1670:
669:
436:
31:
700:(2014), typically called merge-style games. Here, the player either can place tiles in a limited area, or can manipulate tiles such as sliding all tiles as far as they can move in one direction. The goal is to match two, three, or more tiles of the same type, which merges those matched tiles into a single tile with a different value that then can be matched further. For example, in
704:, players are given random blocks with numbers 2 or 4 on them, and much match two blocks of the same number as to generate new blocks with values in the multiples of 2, with the goal to try to get a block with the value 2048 (2) or higher. While the merging mechanic had been part of other video games since as early as
856:
Among downloadable casual video games, according to a survey referred to by Juul, tile-matching games were the second most popular game type in 2004 and by far the most popular in 2005. After that, their popularity declined: they were the fourth most popular of several genres in 2006 and 2007, and in
447:
Towards 2010, new trends in tile-matching games appeared. The first was driven by the popularity of mobile games. Prior to 2012, most tile-matching games had no end goal, instead challenging the player to continue as long as possible until the board reached a state where no turn was possible, or, in
168:), published in 1984 and 1985, respectively. While both are puzzle games, they differ in important design points such as time pressure, tile manipulation, and solving criteria. While there may have been earlier video games with tile-matching mechanics, Juul stated that the commercial success of both
507:
atop this. The player would take turns against a computer opponent, making matches on a common game board, with the types of tiles matched representing role-playing game elements like attacks, defense, and magic which the player used to battle their current enemy, the larger game component had the
664:
Many casual tile matching games continue to be published. Their development is characterized by gradual evolution, where new games makes only small changes, if any, to a formula known from previous games. In the highly competitive market for downloadable casual games, new entries must be familiar
860:
Despite their commercial popularity, tile-matching games are among the games with the lowest status among video game enthusiasts, to the point where reviewers have advised gamers not to be ashamed of playing them. This may be because critics consider that there are too many of these games, which
51:
where the player manipulates tiles in order to make them disappear according to a matching criterion. In many tile-matching games, that criterion is to place a given number of tiles of the same type so that they adjoin each other. That number is often three, and these games are called
464:, but applied finite restrictions on the number of moves the player could take and setting target goals such as score or clearing the board. This enabled them to create numerous levels that could be completed in a short time, making the game ideal for mobile players, and apply a
857:
2008 a games publisher referred to them as a "niche" genre. But as they became well known and therefore assumed to be immediately playable by many people, tile-matching games migrated to other, more ubiquitous distribution channels such as cell phones and smartphones.
773:
Tiles may be arranged on a horizontal surface or vertically (that is, stacked atop one another, and dropping down when tiles below are removed). In the latter case, some games allow moving or rotating new tiles as they fall down from the top of the playing area, as in
847:
The player must continuously remove the newly added tiles through matching. The game may end with a loss when the board is filled with tiles or if there are no more possible matches. It may end with a victory when the player clears the board or reaches a given score.
765:, games with levels featuring limits on the number of moves were introduced. In this, the player may be challenged to achieve a certain score, or match enough tiles of a specific color before running out of turns, or otherwise would have to complete the level again.
811:. The first method, which allows only moves that create a match, results in a more strategic, thoughtful style of play, whereas the second method requires hand-eye coordination in addition to pattern recognition skills, and makes for a more hectic style of play.
861:
differ only slightly from each other. It may also be because, as casual games, tile-matching games are designed to be easily accessible and easy to play, which conflicts with a traditional video gaming ethos that demands games to be challenging and punishing.
798:
popularized the mechanism of tile swapping, in which tiles may be moved by exchanging the position of two adjacent tiles. Another frequently used tile manipulation method is having the player shoot the tiles onto the board, such as in
745:
were timed – that is, new tiles are continuously added and the player is under pressure to make matches before the board fills up. The rate of tile addition often increased as to make for a more difficult challenge in longer games.
486:, and established a new type of tile-matching game based on creating games broken up into levels and establishing goals to reach within a limited number of moves. This "saga" approach also extended to other genres of mobile games.
