Six-Day War - Knowledge

5664:, p. 183: "It is clear that King Hussein joined forces with Egypt in the knowledge that there was no possibility of overrunning Israel. Instead, he sought to preserve the status quo. He believed that he could not stand aside at a time when Arab co-operation and solidarity were vital and he was convinced that any Arab confrontation with Israel would be greatly enhanced if the Arabs fought as a unified body. The plan of action devised at his meeting with Nasser in Cairo on 30 May was established on this basis. It was envisaged that Jordan would not take an offensive role but would tie down a proportion of Israel's forces and so prevent it from using its full weight against Egypt and Syria. By forcing Israel to fight a war on three fronts simultaneously King Hussein believed that the Arabs stood a chance of preventing it from making any territorial gains while allowing the Arabs a chance of gaining a political victory, which may, eventually, lead to peace. King Hussein was also convinced that even if Jordan did not participate in the war Israel would take the opportunity to seize the West Bank once it had dealt with Syria and Egypt. He decided that for this reason, the wisest course of action was to bring Jordan into the total Arab effort. This would provide his army with two elements that were essential for its efficient operation – additional troops and air cover. When King Hussein met Nasser in Cairo it was agreed that these requirements would be met." 7581:, p. 140: "Shortly after the order for the withdrawal had been issued , the Jordanians were informed that the UN Security Council was meeting to consider a resolution for an unconditional ceasefire. On learning of this the Jordanian command decided that the order for withdrawal had been premature, since if a ceasefire went into effect that day they would still be in possession of the West Bank. Consequently, the order was countermanded and those forces which had already withdrawn were asked to return to their original positions... The Security Council ceasefire resolution was passed unanimously at 11.00 p.m. on 6 June. However, Jordan's hope that this would enable it to hold the West Bank was destroyed when Israel continued its offensive. On learning of this Riad once again ordered a complete withdrawal from the West Bank as he feared that failure to do so would result in the annihilation of the remains of the Jordanian Army. By nightfall on 7 June most elements of the army had withdrawn to the East Bank and by mid-day on 8 June Jordan was once again the Transjordan of King Abdullah, while Israel completed total occupation of historical Palestine." 3253: 3171: 4760:

prone to wishful thinking... Amer's cable to Riad was a pack of lies... On the basis of these alleged successes, Amer ordered Riad to open a new front against the enemy and launch offensive operations. By the time Hussein arrived at the headquarters, Riad had already given the orders for the artillery to move to the front lines and bombard Israeli airbases and other targets; an infantry brigade to occupy the Israeli enclave on Mount Scopus in Jerusalem; the two Egyptian commando battalions to infiltrate enemy territory from the West Bank at dusk; and the air force to be put on combat alert and commence airstrikes immediately. Although these decisions were made in his absence, Hussein made no attempt to cancel them or to delay the opening of fire until the information from Cairo could be checked. Jordan was thus committed to war by the decision of an Egyptian general who was acting on the orders of a serial blunderer in Cairo."

7937:, pp. 105–106: "the prominent historian and commentator Abd al-Azim Ramadan, In a series of articles published in AlWafd, subsequently compiled in a hook published in 2000, Ramadan criticized the Nasser cult, .... The events leading up to the nationalization of the Suez Canal Company, as other events during Nasser's rule, Ramadan wrote, showed Nasser to be far from a rational, responsible leader. ... His decision to nationalize the Suez Canal was his alone, made without political or military consultation. ... The source of all this evil. Ramadan noted, was Nasser's inclination to solitary decision making... the revolutionary regime led by the same individual—Nasser—repeated its mistakes when it decided to expel the international peacekeeping force from the Sinai Peninsula and close the Straits of Tiran in 1967. Both decisions led to a state of war with Israel, despite the lack of military preparedness." 7101:'s government did everything in its power to confine the confrontation to the Egyptian front. Eshkol and his colleagues took into account the possibility of some fighting on the Syrian front. But they wanted to avoid having a clash with Jordan and the inevitable complications of having to deal with the predominantly Palestinian population of the West Bank. The fighting on the eastern front was initiated by Jordan, not by Israel. King Hussein got carried along by a powerful current of Arab nationalism. On 30 May he flew to Cairo and signed a defense pact with Nasser. On 5 June, Jordan started shelling the Israeli side in Jerusalem. This could have been interpreted either as a salvo to uphold Jordanian honour or as a declaration of war. Eshkol decided to give King Hussein the benefit of the doubt. Through General 3509: 2500: 6128: 437: 426: 415: 404: 391: 174: 3381: 2152:. Already by late afternoon, elements of the 79th Armored Battalion had charged through the 11-kilometre (7 mi)-long Jiradi defile, a narrow pass defended by well-emplaced troops of the Egyptian 112th Infantry Brigade. In fierce fighting, which saw the pass change hands several times, the Israelis charged through the position. The Egyptians suffered heavy casualties and tank losses, while Israeli losses stood at 66 dead, 93 wounded and 28 tanks. Emerging at the western end, Israeli forces advanced to the outskirts of Arish. As it reached the outskirts of Arish, Tal's division also consolidated its hold on Rafah and Khan Yunis. 2543:

equipment, and hundreds of vehicles. Many Egyptian soldiers were cut off from their units had to walk about 200 kilometres (120 mi) on foot before reaching the Suez Canal with limited supplies of food and water and were exposed to intense heat. Thousands of soldiers died as a result. Many Egyptian soldiers chose instead to surrender to the Israelis. However, the Israelis eventually exceeded their capabilities to provide for prisoners. As a result, they began directing soldiers towards the Suez Canal and only imprisoned high-ranking officers, who were expected to be exchanged for captured Israeli pilots.

7608:, pp. 92–93: "Except for some sporadic Syrian shelling of Israeli settlements along the border, Syria stayed pretty much out of the war for the first four days... the Syrians were confused by what they slowly learned was the scale of the destruction on the Egyptian front. They were astounded. They did not understand what was going on, nor did they have the military experience and capability, especially in the officer corps, to react to the new situation. With no air support, how could they move forward against Israel? They reasoned that if they sat tight, they could emerge from this with little damage." 2478: 1990: 3323: 1998: 3476:, and another two (infantry and one of Peled's brigades summoned from Jenin) in the centre. The Golan Heights' unique terrain (mountainous slopes crossed by parallel streams every several kilometres running east to west), and the general lack of roads in the area channelled both forces along east–west axes of movement and restricted the ability of units to support those on either flank. Thus the Syrians could move north–south on the plateau itself, and the Israelis could move north–south at the base of the Golan escarpment. An advantage Israel possessed was the intelligence collected by 3098: 2944: 2893: 472: 461: 449: 188: 3966: 519: 215: 2648: 4508: 4386: 8361: 3524:, using rockets salvaged from captured Egyptian stocks. The airstrikes knocked out artillery batteries and storehouses and forced transport columns off the roads. The Syrians suffered heavy casualties and a drop in morale, with a number of senior officers and troops deserting. The attacks also provided time as Israeli forces cleared paths through Syrian minefields. However, the airstrikes did not seriously damage the Syrians' bunkers and trench systems, and the bulk of Syrian forces on the Golan remained in their positions. 9371:

Some, like George Habash of the PFLP spoke of turning the Occupied Territories into an "inferno whose fires consume the usurpers" (Hirst, 1984, 282). While this did not happen, by 1969 the activities of Habash and others were in the international spotlight as a consequence of cross-border raids and airplane hijackings. No incident was more spectacular than the hostage taking by the Black September group that led to the deaths of eleven Israeli athletes and five Palestinian commandos during the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich.

8286: 2925:, commander of the UN observers, compelled the Israelis to hold their fire, telling them that the Jordanians had already fled. The Israelis proceeded to take the Antenna Hill, directly behind Government House, and clear out a series of bunkers to the west and south. The fighting often conducted hand-to-hand, continued for nearly four hours before the surviving Jordanians fell back to trenches held by the Hittin Brigade, which were steadily overwhelmed. By 6:30 am, the Jordanians had retreated to 1848: 1072: 3202:

the east. One battalion attacked from Mount Scopus, and another attacked from the valley between it and the Old City. Another paratroop battalion, personally led by Gur, broke into the Old City and was joined by the other two battalions after their missions were complete. The paratroopers met little resistance. The fighting was conducted solely by the paratroopers; the Israelis did not use armour during the battle out of fear of severe damage to the Old City.

17947: 7620:, p. 182: "When it came to war, Syria stood aside despite its defence pact with Egypt, while Israel overran Gaza, Sinai and the West Bank. Throughout the critical days between 5 and 8 June 1967, the Egyptian political and military leadership begged Syria to fulfil its commitments and to support Jordan's efforts, but it refused to respond even though Jordan had entered the war in the belief that it would be supported by Syria and Egypt." 3933: 3577: 6031:, p. 93: "Although Eshkol denounced the Egyptians, his response to this development was a model of moderation. His speech on 21 May demanded that Nasser withdraw his forces from Sinai but made no mention of the removal of UNEF from the Straits nor of what Israel would do if they were closed to Israeli shipping. The next day Nasser announced to an astonished world that henceforth the Straits were, indeed, closed to all Israeli ships" 231: 2425: 7925:, pp. 110–111: "The most outstanding exponent of the Nasserist narrative was Muhammad Hasanayn Haykal, who also embodied the revolutionary heritage personally as Nasser's closest aid and the editor in chief of the state-sponsored dailies Al-Akhbar and Al-Ahram.... Haykal acknowledged that Nasser had erred in various fields, noting that he had admitted, for example, his responsibility for the military defeat in the June 1967 War." 1385:. By 17 June, the Saudi contingent in Jordan had grown to include a single infantry brigade, a tank company, two artillery batteries, a heavy mortar company, and a maintenance and support unit. By the end of July 1967, a second tank company and a third artillery battery had been added. These forces remained in Jordan until the end of 1977, when they were recalled for re-equipment and retraining in the Karak region near the Dead Sea. 507: 496: 484: 377: 366: 355: 344: 333: 322: 310: 298: 287: 276: 265: 253: 202: 158: 2271: 2141: 59: 2128:, 13 kilometres (8 mi) to the southwest, which was defended by two brigades. Though inferior in numbers and equipment, the Egyptians were deeply entrenched and camouflaged. The Israelis were pinned down by fierce Egyptian resistance and called in air and artillery support to enable their lead elements to advance. Many Egyptians abandoned their positions after their commander and several of his staff were killed. 2294:

failed to reach their objective, being subjected to heavy air attacks and encountering Israeli lodgements on the roads. Egyptian commanders then called in artillery attacks on their own positions. The Israelis accomplished and sometimes exceeded their overall plan, and had largely succeeded by the following day. The Egyptians suffered about 2000 casualties, while the Israelis lost 42 dead and 140 wounded.

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and firing at extremely short ranges. Mandler recalled that "the Syrians fought well and bloodied us. We beat them only by crushing them under our treads and by blasting them with our cannons at very short range, from 100 to 500 meters." The first three Israeli tanks to enter Qala were stopped by a Syrian bazooka team, and a relief column of seven Syrian tanks arrived to repel the attackers.

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resulting in an inexperienced officer corps as well as a deep distrust between the rank and file and officers in the army. In addition, there were uprisings by discontented elements of the Syrian population, less than satisfactory encounters with Israeli forces, and lukewarm Soviet support... One would be hard-pressed to find a military less prepared for war with a clearly superior foe."

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overcame our enemies everywhere, despite the latter's superior numbers and fortifications—all these revealed not only coolness and courage in the battle but ... an understanding that only their personal stand against the greatest dangers would achieve victory for their country and for their families, and that if victory was not theirs the alternative was annihilation.

2486: 3676: 2168:'s assignment was to penetrate Sinai south of Tal's forces and north of Sharon's. Yoffe's attack allowed Tal to complete the capture of the Jiradi defile, Khan Yunis. All of them were taken after fierce fighting. Gonen subsequently dispatched a force of tanks, infantry and engineers under Colonel Yisrael Granit to continue down the Mediterranean coast towards the 4491:" formula, which called for Israeli withdrawal "from territories occupied" in 1967 and "the termination of all claims or states of belligerency". Resolution 242 recognized the right of "every state in the area to live in peace within secure and recognized boundaries free from threats or acts of force." Israel returned the Sinai to Egypt in 1978, after the 3749:, Nasser had admitted his responsibility for the military defeat in June 1967. According to historian Abd al-Azim Ramadan, Nasser's mistaken decisions to expel the international peacekeeping force from the Sinai Peninsula and close the Straits of Tiran in 1967 led to a state of war with Israel, despite Egypt's lack of military preparedness. 3910:. Israel apologized for the mistake and paid compensation to the victims or their families, and to the United States for damage to the ship. After an investigation, the U.S. accepted the explanation that the incident was friendly fire and the issue was closed by the exchange of diplomatic notes in 1987. Others however, including the then 1981:

the conflict proved that the numbers were most likely authentic. Throughout the war, Israeli aircraft continued strafing Arab airfield runways to prevent their return to usability. Meanwhile, Egyptian state-run radio had reported an Egyptian victory, falsely claiming that 70 Israeli planes had been downed on the first day of fighting.

3756:, Egypt reviewed the causes of its loss of the 1967 war. Issues that were identified included "the individualistic bureaucratic leadership"; "promotions on the basis of loyalty, not expertise, and the army's fear of telling Nasser the truth"; lack of intelligence; and better Israeli weapons, command, organization, and will to fight. 992:. Jordan, which had entered into a defense pact with Egypt just a week before the war began, did not take on an all-out offensive role against Israel. However, the Jordanians did launch attacks against Israeli forces to slow Israel's advance. On the fifth day, Syria joined the war by shelling Israeli positions in the north. 6112: 11707: 2607:

el-Sheikh. There, the Israelis engaged in a pitched battle with the Egyptians and took the city, killing 20 Egyptian soldiers and taking eight more prisoners. At 12:15 pm, Defense Minister Dayan announced that the Straits of Tiran constituted an international waterway open to all ships without restriction.

2372:, Bir Lahfan, and Arish, taking all of them before midnight. Two Egyptian armoured brigades counterattacked, and a fierce battle took place until the following morning. The Egyptians were beaten back by fierce resistance coupled with airstrikes, sustaining heavy tank losses. They fled west towards Jabal Libni. 3713:. About one million Arabs were placed under Israel's direct control in the newly captured territories. Israel's strategic depth grew to at least 300 kilometres in the south, 60 kilometres in the east, and 20 kilometres of extremely rugged terrain in the north, a security asset that would prove useful in the 4233:, who had by that time been forcibly assimilated. Many Soviet Jews subsequently applied for exit visas and began protesting for their right to immigrate to Israel. Following diplomatic pressure from the West, the Soviet government began granting exit visas to Jews in growing numbers. From 1970 to 1988, 4205:, the war enabled American Jews to "walk with their backs straight and flex their political muscle as never before. American Jewish organizations which had previously kept Israel at arms length suddenly proclaimed their Zionism." Thousands of Jewish immigrants arrived from Western countries such as the 4225:

after the war. Many of them returned to their countries of origin after a few years; one survey found that 58% of American Jews who immigrated to Israel between 1961 and 1972 returned to the United States. Nevertheless, immigration to Israel of Jews from Western countries, which was previously only a

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Following the war, Israel experienced a wave of national euphoria, and the press praised the military's performance for weeks afterwards. New "victory coins" were minted to celebrate. In addition, the world's interest in Israel grew, and the country's economy, which had been in crisis before the war,

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on the plateau, but that fell mainly on empty territory as the Syrian forces retreated. At 8:30 am, the Syrians began blowing up their own bunkers, burning documents and retreating. Several units joined by Elad Peled's troops climbed to the Golan from the south, only to find the positions mostly

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Throughout the night, the Israelis continued their advance, though it was slowed by fierce resistance. An anticipated Syrian counterattack never materialized. At the fortified village of Jalabina, a garrison of Syrian reservists, levelling their anti-aircraft guns, held off the Israeli 65th Paratroop

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As opposed to all the other campaigns, IAF was only partially effective in the Golan because the fixed fortifications were so effective. However, the Syrian forces proved unable to put up effective defence largely because the officers were poor leaders and treated their soldiers badly; often officers

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Jordanian infantry and their three remaining tanks managed to hold off the Israelis until 4:00 am, when three battalions arrived to reinforce them in the afternoon. The Jordanian tanks charged and knocked out multiple Israeli vehicles, and the tide began to shift. After sunrise, Israeli jets and

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attacked Jordan's two airbases. The Hawker Hunters were refuelling at the time of the attack. The Israeli aircraft attacked in two waves, the first of which cratered the runways and knocked out the control towers, and the second wave destroyed all 21 of Jordan's Hawker Hunter fighters, along with six

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recounted that "Al-Arish was totally quiet, desolate. Suddenly, the city turned into a madhouse. Shots came at us from every alley, every corner, every window and house." An IDF record stated that "clearing the city was hard fighting. The Egyptians fired from the rooftops, from balconies and windows.

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The large numbers of Arab aircraft claimed destroyed by Israel on that day were at first regarded as "greatly exaggerated" by the Western press. However, the fact that the Egyptian Air Force, along with other Arab air forces attacked by Israel, made practically no appearance for the remaining days of

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wrote that "One would be hard-pressed to find a military less prepared for war with a clearly superior foe" since Syria's army had been decimated in the months and years prior through coups and attempted coups that had resulted in a series of purges, fracturings and uprisings within the armed forces.

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The Egyptians had constructed fortified defences in the Sinai. These designs were based on the assumption that an attack would come along the few roads leading through the desert, rather than through the difficult desert terrain. The Israelis chose not to risk attacking the Egyptian defences head-on,

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regime viewed its actions against Israel as low-level warfare that was not meant to lead to an all-out war. The months and years prior to the 1967 Arab-Israeli war were filled with military purges associated with actual and attempted coups that decimated and further fractured the military and party,

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Interference, by armed force, with ships of Israeli flag exercising free and innocent passage in the Gulf of Aqaba and through the Straits of Tiran will be regarded by Israel as an attack entitling it to exercise its inherent right of self-defence under Article 51 of the Charter and to take all such

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The Jordanian leadership's appraisal of the repercussions of the Samu' raid was a major factor in King Husayn's decision to join Nasir's war chariot by signing a joint defense pact with Egypt on May 30, 1967. This was the determining factor for Jordan's participation in the war that would soon break

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which required making arrangements for Israeli Jewish access to the Western Wall. Jewish holy sites were not maintained, and Jewish cemeteries had been desecrated. After the annexation to Israel, each religious group was granted administration over its holy sites. For the first time since 1948, Jews

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people, went into exile. ... They simply walked to the Jordan River crossings and made their way on foot to the East Bank. It is unclear how many were intimidated or forced out by the Israeli troops and how many left voluntarily, in panic and fear. There is some evidence of IDF soldiers going around

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It has been alleged that Nasser did not want Egypt to learn of the true extent of his defeat and so ordered the killing of Egyptian army stragglers making their way back to the Suez canal zone. There have also been allegations from both Israeli and Egyptian sources that Israeli troops killed unarmed

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Our airmen, who struck the enemies' planes so accurately that no one in the world understands how it was done and people seek technological explanations or secret weapons; our armoured troops who beat the enemy even when their equipment was inferior to his; our soldiers in all other branches ... who

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Meanwhile, the 8th Brigade's tanks moved south from Qala, advancing six miles to Wasit under heavy artillery and tank bombardment. At the Banias in the north, Syrian mortar batteries opened fire on advancing Israeli forces only after Golani Brigade sappers cleared a path through a minefield, killing

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showed some Syrian defences in the Golan region collapsing, and an intercepted cable revealed that Nasser was urging the President of Syria to immediately accept a ceasefire. At 3 AM on 9 June, Syria announced its acceptance of the ceasefire. Despite this announcement, Dayan became more enthusiastic

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in trenches and bunkers and was often hand-to-hand. The Israelis captured the position after four hours of heavy fighting. During the battle, 36 Israeli and 71 Jordanian soldiers were killed. Even after the fighting on Ammunition Hill had ended, Israeli soldiers were forced to remain in the trenches

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Yoffe's attack allowed Sharon to complete the capture of the Um-Katef, after fierce fighting. The main thrust at Um-Katef was stalled due to mines and craters. After IDF engineers had cleared a path by 4:00 pm, Israeli and Egyptian tanks engaged in fierce combat, often at ranges as close as ten

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The 1967 war marked a sharp rise in Palestinians' self-consciousness, convincing many that if their homeland was to be liberated, then it was they who must do it. Outgunned and outmanned by the Israeli military, their fighters resorted to guerilla tactics from staging grounds in Jordan and Lebanon.

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On the initial Jordanian attack, Shlaim writes: "The cable was from First Vice-President and Deputy Supreme Commander Field Marshal Abd al-Hakim Amer. Amer was a nincompoop who largely owed his rapid promotion to his friendship with Nasser... He was inexperienced in military affairs, impulsive, and

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in these areas to secure a permanent foothold. There are now hundreds of thousands of Israeli settlers in the West Bank. They are a matter of controversy within Israel, both among the general population and within different political administrations, supporting them to varying degrees. Palestinians

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On June 19, 1967, the National Unity Government voted unanimously to return the Sinai to Egypt and the Golan Heights to Syria in return for peace agreements. The Golans would have to be demilitarized and special arrangement would be negotiated for the Straits of Tiran. The government also resolved

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By the evening of 9 June, the four Israeli brigades had all broken through to the plateau, where they could be reinforced and replaced. Thousands of reinforcements began reaching the front, those tanks and half-tracks that had survived the previous day's fighting were refuelled and replenished with

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On the northern flank, the Israelis broke through within minutes and cleared out the trenches and bunkers. During the seven-hour battle, the Israelis lost 31 dead and 82 wounded, while the Syrians lost 62 dead and 20 captured. Among the dead was the Israeli battalion commander. The Golani Brigade's

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Part of the attacking force lost its way and emerged opposite Za'ura, a redoubt manned by Syrian reservists. With the situation critical, Colonel Mandler ordered simultaneous assaults on Za'ura and Qala. Heavy and confused fighting followed, with Israeli and Syrian tanks struggling around obstacles

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sappers and eight bulldozers, which cleared away barbed wire and mines. As they advanced, the force came under fire, and five bulldozers were immediately hit. The Israeli tanks, with their manoeuvrability sharply reduced by the terrain, advanced slowly under fire toward the fortified village of Sir

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sappers blew up the Abdullah and Hussein bridges with captured Jordanian mortar shells, while elements of the Harel Brigade crossed the river and occupied positions along the east bank to cover them, but quickly pulled back due to American pressure. The Jordanians, anticipating an Israeli offensive

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Just after dusk, Israeli reinforcements arrived. The Jordanians continued to fiercely resist, and the Israelis were unable to advance without artillery and air support. One Israeli jet attacked the Jordanian commander's tank, wounding him and killing his radio operator and intelligence officer. The

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On 7 June, Dayan ordered his troops not to enter the Old City but, upon hearing that the UN was about to declare a ceasefire, he changed his mind, and without cabinet clearance, decided to capture it. Two paratroop battalions attacked Augusta-Victoria Hill, high ground overlooking the Old City from

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The situation on the West Bank is rapidly deteriorating. A concentrated attack has been launched on all axes, together with heavy fire, day and night. Jordanian, Syrian and Iraqi air forces in position H3 have been virtually destroyed. Upon consultation with King Hussein I have been asked to convey

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of the West Bank on that day, issuing a military order, the "Proclamation Regarding Law and Administration (The West Bank Area) (No. 2)—1967", which established the military government in the West Bank and granted the commander of the area full legislative, executive, and judicial power. Jordan had

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Intermittent machine-gun exchanges began taking place in Jerusalem at 9:30 am, and the fighting gradually escalated as the Jordanians introduced mortar and recoilless rifle fire. Under the orders from General Narkis, the Israelis responded only with small-arms fire, firing in a flat trajectory

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As Sharon's division advanced into the Sinai, Egyptian forces staged successful delaying actions at Tarat Umm, Umm Tarfa, and Hill 181. An Israeli jet was downed by anti-aircraft fire, and Sharon's forces came under heavy shelling as they advanced from the north and west. The Israeli advance, which

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The following day, 6 June, the Israeli forces on the outskirts of Arish were reinforced by the 7th Brigade, which fought its way through the Jiradi pass. After receiving supplies via an airdrop, the Israelis entered the city and captured the airport at 7:50 am. The Israelis entered the city at

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The Israeli plan was to surprise the Egyptian forces in both timing (the attack exactly coinciding with the IAF strike on Egyptian airfields), and in location (attacking via northern and central Sinai routes, as opposed to the Egyptian expectations of a repeat of the 1956 war, when the IDF attacked

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fighters, and around 32 assorted transport planes and helicopters. In addition, Egyptian radars and SAM missiles were also attacked and destroyed. The Israelis lost 19 planes, including two destroyed in air-to-air combat and 13 downed by anti-aircraft artillery. One Israeli plane, which was damaged

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Egypt and Jordan agreed to a ceasefire on 8 June, and Syria on 9 June, and it was signed with Israel on 11 June. The Six-Day War resulted in more than 15,000 Arab fatalities, while Israel suffered fewer than 1,000. Alongside the combatant casualties were the deaths of 20 Israeli civilians killed in

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The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), founded in 1967, became active in 1967 The PLO originated after the extraordinary collapse of Arab armies in the six days of the 1967 Middle East war; its existence and persistence gave credibility to supporters who argued that only terror could remove

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was obsessed with Nasser and that Johnson conspired with Israel to bring him down. The reported Israeli troop movements seemed all the more threatening because they were perceived in the context of a US conspiracy against Egypt. Salah Bassiouny of the Foreign Ministry, claims that Foreign Ministry

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Egyptian soldiers were listed as killed or missing in action. An additional 4,338 Egyptian soldiers were captured. Jordanian losses are estimated to be 700 killed in action with another 2,500 wounded. The Syrians were estimated to have sustained between 1000 and 2,500 killed in action. Between 367

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During the day, the Israeli units stopped after obtaining manoeuvre room between their positions and a line of volcanic hills to the west. In some locations, Israeli troops advanced after an agreed-upon cease-fire to occupy strategically strong positions. To the east, the ground terrain is an open

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The Israelis took heavy fire from the houses, but could not turn back, as other forces were advancing behind them, and they were on a narrow path with mines on either side. The Israelis continued pressing forward and called for air support. A pair of Israeli jets destroyed two of the Syrian tanks,

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On 7 and 8 June, the Israeli leadership debated about whether to attack the Golan Heights as well. Syria had supported pre-war raids that had helped raise tensions and had routinely shelled Israel from the Heights, so some Israeli leaders wanted to see Syria punished. Military opinion was that the

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bombers, two-thirds of its fighting strength. The Syrian aircraft that survived the attack retreated to distant bases and played no further role in the war. Following the attack, Syria realised that the news it had received from Egypt of the near-total destruction of the Israeli military could not

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First, the Israeli government had no intention of capturing the West Bank. On the contrary, it was opposed to it. Second, there was not any provocation on the part of the IDF. Third, the rein was only loosened when a real threat to Jerusalem's security emerged. This is truly how things happened on

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The Israelis broke through with tank-led assaults. However, Aviram's forces misjudged the Egyptians' flank and were pinned between strongholds before they were extracted after several hours. By nightfall, the Israelis had finished mopping up resistance. Israeli forces had taken significant losses,

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On July 2, the Israeli government announced that it would allow the return of those 1967 refugees who desired to do so, but no later than August 10, later extended to September 13. The Jordanian authorities probably pressured many of the refugees, who constituted an enormous burden, to sign up to

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Dayan's final report on the war to the Israeli general staff listed several shortcomings in Israel's actions, including misinterpretation of Nasser's intentions, overdependence on the United States, and reluctance to act when Egypt closed the Straits. He also credited several factors for Israel's

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Again, the air superiority of the IAF proved paramount as it immobilized the Jordanians, leading to their defeat. One of Peled's brigades joined with its Central Command counterparts coming from Ramallah, and the remaining two blocked the Jordan river crossings together with the Central Command's

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With Jordanian defences in Jerusalem crumbling, elements of the Jordanian 60th Brigade and an infantry battalion were sent from Jericho to reinforce Jerusalem. Its original orders were to repel the Israelis from the Latrun corridor, but due to the worsening situation in Jerusalem, the brigade was

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Meanwhile, the Israeli 71st Battalion breached barbed wire and minefields and emerged near Wadi Joz, near the base of Mount Scopus, from where the Old City could be cut off from Jericho and East Jerusalem from Ramallah. Israeli artillery targeted the one remaining route from Jerusalem to the West

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The immediate Israeli response was an offensive to retake Government House and its ridge. The Jerusalem Brigade's Reserve Battalion 161, under Lieutenant-Colonel Asher Dreizin, was given the task. Dreizin had two infantry companies and eight tanks under his command, several of which broke down or

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of the first hours of the conflict to send a cable to Amman that he was victorious; he claimed as evidence a radar sighting of a squadron of Israeli aircraft returning from bombing raids in Egypt, which he said was an Egyptian aircraft en route to attack Israel. In this cable, sent shortly before

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Those that successfully landed on target destroyed Egyptian artillery and ammunition dumps and separated gun crews from their batteries, sowing enough confusion to significantly reduce Egyptian artillery fire. Egyptian reinforcements from Jabal Libni advanced towards Um-Katef to counterattack but

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A week ago, the fateful campaign began. The existence of the State of Israel hung in the balance, the hopes of generations, and the vision that was realised in our own time... During the fighting, our forces destroyed about 450 enemy planes and hundreds of tanks. The enemy forces were decisively

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position. Navigational errors placed the Israelis directly under the Syrians' guns. In the fighting that followed, both sides took heavy casualties, with the Israelis losing all nineteen of their tanks and half-tracks. The Israeli battalion commander then ordered his twenty-five remaining men to

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Fearing damage to holy sites and the prospect of having to fight in built-up areas, Dayan ordered his troops not to enter the Old City. He also feared that Israel would be subjected to a fierce international backlash and the outrage of Christians worldwide if it forced its way into the Old City.

