widely used as the inter-island freight service within Indonesian archipelago. Main pinisi traditional harbours are
4170:
3955:
3198:
1186:
1178:
2579:
71:, as well as for domestic and foreign trade. It is well developed, with each of the major islands having at least one significant
4026:
3894:
2894:
2872:
2560:
2448:
2126:
1773:
1157:
1039:
865:
757:
674:
670:
2471:
2319:
1485:
167:, multiple car ferries run frequently twenty-four hours per day. There are also international ferry services between across the
3100:
1358:
3869:
2946:
2822:
2797:
1557:
685:
in Java are numbered, while those outside Java aren't. In some cities, even in crowded districts, national routes often form
2501:
1531:
40:
with thousands of islands, and the distribution of its more than 200 million people concentrated mainly on a single island,
4246:
3621:
1190:
2677:
2069:
1584:
1107:
Air transport in Indonesia serves as a critical means of connecting the thousands of islands throughout the archipelago.
570:
in Indonesia, are a regular sight on city roads and provide inexpensive transportation. They have been blamed for causing
3914:
3564:
3173:
2899:
2756:
2042:
2017:
2782:
1455:
417:
section connecting Jakarta and Surabaya in 2018. During this time, some intercity bus services began operating fleet of
3277:
2255:
1194:
2706:
1509:
4210:
4069:
3518:
3501:
3090:
2916:
2521:
1821:
645:
457:
151:
Frequent ferry services cross the straits between nearby islands, especially in the chain of islands stretching from
1232:, currently the largest medium service regional carrier in Indonesia, also the country's third largest carrier, and
3371:
3282:
3148:
3068:
2911:
2234:
1189:
serves as the country's main air transportation hub as well as the nation's busiest. Since 2010, it has become the
1096:
1057:, covering a distance of around 140 kilometres (87 miles). Plans were also mentioned for its possible extension to
1084:
4241:
3109:
2936:
1936:
810:
786:
4220:
3704:
3326:
3234:
3041:
2973:
2817:
2772:
2736:
2203:
1142:
903:
1049:(HSR) was announced in 2015, the first in Indonesia and Southeast Asia. It is expected to connect the capital
128:, a variety of ferries, passenger ships, sailing ships, and smaller motorised vessels. The traditional wooden
4180:
4160:
4132:
4089:
3950:
3479:
3466:
3311:
3212:
3168:
2867:
2842:
2827:
1210:
1169:
1038:
system being constructed and it commenced official commercial operations on 28 August 2023, after 11 days of
1381:
or "National Seminar on naming smaller islands regarded from historical perspective", 16 to 18 July 2008 at
4099:
3909:
3814:
3484:
3376:
3061:
2926:
2787:
1198:
1046:
624:). Buses and vans are also the primary form of transportation within cities. Often, these are operated as
75:. The role of inland waterways is relatively minor and is limited to certain areas of Eastern Sumatra and
4200:
4155:
4019:
3183:
2968:
2882:
2832:
1307:
1022:
service carries more than a million passengers a day. Urban rail networks are also exists in few cities.
915:
304:
230:
1799:
681:
section in Kalimantan. Some of them has been numbered, currently only in Java and (partially) Sumatera.
4175:
3588:
3511:
3414:
3361:
3158:
3095:
2931:
2906:
2224:
Kuoni - Far East, A world of difference. Page 88. Published 1999 by Kuoni Travel & JPM Publications
1671:
296:
536:
3864:
3829:
3784:
3538:
3431:
3401:
3267:
3244:
3046:
3031:
2999:
2889:
2729:
792:
124:
provides essential links between different parts of the country. Boats in common use include large
4079:
3754:
3749:
3644:
3636:
3614:
3456:
3391:
3178:
3143:
745:
242:
3874:
3849:
3764:
3744:
3694:
3664:
3654:
3528:
3424:
3346:
3341:
3056:
1296:
1201:
airports. In 2017, it became the 17th busiest airport in the world with 62.1 million passengers.
871:
853:
733:
712:
708:
477:
213:
On some islands, major rivers provide a key transportation link in the absence of good roads. On
4049:
4012:
3960:
3839:
3834:
3436:
3409:
3356:
3105:
3036:
3019:
3009:
2855:
988:
932:
925:
882:
766:
1852:
4064:
3904:
3854:
3809:
3789:
3779:
3679:
3494:
3489:
3446:
3441:
3336:
3331:
3224:
3153:
2987:
2837:
2777:
1079:
725:
658:
395:
377:
300:
252:
2443:
4215:
4114:
4035:
3879:
3794:
3774:
3659:
3649:
3557:
3523:
3386:
3259:
3249:
3188:
3131:
3084:
3078:
3026:
2963:
2921:
2877:
2764:
1825:
1353:
1319:
1292:
1149:
1134:
945:
842:
489:
414:
319:
184:
160:
68:
548:
Many cities and towns have some form of transportation for hire available as well such as
8:
4190:
4109:
3934:
3924:
3859:
3824:
3759:
3739:
3729:
3689:
3674:
3669:
3607:
3419:
3366:
3306:
3239:
3163:
2280:
1954:
1276:
1035:
774:
585:
391:
4104:
4094:
4084:
4074:
3965:
3884:
3844:
3819:
3799:
3734:
3709:
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3684:
3573:
3451:
3381:
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3321:
3316:
3301:
3272:
3229:
2956:
2951:
1857:
1504:
1437:
806:
571:
312:
168:
64:
primarily dedicated to transport bulk commodities and long-distance passenger traffic.
