1321:
2311:
peoples' degree of relationship with one another. Examples of these pronouns include 'chị' older sister, 'ông' male elder and 'chú' younger uncle (younger brother of father/only used on father's side). The exclusive use of the
Vietnamese words for 'I' and 'you' are considered informal and rude. Rather honorifics are used to refer to oneself and to others. These terms generally differ from province to province, or region to region. As with East Asian tradition, the surname is written prior to the given name (i.e., Hoang Khai Dinh: Hoang is the surname and Khai Dinh is the given name). This occurs in all formal situations. However, placing the surname last has become a commonality in order to cater to westerners, for example, on social media sites such as Facebook. When referring to a person as Mr or Mrs (teacher, painter, etc.) as in the English tradition of 'Mr Hoang', the given name is more commonly used e.g., "Mr Khai Dinh") in order not to cause confusion. This is due to many Vietnamese sharing the same surname (e.g., up to 40% of Vietnamese share the surname Nguyen).
2024:". In other words, they were only subjugating Filipinos to teach them values like American egalitarianism, which is the opposite of colonial anti-equality. Thirdly, the power of American colonialism lies in its emphasis on education—an education that supposedly exposed Filipinos to the "wonders" of the American way of life. Through education, the American colonial state bred a new elite of Filipinos trained in a new, more "modern", American system. People with advanced degrees like law or engineering were at the apex of this system. Their prestige, as such, not only rested on their purported intelligence, but also their mastery of the colonizer's way of life. This,
1665:
another word entirely with the same verb or noun meaning, but with different honorific connotations. Linguists say there are six levels of honorifics in Korean but, in daily conversation, only four of them are widely used in contemporary Korean. Suffix -ssi-(씨) is used at most honorific verbs, but not always. It is considered very impolite and offensive not to use honorific sentences or words with someone who is older or has a higher social status, and most
Koreans avoid using non-honorific sentences with someone they have met for the first time. In Korean, names, first or last, always precede a title, e.g., Park Sonsaengnim, Park Kwanjangnim, etc.
377:. Verbs with these honorifics as subject are conjugated in the third person (e.g. "you are going" vs. "Your Honour is going" or "Her Royal Highness is going".) Protocol for monarchs and aristocrats can be very complex, with no general rule; great offence can be given by using a form that is not exactly correct. There are differences between "Your Highness" and "Your Royal Highness"; between "Princess Margaret" and "The Princess Margaret". All these are correct, but apply to people of subtly different rank. An example of a non-obvious style is "Her Majesty
2140:
language. In the
Pohnpeic language there is royal language, which is used for the two highest-ranking chiefs. Next, respect honorifics are used with other superiors and people who are considered respected equals. There is not only the use of honorifics, but humiliative language as well, which is used to lower oneself below higher-ranking people, showing respect and reverence. This speech was lost in Pingelap when Pohnpei speakers migrated to the Pingelap atoll and adapted their more casual way of speaking.
1988:
professionals' obsession with flaunting their educational attainment and professional status. Despite this, some of their clients (especially non-Filipinos) would address them as simply Mr. or Mrs./Ms. followed by their surnames (or even Sir/Ma'am) in conversation. It is very rare, however, for a
Filipino (especially those born and educated abroad) to address Filipino architects, engineers, and lawyers, even mentioning and referring to their names, the non-Philippine (i.e. international standard) way.
838:. As such, honorific usage today is mostly used in formal situations and business settings only. Although Chinese honorifics have simplified to a large degree, many classical constructs are still occasionally employed to convey formality, humility, politeness or respect. Honorific language in Chinese is achieved by using honorific or beautifying alternatives, prefixing or suffixing a word with a polite complement, or by dropping casual-sounding words.
1828:
926:
730:
566:
43:
1984:
full name. Older married women may prefer to be addressed as "Mrs." The use of Sir/Miss/Madam or Ma'am, followed by the first name, nickname, or surname is usually restricted to
Filipino vernacular and social conversation, even in television and film. Despite this, non-Filipinos and naturalized Filipinos (such as expat students and professionals) also address older people in the Filipino way.
911:), which employs elegant and beautiful expressions and words in lieu of more casual words and phrases to describe people, objects, actions or concepts. It is often used on occasions where casual language may be deemed inappropriate. Due to the lack of equivalent expressions in English, translated phrases often do not convey the same sense of beauty or elegance.
2216:) (high tone) is the exact opposite of the above. It is use when speaking to or about a younger sibling or friend. It is used between both men and women and can also be used when referring to oneself if the person speaking is younger than the addressees. It could be used by a babysitter to address the child she takes care of.
420:...". A member of Parliament or other legislative body may have particular honorifics. A member of a Senate, for example, may be addressed as "Senator". The etiquette varies and most countries have protocol specifying the honorifics to be used for its state, judicial, military and other officeholders.
2310:
Honorifics in
Vietnamese are more complex compared to Chinese, where the origins of many of these pronouns can be traced, and many have fallen out of usage or have been replaced due to the changing times. An honorific, or a pronoun, in Vietnamese when referring to a person acts as a way to define two
2297:
honorifics generally follow the first name, especially if they refer to gender or particular social statuses (e.g. Name Bey , Name Hanım , Name
Beyefendi , Name Hanımefendi , Name Hoca , Name Öğretmen ), Name Agha . Such honorifics are used in both formal and informal situations. Another honorific is
2019:
Possible reasons are firstly, the fact the
English taught to Filipinos was the "egalitarian" English of the New World, and that the Americans who colonized the Philippines encountered lowland societies that already used Iberian linguistic class markers like "Don" and "Doña." Secondly, the fundamental
1983:
As such addressing a man who is older, has a higher rank at work or has a higher social standing, one may use Mr or Sir followed by the First/ last/ or full name. Addressing a woman in a similar situation as above one may use "Miss", or "Madam" and its contraction "Ma'am", followed by First/ last/ or
2143:
Even though the younger generation of
Pingelapese speakers does not use honorific speech, elders in the language report being taught a form of 'language of respect'. This language was to be used to address elders and leaders in the community. Women were also told to use it towards their brothers and
2135:
Pingelapese is a
Micronesian language spoken on the Pingelap atoll and on two of the eastern Caroline Islands, called the high island of Pohnpei. Pingelapese does not employ many honorifics into their speech. Their society is structured in a way that everyone is seen as equal, most likely due to the
348:
Judges are often addressed as "Your Honour/Honor" when on the bench, the plural form is "Your Honours" and the style is "His/Her Honour". If the judge has a higher title, that may be the correct honorific to use, for example, for High Court Judges in England: "Your Lordship" or "My Lord". Members of
1664:
Korean honorifics are similar to Japanese honorifics, and similarly, their use is mandatory in many formal and informal social situations. Korean grammar as a whole tends to function on hierarchy; honorific stems are appended to verbs and some nouns, and in many cases, one word may be exchanged for
2139:
However, among the Micronesian languages, Pohnpeian is the only language that uses a thoroughly developed honorific speech. This demonstrates that a highly structured hierarchical society was very important in their culture. There are multiple ways that Pohnpeic speakers show respect through their
1987:
On a professional level, many use educational or occupational titles such as Architect, Engineer, Doctor, Attorney (often abbreviated as Arch./Archt./Ar., Engr., Dr. , and Atty. respectively) on casual and even formal bases. Stricter etiquette systems frown upon this practise as a sign of Filipino
2329:
Wuvulu-Aua does not normally incorporate honorifics as it is reserved for only the utmost respect. Originally without any honorifics, the semantics of pronouns change depending on the social context. In particular, the second person dual pronoun is used as an honorific address. The dual reference
2156:
According to Thai translator, Mui Poopoksakul, "The Thai language is absolutely immediate in its indication of the speaker and addressee's places in the society and their relationship to each other. Thai has honorifics as well as what I like to call 'dishonorifics': it has a multitude of pronouns
427:
are sometimes addressed by their last military rank, such as "Admiral", "Colonel", "General", etc. This is generally adopted only by those officers who served and at least obtained the rank equivalency of Major. In the U.S., veterans of all ranks who have served during wartime and were honorably
411:
Occupants of state and political office may be addressed with an honorific. A president may be addressed as Your Excellency or Mr./Madam President, a minister or secretary of state as "Your Excellency" or Mr./Madam Secretary, etc. A prime minister may be addressed as "the Honorable". In the UK,
403:
rules dictate that this title must be placed on all the official letters and social invitations, business cards, identification documents, etc. In the U.S., when addressing a pilot, common etiquette does not require the title "Captain" to be printed on official letters or invitations before the
2028:
suspects, is the source of the magical and superstitious attachment Filipinos have to attorneys, architects and engineers. The language they use is still haunted by their colonial experience. They linguistically privilege professionals because their colonizers made them value a certain kind of
1991:
Even foreigners who work in the Philippines or naturalized Filipino citizens, including foreign spouses of Filipinos, who hold some of these titles and descriptions (especially as instructors in Philippine colleges and universities) are addressed in the same way as their Filipino counterparts,
2015:
Even though Doctor is really a title in standard English, the "created" titles Architect, Attorney, and Engineer (among other examples) are a result of vanity (titles herald achievement and success; they distinguish the title holder from the rest of society) and insecurity (the title holder's
2000:
are to be employed for simplicity, as they are unnecessary when he or she is included in a list of wedding sponsors, or when their name appears in the list of officials of a country club or similar organization. They are uncalled for in public donations, religious activities, parents–teachers
250:—most were originally abbreviations (e.g., from "Mister", "Mistress"), others may be considered as coined to directly parallel them for consistency. Abbreviations that include the initial and final letters (a type of contraction) are typically written in most English dialects (modern
1957:
in conversations, and their dependence on age-structured hierarchies. Though some have become obsolete, many are still widely used in order to denote respect, friendliness, or affection. Some new "honorifics", mainly used by teenagers, are experiencing surges in popularity.
