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85:, an Anglican Bishop, had campaigned, in the early years of the twentieth century, against the iniquities of gambling using totalisators and its damage to New Zealand society. That attitude had changed by late 1907 when he argued that the totalisator removed much of the evil of gambling with bookmakers. Bishop Churchill was himself an amateur mechanic, with a reputation for fixing clocks and organs in parishes he visited.
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Initially, George Julius was attempting to develop a voting calculating machine for the
Australian government, to automatically reduce the instances of voter fraud and create a cheat-free political environment. He went on to present his unique invention, only to have his design rejected as it was
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The term automatic refers to the fact that the bets were automatically summed and a ticket issued when a bet was registered on the issuing machines, and it provided a safe and virtually fraud-free method of betting, replacing the earlier
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Parimutuel systems had used totalisator boards since the 1860s, and they were often housed in substantial buildings. However, the manual systems often resulted in substantial delays in calculations of clients' payouts.
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founded
Automatic Totalisators Limited (ATL) in 1917, which supplied the "Premier Totalisator: now including electrical components". The first totalisators installed in the United States were at
191:, the English-born, New Zealand educated, Australian inventor, engineer and businessman, though there have been other claimants, notably engineer Joseph G. Nash.
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199:, which used either paper transactions or some method of counting bets like steel ball bearings. The machine did not actually calculate the payout.
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The term "tote board" comes from the colloquialism for "totalizator" (or "totalisator"), the name for the automated system which runs
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to the stakes placed on the winning competitor, and those tickets are paid out. Essentially, it implements a system of
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Chisholm, Alec H. (ed.), The
Australian Encyclopaedia, Vol. 4, p. 538, "Horse Racing", Halstead Press, Sydney, 1963
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in New
Zealand in 1913 (first used on the Holy Saturday races on 22 March 1913), and the second was installed at
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in the UK, although there were other installations in countries as diverse as France, Venezuela and
Singapore.
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58:(to display the total amount donated to the charitable organization sponsoring the event).
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146:. In many cases beyond older systems, telethon tote boards have either been replaced by
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betting system. The whole of the pot (the stakes on all competitors) is divided
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The method was widely used in the
Australian, New Zealand and American
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Behind the betting windows at Ascot racetrack, Australia
February 1939
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128:. The first entirely electronic totalisator was developed in 1966.
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81:. Julius was a consulting engineer, based in Sydney. His father,
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Large numeric or alphanumeric display used to convey information
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An automatic totalisator is a device to add up the bets in a
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54:(to display the odds or payoffs for each horse) or at a
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Totalisators have been superseded by general purpose
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The first all-mechanical totalisator was invented by
293:. Adelaide. 30 April 1929. p. 8 Edition: Home
92:The first all-mechanical machine was installed at
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187:In particular, it refers to the invention of
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250:"The History of Australian Sports Betting"
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34:Tote Board at Hollywood Park, California
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154:adapted to display dollar amounts.
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337:The First Automatic Totalisator
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150:displays showing totals, or
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345:Automatic Totalisators Ltd
285:"Invention of Totalisator"
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340:, The Rutherford Journal.
98:Gloucester Park Racetrack
358:University of Canterbury
89:deemed to be excessive.
353:Who killed the Bookies
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158:Automatic totalisators
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325:Hialeah Park, Florida
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360:thesis by R A Graham
220:American Totalisator
135:running specialised
126:American Totalisator
94:Ellerslie Racecourse
327:installation by ATM
317:Totalisator History
206:industries and for
230:Tabulating machine
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63:parimutuel betting
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225:Harringay Stadium
102:Western Australia
16:(Redirected from
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374:Analog computers
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295:. Retrieved
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258:. Retrieved
254:the original
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120:racecourse,
110:Hialeah Park
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319:by B Conlon
172:pari-mutuel
152:scoreboards
48:totalizator
44:totalisator
18:Totalisator
368:Categories
236:References
52:race track
40:tote board
332:Bob Doran
133:computers
104:in 1917.
290:The News
214:See also
177:pro rata
144:Autotote
142:such as
140:software
137:wagering
56:telethon
260:24 July
122:Chicago
114:Florida
69:History
299:2015
262:2017
42:(or
148:LCD
100:in
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38:A
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