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Initially, the advance was met with light resistance, as Egyptian intelligence had concluded that it was a diversion for the main attack. However, as Gonen's lead battalion advanced, it suddenly came under intense fire and took heavy losses. A second battalion was brought up, but was also pinned

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fled. Israel allowed only the inhabitants of East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights to receive full Israeli citizenship, applying its law, administration and jurisdiction to these territories in 1967 and 1981, respectively. The vast majority of the populations in both territories declined to take

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At the commencement of hostilities, both Egypt and Israel announced that they had been attacked by the other country. The Israeli government later abandoned its initial position, acknowledging Israel had struck first, claiming that it was a preemptive strike in the face of a planned invasion by

3620:

empty. When the 8th Brigade reached Mansura, five miles from Wasit, the Israelis met no opposition and found abandoned equipment, including tanks, in perfect working condition. In the fortified Banias village, Golani Brigade troops found only several Syrian soldiers chained to their positions.

3598:

Syria's first line of defence had been shattered, but the defences beyond that remained largely intact. Mount Hermon and the Banias in the north, and the entire sector between Tawfiq and Customs House Road in the south remained in Syrian hands. In a meeting early on the night of 9 June, Syrian

3069:

moved towards the Old City. Their plan was to approach it via the lightly defended Salah al-Din Street. However, they made a wrong turn onto the heavily defended Nablus Road. The Israelis ran into fierce resistance. Their tanks fired at point-blank range down the street, while the paratroopers

2606:

transport planes for an assault on Al-Tur, as Chief of Staff Rabin was convinced it was too risky to land them directly in Sharm el-Sheikh. However, the city had been largely abandoned the day before, and reports from air and naval forces finally convinced Rabin to divert the aircraft to Sharm

2542:

Israel's blocking action was partially successful. Only the Gidi pass was captured before the Egyptians approached it, but at other places, Egyptian units managed to pass through and cross the canal to safety. Due to the haste of the Egyptian retreat, soldiers often abandoned weapons, military

2285:

incidents. At 10:00 pm, Israeli artillery began a barrage on Um-Katef, firing some 6000 shells in less than twenty minutes, the most concentrated artillery barrage in Israel's history. Israeli tanks assaulted the northernmost Egyptian defences and were largely successful, though an entire

4956:

On 7 June 1967, the day the occupation started, Military Proclamation No. 2 was issued, endowing the area commander with full legislative, executive, and judicial authorities over the West Bank and declaring that the law in force prior to the occupation remained in force as long as it did not

2511:

bombs during their sorties. The attacks destroyed hundreds of vehicles and caused heavy casualties. At Jabal Libni, retreating Egyptian soldiers were fired upon by their own artillery. At Bir Gafgafa, the Egyptians fiercely resisted advancing Israeli forces, knocking out three tanks and eight

1933:

airfield was spared, as the Israelis expected to turn it into a military airport for their transports after the war. Surviving aircraft were taken out by later attack waves. The operation was more successful than expected, catching the Egyptians by surprise and destroying virtually all of the

3579: 3081:

Afterwards, the Israelis broke through to the Jerusalem-Ramallah road. At Tel al-Ful, the Harel Brigade fought a running battle with up to thirty Jordanian tanks. The Jordanians stalled the advance and destroyed a number of half-tracks, but the Israelis launched air attacks and exploited the

2951:

During the late afternoon of 5 June, the Israelis launched an offensive to encircle Jerusalem, which lasted into the following day. During the night, they were supported by intense tank, artillery and mortar fire to soften up Jordanian positions. Searchlights placed atop the Labor Federation

9480:

Yet until the combined forces of Egypt, Jordan, and Syria were defeated for the second time in less than two decades, the Palestinians deferred to their Arab hosts to spearhead the abortive Palestinian national cause. Only after the 1967 War did the Palestinian leadership pursue a policy of

3737:

In recognition of contributions, Rabin was given the honour of naming the war for the Israelis. From the suggestions proposed, including the "War of Daring", "War of Salvation", and "War of the Sons of Light", he "chose the least ostentatious, the Six-Day War, evoking the days of creation".

2314:, initially positioned as a ruse to draw off Egyptian forces from the real invasion routes, attacked the fortified bunkers at Kuntilla, a strategically valuable position whose capture would enable Mandler to block reinforcements from reaching Um-Katef and to join Sharon's upcoming attack on 4035:

In three villages southwest of Jerusalem and at Qalqilya, houses were destroyed "not in battle, but as punishment ... and in order to chase away the inhabitants ... contrary to government ... policy," Dayan wrote in his memoirs. In Qalqilya, about a third of the homes were razed and about

3403:. These attacks were repulsed with the loss of twenty soldiers and seven tanks. An Israeli officer was also killed. But a broader Syrian offensive quickly failed. Syrian reserve units were broken up by Israeli air attacks, and several tanks were reported to have sunk in the Jordan River. 2298:

yards. The battle ended in an Israeli victory, with 40 Egyptian and 19 Israeli tanks destroyed. Meanwhile, Israeli infantry finished clearing out the Egyptian trenches, with Israeli casualties standing at 14 dead and 41 wounded and Egyptian casualties at 300 dead and 100 taken prisoner.

3841:

have been disputed and it has been claimed that some were given currency in the Arab world to explain the Arab defeat. It has also been claimed that the Soviet Union, in support of its Arab allies, used its naval strength in the Mediterranean to act as a major restraint on the US Navy.

2254:

Two armoured brigades in the meantime, under Avraham Yoffe, slipped across the border through sandy wastes that Egypt had left undefended because they were considered impassable. Simultaneously, Sharon's tanks from the west were to engage Egyptian forces on Um-Katef ridge and block any

2098:. The Egyptians had four divisions in the area, backed by minefields, pillboxes, underground bunkers, hidden gun emplacements and trenches. The terrain on either side of the route was impassable. The Israeli plan was to hit the Egyptians at selected key points with concentrated armour. 4457:

notes, the Khartoum conference effectively marked a shift in the perception of the conflict by the Arab states away from one centred on the question of Israel's legitimacy, toward one focusing on territories and boundaries. This was shown on 22 November when Egypt and Jordan accepted

1934:

Egyptian Air Force on the ground, with few Israeli losses. Only four unarmed Egyptian training flights were in the air when the strike began. A total of 338 Egyptian aircraft were destroyed and 100 pilots were killed, although the number of aircraft lost by the Egyptians is disputed.

1177:(IAF) to send several attack waves against Egyptian airfields on the first day of the war, overwhelming the Egyptian Air Force and allowed it to knock out other Arab air forces on the same day. This has contributed to the Arab belief that the IAF was helped by foreign air forces (see 4047:

But many thousands of other Palestinians now took to the roads. Perhaps as many as seventy thousand, mostly from the Jericho area, fled during the fighting; tens of thousands more left over the following months. Altogether, about one-quarter of the population of the West Bank, about

3300:

As Israel continued its offensive on 7 June, taking no account of the UN ceasefire resolution, the Egyptian-Jordanian command ordered a full Jordanian withdrawal for the second time, in order to avoid an annihilation of the Jordanian army. This was complete by nightfall on 7 June.

4633:

to the Israeli government, who then distributed this image widely. Although he was displeased with the violation of his copyright, the widespread use of his photo made it famous, and it is now considered a defining image of the conflict and one of the best-known in the history of

4445:

The Israeli decision was to be conveyed to the Arab nations by the United States. The U.S. was informed of the decision, but not that it was to transmit it. There is no evidence of receipt from Egypt or Syria, and some historians claim that they may never have received the offer.

3226:

artillery conducted a two-hour bombardment against the Jordanians. The Jordanians lost 10 dead and 250 wounded, and had only seven tanks left, including two without gas, and sixteen APCs. The Israelis then fought their way into Jenin and captured the city after fierce fighting.

4749:

Shlaim writes: "To understand Hussein's conduct during the June 1967 War it is essential to recall that he had handed over command of his army to Egypt under the terms of his pact with Nasser. On 1 June, General Riad arrived in Amman and assumed command of the Jordanian armed

1917:

detected waves of aircraft approaching Egypt and reported the code word for "war" up the Egyptian command chain, Egyptian command and communications problems prevented the warning from reaching the targeted airfields. The Israelis employed a mixed-attack strategy: bombing and

2318:. The defending Egyptian battalion outnumbered and outgunned, fiercely resisted the attack, hitting a number of Israeli tanks. Most of the defenders were killed, and only three Egyptian tanks, one of them damaged, survived. By nightfall, Mandler's forces had taken Kuntilla. 8034:(p. 147) The sequence of events that led to the Israeli pre-emptive strike did indeed create a situation where an armed attack seemed unavoidable. (p. 148 ) Many commentators treat it (the six-day war) as the locus classicus of anticipatory action in self defence 11459: 3582: 3427:

tanks. The Syrian bombardment killed two civilians and hit 205 houses as well as farming installations. An inaccurate report from a Syrian officer, however, said that as a result of the bombardment that "the enemy appears to have suffered heavy losses and is retreating".

1284:

troops in the Sinai, including all seven of its divisions (four infantry, two armoured and one mechanized), four independent infantry brigades and four independent armoured brigades. Over a third of these soldiers were veterans of Egypt's continuing intervention into the

3035:, but seven tanks were knocked out by mines, forcing the infantry to mount an assault without armoured cover. The Israeli soldiers advanced under heavy fire, jumping between rocks to avoid mines and the fighting was conducted at close quarters with knives and bayonets. 4535:

has been a long-standing and bitter cause of conflict for decades between Israel and the Palestinians, and the Arab world in general. Jordan and Egypt eventually withdrew their claims to sovereignty over the West Bank and Gaza, respectively. Israel and Jordan signed a

3857:

During the war, Cairo announced that American and British planes were participating in the Israeli attack. Nasser broke off diplomatic relations following this allegation. Nasser's image of the United States was such that he might well have believed the worst. However

2341:

overrode Dayan's instructions and ordered the 11th Mechanized Brigade under Colonel Yehuda Reshef to enter the Strip. The force was immediately met with heavy artillery fire and fierce resistance from Palestinian forces and remnants of the Egyptian forces from Rafah.

7079:

Odd Bull: " was a threat, pure and simple and it is not the normal practice of the U.N. to pass on threats from one government to another." However, as "…this message seemed so important… we quickly sent it…and King Hussein received the message before 10:30 the same

9496:, 115-123. "Some perceive today's terrorism as the outgrowth of unique political circumstances prevailing in the late 1960s: the Israeli defeat of the Arabs in 1967, which caused Palestinians to abandon their dependence on Arab military power and turn to terrorism." 3661:

defeated in battles. Many fled for their lives or were captured. For the first time since the establishment of the state, the threat to our security has been removed at once from the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip, Jerusalem, the West Bank and the northern border.

3580: 3680: 2109:. The Israeli plan called for the 7th Brigade to outflank Khan Yunis from the north and the 60th Armored Brigade under Colonel Menachem Aviram would advance from the south. The two brigades would link up and surround Khan Yunis, while the paratroopers would take 2909:

with mortars and recoilless rifles. UN observers fiercely protested the incursion into the neutral zone, and several manhandled a Jordanian machine gun out of Government House after the crew had set it up in a second-floor window. After the Jordanians occupied

2490: 4063:, though there is no evidence of coercion. The free Israeli-organized transportation, which began on June 11, 1967, went on for about a month. At the bridge, they had to sign a document stating that they were leaving of their own free will. Perhaps as many as 3678: 3070:

mounted repeated charges. Despite repelling repeated Israeli charges, the Jordanians gradually gave way to Israeli firepower and momentum. The Israelis suffered some 30 casualties – half the original force – while the Jordanians lost 45 dead and 142 wounded.

3681: 2488: 5773: 3924:, some survivors of the attack, and intelligence officials familiar with transcripts of intercepted signals on the day, have rejected these conclusions as unsatisfactory and maintain that the attack was made in the knowledge that the ship was American. 2491: 5977:

out.... Convinced after the Samu' raid that Israel's strategic goal was the West Bank, Husayn allied himself to Nasir out of a genuine fear that, in a comprehensive war, Israel would invade the West Bank whether or not Jordan was an active participant.

3410:

Our forces did not go on the offensive either because they did not arrive or were not wholly prepared or because they could not find shelter from the enemy's aircraft. The reserves could not withstand the air attacks; they dispersed after their morale

3836:

There have been a number of allegations of direct military support of Israel during the war by the US and the UK, including the supply of equipment (despite an embargo) and the participation of US forces in the conflict. Many of these allegations and

2117:

down. Meanwhile, the 60th Brigade became bogged down in the sand, while the paratroopers had trouble navigating through the dunes. The Israelis continued to press their attack, and despite heavy losses, cleared the Egyptian positions and reached the

1380:

In the weeks leading up to the Six-Day War, Saudi Arabia mobilized forces for deployment to the Jordanian front. A Saudi infantry battalion entered Jordan on 6 June 1967, followed by another on the 8th. Both were based in Jordan's southernmost city,

2586:

never materialized. Both Egyptian and Israeli warships made movements at sea to intimidate the other side throughout the war but did not engage each other. However, Israeli warships and aircraft did hunt for Egyptian submarines throughout the war.

8624:

once hostilities were under way, the United states imposed an embargo on new arms agreements to all countries of the Middle East, including Israel. The embargo remained in force through the end of the year, despite urgent Israeli requests to lift

1422:

Israeli weapons were mainly of Western origin. Its air force was composed principally of French aircraft, while its armoured units were mostly of British and American design and manufacture. Some light infantry weapons, including the ubiquitous

2876:. Dozens of tanks were knocked out, and a convoy of 26 trucks carrying ammunition was destroyed. In Jerusalem, Israel responded to Jordanian shelling with a missile strike that devastated Jordanian positions. The Israelis used the L missile, a 1147:

If a single act of folly was more responsible for this explosion than any other, it was the arbitrary and dangerous announced decision that the Straits of Tiran would be closed. The right of innocent, maritime passage must be preserved for all

1152:

On 30 May, Jordan and Egypt signed a defence pact. The following day, at Jordan's invitation, the Iraqi army began deploying troops and armoured units in Jordan. They were later reinforced by an Egyptian contingent. On 1 June, Israel formed a

3166:

and decided instead to hold out in the hope that a ceasefire would be implemented soon. It was already too late, as the counter-order caused confusion and in many cases, it was not possible to regain positions that had previously been left.

2991:

The Jordanian defenders, who were heavily dug-in, fiercely resisted the attack. All of the Israeli officers except for two company commanders were killed, and the fighting was mostly led by individual soldiers. The fighting was conducted at

2515:

Therefore, in the following two days (6 and 7 June), all three Israeli divisions (Sharon and Tal were reinforced by an armoured brigade each) rushed westwards and reached the passes. Sharon's division first went southward then westward, via

5995:: "Towards the War of June 1967: Growing tensions in the region were clearly visible long before Israel's November attack on Samu and two other West Bank towns. An escalating spiral of raid and retaliation had already been set in motion..." 2255:

reinforcements. Israeli infantry would clear the three trenches, while heliborne paratroopers would land behind Egyptian lines and silence their artillery. An armoured thrust would be made at al-Qusmaya to unnerve and isolate its garrison.

1353:

was a long-term-service, professional army, relatively well-equipped and well-trained. Israeli post-war briefings said that the Jordanian staff acted professionally, but was always left "half a step" behind by the Israeli moves. The small

1139:. Israel repeated declarations it had made in 1957 that any closure of the Straits would be considered an act of war, or justification for war, but Nasser closed the Straits to Israeli shipping on 22–23 May. After the war, U.S. President 1130:

that Israel was massing on the Syrian border. Nasser began massing his troops in two defensive lines in the Sinai Peninsula on Israel's border (16 May), expelled the UNEF force from Gaza and Sinai (19 May) and took over UNEF positions at

9194: 9155: 2554:

at the time came ashore and attempted to cross the Suez Canal eastward. The Soviet force was reportedly decimated by an Israeli air attack and lost 17 dead and 34 wounded. Among the wounded was the commander, Lt. Col. Victor Shevchenko.

2904:

A Jordanian battalion advanced up Government House ridge and dug in at the perimeter of Government House, the headquarters of the United Nations observers, and opened fire on Ramat Rachel, the Allenby Barracks and the Jewish section of

967:

announced that the Straits of Tiran would again be closed to Israeli vessels. He subsequently mobilized the Egyptian military into defensive lines along the border with Israel and ordered the immediate withdrawal of all UNEF personnel.

3956:

with Israel until about 1999. The United States imposed an embargo on new arms agreements to all Middle East countries, including Israel. The embargo remained in force until the end of 1967, despite urgent Israeli requests to lift it.

2792:, and was shot down near the Megiddo airfield. The attack caused minimal material damage, hitting only a senior citizens' home and several chicken coops, but sixteen Israeli soldiers were killed, most of them when the Tupolev crashed. 3906:), was attacked by Israeli jets and torpedo boats, nearly sinking the ship, killing 34 sailors and wounding 171. Israel said the attack was a case of mistaken identity, and that the ship had been misidentified as the Egyptian vessel 3679: 3205:

In the north, a battalion from Peled's division checked Jordanian defences in the Jordan Valley. A brigade from Peled's division captured the western part of the West Bank. One brigade attacked Jordanian artillery positions around

3940:

The political importance of the 1967 War was immense. Israel demonstrated again that it was able and willing to initiate strategic strikes that could change the regional balance. Egypt and Syria learned tactical lessons and would

5786:

On the evening of 22 May, President Gamal Abdul Nasser, accompanied by ... Egyptian air force base at Bir Gafgafa in Sinai and addressed the pilots and officers. ... 'The Jews are threatening war – we say to them ahlan wa-sahlan

4043:

inhabitants were evicted, though many then camped out in the environs. The evictees in both areas were allowed to stay and later were given cement and tools by the Israeli authorities to rebuild at least some of their dwellings.

3488:

would retreat from danger, leaving their men confused and ineffective. The Israelis also had the upper hand during close combat that took place in the numerous Syrian bunkers along the Golan Heights, as they were armed with the

2489: 2161:

They dropped grenades into our half-tracks and blocked the streets with trucks. Our men threw the grenades back and crushed the trucks with their tanks." Gonen sent additional units to Arish, and the city was eventually taken.

9116: 1388:

The Arab air forces were reinforced by aircraft from Libya, Algeria, Morocco, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia to make up for the massive losses suffered on the first day of the war. They were also aided by volunteer pilots from the

1194:

on 23 May 1967, noted, "In; discipline, training, morale, equipment and general competence his army and the other Arab forces, without the direct assistance of the Soviet Union, are no match for the Israelis. ... Even with

12148: 3437:

attack would be extremely costly since it would entail an uphill battle against a strongly fortified enemy. The western side of the Golan Heights consists of a rock escarpment that rises 500 meters (1,700 ft) from the

2090:. They advanced swiftly, holding fire to prolong the element of surprise. Tal's forces assaulted the "Rafah Gap", an 11-kilometre (7 mi) stretch containing the shortest of three main routes through the Sinai towards 3819:

Egypt. The Arab view was that it was unjustified to attack Egypt. Many scholars consider the war a case of preventative war as a form of self-defense. However, the war has been assessed by others as a war of aggression.

8495: 6057: 2836:, but the cabinet turned him down. Dayan rejected multiple requests from Narkiss for permission to mount an infantry assault towards Mount Scopus. However, Dayan sanctioned a number of more limited retaliatory actions. 8075: 3053:

Meanwhile, 600 Egyptian commandos stationed in the West Bank moved to attack Israeli airfields. Led by Jordanian intelligence scouts, they crossed the border and began infiltrating through Israeli settlements towards

2983:

leading up to the position while exposed and under heavy fire. With the aid of two tanks borrowed from the Jerusalem Brigade, they captured the Police Academy. After receiving reinforcements, they moved up to attack

3308:, Dayan ordered him back. It was only after intelligence reports indicated that Hussein had withdrawn his forces across the Jordan River that Dayan ordered his troops to capture the West Bank. According to Narkis: 2512:

half-tracks, and killing 20 soldiers. Due to the Egyptians' retreat, the Israeli High Command decided not to pursue the Egyptian units but rather to bypass and destroy them in the mountainous passes of West Sinai.

2384:

attacked Israeli ground forces but took losses from the Israeli Air Force and from Israeli anti-aircraft units. Throughout the last four days, Egyptian aircraft flew 150 sorties against Israeli units in the Sinai.

2263:, and by dusk, all units were in position. The Israelis then brought up ninety 105 mm and 155 mm artillery cannon for a preparatory barrage, while civilian buses brought reserve infantrymen under Colonel 5446:

Gerhard, William D.; Millington, Henry W. (1981). "Attack on a SIGINT Collector, the USS Liberty" (PDF). NSA History Report, U.S. Cryptologic History series. National Security Agency. partially declassified 1999,

4769:

Israel clearly did not want the US Government to know too much about its dispositions for attacking Syria, initially planned for June 8, but postponed for 24 hours. It should be pointed out that the attack on the

4655:

received a message from the Israeli foreign office: "Inform immediately the President of the Sec. Co. that Israel is now engaged in repelling Egyptian land and air forces." At 3:10 am, Rafael woke ambassador

3445:, and then flattens to a gently sloping plateau. Dayan opposed the operation bitterly at first, believing such an undertaking would result in losses of 30,000 and might trigger Soviet intervention. Prime Minister 1046:

from the West Bank and the Golan Heights, respectively. Nasser resigned in shame following Israel's victory, but was later reinstated following a series of protests across Egypt. In the aftermath of the conflict,

3330:

In May–June 1967, in preparation for conflict, the Israeli government planned to confine the confrontation to the Egyptian front, whilst taking into account the possibility of some fighting on the Syrian front.

1523:

prior to the war. The Sherman also underwent extensive modifications including a larger 105 mm medium velocity, French gun, redesigned turret, wider tracks, more armour, and upgraded engine and suspension.

9631:

In dozens of speeches and statements, Nasser posited the equation that any direct peace talks with Israel were tantamount to surrender. His efforts to forestall any movement toward direct negotiations ...

1893:

Meanwhile, the Egyptians hindered their own defence by effectively shutting down their entire air defence system: they were worried that rebel Egyptian forces would shoot down the plane carrying Field Marshal

2065:

men and 700 tanks, who were organized in three armoured divisions. They had massed on the border the night before the war, camouflaging themselves and observing radio silence before being ordered to advance.

4292:, which had been ongoing since 1948. As a result, Jewish populations in Arab countries further diminished as many Jews emigrated to Israel and other Western countries. According to historian and ambassador 975:

airstrikes against Egyptian airfields and other facilities, launching its war effort. Egyptian forces were caught by surprise, and nearly all of Egypt's military aerial assets were destroyed, giving Israel

9425:

Since 1967, when desperate Palestinian groups took to international terrorism in the wake of the Arab defeat in the Six-Day War, terrorism has become the characteristic weapon of the weak pretending to be

3552:

and the remainder withdrew. The surviving defenders of Qala retreated after their commander was killed. Meanwhile, Za'ura fell in an Israeli assault, and the Israelis also captured the 'Ein Fit fortress.

3555:

In the central sector, the Israeli 181st Battalion captured the strongholds of Dardara and Tel Hillal after fierce fighting. Desperate fighting also broke out along the operation's northern axis, where

12505: 4178:– the second-most holy site in Judaism, after the Temple Mount – for the first time since the 14th century (previously Jews were allowed to pray only at the entrance). Other Jewish holy sites, such as 3578: 10752: 9644: 6153: 4669:"Gideon Rafael phoned Danish ambassador Hans Tabor, Security Council president for the month of June, and informed him that Israel was responding to a 'cowardly and treacherous' attack from Egypt...". 4056:

with loudspeakers ordering West Bankers to leave their homes and cross the Jordan. Some left because they had relatives or sources of livelihood on the East Bank and feared being permanently cut off.

3789:

that was stationed on the Egyptian side of the border. In three different episodes, Israeli forces attacked a UNEF convoy, camps in which UNEF personnel were concentrated and the UNEF headquarters in

3346:

influenced Syria's decision to enter the war – in a sporadic manner – during this period. Syrian artillery began shelling northern Israel, and twelve Syrian jets attacked Israeli settlements in the

3114:. The brigades were spotted by Israeli aircraft and decimated by rocket and cannon fire. Other Jordanian attempts to reinforce Jerusalem were beaten back, either by armoured ambushes or airstrikes. 9282: 4361:(PLO) was established in 1964, it became more active after the Six-Day War; its actions gave credibility to those who claimed that only terror could end Israel's existence. Also after the war, the 9539: 2598:

started the operation with a probe of Egyptian naval defences. An aerial reconnaissance flight found that the area was less defended than originally thought. At about 4:30 am, three Israeli

2365:

and took Gaza City along with the entire Strip. The fighting was fierce and accounted for nearly half of all Israeli casualties on the southern front. However, Gaza rapidly fell to the Israelis.

2286:

armoured brigade was stalled by mines, and had only one mine-clearance tank. Israeli infantrymen assaulted the triple line of trenches in the east. To the west, paratroopers commanded by Colonel

4499:

and evacuated all civilians from the Gaza Strip. Its army frequently re-enters Gaza for military operations and still retains control of the seaports, airports and most of the border crossings.

3866:

during the late 1960s, who accompanied Nasser to his visits in Moscow, had his conspiracy theory that both the Soviets and the Western powers wanted to topple Nasser or to reduce his influence.

3406:

Other problems included tanks being too wide for bridges, lack of radio communications between tanks and infantry, and units ignoring orders to advance. A post-war Syrian army report concluded:

2368:

Meanwhile, on 6 June, two Israeli reserve brigades under Yoffe, each equipped with 100 tanks, penetrated the Sinai south of Tal's division and north of Sharon's, capturing the road junctions of

3280:; then it joined one of Central Command's armoured brigades to fight the Jordanian forces; as the Jordanians held the advantage of superior equipment and were equal in numbers to the Israelis. 1202:

troops and the best of his generals and air force in Yemen, he has not been able to work his way in that small and primitive country, and even his effort to help the Congo rebels was a flop."

13694: 4600: 12500: 12344: 7987: 4369:

speaking of turning the occupied territories into an "inferno whose fires consume the usurpers". These events led to a series of hijackings, bombings, and kidnappings that culminated in the

3464:

The Syrian army consisted of about 75,000 men grouped in nine brigades, supported by an adequate amount of artillery and armour. Israeli forces used in combat consisted of two brigades (the

3357:

jets, two of the twelve Lebanon had, crossed into Israeli airspace and began strafing Israeli positions in the Galilee. They were intercepted by Israeli fighter jets, and one was shot down.