2182:"High-speed railway delayed again, but it's for the better, experts say - Regulations"
4185:
4137:
4059:
3989:
3804:
3769:
3724:
3719:
3583:
3506:
3116:
2807:
1233:
1174:
445:
434:
418:
323:
48:
1981:"Pernah Direncanakan Tahun 1915, Kereta Api Pertama di Sulawesi Akhirnya Beroperasi"
315:
has been completed. It is expected to accommodate 500,000 TEUs per year, overtaking
3578:
3051:
2682:
2417:
1427:
1419:
1340:
1217:
1121:
1088:
1019:
497:
429:
2301:
413:
The surge of intercity bus travel in Indonesia took place after the completion of
2506:
Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Udara, Kementerian Perhubungan Republik Indonesia
1288:
1007:
612:
In more remote areas, and between smaller towns, most services are provided with
589:
541:
358:
3474:
3296:
2387:
980:
601:
563:
513:
125:
121:
53:
1407:
820:
190:
4235:
3983:
2365:
1259:
1229:
1023:
1011:
972:
964:
886:
686:
335:
334:
A wide variety of vehicles are used for transportation on Indonesia's roads.
83:
920:
1221:
1138:
1117:
968:
553:
473:
453:
133:
1379:
Seminar Nasional Penetapan Nama Pulau-pulau Kecil Dalam Perspektif Sejarah
1323:
jam the roads and highways, causing kilometres of traffic jams each year.
697:) around the city to prevent inter-city traffic entering the city center.
3993:
3533:
1284:
1130:
1031:
1027:
704:
625:
465:
441:
117:
37:
1125:
increased from 27,421,235 to 94,504,086, an increase of over threefold.
948:
and its subsidiaries, is used for both passenger and freight transport.
448:(BRT). There are usually also bus services of various kinds such as the
410:. It is a week long bus travel covering a distance of 2,920 kilometers.
4004:
3288:
2157:"Indonesia set to open Southeast Asia's 1st high-speed rail in October"
1441:
1228:, currently the largest private low-cost carrier airline in Indonesia,
1000:
637:
558:
461:
353:
303:
in Jakarta is the Indonesia's busiest port, handling over 5.20 million
214:
141:
76:
2599:"Mudik 2023 Tertinggi Sepanjang Sejarah, Ini Datanya 7 Tahun Terakhir"
1940:
1640:
Radityasani, Muhammad Fathan (13 October 2020). Ferdian, Azwar (ed.).
1432:
100:
2752:
2721:
2652:"PT KAI Siapkan 16 Kereta Tambahan untuk Antisipasi Lonjakan Pemudik"
1912:"Indonesia's toll roads likely to stretch 5,103 km by 2024: minister"
1382:
1108:
796:
690:
505:
493:
481:
407:
366:
280:
176:
113:
31:
18:
3599:
2707:"Mudik gratis 'tak berhasil' kurangi jumlah pengendara sepeda motor"
1722:"Penghapusan Operasional Becak di Jakarta, dari 1936 hingga Kini..."
1423:
1558:"Pelindo I Needs IDR 34 Trillion to Run Kuala Tanjung Port Project"
1225:
1092:
1058:
1015:
996:
992:
617:
517:
509:
501:
469:
362:
292:
288:
284:
221:
running on the rivers are the only way to reach many inland areas.
218:
172:
145:
1885:"Potret Pembangunan Tol di Indonesia, dari Soeharto hingga Jokowi"
3072:
1748:"Perusahaan Taksi di Jakarta Berguguran, Organda: dari 32 Sisa 4"
1649:
1280:
1237:
1054:
1050:
991:
construction, the first phase includes 146 kilometers route from
984:
976:
956:
937:
613:
575:
549:
485:
370:
272:
268:
264:
247:
152:
137:
61:
1258:
Thousands of motorcyclist families waiting for the ferry at the
2534:"Daftar Nama Maskapai Penerbangan yang Beroperasi di Indonesia"
967:(Aceh connection proposed to be finished in 2020s), another in
828:
636:
Due to the increasing purchasing power of Indonesians, private
525:
449:
403:
276:
260:
129:
105:
2043:"MRT and LRT, Jakarta's New Rapid Transportation: Coming Soon"
1800:"Jakarta – Urban Challenges Overview – Human Cities Coalition"
1070:
728 km (452 mi), and water 44 km (27 mi).
36:
has been shaped over time by the economic resource base of an
1267:
1249:
678:
648:(ITS) since 2012. ITS Indonesia was formed on 26 April 2011.
597:
579:
521:
399:
381:
316:
202:
194:
180:
108:
ships still used in inter-Indonesian islands freight service.
23:
2127:"Jakarta-Surabaya High-Speed Rail Project to begin in 2018"
1100:
960:
952:
891:
805:(lit. toll road). The first expressway in Indonesia is the
666:
206:
164:
156:
72:
57:
41:
1456:"Panjang Jalan Menurut Tingkat Kewenangan (km), 2018-2020"
1302:
In 2023 it was estimated that the people that took annual
2577:
2444:"Developing the Potential of Indonesia's Aviation Sector"
2256:"Can Indonesia and air safety become synonymous by 2019?"