229:", became the more prevalent norm, mainly owing to the desire to avoid identifying women by their marital status. Further considerations regarding identifying people by gender currently are raised with varying prevalence and details; in some environments, honorifics such as
1347:, as a whole, tends to function on hierarchy; honorific stems are appended to verbs and many nouns, though primarily names, and in many cases one word may be exchanged for another word entirely with the same verb or noun meaning, but with different honorific connotations.
1813:(female elder) or Khaala (sister) are used in vernacular Urdu and non-professional settings. These honorifics are usually said without the name of the individual. If specification is required, they are more regularly used as suffixes than prefixes (though both are used).
1462:
lowers the position of the speaker or the subject of the conversation, and is primarily used at the workplace and in academia. This is also specifically used when the person is much older or in a higher position than the speaker, or often when one apologizes to someone
245:
may be used for a boy who has not yet entered adult society; similar to this, "Miss" may be considered appropriate for a girl but inappropriate for a woman (but unless parallel to "Mstr." the reasoning is not explicit). All the above terms but "Miss" are written as
344:
Some honorifics act as complete replacements for a name, as "Sir" or "Ma'am", or "Your Honour/Honor". Subordinates will often use honorifics as punctuation before asking a superior a question or after responding to an order: "Yes, sir" or even "Sir, yes, sir."
1722:
has numerous honorific forms that may be used with or as a substitute for names. The most common honorifics in Pakistan are usually placed immediately before the name of the subject or immediately after the subject. There are many variations across Pakistan.
1291:
ending when juxtaposed to a surname: e.g., Dottor Rossi, Cardinal Martini, Ragionier Fantozzi. Verbs are conjugated in the third person singular (as opposed to the second person singular) when addressing someone using an honorific and the formal pronoun
1060:(for women) are used. In Telugu, Chi (abbreviation of 'chiranjeevi') is used for younger men and Chi.La.Sou (Chiranjeevini Lakshmi Soubhagyavathi) is prefixed for the names of younger women. In India, honorifics mostly come prior to the name of object.
1420:. It is used to make the person who is being spoken to in a higher position. It is mainly used at work and when speaking with teachers. In the past, this was a type of language that was formed based on the classes Japanese society used to have.
2136:
fact that there are so few of them due to emigration. There is no structured hierarchy to enforce the use of honorific speech. There are not many polite vocabulary words and the language they use can be classified as a commoners' language.
2092:, "Doctor" is used for any respected figure regardless of whether they have a doctoral degree (for instance Colombian presidents are often referred to as Doctor ___); likewise "Maestro" is used for artistic masters, especially painters.
1773:
may be used as both a Prefix and Suffix for an honorable lady or even a spouse. Historically the term Begum was used to refer to a Muslim woman of high rank equivalent of Mrs. whereas Bibi can also serve as the equivalent of Miss or
2372:("Citizen") as the manner of address. Also, some revolutionary governments abolished or banned the use of honorifics. One example is Turkey, which abolished honorifics and titles in 1934. Although it was abolished, titles such as "
2029:
white-collar work. Again, even expatriate professionals in the Philippines were affected by these reasons when they resided and married a Filipino or were naturalized so it is not unusual for them to be addressed Filipino style.
2001:
association events, athletic competitions, society pages of newspapers, and in any activity that has nothing to do with one's title or educational attainment. It is also acceptable to treat those titles and descriptions (except
356:
may be addressed or referred to as "Your/His/Her Majesty", "Their Majesties", etc. (but there is no customary honorific accorded to a female monarch's consort, as he is usually granted a specific style). Monarchs below
2157:
that are extremely nuanced—for example, there are so many ways to say 'I', and most of them already indicate the speaker's gender and often their age and societal standing relative to the person they are speaking to."
2285:) (high tone) This is perhaps one of the highest honorifics in Thai culture. It is reserved for monks and priests. It is also allows for use when referring to a most revered place or object such as a temple or palace.
1746:
would become Mohtarma Shamim Ara. These prefixes are, however, rarely used in formal and informal conversations and are almost entirely used as a title given to a national figure or when writing applications or
826:) and honorific language are words, word constructs, and expressions in the Chinese language that convey self-deprecation, social respect, politeness, or deference. During the ancient and imperial periods,
143:
is a title that conveys esteem, courtesy, or respect for position or rank when used in addressing or referring to a person. Sometimes, the term "honorific" is used in a more specific sense to refer to an
395:
are usually addressed as "Captain" plus their full name or surname. This tradition is slowly diminishing in the United States and most European Union countries. However, many countries, especially in
2197:) (falling tone) is used when speaking to or about an older sibling or friend. It is used for both men and women and can also be used when referring to oneself if one is older than the addressees.
1603:
are derived from Surakarta court. Initially used to address unmarried women who are adolescents or of marriageable age, they are now used with all women, with no age or marital status connotation.
2302:/Muhterem , which precedes the surname or full name, and is not gender-specific. (e.g. Sayın/Muhterem Name Surname, or Sayın/Muhterem Surname). They are generally used in very formal situations.
1343:
are used in everyday conversation. Most of them denote how the speaker's status relates to the one they are speaking to, and their use is mandatory in many formal and informal social situations.
989:
abound, covering formal and informal relationships for commercial, generational, social, and spiritual links. Honorifics may be prefix, suffix, or replacement types. There are many variations.
1703:, whose Malay royalty was abolished by the British colonial government in 1891, has adopted civic titles for its leaders. Being Muslim, Malay people address high-ranking religious scholars as
399:, follow this tradition and address airline pilots, military pilots, and flight instructors exclusively as "Captain" even outside of the professional environment. In addition, such countries'
2737:
2330:
communicates that the second person is to be respected as two people. This honorific is typically reserved for in-laws. It is undocumented if any other honorifics exist beyond this one.
2016:
achievements and successes might be ignored unless announced to the public), even due to historical usage of pseudo-titles in newspapers when Filipinos first began writing in English.
642:
is frequently used for an elder to denote respect by younger speakers. It is used in direct conversation and used in referring to someone in the third person. Other honorifics include
2799:
1320:
160:
ways of encoding the relative social status of speakers. Honorifics can be used as prefixes or suffixes depending on the appropriate occasion and presentation in accordance with
191:) first person forms (expressions such as "your most humble servant" or "this unworthy person") whose effect is to enhance the relative honor accorded to the person addressed.
4578:
2178:) (mid tone) is used the same way as "mister" or "Mrs" or "Miss". It is a formal way to refer to persons not overly familiar. It is also used as a pronoun for the word "you".
1376:
that is used in daily life, used as a formal and polite way of speaking to others in general. It is usually used when the speaker does not know the other person well. Under
716:
instead, this being the word for "chief". Although the former of the two titles is only used by men, aristocrats of either gender are addressed using the latter of them.
4726:
1610:
2708:
1780:
or miyan is an honorific commonly used to refer to any man in general. Historically the term was used to indicate a king or a prince under the suzerainty of the
1142:(বাবু), used with the person's given (first) name. Thus, Shubhash Basu would be Shubhash-Babu. For men with whom one has a more formal relationship, the suffix
2855:
2127:
can be considered disrespectful or provocative, except when it is directed to a person notably younger than the speaker, or in an especially informal context.
1131:
distinction in Spanish). A similar distinction exists for third person pronouns. When honorifics are attached in Hindi, the verb matches the plural case.)
1738:. For example, Syed Mohammad Jahangir would become Mohtaram Syed Mohammad Jahangir. The traditional Urdu honorific in Pakistan for a woman is the prefix
2764:
1633:
denote: "Mr." among colleagues, friends, and others of slightly higher age or social status, meaning literally "Golden Son", "Lord", or "Heir Apparent".
408:" after an attorney's name, in the U.S.) and may be used where appropriate, especially when addressing airline pilots with many years of experience.
2887:
4027:
4719:
3695:
3618:
3907:
3439:
2729:
209:
are usually placed immediately before a person's name. Honorifics used (both as style and as form of address) include, in the case of a man, "
3517:
2472:
670:(older/younger mother). Furthermore, parents are oftentimes addressed by a combination of their parental title and the name of a child, e.g.
2795:
2520:
Nassenstein, Nico (2018). "Politeness in Kisangani Swahili: Speakers' Pragmatic Strategies at the Fringes of the Kiswahili Speaking World".
