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the same year. Its stated goal was to present a third way in the leftist ideology rejecting the dominant communist views. It billed itself as a socialist and humanist publication which attempted to explicitly define the way of
Finland in achieving a socialist system theoretically and practically. The
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came out monthly. Although it announced that it would not accept any financial support if such a support would control its editorial approach, it was partially financed by the
American national intelligence organization CIA, but it was not an official support. One of the editors-in-chief was the
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magazine also declared that it was a supporter of the independence of
Finland. It was instrumental in introducing the European-based communist views to Finland.
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113:) was a monthly leftist magazine published in Helsinki, Finland, in the period between 1961 and 1967. It was one of the magazines funded by the
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Defending
Democracy in Cold War Finland: British and American Propaganda and Cultural Diplomacy in Finland, 1944–1970
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Finnish writer Jarno
Pennanen. The magazine mostly featured materials and articles produced by the CCF figures.
376:
118:
650:
605:
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R. Neal
Tannahill (Winter 1976). "Leadership as a Determinant of Diversity in Western European Communism".
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272:. Vol. 648–658. Washington, DC: U.S. Joint Publications Research Service. 1964. p. 2-PP2.
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was started in
Helsinki in 1961. The founders of the magazine were communist figures who left the
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314:"Making Choices – Debatable Translations and Publication Policies of Finnish Cultural Magazines"
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A Cultural
History of the Avant-Garde in the Nordic Countries 1950-1975
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320:. Vol. 32. Leiden; Boston: Brill Rodopi. p. 339.
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Joseph R. Starobin (1965). "Communism in
Western Europe".
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616:Defunct political magazines published in Finland
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241:. Leiden; Boston: Brill. pp. 347–348.
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16:Political magazine in Finland (1961–1967)
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552:American Committee for Cultural Freedom
316:. In Tania Ørum; Jesper Olsson (eds.).
178:"Tilanne-lehti sai CIA: lta rahoitusta"
641:Monthly magazines published in Finland
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646:Propaganda newspapers and magazines
601:CIA activities in Russia and Europe
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596:1967 disestablishments in Finland
631:Magazines disestablished in 1967
205:Studies in Comparative Communism
636:Magazines published in Helsinki
591:1961 establishments in Finland
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626:Magazines established in 1961
611:Congress for Cultural Freedom
377:Congress for Cultural Freedom
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119:Congress for Cultural Freedom
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621:Finnish-language magazines
138:Communist Party of Finland
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326:10.1163/9789004310506_033
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547:Abstract expressionism
312:Janna Kantola (2016).
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235:Marek Fields (2019).
182:Tiella Sananvapauteen
651:Socialist magazines
606:Cold War propaganda
568:Who Paid the Piper?
557:Anti-Stalinist left
530:Transition Magazine
129:History and profile
25:
40:Political magazine
21:
578:
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396:Michael Josselson
248:978-90-04-41642-0
123:cultural Cold War
121:(CCF) during the
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410:Magazines funded
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488:Partisan Review
425:China Quarterly
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391:Pierre Emmanuel
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186:. Retrieved
184:(in Finnish)
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176:Kai Ekholm.
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117:through the
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474:Mundo Nuevo
61:Final issue
585:Categories
384:Key people
211:(4): 357.
156:References
37:Categories
467:Der Monat
439:Encounter
432:Cuadernos
293:(1): 69.
188:14 August
111:Situation
45:Frequency
502:Quadrant
217:45367151
89:Language
83:Helsinki
79:Based in
523:Tilanne
495:Preuves
460:Minerva
150:Tilanne
145:Tilanne
134:Tilanne
107:Finnish
102:Tilanne
93:Finnish
73:Finland
69:Country
53:Founded
48:Monthly
23:Tilanne
571:(1999)
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509:Quest
453:Hiwar
446:FORVM
213:JSTOR
330:ISBN
243:ISBN
190:2022
64:1967
56:1961
322:doi
295:doi
115:CIA
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