1939:(in Indonesian). Badan Pengatur Jalan Tol. Archived from
662:
528:
also have BRT systems in place without segregated lanes.
2494:
2388:"Indonesia volcanic ash causes new Bali airport closure"
2124:
1695:"This Year, TransJakarta targets 185 million passengers"
1254:
1014:
services, particularly in Jakarta metropolitan area and
384:. The intercity bus operator companies are called P.O. (
2018:"Commuter Line Passes Milestone of 1m Daily Passengers"
718:
Below were lists of some national routes in Indonesia:
2561:"Lebaran and local pride in the annual 'mudik' custom"
1642:"Ini Daftar Bus AKAP Double Decker via Tol Trans Jawa"
1615:"Daftar PO Bus yang Punya Trayek Terjauh di Indonesia"
1026:
began operations in 2018, the first of such kind. The
2250:
2248:
1774:"Awal Mula Transportasi Online Menjamur di Indonesia"
1692:
588:
have become serious competition to both taxicabs and
1330:
2281:"Air transport, passengers carried, Indonesia 2009"
2227:
2067:
1306:travel reached 123 million people. The demand for
163:. On the busy crossings between Sumatra, Java, and
2245:
2196:"The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency"
832:Cipularang Toll Road, part of Trans-Java Toll Road
26:shipping line connects several Indonesian islands.
2512:
582:-drawn carts are found in some cities and towns.
4233:
1878:
1876:
1847:
1845:
1843:
800:
385:
357:An Indonesian intercity bus, P.O. Rosalia Indah
2625:"Airlines Ajukan 90 Extra Flight untuk Lebaran"
2347:"Deregulasi Penerbangan Picu Kepadatan Bandara"
2070:"Palembang LRT to begin operation in June 2018"
2580:"Mass exodus to begin in Jakarta this weekend"
2125:Istianur Praditya, Ilyas (25 September 2017).
1909:
955:. There are four separate railway networks on
4020:
3615:
2737:
2558:
2472:"Soekarno-Hatta world's 17th busiest airport"
1873:
1840:
1582:
1508:. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from
1181:, the busiest in Indonesia and Southeast Asia
936:An Indonesian inter-city high speed train at
701:Ministry of Public Works and People's Housing
574:and, consequently, banned from most parts of
458:longest bus rapid transit system in the world
183:. Ferry services are operated by state-owned
2402:
2344:
1822:"RI to adopt ITS gradually starting in 2012"
1116:country – and also due to the growth of the
644:Indonesia has been gradually introducing an
641:one of the worst traffic jams in the world.
2704:
2296:
2294:
1639:
1236:, the Indonesian branch of Malaysian-based
349:List of bus operator companies in Indonesia
4027:
4013:
3622:
3608:
2744:
2730:
2678:"Govt says roads ready for Lebaran exodus"
2100:"LRT Jabodebek Akan Diresmikan 28 Agustus"
1585:"Pelindo has high hopes for Kuala Tanjung"
531:
95:
2578:Callistasia Anggun Wijaya (1 July 2016).
2302:"Data: Air transport, passengers carried"
1882:
1802:. Human Cities Coalition. 25 January 2017
1693:Tristia Tambun, Lenny (25 January 2017).
1431:
1408:"Review: Indonesia's Diversity Revisited"
703:is responsible to these networks, except
444:service, or a more sophisticated form of
67:Sea transport is extremely important for
4034:
2291:
1745:
1560:. Nusantara Maritime News. 28 May 2015.
1482:"Politics and Business Mix in Indonesia"
1253:
1173:
1083:
931:
919:
827:
819:
535:
428:
352:
246:
189:
99:
56:system has five unconnected networks in
17:
2552:
2449:International Air Transport Association
2437:
2435:
2363:
2338:
2068:Alexander, Hilda B. (22 October 2016).
1883:Damayanti, Annisa Ulva (4 March 2018).
1720:Purba, David Oliver (15 January 2018).
1158:International Air Transport Association
951:The majority of railways is located on
944:Indonesia's main railways, operated by
877:
866:Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport
361:bus travelling across Java, connecting
179:and nearby Indonesian islands, such as
4234:
2751:
2650:Bempah, Ramdhan Triyadi (4 May 2018).
2649:
2596:
2428:from the original on 19 December 2014.
2137:from the original on 27 September 2017
1771:
1479:
924:An inter-city and a commuter train at
4008:
3629:
3603:
2725:
2698:
2441:
2364:Vaswani, Karishma (12 October 2015).
2235:"Hanya ada 13.466 Pulau di Indonesia"
1772:Kristo, Fino Yurio (22 August 2017).
1719:
1538:from the original on 15 November 2017
1405:
329:
236:
2432:
2080:from the original on 29 October 2016
2049:from the original on 17 January 2018
1929:
1595:from the original on 20 October 2016
1187:Soekarno–Hatta International Airport
1179:Soekarno–Hatta International Airport
2045:. Indo Indians. 25 September 2017.
1746:Sugianto, Danang (8 October 2017).
