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207:) or Brythonic, e.g., modern Welsh "tref fechan" (little town). The name "Tóir Féichín" with its Gaelic reference to the Boundary/Sanctuary stones set one mile around the village is most likely the true meaning of the village and Preceptory name rather than the modern Welsh which has no historical precedent that overrides the true meaning of those Neolithic sanctuary stones.
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In 1298, during the Battle of
Falkirk, Alexander de Welles, Master of Torphichen Preceptory, was killed. Based on the heraldic evidence there is very little doubt that Alexander de Welles was a member of the Lincolnshire Welle(s) family. Also at Falkirk were Adam de Welle(s) of Lincolnshire and
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The
Preceptory was built in the 1140s around an existing church, possibly of early Christian origin. During the 13th Century the Preceptory was expanded, and the buildings which still stand were first erected. The complex included a
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around. The east and west 'sanctuary stones' still stand in their original positions. It has been suggested that these stones are of much earlier origin than the medieval
Preceptory, possibly being related to the important
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The large kirkyard has a fine collection of 17th–18th century headstones, with much intriguing 'folk art', including symbols of mortality, tools representing professions etc.
477:, vol. v, SRO (n. d. 197-), 175, no. 305, November 1302, Sir Adam de Welle at Yester Castle in Lothian, to whom King Edward gave various properties - NAS ref no. GD45/27/141
255:, with refined architectural detail. In 1756 the nave and domestic buildings were demolished, and a new T-plan kirk built. The kirk is furnished with early 19th Century
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and galleries. The remnants of the
Preceptory were used as a courthouse for a number of years. The central tower was re-roofed in 1947 and is now in the care of
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and choir, whose tower and transepts remain, and a number of domestic buildings including a hospital. The church was extended again in the 15th
Century, and a
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completed, of which only the foundations remain. Very unusually, this was situated on the north side of the church (a feature seen elsewhere in
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503:, (1739), appointing Scrimgeour Constable of Dundee: Willelmus Walays miles, custos regni Scotiae, duce exercituum eiusdem.
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of the church (below the central tower) retains some of the best-preserved late 12th-early 13th century masonry in
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for James III and James IV, was created Lord St. John of
Torphichen, and is commonly held to have died at the
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A 'sanctuary stone' in the kirkyard marks the centre of an 'area of sanctuary' that once extended one
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in
Scotland. The placename may be Gaelic in origin, e.g., "Tóir Féichín" (the boundary/sanctuary of
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417:, whereupon she gave the lands back to him for a payment of 10,000 crowns, with the secular title
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413:. In February 1564 Sir James surrendered the Preceptory lands to the Crown, i.e. his relative,
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in 1298. The only surviving document signed by
Wallace as Guardian of Scotland,
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Cowan, Mackay, Macquarrie ed. (1983), 1-40, Rental list of the lands in 1540.
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before the battle. The
Hospitallers fought on the English side during the
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Cowan, Ian B., Mackay, P. H. R., & Macquarrie, Alan, ed.,
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363:, was prepared here. After the battle, Edward Longshanks (
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The 1764 coat of arms of the
Sandilands, Lords Torphichen.
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Cowan, Mackay, Macquarrie ed. (1983), xxix, 193; citing
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Knights Hospitaller of the Order of St John of Jerusalem
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Information from the West Lothian Archaeology Group
512:Cowan, Mackay, Macquharrie ed. (1983), liv; citing
586:Religious organizations established in the 1140s
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531:The Knights of St John of Jerusalem in Scotland
270:Kite aerial photo of the Preceptory and church.
621:Scottish parliamentary locations and buildings
386:The preceptor, Sir William Knollys, served as
321:in 1312, their lands were transferred to the
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606:Scheduled Ancient Monuments in West Lothian
428:continues to be used within the modern day
591:Scottish medieval hospitals and almshouses
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571:Torphichen Community and Heritage Website
631:Former Christian monasteries in Scotland
616:Historic Environment Scotland properties
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596:Preceptories of the Knights Hospitaller
516:, 1546-1580, no. 1499 and NAS GD119/35.
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566:Information from Gazetteer of Scotland
313:, were invited to Scotland in 1132 by
48:Church in West Lothian, United Kingdom
220:church, with a nave, central tower,
611:Tourist attractions in West Lothian
263:(open in summer; entrance charge).
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549:"Torphichen Preceptory (SM90305)"
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533:, Scottish History Society (1983)
403:James Sandilands, Baron of Calder
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626:1140s establishments in Scotland
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187:is a church in the village of
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430:Order of St John of Jerusalem
373:Wars of Scottish Independence
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475:Calendar Documents Scotland
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514:Register of the Great Seal
561:Information from Rootsweb
407:Lords of the Congregation
309:, established during the
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501:Diplomata ... Scotiae
447:Treasurer of Scotland
424:The honorary post of
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185:Torphichen Preceptory
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54:Torphichen Preceptory
415:Mary, Queen of Scots
409:and were friends of
399:Sir James Sandilands
397:The last Preceptor,
361:Custos Regni Scotiae
337:Philip de Welle(s).
94:Show map of Scotland
365:Edward I of England
355:here, prior to the
323:Knights Hospitaller
307:Knights Hospitaller
34:55.93464°N 3.6524°W
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37: /
580:Categories
353:parliament
276:Scots mile
239:After the
205:St Féichín
197:preceptory
189:Torphichen
138:Torphichen
22:55°56′05″N
453:Footnotes
411:John Knox
394:in 1513.
281:Neolithic
222:transepts
218:cruciform
25:3°39′09″W
436:See also
311:Crusades
257:box pews
253:Scotland
249:crossing
232:only at
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226:cloister
164:Catholic
134:Location
369:Polmont
315:David I
148:Country
331:London
284:henge
178:1140s
305:The
286:and
245:kirk
329:in
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