665:
enough to appeal to players of earlier games, but innovative enough to differentiate the new game from earlier ones. This leads to developers, according to Juul, "simultaneously trying to out-innovate and out-clone each other".
753:
already had an untimed mode. In untimed modes, the player is able to continue to make matches until they reach an unplayable state, in which case the game is considered over. The addition of an untimed mode to
844:. In most tile-matching games, new tiles are randomly added to the board continuously, either turn by turn or in real time. This may continue indefinitely or for a given period of time or number of turns.
823:
are awarded for more difficult matches, such as those involving a greater number of similar tiles. In some tile games, when tiles are matched and removed, pieces above them fall to fill the space (as with
39:
was released in 1985 and has since been ported to many platforms. The player selects a group of matching-color blocks to make them disappear from the grid, with unsupported blocks falling downwards.
508:
player improve their character and obtain gear that improved the value of the tiles they matched or created special effects on the tile board, such as removing all tiles of a specific type.
387:(2001). Multiplayer introduced elements of race and competition as players were able to attacks opponents in various ways resulting in more difficult matchmaking for their opponent.
733:
Tile matching game mechanics have been combined with other mechanics to produce a great variety of puzzle game experiences. This section discusses a number of these mechanics.
236:
The popularity of the late 1980s puzzle games continued to bring new titles to the market, generally building on ideas introduced in these early games. Games building on
897:
468:
model to provide players temporary boosts and power-ups for more difficult levels. This approach proved highly successful and King reused it for the tile-matching game
758:
was integral to that game's success, as well as one of its most important influences on subsequent games, as it made the game more accessible to less skilled players.
1289:
1200:
59:
The core challenge of tile-matching games is the identification of patterns on a seemingly chaotic board. Their origins lie in puzzle games from the 1980s such as
1228:
940:
722:
Tile-matching games that are set in a fictional background are normally based in a "bright and positive" fiction, as opposed to the warlike background of
390:
The first of what eventually became known as "match-three" games, where the goal is to create clusters of three or more identical items on a grid, was
749:
Untimed (turn-based) games, in which new tiles are added only after the player has made a move, used to be the exception, although the 1985 game
1837:
832:). This creates the potential for additional matches and creating scoring combos, with all subsequent matches scored at higher point values.
1233:
489:
The second innovation in tile-matching games was the incorporation of their mechanic into other genres. One of the first such games was
1455:
1388:
Luciano GualĂ ; Stefano Leucci; Emanuele Natale (24 March 2014). "Bejeweled, Candy Crush and other Match-Three Games are (NP-)Hard".
491:
221:
handheld system upon its North
American and European releases in 1989. The game helped to sell the handheld system, making it a
1916:
456:, which had made similar tile-matching games for browser-based games, explored a different approach with its first mobile app,
1162:
225:, and sold over 35 million copies over the Game Boy's lifetime. As it drew in players that normally did not play video games,
921:
432:(2010) developed the idea further with 20 game modes and the goal of creating the longest possible chain of matching colors.
1181:
899:
playfield and played such that the player knows in advance all the tiles that will appear, with no random chance involved.
525:
in 2012 was another successful mobile title that used the tile-matching part of the game for combat-related actions. Both
2535:
2342:
104:
Tile-matching games cover a broad range of design elements, mechanics and gameplay experiences. They include purely
356:
2474:
2072:
1997:
1717:
1238:
1448:
1335:
300:
was the basis of a line of development of tile matching games based on shifting or swapping tiles. It includes
140:
The mechanism of matching game pieces to make them disappear is a feature of many non-digital games, including
1108:
1080:
2270:
1992:
1767:
931:
909:
149:
121:
17:
2002:
1987:
1852:
1760:
603:
404:
211:
1261:
2294:
2094:
1934:
1859:
504:
2464:
2370:
2309:
1475:
1441:
512:
was very popular and led to numerous games which uses the tile-matching as part of a battle system.
