1040:
1097:
434:): "It is a proposal supported by eminent theologians approved by the Ecclesiastical Authority — and which, at the same time, is opposed by other equally eminent theologians. The degree of probability can be based either on the number and authority of theologians who support this proposition (extrinsic probability), or on the value of the arguments provided (intrinsic probability)."
420:, one of which is formally revealed by God, and the other known by reason alone and not revealed elsewhere, nor contained implicitly in the revealed premise. The truth thus deduced is called THEOLOGICAL CONCLUSION. Many formally but implicitly revealed truths are considered CERTAIN until they are solemnly defined."
190:
properly so-called. By these are understood religious truths, which are derived from two premisses, of which one is an immediately revealed truth, and the other a truth of natural reason. Since one premiss is a truth of
Revelation, theological conclusions are spoken of as being mediately or virtually
214:. The fact that a defined text does or does not agree with the doctrine of the Catholic Faith is also, in a narrower sense, a 'dogmatic fact.' In deciding the meaning of a text the Church does not pronounce judgment on the subjective intention of the author, but on the objective sense of the text (
221:
3. Truths of Reason, which have not been revealed, but which are intrinsically associated with a revealed truth, e.g., those philosophic truths which are presuppositions of the acts of Faith (knowledge of the supersensual, possibility of proofs of God, the spirituality of the soul, the freedom of
330:
Theological opinions of lesser grades of certainty are called probable, more probable, well-founded (sententia probabilis, probabilior, bene fundata). Those which are regarded as being in agreement with the consciousness of Faith of the Church are called pious opinions (sententia pia). The least
89:
have a special responsibility and thus are especially qualified to give theological notes though their authority is not one of jurisdiction. Their notes have the weight of 'professional' opinions and have often influenced the
170:
so that their denial would undermine the revealed truths . These are proposed for belief in virtue of the infallibility of the Church in teaching doctrines of faith or morals (fides ecclesiastica)." They are called
215:
487:
states that "many of the assertions hitherto listed by theologians with a surfeit of restraint as merely, say, 'sententia communis' might, upon closer investigation in light of the criteria set out in
269:), refers to theological conclusions; those are teachings without definitive approval by the Catholic Church, but " truth is guaranteed by intrinsic connection with the doctrine of revelation."
202:(facta dogmatica). By these are understood historical facts, which are not revealed, but which are intrinsically connected with revealed truth, for example, the legality of a Pope or of a
191:(virtualiter) revealed. If however both premisses are immediately revealed truths, then the conclusion also must be regarded as being immediately revealed and as the object of Immediate
230:, etc.). The Church has the right and the duty, for the protection of the heritage of Faith, of proscribing philosophic teachings which directly or indirectly endanger dogma. The
127:(fides divina), and if the Church, through its teaching, vouches for the fact that a truth is contained in Revelation, one's certainty is then also based on the authority of the
475:), when Catholic theologians responsive to the Church's authority agree on some position, to tolerated opinions that are weakly founded but are tolerated by the Church.
378: – that is with the intention of defining – assuming all the required conditions are met. — Or if a truth is presented as such by the ordinary and universal
463:). A doctrine that theologians generally regard as a truth of revelation, but that has not been finally promulgated by the Church, is said to be proximate to faith (
249:("teaching proximate to faith") refers to teachings, which are generally accepted as divine revelation by Catholic theologians but not defined as such by the
427:): "It is a truth taught by almost all theologians and opposed by only a few of mediocre authority, but which is nevertheless not disavowed by the Church."
331:
degree of certainty is possessed by the tolerated opinion (opinio tolerata), which is only weakly founded, but which is tolerated by the Church.
1081:
166:
Catholic truths are "doctrines and truths defined by the Church not as immediately revealed but as intrinsically connected with the truths of
1138:
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951:
886:
814:
772:
730:
688:
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593:
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467:), and if such a truth is guaranteed as the logical conclusion from a revealed doctrine, it is called theologically certain (
916:
une Equipe de Théologiens
Catholiques (1969). "Notes théologiques". In Panneton, Georges; Charlemagne, Bourgeois (eds.).
30:
While theological notes qualify positively beliefs and doctrines, said beliefs and doctrines are qualified negatively by
1074:
451:
The highest degree of certitude is attached to immediately revealed truths. They are to be believed with divine faith (
459:). If the Church defines a doctrine that is not immediately revealed, it is to be believed with ecclesiastical faith (
316:
283:("common teaching") refers to beliefs which are generally accepted by theologians, but not dogmatically asserted.
74:
1167:
1131:
643:
610:
581:
207:
70:
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175:(veritates catholicae) or Ecclesiastical Teachings (doctrinae ecclesiasticae) to distinguish them from the
160:
155:, but not (yet) as being divine revelations properly speaking. Ludwig Ott calls the beliefs of this level
128:
78:
151:
Catholic truths refers to
Catholic beliefs which are church teachings, definitively decided on by the
1124:
902:
830:
788:
746:
704:
310:
302:
234:
declares: Ius etiam et offidum divinitus habet falsi nominis scientiam proscribendi (D 1798).