2020:
contradiction of the American colonial project. The Americans who occupied the Philippines justified their actions through the rhetoric of "
4158:
1759:. For example, Syed Zaki Ahmed would become Syed Zaki Ahmed Sahab. The traditional Urdu honorific in Pakistan for a woman is the suffix
1000:
are usually placed immediately before the name of the subject. Honorifics which can be used of any adult of the appropriate sex include
5392:
4712:
3623:
2273:
2242:
2223:
2204:
2185:
2166:
5300:
1949:
The usage of Filipino honorifics differs from person to person, though commonalities occur like the occasional insertion of the word
2970:
2644:
2095:
Additionally, older people and those with whom one would speak respectfully (e.g., one's boss or teacher), are often addressed as
4837:
2923:
1107:. (Hindi, like many languages, distinguishes between pronouns for persons older in age or status. Such a person is referred as
2350:, and others, eschew honorific titles. When addressing or referring to someone, they often use the person's name, an informal
2160:
The most common Thai honorifics are used to differentiate age between friends, family, and peers. The most commonly used are:
674:
refers to the father of Zekiyah. While Swahili is Bantu, it is highly influenced by Arabic and Hindi languages and cultures.
654:(for parents and grandparents). Additionally, some Arabic loanwords are used in coastal regions as honorifics, too, such as
5425:
5360:
2597:
1515:
are used for a very familiar friend or sir; they literally meaning "small father" or a relative younger than one's father.
4444:
4291:
2700:
1907:). Such honorifics are used in both formal and informal situations. A more formal honorific referring to gender would be
2535:
Kraska-Szlenk, Iwona (2017). "Address Inversion in Swahili: Usage Patterns, Cognitive Motivation and Cultural Factors".
107:
5355:
4809:
3963:
3865:
1271:(doctor) is used freely for any graduate of a university. For college professors on academic settings, the honorifics
428:
discharged may 'bear the title' of the highest rank held, as codified in law, 10 USC 772e, both officer and enlisted.
79:
5280:
5230:
4735:
2830:
2684:
2115:(literally "your mercy"). This formal you is accompanied by verb conjugation that is different from the informal you
1891:
honorifics generally follow the second name, especially if they refer to gender or particular social statuses (e.g.,
1875:
973:
777:
613:
126:
2847:
1857:
955:
759:
595:
4573:
4449:
4296:
378:
17:
1399:
which is used when people simply want to speak in a polite way regardless of the age or class of the other person.
662:(maternal aunt), the familial roles for which are more often described elsewhere in the Swahili-speaking world as
5305:
5270:
4365:
86:
2266:
scholars and those who have dedicated their lives to Theravada Buddhism assume this title among their followers.
5483:
5295:
5290:
5285:
1944:
1853:
951:
755:
712:
is used as a synonym for the English "mister". Titled members of the region's aristocracy are therefore called
591:
64:
1992:
although it may sound awkward or unnatural to some language purists who argue that the basic titles or either
5265:
4583:
4012:
3999:
3580:
2772:
5275:
3716:
3343:
3295:
2963:
1927:, which comes after other honorifics (except those referring to gender), and is not gender-specific (e.g.,
1315:
93:
2878:
690:
for a sister or close female friend; thus, John and Jane would be Ndugu John and Dada Jane, respectively.
5049:
3821:
3021:
2144:
with their children. Phrases could be made polite by adding the second person singular possessive suffix
544:
4803:
4110:
3371:
3092:
1849:
947:
751:
587:
60:
75:
4553:
4422:
2414:
1525:
are used for a big father, uncle, or relative older than one's father, meaning literally "Grand Sir".
172:
145:
1210:(meaning "sacred") which is used to address adult males and is often a part of many city names (e.g
885:), which is the use of euphemisms or tactful language to approach sensitive topics and show respect.
5418:
4524:
4380:
3917:
3206:
1838:
1755:
936:
740:
576:
242:
157:
153:
31:
2448:
U.S./Canadian usage of professor differs from most of the rest of the English-speaking world. See
898:), which employs praising and laudatory words or phrases with the intent to flatter the addressee.
349:
the U.S. Supreme Court (as well as some state-level appellate judges) are addressed as "Justice".
4744:
4693:
4263:
2956:
2021:
1842:
1678:
1430:
1150:(মহাশয়)) is used with the person's family (last) name. Thus, Shubhash Basu would be Basu-Moshai.
940:
744:
580:
298:
161:
53:
3595:
4861:
4281:
4190:
3957:
3828:
3685:
3314:
2254:) (mid-tone both syllables) is used to address a professor. It is used much in the same way as
5520:
5335:
5328:
5079:
4866:
4843:
4032:
3077:
1082:(long "a" then short "a") is used, and a male friend will often earn the suffix honorific of
549:
514:
484:
259:
1980:
Depending on one's relation with the party being addressed, various honorifics may be used.
5162:
5097:
5067:
4942:
4925:
4320:
4052:
3787:
2354:, or some other style implying social equality, such as "brother", "sister", "friend", or "
2262:
carries more prestige. It generally refers to someone who is a master in their field. Many
2040:
has a number of honorific forms that may be used with or as substitutes for names, such as
1659:
795:
384:
In music, a distinguished conductor or virtuoso instrumentalist may be known as "Maestro".
238:
234:
1684:
8:
5593:
5534:
5453:
5411:
5345:
5323:
5225:
4831:
4770:
4680:
4417:
4407:
4330:
4305:
3628:
3362:
3338:
1309:
835:
529:
499:
489:
241:
may be used so as not to identify people by gender. In some environments, the honorific
5562:
5548:
5527:
5476:
5467:
5460:
5446:
5373:
5350:
4937:
4543:
4486:
4250:
3930:
3723:
3605:
3285:
3259:
3135:
3026:
2912:
2671:
2633:
2552:
2409:
2263:
1248:
827:
811:
524:
494:
255:
217:), and, in the case of a woman, previously either of two depending on marital status: "
206:
200:
176:
100:
2383:
Feminist criticism of the use of separate honorifics for married and unmarried women (
5555:
5541:
5504:
5497:
5490:
5245:
5055:
4962:
4855:
4826:
4820:
4629:
4395:
3884:
3764:
3158:
3124:
3119:
2826:
2680:
2556:
2359:
1962:
1801:
Sir and Ma'am/Madam have become increasingly common in formal professional settings.
1653:
1218:, meaning "master", which is used to address unmarried men. Its female equivalent is
1075:
986:
534:
519:
509:
504:
318:
165:
4704:
5511:
5194:
5091:
4999:
4907:
4849:
4814:
4798:
4514:
4390:
4385:
4286:
4207:
4104:
3772:
3741:
3648:
3507:
3228:
2544:
2496:
2294:
2235:) (mid tone) is used when addressing a teacher, translating literally to 'teacher'.
2037:
2025:
1888:
1609:
is not an honorific; it denotes an older woman of very low status, in some cases a
1442:
1344:
1169:
1135:
869:
635:
424:
388:
373:
dynasty, or "Her Grand Ducal Highness" for a member of a family that reigns over a
314:
275:
271:
2948:
1195:
respectively. For example, Pu Laldenga or Pi Ropuiliani. Additionally, the prefix
5571:
5130:
5085:
5009:
4952:
4919:
4519:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4360:
4325:
4276:
4234:
4200:
4128:
4005:
3912:
3754:
3731:
3690:
3444:
3404:
3216:
2570:
Habwe, John Hamu (2010). "Politeness Phenomena: A Case of Kiswahili Honorifics".
2424:
1781:
1473:
1226:
631:
366:
251:
180:
5061:
4889:
4412:
4375:
4254:
4246:
4185:
4177:
4153:
4143:
4075:
4019:
3984:
3860:
3842:
3792:
3532:
3467:
3411:
3087:
3012:
2701:"محترم English Meaning: Honorable Mohtaram Meaning, Urdu To English Dictionary"
2589:
2419:
2404:
2339:
1688:
1203:
831:
539:
392:
282:
214:
1487:
is a somewhat outdated, egalitarian term to refer to a brotherhood among men.
5587:
5379:
5209:
5184:
5103:
4994:
4883:
4790:
4402:
4310:
4229:
4118:
4099:
4084:
3989:
3952:
3835:
3802:
3782:
3705:
3680:
3675:
3662:
3633:
3590:
3527:
3434:
3419:
3390:
3303:
3097:
2979:
2320:
1184:
457:
442:
413:
353:
294:
1573:
meaning: "Madam", "Ma'am", "Ms.", or "Mrs.", and literally meaning "Mother".
5172:
4986:
4901:
4752:
4668:
4656:
4606:
4600:
4595:
4454:
4148:
4094:
4089:
4042:
3976:
3902:
3892:
3871:
3815:
3749:
3700:
3562:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3512:
3487:
3477:
3384:
3165:
2983:
2373:
1777:
1766:
855:), which is used when referring to others to show deference and politeness.
791:
467:
462:
302:
281:
Other honorifics may denote the honored person's occupation, for instance "
247:
2548:
5367:
4957:
4947:
4895:
4641:
4563:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4133:
4047:
4037:
3897:
3855:
3850:
3667:
3643:
3585:
3552:
3522:
3502:
3497:
3472:
3462:
3429:
3424:
3240:
3221:
3175:
3170:
3051:
2085:
1674:
627:
447:
374:
2380:" (for high-ranking military officials) continued to be used by people.