1424:
2354:
1924:
1815:
1650:
176:
established the popularity of puzzle games, leading to a second generation of influential games –
2289:
1979:
1807:
633:
120:. The tile matching mechanic is also a minor feature in some larger games. Video game researcher
2337:
2332:
2248:
2126:
1901:
1712:
1686:
1669:
1640:
1201:"At 2.5B games played a month, King.com reaps benefits from its casual Saga titles on Facebook"
876:
398:
364:
344:
318:
included multiplayer games and was released for the Neo Geo console in the same year. 1994 saw
87:
2284:
2253:
2243:
2019:
1869:
1747:
1678:
1411:
801:
727:
202:
196:
117:
200:– which were published in 1989 and 1990. Another early Mahjong-style pair matching game was
2347:
2238:
2082:
1878:
1572:
1530:
1399:
1290:"Freemium Field Test: Puzzle & Dragons is a slight, yet compelling match-three battler"
668:
314:
184:
1369:
for the "match3" and "chainpopper" mechanics as tracked by "popular portals" (footnote 52)
8:
2104:
2054:
2009:
1842:
1722:
706:
674:
585:
561:
521:
1403:
402:(2001), which became a very successful series and inspired many similar games including
2505:
2447:
2109:
2077:
1952:
1929:
1785:
1755:
1590:
1560:
1389:
597:
292:
222:
2510:
2423:
2418:
2089:
2035:
1944:
1777:
1737:
1540:
917:
807:
696:
627:
555:
537:
302:
286:
141:
48:
2500:
2411:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2171:
2166:
2121:
1962:
1727:
1628:
1567:
1507:
1464:
1139:
949:
782:; or they may allow only the manipulation of tiles that have already fallen, as in
573:
470:
465:
248:
145:
93:
2469:
2159:
2014:
1635:
1595:
1545:
1163:"BEJEWELED: The Definitive, Illustrated History Of The Most Underrated Game Ever"
1085:
645:
631:
were all released. By 2016 millions of players were logging into titles such as
410:
2231:
2114:
1820:
1704:
1616:
1611:
1502:
935:
651:
453:
367:
modes, both local and networked, featured in early tile-matching games such as
254:
1016:
954:
2529:
2258:
2099:
2040:
1891:
1832:
1623:
1582:
1525:
723:
543:
440:
383:
268:
125:
936:"Swap Adjacent Gems to Make Sets of Three: A History of Matching Tile Games"
678:, where players slide tiles to merge tiles of equal value into larger values
435:
2495:
2457:
2299:
2149:
2067:
1732:
1694:
1655:
1555:
1535:
1517:
1205:
820:
790:
591:
308:
82:
1387:
819:
In most tile-matching games, players obtain points for each match. Higher
637:. The genre continues to appeal to gamers, with numerous titles including
2406:
2380:
2203:
2176:
2154:
1957:
1906:
1550:
1485:
870:
684:
657:
639:
567:
483:
416:
230:
160:
113:
109:
67:
1134:
2452:
2428:
2375:
2263:
1967:
1886:
1494:
579:
549:
527:
350:
320:
105:
1182:"Inside Bejeweled: An Interview with Executive Producer Heather Hazen"
2226:
2144:
1847:
1825:
841:
274:
242:
190:
152:
traces the history of tile-matching video games back to early puzzle
81:. Tile-matching games were made popular in the 2000s, in the form of
1433:
206:(1986). The popularity of the puzzle genre was further boosted when
2490:
2442:
2388:
2314:
2304:
2183:
1896:
1336:"Patch Wednesday #4: Where did Threes come from? A History Example"
1294:
621:
615:
609:
377:
338:
332:
218:
207:
98:
35:
1394:
1030:
Thursday, March 28, 2013 Business Report "Tech
Chronicles" Page C2
30:
1790:
428:
422:
392:
326:
178:
91:
series of games. They have remained popular since, with the game
77:
1266:
768:
690:
348:
was released in 1995 containing a two player competitive game.
154:
61:
1366:
914:
A casual revolution: reinventing video games and their players
452:, where tiles have filled up past a given point on the board.