1701:from the original on 15 August 2017
1484:. Kerry B. Collison. Archived from
1034:began operations in 2019, with the
811:first term of President Joko Widodo
295:. Ports are managed by the various
13:
2803:French and British era (1806–1816)
2482:from the original on 11 April 2018
2345:Maria Yuniar (18 September 2013).
1973:
1311:
1145:that disrupts air transportation.
651:
552:. Many cities also have motorised
90:
14:
4258:
2717:
2540:(in Indonesian). 18 February 2015
2366:"Indonesia's costly haze problem"
2320:"Safety woeful, admits air chief"
2241:(in Indonesian). 8 February 2012.
1583:Amin, Khoirul (22 January 2015).
1191:busiest airport in Southeast Asia
1045:The government's plan to build a
1010:network is complemented by local
646:Intelligent Transportation System
596:), with the four providers being
259:Major ports and harbours include
3988:
3979:
3978:
1564:from the original on 14 May 2017
1534:. World Shipping Council. 2015.
1333:
1137:caused by plantation fires, and
1097:Ngurah Rai International Airport
1073:
883:Serangan-Tanjung Benoa Toll Road
342:
322:and could even compete with the
205:, provides passenger service to
2823:Liberal democracy era (1950–59)
2709:(in Indonesian). BBC Indonesia.
2670:
2643:
2617:
2590:
2571:
2526:
2464:
2380:
2357:
2312:
2273:
2218:
2188:
2174:
2149:
2118:
2106:(in Indonesian). 22 August 2023
2092:
2061:
2035:
2010:
1999:
1947:
1910:antaranews.com (13 July 2021).
1903:
1814:
1792:
1765:
1739:
1713:
1686:
1664:
1371:
787:List of toll roads in Indonesia
631:
255:, the busiest port in Indonesia
187:and several private operators.
4055:Federated States of Micronesia
3946:British Indian Ocean Territory
3091:People's Consultative Assembly
2631:(in Indonesian). 25 April 2018
2559:Donny Syofyan (13 July 2015).
1697:(in Indonesian). Berita Satu.
1633:
1607:
1576:
1550:
1532:"Top 50 World Container Ports"
1524:
1492:
1473:
1448:
1399:
1129:infrastructure, the factor of
904:Samarinda-Balikpapan Toll Road
824:Java's transportation networks
1:
2833:Transitional period (1965–66)
2818:National Revolution (1945–49)
2813:Japanese occupation (1942–45)
2808:Dutch East Indies (1800–1942)
2442:Tyler, Tony (12 March 2015).
2239:National Geographic Indonesia
1861:. Central Intelligence Agency
1480:Guerin, Bill (21 July 2006).
1406:Legge, John D. (April 1990).
1392:
1211:List of airlines of Indonesia
1170:List of airports in Indonesia
983:has railway network in Barru
897:
780:
628:, running semi-fixed routes.
452:in Jakarta. The largest one,
2522:AOC 121 & 135 definition
1460:Central Agency on Statistics
1064:
440:Some major cities has urban
224:
7:
4247:Infrastructure in Indonesia
3199:Water supply and sanitation
2705:Sri Lestari (7 July 2016).
1326:
1204:
1163:
1040:Indonesian Independence Day
916:Rail transport in Indonesia
909:
858:
424:
297:Indonesia Port Corporations
10:
4263:
2828:Guided Democracy (1959–65)
2793:Portuguese era (1512–1605)
1937:"Profil Rencana Jalan Tol"
1385:, South Sumatra, Indonesia
1359:Ministry of Transportation
1349:Bus transport in Indonesia
1318:Indonesian train operator
1247:
1208:
1167:
1077:
913:
894:Summit in Bali is opened.
851:
847:
840:
784:
665:section in Java and Bali,
607:
456:system in Jakarta, is the
396:P.O. Antar Lintas Sumatera
346:
240:
4146:
4123:
4042:
3974:
3933:
3893:
3635:
3551:
3465:
3400:
3258:
3220:
3211:
3139:
3130:
2995:
2986:
2942:Provincial highest points
2863:
2854:
2763:
2324:The Sydney Morning Herald
2006:New railway on Kalimantan
4206:Northern Mariana Islands
3695:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
3000:Administrative divisions
2390:. BBC News. 12 July 2015
1500:"Rank Order - Waterways"
1364:
1243:
885:: The toll road between
746:Trans-Kalimantan Highway
243:List of Indonesian ports
197:'s shipping routes, 2006
116:encompasses a sprawling
4171:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
3956:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
2410:"World Air Forces 2015"
1220:, the government-owned
971:, and the final one in
872:Manado-Bitung Toll Road
854:Trans-Sumatra Toll Road
836:
713:Jakarta Outer Ring Road
709:Jakarta Inner Ring Road
532:Taxis and autorickshaws
478:Trans Semanggi Suroboyo
96:Merchant marine vessels
4242:Transport in Indonesia
3174:Science and technology
3015:Regencies & Cities
2538:Bandara Soekarno-Hatta
1263:
1182:
1104:
989:Trans-Sulawesi Railway
941:
929:
926:Gambir railway station
833:
825:
801:
767:Trans-Sulawesi Highway
545:
437:
386:
373:
256:
198:
109:
27:
4149:and other territories
4036:Transport in Oceania
2783:Hinduism-Buddhism era
1955:"Awaiting an Opening"
1257:
1177:
1087:
1080:Aviation in Indonesia
935:
923:
852:Further information:
831:
823:
726:Trans-Sumatra Highway
659:Asian Highway Network
586:Ridesharing companies
539:
432:
402:in North Sumatra and
378:intercity bus service
356:
301:Port of Tanjung Priok
253:Port of Tanjung Priok
250:
193:
103:
21:
3870:United Arab Emirates
2917:Environmental issues
1652:: Kompas Cyber Media
1354:Transport in Jakarta
1320:Kereta Api Indonesia
1293:Trans-Java toll road
1150:Indonesian Air Force
946:Kereta Api Indonesia
878:Lesser Sunda Islands
843:Trans-Java toll road
562:) of various kinds.