2148:. Other ways to utilize honorific speech is by changing words entirely.
2084:(female) for people of rank or, in some Latin American countries (e.g.,
1103:. For example, M.K. Gandhi (the Mahatma) was often referred to as Gandhi
365:", the exact rank being indicated by an appropriate modifier, e.g. "His
5167:
5109:
4931:
4634:
4617:
4558:
4538:
4195:
4123:
4070:
4066:
3994:
3810:
3777:
3710:
3613:
3557:
3379:
3333:
3290:
3245:
3196:
3129:
3109:
3072:
3046:
3002:
2997:
2324:
1743:
1115:(both translating as "you" in English, but similar in principle to the
1078:, for an uncle who is your mother's brother, the replacement honorific
705:
452:
230:
149:
841:
In general, there are five distinct categories of honorific language:
4646:
4533:
4509:
4163:
3923:
3638:
3321:
3255:
3201:
3148:
3143:
3016:
2449:
2347:
1977:("Mister", "Sir", "Big brother") that have roots in Chinese culture.
1753:: The traditional Urdu honorific in Pakistan for a man is the suffix
1700:
400:
334:
330:
267:
263:
2672:"Shifting languages: interaction and identity in Javanese Indonesia"
1827:
1585:
is an honorific used with a highly respected Muslim cleric (same as
925:
729:
565:
352:
Similarly, a monarch ranking as a king/queen or emperor and his/her
42:
27:
Title that conveys esteem, courtesy, or respect for position or rank
5189:
5157:
5073:
5004:
4913:
4756:
4663:
4651:
4612:
4590:
4481:
4370:
4315:
4138:
3937:
3397:
3350:
3309:
3280:
3268:
3211:
3191:
3153:
3114:
2089:
2065:
1719:
1696:
1251:
are usually limited to formal situations. Professional titles like
701:
is used as an aristocratic pre-nominal by chiefs and elders alike.
437:
362:
322:
310:
2730:"Mohtarma Meaning in English - Madame Meaning In Roman Dictionary"
2278:
2247:
2228:
2209:
2190:
2171:
2088:), for any senior citizen. In some Latin American countries, like
2072:
for a teacher, master mechanic, or person with a master's degree;
4877:
4871:
4780:
4504:
4476:
3944:
3572:
3327:
3233:
3082:
3056:
3007:
2363:
2355:
2351:
1590:
1154:
1016:
830:
varied greatly based on one's social status, but with the end of
405:
290:
286:
3274:
2620:
The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in Modern China
2005:) as adjectival nouns (i.e., first letter not capitalized, e.g.
1795:
Hajji is used before the name of individuals who have completed
5240:
5235:
5204:
5177:
5135:
4968:
4673:
4548:
3658:
3104:
2343:
2061:
1788:
1692:
1586:
1036:
370:
306:
5403:
4775:
4623:
4352:
4338:
4334:
2377:
2060:
for a person with bachelor's or a professional degree (e.g.,
1770:
1351:
1096:
997:
799:
694:
682:, but may also mean grandfather. Other prefix honorifics are
473:
326:
225:" if married, widowed, or divorced; more recently, a third, "
5199:
5149:
5025:
4748:
2388:
2384:
1796:
1792:
is used before the names of religious leaders and scholars.
1731:
1161:. For example, Visveswariah was referred to as Visveswariah
1074:, act as complete replacements for a name. For example, in
1041:
1026:
834:, many of these distinctions fell out of favour due to the
404:
addressee's full name. However, this is optional (akin to "
396:
358:
222:
218:
2677:
Studies in the Social and Cultural Foundations of Language
1763:; for instance, Shamim Ara would become Shamim Ara Sahiba.
381:", which was an official style, but unique to one person.
183:
in the second person. Some languages have anti-honorific (
2392:
1002:
338:
226:
210:
30:
For the grammatical use of honorifics in languages, see
2668:
1176:. For example, Madhav Scindia was referred to as Madhav
1935:). They are generally used in very formal situations.
4734:
2123:. In some regions, addressing a relative stranger as
1476:
majority ethnicity has many honorifics. For example:
2978:
1643:, means "Second Heir Apparent" and is now obsolete.
1445:, his family members and equivalent foreign nobles.
1296:(with a capital L) is used instead of the informal
678:is a prefix honorific used with elders, similar to
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2670:
2119:. Intimate friends and relatives are addressed as
1255:(engineer) are often substituted for the ordinary
2913:"Lakap ve ünvnların kaldırılmasına ilişkin kanun"
2796:"The Honorable peculiarities of Filipino English"
2769:the New Standard (formerly Manila Standard Today)
1711:is a honorific used to address a village leader.
1668:
1354:, there are three rough divisions of honorifics:
1233:. Thus, Potti Sriramulu would be Potti Sriramulu
5585:
2391:) has led to some women adopting the honorific "
2103:, a formal/respectful way of saying "you" (e.g.
1505:meaning: "Sir", "Mister", or literally "Father".
868:), which is used when referring to oneself in a
693:Amongst the Akan ethnic groups of West Africa's
1448:
1421:
1402:
1381:
1358:
1329:
341:, are addressed as "Doctor" (abbreviated Dr.).
2333:
1734:honorific in Pakistan for a man is the prefix
1563:meaning "grandmother", literally "Grand Lady".
1455:
1428:
1409:
1388:
1365:
1336:
5419:
4720:
2964:
2534:
1553:meaning "grandfather", literally "Grand Sir".
646:(for ministers, employers, and authorities),
2367:
2111:historically comes from the honorific title
2032:
1623:, means "Heir Apparent" and is now obsolete.
1539:, meaning "Prince, flag-bearer 'His Highness
478:
194:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2519:
1856:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1187:honorific for men and women are the prefix
954:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
758:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
594:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
5426:
5412:
5393:Knowledge:WikiProject Royalty and Nobility
4727:
4713:
2971:
2957:
2839:
686:, for brother or a close male friend, and
474:Honorifics in other languages and cultures
1933:Rayis Arjomand Sarkar Khanom Name Surname
1876:Learn how and when to remove this message
1138:honorific for ordinary men is the suffix
974:Learn how and when to remove this message
778:Learn how and when to remove this message
614:Learn how and when to remove this message
156:in linguistics, which are grammatical or
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
2762:
2751:
1441:that exists and it is used only for the
1319:
2820:
2793:
2052:("Madam", "Mrs.", "Lady", "ma'am") and
872:manner to show humbleness and humility.
14:
5586:
2794:Claudio, Lisandro (6 September 2010).
650:(for peers, friends, colleagues), and
416:are addressed as "the Right Honourable
5407:
4708:
2952:
2845:
2569:
5361:List of current constituent monarchs
2650:from the original on 18 October 2022
2617:
1854:adding citations to reliable sources
1821:
1111:; a person of same status is called
952:adding citations to reliable sources
919:
756:adding citations to reliable sources
723:
592:adding citations to reliable sources
559:
361:rank are addressed as "Your/His/Her
171:Typically, honorifics are used as a
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
2893:from the original on 9 October 2022
2876:
1817:
24:
5356:List of current sovereign monarchs
4810:Imperial and Most Faithful Majesty
2929:from the original on 28 April 2015
2848:"In Conversation: Mui Poopoksakul"
2823:Preverbal Particles in Pingelapese
2763:Avecilla, Victor (12 April 2014).
2679:(19). Cambridge University Press.
2338:People who have a strong sense of
2107:Dr. Polo, how are you?). The word
1287:. Masculine honorifics lose their
25:
5605:
5231:Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
4736:Imperial, royal, and noble styles
2944:
2802:from the original on 10 June 2015
2765:"What's in a title and a degree?"
2358:". This was also the practice in
1579:means "His or Her Royal Majesty".
3619:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2669:Errington, James Joseph (1998).
2641:Civil Service Bureau (Hong Kong)
2522:Afrikanistik-Ägyptolopgie-Online
1826:
996:: The most common honorifics in
924:
728:
708:, also in West Africa, the word
564:
379:Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother
41:
2905:
2870:
2858:from the original on 2019-04-06
2814:
2787:
2740:from the original on 2020-06-28
2722:
2711:from the original on 2020-06-25
2693:
2662:
2600:from the original on 2022-10-18
2501:Wiktionary, the free dictionary
1328:In Japanese, honorifics called
1214:). Another common honorific is
1199:may be used for elder siblings.
719:
52:needs additional citations for
5433:
5346:Defender of the Holy Sepulchre
2626:
2611:
2582:
2563:
2528:
2513:
2489:
2465:
2442:
2076:("doctor"); etc. Also used is
1945:Filipino styles and honorifics
1938:
1669:Malaysia, Brunei and Singapore
907:
902:
894:
889:
881:
876:
864:
859:
851:
846:
822:
817:
13:
1:
2880:Wuvulu Grammar and Vocabulary
2846:Semel, Lindsay (2018-10-15).
2825:. Ann Arbor. pp. 41–42.
2430:
2314:
2048:("Mr.", "Sir", "Gentleman");
1123:distinction in French or the
2622:. Stanford University Press.
2105:Dra. Polo, ¿cómo está usted?