2435:
2276:
601:
were released for mobile devices from 2013 onwards. In 2015
354:
for handheld devices was released in 1999. Microsoft bundled
280:
129:
1229:"King Saga: The Story Behind The Maker Of Candy Crush Saga"
1135:"'Tetris' Turns 25, and It's Still an Addictive Pleasure"
1040:
710:
in 1990, the genre saw a boost following the success of
682:
A new style of tile-matching game arose from games like
258:(1996). Building on the shooting mechanic introduced in
2062:
1041:"Application Analytics for Facebook, iOS and Android"
879:
840:
Some games drop tiles at random, others according to
85:
distributed or played over the
Internet, notably the
1365:Juul (2009) p. 100; making reference to data from
891:
2527:
312:(1995), which introduced the swapping mechanic.
1106:
482:became one of the most financially successful
1449:
769:Tile arrangement, manipulation, and matching
116:elements such as time pressure, shooting or
1012:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
864:
1456:
1442:
1262:"The First Puzzle Quest Is Still The Best"
990:
988:
460:, which had puzzle-oriented gameplay like
396:(1994). It led directly to the successful
124:therefore considers tile matching to be a
1393:
1220:
953:
1198:
997:
667:
434:
29:
1372:
1350:
1318:
1309:
1287:
1160:
985:
982:The definition proposed by Juul (2007).
736:
492:Puzzle Quest: Challenge of the Warlords
14:
2528:
1226:
1179:
1132:
1081:"How Gunpei Yokoi Reinvented Nintendo"
1063:
1054:
474:in 2012, itself which was inspired by
1463:
1437:
1259:
1333:
930:
908:
1161:Edwards, Jim (September 11, 2013).
1078:
835:
495:released in 2008. While based on a
24:
1260:Fahey, Mike (September 18, 2019).
1180:Hester, Larry (October 21, 2013).
148:card games. Video game researcher
25:
2547:
1199:Takhashi, Dean (April 12, 2012).
515:While not directly influenced by
97:becoming the most-played game on
1668:
1288:Hayward, Andrew (May 18, 2015).
1107:Saltzman, Marc (June 12, 2009).
1381:
1359:
1327:
1281:
1253:
1192:
1173:
1154:
1126:
1079:Alt, Matt (November 12, 2020).
902:
851:
272:(1994), which in turn inspired
229:is considered one of the first
1334:Juul, Jesper (April 9, 2014).
1133:Kohler, Chris (June 4, 2009).
1100:
1072:
1033:
1021:
976:
805:and its descendants including
661:(2020) among the more recent.
342:released the following year.
13:
1:
1227:Rooney, Ben (June 19, 2014).
970:
726:or the fantasy background of
565:were first released in 2012.
604:Dragon Ball Z: Dokkan Battle
426:(2005). Later games such as
7:
717:
541:was released for iOS while
108:games but may also feature
10:
2552:
1666:
814:
505:computer role-playing game
499:-like tile-matching game,
135:
2536:Tile-matching video games
2483:
2399:
2363:
2325:
2219:
2212:
2137:
2053:
2028:
1978:
1943:
1915:
1877:
1868:
1806:
1776:
1746:
1703:
1677:
1604:
1581:
1516:
1493:
1484:
1476:List of video game genres
1471:
1109:"'Tetris' by the numbers"
955:10.1080/17493460601173366
892:{\displaystyle n\times n}
761:With the introduction of
672:Merge-style puzzle game,
535:arrived in 2010. In 2011
128:, rather than a distinct
27:Type of puzzle video game
1768:Digital collectible card
865:Computational complexity
741:Early puzzle games like
45:tile-matching video game
1853:Roguelike deck-building
1761:Roguelike deck-building
1028:San Francisco Chronicle
873:when generalized to an
634:Gardenscapes: New Acres
1419:Cite journal requires
893:
869:Match-three games are
679:
444:
40:
2095:Tactical role-playing
1860:Tactical role-playing
894:
728:massively multiplayer
714:on mobile platforms.