490:Trans Metro Pasundan
419:double decker busses
320:Tanjung Pelepas Port
185:ASDP Indonesia Ferry
171:between Sumatra and
161:Lesser Sunda Islands
69:economic integration
3897:limited recognition
2838:New Order (1966–98)
2798:VOC era (1603–1800)
1961:. 22 September 2013
1297:Northern Coast Road
1141:spewed by numerous
1112:the world's fourth-
1036:Greater Jakarta LRT
799:, known locally as
775:Trans-Papua Highway
104:Traditional wooden
34:'s transport system
3184:Telecommunications
2895:Biosphere reserves
2686:. 1 September 2010
1858:The World Factbook
1505:The World Factbook
1264:
1183:
1105:
1018:. In Jakarta, the
942:
930:
834:
826:
807:Jagorawi Toll Road
600:, Maxim, Anterin,
572:traffic congestion
546:
438:
415:Trans-Java highway
374:
330:Roads and highways
313:Kuala Tanjung Port
257:
237:Ports and harbours
199:
169:Straits of Malacca
110:
49:modes of transport
28:
4229:
4228:
4221:Wallis and Futuna
4166:Clipperton Island
4124:Associated states
4002:
4001:
3939:other territories
3630:Transport in Asia
3597:
3596:
3547:
3546:
3235:Human trafficking
3207:
3206:
3126:
3125:
3117:Wawasan Nusantara
3101:Political parties
3042:Foreign relations
2982:
2981:
2502:"Daftar Maskapai"
2326:. 2 November 2007
2133:(in Indonesian).
2076:(in Indonesian).
1648:(in Indonesian).
1234:Indonesia AirAsia
1122:low-cost carriers
987:as the impact of
795:in Indonesia are
446:bus rapid transit
435:bus rapid transit
398:(ALS) connecting
387:perusahaan otobus
324:port of Singapore
122:maritime shipping
4254:
4211:Pitcairn Islands
4181:French Polynesia
4161:Christmas Island
4090:Papua New Guinea
4070:Marshall Islands
4043:Sovereign states
4029:
4022:
4015:
4006:
4005:
3992:
3982:
3981:
3951:Christmas Island
3637:Sovereign states
3624:
3617:
3610:
3601:
3600:
3567:
3560:
3218:
3217:
3137:
3136:
3079:National capital
2993:
2992:
2861:
2860:
2746:
2739:
2732:
2723:
2722:
2711:
2710:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2683:The Jakarta Post
2674:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2647:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2594:
2588:
2587:
2584:The Jakarta Post
2575:
2569:
2568:
2565:The Jakarta Post
2556:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2530:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2508:(in Indonesian).
2498:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2476:The Jakarta Post
2468:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2439:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2418:Flightglobal.com
2414:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2395:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2353:(in Indonesian).
2342:
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2316:
2310:
2309:
2298:
2289:
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2266:
2252:
2243:
2242:
2231:
2225:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2202:. Archived from
2192:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2104:cnnindonesia.com
2096:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
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2059:
2058:
2056:
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2039:
2033:
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2014:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1992:
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1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1933:
1927:
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1900:
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1604:
1602:
1600:
1589:The Jakarta Post
1580:
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1573:
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1569:
1554:
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1547:
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1522:
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1471:
1470:
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1445:
1435:
1403:
1386:
1375:
1343:
1341:Indonesia portal
1338:
1337:
1336:
1218:Garuda Indonesia
1089:Garuda Indonesia
1020:KRL Commuterline
804:
590:motorcycle taxis
498:Batik Solo Trans
389:
82:The function of
4262:
4261:
4257:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4252:
4251:
4232:
4231:
4230:
4225:
4148:
4142:
4125:
4119:
4100:Solomon Islands
4038:
4033:
4003:
3998:
3970:
3938:
3929:
3910:Northern Cyprus
3896:
3889:
3631:
3628:
3598:
3593:
3570:
3563:
3556:
3543:
3534:Personification
3461:
3396:
3377:Public holidays
3362:National heroes
3254:
3203:
3122:
2978:
2947:Natural history
2850:
2788:Spread of Islam
2759:
2750:
2720:
2715:
2714:
2703:
2699:
2689:
2687:
2676:
2675:
2671:
2661:
2659:
2658:(in Indonesian)
2648:
2644:
2634:
2632:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2608:
2606:
2605:(in Indonesian)
2595:
2591:
2576:
2572:
2557:
2553:
2543:
2541:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2519:(in Indonesian)
2518:
2517:
2513:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2485:
2483:
2470:
2469:
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2455:
2453:
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2433:
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2412:
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2403:
2393:
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2381:
2371:
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2329:
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2313:
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2279:
2278:
2274:
2264:
2262:
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2246:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2223:
2219:
2209:
2207:
2206:on 13 June 2007
2194:
2193:
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2175:
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2150:
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2098:
2097:
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2083:
2081:
2066:
2062:
2052:
2050:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2026:
2024:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2004:
2000:
1990:
1988:
1987:. 10 March 2023
1979:
1978:
1974:
1964:
1962:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1943:on 25 May 2009.