1316:Honorific speech in Japanese
207:honorifics in modern English
7:
5050:Imperial and Royal Highness
2398:
2334:Opposition and alternatives
2279:
2248:
2229:
2210:
2191:
2172:
2151:
2130:
1929:Ostad Arjomand Name Surname
1714:
1687:is extensively used in the
1467:
1449:
1422:
1403:
1382:
1359:
1330:
545:Thai royal ranks and titles
431:
10:
5610:
4804:Imperial and Royal Majesty
4282:Imperial, royal, and noble
2318:
2305:
1942:
1805:(sister), Bhai (brother),
1672:
1657:
1651:
1313:
1307:
1048:for Sikh women. In Tamil,
809:
666:(older/younger father) or
278:always end with a period.
198:
29:
5441:
5388:
5316:
5258:
5218:
5148:
5123:
5042:
5018:
4985:
4978:
4789:
4763:
4742:
4689:
4497:
4469:
4366:Imperial, royal and noble
4351:
4262:
4243:
4176:
4065:
3975:
3883:
3801:
3763:
3740:
3657:
3604:
3571:
3486:
3453:
3370:
3359:
3254:
3184:
3065:
3039:
2990:
2415:Style (manner of address)
2289:
2033:Spanish-speaking cultures
1456:
1429:
1410:
1395:beautiful, clean language
1389:
1366:
1337:
555:
479:Culturally specific usage
333:. Holders of an academic
195:Modern English honorifics
175:in the grammatical third
3207:Maiden and married names
2618:Chow, Tse-tsung (1960).
2056:("Miss", "young lady");
1969:("Miss", "Big sister"),
1647:
1611:mother (Common Language)
1303:
1263:(mister or Mrs.), while
1243:
1229:honorific is the suffix
1206:honorific is the prefix
1172:honorific is the suffix
1157:honorific is the suffix
1099:honorific is the suffix
1066:: Some honorifics, like
915:
805:
790:Some honorifics used by
329:" for Jewish clergy, or
32:Honorifics (linguistics)
4694:Category:Lists of names
2821:Hattori, Ryoko (2012).
2376:" (for landlords) and "
2022:benevolent assimilation
1923:. A newer honorific is
1679:Malay styles and titles
1491:is Betawi language for
146:honorary academic title
5351:Great Catholic Monarch
4862:Most Excellent Majesty
4838:Most Christian Majesty
3624:Eritrean and Ethiopian
2596:(in Chinese (China)).
2368:
1975:Ginoo/Mang/Manong/Kuya
1691:-speaking cultures in
1535:, or the contraction '
1325:
5336:Defender of the Faith
5329:Divine right of kings
5080:Ducal Serene Highness
4902:Most Eminent Highness
4867:Most Gracious Majesty
4844:Most Faithful Majesty
4554:Galton–Watson process
4159:Ancient Tamil country
3581:Australian Aboriginal
2549:10.1515/cog-2017-0129
2537:Cognitive Linguistics
2319:Further information:
1685:Titles and honorifics
1323:
845:Respectful Language (
658:(paternal uncle) and
550:Vietnamese honorifics
515:Honorifics in Judaism
485:Australian honorifics
309:) or "Father" (for a
305:" (for all Christian
262:as examples) without
260:South African English
5163:Duli Yang Maha Mulia
5098:Illustrious Highness
5068:Grand Ducal Highness
4926:Illustrious Highness
4321:Post-nominal letters
3440:Indigenous Taiwanese
2360:Revolutionary France
1965:has honorifics like
1850:improve this section
1683:A complex system of
1660:Korean speech levels
1629:and its contraction
1599:and the more common
1569:and its contraction
1559:and its contraction
1549:and its contraction
1521:and its contraction
1511:and its contraction
1501:and its contraction
1324:Mi-rareta (Sonkeigo)
948:improve this section
888:Courteous Language (
816:Chinese honorifics (
752:improve this section
588:improve this section
369:" for a member of a
325:Christian priest), "
221:" if unmarried and "
61:improve this article
5324:By the Grace of God
4681:Surnames by country
4306:Pre-nominal letters
3363:Surnames by country
2798:. GMA News Online.
2364:socialist countries
1973:("Mrs.", "Madam"),
1971:Ginang/Aling/Manang
1547:Eyang Putera Kakung
1416:is another type of
1372:, the most popular
1310:Japanese honorifics
1006:(also Romanised as
875:Indirect Language (
836:May Fourth Movement
530:Japanese honorifics
500:Filipino honorifics
490:Canadian honorifics
213:" (irrespective of
148:. It is also often
5374:Translatio imperii
4544:Endonym and exonym
4487:Calendar of saints
4470:Related traditions
4244:Manners of address
3606:Sub-Saharan Africa
3027:Nobiliary particle
2886:. pp. 59–60.
2877:Hafford, James A.
2410:List of honorifics
2264:Theravada Buddhist
1730:: The traditional
1326:
1249:Italian honorifics
1010:, abbreviation of
901:Elegant Language (
828:Chinese honorifics
812:Chinese honorifics
525:Islamic honorifics
495:Chinese honorifics
256:Australian English
201:English honorifics
5581:
5580:
5401:
5400:
5254:
5253:
5246:Sultanic Highness
5144:
5143:
5119:
5118:
5056:Imperial Highness
5038:
5037:
5034:
5033:
4856:Britannic Majesty
4827:Catholic Monarchs
4821:Apostolic Majesty
4702:
4701:
4630:Personal identity
4465:
4464:
4172:
4171:
4113:
4061:
4060:
4022:
4015:
4008:
3966:
3947:
3940:
3933:
3926:
3874:
3845:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3726:
3719:
3414:
3407:
3400:
3393:
3185:By life situation
3138:
2277:
2246:
2227:
2208:
2189:
2170:
1963:Filipino language
1919:, which precedes
1911:, which precedes
1886:
1885:
1878:
1654:Korean honorifics
1529:Bendara Raden Mas
1052:(abbreviation of
1030:(abbreviation of
1020:(abbreviation of
987:Indian honorifics
984:
983:
976:
858:Humble Language (
788:
787:
780:
668:mama mkubwa/mdogo
664:baba mkubwa/mdogo
624:
623:
616:
535:Korean honorifics
520:Indian honorifics
510:German honorifics
505:French honorifics
425:military officers
389:pilots in command
319:Oriental Orthodox
137:
136:
129:
111:
16:(Redirected from
5601:
5574:
5565:
5558:
5551:
5544:
5537:
5530:
5523:
5514:
5507:
5500:
5493:
5486:
5479:
5470:
5463:
5456:
5449:
5428:
5421:
5414:
5405:
5404:
5226:Amir al-Mu'minin
5216:
5215:
5124:Specific culture
5121:
5120:
5040:
5039:
4983:
4982:
4976:
4975:
4943:Most Illustrious
4908:Exalted Highness
4850:Orthodox Majesty
4832:Catholic Majesty
4815:Imperial Majesty
4745:Forms of address
4729:
4722:
4715:
4706:
4705:
4515:Anthropomorphism
4260:
4259:
4208:Buddhist surname
4109:
4018:
4011:
4004:
3964:Hispanic America
3962:
3943:
3936:
3929:
3922:
3870:
3841:
3834:
3829:African-American
3827:
3820:
3738:
3737:
3722:
3715:
3686:Ashkenazi Jewish
3491:and Western Asia
3456:and Central Asia
3410:
3403:
3396:
3389:
3368:
3367:
3229:Placeholder name
3134:
3078:Double-barrelled
2973:
2966:
2959:
2950:
2949:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2928:
2917:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2898:
2892:
2885:
2874:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2775:on 27 April 2014
2771:. Archived from
2760:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2697:
2691:
2690:
2674:
2666:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2649:
2638:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2469:
2453:
2446:
2371:
2284:
2272:
2253:
2241:
2234:
2222:
2215:
2203:
2196:
2184:
2177:
2165:
2026:Lisandro Claudio
1881:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1861:
1830:
1822:
1818:Persian cultures
1707:(grandpa imam).
1639:, contracted to
1619:, contracted to
1542:
1461:
1459:
1458:
1452:
1443:Japanese emperor
1436:
1434:
1433:
1425:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1406:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1385:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1362:
1345:Japanese grammar
1342:
1340:
1339:
1333:
1225:The traditional
1202:The traditional
1183:The traditional
1168:The traditional
1153:The traditional
1134:The traditional
1095:The traditional
1064:Replacement type
979:
972:
968:
965:
959:
928:
920:
909:
904:
896:
891:
883:
878:
870:self-deprecating
866:
861:
853:
848:
824:
819:
783:
776:
772:
769:
763:
732:
724:
619:
612:
608:
605:
599:
568:
560:
419:
315:Eastern Orthodox
276:Canadian English
205:The most common
154:honorific speech
152:with systems of
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
45:
37:
21:
18:Title of respect
5609:
5608:
5604:
5603:
5602:
5600:
5599:
5598:
5584:
5583:
5582:
5577:
5570:
5561:
5554:
5547:
5540:
5533:
5526:
5519:
5510:
5503:
5496:
5489:
5482:
5475:
5466:
5459:
5452:
5445:
5437:
5432:
5402:
5397:
5384:
5312:
5250:
5214:
5140:
5115:
5086:Serene Highness
5030:
5014:
4974:
4965:(The Much Hon.)