877:(n.d.) . "INTRODUCTION — §8. The Theological Grades of Certainty". In Bastible, James (ed.).
805:(n.d.) . "INTRODUCTION — §8. The Theological Grades of Certainty". In Bastible, James (ed.).
767:. Translated by Lynch, Patrick. Fort Collins, Colorado: Roman Catholic Books. pp. 9–10.
763:(n.d.) . "INTRODUCTION — §8. The Theological Grades of Certainty". In Bastible, James (ed.).
679:(n.d.) . "INTRODUCTION — §8. The Theological Grades of Certainty". In Bastible, James (ed.).
520:
231:
120:
hold the "highest degree of certainty". "The belief due to them is based on the authority of
725:. Translated by Lynch, Patrick. Fort Collins, Colorado: Roman Catholic Books. pp. 8–9.
1112:
1055:
131:(fides catholica). If Truths are defined by a solemn judgment of faith (definition) of the
66:
31:
881:. Translated by Lynch, Patrick. Fort Collins, Colorado: Roman Catholic Books. p. 10.
809:. Translated by Lynch, Patrick. Fort Collins, Colorado: Roman Catholic Books. p. 10.
8:
683:. Translated by Lynch, Patrick. Fort Collins, Colorado: Roman Catholic Books. p. 9.
515:
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or Divine
Doctrines of Revelation (veritates vel doctrinae divinae)." Ott continues:
86:
24:
1008:
37:
The theological notes' "enumeration, division and evaluation" vary between authors.
996:
947:
489:
484:
363:
223:
1047:
471:). Below this level are many grades of certainty, ranging from common teaching (
222:
will), or philosophic concepts, in terms of which dogma is promulgated (person,
1108:
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455:) and if they are also defined by the Church, then with defined divine faith (
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certitude, after all, as either primary or, as I think the liceity of the
721:(n.d.) . "INTRODUCTION — §6. Catholic Truths". In Bastible, James (ed.).
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On the Value of
Theological Notes and the Criteria for Discerning Them
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159:, and states that beliefs of this level "are as infallibly certain as
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383:
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211:
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De valore notarum theologicarum et de criteriis ad eas dignoscendas
417:
192:
928:. Trois-Rivières: Les Éditions du Bien Public. pp. 18–19.
559:. Internet Archive. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday. p. 537.
298:
62:
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397:, but has not been solemnly defined by the Church. E.g.: the
1096:
132:
50:
982:"The Theological Notes and the Interpretation of Doctrine"
924:] (in French). 21 July 1969 recommendation letter by
321:
648:
Encyclopedia of
Theology: The Concise Sacramentum Mundi
619:
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586:
Encyclopedia of
Theology: The Concise Sacramentum Mundi
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designate a classification of certainty of beliefs in
187:
393:): when a religious truth "is for sure contained in
85:
is charged with the safeguarding of the true faith.
49:(and exclusively so for infallible matters) are the
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501:qualifies, as secondary objects of infallibility."
335:
256:
188:Theological Conclusions (conclusiones theologicae)
1149:
952:"Sententia communis? Just 'sententia communis'?"
354:): when a religious truth "has been revealed by
553:Hardon, John A. (1980). "THEOLOGICAL NOTES.".
107:
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366:and has been solemnly defined as such by the
129:Infallible Teaching Authority of the Church
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346:proposes the following theological notes:
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403:revealed privately by God to a person
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261:A teaching pertaining to the faith (
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980:Ernst, Harold (December 1, 2002).
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45:"he supreme organs for notes and
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183:To these Catholic truths belong:
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337:Sommaire de théologie dogmatique
257:Teaching pertaining to the faith
940:
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858:
852:
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650:. Seabury Press. p. 1682.
621:. Seabury Press. p. 1681.
588:. Seabury Press. p. 1678.
1158:Catholic theology and doctrine
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861:Fundamentals of Catholic Dogma
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807:Fundamentals of Catholic Dogma
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609:Finisterhölzl, Johann (1975).
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1173:Latin words and phrases stubs
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401:. The same applies to truths
315:• Dead people cannot receive
265:), or theologically certain (
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1111:. You can help Knowledge by
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511:Dogma in the Catholic Church
408:Catholic doctrine, certain (
405:, but for that person only."
399:birth of Christ in Bethlehem
263:sententia ad fidem pertinens
139:, they are 'de fide definita
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290:beliefs which are cited by
206:, or the fact of the Roman
118:immediately revealed truths
108:Immediately revealed truths
10:
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1001:10.1177/004056390206300407
556:Modern Catholic Dictionary
195:(Fides Immediate Divina).
646:. In Rahner, Karl (ed.).
584:. In Rahner, Karl (ed.).
430:Probable, more probable (
380:Magisterium of the Church
1103:This article related to
1107:words and phrases is a
412:): "When it is a truth
247:sententia fidei proxima
240:Sententia fidei proxima
98:Various classifications
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69:) and the individual
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376:EX CATHEDRA
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495:infallible
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410:Certum est
317:sacraments
292:Ludwig Ott
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73:and major
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