671:
438:
360:Windows Mobile 2003.
118:hand-eye coordination
33:
2475:Vertically scrolling
877:
737:Gameplay limitations
562:Puzzle & Dragons
522:Puzzle & Dragons
503:added elements of a
240:s mechanics include
212:Game Boy version of
2105:Turn-based strategy
2010:Submarine simulator
1816:Action role-playing
1723:Interactive fiction
1404:2014arXiv1403.5830G
1241:on February 7, 2017
934:(1 December 2007).
586:Marvel Puzzle Quest
345:Hebereke's Popoitto
2506:Video game modding
2448:Nonlinear gameplay
2110:Turn-based tactics
2078:Real-time strategy
994:Juul (2009) p. 100
889:
680:
598:Doctor Who: Legacy
533:Heroes of Kalevala
445:
223:killer application
41:
2523:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2511:Video game remake
2419:Emergent gameplay
2090:Real-time tactics
2049:
2048:
1988:Flight simulation
1718:Graphic adventure
1664:
1663:
1465:Video game genres
1378:Juul (2009) p. 85
1356:Juul (2009) p. 67
1324:Juul (2009) p. 94
1315:Juul (2009) p. 92
1069:Juul (2009) p. 98
1060:Juul (2009) p. 84
923:978-0-262-01337-6
628:Sailor Moon Drops
556:Gems with Friends
538:New Puzzle Bobble
458:Bubble Witch Saga
142:Mahjong solitaire
54:match-three games
49:puzzle video game
16:(Redirected from
2543:
2501:Video game clone
2217:
2216:
2213:Related concepts
2020:Vehicular combat
1875:
1874:
1748:Digital tabletop
1728:Interactive film
1688:Grand Theft Auto
1679:Action-adventure
1672:
1629:Platform fighter
1508:Platform fighter
1491:
1490:
1458:
1451:
1444:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1428:
1422:
1417:
1415:
1407:
1397:
1385:
1379:
1376:
1370:
1367:casualcharts.com
1363:
1357:
1354:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1331:
1325:
1322:
1316:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1237:. Archived from
1224:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1076:
1070:
1067:
1061:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1048:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1014:
995:
992:
983:
980:
966:
964:
962:
957:
927:
898:
896:
895:
890:
836:Victory and loss
830:Candy Crush Saga
794:introduced, and
763:Candy Crush Saga
707:Darwin's Dilemma
574:Tower of Saviors
480:Candy Crush Saga
471:Candy Crush Saga
466:microtransaction
266:also influenced
249:Baku Baku Animal
164:(later known as
94:Candy Crush Saga
21:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2526:
2525:
2524:
2515:
2479:
2470:Twitch gameplay
2395:
2359:
2321:
2208:
2160:Survival horror
2133:
2083:Time management
2045:
2024:
2015:Train simulator
1974:
1939:
1911:
1864:
1802:
1772:
1742:
1699:
1673:
1660:
1600:
1596:Survival horror
1577:
1512:
1480:
1467:
1462:
1432:
1420:
1418:
1409:
1408:
1386:
1382:
1377:
1373:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1351:
1341:
1339:
1332:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1300:
1298:
1286:
1282:
1272:
1270:
1258:
1254:
1244:
1242:
1225:
1221:
1211:
1209:
1197:
1193:
1178:
1174:
1159:
1155:
1145:
1143:
1131:
1127:
1117:
1115:
1105:
1101:
1091:
1089:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1046:
1044:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1026:
1022:
1015:
998:
993:
986:
981:
977:
973:
960:
958:
924:
905:
878:
875:
874:
867:
854:
838:
817:
771:
739:
720:
646:Dr. Mario World
411:Big Kahuna Reef
375:and later with
330:published with
138:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2549:
2539:
2538:
2521:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2465:Side-scrolling
2462:
2461:
2460:
2455:
2445:
2440:
2433:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2386:
2373:
2367:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2312:
2310:Climate change
2307:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2268:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2229:
2223:
2221:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2169:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2152:
2147:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2127:Grand strategy
2119:
2118:
2117:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2059:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1984:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1955:
1949:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1921:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1883:
1881:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1845:
1843:Monster-taming
1840:
1835:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1823:
1821:Looter shooter
1812:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1788:
1782:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1752:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1709:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1683:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1617:Hack and slash
1608:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1522:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1503:Endless runner
1499:
1497:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1461:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1438:
1431:
1430:
1421:|journal=
1380:
1371:
1358:
1349:
1326:
1317:
1308:
1280:
1252:
1219:
1191:
1172:
1153:
1125:
1099:
1071:
1062:
1053:
1032:
1020:
996:
984:
974:
972:
969:
968:
967:
948:(4): 205–216.