2914:, an advance patrol was sent out and approached Ramat Rachel, where they came under fire from four civilians, including the wife of the director, who were armed with old Czech-made weapons. 2528:. These passes became killing grounds for the Egyptians, who ran right into waiting Israeli positions and suffered heavy losses in both soldiers and vehicles. According to Egyptian diplomat 11482: 6208: 3304:

After the Old City was captured, Dayan told his troops to "dig in" to hold it. When an armoured brigade commander entered the West Bank on his own initiative, and stated that he could see

1259:

was summoned from the Sinai front. The 10th Armored Brigade was stationed north of the West Bank. The Israeli Northern Command comprised a division of three brigades led by Major General

1408:

Egypt had by far the largest and the most modern of all the Arab air forces, consisting of about 420 combat aircraft, all of them Soviet-built and with a large number of top-of-the-line

12986: 3218:, with their external fuel tanks, proved vulnerable at short distances, even to the Israeli-modified Shermans. Twelve Jordanian tanks were destroyed, and only six remained operational. 4088:

who applied were allowed by Israel back into the West Bank by the beginning of September. After that, only a trickle of "special cases" were allowed back, perhaps 3000 in all. (328–29)

3677: 1205:

On the eve of the war, Israel believed it could win a war in 3–4 days. The United States estimated Israel would need 7–10 days to win, with British estimates supporting the U.S. view.

15632: 9006: 8898: 2487: 2132:

with Colonel Gonen later telling reporters that "we left many of our dead soldiers in Rafah and many burnt-out tanks." The Egyptians suffered some 2000 casualties and lost 40 tanks.

1405:

With the exception of Jordan, the Arabs relied principally on Soviet weaponry. Jordan's army was equipped with American weaponry, and its air force was composed of British aircraft.

3214:. The Jordanian 12th Armored Battalion, which outnumbered the Israelis, held off repeated attempts to capture Jenin. However, Israeli air attacks took their toll, and the Jordanian 12501:

The status of Jerusalem, United Nations, New York, 1997 (Prepared for, and under the guidance of, the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People)

12145: 6053: 1181:). Pilots were extensively schooled about their targets, were forced to memorise every single detail, and rehearsed the operation multiple times on dummy runways in total secrecy. 12776: 11704: 5263: 3569:, allowing their comrades to vault over them. From there, they assaulted the fortified Syrian positions. The fighting was waged at extremely close quarters, often hand-to-hand. 9310: 9077: 3862:

implied that Nasser used this deliberate conspiracy in order to accuse the United States as a political cover-up for domestic consumption. Lutfi Abd al-Qadir, the director of

8063: 16967: 7023:"On June 5, Israel sent a message to Hussein urging him not to open fire. Despite shelling into West Jerusalem, Netanya, and the outskirts of Tel Aviv, Israel did nothing." 4353:

As a result of Israel's victory, the Palestinian leadership concluded that the Arab world was not able to defeat Israel in open warfare, which in turn led to an increase in

3640:

three hours before it actually capitulated. That premature report of the surrender of their headquarters destroyed the morale of the Syrian troops left in the Golan area."

2715:. The commanders of these batteries were instructed to lay a two-hour barrage against military and civilian settlements in central Israel. Some shells hit the outskirts of 13204: 8783: 8225: 4907:

Between June 5 and June 10, Israel defeated Egypt, Jordan, and Syria and occupied the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights

4629:

shot his "signature" photograph of three Israeli paratroopers gazing in wonder up at the wall. As part of the terms for his access to the front lines, Rubinger handed the

3565:

dismount, divide into two groups, and charge the northern and southern flanks of Tel Fakhr. The first Israelis to reach the perimeter of the southern approach laid on the

812: 11821: 5194: 3484:(who was captured and executed in Syria in 1965) regarding the Syrian battle positions. Syria had built extensive defensive fortifications in depths up to 15 kilometers. 3636:

magazine reported: "In an effort to pressure the United Nations into enforcing a ceasefire, Damascus Radio undercut its own army by broadcasting the fall of the city of

942: 8380: 3122:

that he was also concerned over the prospect of Israel capturing Jerusalem's holy sites, only to be forced to give them up under the threat of international sanctions.

2860:

base in western Iraq. During the attack, 12 MiG-21s, 2 MiG-17s, 5 Hunter F6s, and 3 Il-28 bombers were destroyed or shot down. A Pakistani pilot stationed at the base,

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An Egyptian order for Jordanian forces to withdraw across the Jordan River was issued at 10 am on 6 June; however that afternoon King Hussein learned of the impending

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and helicopters arrived to ferry the paratroopers. These movements were unobserved by the Egyptians, who were preoccupied with Israeli probes against their perimeter.

10953: 9618: 8259: 2784:, killing one civilian, wounding seven and destroying a transport plane. Three Iraqi Hawker Hunters strafed civilian settlements in the Jezreel Valley, and an Iraqi 1099:. In the following years there were numerous minor border clashes between Israel and its Arab neighbours, particularly Syria. In early November 1966, Syria signed a 12378: 12282: 11426: 8926: 7469: 4466:

forestalled any movement toward direct negotiations with Israel. In dozens of speeches and statements, Nasser posited the equation that any direct peace talks with

3062:. They were soon detected and sought shelter in nearby fields, which the Israelis set on fire. Some 450 commandos were killed, and the remainder escaped to Jordan. 985: 807: 10177: 4820: 4304:, left 18 Jews dead and 25 injured; the survivors were herded into detention centres. Of Egypt's 4000 Jews, 800 were arrested, including the chief rabbis of both 3793:, resulting in one Brazilian peacekeeper and 14 Indian officials killed by Israeli forces, with an additional seventeen peacekeepers wounded in both contingents. 3742:

success: Egypt did not appreciate the advantage of striking first and their adversaries did not accurately gauge Israel's strength and its willingness to use it.

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surviving Jordanian forces then withdrew to Jenin, where they were reinforced by the 25th Infantry Brigade. The Jordanians were effectively surrounded in Jenin.

9467: 8469: 11419:"Israelis Ponder Blow at Syrians; Some Leaders Decide That Force is the Only Way to Curtail Terrorism Some Israeli Leaders See Need for Force to Curb Syrians" 9279: 8981: 7125: 3276:, taking the city after a brief battle that left some 40 Jordanian soldiers dead, with the remainder fleeing. On the same day, one of Peled's brigades seized 3245:

of the city's Jewish community, Hebron's residents flew white sheets from their windows and rooftops. The Harel Brigade proceeded eastward, descending to the

2864:, who was posted with the Royal Jordanian Air Force as an advisor, shot down an Israeli fighter and a bomber during the raid. The Jordanian radar facility at 15818: 9798: 9749: 6150: 4155:

could visit the Old City of Jerusalem and pray at the Western Wall, the holiest site where Jews are permitted to pray, an event celebrated every year during

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Between 776 and 983 Israelis were killed and 4,517 were wounded. Fifteen Israeli soldiers were captured. Arab casualties were far greater. Between 9,800 and

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Eventually, the situation on the Southern and Central fronts cleared up, intelligence estimated that the likelihood of Soviet intervention had been reduced,

817: 63:

A map of military movements during the conflict. Israel proper is shown in royal blue and territories occupied by Israel are shown in various shades of green

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occurred on June 8, whereas on June 9 at 3 AM, Syria announced its acceptance of the cease-fire. Despite this, at 7 AM, that is, four hours later, Israel's

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saw the reported Israeli troop movements as credible because Israel had reached the level at which it could find strategic alliance with the United States.

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to meet the commanders of the troops stationed there. In any event, it did not make a great deal of difference as the Israeli pilots came in below Egyptian

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de Mazarrasa, Javier (1994) (in Spanish). Blindados en España 2ª Parte: La Dificil Postguerra 1939–1960. Valladolid, Spain: Quiron Ediciones. p. 50.

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building, then the tallest in Israeli Jerusalem, exposed and blinded the Jordanians. The Jerusalem Brigade moved south of Jerusalem, while the mechanized

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landed behind Egyptian lines, though half the helicopters got lost and never found the battlefield, while others were unable to land due to mortar fire.

1173:, enabling a single aircraft to sortie up to four times a day, as opposed to the norm in Arab air forces of one or two sorties per day. This enabled the 17706: 15297: 4476:

The 1967 War laid the foundation for future discord in the region, as the Arab states resented Israel's victory and did not want to give up territory.

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One hundred Iraqi tanks and an infantry division were readied near the Jordanian border. Two squadrons of Iraqi fighter-aircraft, Hawker Hunters and

715: 12347:. Provisional agenda (S/PV.1347/Rev.1). On a subpage of the website of The United Nations Information System on the Question of Palestine (UNISPAL). 7984: 4135:

flourished due to an influx of tourists and donations, as well as the extraction of oil from the Sinai's wells. The aftermath of the war also saw a

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Bank, and shellfire deterred the Jordanians from counterattacking from their positions at Augusta-Victoria. An Israeli detachment then captured the

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from Egypt. The displacement of civilian populations as a result of the Six-Day War would have long-term consequences, as around 280,000 to 325,000

16952: 16479: 15229: 13197: 12916: 12232: 3521: 12494: 7226: 4894: 14796: 14177: 14167: 14149: 14143: 14139: 12762: 11479: 9977:

Burrowes, Robert; Muzzio, Douglas (1972). "The Road to the Six Day War: Towards an Enumerative History of Four Arab States and Israel, 1965–67".

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realised that it had no hope of defence as early as the morning of 6 June, just a day after the conflict had begun. At Nasser's request, Egypt's

3046:, taking four fortified villages along the way. By the evening, the brigade arrived in Ramallah. Meanwhile, the 163rd Infantry Battalion secured 2411:

to order a general retreat from the Sinai within 24 hours. No detailed instructions were given concerning the manner and sequence of withdrawal.

11891: 8052:. "Terence Taylor wrote in 2004...that 'many scholars' considered Israel to have 'conducted the (1967) action in anticipatory of self-defense'." 3461:

about the idea and four hours later at 7 AM, "gave the order to go into action against Syria" without consultation or government authorisation.

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troops and 200 tanks (eight brigades). Israeli Central Command forces consisted of five brigades. The first two were permanently stationed near

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had to cope with extensive minefields, took a large number of casualties. A column of Israeli tanks managed to penetrate the northern flank of

12320: 2349:, but were beaten back from the city itself. Some 70 Israelis were killed, along with Israeli journalist Ben Oyserman and American journalist 17736: 17183: 14161: 12981: 11553: 7824: 4362: 4329:

Following the war, a series of antisemitic purges began in Communist countries. Some 11,200 Jews from Poland immigrated to Israel during the

12550: 8998: 8717: 6708: 4666:"Egyptian sources claimed that Israel had initiated hostilities but Israeli officials – Eban and Evron – swore that Egypt had fired first". 2745:

in the north, then ranged into the city centre and outlying neighbourhoods. Military installations, the Prime Minister's Residence, and the

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The IDF's strategic plan was to remain on the defensive along the Jordanian front, to enable focus in the expected campaign against Egypt.

2539:

men were killed in one day alone, and many others died from thirst. Tal's units stopped at various points to the length of the Suez Canal.

12526:– A historic radio interview with General Uzi Narkiss taken on 7 June – one day after the Six-Day War, describing the battle for Jerusalem 11443: 8491: 4170:

compound is located being the most important holy site in Jewish tradition, it has been under sole administration of the Jordanian Muslim

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There was extensive displacement of populations in the occupied territories: of about one million Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza,

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became stuck in the mud at Ramat Rachel, leaving three for the assault. The Jordanians mounted fierce resistance, knocking out two tanks.

1977:

for the rest of the war. Attacks on other Arab air forces by Israel took place later in the day as hostilities broke out on other fronts.

17002: 15889: 13922: 13916: 13190: 12540: 9245: 8203: 8021: 7027: 6856: 5963: 5757: 3020:, despite being short on men and equipment and having come under a Jordanian mortar bombardment while waiting for the signal to advance. 957:: Israel reiterated its post-1956 position that another Egyptian closure of the Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping would be a definite 10512: 8611: 7292: 5340: 2929:, having suffered about 100 casualties. All but ten of Dreizin's soldiers were casualties, and Dreizin himself was wounded three times. 17691: 17119: 16992: 14247: 14237: 12370:"Israelis Say Tape Shows Nasser Fabricated 'Plot'; Recording Said to Be of Phone Call to Hussein Gives Plan to Accuse U.S. and Britain" 6446: 11692: 5949:

Arab Politics, Palestinian Nationalism and the Six Day War: The Crystallization of Arab Strategy and Nasir's Descent to War, 1957–1967

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Following the war, Israel made an offer for peace that included the return of most of the recently captured territories. According to

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leaders decided to reinforce those positions as quickly as possible and to maintain a steady barrage on Israeli civilian settlements.

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In the Arab nations, populations of minority Jews faced persecution and expulsion following the Israeli victory, contributing to the

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vulnerability of the external fuel tanks mounted on the Jordanian tanks. The Jordanians lost half their tanks, and retreated towards

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The Jordanians fell back after a battle that left two Israeli and eight Jordanian soldiers dead, and Israeli forces advanced through

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After the war, the entire Soviet bloc of Eastern Europe (with the exception of Romania) broke off diplomatic relations with Israel.

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were placed under house arrest, their leaders imprisoned and fined. A total of 7000 Jews were expelled, many with merely a satchel.

4300:

Mobs attacked Jewish neighbourhoods in Egypt, Yemen, Lebanon, Tunisia, and Morocco, burning synagogues and assaulting residents. A

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immigrated to the United States. The great rise in Jewish pride in the wake of Israel's victory also fueled the beginnings of the

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Communiqué: Investigation regarding communist state officers who publicly incited hatred towards people of different nationality.

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Forced transfer and displacement. Syrian civilians, hands raised, before Israeli soldiers, leave their homes in the Golan Heights

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False Egyptian reports of a crushing victory against the Israeli army and forecasts that Egyptian forces would soon be attacking

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via the central and southern routes) and method (using a combined-force flanking approach, rather than direct tank assaults).

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1. A political decision to cease fighting to be imposed by a third party (the USA, the Soviet Union or the Security Council).

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promising not to initiate any action against Jordan if it stayed out of the war. King Hussein replied that it was too late, "

1080: 708: 17314: 15980: 11765: 11083: 11050: 10735: 10648: 10612: 10210: 10112: 10079: 9942: 8672: 6364: 6247:"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964–1968, Volume XIX, Arab-Israeli Crisis and War, 1967 – Office of the Historian" 2734:". At 11:15 am, Jordanian howitzers began a 6000-shell barrage at Israeli Jerusalem. The Jordanians initially targeted 2124:

Gonen's brigade then advanced nine miles to Rafah in twin columns. Rafah itself was circumvented, and the Israelis attacked

17354: 15799: 15724: 15384: 14984: 13570: 12484: 9883:

Bar-On, Mordechai; Morris, Benny; Golani, Motti (2002). "Reassessing Israel's Road to Sinai/Suez, 1956: A 'Trialogue'". In

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On 5 June, at 7:50 am, the northernmost Israeli division, consisting of three brigades and commanded by Major General

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Cohen, Raymond (1988). "Intercultural Communication between Israel and Egypt: Deterrence Failure before the Six-Day war".

7963: 7872: 6168: 4581:, a 2017 Israeli philosophy book on the West Bank occupation that launched a public dialogue on the war's 50th anniversary 18061: 17726: 17671: 16997: 15404: 14537: 13789: 13650: 13523: 11418: 8916: 3653: 3420: 2329:

had expressly forbidden entry into the area. After Palestinian positions in Gaza opened fire on the Negev settlements of

1834: 1586: 14646: 14574: 11184: 9357: 4804: 988:. After some initial resistance, Nasser ordered an evacuation of the Sinai Peninsula; by the sixth day of the conflict, 18001: 17666: 17086: 16439: 15534: 14512: 14397: 14351: 14346: 14292: 13910: 13834: 13702: 13666: 13062: 12976: 12724: 10171: 8798: 5150: 4660:, the Danish President of the Security Council for June, with the news that Egyptian forces had "moved against Israel". 3350:. Israeli fighter jets intercepted the Syrian aircraft, shooting down three and driving off the rest. In addition, two 2213:

under Major-General Sa'adi Naguib (though Naguib was actually absent) of Soviet World War II armour, which included 90

6394: 6317: 5602:. 2nd-5th author details from Six Day War, 40th anniversary, June 1, 2007, at oboler.com/six-day-war-40th-anniversary/ 3289:

deep into Jordan, assembled the remnants of their army and Iraqi units in Jordan to protect the western approaches to

1169:

Before the war, Israeli pilots and ground crews had trained extensively in rapid refitting of aircraft returning from

921:

Military hostilities broke out amid poor relations between Israel and its Arab neighbours, who had been observing the

18031: 17808: 17731: 16171: 15734: 15004: 14945: 13586: 12971: 9290: 8459: 6416: 5851:, p. 5. "Some sources date the agreement to 4 November, others to 7 November. Most sources simply say November." 5583: 4922:

Weill, Sharon (2007). "The judicial arm of the occupation: the Israeli military courts in the occupied territories".

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The Israelis broke through the compound's western gate and began clearing the building with grenades, before General

2464: 1923: 1104: 14742: 6199:"Washington: Nasser's Reckless Maneuvers; Cairo and Moscow The U.S. Commitment The Staggering Economy Moscow's Role" 3508: 17596: 17588: 17252: 15874: 15869: 15364: 15327: 15056: 14502: 13754: 13736: 13718: 12698: 9790: 9412: 8978: 7115: 4174:, and Jews are barred from praying there, although they are allowed to visit. In Hebron, Jews gained access to the 4009: 3911: 3178: 1225:, though this number could not be sustained during a long conflict, as the reservists were vital to civilian life. 701: 15552: 15414: 15098: 8870: 4977: 3608:

Battalion for four hours before a small detachment managed to penetrate the village and knock out the heavy guns.

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After the Old City fell, the Jerusalem Brigade reinforced the paratroopers, and continued to the south, capturing

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The Albatross of Decisive Victory: War and Policy Between Egypt and Israel in the 1967 and 1973 Arab-Israeli Wars

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Stein, Janice Gross. (1991). The Arab-Israeli War of 1967: Inadvertent War Through Miscalculated Escalation, in

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Little, Douglas. "Nasser Delenda Est: Lyndon Johnson, The Arabs, and the 1967 Six-Day War," in H.W. Brands, ed.

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3. To go on fighting for one more day, resulting in the isolation and destruction of the entire Jordanian Army.

3013: 2446: 2400:, he panicked and ordered all units in the Sinai to retreat. This order effectively meant the defeat of Egypt. 2354: 1366:

and two helicopters. According to the Israelis, the Hawker Hunter was essentially on par with the French-built

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and another third were reservists. These forces had 950 tanks, 1100 APCs, and more than 1000 artillery pieces.

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measures as are necessary to ensure the free and innocent passage of its ships in the Gulf and in the Straits.

2664:

King Hussein had given control of his army to Egypt on 1 June, on which date Egyptian General Riad arrived in

1604: 18056: 18041: 16972: 15987: 15940: 15704: 15627: 15359: 14005: 13862: 13596: 12991: 12620: 12591: 6290:, pp. 86–87: "Syria was severely unprepared for war. Despite the bombastic and jingoistic rhetoric, the 3953: 3193:

shortly after its capture. The soldiers in the foreground are (from left) Zion Karasenti, Yitzhak Yifat, and

2210: 1967: 1596: 1592: 1157:

by widening its cabinet, and on 4 June the decision was made to go to war. The next morning, Israel launched

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The Encyclopedia of Middle East Wars. The United States in the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan, and Iraq Conflicts

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Brams, Steven J.; Togman, Jeffrey M. (1998). "Camp David: Was the agreement fair?". In Paul F. Diehl (ed.).

6223: 5667: 5556: 2499: 945:, ultimately resulting in the re-opening of the Straits of Tiran to Israel as well as the deployment of the 18016: 17701: 17661: 17651: 17200: 16005: 15965: 15935: 15884: 15744: 15662: 15658: 15529: 15459: 15224: 15041: 14807: 14702: 14634: 13744: 13310: 13027: 12966: 12896: 11824:, Special Interview I, 26 March 1993, by Robert Dallek, Internet Copy, LBJ Library. Retrieved 20 July 2010. 9028: 8565: 4775: 4532: 4330: 3649: 3528: 3465: 2442: 2307: 2102: 1115:

in the Jordanian-ruled West Bank. Jordanian units that engaged the Israelis were quickly beaten back. King

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Bachmutsky, Roi. "Otherwise occupied: The legal status of the Gaza strip 50 years after the six-day war."

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Syrian inhabitants fled or were expelled from the territory, most of them pushed out by the Israeli army.

3516:

On the morning of 9 June, Israeli jets began carrying out dozens of sorties against Syrian positions from

2388:

Many of the Egyptian units remained intact and could have tried to prevent the Israelis from reaching the

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The Revelations of 1967: New Research on the Six Day War and Its Lessons for the Contemporary Middle East

11340: 8064:"Quigley, John. The Six-Day War and Israeli self-defense: questioning the legal basis for preventive war" 5759:

The Israeli Military and the Origins of the 1967 War: Government, Armed Forces and Defence Policy 1963–67

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As night fell, the Israeli assault troops lit flashlights, each battalion a different colour, to prevent

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consider them a provocation. The Israeli settlements in Gaza were evacuated in August 2005 as a part of

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Video Clip: Sandhurst military historian analysing how King Hussein became involved in the Six Day War.

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together with areas of the West Bank to the north and south into Jerusalem's new municipal boundaries.

4263: 3544:

al-Dib, with their ultimate objective being the fortress at Qala. Israeli casualties steadily mounted.

3540: 3380: 3091: 3017: 1744: 1529: 1107:(PLO) guerilla activity, including a mine attack that left three dead, the Israeli Defence Force (IDF) 1060: 954: 950: 677: 12511: 11815: 8711: 7148:"⁨15 _אזרחים נהרגו ו‭500" נפצעו בירושלים ⁩ — ⁨⁨דבר⁩ 7 יוני 1967⁩ — הספרייה הלאומית של ישראל │ עיתונים" 2524:

with air support. It was joined there by parts of Yoffe's division, while its other units blocked the

2043:

pieces. This arrangement was thought to be based on the Soviet doctrine, where mobile armour units at

17950: 17751: 17641: 17538: 17227: 17205: 17105: 17043: 16919: 16864: 16684: 15672: 15379: 14940: 14552: 14469: 14061: 13945: 13892: 13840: 13541: 13235: 12961: 12747: 12602: 11888: 11069:

Wars That Changed History: 50 of the World's Greatest Conflicts: 50 of the World's Greatest Conflicts

8669:"Distribution of the Palestinian Population And Jewish Settlers in the West Bank and Gaza Since 1967" 5823: 4531:

of 1978 and completed a staged withdrawal from the Sinai in 1982. However, the position of the other

4234: 3918: 3845:

America features prominently in Arab conspiracy theories purporting to explain the June 1967 defeat.

3765: 3453:, whose unbridled enthusiasm for and confidence in the operation may have eroded Dayan's reluctance. 2985: 2957: 2938: 2897: 2036: 1879: 1533: 1516: 1444: 1355: 1256: 1154: 1096: 926: 922: 802: 793: 50: 11119: 8739: 8118: 7147: 6776: 6246: 5478:

The Soviet-Israeli War, 1967–1973: The USSR's Military Intervention in the Egyptian-Israeli Conflict

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The Arab-Israeli Wars: War and Peace in the Middle East from the War of Independence through Lebanon

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resolved that there would be "no peace, no recognition and no negotiation with Israel". However, as

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ammunition, and the wounded were evacuated. By dawn, the Israelis had eight brigades in the sector.

3016:

campus. Gur's other battalions, the 71st and 28th captured the other Jordanian positions around the

1878:. The Egyptian defensive infrastructure was extremely poor, and no airfields were yet equipped with 1664: 17259: 16669: 16236: 15499: 15389: 15143: 14687: 13856: 13852: 13642: 13624: 13531: 13425: 12811: 12680: 12328: 10243: 8921: 4262:, the return of secular Jews to religious Judaism. The war gave impetus to a campaign in which the 3846: 3838: 3746: 3285: 2392:, or engaged in combat in the attempt to reach the canal. However, when the Egyptian Field Marshal 1852: 1341:. They also had 12 battalions of artillery, six batteries of 81 mm and 120 mm mortars, a 1000:

killed by Israeli strikes in the Sinai at the outset of the war, and 34 US personnel killed in the

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June 5, although it is difficult to believe. The end result was something that no one had planned.

2602:

opened fire on Egyptian shore batteries, while paratroopers and commandos boarded helicopters and

2172:, while a second force led by Gonen himself turned south and captured Bir Lahfan and Jabal Libni. 18036: 17986: 17981: 17912: 17831: 17616: 15899: 15844: 15829: 15769: 15577: 15557: 15317: 14994: 14599: 14123: 13898: 12926: 12547: 11693:

The Nassar And His Enemies: Foreign Policy Decision Making In Egypt On The Eve Of The Six Day War

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Israel was to gain almost total control of the West Bank by the evening of 7 June, and began its

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Brecher, Michael. (1996). Eban and Israeli foreign policy: Diplomacy, war and disengagement. In

8808: 6603:, pp. 114–115 (author interview with General Salahadeen Hadidi who presided over the first 6584: 6582: 4992: 3449:, on the other hand, was more open to the possibility, as was the head of the Northern Command, 3241:

was taken without any resistance. Fearful that Israeli soldiers would exact retribution for the

2477: 2407:, having learned of the results of the Israeli air strikes, decided together with Field Marshal 1989: 971:

On 5 June 1967, as the UNEF was in the process of leaving the zone, Israel launched a series of

17991: 17976: 17339: 16689: 16193: 15587: 15261: 14737: 14497: 14492: 14285: 14105: 14101: 13578: 13509: 13493: 13485: 12859: 12476: 12275:"As the Shock Wears Off; Arab World, Appraising Its Defeat, Is Split as It Gropes for Strategy" 10874:

The Decline of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: Middle East Politics and the Quest for Regional Order

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As Egyptian columns retreated, Israeli aircraft and artillery attacked them. Israeli jets used

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With the exceptions of Rafah and Khan Yunis, Israeli forces had initially avoided entering the

2082:, one of Israel's most prominent armour commanders, crossed the border at two points, opposite 1863:. Initially, both Egypt and Israel announced that they had been attacked by the other country. 1308: 16899: 12424: 11161: 10937: 9602: 9229: 8305:

Smith, Hedrick (15 September 1967). "Envoys Say Nasser Now Concedes U.S. Didn't Help Israel".

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The Terrorist Conjunction: The United States, the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, and Al-Qā'ida

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Militarization and State Power in the Arab–Israeli Conflict: Case Study of Israel, 1948–1982

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Following the war, Egypt initiated clashes along the Suez Canal in what became known as the

2975:. Gur's 66th paratroop battalion approached the fortified Police Academy. The Israelis used 17971: 17932: 17902: 17862: 17857: 17761: 17636: 17473: 16464: 16231: 16086: 16040: 15955: 15950: 15749: 15648: 15597: 15592: 15484: 15439: 15394: 15332: 15163: 15138: 15088: 15016: 14930: 14780: 14382: 14361: 14183: 14089: 13764: 13632: 13467: 13336: 13169: 13112: 13037: 13022: 12911: 12704: 11782:

Planning the Unthinkable: How New Powers Will Use Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Weapons

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Lords of the Land: The War over Israel's Settlements in the Occupied Territories, 1967-2007

7805: 5457: 4374: 3921: 3885: 3879: 3625: 3242: 3110:. Parallel to the brigade were infantrymen from the Imam Ali Brigade, who were approaching 3097: 2943: 2892: 2813: 2358: 1882:

capable of protecting Egypt's warplanes. Most of the Israeli warplanes headed out over the

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Video Clip: Analysis of Israel's Sinai Campaign in 1967 by Sandhurst military historian.