1935:
1934:
1930:
1920:
1918:
1908:
1904:
1894:
1892:
1891:(in Indonesian)
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1831:
1829:
1820:
1819:
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1805:
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1780:(in Indonesian)
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1754:
1744:
1740:
1730:
1728:
1727:(in Indonesian)
1718:
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1704:
1702:
1691:
1687:
1677:
1675:
1670:
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1665:
1655:
1653:
1638:
1634:
1624:
1622:
1621:(in Indonesian)
1613:
1612:
1608:
1598:
1596:
1581:
1577:
1567:
1565:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1512:on 13 June 2007
1498:
1497:
1493:
1488:on 10 May 2008.
1478:
1474:
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1454:
1453:
1449:
1424:10.2307/3351057
1418:(49): 127–131.
1404:
1400:
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1390:
1389:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1289:Greater Jakarta
1252:
1246:
1213:
1207:
1172:
1166:
1133:, bad weather,
1082:
1076:
1067:
1047:high-speed rail
1008:inter-city rail
918:
912:
900:
880:
861:
856:
850:
845:
839:
789:
783:
654:
652:National routes
634:
610:
564:Cycle rickshaws
544:taxi in Jakarta
534:
427:
382:ferry crossings
351:
345:
332:
245:
239:
227:
126:container ships
98:
93:
91:Water transport
12:
11:
5:
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4227:
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4224:
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4213:
4208:
4203:
4201:Norfolk Island
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4156:American Samoa
4152:
4150:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4135:
4129:
4127:
4126:of New Zealand
4121:
4120:
4118:
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4102:
4097:
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4087:
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4077:
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3519:Floral emblems
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3502:Faunal emblems
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3209:
3208:
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3179:Stock Exchange
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3151:
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2900:National parks
2897:
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2883:Climate change
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2718:External links
2716:
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2712:
2697:
2669:
2642:
2629:CNBC Indonesia
2616:
2589:
2570:
2551:
2525:
2511:
2493:
2463:
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2401:
2379:
2356:
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2306:The World Bank
2290:
2285:The World Bank
2272:
2244:
2226:
2217:
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2173:
2148:
2117:
2091:
2060:
2034:
2009:
1998:
1972:
1946:
1928:
1902:
1872:
1839:
1828:. 25 July 2011
1813:
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1764:
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1712:
1685:
1674:. TransJakarta
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1328:
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1273:Pulang Kampung
1248:Main article:
1245:
1242:
1224:of Indonesia,
1209:Main article:
1206:
1203:
1168:Main article:
1165:
1162:
1120:, the boom of
1095:aeroplanes at
1078:Main article:
1075:
1072:
1066:
1063:
981:South Sulawesi
914:Main article:
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908:
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514:Trans Semarang
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2022:Jakarta Globe
2019:
2013:
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1230:Sriwijaya Air
1227:
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1123:
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1074:Air transport
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1024:Palembang LRT
1021:
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1009:
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966:
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695:jalan lingkar
693:(Indonesian:
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433:Transjakarta
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388:
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372:
368:
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359:Scania K360IB
355:
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343:Intercity bus
340:
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107:
102:
88:
85:
84:air transport
80:
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70:
65:
63:
59:
55:
50:
45:
43:
39:
35:
33:
25:
20:
16:
4147:Dependencies
4133:Cook Islands
3935:Dependencies
3865:Turkmenistan
3830:Saudi Arabia
3714:
3432:Homelessness
3402:Demographics
3342:Martial arts
3287:
3268:Architecture
3245:Prostitution
3193:
3115:
3083:
3047:Human rights
3032:Constitution
2890:Conservation
2846:(since 1998)
2843:
2700:
2688:. Retrieved
2681:
2672:
2660:. Retrieved
2655:
2645:
2633:. Retrieved
2628:
2619:
2607:. Retrieved
2602:
2597:Yogi Ernes.