928:
922:
904:
901:
888:
885:
882:
866:
863:
853:
850:
837:
834:
816:
813:
784:Yoshi's Cookie
770:
767:
738:
735:
724:strategy games
719:
716:
652:Crystal Crisis
303:Yoshi's Cookie
255:Puzzle Fighter
137:
134:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2548:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2398:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2355:Single-player
2353:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2273:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2211:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2136:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2100:Tower defense
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2042:
2041:Immersive sim
2039:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1930:City-building
1928:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1867:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1833:Dungeon crawl
1831:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1798:Tile-matching
1796:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1787:
1786:Hidden object
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1756:Deck-building
1754:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1671:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1591:Battle royale
1589:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1466:
1459:
1454:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1426:
1413:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1384:
1375:
1368:
1362:
1353:
1338:. Jesper Juul
1337:
1330:
1321:
1312:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1284:
1269:
1268:
1263:
1256:
1240:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1223:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1195:
1187:
1183:
1176:
1168:
1167:Yahoo Finance
1164:
1157:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1129:
1114:
1110:
1103:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1075:
1066:
1057:
1042:
1036:
1029:
1024:
1018:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
991:
989:
979:
975:
956:
951:
947:
943:
942:
937:
933:
929:
925:
919:
916:. MIT Press.
915:
911:
907:
906:
900:
886:
883:
880:
872:
862:
858:
849:
845:
843:
833:
831:
827:
822:
812:
810:
809:
804:
803:
797:
793:
792:
787:
785:
781:
777:
766:
764:
759:
757:
752:
747:
744:
734:
731:
729:
725:
715:
713:
709:
708:
703:
699:
698:
693:
692:
687:
686:
677:
676:
670:
666:
662:
660:
659:
654:
653:
648:
647:
642:
641:
636:
635:
630:
629:
624:
623:
618:
617:
612:
611:
606:
605:
600:
599:
594:
593:
588:
587:
582:
581:
576:
575:
570:
569:
564:
563:
558:
557:
552:
551:
546:
545:
544:Bubble Safari
540:
539:
534:
530:
529:
524:
523:
518:
513:
511:
506:
502:
498:
494:
493:
487:
485:
481:
477:
473:
472:
467:
463:
462:Puzzle Bobble
459:
455:
451:
443:
442:
441:Frozen Bubble
437:
433:
431:
430:
425:
424:
419:
418:
413:
412:
407:
406:
401:
400:
395:
394:
388:
386:
385:
384:Tetris Worlds
380:
379:
374:
370:
366:
361:
359:
358:
353:
352:
347:
346:
341:
340:
335:
334:
329:
328:
323:
322:
317:
316:
311:
310:
305:
304:
299:
295:
294:
289:
288:
283:
282:
277:
276:
271:
270:
269:Puzzle Bobble
265:
261:
257:
256:
251:
250:
245:
244:
239:
234:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
215:
209:
205:
204:
199:
198:
193:
192:
187:
186:
181:
180:
175:
171:
167:
163:
162:
157:
156:
151:
147:
143:
133:
131:
127:
126:game mechanic
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
102:
100:
96:
95:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
64:
63:
57:
55:
50:
47:is a type of
46:
38:
37:
32:
19:
18:Tile-matching
2496:Toys-to-life
2436:
2429:
2381:
2326:Player modes
2290:Personalized
2275:
2264:
2232:
2138:Other genres
2068:Auto battler
2036:Falling-sand
1998:Lunar Lander
1808:Role-playing
1797:
1791:
1733:Visual novel
1695:Metroidvania
1687:
1641:
1573:Third-person
1546:Shoot 'em up
1531:First-person
1412:cite journal
1383:
1374:
1361:
1352:
1340:. Retrieved
1329:
1320:
1311:
1299:. Retrieved
1293:
1283:
1271:. Retrieved
1265:
1255:
1243:. Retrieved
1239:the original
1232:
1222:
1210:. Retrieved
1206:Venture Beat
1204:
1194:
1185:
1175:
1166:
1156:
1144:. Retrieved
1138:
1128:
1116:. Retrieved
1112:
1102:
1090:. Retrieved
1084:
1074:
1065:
1056:
1045:. Retrieved
1035:
1027:
1023:
978:
959:. Retrieved
945:
939:
932:Juul, Jesper
913:
910:Juul, Jesper
903:Bibliography
868:
859:
855:
852:Significance
846:
839:
829:
825:
818:
806:
800:
795:
791:Panel de Pon
789:
788:
783:
779:
775:
772:
762:
760:
755:
750:
748:
742:
740:
732:
721:
711:
705:
701:
695:
694:(2014), and
689:
683:
681:
673:
663:
656:
655:(2019), and
650:
644:
638:
632:
626:
620:
614:
608:
602:
596:
592:Jelly Splash
590:
584:
578:
572:
566:
560:
554:
548:
542:
536:
532:
526:
520:
517:Puzzle Quest
516:
514:
510:Puzzle Quest
509:
501:Puzzle Quest
500:
496:
490:
488:
484:mobile games
479:
475:
469:
461:
457:
449:
448:the case of
446:
439:
427:
421:
420:(2004), and
415:
409:
403:
397:
391:
389:
382:
376:
372:
368:
362:
355:
349:
343:
337:
331:
325:
319:
313:
309:Panel de Pon
307:
301:
297:
291:
290:(2003), and
285:
279:
273:
267:
263:
259:
253:
247:
241:
237:
235:
231:casual games
226:
213:
210:bundled the
201:
195:
189:
183:
177:
173:
169:
165:
159:
153:
139:
103:
92:
86:
83:casual games
76:
72:
66:
60:
58:
53:
44:
42:
34:
2412:Hypercasual
2333:Multiplayer
2249:Educational
2199:Programming
2194:Photography
2167:Incremental
1963:Kart racing
1907:Virtual pet
1738:Walking sim
1713:Escape room
1612:Beat 'em up
1551:Bullet hell
1301:January 31,
1273:January 31,
1245:October 19,
1212:October 19,
1017:Juul (2007)
751:Chain Shot!
685:Triple Town
658:Royal Match
640:Boost Beast
568:Juice Cubes
417:Jewel Quest
381:(1997) and
365:multiplayer
306:(1992) and
252:(1995) and
174:Chain Shot!
161:Chain Shot!
150:Jesper Juul
122:Jesper Juul
68:Chain Shot!
2453:Open world
2364:Production
2285:Nonviolent
1968:Sim racing
1935:Government
1870:Simulation
1561:Twin-stick
1495:Platformer
1342:August 15,
1047:2013-04-27
971:References
961:29 January
842:algorithms
756:Bejeweled!
580:Alien Hive
550:Ruby Blast
528:Push Panic
405:Zoo Keeper
357:Jawbreaker
351:Sega Swirl
321:BreakThru!
238:Dr. Mario'
132:of games.
106:turn-based
2239:Christian
2227:Advergame
2115:Artillery
1848:Roguelike
1826:Soulslike
1705:Adventure
1541:Light gun
1395:1403.5830
1234:Informilo
1146:March 29,
1113:USA Today
1092:March 29,
1043:. AppData
884:×
826:Bejeweled
796:Bejeweled
780:Dr. Mario
497:Bejeweled
476:Bejeweled
399:Bejeweled
373:Dr. Mario
275:Puzz Loop
264:Dr. Mario
243:Puyo Puyo
217:with the
191:Dr. Mario
146:Solitaire
101:in 2013.