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The Six-Day War and Israeli Self-Defense: Questioning the Legal Basis for Preventive War

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to avoid hitting civilians, holy sites or the Old City. At 10:00 am on 5 June, the

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By sunset, the Israelis had taken the strategically vital Ali Muntar ridge, overlooking

1874:). All but 12 of its nearly 200 operational jets launched a mass attack against Egypt's 17927: 17907: 17867: 17783: 17766: 17741: 17548: 17359: 17349: 17329: 17299: 17274: 17063: 16859: 16844: 16769: 16749: 16744: 16729: 16576: 16324: 16076: 15960: 15714: 15617: 15602: 15514: 15504: 15479: 15474: 15239: 15193: 15108: 15093: 15036: 14852: 14775: 14651: 14542: 14532: 14171: 14127: 13995: 13378: 13228: 13067: 12956: 12350: 12027: 11730:; The Power Series. Motorbooks International Publishers & Wholesalers, Osceola, WI. 11590: 11474: 10990: 10684: 10664: 10628: 10533: 10050: 10002: 9769: 9718: 9531: 9404: 8581: 7786: 7120: 6203: 5500: 5304: 4947: 4642: Both Egypt and Israel announced that they had been attacked by the other country. 4548: 4528: 4492: 4463: 4402: 4398: 4113:

were from the city of Quneitra. According to more recent research by the Israeli daily

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Defending the Holy Land: A Critical Analysis of Israel's Security & Foreign Policy

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The 66th battalion subsequently drove east, and linked up with the Israeli enclave on

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transport aircraft and two helicopters. One Israeli jet was shot down by ground fire.

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were also killed. On the war's second day, 6 June, the Israelis were bolstered by the

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runs against planes parked on the ground, and bombing to disable runways with special

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The first and most critical move of the conflict was a surprise Israeli attack on the

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Legal Aspects: The Six Day War – June 1967 and Its Aftermath – Professor Gerald Adler

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Britain and the Conflict in the Middle East, 1964–1967: The Coming of the Six-Day War

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National Convention of the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies

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Wars, Internal Conflicts, and Political Order: A Jewish Democracy in the Middle East

8337: 7906: 7904: 7902: 7780: 4951: 3027:, which the Jordanians had abandoned due to heavy Israeli tank fire. The mechanized 2639:

These factors would prove to be decisive elements on Israel's other fronts as well.

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Video Clip: Military analysis of the attack on Jerusalem and the Jordanian defence.

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Islamic world and South Asia: Rise of Islamism and Terror, Causes and Consequences?

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Haddad, Yvonne. (1992). Islamists and the "Problem of Israel": The 1967 Awakening.

11480:

Analysis of the war and its aftermath, on the 50th anniversary of the June 1967 war

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gently sloping plain. This position later became the cease-fire line known as the "

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totalled 20 dead and over 1000 wounded. Some 900 buildings were damaged, including

2408: 2393: 1895: 1805: 1676: 1136: 930: 430: 408: 314: 7379: 4146:, Jews were expelled from Jerusalem and were effectively barred from visiting the 2610:

On 8 June, Israel completed the capture of the Sinai by sending infantry units to

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According to some accounts, during the Egyptian retreat from the Sinai, a unit of

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APCs and were equipped with some 300 modern Western tanks, 250 of which were U.S.

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Bar-Zohar, Michael 'The Reactions of Journalists to the Army's Murders of POWs',

7991: 7899: 7829: 7031: 6860: 6348: 6172: 6157: 5494: 5406:"UNEF I withdrawal (16 May - 17 June 1967) - SecGen report, addenda, corrigendum" 5267: 5198: 4699: 4685: 4370: 4198: 3720:

Speaking three weeks after the war ended, as he accepted an honorary degree from

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By 10 June, Israel had completed its final offensive in the Golan Heights, and a

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jets attacked the Jordanian 40th Brigade with rockets as it moved south from the

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Israel occupies a total of 70,000 km (27,000 sq mi) of territory:

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Further south, on 6 June, the Israeli 38th Armored Division under Major-General

980:. Simultaneously, the Israeli military launched a ground offensive into Egypt's 17877: 17716: 17611: 17606: 17573: 17563: 17553: 17523: 17448: 17438: 17319: 17247: 17142: 16884: 16809: 16799: 16794: 16654: 16394: 16183: 16106: 15834: 15739: 15489: 15429: 15061: 14979: 14882: 14842: 14812: 14712: 14667: 13477: 13451: 13320: 13148: 13143: 13117: 12951: 12662: 12638: 12016:

Pimlott, John. (1983). Middle East Conflicts: From 1945 to the Present. Orbis.

11110:. London: International Affairs and Defence Section, House of Commons Library. 9990: 9985:(2). Research Perspectives on the Arab–Israeli Conflict: A Symposium: 211–226. 8953: 8950:

Contested Mediterranean Spaces: The Case of Rachel's Tomb, Bethlehem, Palestine

8007:

Anticipatory Action in Self-Defence: Essence and Limits under International Law

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Mendoza, Terry; Hart, Rona; Herlitz, Lewis; Stone, John; Oboler, Andre (2007).

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people emigrated from the Gaza Strip to Egypt and elsewhere in the Arab world.

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51st Battalion took Tel 'Azzaziat, and Darbashiya also fell to Israeli forces.

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On the evening of 5 June, the Israeli Air Force attacked Syrian airfields. The

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and Lt-Gen. Sidqi Mahmoud, who were en route from al Maza to Bir Tamada in the

1680: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1574: 1508: 1419:, capable of inflicting heavy damage on Israeli military and civilian centres. 1350: 1300: 1264: 1140: 1027: 972: 937:, a port on the southeast tip of Israel) escalated in what became known as the 465: 124: 12456: 12445: 12434: 10680: 10046: 5536:

The Sinai Blunder: Withdrawal of the United Nations Emergency Force Leading...

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to open negotiations with King Hussein of Jordan regarding the Eastern border.

1926:

developed jointly with France, leaving surviving aircraft unable to take off.

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designed for close combat, while Syrian soldiers were armed with the heavier

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King Hussein has asked me to refer this matter to you for an immediate reply.

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States, Nations, and the Great Powers: The Sources of Regional War and Peace

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The Global Impact of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion: A Century-Old Myth

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following a fierce battle, severing the Old City from Bethlehem and Hebron.

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An Israeli gunboat passes through the Straits of Tiran near Sharm El Sheikh.

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Israeli reconnaissance forces from the "Shaked" unit in Sinai during the war

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provide a dynamic defense while infantry units engage in defensive battles.

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Lavoy, Peter R.; Sagan, Scott Douglas & Wirtz, James J. (Eds.) (2000).

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Jenkins, B. M. (1978). International terrorism: trends and potentialities.

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self-reliance that depended on terrorism as its primary political strategy.

7681: 6325: 6166:"Address at the State Department's Foreign Policy Conference for Educators" 5490: 4590: 4454: 4434:

and left open the possibility of Israel permanently acquiring parts of the

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were displaced from their homes. Most of them settled in Jordan. The other

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Israeli paratroopers flush out Jordanian soldiers from trenches during the

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Israeli forces concentrated on the border with Egypt included six armoured

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Peace Process: American Diplomacy and the Arab–Israeli Conflict Since 1967

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Peace Process: American Diplomacy and the Arab–Israeli Conflict Since 1967

6424: 6054:"Statement to the General Assembly by Foreign Minister Meir, 1 March 1957" 5591: 2148:

On 5 June, with the road open, Israeli forces continued advancing towards

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Chermak, Steven M. (2016). Chermak, Steven M; Freilich, Joshua D (eds.).

9333: 7098: 6178: 4779: 4663:, both Israel and Egypt claimed to be repelling an invasion by the other. 4544: 3859: 3667: 3566: 3446: 3396: 3385: 3261: 3257: 3234: 3111: 2980: 2861: 2832:

made a number of proposals for military action, including the capture of

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Liberation of the Temple Mount and Western Wall by Israel Defense Forces

11715:(Oxford Monographs in International Law). Oxford University Press, USA. 9889:

Traditions and Transitions in Israel Studies: Books on Israel, Volume VI

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of the heads of the air force and the air defence system after the war).

5824:"First United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF I) – Background (Full text)" 5792: 17468: 17385: 17380: 17309: 16638: 16349: 16319: 16273: 16188: 16156: 16148: 16091: 15779: 15494: 15183: 15071: 14677: 13904: 12825: 10324:

Naval Strategy and Power in the Mediterranean: Past, Present and Future

5379: 4657: 4516: 4431: 4309: 3949: 3790: 3698: 3536: 3473: 3215: 3086:. Joining up with the 4th Brigade, the Israelis then descended through 3039: 2672: 2582:

harbour, but found no ships there. A planned commando raid against the

2571: 2521: 2449: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2389: 2369: 2322: 2287: 2169: 2118: 2095: 2087: 2079: 1907: 1801: 1797: 1720: 1672: 1578: 1504: 1478: 1474: 1338: 1260: 1035: 953:. In the months prior to the outbreak of the Six-Day War in June 1967, 899: 326: 131: 15292: 12516: 11943:

Oren, Michael. (2006). "The Six-Day War", in Bar-On, Mordechai (ed.),

10751:

Rauschning, Dietrich; Wiesbrock, Katja; Lailach, Martin, eds. (1997).

10598:

Rethinking Nasserism: Revolution and Historical Memory in Modern Egypt

7455:

The Role of National Courts in Applying International Humanitarian Law

4201:, which was swept up in overwhelming support for Israel. According to 3615:

On the next day, 10 June, the central and northern groups joined in a

1345:

battalion trained in the new U.S.-built school and a new battalion of

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for failing to come to Jordan's aid, and "hiding behind UNEF skirts".

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Power of Legitimacy: Assessing the Role of Norms in Crisis Bargaining

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On 6 June, a minor Syrian force tried to capture the water plants at

3273: 3186: 3094:, through Jordanian defences at Mivtar, emerging at Ammunition Hill. 2926: 2781: 2685: 2611: 2579: 2551: 2525: 2346: 2214: 2040: 1875: 1600: 1482: 1326: 1240: 1229: 1023: 1018:

At the time of the cessation of hostilities, Israel had occupied the

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1967: Israel, the War, and the Year that Transformed the Middle East

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Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist–Arab Conflict, 1881–1998

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before being taken prisoner. Shayetet 13 commandos also infiltrated

2424: 1161:, a large-scale, surprise air strike that launched the Six-Day War. 17892: 17601: 17097: 16513: 16354: 16251: 16126: 15945: 15849: 14989: 14847: 14301: 11889:

Managing Water for Peace in the Middle East: Alternative Strategies

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Liberty Incident: The 1967 Israeli Attack on the U.S. Navy Spy Ship

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Six Days of War: June 1967 and the Making of the Modern Middle East

10535:

Six Days of War: June 1967 and the Making of the Modern Middle East

10176:. Israel Government Archives. ISA-PMO-PrimeMinisterBureau-000d0t9. 9960:

A Road Map to War: Territorial Dimensions of International Conflict

9928:

Palestinian Refugees: Mythology, Identity, and the Search for Peace

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Several tactical elements made the swift Israeli advance possible:

2334: 2206: 2083: 1919: 1855:. Operation Focus was mainly conducted using French built aircraft. 1724: 1699: 1695: 1382: 667:

20 Israeli civilians killed and 1000+ Israeli civilians injured in

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Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

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Protecting the Gulf of Aqaba. – A regional environmental challenge

12190:

Sandler, Deborah; Aldy, Emad & Al-Khoshman Mahmoud A. (1993).

11594:, Volume VI, February 1999, Number 3. Retrieved 30 September 2006. 8090: 7940: 5180: 4601:

Syrian towns and villages depopulated in the Arab–Israeli conflict

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The aftermath of the war is also of religious significance. Under

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Syria largely stayed out of the conflict for the first four days.

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Israel's Secret Wars: A History of Israel's Intelligence Services

8917:"Who are the Jewish groups entering the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound?" 8504: 7052:

Warriors for Jerusalem: the six days that changed the Middle East

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It was twenty minutes after the capture of the Western Wall that

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Most notably, the war stirred Zionist passions among Jews in the

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At the same time, the IDF's 4th Brigade attacked the fortress at

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A newsreel from 6 June about the first Israeli-Egyptian fighting.

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Rezun, Miron (1990). "Iran and Afghanistan." In A. Kapur (Ed.).

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Phoenix over the Nile: A history of Egyptian Air Power 1932–1994

10754:

Key Resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly 1946–1996

6576:, p. 99 (author interview with Moredechai Hod, 7 May 2002). 5867: 4059:

Thousands of Arabs were taken by bus from East Jerusalem to the

3832:

Allegations of military support from the US, UK and Soviet Union

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World War II-vintage Soviet self-propelled guns. Jordan used US

1218:

The Israeli army had a total strength, including reservists, of

1095:(UNEF) in the Sinai to ensure all parties would comply with the 16527: 16329: 16268: 15203: 13092: 13087: 12844: 12839: 12532:– Historic Live Broadcast on Voice of Israel Radio, 7 June 1967 11648:

Hammel, Eric (October 2002). "Sinai air strike: June 5, 1967".

11142:. Cairo: Al-Mu'asasa al-'Arabiya al-Haditha. No ISBN available. 10153:

Syria & Iran: Middle Powers in a Penetrated Regional System

9295: 9180:

The Rebbe: The Life and Afterlife of Menachem Mendel Schneerson

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surface-to-air missile batteries could bring down an aircraft.

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Philosophical perspectives on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict

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Video: Cease-Fire. Uneasy Truce In Mid-East, 1967/06/13 (1967)

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movement directed his male followers around the world to wear

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Silhouette of Israeli paratroops advancing on Ammunition Hill.

1325:

troops, 270 tanks, 200 artillery pieces) were deployed in the

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American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation

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Taking Sides: America's Secret Relations With Militant Israel

9719:"June 10, 1967 – Israeli paratroopers reach the Western Wall" 8979:

The Rise – and Rise – of French Jewry's Immigration to Israel

5370:, By Klaus Jürgen Gantzel, Torsten Schwinghammer, p. 253 4305: 3936:

Israel and the territories Israel occupied in the Six Day War

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Allegations of atrocities committed against Egyptian soldiers

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attacked thirteen Syrian positions, including the formidable

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in the Old City of Jerusalem after its fall to Israeli forces

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The foreign policies of Lyndon Johnson : beyond Vietnam

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Ben-Gurion, David. (1999). Ben-Gurion diary: May–June 1967.

9600: 8325: 8010:. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 147, 148. 6114:

The Gamble of War: Is it Possible to Justify Preventive War?

6056:. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs – The State of Israel. 5110: 3432:

Israelis debate whether the Golan Heights should be attacked

2772:

At 11:50 am, sixteen Jordanian Hawker Hunters attacked

1962:

and unable to break radio silence, was shot down by Israeli

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sounding all over Israel, the IAF launched Operation Focus (

1839: 1589:, M-52 105 mm self-propelled howitzer (used by Jordan) 943:

Egyptian closure of maritime passageways to Israeli shipping

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Getting It Right: CIA Analysis of the 1967 Arab-Israeli War

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From June to October: The Middle East Between 1967 And 1973

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The determined implementation of an innovative battle plan.

2032: 1946: 1760: 1630: 1458: 1454: 12407:". (September 7, 2000). Federation of American Scientists. 12245:

Arab Politics, Palestinian Nationalism and the Six Day War

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Six Days in June: How Israel Won the 1967 Arab–Israeli War

8999:"The 40th anniversary of the Six-Day War / Rate of return" 8427: 8415: 7686:

From War to War: The Arab–Israeli Confrontation, 1948–1967

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The Syrians bombarded Israeli civilian settlements in the

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ordered to proceed to Jerusalem's Arab suburbs and attack

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compound were also targeted. Jordanian forces shelled the

2175: 17007: 16987: 16982: 11101:"Developments in the Middle East Peace Process 1991–2000" 10919:

Lion of Jordan: The Life of King Hussein in War and Peace

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A History of Israel: From the Rise of Zionism to Our Time

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A History of Israel: From the Rise of Zionism to Our Time

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A History of Israel: From the Rise of Zionism to Our Time

9818: 9816: 9440:"Are Terrorists Really Rational? The Palestinian Example" 8776:"HMO Data Show Lebanon War Triggered Baby Boom in Israel" 8403: 8138: 7630: 7628: 7626: 7435: 7433: 7262: 7260: 7192: 7190: 7188: 6886: 6884: 6703: 6298: 5361: 4430:

The 19 June Israeli cabinet decision did not include the

3489: 1970:. Another was destroyed by an exploding Egyptian bomber. 1752: 1424: 1299:

and was deployed along the border with Israel. Professor

1185:

and instead surprised them from an unexpected direction.

1075:

On 22 May 1967, President Nasser addressed his pilots at

11799:. Australia: The Executive Council of Australian Jewry. 11601:. Center for International Affairs, Harvard University. 11162:

Eisenhower and Israel: U.S.–Israeli Relations, 1953–1960

10151:

Ehteshami, Anoushiravan; Hinnebusch, Raymond A. (1997).

9308:

The Normalization of War in Israeli Discourse, 1967–2008

9209: 9029:

Post-Soviet Aliyah and Jewish Demographic Transformation

7727: 7403: 7315: 7272: 7202: 7170: 6993: 6533:

The Case for Palestine: An International Law Perspective

5891: 5235: 5233: 5070: 5068: 5040: 5038: 5036: 5034: 5032: 3807: 3709:

of the Jordan River (including East Jerusalem), and the

3395:(the subject of a fierce escalation two years earlier), 12590: 11613:

Egyptian Forces On Full Alert: Ready to fight for Syria

11296:, Benjamin Frankel (ed.), pp. 104–117. Routledge. 10173:

Prime-Minister Levi Eshkol – His words and his writings

9685:(2017) 162:3, 40-48, DOI: 10.1080/03071847.2017.1353270 7751: 7749: 7747: 7393: 7391: 7389: 7339: 7337: 7335: 7333: 6971: 6969: 6871: 6869: 6832: 5691: 5689: 5581: 5254: 5252: 5250: 5248: 5170: 5168: 5166: 5164: 5162: 5100: 5098: 5019: 5017: 4543:

After the Israeli occupation of these territories, the

3602: 3512:

Israeli tanks advancing on the Golan Heights. June 1967

3500:

assault rifle, designed for combat in more open areas.

3101:

An Israeli airstrike near the Augusta-Victoria Hospital

2659: 2073: 1079:

in Sinai: "The Jews are threatening war—we say to them

12032:

The Lion's Gate: On the Front Lines of the Six Day War

9813: 9570: 9558: 9338:. Tomis Kapitan. Armonk, N.Y.: Routledge. p. 30. 8687: 8274: 8196:"Historians: Israeli troops killed many Egyptian POWs" 7928: 7916: 7887: 7703: 7691: 7623: 7584: 7553:

Hebron Jews: Memory and Conflict in the Land of Israel

7495: 7430: 7257: 7185: 6881: 6759: 6757: 6732: 6730: 6728: 6726: 6666: 6664: 6610: 6350:

Saudi Arabian Foreign Policy: Conflict and Cooperation

6269: 5879: 5672: 5670: 5561: 5559: 5055: 5053: 4967: 4965: 4879: 4324: 12784: 12156:, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Vol. 49 No. 1 9050:

The Miracle of '67: Forty Years Since the Six-Day War

8547: 8162: 6469: 6076: 6010: 5998: 5279: 5277: 5230: 5065: 5029: 4844: 4842: 4840: 4838: 4226:

trickle, was a significant force for the first time.

3948:

After following other Arab nations in declaring war,

3503: 12477:

All State Department documents related to the crisis

12060:

Case for Palestine: An International Law Perspective

11976:"USAF in the Sinai in the 1967 War: Fact or Fiction" 11355:

Scare Tactics: The politics of international rivalry

9840: 9828: 9582: 8960: 8756: 8313: 7761: 7744: 7715: 7507: 7418: 7386: 7330: 7245: 6966: 6923: 6911: 6866: 5686: 5245: 5159: 5095: 5014: 4735: 4707: 4693: 2703:

began shelling Israel. Two batteries of 155 mm

2274:

Israeli armor of the Six-Day War: pictured here the

2209:, a heavily fortified area defended by the Egyptian 1412:. Of particular concern to the Israelis were the 30 1329:, including the elite armoured 40th, and two in the 1126:

In May 1967, Nasser received false reports from the

27:

1967 war between Israel and Egypt, Jordan, and Syria

12355:

Defending Israel: A Controversial Plan Toward Peace

12301:, Alexander L. George, ed. Boulder: Westview Press. 11294:

A Restless Mind: Essays in Honor of Amos Perlmutter

10939:

The 1967 Arab–Israeli War: Origins and Consequences

10150: 9681:Asher Susser, "Fifty Years since the Six-Day War," 7555:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 82. 7356: 7354: 7352: 6820: 6754: 6742: 6723: 6676: 6661: 6639:, p. 396, says over 350 planes were destroyed. 6555: 6034: 5915: 5903: 5089: 5050: 4962: 2967:A combined force of tanks and paratroopers crossed 1906:cover and well below the lowest point at which its 1393:acting in an independent capacity. PAF pilots like 17707:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries 12425:The three soldiers – background to that photograph 12368: 11445:Image and Reality of the Israel–Palestine Conflict 10989: 10532: 10013: 9882: 9298:. Publication on Polish site of IPN: 25 July 2007. 8156: 8096: 8003: 7946: 7090: 7088: 7049: 6524: 6522: 6520: 6184: 5873: 5533:Major General Indar Jit Rikhye (28 October 2013). 4984: 4982: 4980: 4835: 4782:, "gave the order to go into action against Syria. 3898:vessel sailing 13 nautical miles (24 km) off 2235:men and 150 post-World War II tanks including the 1913:Although the powerful Jordanian radar facility at 1843:Israeli troops examine destroyed Egyptian aircraft 1270:On the eve of the war, Egypt massed approximately 13811: 12430:Six Day War Personal recollections & Timeline 12345:1347 Security Council MEETING : June 5, 1967 12262:. Institute for Research: Middle Eastern Policy. 9908:Six Days: How the 1967 War Shaped the Middle East 8593: 8309:. p. 1, col. 5, p. 3, col. 1. 6046: 5496:Six Days: How the 1967 War Shaped the Middle East 5213:Armour of the Middle East Wars 1948–78 (Vanguard) 4637: 4617: 3961:Exodus of Arabs from Israeli-occupied territories 3945:in an attempt to reclaim their lost territories. 3728:gave his reasoning behind the success of Israel: 1984: 1377:, were rebased adjacent to the Jordanian border. 17963: 16953:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States 12536:"How the USSR Planned to Destroy Israel in 1967" 12482:Letters from David Ben-Gurion on the Six-Day War 11751:The Six Day War: The Breaking of the Middle East 11522:Gerteiny, Alfred G. & Ziegler, Jean (2007). 10698:Zionism and the State of Israel: A Moral Inquiry 10014:Churchill, Randolph; Churchill, Winston (1967). 9774:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 9317:, Dalia Gavriely-Nuri, Lexington Books, page 107 8871:Jerusalem in the unholy grip of religious fervor 8460:"New revelations in attack on American spy ship" 8252:"Egypt Says Israelis Killed P.O.W.'s in '67 War" 8249: 7349: 6387:"Saudi Arabian Military Activity Against Israel" 6104: 5145:(Revised ed.). Vintage Books. p. 149. 3697:was signed the day after. Israel had seized the 3527:About two hours after the airstrikes began, the 2812:argued that this was an opportunity to take the 2722:By 10:30 am, Eshkol had sent a message via 15390:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972 14797:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences 12199:Asad: The Struggle for Peace in the Middle East 12088:Embattled Neighbors: Syria, Israel, and Lebanon 11945:Never-Ending Conflict: Israeli Military History 11940:, volume 10, number 2. (Subscription required). 11697:The Middle East Review of International Affairs 11197:Never-Ending Conflict: Israeli Military History 10634:Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness, 1948–1991 10561:(electronic ed.). New York: RosettaBooks. 9176: 7085: 6941: 6517: 5939: 5720:had fled from the Golan further into Syria, ... 5706: 5704: 5625: 5623: 5332: 5330: 5223: 5221: 4393:following the Six-Day War. From left to right: 4357:attacks with an international reach. While the 4106:Syrians fled the Golan Heights, of which about 3849:, a confidant of Nasser, claims that President 2868:was destroyed in an Israeli airstrike. Israeli 2684:One of the Jordanian brigades stationed in the 2635:The lack of coordination among Egyptian troops. 929:. Earlier, in 1956, regional tensions over the 12117:Diplomatic Ideas and Practices of Asian States 9976: 9756:. Archived from the original on 8 October 2022 8600:. University of California Press. p. 42. 8587: 8387:. 16 September 1983. p. 1. Archived from 7997: 7601: 7599: 6507:. Oxford, United Kingdom: Osprey. p. 44. 5933: 5749: 5456:Both USA and Israel officially attributed the 4460:United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 4274:(small leather boxes) during morning prayers. 3670:, 12 June 1967 (Address to Israeli Parliament) 3423:, four companies of heavy mortars, and dug-in 3164:United Nations Security Council Resolution 233 2121:railway junction in a little over four hours. 1519:. The Centurion was upgraded with the British 990:Israel had occupied the entire Sinai Peninsula 17737:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine 17184:Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine 17113: 14286: 13797: 13198: 12770: 12732: 12576: 11829:Republic of Fear: The Politics of Modern Iraq 11733:Koboril, Iwao and Glantz, Michael H. (1998). 11635:The international politics of the Middle East 11016:Tanks: An Illustrated History of Their Impact 10992:A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict 10594: 10578:The Politics of British Arms Sales Since 1964 10433:Palestine and Israel: The Uprising and Beyond 10413:Beyond Alliance: Israel and US Foreign Policy 8457: 8355: 8180:Fisher, Ronal 'Mass Murder in the 1956 War', 7934: 7922: 7574: 7572: 7056:. Linden Press/Simon & Schuster. p. 6346: 6196: 4638: 4618: 4363:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine 3139:sent a situation update at midday on 6 June: 709: 17029:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War 14580:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council 12544:(MERIA), Volume 7, Number 3 (September 2003) 12538:by Isabella Ginor. Published by the journal 12321:"Rethinking Israel's David-and-Goliath past" 12318: 12119:(pp. 9–25). Brill Academic Publishers. 12074:Palestine and Israel: A Challenge to Justice 11647: 11416: 10372:Heroes of Israel: Profiles of Jewish Courage 9866:Four Arab–Israeli Wars and the Peace Process 9856: 9694:Susser, "Fifty Years since the Six-Day War," 9177:Heilman, Samuel; Friedman, Menachem (2012). 8061: 7451: 7219: 7034:. Summary of remarks by Michael Oren at the 6318:"بطولات السعوديين حاضرة.. في الحروب العربية" 5701: 5620: 5489: 5327: 5218: 4729: 4389:Some of the attending heads of state at the 4284:Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries 3612:sixteen Israeli soldiers and wounding four. 2380:During the ground fighting, remnants of the 1103:with Egypt. Soon after this, in response to 955:tensions again became dangerously heightened 15890:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre 12541:Middle East Review of International Affairs 12299:Avoiding War: Problems of Crisis Management 11822:Transcript, Robert S. McNamara Oral History 11615:. The Times, p. 1; Issue 56943; col E. 11441: 11279:Modern Tunisia: A Democratic Apprenticeship 10935: 10807:(3rd ed.). New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 10580:. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 9957: 9183:. Princeton University Press. p. 184. 8541: 8530:As I Saw it: A Secretary of State's Memoirs 8445: 8433: 8421: 8409: 8343: 7605: 7596: 7290: 7047: 7011: 6987: 6795: 6287: 5258:Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2004). 5189:Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2008). 4917: 4915: 4802: 4713: 4527:Israel made peace with Egypt following the 4511:During the Six-Day War Israel captured the 3590:from 9 June about the war and UN reactions. 2668:to take control of the Jordanian military. 1937:Among the Egyptian planes lost were all 30 17120: 17106: 16993:United States involvement in regime change 14548:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine 14293: 14279: 14256:Israeli–Lebanese maritime border agreement 13804: 13790: 13205: 13191: 12777: 12763: 12739: 12725: 12583: 12569: 12194:. Environmental Law Institute. 0911937463. 11914:. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution. 11910:Nordeen, Lon & Nicole, David. (1996). 11705:The Regime of Straits in International Law 11405:. The American University in Cairo Press. 10936:Shlaim, Avi; Louis, William Roger (2012). 10595:Podeh, Elie; Winckler, Onn (Winter 2004). 10388: 10321: 9962:. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press. 9266:Włodzimierz Rozenbaum, CIAO: Intermarium, 9144:. New York University Press. p. 526. 8367: 8226:"Israel Reportedly Killed POWs in '67 War" 7869:"Six-Day War – Middle East [1967]" 7673: 7569: 7445: 6505:Panzerkampfwagen IV medium tank: 1936–1945 6164:(19 June 1967). See also Johnson, Lyndon. 5799:Rauschning, Wiesbrock & Lailach (1997) 5755: 5526: 2692:area in order to link with the Egyptians. 2676:9:00 am, Riad was ordered to attack. 2621:The surprise attack that quickly gave the 716: 702: 13966:UN Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 242 13940:UN General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution 194 12746: 12164:Israel and the American National Interest 10242:Available in multiple PDF files from the 9382: 8914: 7528:With Might and Strength: An Autobiography 7116:"The broom closet where history was made" 7041: 7036:Washington Institute for Near East Policy 6537:. London: Duke University Press. p. 6110: 4277: 3803:Controversies relating to the Six-Day War 2465:Learn how and when to remove this message 1810:Jeep-mounted 106 mm recoilless rifle 1179:Controversies relating to the Six-Day War 996:Arab forces air strikes on Jerusalem, 15 17997:1967 in the Israeli Military Governorate 17817:Coat of arms of the United Arab Republic 17747:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation 17712:Independence Party (Mandatory Palestine) 12308:. London: Allen Lane/The Penguin Press. 12240:. Islamabad: Pakistan Forum, pp 217–246. 10893:The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World 10667:(2005). "Air Power in the Six-Day War". 10575: 10429: 10127: 9788: 8988:Judy Maltz, 13 January 2015. haaretz.com 8346:, pp. 8, 53, 60, 75, 193, 199, 297. 8331: 7676:, pp. 105–115, citing Moshe Dayan, 7550: 6907:. Kinneret Zamora pavilion. p. 183. 6653:sfnp error: no target: CITEREFLong1984 ( 5710: 5472: 5470: 5464:as being due to mistaken identification. 5353: 5349: 5347: 5298: 5296: 5136: 5134: 4912: 4506: 4384: 4348: 3964: 3931: 3674: 3575: 3507: 3379: 3334: 3321: 3251: 3169: 3096: 2942: 2891: 2804:convened to decide on a plan of action, 2795: 2646: 2498: 2484: 2476: 2269: 2185: 2139: 1996: 1988: 1846: 1838: 1597:Makmat 160 mm self-propelled mortar 1070: 17692:Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction) 17677:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order 15119:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia) 13303:Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon 11820:Lyndon Baines Johnson Library. (1994). 11138:al-Qusi, Abdallah Ahmad Hamid. (1999). 10987: 10714: 10663: 10627: 10410: 10394:American Presidents and the Middle East 10225: 10094: 10061: 9607:. Transaction Publishers. p. 192. 9601:Itamar Rabinovich; Haim Shaked (1978). 9505: 9437: 9385:"Terrorism: The International Response" 9273: 9221: 9137: 9054:. www.wherewhatwhen.com. Archived from 8804: 8532:, W. W. Norton, 1990, pp. 386–388. 8517: 8373: 8280: 8045: 7025:The Six-Day War and Its Enduring Legacy 6935: 6838: 6636: 6616: 6528: 6475: 6340: 6304: 6275: 6229: 5988: 5945: 5885: 5848: 5676: 5565: 5174: 5044: 3869: 3535:, advanced into the Golan Heights from 3472:) in the northern part of the front at 3326:The Battle of Golan Heights, 9–10 June. 3005:overran that outpost in the afternoon. 2888:Jordanian battalion at Government House 2614:on the western coast of the peninsula. 2301: 2176:Mid-front (Abu-Ageila) Israeli division 2008:The Egyptian forces consisted of seven 1683:trainer outfitted for attack missions, 1609:AMX 105 mm self-propelled howitzer 1493:(ex-German vehicles all used by Syria) 1164: 14: 17964: 17687:Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction) 16963:Russian espionage in the United States 15235:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia 14248:Israel–Morocco normalization agreement 14238:Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement 12419:The Photograph: A Search for June 1967 12238:Unipolar World & The Muslim States 11973: 11194: 11118:. Research Paper 01/08. Archived from 11098: 11065: 11032: 11013: 10916: 10890: 10821: 10802: 10783: 10494: 10472: 10450: 10366: 10344: 10283: 10169: 10131:The Six Day War 1967: Jordan and Syria 10098:The Six Day War 1967: Jordan and Syria 9924: 9863: 9822: 9747: 9642: 9576: 9564: 9331: 9327: 9325: 9323: 9227: 8947: 8824:Great Souls: Six Who Changed a Century 8820: 8720:from the original on 27 September 2010 8693: 8553: 8492:"Six days of war, 40 years of secrecy" 8250:Ibrahim, Youssef (21 September 1995). 7893: 7855: 7709: 7697: 7664:, Section "The War: Day Five, June 9". 7634: 7617: 7590: 7578: 7501: 7489: 7439: 7293:"The Jordanians Attack West Jerusalem" 7266: 7196: 7097:, pp. 243–244: "In May–June 1967 7094: 6902: 6890: 6853:The Making of Modern Israel: 1948–1967 6801: 6693: 6691: 6632: 6379: 6353:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 183. 6082: 6028: 6016: 6004: 5952:. Sussex Academic Press. p. 118. 5810: 5695: 5661: 5336: 5283: 5239: 5140: 5104: 5074: 5023: 5004: 4865:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 299. 4860: 4380: 2707:cannons opened fire on the suburbs of 2590:On 7 June, Israel began its attack on 1091:, Egypt agreed to the stationing of a 1049:Egypt closed the Suez Canal until 1975 17101: 16958:Soviet espionage in the United States 15114:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966 14893:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution 14558:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 14274: 13785: 13212: 13186: 12758: 12720: 12564: 12272: 12211: 11747: 11178:Virginia Journal of International Law 10968: 10852: 10843: 10695: 10553: 10264: 10032: 9905: 9098: 9009:from the original on 10 November 2014 8929:from the original on 23 December 2023 8580:. 10 September 1991, re-broadcast on 8399:– via The Boston Globe Archive. 8319: 8304: 8292: 8168: 8144: 8004:Kinga Tibori Szabó (22 August 2011). 7910: 7811: 7661: 7646: 7525: 6600: 6591:, Section "The War: Day One, June 5". 6588: 6573: 6040: 5897: 5737:from the original on 8 September 2023 5467: 5400: 5398: 5396: 5394: 5392: 5344: 5302: 5293: 5131: 5125: 4971: 4924:International Review of the Red Cross 4921: 4438:. On 25–27 June, Israel incorporated 4129: 4000:remained. In the Golan Heights, over 3808:Preventative war vs war of aggression 2757:, killing fifteen civilians. Israeli 2671:Egyptian Field Marshal Amer used the 2574:harbour. The divers sank an Egyptian 2414: 1866:On 5 June at 7:45 Israeli time, with 1292:Syria's army had a total strength of 1208: 1008:in which Israeli air forces struck a 941:, when Israel invaded Egypt over the 697: 17127: 17034:Soviet Union–United States relations 15385:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China 14243:Israel–Sudan normalization agreement 13982:Israel–Syria disengagement agreement 13659:Southern Israel cross-border attacks 13571:Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel 13502:Iraqi missile attacks against Israel 12381:from the original on 13 October 2007 12285:from the original on 14 October 2007 12004:from the original on 10 October 2017 11845:. The University of Michigan Press. 11599:Israel's political-military doctrine 10871: 10527: 10302: 9846: 9834: 9588: 9260: 9215: 9080:from the original on 10 October 2017 9070:"American Jews rediscover orthodoxy" 8966: 8852:The "Status Quo" on the Temple Mount 8762: 8638:"Right of return: Palestinian dream" 8472:from the original on 11 October 2007 8262:from the original on 21 January 2017 8193: 7966:from the original on 23 January 2012 7767: 7755: 7738: 7721: 7513: 7424: 7412: 7397: 7343: 7324: 7278: 7251: 7213: 7179: 6999: 6975: 6929: 6917: 6875: 6826: 6783:from the original on 6 February 2012 6763: 6748: 6736: 6682: 6670: 6648: 6635:, p. 318, says 304 out of 419. 6631:, p. 176, says 282 out of 420. 6628: 6561: 6439: 6060:from the original on 13 October 2007 5921: 5909: 5584:"Six Day War Comprehensive Timeline" 5434: 5059: 4988: 4897:from the original on 23 October 2018 4848: 4803:Krauthammer, Charles (18 May 2007). 4611: 3603:Israeli attack: second day (10 June) 2820:decided to defer any decision until 2660:Egyptian control of Jordanian forces 2447:adding citations to reliable sources 2418: 2375: 2074:Northern (El Arish) Israeli division 1333:. They possessed sizable numbers of 686:17 Soviet Marines killed (allegedly) 17727:National Liberation Front (Algeria) 16998:Soviet involvement in regime change 12687:Israeli operation in the Gaza Strip 12592:Wars and conflicts involving Israel 11899:. United Nations University Press. 11876:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 11737:. United Nations University Press. 11620:100 Years of Air Power and Aviation 11581:, Vol. 46, No. 2, pp. 266–285. 11541:. McNally & Loftin Publishers. 11323:Israel's Wars: A History Since 1947 10192: 9801:from the original on 31 August 2013 9320: 9248:from the original on 1 January 2016 8786:from the original on 8 October 2017 8614:from the original on 1 January 2016 8024:from the original on 1 January 2016 7875:from the original on 1 October 2016 7649:, Section "Damascus and Jerusalem". 6688: 6409: 6094: 5966:from the original on 1 January 2016 5864:, Straight Arrow Books. p. 145 5476:Ginor, Isabella and Remez, Gideon: 5261:Background on Israeli POWs and MIAs 4730: 4703: 4689: 4336: 4325:Antisemitism in Communist countries 4242:Soviet Jews were granted exit visas 3654:Israeli occupation of the West Bank 3151:2. To vacate the West Bank tonight. 2932: 2839: 2679: 2481:The capture of Sinai. 7–8 June 1967 2135: 2058:brigades, giving a total of around 1993:The capture of Sinai. 5–6 June 1967 1835:Order of battle for the Six-Day War 24: 17667:Arab Socialist Union Party (Syria) 17189:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine 17039:Soviet Union–United States summits 14513:1947 Polish parliamentary election 14398:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states 14233:Israel–UAE normalization agreement 14124:Beirut Summit and peace initiative 12977:Palestinian Popular Struggle Front 12506:Status of Jerusalem: Legal Aspects 12201:. University of California Press. 12104:. University of California Press. 11974:Parker, Richard B. (August 1997). 11831:. University of California Press. 11565:Wars and Peace Treaties, 1816–1991 11131: 10651:from the original on 20 March 2023 10515:from the original on 17 April 2023 10436:. University of California Press. 9979:The Journal of Conflict Resolution 9716: 9270:, Atlanta, Ga., 8–11 October 1975. 8157:Bar-On, Morris & Golani (2002) 7833:. 1 September 1967. Archived from 7814:, Section "Playing for the Brink". 6942:Mubasher, Abdou (7–13 June 2007). 6324:. 17 November 2019. Archived from 6257:from the original on 17 March 2020 6117:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 25. 5830:from the original on 8 August 2016 5389: 5384:Wars in the Third World since 1945 5368:Warfare since the Second World War 4863:Wars in the Third World Since 1945 3504:Israeli attack: first day (9 June) 2997:due to Jordanian sniper fire from 2844:Shortly before 12:30 pm, the 2625:complete air superiority over the 2570:naval commando unit to infiltrate 1924:tarmac-shredding penetration bombs 1817: 1397:shot down several Israeli planes. 1358:consisted of only 24 British-made 963:. In May 1967, Egyptian president 25: 18073: 17732:Palestine Liberation Organization 15800:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency 15735:United States invasion of Grenada 15005:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence 14946:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania 12412: 11611:Herbert, Nicholas (17 May 1967). 11429:from the original on 1 March 2012 10180:from the original on 12 June 2018 9748:Silver, Eric (16 February 2006). 9729:from the original on 29 June 2011 9291:Institute of National Remembrance 8915:Al Tahhan, Zena (12 April 2023). 7960:"Egypt State Information Service" 7128:from the original on 11 June 2022 5416:from the original on 11 July 2020 5090:Ehteshami & Hinnebusch (1997) 4823:from the original on 24 July 2019 4359:Palestine Liberation Organization 3781:Casualties were also suffered by 3539:. Its advance was spearheaded by 3272:On 7 June, Israeli forces seized 3264:, and Chief of Staff Lt. General 1822: 1105:Palestine Liberation Organisation 17946: 17945: 17672:Arabian Peninsula People's Union 17355:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict 15875:United States invasion of Panama 15725:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War 15365:1971 Turkish military memorandum 15328:Communist insurgency in Thailand 15298:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 15230:Communist insurgency in Malaysia 15057:Assassination of John F. Kennedy 14985:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation 14503:Restatement of Policy on Germany 14162:Agreement on Movement and Access 12548:Position of Arab forces May 1967 12166:. University of Illinois Press. 11960:The Six-day War: A Retrospective 11768:from the original on 17 May 2024 11462:from the original on 17 May 2024 11086:from the original on 17 May 2024 11053:from the original on 17 May 2024 10956:from the original on 17 May 2024 10771:from the original on 17 May 2024 10738:from the original on 17 May 2024 10669:The Journal of Strategic Studies 10615:from the original on 17 May 2024 10213:from the original on 17 May 2024 10115:from the original on 17 May 2024 10082:from the original on 17 May 2024 9945:from the original on 17 May 2024 9910:. London: Simon & Schuster. 9782: 9741: 9710: 9697: 9688: 9675: 9663:from the original on 17 May 2024 9636: 9621:from the original on 17 May 2024 9594: 9542:from the original on 17 May 2024 9499: 9494:Journal of International Affairs 9486: 9470:from the original on 17 May 2024 9431: 9415:from the original on 8 June 2022 9376: 9360:from the original on 17 May 2024 9301: 9197:from the original on 17 May 2024 9170: 9158:from the original on 17 May 2024 9131: 9119:from the original on 17 May 2024 9092: 9062: 9040: 9021: 8991: 8972: 8941: 8908: 8889: 8864: 8845: 8814: 8768: 8732: 8699: 8661: 8648:from the original on 12 May 2011 8630: 8559: 8511: 8484: 8458:John Crewdson (2 October 2007). 8451: 8298: 8243: 8218: 8206:from the original on 8 June 2022 8187: 8174: 8125: 8108: 8102: 8097:Churchill & Churchill (1967) 8078:from the original on 17 May 2024 8055: 8039: 7985:UN Security Council meeting 1347 7978: 7952: 7947:Churchill & Churchill (1967) 7861: 7849: 7817: 7793:from the original on 8 June 2013 7773: 7667: 7611: 7544: 7519: 7472:from the original on 17 May 2024 7378:. 2 January 2014. Archived from 7368: 7284: 7229:. United Nations. Archived from 7158:from the original on 17 May 2024 7140: 7108: 6896: 6863:, Polity Press, 2013 p. 181 6844: 6711:from the original on 11 May 2011 6367:from the original on 17 May 2024 6211:from the original on 6 July 2018 6185:Churchill & Churchill (1967) 6151:LBJ Pledges U.S. to Peace Effort 6131:from the original on 17 May 2024 5874:Churchill & Churchill (1967) 5776:from the original on 17 May 2024 5643:from the original on 12 May 2011 5141:Herzog, Chaim (1 January 1984). 4763: 4753: 4743: 4554:Israel's disengagement from Gaza 4495:. In the summer of 2005, Israel 3912:United States Secretary of State 3796: 3317: 3125: 2423: 2156:8:00 am. Company commander 1605:Obusier de 155 mm Modèle 50 1311:included 11 brigades, totalling 517: 505: 494: 482: 470: 459: 447: 435: 424: 413: 402: 389: 375: 364: 353: 342: 331: 320: 308: 296: 285: 274: 263: 251: 229: 213: 200: 186: 172: 156: 57: 17315:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état 16595:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 15976:Dissolution of the Soviet Union 15905:Fall of the inner German border 15805:1988 Black Sea bumping incident 15455:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks 15445:Spanish transition to democracy 15405:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency 15032:Communist insurgency in Sarawak 14538:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 14419:Occupation of the Baltic states 14196:Israeli–Palestinian peace talks 14190:Israeli–Palestinian peace talks 14158:Israeli disengagement from Gaza 13363:Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114 13244:Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency 13002:Syrian Social Nationalist Party 12343:United Nations (1967, 5 June). 