2592:
2583:
2573:
2564:
2554:
2542:. Retrieved
2537:
2528:
2514:
2505:
2496:
2484:. Retrieved
2475:
2466:
2454:. Retrieved
2447:
2416:
2404:
2392:. Retrieved
2382:
2370:. Retrieved
2359:
2350:
2340:
2328:. Retrieved
2323:
2314:
2305:
2284:
2275:
2263:. Retrieved
2259:
2238:
2229:
2220:
2208:. Retrieved
2204:the original
2199:
2190:
2176:
2164:. Retrieved
2160:
2151:
2141:27 September
2139:. Retrieved
2131:Liputan6.com
2130:
2120:
2108:. Retrieved
2103:
2094:
2082:. Retrieved
2073:
2063:
2051:. Retrieved
2037:
2025:. Retrieved
2021:
2012:
2001:
1989:. Retrieved
1984:
1975:
1963:. Retrieved
1958:
1949:
1941:the original
1931:
1919:. Retrieved
1915:
1905:
1893:. Retrieved
1889:Okezone News
1888:
1863:. Retrieved
1856:
1830:. Retrieved
1816:
1804:. Retrieved
1794:
1782:. Retrieved
1777:
1767:
1755:. Retrieved
1752:Detikfinance
1751:
1741:
1729:. Retrieved
1724:
1715:
1703:. Retrieved
1688:
1676:. Retrieved
1666:
1654:. Retrieved
1645:
1635:
1623:. Retrieved
1618:
1609:
1597:. Retrieved
1588:
1578:
1566:. Retrieved
1552:
1540:. Retrieved
1526:
1514:. Retrieved
1510:the original
1503:
1494:
1486:the original
1475:
1463:. Retrieved
1459:
1450:
1415:
1411:
1401:
1378:
1373:
1317:
1303:
1301:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1262:during mudik
1222:flag carrier
1214:
1195:Suvarnabhumi
1184:
1155:
1147:
1139:volcanic ash
1127:
1118:middle-class
1106:
1068:
1044:
1005:
969:West Sumatra
950:
943:
881:
815:
790:
771:
763:
742:
730:
722:
717:
699:
694:
683:
677:in Java and
673:in Sumatra,
655:
643:
635:
632:Private cars
621:
611:
604:and others.
593:
584:
567:
557:
547:
474:Suroboyo Bus
454:Transjakarta
439:
412:
375:
333:
309:
258:
228:
212:
200:
150:
134:Sunda Kelapa
111:
81:
66:
46:
30:
29:
15:
4080:New Zealand
3994:Asia portal
3895:States with
3815:Philippines
3755:South Korea
3750:North Korea
3645:Afghanistan
3512:Subdivision
3495:Subdivision
3457:LGBT rights
3392:Video games
3144:Agriculture
3062:Enforcement
2912:Earthquakes
2778:Prehistoric
2690:2 September
2265:27 February
2166:9 September
2161:Nikkei Asia
2027:21 November
1985:merdeka.com
1959:Bali Update
1916:Antara News
1853:"Indonesia"
1542:15 November
1295:and Java's
1285:Eid al-Fitr
1131:human error
1032:Jakarta LRT
1028:Jakarta MRT
1003:and Papua.
793:expressways
743:Kalimantan:
738:South Coast
734:North Coast
705:DKI Jakarta
626:share taxis
466:Trans Jogja
442:transit bus
144:harbour in
118:archipelago
38:archipelago
4236:Categories
3875:Uzbekistan
3850:Tajikistan
3765:Kyrgyzstan
3745:Kazakhstan
3665:Bangladesh
3655:Azerbaijan
3490:Historical
3425:Healthcare
3372:Properties
3337:Literature
3289:Rumah adat
3149:Automotive
3057:Censorship
3005:Historical
2586:. Jakarta.
2544:8 December
2456:6 November
2394:26 October
2372:6 November
2368:. BBC News
2084:29 October
2053:17 January
1646:KOMPAS.com
1599:20 October
1568:12 January
1465:21 January
1433:1813/53928
1393:References
1377:Based on "
1277:Indonesian
1001:Kalimantan
898:Kalimantan
797:toll roads
785:See also:
781:Toll roads
707:part from
691:ring roads
462:Yogyakarta
392:Indonesian
347:See also:
215:Kalimantan
77:Kalimantan
4050:Australia
3961:Hong Kong
3915:Palestine
3840:Sri Lanka
3835:Singapore
3715:Indonesia
3529:Nusantara
3437:Languages
3410:Education
3357:Mythology
3327:Festivals
3194:Transport
3106:President
3085:Pancasila
3037:Elections
3020:Districts
3010:Provinces
2974:Volcanoes
2937:Mountains
2856:Geography
2844:Reformasi
2753:Indonesia
2603:detik.com
2210:2 October
2110:23 August
1778:detikinet
1705:15 August
1678:15 August
1672:"Koridor"
1412:Indonesia
1383:Palembang
1143:volcanoes
1109:Indonesia
1065:Pipelines
963:, one in
959:: one in
868:Toll Road
864:Makassar-
802:jalan tol
764:Sulawesi:
614:minibuses
578:in 1972.