4953:Hochwohlgeboren
4920:Serene Highness
4785:
4759:
4738:
4733:
4703:
4698:
4685:
4520:Personification
4493:
4461:
4347:
4249:
4245:
4239:
4235:Theophoric name
4168:
4073:
4057:
3971:
3879:
3797:
3759:
3736:
3665:
3653:
3600:
3567:
3490:
3482:
3455:
3449:
3361:
3355:
3250:
3217:Posthumous name
3180:
3061:
3035:
2986:
2977:
2947:
2942:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2915:
2911:
2910:
2906:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2883:
2875:
2871:
2861:
2859:
2844:
2840:
2833:
2819:
2815:
2805:
2803:
2792:
2788:
2778:
2776:
2761:
2752:
2743:
2741:
2728:
2727:
2723:
2714:
2712:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2687:
2667:
2663:
2653:
2651:
2647:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2616:
2612:
2603:
2601:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2568:
2564:
2533:
2529:
2518:
2514:
2506:
2504:
2495:
2494:
2490:
2481:
2479:
2477:www.govinfo.gov
2471:
2470:
2466:
2457:
2456:
2447:
2443:
2433:
2425:T-V distinction
2401:
2336:
2327:
2317:
2308:
2292:
2154:
2133:
2035:
2011:
1947:
1941:
1882:
1871:
1865:
1862:
1847:
1831:
1820:
1742:. For example,
1717:
1681:
1673:Main articles:
1671:
1662:
1656:
1650:
1637:Raden Emas Behi
1593:in South Asia).
1540:
1470:
1453:
1437:is the highest
1426:
1407:
1386:
1363:
1334:
1318:
1312:
1306:
1246:
980:
969:
963:
960:
945:
929:
918:
814:
808:
784:
773:
767:
764:
749:
733:
722:
620:
609:
603:
600:
585:
569:
558:
481:
476:
434:
417:
412:members of the
367:Serene Highness
203:
197:
181:form of address
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5607:
5597:
5596:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5575:
5568:
5567:
5566:
5552:
5545:
5538:
5531:
5524:
5517:
5516:
5515:
5501:
5494:
5487:
5480:
5473:
5472:
5471:
5457:
5450:
5442:
5439:
5438:
5431:
5430:
5423:
5416:
5408:
5399:
5398:
5396:
5395:
5389:
5386:
5385:
5383:
5382:
5377:
5370:
5365:
5364:
5363:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5340:Fidei defensor
5333:
5332:
5331:
5320:
5318:
5314:
5313:
5311:
5310:
5309:
5308:
5303:
5296:United Kingdom
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5262:
5260:
5256:
5255:
5252:
5251:
5249:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5222:
5220:
5213:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5181:
5180:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5154:
5152:
5146:
5145:
5142:
5141:
5139:
5138:
5133:
5127:
5125:
5117:
5116:
5114:
5113:
5107:
5101:
5095:
5089:
5083:
5077:
5071:
5065:
5062:Royal Highness
5059:
5053:
5046:
5044:
5036:
5035:
5032:
5031:
5029:
5028:
5022:
5020:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4991:
4989:
4980:
4973:
4972:
4966:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4938:Most Excellent
4935:
4929:
4923:
4917:
4911:
4905:
4899:
4893:
4890:Royal Highness
4887:
4881:
4875:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4853:
4847:
4841:
4835:
4829:
4824:
4818:
4812:
4807:
4801:
4795:
4793:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4767:
4765:
4761:
4760:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4732:
4731:
4724:
4717:
4709:
4700:
4699:
4697:
4696:
4690:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4683:
4678:
4677:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4660:
4659:
4644:
4639:
4638:
4637:
4627:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4568:
4567:
4566:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4530:
4529:
4528:
4527:
4512:
4507:
4501:
4499:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4490:
4489:
4479:
4473:
4471:
4467:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4459:
4458:
4457:
4452:
4450:Ecclesiastical
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4426:
4425:
4420:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4399:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4363:
4357:
4355:
4349:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4344:
4343:
4342:
4341:
4328:
4318:
4308:
4303:
4302:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4297:Ecclesiastical
4289:
4284:
4279:
4268:
4266:
4257:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4226:
4225:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4204:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4186:Christian name
4182:
4180:
4174:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4115:
4114:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4081:
4079:
4076:Southeast Asia
4063:
4062:
4059:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4024:
4023:
4016:
4009:
4000:Eastern Slavic
3997:
3992:
3987:
3981:
3979:
3973:
3972:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3967:
3955:
3950:
3949:
3948:
3941:
3934:
3927:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3889:
3887:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3877:
3876:
3875:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3847:
3846:
3839:
3832:
3825:
3813:
3807:
3805:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3769:
3767:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3757:
3752:
3746:
3744:
3735:
3734:
3729:
3728:
3727:
3720:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3672:
3670:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3610:
3608:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3577:
3575:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3494:
3492:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3459:
3457:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3394:
3382:
3376:
3374:
3365:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3341:
3331:
3324:
3319:
3318:
3317:
3307:
3300:
3299:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3278:
3271:
3265:
3263:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3226:
3225:
3224:
3219:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3188:
3186:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3162:
3161:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3140:
3139:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3080:
3075:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3043:
3041:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3019:
3005:
3000:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2987:
2980:Personal names
2976:
2975:
2968:
2961:
2953:
2946:
2945:External links
2943:
2941:
2940:
2922:(in Turkish).
2904:
2869:
2838:
2831:
2813:
2786:
2750:
2721:
2692:
2685:
2661:
2625:
2610:
2590:""尊稱"的解釋 | 漢典"
2581:
2562:
2543:(3): 545–583.
2527:
2512:
2488:
2463:
2455:
2454:
2440:
2439:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2420:The Honourable
2417:
2412:
2407:
2405:List of titles
2400:
2397:
2340:egalitarianism
2335:
2332:
2316:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2268:
2267:
2237:
2236:
2218:
2217:
2199:
2198:
2180:
2179:
2153:
2150:
2132:
2129:
2113:vuestra merced
2034:
2031:
2009:
1943:Main article:
1940:
1937:
1884:
1883:
1834:
1832:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1809:(male elder),
1803:Baji/Appa/Aapi
1799:
1793:
1785:
1782:Mughal emperor
1775:
1764:
1748:
1716:
1713:
1699:. In contrast
1689:Malay language
1670:
1667:
1652:Main article:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1634:
1624:
1614:
1604:
1594:
1580:
1574:
1564:
1554:
1544:
1526:
1516:
1506:
1496:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1446:
1400:
1380:there is also
1308:Main article:
1305:
1302:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1223:
1212:Tiruvannamalai
1200:
1181:
1166:
1151:
1132:
1087:
1061:
1034:). In Punjab,
982:
981:
932:
930:
923:
917:
914:
913:
912:
899:
886:
873:
856:
832:Imperial China
810:Main article:
807:
804:
798:, turned into
792:Ancient Romans
786:
785:
736:
734:
727:
721:
718:
622:
621:
572:
570:
563:
557:
554:
553:
552:
547:
542:
540:Kunya (Arabic)
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
480:
477:
475:
472:
471:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
433:
430:
393:civil aircraft
215:marital status
199:Main article:
196:
193:
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5606:
5595:
5592:
5591:
5589:
5573:
5569:
5564:
5560:
5559:
5557:
5553:
5550:
5546:
5543:
5539:
5536:
5532:
5529:
5525:
5522:
5518:
5513:
5509:
5508:
5506:
5502:
5499:
5495:
5492:
5488:
5485:
5481:
5478:
5474:
5469:
5465:
5464:
5462:
5458:
5455:
5451:
5448:
5444:
5443:
5440:
5436:
5429:
5424:
5422:
5417:
5415:
5410:
5409:
5406:
5394:
5391:
5390:
5387:
5381:
5380:Victory title
5378:
5376:
5375:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5362:
5359:
5358:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5341:
5337:
5334:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5325:
5322:
5321:
5319:
5315:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5298:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5257:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5217:
5211:
5210:Son of Heaven
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5185:King of Kings
5183:
5179:
5176:
5175:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5155:
5153:
5151:
5147:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5128:
5126:
5122:
5111:
5108:
5105:
5102:
5099:
5096:
5093:
5090:
5087:
5084:
5081:
5078:
5075:
5072:
5069:
5066:
5063:
5060:
5057:
5054:
5051:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5041:
5027:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5017:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4995:Pater Patriae
4993:
4992:
4990:
4988:
4984:
4981:
4977:
4970:
4967:
4964:
4963:Much Honoured
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4933:
4930:
4927:
4924:
4921:
4918:
4915:
4912:
4909:
4906:
4903:
4900:
4897:
4894:
4891:
4888:
4885:
4882:
4879:
4876:
4873:
4872:Royal Majesty
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4857:
4854:
4851:
4848:
4845:
4842:
4839:
4836:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4796:
4794:
4792:
4788:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4771:Nəgusä Nägäst
4769:
4768:
4766:
4762:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4746:
4741:
4737:
4730:
4725:
4723:
4718:
4716:
4711:
4710:
4707:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4688:
4682:
4679:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4658:
4655:
4654:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4636:
4633:
4632:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4608:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4526:
4523:
4522:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4500:
4496:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4468:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4415:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4368:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4354:
4350:
4340:
4336:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4274:
4273:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4242:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4230:Mandaean name
4228:
4224:
4221:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4191:Biblical name
4189:
4188:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4179:
4175:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4112:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4021:
4017:
4014:
4010:
4007:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3978:
3974:
3965:
3961:
3960:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3946:
3942:
3939:
3935:
3932:
3928:
3925:
3921:
3920:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3886:
3882:
3873:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3844:
3840:
3837:
3833:
3830:
3826:
3823:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3768:
3766:
3762:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3743:
3739:
3733:
3730:
3725:
3721:
3718:
3717:Ancient Greek
3714:
3713:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3664:
3663:North America
3660:
3656:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3603:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3574:
3570:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3454:Northern Asia
3452:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3402:
3399:
3395:
3392:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3358:
3352:
3349:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3304:Nom de guerre
3301:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3227:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3137:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2991:Personal name
2989:
2985:
2981:
2974:
2969:
2967:
2962:
2960:
2955:
2954:
2951:
2925:
2921:
2914:
2908:
2889:
2882:
2881:
2873:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2842:
2834:
2832:9781267817211
2828:
2824:
2817:
2801:
2797:
2790:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2696:
2688:
2686:0-521-63448-2
2682:
2678:
2673:
2665:
2646:
2643:. p. 5.