12273:Smith, Hedrick (15 June 1967). 11962:. University Press of Florida. 11874:Israel's Border Wars, 1949–1956 11748:Laron, Guy (21 February 2017). 11637:. Manchester University Press. 11633:Hinnebusch, Raymond A. (2003). 11265:International Law: A Dictionary 11195:Bar-On, Mordechai, ed. (2006). 11165:, University Press of Florida. 11147:Arab–Israeli Air Wars 1947–1982 11099:Youngs, Tim (24 January 2001). 10601:. University Press of Florida. 10128:——— (2013a). 10035:Review of International Studies 9868:. London: The MacMillan Press. 9750:"David Rubinger in the picture" 9138:Hundert, Gershon David (1991). 9102:The Baal Teshuva Survival Guide 7530:. Toby Press LLC. p. 281. 7376:"Memories from Ammunition Hill" 6769: 6622: 6594: 6567: 6497: 6481: 6447:"Eagle Biography – Saiful Azam" 6310: 6281: 6239: 6190: 6143: 6022: 5982: 5854: 5842: 5816: 5756:Ami Gluska (12 February 2007). 5723: 5655: 5575: 5483: 5450: 5440: 5428: 5373: 5205: 4957:contradict new military orders. 4679: 4481:United Nations Security Council 4139:, which lasted for four years. 3778:and 591 Syrians were captured. 3293:and the southern slopes of the 2880:missile developed jointly with 2852:Israeli aircraft also attacked 2434:needs additional citations for 1267:to the north of the West Bank. 1228:Against Jordan's forces on the 723: 665:killed (14 Indian, 1 Brazilian) 17757:Union of Arab Republics (1972) 17519:Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz 15375:Four Power Agreement on Berlin 15010:Mozambican War of Independence 14449:Indonesian National Revolution 13835:McMahon–Hussein Correspondence 13651:Palestinian militancy campaign 11995:10.1525/jps.1997.27.1.00p0164l 11947:. Greenwood Publishing Group. 11859:. Cambridge University Press. 11551:Chapter 21: Nasser's Challenge 11526:. Greenwood Publishing Group. 11497:. Princeton University Press. 11399:El-Gamasy, Mohamed Abdel Ghani 11281:. Greenwood Publishing Group. 11263:Boczek, Boleslaw Adam (2005). 10942:. Cambridge University Press. 10895:. W. W. Norton & Company. 10757:. Cambridge University Press. 10724:. Cambridge University Press. 10501:. Cambridge University Press. 10248:Combined Arms Research Library 10199:. Greenwood Publishing Group. 9789:Urquhart, Conal (6 May 2007). 9703:Idith Zertal and Akiva Eldar, 8381:"McNamara: US Near War in '67" 8194:Laub, Karin (16 August 1995). 7452:Sharon Weill (February 2014), 6804:Soldiers, Spies, and Statesmen 6699:"Part 4: The 1967 Six Day War" 5309:. Heinemann-Raintree. p. 4854: 4796: 4470:were tantamount to surrender. 4391:Arab League Summit in Khartoum 4150:, despite Article VIII of the 3787:United Nations Emergency Force 3144:to you the following choices: 3065:From the American Colony, the 2306:Further south, on 5 June, the 1985:Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula 1973:The attack guaranteed Israeli 1119:criticized Egyptian President 1093:United Nations Emergency Force 947:United Nations Emergency Force 688:413,000 Palestinians displaced 625:9,800–15,000 killed or missing 13: 1: 16973:CIA and the Cultural Cold War 15988:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia 15941:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident 15663:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts 15628:Seven Days to the River Rhine 15360:Corrective Revolution (Egypt) 14647:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état 14575:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état 13923:American trusteeship proposal 12992:Popular Resistance Committees 12491:Shapell Manuscript Foundation 12306:Nasser: A Political Biography 11735:Central Eurasian Water Crisis 11699:. Volume 9, No. 2, Article 2. 11357:. Syracuse University Press. 11353:Colaresi, Michael P. (2005). 11217:. New York University Press. 10788:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 10415:. Columbia University Press. 10305:Arafat, A political biography 9891:. SUNY Press. pp. 3–42. 9234:. Pascal Press. p. 390. 9052:(Rabbi Moshe Goldstein) 2007" 8566:"War and its Legacy: Amos Oz" 7227:"United Nations June 5, 1967" 6197:Reston, James (24 May 1967). 4606: 4290:Jewish exodus from Arab lands 3759: 3643: 3372:and MiG-17 fighters, and two 2964:encircled it from the north. 2550:based on a Soviet warship in 2101:Tal's advance was led by the 2035:in the Sinai, backed by 1100 1968:Negev Nuclear Research Center 1054: 17702:Federation of Arab Republics 17662:Arab Socialist Union (Libya) 17652:Arab Socialist Union (Egypt) 17253:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 17201:Arab separatism in Khuzestan 15966:Fall of communism in Albania 15936:Mongolian Revolution of 1990 15885:Polish Round Table Agreement 15225:1968 Polish political crisis 15042:Eritrean War of Independence 14808:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 14703:East German uprising of 1953 14635:Chinese Communist Revolution 14300: 12319:Tolan, Sandy (4 June 2007). 12304:Stephens, Robert H. (1971). 12090:. Lynne Rienner Publishers. 11983:Journal of Palestine Studies 11886:Murakami, Masahiro. (1995). 11784:. Cornell University Press. 11549:. Chapter available online: 11490:(3 parts, each about 30 min) 11442:Finkelstein, Norman (2003). 11417:Feron, James (13 May 1967). 10996:. Indiana University Press. 10846:A Red Sheet: the Six Day War 10374:. Little Brown and Company. 10322:Hattendorf, John B. (2000). 10307:. Indiana University Press. 10018:. Houghton Mifflin Company. 9931:. Lynne Rienner Publishers. 9707:(Nation Books, 2007), ch. 1. 9512:. Routledge. pp. 5–13. 9141:Essential Papers on Hasidism 5934:Burrowes & Muzzio (1972) 4789: 4502: 4497:withdrew all military forces 4371:massacre of Israeli athletes 4331:1968 Polish political crisis 4010:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 3927: 3650:Israeli Military Governorate 3384:People in a bomb shelter at 3090:and the site of what is now 2642: 2228:men. The Israelis had about 2024:. Overall, Egypt had around 2001:People in a bomb shelter at 1727:mobile anti-aircraft cannon 1067:Waiting period (Six-Day War) 986:Egyptian-occupied Gaza Strip 32:Six Day War (disambiguation) 7: 17827:Flag of the Arab Federation 17657:Arab Socialist Union (Iraq) 17647:Arab Socialist Action Party 15840:Korean Air Lines Flight 007 15568:Korean Air Lines Flight 902 15313:Corrective Movement (Syria) 15277:New People's Army rebellion 15272:Sino-Soviet border conflict 15000:Angolan War of Independence 14863:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis 14743:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état 14388:Jamaican political conflict 13520:Palestinian suicide attacks 12472:Encyclopaedia of the Orient 12377:. 9 June 1967. p. 17. 12044:Quandt, William B. (2005). 11958:Parker, Richard B. (1996). 11665:Egypt: Politics and Society 11597:Handel, Michael I. (1973). 11507:Gerner, Deborah J. (1994). 11493:Gelpi, Christopher (2002). 11386:Abba Eban: An Autobiography 11341:Manchester University Press 11066:Tucker, Spencer C. (2015). 11033:Tucker, Spencer C. (2010). 11014:Tucker, Spencer C. (2004). 10539:. Oxford University Press. 10480:. New York: Vintage Books. 10352:. Arms & Armour Press. 10269:. William Morrow & Co. 10226:Gawrych, George W. (2000). 10065:The Six Day War 1967: Sinai 9456:10.1016/j.orbis.2004.04.001 8827:. Lexington Books. p. 8356:Podeh & Winckler (2004) 7935:Podeh & Winckler (2004) 7923:Podeh & Winckler (2004) 5862:History of the Israeli Army 5306:Arab–Israeli War Since 1948 5192:The Six-Day War (June 1967) 4736: 4708: 4694: 4690:מִלְחֶמֶת שֵׁשֶׁת הַיָּמִים 4559: 2979:to blast their way through 2763:Hadassah Ein Kerem Hospital 2325:. Israeli Defense Minister 2221:tank destroyers, and about 2182:Battle of Abu-Ageila (1967) 1808:anti-tank infantry weapon, 1593:M50 self-propelled howitzer 1449:Egypt, Syria and Iraq used 1263:which was stationed in the 654:Hundreds of tanks destroyed 10: 18078: 18062:June 1967 events in Africa 17798:On the Way of Resurrection 17791:The Battle for One Destiny 17722:Lebanese National Movement 17163:Third International Theory 16036:Sino-Indian border dispute 15865:First Nagorno-Karabakh War 15795:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 15553:1976 Argentine coup d'état 15465:Turkish invasion of Cyprus 15415:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état 15099:1964 Brazilian coup d'état 15067:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 14756:First Taiwan Strait Crisis 14523:Asian Relations Conference 14096:Sharm El Sheikh Memorandum 14084:Beilin–Abu Mazen agreement 14078:Israel–Jordan peace treaty 14010:Palestinian autonomy talks 12651:Second invasion of Lebanon 12236:. In Kaniz F. Yusuf (Ed.) 12143:Robarge, David S. (2007). 12129:Rikhye, Indar Jit (1980). 11855:Miller, Benjamin. (2007). 11677:Hussein of Jordan (1969). 11277:Borowiec, Andrew. (1998). 11248:Bober, Arie (ed.) (1972). 10822:Sachar, Howard M. (2013). 10803:Sachar, Howard M. (2007). 10784:Sachar, Howard M. (1976). 10265:Green, Stephen J. (1984). 9991:10.1177/002200277201600206 9649:. Routledge. p. 133. 8594:William B. Quandt (2001). 7825:"A Campaign for the Books" 7458:, OUP Oxford, p. 19, 6903:Gavish, Yeshayahu (2016). 6393:. May 1978. Archived from 5762:. Routledge. p. 152. 5612:: CS1 maint: postscript ( 4587:, Israeli Foreign Minister 4281: 4194:, also became accessible. 3972: 3877: 3811: 3800: 3763: 3689:from 13 June about the war 3647: 2936: 2558:During the offensive, the 2179: 1966:after it strayed over the 1880:hardened aircraft shelters 1832: 1826: 1481:, and M48A1 Patton tanks. 1427:, were of Israeli origin. 1400: 1064: 1061:Origins of the Six-Day War 1058: 29: 17941: 17850: 17807: 17775: 17752:Unified Political Command 17642:Arab Nationalist Movement 17587: 17539:Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi 17399: 17368: 17335:1969 Sudanese coup d'état 17206:1979 Khuzestan insurgency 17171: 17135: 17072: 17021: 16943: 16920:William Appleman Williams 16865:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. 16647: 16619: 16568: 16500: 16493: 16427: 16292: 16217: 16147: 16140: 16049: 15996: 15928: 15641: 15380:Bangladesh Liberation War 15370:1971 Sudanese coup d'état 15285: 15257:1969 Sudanese coup d'état 15245:1968 Peruvian coup d'état 14908: 14683:Arab Cold War (1952–1979) 14660: 14370: 14308: 14210: 14053: 14006:Egypt–Israel peace treaty 13931: 13863:Faisal–Weizmann agreement 13820: 13781: 13554: 13417: 13262: 13220: 13182: 13157: 13136: 13080: 13010: 12897:al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades 12879: 12872: 12802: 12754: 12653:/First Lebanon War (1982) 12645:First invasion of Lebanon 12598: 12557:. Retrieved 22 July 2014. 12508:. Retrieved 22 July 2014. 12497:. Retrieved 17 July 2010. 12421:. Retrieved 17 July 2010. 12247:. Sussex Academic Press. 12086:Rabil, Robert G. (2003). 12076:. Duke University Press. 12072:Quigley, John B. (1990). 12062:. Duke University Press. 12058:Quigley, John B. (2005). 11754:. Yale University Press. 11537:Gilbert, Martin. (2008). 10988:Tessler, Mark A. (1994). 10681:10.1080/01402390500137382 10495:Mutawi, Samir A. (2002). 10411:Mansour, Camille (1994). 10396:. Duke University Press. 10252:CSI Publications in parts 10134:. Bloomsbury Publishing. 10101:. Bloomsbury Publishing. 10068:. Bloomsbury Publishing. 10047:10.1017/S0260210500113415 9857:General and cited sources 8782:. Reuters. 6 March 2007. 8745:19 September 2010 at the 8542:Brams & Togman (1998) 8446:Shlaim & Louis (2012) 8434:Shlaim & Louis (2012) 8422:Shlaim & Louis (2012) 8410:Shlaim & Louis (2012) 8344:Shlaim & Louis (2012) 7606:Shlaim & Louis (2012) 7551:Auerbach, Jerold (2009). 7297:Pacifica Military History 7012:Shlaim & Louis (2012) 6988:Shlaim & Louis (2012) 6806:. Verso. pp. 83–84. 6288:Shlaim & Louis (2012) 6111:Colonomos, Ariel (2013). 5227:El Gamasy 1993 p. 79 4936:10.1017/s1816383107001142 4805:"Prelude to the Six Days" 4573:, Syrian Defense Minister 4479:On 22 November 1967, the 4413:of Iraq, 2 September 1967 4365:emerged, with its leader 4251:immigrated to Israel and 4074:return. In practice only 3919:Chief of Naval Operations 3766:Israeli casualties of war 2958:55th Paratroopers Brigade 2939:Battle of Ammunition Hill 2898:Battle of Ammunition Hill 2769:-made windows destroyed. 2359:35th Paratroopers Brigade 1949:fighter-bombers, over 90 1517:M32 tank recovery vehicle 1438: 1435: 1432: 1356:Royal Jordanian Air Force 1257:55th Paratroopers Brigade 1213: 1188:James Reston, writing in 1155:National Unity Government 1097:1949 Armistice Agreements 925:signed at the end of the 923:1949 Armistice Agreements 733: 660: 599: 530: 243: 148: 67: 56: 48: 43: 18032:June 1967 events in Asia 17260:1952 Egyptian revolution 15695:1980 Turkish coup d'état 15530:Cambodian–Vietnamese War 15500:1978 Somali coup attempt 15460:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War 15425:1973 Chilean coup d'état 15250:Revolutionary Government 15144:South African Border War 14936:1960 Turkish coup d'état 14853:Iraqi 14 July Revolution 14708:1953 Iranian coup d'état 14688:1952 Egyptian revolution 14045:Israel–Lebanon agreement 13857:Anglo-French Declaration 13853:Declaration to the Seven 13426:Misgav Am hostage crisis 12180:. Universal Publishers. 11710:22 December 2022 at the 11702:Jia, Bing Bing. (1998). 11563:Goldstein, Erik (1992). 11335:Christie, Hazel (1999). 11308:Israel's Wars, 1947–1993 11159:Alteras, Isaac. (1993). 10430:McDowall, David (1991). 10288:. Simon & Schuster. 10244:Combat Studies Institute 9383:Wilkinson, Paul (1978). 9231:Excel HSC Modern History 8876:16 November 2014 at the 8857:14 November 2014 at the 7913:, Section "Aftershocks". 7030:16 February 2006 at the 6171:27 December 2016 at the 5813:, pp. 504, 507–508. 5515:UNRWA put the figure at 5266:22 February 2007 at the 4333:and the following year. 4302:pogrom in Tripoli, Libya 4152:1949 Armistice Agreement 3943:launch an attack in 1973 3847:Mohamed Hassanein Heikal 3078:after a brief skirmish. 2396:heard about the fall of 1853:Israeli Air Force Museum 1745:Port Said submachine gun 1657:used by Jordan and Iraq 1370:– the IAF's best plane. 1232:, Israel deployed about 1101:mutual defence agreement 17913:Palestinian nationalism 17832:Flag of the Arab Revolt 17325:1966 Syrian coup d'état 17305:1963 Syrian coup d'état 17285:1961 Syrian coup d'état 15900:Fall of the Berlin Wall 15845:People Power Revolution 15830:Central American crisis 15770:1986 Black Sea incident 15420:1973 Afghan coup d'état 15318:Western Sahara conflict 15129:1966 Syrian coup d'état 15052:1963 Syrian coup d'état 14995:Portuguese Colonial War 14958:First Iraqi–Kurdish War 14723:1954 Syrian coup d'état 14600:Annexation of Hyderabad 14543:1947–1949 Palestine war 13737:Israel–Palestine crisis 13588:Bringing Home the Goods 12927:Guardians of the Cedars 12699:Israel–Palestine crisis 12522:10 October 2017 at the 12243:Shemesh, Moshe (2008). 12230:Shafqat, Saeed (2004). 12197:Seale, Patrick (1988). 12100:Rabin, Yitzhak (1996). 11925:Oren, Michael. (2005). 11726:Katz, Samuel M. (1991) 11618:Higham, Robin. (2003). 11367:Cristol, A Jay (2002). 11321:Bregman, Ahron (2002). 11306:Bregman, Ahron (2000). 11199:. Bloomsbury Academic. 10696:Prior, Michael (1999). 10637:. U of Nebraska Press. 10576:Phythian, Mark (2001). 10257:2 December 2010 at the 10095:Dunstan, Simon (2013). 10062:Dunstan, Simon (2012). 9925:Bowker, Robert (2003). 9864:Bailey, Sydney (1990). 9643:Webman, Esther (2011). 9509:Transnational Terrorism 9285:28 October 2012 at the 9228:Ringer, Ronald (2006). 9034:5 November 2013 at the 8712:Encyclopædia Britannica 8498:10 October 2017 at the 6503:Perrett, Bryan (1999). 6187:, pp. 52 & 77. 5946:Shemesh, Moshe (2007). 5211:Zaloga, Steven (1981). 5128:, pp. 82, 175–191. 4891:Office of the Historian 4887:"Milestones: 1961–1968" 4740:, 'War of 1967' 4566:1967 Palestinian exodus 4549:large settlement effort 4407:Sabah Al-Salim Al-Sabah 3975:1967 Palestinian exodus 3896:electronic intelligence 3745:In Egypt, according to 3419:with two battalions of 1851:Dassault Mirage at the 1318:troops. Nine brigades ( 1013:technical research ship 656:452+ aircraft destroyed 542:250–300 combat aircraft 17340:1969 Libyan revolution 17218:1941 Iraqi coup d'état 16194:Neoclassical economics 15705:Gulf of Sidra incident 15262:1969 Libyan revolution 14953:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 14738:1954 Geneva Conference 14498:Turkish straits crisis 14493:Corfu Channel incident 14154:Sharm El Sheikh Summit 14074:Gaza–Jericho Agreement 13956:Tripartite Declaration 13579:Ain es Saheb airstrike 13460:South Lebanon conflict 12657:South Lebanon conflict 12487:24 August 2013 at the 12357:. Thomas Dunne Books. 12176:Sadeh, Eligar (1997). 11827:Makiya, Kanan (1998). 11681:. London: Peter Owen. 11586:The Israel-Syria Track 11213:Barzilai, Gad (1996). 11145:Aloni, Shlomo (2001). 11140:Al-Wisam fi at-Ta'rikh 10872:Sela, Avraham (1997). 10857:. Metropolitan Books. 10498:Jordan in the 1967 War 9906:Bowen, Jeremy (2003). 9723:The Digital Journalist 9105:. Rossi Publications. 8984:8 October 2017 at the 8896:Cave of the Patriarchs 8861:November–December 2014 8821:Aikman, David (1998). 7526:Goren, Shlomo (2016). 6859:1 January 2016 at the 6802:Kandil, Hazem (2014). 6651:, p. 19, Table 1. 6529:Quigley, John (2005). 6347:Neil Partrick (2016). 4695:Milḥemet Šešet HaYamim 4524: 4428: 4414: 4322: 4278:Jews in Arab countries 4176:Cave of the Patriarchs 4090: 4008:citizenship. See also 3970: 3937: 3902:(just outside Egypt's 3735: 3690: 3663: 3591: 3513: 3413: 3388: 3327: 3315: 3269: 3210:, which were shelling 3198: 3160: 3102: 2948: 2901: 2656: 2504: 2496: 2482: 2278: 2198: 2145: 2005: 1994: 1941:bombers, 27 out of 40 1856: 1844: 1769:B-11 recoilless rifles 1665:Dassault Super Mystère 1309:Jordanian Armed Forces 1150: 1084: 927:First Arab–Israeli War 892:Third Arab–Israeli War 826:Mediterranean Campaign 244:Commanders and leaders 18052:Wars involving Jordan 18047:Wars involving Israel 18002:Arab–Israeli conflict 17898:Jordanian nationalism 17632:Arab Islamic Republic 17627:Arab Higher Committee 17504:Rashid Ali al-Gaylani 17484:Salah al-Din al-Bitar 17295:North Yemen civil war 17228:Arab–Israeli conflict 17044:Russia–NATO relations 16925:Jonathan Reed Winkler 16209:Democratic capitalism 16204:Supply-side economics 16172:American conservatism 15971:Breakup of Yugoslavia 15860:Bougainville conflict 15775:South Yemen civil war 15710:Martial law in Poland 15573:Nicaraguan Revolution 15548:Dirty War (Argentina) 15355:1971 JVP insurrection 15169:Years of Lead (Italy) 15047:North Yemen civil war 14965:Berlin Crisis of 1961 14941:Albanian–Soviet split 14873:1959 Tibetan uprising 14838:Syrian Crisis of 1957 14693:Iraqi Intifada (1952) 14553:1948 Arab–Israeli War 14202:John Kerry Parameters 13875:Churchill White Paper 13841:Sykes–Picot Agreement 13397:Coastal Road massacre 13018:Arab Higher Committee 12907:Arab Liberation Front 12850:Palestinian Authority 12748:Arab–Israeli conflict 12258:Smith, Grant (2006). 12151:26 April 2010 at the 12133:. London: Routledge. 12034:. Sentinel HC, 2014. 11932:16 April 2016 at the 11795:Leibler, Isi (1972). 11691:James, Laura (2005). 11667:. London: Routledge. 11509:One Land, Two Peoples 11325:. London: Routledge. 10969:Stone, David (2004). 10700:. London: Routledge. 10350:The Arab-Israeli Wars 10284:Hammel, Eric (1992). 10170:Eshkol, Levi (1967). 10155:. London: Routledge. 9518:10.4324/9781315235691 9438:Abrahms, Max (2004). 9332:Sharpe, M.E. (1997). 9313:10 March 2023 at the 9076:. 30 September 1984. 8901:18 March 2015 at the 8576:2 August 2015 at the 8062:Olson, R. W. (2013). 7990:19 March 2011 at the 7362:"The Jordanian Front" 6162:Eugene Register-Guard 5410:Question of Palestine 4510: 4423: 4388: 4349:Palestinian terrorism 4298: 4260:baal teshuva movement 4197:The war inspired the 4092:In addition, between 4033: 3968: 3954:declared state of war 3935: 3922:Admiral Thomas Moorer 3812:Further information: 3730: 3684: 3658: 3585: 3511: 3408: 3383: 3335:Syrian front 5–8 June 3325: 3310: 3255: 3173: 3141: 3100: 2946: 2937:Further information: 2895: 2814:Old City of Jerusalem 2796:Israeli cabinet meets 2650: 2502: 2494: 2480: 2403:Meanwhile, President 2337:, IDF Chief of Staff 2273: 2211:2nd Infantry Division 2189: 2143: 2000: 1992: 1850: 1842: 1687:military cargo plane 1287:North Yemen Civil War 1145: 1074: 1044:fled or were expelled 1030:from Jordan, and the 894:, was fought between 888:1967 Arab–Israeli War 617:46 aircraft destroyed 600:Casualties and losses 51:Arab–Israeli conflict 18057:Wars involving Syria 18042:Wars involving Egypt 17933:Tunisian nationalism 17903:Lebanese nationalism 17863:Egyptian nationalism 17858:Algerian nationalism 17762:United Arab Republic 17637:Arab Liberation Army 17617:Arab Ba'ath Movement 17474:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr 16465:Non-Aligned Movement 16087:Peaceful coexistence 16041:North Borneo dispute 15956:German reunification 15951:Min Ping Yu No. 5202 15649:Salvadoran Civil War 15598:Grand Mosque seizure 15593:Yemenite War of 1979 15485:Mozambican Civil War 15440:Carnation Revolution 15395:Yemenite War of 1972 15333:1970 Polish protests 15164:1967 Hong Kong riots 15139:Argentine Revolution 15089:Guatemalan Civil War 15017:Cuban Missile Crisis 14931:Bay of Pigs Invasion 14803:1956 Poznań protests 14781:Geneva Summit (1955) 14383:Hukbalahap Rebellion 14362:Non-Aligned Movement 14184:Annapolis Conference 14178:UNSC Resolution 1701 14168:UNSC Resolution 1850 14150:UNSC Resolution 1583 14144:UNSC Resolution 1566 14140:UNSC Resolution 1559 14090:Wye River Memorandum 13946:Armistice agreements 13703:Gaza border protests 13625:Gaza–Israel conflict 13337:Lod Airport massacre 13170:United Arab Republic 13113:United Arab Emirates 13023:Arab Liberation Army 12403:19 July 2010 at the 12160:Rubenberg, Cheryl A. 11894:29 June 2010 at the 11679:My "War" with Israel 11252:. Doubleday Anchor. 10971:Wars of the Cold War 10917:Shlaim, Avi (2007). 10891:Shlaim, Avi (2000). 10328:Taylor & Francis 9754:The Jewish Chronicle 9099:Aiken, Lisa (2009). 9058:on 12 December 2007. 8121:on 19 February 2007. 7291:Eric Hammel (1992). 7048:Donald Neff (1984). 5860:Schiff, Zeev (1974) 5540:Taylor & Francis 5303:Woolf, Alex (2012). 5215:. Osprey Publishing. 5197:6 March 2009 at the 4861:Arnold, Guy (2016). 4547:movement launched a 4538:peace treaty in 1994 4533:occupied territories 4451:Khartoum Arab Summit 4375:1972 Munich Olympics 3880:USS Liberty incident 3828:Egyptian prisoners. 2828:could be consulted. 2443:improve this article 2353:. Twelve members of 2302:Other Israeli forces 2196:Battle of Abu-Ageila 1868:civil defence sirens 1669:Sud Aviation Vautour 1583:D-30 (2A18) howitzer 1165:Military preparation 1109:attacked the village 1077:Bir Gifgafa Airfield 1042:and 100,000 Syrians 882:, also known as the 30:For other uses, see 18017:Invasions by Israel 17923:Sahrawi nationalism 17280:1959 Mosul uprising 17213:Great Syrian Revolt 16910:Alex von Tunzelmann 16900:Vladimir Tismăneanu 16825:Thomas J. McCormick 16820:Jack F. Matlock Jr. 16720:Robert Hugh Ferrell 16583:Crusade for Freedom 16380:Illiberal democracy 16264:Ho Chi Minh Thought 16067:Eisenhower Doctrine 15920:Peaceful Revolution 15915:Romanian Revolution 15895:Revolutions of 1989 15880:1988 Polish strikes 15790:Operation INFEKTION 15785:1987 Lieyu massacre 15690:Eritrean Civil Wars 15673:Peruvian Revolution 15623:1979 Herat uprising 15613:Sino-Vietnamese War 15578:Uganda–Tanzania War 15558:Egyptian–Libyan War 15525:Third Indochina War 15520:Sino-Albanian split 15510:Ethiopian Civil War 15410:Eritrean Civil Wars 15350:Ping-pong diplomacy 15323:Cambodian Civil War 15149:Korean DMZ Conflict 15134:Cultural Revolution 15104:Dominican Civil War 15082:Tlatelolco massacre 14868:1959 Mosul uprising 14858:1958 Lebanon crisis 14585:Al-Wathbah uprising 14508:First Indochina War 14478:Iran crisis of 1946 14027:UNSC Resolution 497 14021:UNSC Resolution 478 14015:UNSC Resolution 452 14002:UNSC Resolution 446 13992:UNSC Resolution 425 13986:UNSC Resolution 350 13976:UNSC Resolution 339 13972:UNSC Resolution 338 13962:Khartoum Resolution 13950:Lausanne Conference 13899:Morrison–Grady Plan 13869:San Remo conference 13847:Balfour Declaration 13719:Gaza–Israel clashes 13711:Gaza–Israel clashes 13486:Mothers' Bus attack 13063:Revolutionary Cells 12609:Reprisal operations 12553:27 May 2015 at the 12517:General Uzi Narkiss 12351:van Creveld, Martin 12212:Segev, Tom (2005). 