566:, called
506:Pekanbaru
494:Surakarta
482:Palembang
408:East Java
281:Palembang
225:Waterways
219:longboats
177:Singapore
114:Indonesia
73:port city
32:Indonesia
4065:Kiribati
3984:Category
3905:Abkhazia
3855:Thailand
3810:Pakistan
3790:Mongolia
3785:Maldives
3780:Malaysia
3680:Cambodia
3574:Category
3447:Refugees
3442:Religion
3367:Painting
3278:Colonial
3225:Abortion
3154:Aviation
3069:Military
2988:Politics
2773:Timeline
2757:articles
2486:11 April
2480:Archived
2423:Archived
2135:Archived
2078:Archived
2047:Archived
1991:18 March
1895:24 April
1699:Archived
1619:kumparan
1593:Archived
1562:Archived
1536:Archived
1327:See also
1312:airplane
1275:, is an
1226:Lion Air
1205:Airlines
1164:Airports
1093:Lion Air
1059:Surabaya
1016:Surabaya
997:Parepare
993:Makassar
910:Railways
859:Sulawesi
758:Southern
750:Northern
723:Sumatra:
687:bypasses
618:minivans
542:Bluebird
518:Makassar
510:Semarang
502:Denpasar
470:Surabaya
425:City bus
363:Surabaya
293:Makassar
289:Surabaya
285:Semarang
173:Malaysia
155:through
146:Makassar
112:Because
4216:Tokelau
4115:Vanuatu
3880:Vietnam
3795:Myanmar
3775:Lebanon
3705:Georgia
3660:Bahrain
3650:Armenia
3584:Gallery
3558:Outline
3480:Costume
3467:Symbols
3387:Theatre
3332:Legends
3317:Cuisine
3312:Costume
3283:Mosques
3260:Culture
3250:Smoking
3213:Society
3189:Tourism
3169:History
3132:Economy
3073:Babinsa
3027:Cabinet
2964:Regions
2927:Islands
2922:Geology
2878:Climate
2868:Borders
2765:History
2421:(pdf).
2330:1 April
2200:cia.gov
1965:2 April
1921:17 June
1865:1 April
1832:1 April
1806:1 April
1731:1 April
1656:15 July
1650:Jakarta
1625:16 July
1516:2 April
1442:3351057
1281:Lebaran
1238:AirAsia
1103:in 2014
1055:Bandung
1051:Jakarta
985:Regency
977:Lampung
957:Sumatra
938:Bandung
848:Sumatra
754:Central
608:Minibus
576:Jakarta
486:Bandung
371:Jakarta
317:Johor's
273:Jakarta
269:Cirebon
265:Cilacap
159:to the
153:Sumatra
142:Paotere
138:Jakarta
62:Sumatra
54:railway
4191:Hawaii
4110:Tuvalu
3925:Taiwan
3860:Turkey
3825:Russia
3760:Kuwait
3740:Jordan
3730:Israel
3690:Cyprus
3675:Brunei
3670:Bhutan
3579:Portal
3485:Emblem
3475:Anthem
3420:Health
3307:Cinema
3240:Piracy
3164:Energy
3096:Police
2969:Rivers
2873:Cities
2755:
2662:9 June
2656:Kompas
2635:9 June
2609:26 May
2451:(IATA)
2074:Kompas
1826:Antara
1784:28 May
1757:19 May
1725:Kompas
1440:
1199:Changi
772:Papua:
622:angkot
526:Padang
524:, and
476:&
450:Kopaja
404:Jember
291:, and
277:Kupang
261:Bitung
130:pinisi
106:Pinisi
4105:Tonga
4095:Samoa
4085:Palau
4075:Nauru
3966:Macau
3885:Yemen
3845:Syria
3820:Qatar
3800:Nepal
3735:Japan
3710:India
3700:Egypt
3685:China
3589:Atlas
3565:Index
3539:Songs
3524:Motto
3452:Women
3382:Sport
3352:Music
3347:Media
3322:Dance
3302:Batik
3273:Candi
3230:Crime
3159:Banks
2957:Flora
2952:Fauna
2932:Lakes
2426:(PDF)
2413:(PDF)
2351:Tempo
1438:JSTOR
1365:Notes
1308:train
1304:mudik
1271:, or
1268:Mudik
1250:Mudik
1244:Mudik
1053:with
731:Java:
679:AH150
675:AH152
671:AH151
598:Gojek
580:Horse
568:becak
559:bajaj
550:taxis
522:Bogor
400:Medan
231:Papua
207:ports
203:Pelni
195:Pelni
181:Batam
24:Pelni
4186:Guam
4138:Niue
4060:Fiji
3805:Oman
3770:Laos
3725:Iraq
3720:Iran
3507:Flag
3110:List
2692:2010
2664:2018
2637:2018
2611:2023
2546:2015
2488:2018
2458:2015
2396:2015
2374:2015
2332:2018
2267:2018
2212:2018
2168:2023
2143:2017
2112:2023
2086:2016
2055:2018
2029:2019
1993:2023
1967:2018
1923:2023
1897:2018
1867:2018
1834:2018
1808:2018
1786:2018
1759:2018
1733:2018
1707:2017
1680:2017
1658:2021
1627:2021
1601:2016
1570:2018
1544:2017
1518:2018
1467:2022
1310:and
1197:and
1156:The
1148:The
1101:Bali
1091:and
1030:and
1006:The
975:and
961:Aceh
953:Java
892:APEC
837:Java
791:All
669:and
667:AH25
638:cars
602:Grab
594:ojek
376:The
369:and
367:Solo
305:TEUs
251:The
165:Bali
157:Java
140:and
60:and
58:Java
47:All
42:Java
22:The
3937:and
3297:Art
3052:Law
1428:hdl
1420:doi
995:to
817:of:
711:to
689:or
663:AH2
616:or
516:),
500:),
492:),
480:),
468:),
406:in
390:in
336:Bus
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