88:Bejeweled
2530:Category
2491:Minigame
2443:Masocore
2389:Fan game
2259:Licensed
2184:Non-game
2055:Strategy
1925:Business
1624:Fighting
1583:Survival
1568:Tactical
1295:Macworld
1118:June 13,
941:Artifact
912:(2009).
802:Plotting
730:games.
718:Features
688:(2010),
643:(2017),
622:Hex Frvr
616:HuniePop
610:Ironcast
414:(2004),
408:(2003),
378:TetriNET
363:Several
339:Vid Grid
333:FlipOut!
296:(2005).
278:(1998),
260:Plotting
246:(1991),
219:Game Boy
208:Nintendo
203:Shanghai
197:Plotting
166:SameGame
99:Facebook
73:SameGame
36:SameGame
2458:Sandbox
2300:Serious
2233:BishĹŤjo
2150:Fitness
2122:Wargame
1980:Vehicle
1953:Fishing
1892:Farming
1792:Sokoban
1656:Stealth
1642:Pac-Man
1518:Shooter
1400:Bibcode
1186:Complex
871:NP-hard
815:Scoring
429:Tidalis
423:Chuzzle
393:Shariki
369:Columns
327:Gururin
315:Puzzled
298:Columns
185:Columns
179:Puzznic
136:History
112:-style
78:Puzznic
2407:Casual
2400:Design
2382:Doujin
2295:Sci-fi
2271:Sexual
2244:Comedy
2220:Themes
2204:Typing
2177:Rhythm
2155:Horror
1993:Combat
1958:Racing
1945:Sports
1902:Social
1887:Dating
1838:MMORPG
1778:Puzzle
1486:Action
1267:Kotaku
920:
821:scores
776:Tetris
743:Tetris
712:Threes
691:Threes
675:Threes
450:Tetris
227:Tetris
214:Tetris
170:Tetris
155:Tetris
114:action
110:arcade
75:) and
62:Tetris
2484:Other
2437:Kaizo
2430:Gacha
2376:Indie
2338:Co-op
2277:Eroge
2265:Otome
2254:Girls
2189:Party
2172:Music
2029:Other
2003:Space
1690:clone
1651:Snake
1644:clone
1605:Other
1526:Arena
1390:arXiv
1140:Wired
293:Luxor
281:Hexic
130:genre
2384:soft
2315:News
2145:Cozy
2073:MOBA
1879:Life
1636:Maze
1556:Rail
1536:Hero
1425:help
1344:2021
1303:2020
1275:2020
1247:2016
1214:2016
1148:2021
1120:2009
1094:2021
1086:Vice
963:2012
918:ISBN
828:and
808:Zuma
702:2048
697:2048
625:and
595:and
559:and
531:and
454:King
371:and
336:and
324:and
287:Zuma
284:and
194:and
172:and
158:and
144:and
2424:FMV
2371:AAA
2348:PVP
2343:MMO
2305:Art
1917:CMS
1897:God
950:doi
778:or
2532::
2063:4X
1416::
1414:}}
1410:{{
1398:.
1292:.
1264:.
1231:.
1203:.
1184:.
1165:.
1137:.
1111:.
1083:.
999:^
987:^
944:.
938:.
786:.
649:,
619:,
613:,
607:,
589:,
583:,
577:,
571:,
553:,
547:,
519:,
478:.
262:,
233:.
188:,
182:,
65:,
56:.
43:A
1457:e
1450:t
1443:v
1427:)
1423:(
1406:.
1402::
1392::
1346:.
1305:.
1277:.
1249:.
1216:.
1188:.
1169:.
1150:.
1122:.
1096:.
1050:.
965:.
952::
946:1
926:.
887:n
881:n
71:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.