11841:Maoz, Zeev (2006). 11814:(1999) pp 145–167. 11797:The Case For Israel 11579:Middle East Journal 11556:17 May 2009 at the 11485:9 June 2017 at the 11475:Finkelstein, Norman 11267:. Scarecrow Press. 11234:Black, Ian (1992). 11187:17 May 2024 at the 11149:. Osprey Aviation. 11108:Economic Indicators 10853:Segev, Tom (2007). 10844:Segev, Tom (1967). 10665:Pollack, Kenneth M. 10629:Pollack, Kenneth M. 10303:Hart, Alan (1989). 10230:. Greenwood Press. 10193:Gat, Moshe (2003). 9218:, pp. 306–307. 8956:. pp. 276–278. 8883:The Times of Israel 8570:In Bed with Phillip 8334:, pp. 193–194. 8230:The Washington Post 8147:, pp. 209–210. 7741:, pp. 281–282. 7492:, pp. 138–139. 7415:, pp. 222–223. 7327:, pp. 191–192. 7281:, pp. 188–189. 7233:on 26 December 2011 7216:, pp. 187–188. 7182:, pp. 185–187. 7002:, pp. 184–185. 6944:"The road to Naksa" 6779:. Israeli-weapons. 6397:on 20 November 2021 6328:on 16 February 2021 6156:17 May 2017 at the 5936:, pp. 224–225. 5900:, pp. 149–152. 5639:. 6 February 2009. 4809:The Washington Post 4776:Minister of Defense 4381:Peace and diplomacy 3839:conspiracy theories 3529:8th Armored Brigade 3466:8th Armored Brigade 3260:, Defense Minister 3256:From left, General 3212:Ramat David Airbase 3132:military occupation 3118:Privately, he told 2977:Bangalore torpedoes 2759:civilian casualties 2713:Ramat David Airbase 2308:8th Armored Brigade 2103:7th Armored Brigade 2031:troops and 900–950 2022:mechanized infantry 1661:Dassault Mirage III 1368:Dassault Mirage III 1347:mechanized infantry 1247:and the mechanized 951:Egypt–Israel border 898:and a coalition of 615:400 tanks destroyed 18027:Invasions of Egypt 18022:Invasions of Syria 18007:Cold War conflicts 17928:Syrian nationalism 17908:Libyan nationalism 17868:Greater Mauritania 17784:The Arab Awakening 17767:United Arab States 17742:Rejectionist Front 17549:Gamal Abdel Nasser 17360:Yemeni unification 17350:Lebanese Civil War 17330:17 July Revolution 17300:Ramadan Revolution 17275:14 July Revolution 17064:Russian Revolution 16860:Mary Elise Sarotte 16845:William B. Pickett 16770:Patrick J. Hearden 16750:Gabriel Gorodetsky 16745:Timothy Garton Ash 16730:Anneli Ute Gabanyi 16325:Ethnic nationalism 16077:Hallstein Doctrine 15961:Yemeni unification 15750:1985 Geneva Summit 15715:Casamance conflict 15618:New Jewel Movement 15603:Iranian Revolution 15588:Chadian–Libyan War 15535:Cambodian conflict 15515:Lebanese Civil War 15505:Western Sahara War 15480:June 1976 protests 15475:Cambodian genocide 15240:17 July Revolution 15194:Nigerian Civil War 15109:Rhodesian Bush War 15094:Colombian conflict 15037:Ramadan Revolution 14776:Bandung Conference 14652:Operation Valuable 14533:Partition of India 14172:Quartet Principles 14106:Clinton Parameters 13996:Camp David Accords 13379:Savoy Hotel attack 13229:1948 Palestine war 13068:South Lebanon Army 12957:Muslim Brotherhood 12675:Second Lebanon War 12375:The New York Times 12331:on 3 February 2011 12279:The New York Times 12028:Pressfield, Steven 11728:Israel's Air Force 11591:Middle East Policy 11539:Israel – A History 11511:. Westview Press. 11423:The New York Times 10390:Lenczowski, George 9791:"Six days in June" 9074:The New York Times 8740:"The disinherited" 8582:ABC Radio National 8307:The New York Times 8256:The New York Times 7837:on 15 October 2010 7787:Universal Newsreel 7382:on 2 January 2014. 7121:The Jerusalem Post 6421:Pakistan Air Force 6307:, pp. 293–94. 6204:The New York Times 5501:Simon and Schuster 4529:Camp David Accords 4525: 4493:Camp David Accords 4449:In September, the 4415: 4411:Abd al-Rahman Arif 4403:Abdullah al-Sallal 4399:Gamal Abdel Nasser 4130:Israel and Zionism 3971: 3938: 3904:territorial waters 3893:United States Navy 3691: 3687:Universal Newsreel 3592: 3588:Universal Newsreel 3514: 3389: 3328: 3270: 3199: 3103: 3076:Rockefeller Museum 2949: 2902: 2878:surface-to-surface 2657: 2627:Egyptian Air Force 2505: 2497: 2483: 2415:Next fighting days 2382:Egyptian Air Force 2279: 2245:M50 Super Shermans 2199: 2164:Brigadier-General 2146: 2006: 1995: 1929:The runway at the 1861:Egyptian Air Force 1857: 1845: 1391:Pakistan Air Force 1364:transport aircraft 1209:Armies and weapons 1191:The New York Times 1135:, overlooking the 1121:Gamal Abdel Nasser 1085: 1010:United States Navy 965:Gamal Abdel Nasser 933:(giving access to 794:Jordanian Campaign 633:1,000–2,500 killed 454:Nureddin al-Atassi 396:Gamal Abdel Nasser 225:Minor involvement: 18012:Conflicts in 1967 17959: 17958: 17888:Iraqi nationalism 17579:Constantin Zureiq 17429:Abdul Rahman Arif 17409:Butrus al-Bustani 17095: 17094: 17082:List of conflicts 16930:Rudolph Winnacker 16875:Giles Scott-Smith 16850:Ronald E. Powaski 16805:Melvyn P. Leffler 16735:John Lewis Gaddis 16710:Robert D. English 16675:Warren H. Carroll 16665:Michael Beschloss 16634:Nuclear arms race 16615: 16614: 16521:Neues Deutschland 16423: 16422: 16405:White nationalism 16375:Liberal democracy 16112:Ulbricht Doctrine 16102:Brezhnev Doctrine 15910:Velvet Revolution 15654:Soviet–Afghan War 15470:Angolan Civil War 15267:Goulash Communism 15124:ASEAN Declaration 15077:Mexican Dirty War 14975:Annexation of Goa 14926:1960 U-2 incident 14900:Sino-Soviet split 14878:Laotian Civil War 14718:Bricker Amendment 14698:Mau Mau rebellion 14642:Malayan Emergency 14630:Chinese Civil War 14590:Tito–Stalin split 14444:Division of Korea 14268: 14267: 14264: 14263: 14134:Geneva Initiative 14102:Camp David Summit 14062:Madrid Conference 14039:Reagan peace plan 14012: 13917:UN Partition Plan 13911:London Conference 13893:London Conference 13829:Damascus Protocol 13777: 13776: 13678:Pillar of Defense 13329:Sabena Flight 571 13295:Battle of Karameh 13214:Armed engagements 13178: 13177: 13076: 13075: 13048:Japanese Red Army 12803:Primary countries 12714: 12713: 12495:UN Resolution 242 12363:978-0-312-32866-5 12314:978-0-7139-0181-8 12268:978-0-9764437-4-2 12253:978-1-84519-188-7 12223:978-965-07-1370-6 12207:978-0-520-06976-3 12186:978-0-9658564-6-1 12172:978-0-252-06074-8 12139:978-0-7146-3136-3 12131:The Sinai Blunder 12125:978-90-04-09289-1 12110:978-0-520-20766-0 12102:The Rabin Memoirs 12096:978-1-58826-149-6 12082:978-0-8223-1023-5 12068:978-0-8223-3539-9 12054:978-0-520-24631-7 12040:978-1-59523-091-1 12022:978-0-85613-547-7 11968:978-0-8130-1383-1 11953:978-0-275-98158-7 11920:978-1-56098-626-3 11905:978-92-808-0858-2 11882:978-0-19-829262-3 11865:978-0-521-69161-1 11851:978-0-472-03341-6 11837:978-0-520-21439-2 11805:978-0-9598984-0-8 11790:978-0-8014-8704-0 11761:978-0-300-22632-4 11743:978-92-808-0925-1 11721:978-0-19-826556-6 11687:978-0-7206-0310-1 11673:978-0-415-09432-0 11650:Military Heritage 11643:978-0-7190-5346-7 11628:978-1-58544-241-6 11607:978-0-87674-025-5 11573:978-0-415-07822-1 11547:978-0-688-12363-5 11532:978-0-275-99643-7 11517:978-0-8133-2180-6 11503:978-0-691-09248-5 11455:978-1-85984-442-7 11411:978-977-424-316-5 11394:978-0-394-49302-2 11377:978-1-57488-536-1 11363:978-0-8156-3066-1 11349:978-0-7190-4382-6 11331:978-0-415-28716-6 11316:978-0-415-21468-1 11302:978-0-7146-4607-7 11287:978-0-275-96136-7 11273:978-0-8108-5078-1 11258:978-0-385-01467-0 11244:978-0-8021-3286-4 11223:978-0-7914-2944-0 11206:978-0-275-98158-7 11171:978-0-8130-1205-6 11155:978-1-84176-294-4 11079:978-1-61069-786-6 11046:978-1-85109-947-4 11025:978-1-57607-995-9 11003:978-0-253-35848-6 10980:978-1-85753-342-2 10949:978-1-107-00236-4 10928:978-1-4000-7828-8 10921:. Vintage Books. 10912:978-0-393-04816-2 10902:978-0-393-32112-8 10883:978-0-7914-3537-3 10864:978-0-8050-7057-6 10835:978-0-8041-5049-1 10814:978-0-375-71132-9 10795:978-0-394-48564-5 10764:978-0-521-59704-3 10731:978-1-107-03206-4 10707:978-0-415-20462-0 10644:978-0-8032-0686-1 10608:978-0-8130-3137-8 10587:978-0-7190-5907-0 10568:978-0-79-532684-4 10546:978-0-19-515174-9 10508:978-0-521-52858-0 10487:978-0-679-74475-7 10478:Righteous Victims 10465:978-0-679-42120-7 10443:978-0-520-07653-2 10422:978-0-231-08492-5 10403:978-0-8223-0972-7 10381:978-0-316-35901-6 10359:978-0-85368-367-4 10337:978-0-7146-8054-5 10314:978-0-253-32711-6 10295:978-0-7434-7535-8 10276:978-0-688-02643-1 10237:978-0-313-31302-8 10206:978-0-275-97514-2 10162:978-0-415-15675-2 10141:978-1-4728-0197-5 10108:978-1-8490-8122-1 10075:978-1-7820-0267-3 10025:978-0-395-07532-6 9969:978-0-8265-1329-8 9938:978-1-58826-202-8 9917:978-0-7432-3095-7 9898:978-0-7914-5585-2 9875:978-0-312-04649-1 9656:978-0-415-59892-7 9614:978-1-4128-2418-7 9527:978-1-315-23569-1 9345:978-0-585-19042-6 9241:978-1-74125-246-0 9190:978-0-691-13888-6 9151:978-0-8147-3470-4 9112:978-0-9779629-3-8 8886:. 6 November 2014 8838:978-0-7391-0438-5 8644:. 15 April 2004. 8607:978-0-520-22374-5 8584:23 December 2011. 8368:Hattendorf (2000) 8358:, pp. 51–62. 8135:, 17 August 1995. 8074:(12): 2312–2313. 8017:978-90-6704-796-8 7858:, pp. 39, 49 7674:Lenczowski (1990) 7562:978-0-7425-6615-6 7537:978-1-59264-409-4 7465:978-0-19-968542-4 7067:978-0-671-45485-2 6813:978-1-78168-142-8 6548:978-0-8223-3539-9 6513:978-1-85532-843-3 6493:978-84-87314-10-0 6457:on 12 August 2013 6360:978-0-8577-2793-0 6251:history.state.gov 6124:978-1-137-01894-6 5959:978-1-84519-188-7 5769:978-1-134-16377-9 5733:. 30 March 2021. 5549:978-1-136-27985-0 5510:978-1-4711-1475-5 5320:978-1-4329-6004-9 4622: Photograph: 4612:Explanatory notes 4596:Ras Sedr massacre 4397:of Saudi Arabia, 4023:(1999), Israeli " 4021:Righteous Victims 3851:Lyndon B. Johnson 3722:Hebrew University 3717:six years later. 3682: 3583: 3541:Engineering Corps 3531:, led by Colonel 3417:Galilee Panhandle 3286:Engineering Corps 3179:iconic photograph 3014:Hebrew University 2846:Israeli Air Force 2741:in the south and 2623:Israeli Air Force 2492: 2475: 2474: 2467: 2376:The Egyptian Army 1884:Mediterranean Sea 1815: 1814: 1741:Infantry weapons 1487:Sturmgeschütz III 1245:Jerusalem Brigade 1175:Israeli Air Force 1117:Hussein of Jordan 949:(UNEF) along the 873: 872: 868: 867: 692: 691: 585:2 combat aircraft 524:Abdul Rahman Arif 489:Hussein of Jordan 144: 143: 16:(Redirected from 18069: 17949: 17948: 17822:Eagle of Saladin 17529:Amin al-Husseini 17494:Faisal I of Iraq 17464:Sultan al-Atrash 17459:Mansur al-Atrash 17434:Abdul Salam Arif 17243:War of Attrition 17129:Arab nationalism 17122: 17115: 17108: 17099: 17098: 16840:David S. Painter 16765:John Earl Haynes 16695:Nicholas J. Cull 16680:Adrian Cioroianu 16660:Thomas A. Bailey 16607:Voice of America 16498: 16497: 16410:White separatism 16390:Social democracy 16385:Guided democracy 16365:Authoritarianism 16315:Ultranationalism 16305:Anti-imperialism 16232:Marxism–Leninism 16145: 16144: 16132:Kinmen Agreement 16097:Johnson Doctrine 16082:Kennedy Doctrine 15998:Frozen conflicts 15981:1991 August Coup 15870:Afghan Civil War 15765:Reykjavík Summit 15760:Somali Rebellion 15700:Ugandan Bush War 15678:Gdańsk Agreement 15199:Protests of 1968 15179:War of Attrition 14888:Cuban Revolution 14824:We will bury you 14791:Cyprus Emergency 14771:Kashmir Princess 14761:Jebel Akhdar War 14610:Western betrayal 14295: 14288: 14281: 14272: 14271: 14222:Trump peace plan 14214: 14008: 13806: 13799: 13792: 13783: 13782: 13768: 13765:Israel–Hamas war 13760: 13756:Shield and Arrow 13750: 13740: 13732: 13722: 13714: 13706: 13698: 13695:Wave of violence 13690: 13682: 13672: 13662: 13654: 13646: 13638: 13628: 13620: 13612: 13602: 13592: 13582: 13574: 13566: 13547: 13537: 13527: 13515: 13505: 13497: 13489: 13481: 13473: 13463: 13455: 13447: 13439: 13429: 13410: 13400: 13392: 13382: 13374: 13371:Ma'alot massacre 13366: 13358: 13348: 13340: 13332: 13324: 13316: 13306: 13298: 13290: 13287:War of Attrition 13282: 13274: 13255: 13247: 13239: 13236:Arab–Israeli War 13231: 13207: 13200: 13193: 13184: 13183: 13081:Other countries 12877: 12876: 12817:Egyptian Kingdom 12779: 12772: 12765: 12756: 12755: 12741: 12734: 12727: 12718: 12717: 12705:Israel–Hamas war 12633:War of Attrition 12603:Arab–Israeli War 12585: 12578: 12571: 12562: 12561: 12459: 12448: 12437: 12390: 12388: 12386: 12372: 12340: 12338: 12336: 12327:. 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Random House. 10447: 10426: 10407: 10385: 10363: 10341: 10318: 10299: 10280: 10241: 10222: 10220: 10218: 10189: 10187: 10185: 10166: 10145: 10124: 10122: 10120: 10091: 10089: 10087: 10058: 10029: 10010: 9973: 9954: 9952: 9950: 9921: 9902: 9879: 9850: 9844: 9838: 9832: 9826: 9820: 9811: 9810: 9808: 9806: 9786: 9780: 9779: 9773: 9765: 9763: 9761: 9745: 9739: 9738: 9736: 9734: 9714: 9708: 9701: 9695: 9692: 9686: 9683:The RUSI Journal 9679: 9673: 9672: 9670: 9668: 9640: 9634: 9633: 9628: 9626: 9598: 9592: 9586: 9580: 9574: 9568: 9562: 9556: 9555: 9549: 9547: 9503: 9497: 9490: 9484: 9483: 9477: 9475: 9435: 9429: 9428: 9422: 9420: 9380: 9374: 9373: 9367: 9365: 9329: 9318: 9305: 9299: 9277: 9271: 9264: 9258: 9257: 9255: 9253: 9225: 9219: 9213: 9207: 9206: 9204: 9202: 9174: 9168: 9167: 9165: 9163: 9135: 9129: 9128: 9126: 9124: 9096: 9090: 9089: 9087: 9085: 9066: 9060: 9059: 9044: 9038: 9025: 9019: 9018: 9016: 9014: 8995: 8989: 8976: 8970: 8964: 8958: 8957: 8945: 8939: 8938: 8936: 8934: 8912: 8906: 8893: 8887: 8868: 8862: 8849: 8843: 8842: 8818: 8812: 8802: 8796: 8795: 8793: 8791: 8772: 8766: 8760: 8754: 8736: 8730: 8729: 8727: 8725: 8703: 8697: 8691: 8685: 8684: 8682: 8680: 8671:. 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Archived from 7288: 7282: 7276: 7270: 7264: 7255: 7249: 7243: 7242: 7240: 7238: 7223: 7217: 7211: 7200: 7194: 7183: 7177: 7168: 7167: 7165: 7163: 7144: 7138: 7137: 7135: 7133: 7112: 7106: 7092: 7083: 7082: 7076: 7074: 7055: 7045: 7039: 7021: 7015: 7009: 7003: 6997: 6991: 6985: 6979: 6973: 6964: 6963: 6961: 6959: 6950:. Archived from 6939: 6933: 6927: 6921: 6915: 6909: 6908: 6900: 6894: 6888: 6879: 6873: 6864: 6848: 6842: 6836: 6830: 6824: 6818: 6817: 6799: 6793: 6792: 6790: 6788: 6773: 6767: 6761: 6752: 6746: 6740: 6734: 6721: 6720: 6718: 6716: 6695: 6686: 6680: 6674: 6668: 6659: 6658: 6646: 6640: 6626: 6620: 6614: 6608: 6598: 6592: 6586: 6577: 6571: 6565: 6559: 6553: 6552: 6536: 6526: 6515: 6501: 6495: 6485: 6479: 6473: 6467: 6466: 6464: 6462: 6453:. Archived from 6443: 6437: 6436: 6434: 6432: 6423:. Archived from 6413: 6407: 6406: 6404: 6402: 6383: 6377: 6376: 6374: 6372: 6344: 6338: 6337: 6335: 6333: 6314: 6308: 6302: 6296: 6285: 6279: 6273: 6267: 6266: 6264: 6262: 6243: 6237: 6227: 6221: 6220: 6218: 6216: 6194: 6188: 6182: 6176: 6147: 6141: 6140: 6138: 6136: 6108: 6102: 6092: 6086: 6080: 6074: 6073: 6067: 6065: 6050: 6044: 6038: 6032: 6026: 6020: 6014: 6008: 6002: 5996: 5986: 5980: 5979: 5973: 5971: 5943: 5937: 5931: 5925: 5919: 5913: 5907: 5901: 5895: 5889: 5883: 5877: 5871: 5865: 5858: 5852: 5846: 5840: 5839: 5837: 5835: 5820: 5814: 5808: 5802: 5796: 5790: 5789: 5783: 5781: 5753: 5747: 5746: 5744: 5742: 5727: 5721: 5719: 5718: 5708: 5699: 5693: 5684: 5674: 5665: 5659: 5653: 5652: 5650: 5648: 5627: 5618: 5617: 5611: 5603: 5601: 5599: 5590:. Archived from 5579: 5573: 5563: 5554: 5553: 5530: 5524: 5523: 5521: 5520: 5487: 5481: 5474: 5465: 5454: 5448: 5444: 5438: 5432: 5426: 5425: 5423: 5421: 5402: 5387: 5377: 5371: 5365: 5359: 5351: 5342: 5334: 5325: 5324: 5300: 5291: 5281: 5272: 5256: 5243: 5237: 5228: 5225: 5216: 5209: 5203: 5187: 5178: 5172: 5157: 5156: 5138: 5129: 5123: 5108: 5102: 5093: 5087: 5078: 5072: 5063: 5057: 5048: 5042: 5027: 5021: 5012: 5002: 4996: 4986: 4975: 4969: 4960: 4959: 4919: 4910: 4909: 4904: 4902: 4883: 4877: 4876: 4858: 4852: 4846: 4833: 4832: 4830: 4828: 4800: 4783: 4767: 4761: 4757: 4751: 4747: 4741: 4739: 4733: 4732: 4727: 4724: 4721: 4718: 4715: 4711: 4705: 4697: 4691: 4683: 4643: 4623: 4343:War of Attrition 4337:War of Attrition 4257: 4256: 4250: 4249: 4241: 4240: 4157:Yom Yerushalayim 4125: 4124: 4112: 4111: 4105: 4104: 4098: 4097: 4087: 4086: 4080: 4079: 4069: 4068: 4054: 4053: 4042: 4041: 4006: 4005: 3999: 3998: 3992: 3991: 3985: 3984: 3884:On 8 June 1967, 3776: 3775: 3683: 3671: 3584: 3377:have been true. 3362:Syrian Air Force 3185:paratroopers at 3137:Abdul Munim Riad 3120:David Ben-Gurion 2933:Israeli invasion 2840:Initial response 2765:, which had its 2732:the die was cast 2688:was sent to the 2538: 2537: 2493: 2470: 2463: 2459: 2456: 2450: 2427: 2419: 2394:Abdel Hakim Amer 2234: 2233: 2227: 2226: 2136:Advance on Arish 2064: 2063: 2030: 2029: 1896:Abdel Hakim Amer 1806:RL-83 Blindicide 1677:Dassault Ouragan 1430: 1429: 1324: 1323: 1317: 1316: 1298: 1297: 1283: 1282: 1276: 1275: 1238: 1237: 1224: 1223: 1201: 1200: 1137:Straits of Tiran 1022:from Syria, the 931:Straits of Tiran 917: 813:Augusta-Victoria 736: 735: 728: 718: 711: 704: 695: 694: 684:personnel killed 651:1 aircraft lost 635:367–591 captured 553:100,000 deployed 522: 521: 520: 510: 509: 508: 499: 498: 497: 487: 486: 485: 475: 474: 473: 464: 463: 462: 452: 451: 450: 440: 439: 438: 431:Abdul Munim Riad 429: 428: 427: 418: 417: 416: 409:Abdel Hakim Amer 407: 406: 405: 398: 394: 393: 392: 380: 379: 378: 369: 368: 367: 358: 357: 356: 347: 346: 345: 336: 335: 334: 325: 324: 323: 317: 315:Yeshayahu Gavish 313: 312: 311: 301: 300: 299: 290: 289: 288: 279: 278: 277: 268: 267: 266: 256: 255: 254: 239: 235: 233: 232: 218: 217: 216: 206: 204: 203: 192: 190: 189: 181: 177: 176: 175: 162: 160: 159: 69: 68: 61: 41: 40: 21: 18077: 18076: 18072: 18071: 18070: 18068: 18067: 18066: 17962: 17961: 17960: 17955: 17937: 17873:Greater Morocco 17846: 17842:Pan-Arab colors 17837:Hawk of Quraish 17803: 17771: 17622:Arab Federation 17583: 17569:Abdullah Rimawi 17544:Mostéfa Merarda 17499:Muammar Gaddafi 17479:Ahmed Ben Bella 17454:Jamal al-Atassi 17444:Bashar al-Assad 17395: 17364: 17345:Black September 17223:Anglo-Iraqi War 17167: 17131: 17126: 17096: 17091: 17068: 17059:Second Cold War 17017: 16945: 16939: 16915:Odd Arne Westad 16905:Patrick Vaughan 16890:Athan Theoharis 16870:Ellen Schrecker 16855:Yakov M. Rabkin 16830:Timothy Naftali 16775:Tvrtko Jakovina 16760:Jussi Hanhimäki 16643: 16621: 16611: 16589:Paix et Liberté 16564: 16508:Active measures 16489: 16419: 16400:White supremacy 16360:Totalitarianism 16288: 16213: 16136: 16122:Reagan Doctrine 16117:Carter Doctrine 16057:Truman Doctrine 16045: 15992: 15924: 15819:Soviet reaction 15730:Ndogboyosoi War 15637: 15608:Saur Revolution 15435:1973 oil crisis 15400:Munich massacre 15308:Alcora Exercise 15303:Black September 15281: 15027:Sino-Indian War 14921:Simba rebellion 14904: 14748:Capture of the 14656: 14595:Berlin Blockade 14528:May 1947 crises 14518:Truman Doctrine 14483:Greek Civil War 14472:Blacklist Forty 14439:Gouzenko Affair 14426:Cursed soldiers 14378:Morgenthau Plan 14366: 14304: 14299: 14269: 14260: 14228:Abraham Accords 14212: 14206: 14049: 14031:1981–1982 13927: 13881:Peel Commission 13816: 13814:peace proposals 13810: 13773: 13763: 13753: 13743: 13735: 13725: 13717: 13709: 13701: 13693: 13685: 13675: 13665: 13657: 13649: 13641: 13631: 13623: 13615: 13605: 13595: 13585: 13577: 13569: 13563:Second Intifada 13561: 13550: 13543:Grapes of Wrath 13540: 13530: 13518: 13508: 13500: 13492: 13484: 13476: 13466: 13458: 13450: 13442: 13432: 13424: 13413: 13403: 13395: 13385: 13377: 13369: 13361: 13351: 13345:Munich massacre 13343: 13335: 13327: 13319: 13309: 13301: 13293: 13285: 13277: 13269: 13258: 13250: 13242: 13234: 13227: 13216: 13211: 13174: 13153: 13132: 13072: 13028:Black September 13006: 12947:Lebanese Forces 12868: 12864:Ba'athist Syria 12860:Syrian Republic 12805:and authorities 12804: 12798: 12797: 12783: 12750: 12745: 12715: 12710: 12669:Second Intifada 12594: 12589: 12555:Wayback Machine 12524:Wayback Machine 12489:Wayback Machine 12457: 12446: 12435: 12415: 12410: 12405:Wayback Machine 12384: 12382: 12367: 12334: 12332: 12288: 12286: 12224: 12153:Wayback Machine 12007: 12005: 12001: 11978: 11934:Wayback Machine 11896:Wayback Machine 11771: 11769: 11762: 11712:Wayback Machine 11558:Wayback Machine 11487:Wayback Machine 11465: 11463: 11456: 11432: 11430: 11403:The October War 11238:. Grove Press. 11207: 11189:Wayback Machine 11134: 11132:Further reading 11129: 11122: 11103: 11089: 11087: 11080: 11056: 11054: 11047: 11026: 11004: 10981: 10959: 10957: 10950: 10929: 10903: 10884: 10865: 10836: 10815: 10796: 10774: 10772: 10765: 10741: 10739: 10732: 10708: 10654: 10652: 10645: 10618: 10616: 10609: 10588: 10569: 10547: 10518: 10516: 10509: 10488: 10466: 10444: 10423: 10404: 10382: 10360: 10338: 10315: 10296: 10277: 10259:Wayback Machine 10238: 10216: 10214: 10207: 10183: 10181: 10163: 10142: 10118: 10116: 10109: 10085: 10083: 10076: 10026: 10016:The Six Day War 9970: 9948: 9946: 9939: 9918: 9899: 9876: 9859: 9854: 9853: 9845: 9841: 9833: 9829: 9821: 9814: 9804: 9802: 9787: 9783: 9767: 9766: 9759: 9757: 9746: 9742: 9732: 9730: 9717:Kaniuk, Yoram. 9715: 9711: 9702: 9698: 9693: 9689: 9680: 9676: 9666: 9664: 9657: 9641: 9637: 9624: 9622: 9615: 9599: 9595: 9587: 9583: 9575: 9571: 9563: 9559: 9545: 9543: 9528: 9504: 9500: 9491: 9487: 9473: 9471: 9436: 9432: 9418: 9416: 9389:The World Today 9381: 9377: 9363: 9361: 9346: 9330: 9321: 9315:Wayback Machine 9306: 9302: 9287:Wayback Machine 9278: 9274: 9265: 9261: 9251: 9249: 9242: 9226: 9222: 9214: 9210: 9200: 9198: 9191: 9175: 9171: 9161: 9159: 9152: 9136: 9132: 9122: 9120: 9113: 9097: 9093: 9083: 9081: 9068: 9067: 9063: 9046: 9045: 9041: 9036:Wayback Machine 9026: 9022: 9012: 9010: 9005:. 1 June 2007. 8997: 8996: 8992: 8986:Wayback Machine 8977: 8973: 8965: 8961: 8946: 8942: 8932: 8930: 8913: 8909: 8903:Wayback Machine 8894: 8890: 8878:Wayback Machine 8869: 8865: 8859:Wayback Machine 8850: 8846: 8839: 8819: 8815: 8803: 8799: 8789: 8787: 8774: 8773: 8769: 8761: 8757: 8747:Wayback Machine 8738:Shay Fogelman, 8737: 8733: 8723: 8721: 8707:"Al-Qunayṭirah" 8705: 8704: 8700: 8692: 8688: 8678: 8676: 8667: 8666: 8662: 8651: 8649: 8636: 8635: 8631: 8617: 8615: 8608: 8592: 8588: 8578:Wayback Machine 8564: 8560: 8552: 8548: 8540: 8536: 8516: 8512: 8500:Wayback Machine 8489: 8485: 8475: 8473: 8465:Chicago Tribune 8456: 8452: 8444: 8440: 8432: 8428: 8420: 8416: 8408: 8404: 8394: 8392: 8379: 8378: 8374: 8366: 8362: 8354: 8350: 8342: 8338: 8332:Phythian (2001) 8330: 8326: 8318: 8314: 8303: 8299: 8291: 8287: 8279: 8275: 8265: 8263: 8248: 8244: 8234: 8232: 8224: 8223: 8219: 8209: 8207: 8192: 8188: 8179: 8175: 8167: 8163: 8155: 8151: 8143: 8139: 8130: 8126: 8107: 8103: 8095: 8091: 8081: 8079: 8060: 8056: 8044: 8040: 8027: 8025: 8018: 8002: 7998: 7992:Wayback Machine 7983: 7979: 7969: 7967: 7958: 7957: 7953: 7945: 7941: 7933: 7929: 7921: 7917: 7909: 7900: 7892: 7888: 7878: 7876: 7867: 7866: 7862: 7854: 7850: 7840: 7838: 7823: 7822: 7818: 7810: 7806: 7796: 7794: 7779: 7778: 7774: 7766: 7762: 7754: 7745: 7737: 7728: 7720: 7716: 7708: 7704: 7696: 7692: 7672: 7668: 7660: 7653: 7645: 7641: 7633: 7624: 7616: 7612: 7604: 7597: 7589: 7585: 7577: 7570: 7563: 7549: 7545: 7538: 7524: 7520: 7512: 7508: 7500: 7496: 7488: 7484: 7475: 7473: 7466: 7450: 7446: 7438: 7431: 7423: 7419: 7411: 7404: 7396: 7387: 7374: 7373: 7369: 7360: 7359: 7350: 7342: 7331: 7323: 7316: 7306: 7304: 7303:on 8 March 2012 7289: 7285: 7277: 7273: 7265: 7258: 7250: 7246: 7236: 7234: 7225: 7224: 7220: 7212: 7203: 7195: 7186: 7178: 7171: 7161: 7159: 7146: 7145: 7141: 7131: 7129: 7114: 7113: 7109: 7093: 7086: 7072: 7070: 7068: 7046: 7042: 7032:Wayback Machine 7022: 7018: 7010: 7006: 6998: 6994: 6986: 6982: 6974: 6967: 6957: 6955: 6940: 6936: 6928: 6924: 6916: 6912: 6901: 6897: 6889: 6882: 6874: 6867: 6861:Wayback Machine 6849: 6845: 6837: 6833: 6825: 6821: 6814: 6800: 6796: 6786: 6784: 6775: 6774: 6770: 6762: 6755: 6747: 6743: 6735: 6724: 6714: 6712: 6697: 6696: 6689: 6681: 6677: 6669: 6662: 6652: 6647: 6643: 6627: 6623: 6615: 6611: 6599: 6595: 6587: 6580: 6572: 6568: 6560: 6556: 6549: 6527: 6518: 6502: 6498: 6486: 6482: 6474: 6470: 6460: 6458: 6445: 6444: 6440: 6430: 6428: 6427:on 17 July 2017 6415: 6414: 6410: 6400: 6398: 6385: 6384: 6380: 6370: 6368: 6361: 6345: 6341: 6331: 6329: 6316: 6315: 6311: 6303: 6299: 6286: 6282: 6274: 6270: 6260: 6258: 6245: 6244: 6240: 6228: 6224: 6214: 6212: 6195: 6191: 6183: 6179: 6175:(19 June 1967). 