2642:
2635:
2629:
2621:
2614:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2585:
2578:(1): 126–142.
2577:
2573:
2572:Swahili Forum
2566:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2531:
2523:
2516:
2502:
2498:
2492:
2478:
2474:
2468:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2451:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2381:
2379:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2331:
2326:
2322:
2321:Wuvulu Island
2312:
2303:
2301:
2296:
2283:
2282:
2275:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2252:
2251:
2244:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2232:
2225:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2213:
2206:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2194:
2187:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2175:
2168:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2149:
2147:
2141:
2137:
2128:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2004:
1999:
1995:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1959:
1956:
1952:
1946:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1880:
1877:
1869:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1835:This section
1833:
1829:
1824:
1823:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1712:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1680:
1676:
1666:
1661:
1655:
1642:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1548:
1545:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1432:
1424:
1419:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1348:
1346:
1332:
1322:
1317:
1311:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1279:prevail over
1278:
1277:Professoressa
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:for men) and
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1004:
999:
995:
992:
991:
990:
988:
978:
975:
967:
957:
953:
949:
943:
942:
938:
933:This section
931:
927:
922:
921:
910:
900:
897:
887:
884:
874:
871:
867:
857:
854:
844:
843:
842:
839:
837:
833:
829:
825:
813:
803:
801:
797:
793:
782:
779:
771:
761:
757:
753:
747:
746:
742:
737:This section
735:
731:
726:
725:
717:
715:
711:
707:
702:
700:
696:
691:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
618:
615:
607:
597:
593:
589:
583:
582:
578:
573:This section
571:
567:
562:
561:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
482:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
458:Your Lordship
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
443:Your Holiness
441:
439:
438:Your Highness
436:
435:
429:
426:
421:
415:
414:Privy Council
409:
407:
402:
398:
394:
390:
387:In aviation,
385:
382:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
355:
350:
346:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
279:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
248:abbreviations
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
202:
192:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
169:
167:
163:
159:
158:morphological
155:
151:
147:
142:
131:
128:
120:
117:December 2009
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
5434:
5372:
5339:
4987:Ancient Rome
4669:Signum manus
4657:Royal cypher
4622:
4607:Nomen nescio
4605:
4601:Nomenclature
4596:Naming taboo
4408:Professional
4271:
4251:of authority
4201:Saint's name
3866:Scandinavian
3488:Muslim world
3326:
3302:
3273:
3125:Occupational
2984:anthroponymy
2931:. Retrieved
2919:
2907:
2895:. Retrieved
2879:
2872:
2860:. Retrieved
2851:
2841:
2822:
2816:
2804:. Retrieved
2789:
2777:. Retrieved
2773:the original
2768:
2742:. Retrieved
2733:
2724:
2713:. Retrieved
2704:
2695:
2676:
2664:
2652:. Retrieved
2640:
2628:
2619:
2613:
2602:. Retrieved
2594:www.zdic.net
2593:
2584:
2575:
2571:
2565:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2521:
2515:
2505:, retrieved
2503:, 2023-08-29
2500:
2491:
2480:. Retrieved
2476:
2467:
2459:
2458:
2452:for details.
2444:
2435:
2434:
2382:
2346:and certain
2337:
2328:
2309:
2299:
2293:
2280:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2230:
2211:
2192:
2173:
2159:
2155:
2145:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2099:abbreviated
2096:
2094:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2018:
2014:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1974:
1970:
1967:Binibini/Ate
1966:
1960:
1954:
1950:
1948:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1887:
1872:
1863:
1848:Please help
1836:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1787:
1760:
1754:
1750:
1739:
1735:
1727:
1718:
1708:
1704:
1682:
1663:
1640:
1636:
1630:
1626:
1620:
1616:
1606:
1600:
1596:
1589:in Iran and
1582:
1576:
1570:
1566:
1560:
1557:Eyang Puteri
1556:
1551:Eyang Kakung
1550:
1546:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1522:
1518:
1512:
1508:
1502:
1498:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1472:Indonesia's
1471:
1438:
1417:
1394:
1377:
1373:
1349:
1327:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1234:
1230:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1177:
1173:
1162:
1158:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1089:
1083:
1079:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1040:is used for
1035:
1031:
1025:
1021:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1001:
993:
985:
970:
961:
946:Please help
934:
906:
893:
880:
863:
850:
840:
821:
815:
789:
774:
765:
750:Please help
738:
720:Ancient Rome
713:
709:
703:
698:
692:
687:
683:
679:
675:
672:Baba Zekiyah
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
626:In areas of
625:
610:
601:
586:Please help
574:
468:Your Worship
463:Your Majesty
422:
410:
391:of a larger
386:
383:
351:
347:
343:
337:, such as a
303:The Reverend
280:
272:U.S. English
252:U.K. English
204:
188:
184:
170:
140:
138:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
5368:Sacred king
5276:Netherlands
5052:(HI&RH)
5043:Middle Ages
4958:Wohlgeboren
4948:Hochgeboren
4896:Monseigneur
4806:(HI&RM)
4642:Proper name
4564:Name change
4418:Educational
4396:Substantive
4335:decorations
4218:Jewish name
4213:Dharma name
4178:By religion
3843:Hongkongese
3668:Australasia
3508:Azerbaijani
3241:Regnal name
3222:Temple name
3052:Middle name
3040:By sequence
3017:Matrilineal
3013:Patrilineal
2920:sos.wyo.gov
2897:10 February
2366:which used
2086:Puerto Rico
2012:) instead.
1998:Ma'am/Madam
1939:Philippines
1921:Name Khanom
1897:Name Khanom
1751:Suffix type
1728:Prefix type
1675:Malay names
1533:Bendara Mas
1509:Bapak Cilik
1423:Saikoukeigo
1090:Suffix type
994:Prefix type
802:over time.
697:, the word
638:is spoken,
628:East Africa
375:grand duchy
179:, and as a
76:"Honorific"
5594:Honorifics
5521:Indonesian
5435:Honorifics
5168:Great king
5110:Excellency
4971:(Millourt)
4932:Excellency
4635:Identifier
4618:Onomastics
4559:Legal name
4539:Deadnaming
4435:Diplomatic
4391:Subsidiary
4386:Hereditary
4277:Diplomatic
4196:Papal name
4105:Indonesian
4071:South Asia
4067:Indosphere
4033:Macedonian
4006:Belarusian
3913:Portuguese
3755:Lithuanian
3649:Zimbabwean
3445:Vietnamese
3405:Generation
3372:East Asian
3360:By culture
3334:Stage name
3291:Hypocorism
3256:Pseudonyms
3246:Slave name
3197:Birth name
3149:Teknonymic
3130:Patronymic
3110:Matronymic
3073:Diminutive
3047:First name
3003:Given name
2998:Birth name
2744:2020-06-25
2715:2020-06-25
2654:18 October
2604:2022-10-18
2507:2024-02-19
2482:2024-02-19
2431:References
2348:socialists
2342:, such as
2325:Aua Island
2315:Wuvulu-Aua
2080:(male) or
2058:licenciado
1905:Name Rayis
1901:Name Ostad
1744:Shamim Ara
1709:Tok dalang
1658:See also:
1627:Raden Emas
1617:Raden Behi
1519:Bapak Gede
1314:See also:
1285:Dottoressa
1273:Professore
1269:Dottoressa
1208:Thiru/Tiru
1058:Thirumathi
1054:Thiruvalar
794:, such as
706:Yorubaland
630:where the
453:Your Grace
448:Your Honor
264:full stops
185:despective
87:newspapers
5259:Countries
4979:Antiquity
4647:Signature
4534:Call sign
4510:Anonymity
4445:Religious
4371:Chivalric
4292:Religious
4287:Judiciary
4272:Honorific
4255:of honour
4154:Sinhalese
4144:Pakistani
4129:Malaysian
4124:Cambodian
4028:Kashubian
4020:Ukrainian
3985:Bulgarian
3924:Praenomen
3861:Icelandic
3732:Hungarian
3533:Pakistani
3468:Mongolian
3322:Ring name
3315:Heteronym
3281:Nicknames
3202:Code name
3154:Toponymic
3144:Sobriquet
3120:Mononymic
3115:Metonymic
3057:Last name
2852:Asymptote
2734:UrduPoint
2557:149663204
2473:"GovInfo"
2460:Citations
2450:Professor
2436:Footnotes
2240:อาจารย์ (
2066:engineers
2062:attorneys
2046:caballero
2007:architect
1913:Name Agha
1893:Name Agha
1866:July 2016
1837:does not
1701:Singapore
1253:Ingegnere
1222:("Miss").
964:July 2016
935:does not
768:July 2016
739:does not
652:mama/baba
648:dada/kaka
634:language
604:July 2016
575:does not
401:etiquette
335:doctorate
331:Professor
270:) but in
189:humilific
150:conflated
141:honorific
5588:Category
5535:Japanese
5484:Filipino
5454:Canadian
5317:See also
5306:Scotland
5281:Portugal
5190:Maharaja
5158:Baghatur
5100:(HIll.H)
5092:Serenity
5074:Highness
5005:Sebastos
5000:Augustus
4928:(HIll.H)
4914:Highness
4799:Holiness
4757:nobility
4664:Khelrtva
4652:Monogram
4613:Misnomer
4591:Namesake
4525:National
4482:Name day
4440:Judicial
4430:Business
4423:Honorary
4413:Academic
4403:Military
4376:Courtesy
4361:Academic
4326:Academic
4316:Emeritus
4119:Javanese
4100:Filipino
4085:Balinese
4053:Suffixes
3990:Croatian
3953:Romanian
3938:Cognomen
3836:Canadian
3822:American
3803:Germanic
3788:Scottish
3706:Georgian
3696:Estonian
3681:Armenian
3676:Albanian
3634:Ghanaian
3591:Hawaiian
3528:Mandaean
3435:Okinawan
3420:Japanese
3391:Courtesy
3351:Username
3344:Mononyms
3310:Pen name
3296:Monarchs
3269:Art name
3212:Necronym
3192:Aptronym
3105:Eponymic
3066:By trait
2924:Archived
2888:Archived
2856:Archived
2800:Archived
2779:27 April
2738:Archived
2709:Archived
2645:Archived
2598:Archived
2399:See also
2258:however
2152:Thailand
2131:Pingelap
2090:Colombia
2054:señorita
1925:Arjomand
1747:letters.
1740:Mohtarma
1736:Mohtaram
1720:Pakistan
1715:Pakistan
1705:tok imam
1697:Malaysia
1641:Mas Behi
1621:Den Behi
1474:Javanese
1468:Javanese
1450:Kenjougo
1439:sonkeigo
1404:Sonkeigo
1378:teineigo
1360:Teineigo
1148:mohashoi
1146:(মশাই) (
1076:Gujarati
1046:Sardarni
1044:men and
796:Augustus
432:Examples
371:princely
363:Highness
323:Anglican
311:Catholic
5563:Russian
5549:Sinhala
5528:Italian
5477:English
5468:Hokkien
5461:Chinese
5447:Burmese
5271:Georgia
5219:Islamic
5019:Georgia
5010:Dominus
4878:Majesty
4791:Western
4781:Pharaoh
4753:royalty
4584:Surname
4505:Acronym
4498:Related
4477:Baptism
4111:Chinese
4095:Burmese
4090:Bengali
4043:Serbian
4013:Russian
3958:Spanish
3945:Agnomen
3908:Occitan
3903:Italian
3893:Catalan
3885:Romance
3872:Swedish
3816:English
3773:Cornish
3750:Latvian
3724:Cypriot
3701:Finnish
3614:Ashanti
3573:Oceania
3563:Turkish
3543:Persian
3538:Pashtun
3513:Bengali
3478:Tibetan
3385:Chinese
3328:Shikona
3234:Notname
3166:Patrial
3159:Surname
3136:Surname
3083:Epithet
3022:Affixes
3008:Surname
2933:6 March
2862:7 April
2806:10 June
2705:Darsaal
2524:: 1–18.
2369:Citoyen
2356:comrade
2352:pronoun
2344:Quakers
2306:Vietnam
2295:Turkish
2276::
2245::
2226::
2207::
2188::
2169::
2070:maestro
2038:Spanish
1889:Persian
1858:removed
1843:sources
1597:Mbak yu
1591:maulana
1577:I Gusti
1513:Pak lik
1431:ja:最高敬語
1281:Dottore
1265:Dottore
1261:Signora
1257:Signore
1170:Marathi
1155:Kannada
1136:Bengali
1072:Bhavatī
1024:), and
1022:Srimati
956:removed
941:sources
895:Kètàoyǔ
760:removed
745:sources
644:mukubwa
636:Swahili
596:removed
581:sources
423:Former
354:consort
299:Officer
291:Captain
287:Esquire
268:periods
243:"Mstr."
166:customs
101:scholar
5556:Slavic
5542:Korean
5505:Indian
5498:German
5491:French
5301:Canada
5291:Sweden
5286:Serbia
5266:France
5241:Sharif
5236:Hadrat
5205:Shogun
5195:Mikado
5178:Khagan
5136:Senhor
5082:(HDSH)
5070:(HGDH)
4969:Milord
4904:(HMEH)
4898:(Msgr)
4840:(HMCM)
4764:Africa
4755:, and
4674:Tughra
4579:Middle
4549:Family
4353:Titles
4339:medals
4337:, and
4331:Orders
4311:Suffix
4264:Styles
4223:Hebrew
4149:Sindhi
4134:Indian
4048:Slovak
4038:Polish
3977:Slavic
3898:French
3856:Gothic
3851:German
3765:Celtic
3742:Baltic
3691:Basque
3659:Europe
3644:Yoruba
3586:Fijian
3553:Somali
3548:Sindhi
3523:Coptic
3518:Berber
3503:Arabic
3498:Afghan
3463:Kalmyk
3430:Manchu
3425:Korean
3412:Titles
3176:Virtue
3171:Unisex
3093:Common
3088:Animal
2829:
2683:
2634:"謙稱敬稱"
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2497:"mzee"
2290:Turkey
2202:น้อง (
2097:usted,
2074:doctor
2050:señora
2010:(name)
2003:Doctor
1917:Sarkar
1811:Auntie
1789:Hazrat
1761:Sahiba
1693:Brunei
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1523:Pak de
1383:bikago
1227:Telugu
1216:Selvan
1163:-avaru
1159:-avaru
1144:Moshai
1068:Bhavān
1037:Sardar
1032:Kumari
1012:Sriman
865:Qiāncí
852:Jìngcí
823:Jìngyǔ
800:titles
710:ogbeni
556:Africa
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359:kingly
307:clergy
283:Doctor
177:person
103:
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5512:Tamil
5150:Asian
5104:Grace
5088:(HSH)
5064:(HRH)
5058:(HIH)
4922:(HSH)
4910:(HEH)
4892:(HRH)
4884:Grace
4874:(HRM)
4858:(HBM)
4852:(HOM)
4846:(HFM)
4834:(HCM)
4823:(HAM)
4817:(HIM)
4776:Nkosi
4749:popes
4624:-onym
4574:Given
4570:List
4455:Papal
4381:False
3995:Czech
3931:Nomen
3918:Roman
3811:Dutch
3793:Welsh
3778:Irish
3711:Greek
3596:Māori
3558:Tatar
3473:Sakha
3380:Amami
3098:Plant
2927:(PDF)
2916:(PDF)
2891:(PDF)
2884:(PDF)
2648:(PDF)
2637:(PDF)
2553:S2CID
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1418:keigo
1374:keigo
1352:Japan
1331:keigo
1304:Japan
1244:Italy
1220:Selvi
1204:Tamil
1125:usted
1097:Hindi
1080:maama
1050:Thiru
998:India
916:India
882:Wǎncí
806:China
714:oloye
695:Ghana
684:ndugu
660:haloo
632:Bantu
339:Ph.D.
327:Rabbi
321:, or
295:Coach
239:Misc.
173:style
162:style
108:JSTOR
94:books
5572:Thai
5200:Shah
5173:Khan
5112:(HE)
5106:(HG)
5094:(HS)
5076:(HH)
5026:Mepe
4934:(HE)
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4886:(HG)
4880:(HM)
4747:for
4247:List
4164:Thai
4074:and
3783:Manx
3666:and
3639:Igbo
3339:List
3286:list
3275:Bugō
3260:list
2982:and
2935:2023
2899:2017
2864:2019
2827:ISBN
2808:2015
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2387:and
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2323:and
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2205:RTGS
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2082:doña
2064:and
1961:The
1915:and
1841:any
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1994:Sir
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1367:丁寧語
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