6173:Wayback Machine 6158:Wayback Machine 6148: 6144: 6134: 6132: 6125: 6109: 6105: 6093: 6089: 6081: 6077: 6063: 6061: 6052: 6051: 6047: 6039: 6035: 6027: 6023: 6015: 6011: 6003: 5999: 5987: 5983: 5969: 5967: 5960: 5944: 5940: 5932: 5928: 5920: 5916: 5908: 5904: 5896: 5892: 5884: 5880: 5872: 5868: 5859: 5855: 5847: 5843: 5833: 5831: 5822: 5821: 5817: 5809: 5805: 5797: 5793: 5779: 5777: 5770: 5754: 5750: 5740: 5738: 5729: 5728: 5724: 5716: 5714: 5711:McDowall (1991) 5709: 5702: 5694: 5687: 5675: 5668: 5660: 5656: 5646: 5644: 5629: 5628: 5621: 5605: 5604: 5597: 5595: 5580: 5576: 5564: 5557: 5550: 5542:. pp. 8–. 5531: 5527: 5518: 5516: 5511: 5488: 5484: 5475: 5468: 5455: 5451: 5445: 5441: 5433: 5429: 5419: 5417: 5404: 5403: 5390: 5378: 5374: 5366: 5362: 5354:Dunstan (2013a) 5352: 5345: 5335: 5328: 5321: 5301: 5294: 5282: 5275: 5268:Wayback Machine 5257: 5246: 5238: 5231: 5226: 5219: 5210: 5206: 5199:Wayback Machine 5188: 5181: 5173: 5160: 5153: 5139: 5132: 5124: 5111: 5103: 5096: 5088: 5081: 5073: 5066: 5058: 5051: 5043: 5030: 5022: 5015: 5003: 4999: 4987: 4978: 4970: 4963: 4920: 4913: 4900: 4898: 4885: 4884: 4880: 4873: 4859: 4855: 4847: 4836: 4826: 4824: 4811:. p. A23. 4801: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4786: 4768: 4764: 4758: 4754: 4748: 4744: 4725: 4722: 4719: 4716: 4684: 4680: 4624: 4614: 4609: 4562: 4505: 4383: 4351: 4339: 4327: 4286: 4280: 4266:of the hasidic 4254: 4252: 4247: 4245: 4238: 4236: 4199:Jewish diaspora 4132: 4122: 4120: 4109: 4107: 4102: 4100: 4095: 4093: 4084: 4082: 4077: 4075: 4066: 4064: 4051: 4049: 4039: 4037: 4003: 4001: 3996: 3994: 3989: 3987: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3963: 3930: 3882: 3876: 3834: 3825: 3816: 3810: 3805: 3799: 3773: 3771: 3768: 3762: 3752:After the 1973 3703:Sinai Peninsula 3675: 3673: 3665: 3656: 3648:Main articles: 3646: 3617:pincer movement 3605: 3576: 3506: 3434: 3421:M-46 130mm guns 3337: 3320: 3128: 3018:American Colony 2986:Ammunition Hill 2973:Mandelbaum Gate 2941: 2935: 2890: 2858:Iraqi Air Force 2842: 2802:Israeli cabinet 2798: 2682: 2662: 2645: 2592:Sharm el-Sheikh 2535: 2533: 2485: 2471: 2460: 2454: 2451: 2440: 2428: 2417: 2378: 2304: 2231: 2229: 2224: 2222: 2184: 2178: 2138: 2076: 2061: 2059: 2045:strategic depth 2027: 2025: 1987: 1837: 1831: 1829:Operation Focus 1825: 1820: 1818:Fighting fronts 1587:M1954 field gun 1561:/ M3 Half-track 1403: 1321: 1319: 1314: 1312: 1295: 1293: 1280: 1278: 1273: 1271: 1235: 1233: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1211: 1198: 1196: 1167: 1159:Operation Focus 1133:Sharm el-Sheikh 1087:After the 1956 1081:ahlan wa-sahlan 1069: 1063: 1057: 1032:Sinai Peninsula 998:UN peacekeepers 984:as well as the 982:Sinai Peninsula 915: 876: 875: 874: 869: 846:Syrian Campaign 803:Ammunition Hill 729: 724: 722: 687: 685: 671: 666: 663:UN peacekeepers 655: 653: 650: 646: 644: 642: 640: 636: 634: 632: 628: 626: 624: 616: 614: 612: 610: 608: 594: 592: 590: 586: 584: 580: 578: 574: 572: 571:45,000 deployed 570: 568: 564: 562: 558: 556: 554: 552: 550: 543: 541: 539: 518: 516: 514: 506: 504: 503: 501:Zaid ibn Shaker 495: 493: 492: 483: 481: 479: 471: 469: 468: 460: 458: 457: 448: 446: 444: 442:Mohamed Mahmoud 436: 434: 433: 425: 423: 422: 414: 412: 411: 403: 401: 400: 390: 388: 387: 376: 374: 373: 365: 363: 362: 354: 352: 351: 343: 341: 340: 332: 330: 329: 321: 319: 318: 309: 307: 306: 305: 297: 295: 294: 286: 284: 283: 275: 273: 272: 264: 262: 261: 252: 250: 230: 228: 227: 223: 222: 214: 212: 211: 201: 199: 197: 187: 185: 183: 173: 171: 170: 157: 155: 136:Sinai Peninsula 103: 97:Israeli victory 89: 76: 62: 35: 28: 23: 22: 18:The Six Day War 15: 12: 11: 5: 18075: 18065: 18064: 18059: 18054: 18049: 18044: 18039: 18037:Six-day events 18034: 18029: 18024: 18019: 18014: 18009: 18004: 17999: 17994: 17989: 17987:1967 in Jordan 17984: 17982:1967 in Israel 17979: 17974: 17957: 17956: 17954: 17953: 17942: 17939: 17938: 17936: 17935: 17930: 17925: 17920: 17915: 17910: 17905: 17900: 17895: 17890: 17885: 17880: 17875: 17870: 17865: 17860: 17854: 17852: 17851:Related topics 17848: 17847: 17845: 17844: 17839: 17834: 17829: 17824: 17819: 17813: 17811: 17805: 17804: 17802: 17801: 17794: 17787: 17779: 17777: 17773: 17772: 17770: 17769: 17764: 17759: 17754: 17749: 17744: 17739: 17734: 17729: 17724: 17719: 17717:Islamic Legion 17714: 17709: 17704: 17699: 17694: 17689: 17684: 17679: 17674: 17669: 17664: 17659: 17654: 17649: 17644: 17639: 17634: 17629: 17624: 17619: 17614: 17609: 17607:Al-Mourabitoun 17604: 17599: 17593: 17591: 17585: 17584: 17582: 17581: 17576: 17574:Hamdeen Sabahi 17571: 17566: 17564:Fuad al-Rikabi 17561: 17556: 17554:Adnan Pachachi 17551: 17546: 17541: 17536: 17531: 17526: 17524:Saddam Hussein 17521: 17516: 17514:Sati' al-Husri 17511: 17506: 17501: 17496: 17491: 17486: 17481: 17476: 17471: 17466: 17461: 17456: 17451: 17449:Hafez al-Assad 17446: 17441: 17439:Zaki al-Arsuzi 17436: 17431: 17426: 17421: 17416: 17411: 17405: 17403: 17397: 17396: 17394: 17393: 17388: 17383: 17378: 17372: 17370: 17366: 17365: 17363: 17362: 17357: 17352: 17347: 17342: 17337: 17332: 17327: 17322: 17320:Aden Emergency 17317: 17312: 17307: 17302: 17297: 17292: 17287: 17282: 17277: 17272: 17267: 17265:Iraqi Intifada 17262: 17257: 17256: 17255: 17250: 17248:Yom Kippur War 17245: 17240: 17235: 17225: 17220: 17215: 17210: 17209: 17208: 17198: 17193: 17192: 17191: 17181: 17175: 17173: 17169: 17168: 17166: 17165: 17160: 17155: 17150: 17145: 17143:Arab socialism 17139: 17137: 17133: 17132: 17125: 17124: 17117: 17110: 17102: 17093: 17092: 17090: 17089: 17084: 17079: 17073: 17070: 17069: 17067: 17066: 17061: 17056: 17051: 17046: 17041: 17036: 17031: 17025: 17023: 17019: 17018: 17016: 17015: 17010: 17005: 17000: 16995: 16990: 16985: 16980: 16975: 16970: 16965: 16960: 16955: 16949: 16947: 16941: 16940: 16938: 16937: 16932: 16927: 16922: 16917: 16912: 16907: 16902: 16897: 16892: 16887: 16885:Timothy Snyder 16882: 16877: 16872: 16867: 16862: 16857: 16852: 16847: 16842: 16837: 16832: 16827: 16822: 16817: 16815:Vojtech Mastny 16812: 16810:Geir Lundestad 16807: 16802: 16800:Walter Laqueur 16797: 16795:Walter LaFeber 16792: 16787: 16782: 16777: 16772: 16767: 16762: 16757: 16752: 16747: 16742: 16737: 16732: 16727: 16725:André Fontaine 16722: 16717: 16712: 16707: 16702: 16697: 16692: 16687: 16682: 16677: 16672: 16667: 16662: 16657: 16655:Gar Alperovitz 16651: 16649: 16645: 16644: 16642: 16641: 16636: 16631: 16625: 16623: 16617: 16616: 16613: 16612: 16610: 16609: 16604: 16598: 16597: 16592: 16585: 16580: 16572: 16570: 16566: 16565: 16563: 16562: 16555: 16550: 16543: 16536: 16531: 16524: 16517: 16510: 16504: 16502: 16495: 16491: 16490: 16488: 16487: 16482: 16477: 16472: 16467: 16462: 16457: 16452: 16447: 16442: 16437: 16431: 16429: 16425: 16424: 16421: 16420: 16418: 16417: 16412: 16407: 16402: 16397: 16395:Third-Worldism 16392: 16387: 16382: 16377: 16372: 16367: 16362: 16357: 16352: 16347: 16342: 16337: 16332: 16327: 16322: 16317: 16312: 16307: 16302: 16296: 16294: 16290: 16289: 16287: 16286: 16281: 16276: 16271: 16266: 16261: 16254: 16249: 16244: 16239: 16234: 16229: 16223: 16221: 16215: 16214: 16212: 16211: 16206: 16201: 16196: 16191: 16186: 16184:Libertarianism 16181: 16176: 16175: 16174: 16164: 16162:Chicago school 16159: 16153: 16151: 16142: 16138: 16137: 16135: 16134: 16129: 16124: 16119: 16114: 16109: 16107:Nixon Doctrine 16104: 16099: 16094: 16089: 16084: 16079: 16074: 16069: 16064: 16059: 16053: 16051: 16050:Foreign policy 16047: 16046: 16044: 16043: 16038: 16033: 16028: 16023: 16018: 16013: 16008: 16002: 16000: 15994: 15993: 15991: 15990: 15985: 15984: 15983: 15973: 15968: 15963: 15958: 15953: 15948: 15943: 15938: 15932: 15930: 15926: 15925: 15923: 15922: 15917: 15912: 15907: 15902: 15897: 15892: 15887: 15882: 15877: 15872: 15867: 15862: 15857: 15852: 15847: 15842: 15837: 15835:Operation RYAN 15832: 15827: 15822: 15812: 15807: 15802: 15797: 15792: 15787: 15782: 15777: 15772: 15767: 15762: 15757: 15752: 15747: 15742: 15740:Able Archer 83 15737: 15732: 15727: 15722: 15717: 15712: 15707: 15702: 15697: 15692: 15687: 15686: 15685: 15675: 15670: 15665: 15656: 15651: 15645: 15643: 15639: 15638: 15636: 15635: 15630: 15625: 15620: 15615: 15610: 15605: 15600: 15595: 15590: 15585: 15580: 15575: 15570: 15565: 15560: 15555: 15550: 15545: 15537: 15532: 15527: 15522: 15517: 15512: 15507: 15502: 15497: 15492: 15490:Oromo conflict 15487: 15482: 15477: 15472: 15467: 15462: 15457: 15452: 15447: 15442: 15437: 15432: 15430:Yom Kippur War 15427: 15422: 15417: 15412: 15407: 15402: 15397: 15392: 15387: 15382: 15377: 15372: 15367: 15362: 15357: 15352: 15347: 15340: 15335: 15330: 15325: 15320: 15315: 15310: 15305: 15300: 15295: 15289: 15287: 15283: 15282: 15280: 15279: 15274: 15269: 15264: 15259: 15254: 15253: 15252: 15242: 15237: 15232: 15227: 15222: 15213: 15208: 15207: 15206: 15196: 15191: 15186: 15181: 15176: 15171: 15166: 15161: 15156: 15151: 15146: 15141: 15136: 15131: 15126: 15121: 15116: 15111: 15106: 15101: 15096: 15091: 15086: 15085: 15084: 15074: 15069: 15064: 15062:Aden Emergency 15059: 15054: 15049: 15044: 15039: 15034: 15029: 15024: 15019: 15014: 15013: 15012: 15007: 15002: 14992: 14987: 14982: 14980:Papua conflict 14977: 14972: 14967: 14962: 14961: 14960: 14950: 14949: 14948: 14938: 14933: 14928: 14923: 14918: 14912: 14910: 14906: 14905: 14903: 14902: 14897: 14896: 14895: 14885: 14883:Kitchen Debate 14880: 14875: 14870: 14865: 14860: 14855: 14850: 14845: 14843:Sputnik crisis 14840: 14835: 14827: 14820: 14815: 14813:Polish October 14810: 14805: 14800: 14793: 14788: 14783: 14778: 14773: 14768: 14763: 14758: 14753: 14745: 14740: 14735: 14730: 14725: 14720: 14715: 14713:Pact of Madrid 14710: 14705: 14700: 14695: 14690: 14685: 14680: 14675: 14670: 14668:Bamboo Curtain 14664: 14662: 14658: 14657: 14655: 14654: 14649: 14644: 14639: 14638: 14637: 14627: 14622: 14617: 14612: 14607: 14602: 14597: 14592: 14587: 14582: 14577: 14572: 14567: 14562: 14561: 14560: 14555: 14550: 14540: 14535: 14530: 14525: 14520: 14515: 14510: 14505: 14500: 14495: 14490: 14485: 14480: 14475: 14467: 14459: 14451: 14446: 14441: 14436: 14428: 14423: 14422: 14421: 14416: 14408: 14395: 14390: 14385: 14380: 14374: 14372: 14368: 14367: 14365: 14364: 14359: 14354: 14349: 14344: 14339: 14334: 14329: 14324: 14317: 14309: 14306: 14305: 14298: 14297: 14290: 14283: 14275: 14266: 14265: 14262: 14261: 14259: 14258: 14252: 14251: 14250: 14245: 14240: 14235: 14224: 14217: 14215: 14208: 14207: 14205: 14204: 14198: 14192: 14186: 14180: 14174: 14164: 14146: 14136: 14130: 14120: 14114: 14108: 14098: 14092: 14086: 14080: 14070: 14064: 14057: 14055: 14051: 14050: 14048: 14047: 14041: 14035: 14029: 14023: 14017: 13998: 13988: 13978: 13968: 13958: 13952: 13942: 13935: 13933: 13929: 13928: 13926: 13925: 13919: 13913: 13907: 13901: 13895: 13889: 13883: 13877: 13871: 13865: 13859: 13849: 13843: 13837: 13831: 13824: 13822: 13818: 13817: 13812:Diplomacy and 13809: 13808: 13801: 13794: 13786: 13779: 13778: 13775: 13774: 13772: 13771: 13770: 13769: 13761: 13751: 13741: 13733: 13723: 13715: 13707: 13699: 13691: 13683: 13673: 13668:Returning Echo 13663: 13655: 13647: 13639: 13621: 13613: 13603: 13593: 13583: 13575: 13567: 13558: 13556: 13552: 13551: 13549: 13548: 13538: 13533:Accountability 13528: 13516: 13506: 13498: 13490: 13482: 13478:First Intifada 13474: 13464: 13456: 13452:Bus 300 affair 13448: 13440: 13430: 13421: 13419: 13415: 13414: 13412: 13411: 13401: 13393: 13383: 13375: 13367: 13359: 13349: 13341: 13333: 13325: 13321:Yom Kippur War 13317: 13307: 13299: 13291: 13283: 13275: 13266: 13264: 13260: 13259: 13257: 13256: 13248: 13240: 13232: 13224: 13222: 13218: 13217: 13210: 13209: 13202: 13195: 13187: 13180: 13179: 13176: 13175: 13173: 13172: 13167: 13161: 13159: 13155: 13154: 13152: 13151: 13149:United Nations 13146: 13144:European Union 13140: 13138: 13134: 13133: 13131: 13130: 13125: 13120: 13118:United Kingdom 13115: 13110: 13105: 13100: 13095: 13090: 13084: 13082: 13078: 13077: 13074: 13073: 13071: 13070: 13065: 13060: 13055: 13050: 13045: 13040: 13035: 13030: 13025: 13020: 13014: 13012: 13008: 13007: 13005: 13004: 12999: 12994: 12989: 12984: 12979: 12974: 12969: 12964: 12959: 12954: 12952:al-Mourabitoun 12949: 12944: 12939: 12934: 12929: 12924: 12919: 12914: 12909: 12904: 12899: 12894: 12889: 12883: 12881: 12874: 12870: 12869: 12867: 12866: 12857: 12852: 12847: 12842: 12837: 12835:Ba'athist Iraq 12828: 12823: 12814: 12808: 12806: 12800: 12799: 12796: 12795: 12792: 12789: 12785: 12782: 12781: 12774: 12767: 12759: 12752: 12751: 12744: 12743: 12736: 12729: 12721: 12712: 12711: 12709: 12708: 12707:(2023–present) 12702: 12696: 12690: 12684: 12678: 12672: 12666: 12663:First Intifada 12660: 12654: 12648: 12642: 12639:Yom Kippur War 12636: 12630: 12624: 12621:War over Water 12618: 12612: 12606: 12599: 12596: 12595: 12588: 12587: 12580: 12573: 12565: 12559: 12558: 12545: 12533: 12527: 12514: 12509: 12503: 12498: 12492: 12479: 12474: 12465: 12454: 12443: 12432: 12427: 12422: 12414: 12413:External links 12411: 12409: 12408: 12395:Mediterranean 12391: 12365: 12348: 12341: 12316: 12302: 12295: 12281:. p. 16. 12270: 12256: 12241: 12228: 12222: 12214:Israel in 1967 12209: 12195: 12188: 12174: 12157: 12141: 12127: 12113: 12098: 12084: 12070: 12056: 12042: 12025: 12014: 11971: 11956: 11941: 11938:Israel Studies 11923: 11908: 11884: 11867: 11853: 11839: 11825: 11818: 11808: 11793: 11778: 11760: 11745: 11731: 11724: 11700: 11689: 11675: 11661:Hopwood, Derek 11658: 11645: 11631: 11622:. TAMU Press. 11616: 11609: 11595: 11582: 11575: 11561: 11535: 11520: 11505: 11491: 11472: 11454: 11439: 11414: 11396: 11379: 11365: 11351: 11339:. Manchester: 11337:Law of the Sea 11333: 11319: 11304: 11290: 11275: 11261: 11246: 11232: 11231:4(2), 199–220. 11229:Israel Studies 11225: 11211: 11205: 11192: 11174: 11157: 11143: 11135: 11133: 11130: 11128: 11127: 11096: 11078: 11063: 11045: 11030: 11024: 11011: 11002: 10985: 10979: 10966: 10948: 10933: 10927: 10914: 10901: 10888: 10882: 10876:. SUNY Press. 10869: 10863: 10850: 10841: 10834: 10819: 10813: 10800: 10794: 10781: 10763: 10748: 10730: 10712: 10706: 10693: 10675:(3): 471–503. 10661: 10643: 10625: 10607: 10592: 10586: 10573: 10567: 10551: 10545: 10525: 10507: 10492: 10486: 10470: 10464: 10448: 10442: 10427: 10421: 10408: 10402: 10386: 10380: 10364: 10358: 10342: 10336: 10319: 10313: 10300: 10294: 10281: 10275: 10262: 10236: 10223: 10205: 10190: 10167: 10161: 10148: 10147: 10146: 10140: 10107: 10092: 10074: 10059: 10030: 10024: 10011: 9974: 9968: 9955: 9937: 9922: 9916: 9903: 9897: 9880: 9874: 9860: 9858: 9855: 9852: 9851: 9849:, p. 198. 9839: 9837:, p. 196. 9827: 9825:, p. 225. 9812: 9781: 9740: 9709: 9696: 9687: 9674: 9655: 9635: 9613: 9593: 9591:, p. 108. 9581: 9579:, p. 254. 9569: 9567:, p. 253. 9557: 9526: 9498: 9485: 9450:(3): 533–549. 9430: 9375: 9344: 9319: 9300: 9272: 9259: 9240: 9220: 9208: 9189: 9169: 9150: 9130: 9111: 9091: 9061: 9039: 9020: 8990: 8971: 8969:, p. 332. 8959: 8954:Berghahn Books 8940: 8907: 8888: 8863: 8844: 8837: 8813: 8805:Tessler (1994) 8797: 8767: 8765:, p. 309. 8755: 8753:, 30 July 2010 8731: 8698: 8696:, p. 327. 8686: 8675:on 14 May 2010 8660: 8629: 8606: 8586: 8558: 8546: 8544:, p. 243. 8534: 8518:Quigley (2013) 8510: 8508:, 27 May 2007. 8483: 8450: 8448:, p. 199. 8438: 8426: 8414: 8402: 8372: 8360: 8348: 8336: 8324: 8312: 8297: 8285: 8281:Mansour (1994) 8273: 8242: 8217: 8186: 8173: 8171:, p. 374. 8161: 8149: 8137: 8124: 8101: 8099:, p. 179. 8089: 8054: 8046:Quigley (2013) 8038: 8016: 7996: 7977: 7962:. Sis.gov.eg. 7951: 7949:, p. 189. 7939: 7927: 7915: 7898: 7896:, p. 660. 7886: 7860: 7848: 7816: 7804: 7772: 7770:, p. 295. 7760: 7758:, p. 283. 7743: 7726: 7724:, p. 280. 7714: 7712:, p. 387. 7702: 7700:, p. 325. 7690: 7666: 7651: 7639: 7637:, p. 642. 7622: 7610: 7595: 7593:, p. 246. 7583: 7568: 7561: 7543: 7536: 7518: 7516:, p. 219. 7506: 7504:, p. 139. 7494: 7482: 7464: 7444: 7442:, p. 138. 7429: 7427:, p. 224. 7417: 7402: 7400:, p. 203. 7385: 7367: 7348: 7346:, p. 222. 7329: 7314: 7283: 7271: 7269:, p. 245. 7256: 7254:, p. 187. 7244: 7218: 7201: 7199:, p. 244. 7184: 7169: 7152:www.nli.org.il 7139: 7107: 7084: 7066: 7040: 7038:, 29 May 2002. 7016: 7014:, p. 113. 7004: 6992: 6990:, p. 112. 6980: 6978:, p. 248. 6965: 6954:on 24 May 2017 6934: 6932:, p. 211. 6922: 6920:, p. 212. 6910: 6895: 6893:, p. 239. 6880: 6878:, p. 201. 6865: 6843: 6841:, p. 125. 6839:Dunstan (2012) 6831: 6829:, p. 182. 6819: 6812: 6794: 6768: 6766:, p. 202. 6753: 6751:, p. 181. 6741: 6739:, p. 180. 6722: 6687: 6685:, p. 175. 6675: 6673:, p. 178. 6660: 6641: 6637:Tessler (1994) 6621: 6619:, p. 474. 6617:Pollack (2005) 6609: 6593: 6578: 6566: 6564:, p. 172. 6554: 6547: 6516: 6496: 6480: 6476:Pollack (2004) 6468: 6451:Air University 6438: 6417:"Air Warriors" 6408: 6378: 6359: 6339: 6309: 6305:Pollack (2004) 6297: 6280: 6278:, p. 294. 6276:Pollack (2004) 6268: 6238: 6230:Quigley (2013) 6222: 6207:. p. 46. 6189: 6177: 6142: 6123: 6103: 6087: 6085:, p. 306. 6075: 6045: 6033: 6021: 6019:, p. 238. 6009: 6007:, p. 148. 5997: 5989:Tessler (1994) 5981: 5958: 5938: 5926: 5924:, p. 312. 5914: 5912:, p. 226. 5902: 5890: 5888:, p. 290. 5886:Pollack (2004) 5878: 5866: 5853: 5849:Gawrych (2000) 5841: 5815: 5803: 5791: 5768: 5748: 5722: 5713:, p. 84: 5700: 5685: 5677:Dunstan (2013) 5666: 5654: 5631:"BBC Panorama" 5619: 5594:on 18 May 2007 5574: 5566:Quigley (2013) 5555: 5548: 5525: 5509: 5482: 5466: 5449: 5439: 5427: 5388: 5372: 5360: 5343: 5326: 5319: 5292: 5273: 5244: 5242:, p. 165. 5229: 5217: 5204: 5179: 5175:Gawrych (2000) 5158: 5152:978-0394717463 5151: 5130: 5109: 5094: 5079: 5077:, p. 318. 5064: 5062:, p. 176. 5049: 5045:Pollack (2004) 5028: 5026:, p. 176. 5013: 4997: 4976: 4974:, p. 217. 4961: 4911: 4878: 4871: 4853: 4851:, p. 237. 4834: 4794: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4785: 4784: 4762: 4752: 4742: 4677: 4676: 4675: 4674: 4673: 4672: 4671: 4670: 4667: 4664: 4661: 4645: 4644: 4635: 4627:David Rubinger 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4604: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4582: 4574: 4571:Hafez al-Assad 4568: 4561: 4558: 4504: 4501: 4489:land for peace 4485:Resolution 242 4440:East Jerusalem 4409:of Kuwait and 4382: 4379: 4350: 4347: 4338: 4335: 4326: 4323: 4282:Main article: 4279: 4276: 4211:United Kingdom 4144:Jordanian rule 4131: 4128: 4061:Allenby Bridge 3973:Main article: 3962: 3959: 3952:remained in a 3929: 3926: 3878:Main article: 3875: 3868: 3833: 3830: 3824: 3821: 3814:Preemptive war 3809: 3806: 3801:Main article: 3798: 3795: 3761: 3758: 3754:Yom Kippur War 3715:Yom Kippur War 3657: 3645: 3642: 3604: 3601: 3558:Golani Brigade 3533:Albert Mandler 3505: 3502: 3494:submachine gun 3470:Golani Brigade 3458:reconnaissance 3439:Sea of Galilee 3433: 3430: 3374:Ilyushin Il-28 3336: 3333: 3319: 3316: 3175:David Rubinger 3156: 3155: 3152: 3149: 3127: 3124: 2999:Givat HaMivtar 2994:close quarters 2934: 2931: 2889: 2886: 2870:Fouga Magister 2841: 2838: 2797: 2794: 2701:Jordanian Army 2681: 2680:Initial attack 2678: 2661: 2658: 2644: 2641: 2637: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2548:Soviet Marines 2473: 2472: 2431: 2429: 2422: 2416: 2413: 2377: 2374: 2361:under Colonel 2312:Albert Mandler 2310:under Colonel 2303: 2300: 2190:Major General 2177: 2174: 2137: 2134: 2105:under Colonel 2075: 2072: 1986: 1983: 1827:Main article: 1824: 1823:Initial attack 1821: 1819: 1816: 1813: 1812: 1771: 1742: 1738: 1737: 1728: 1721:SA-2 Guideline 1718: 1712: 1711: 1702: 1693: 1689: 1688: 1681:Fouga Magister 1658: 1616: 1612: 1611: 1590: 1575:M1937 howitzer 1572: 1568: 1567: 1554: 1536: 1526: 1525: 1494: 1447: 1441: 1440: 1437: 1434: 1417:medium bombers 1414:Tu-16 "Badger" 1402: 1399: 1362:fighters, six 1351:Jordanian Army 1301:David W. Lesch 1265:Jezreel Valley 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1166: 1163: 1141:Lyndon Johnson 1059:Main article: 1056: 1053: 1028:East Jerusalem 871: 870: 866: 865: 864: 863: 858: 848: 847: 843: 842: 841: 840: 828: 827: 823: 822: 821: 820: 815: 810: 805: 797: 796: 790: 789: 788: 787: 782: 777: 772: 767: 757: 756: 755:Sinai Campaign 752: 751: 750: 749: 747:Waiting period 741: 740: 734: 731: 730: 721: 720: 713: 706: 698: 690: 689: 658: 657: 641:696–700 killed 627:4,338 captured 618: 609:776–983 killed 602: 601: 597: 596: 545: 533: 532: 528: 527: 466:Hafez al-Assad 384: 382:Rehavam Ze'evi 246: 245: 241: 240: 167: 151: 150: 146: 145: 142: 141: 140: 139: 128: 125:East Jerusalem 117: 105: 99: 98: 95: 91: 90: 85: 83: 79: 78: 75:5–10 June 1967 73: 65: 64: 54: 53: 46: 45: 39: 38: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 18074: 18063: 18060: 18058: 18055: 18053: 18050: 18048: 18045: 18043: 18040: 18038: 18035: 18033: 18030: 18028: 18025: 18023: 18020: 18018: 18015: 18013: 18010: 18008: 18005: 18003: 18000: 17998: 17995: 17993: 17992:1967 in Syria 17990: 17988: 17985: 17983: 17980: 17978: 17977:1967 in Egypt 17975: 17973: 17970: 17969: 17967: 17952: 17944: 17943: 17940: 17934: 17931: 17929: 17926: 17924: 17921: 17919: 17916: 17914: 17911: 17909: 17906: 17904: 17901: 17899: 17896: 17894: 17891: 17889: 17886: 17884: 17883:Greater Yemen 17881: 17879: 17878:Greater Syria 17876: 17874: 17871: 17869: 17866: 17864: 17861: 17859: 17856: 17855: 17853: 17849: 17843: 17840: 17838: 17835: 17833: 17830: 17828: 17825: 17823: 17820: 17818: 17815: 17814: 17812: 17810: 17806: 17800: 17799: 17795: 17793: 17792: 17788: 17786: 17785: 17781: 17780: 17778: 17774: 17768: 17765: 17763: 17760: 17758: 17755: 17753: 17750: 17748: 17745: 17743: 17740: 17738: 17735: 17733: 17730: 17728: 17725: 17723: 17720: 17718: 17715: 17713: 17710: 17708: 17705: 17703: 17700: 17698: 17695: 17693: 17690: 17688: 17685: 17683: 17680: 17678: 17675: 17673: 17670: 17668: 17665: 17663: 17660: 17658: 17655: 17653: 17650: 17648: 17645: 17643: 17640: 17638: 17635: 17633: 17630: 17628: 17625: 17623: 17620: 17618: 17615: 17613: 17610: 17608: 17605: 17603: 17600: 17598: 17595: 17594: 17592: 17590: 17589:Organizations 17586: 17580: 17577: 17575: 17572: 17570: 17567: 17565: 17562: 17560: 17557: 17555: 17552: 17550: 17547: 17545: 17542: 17540: 17537: 17535: 17532: 17530: 17527: 17525: 17522: 17520: 17517: 17515: 17512: 17510: 17509:George Habash 17507: 17505: 17502: 17500: 17497: 17495: 17492: 17490: 17489:Izzat Darwaza 17487: 17485: 17482: 17480: 17477: 17475: 17472: 17470: 17467: 17465: 17462: 17460: 17457: 17455: 17452: 17450: 17447: 17445: 17442: 17440: 17437: 17435: 17432: 17430: 17427: 17425: 17424:Yasser Arafat 17422: 17420: 17417: 17415: 17412: 17410: 17407: 17406: 17404: 17402: 17401:Personalities 17398: 17392: 17389: 17387: 17384: 17382: 17379: 17377: 17376:Arab identity 17374: 17373: 17371: 17367: 17361: 17358: 17356: 17353: 17351: 17348: 17346: 17343: 17341: 17338: 17336: 17333: 17331: 17328: 17326: 17323: 17321: 17318: 17316: 17313: 17311: 17308: 17306: 17303: 17301: 17298: 17296: 17293: 17291: 17290:Arab Cold War 17288: 17286: 17283: 17281: 17278: 17276: 17273: 17271: 17268: 17266: 17263: 17261: 17258: 17254: 17251: 17249: 17246: 17244: 17241: 17239: 17236: 17234: 17231: 17230: 17229: 17226: 17224: 17221: 17219: 17216: 17214: 17211: 17207: 17204: 17203: 17202: 17199: 17197: 17194: 17190: 17187: 17186: 17185: 17182: 17180: 17177: 17176: 17174: 17170: 17164: 17161: 17159: 17156: 17154: 17151: 17149: 17146: 17144: 17141: 17140: 17138: 17134: 17130: 17123: 17118: 17116: 17111: 17109: 17104: 17103: 17100: 17088: 17085: 17083: 17080: 17078: 17075: 17074: 17071: 17065: 17062: 17060: 17057: 17055: 17052: 17050: 17049:War on terror 17047: 17045: 17042: 17040: 17037: 17035: 17032: 17030: 17027: 17026: 17024: 17020: 17014: 17011: 17009: 17006: 17004: 17001: 16999: 16996: 16994: 16991: 16989: 16986: 16984: 16981: 16979: 16976: 16974: 16971: 16969: 16966: 16964: 16961: 16959: 16956: 16954: 16951: 16950: 16948: 16944:Espionage and 16942: 16936: 16933: 16931: 16928: 16926: 16923: 16921: 16918: 16916: 16913: 16911: 16908: 16906: 16903: 16901: 16898: 16896: 16895:Andrew Thorpe 16893: 16891: 16888: 16886: 16883: 16881: 16878: 16876: 16873: 16871: 16868: 16866: 16863: 16861: 16858: 16856: 16853: 16851: 16848: 16846: 16843: 16841: 16838: 16836: 16833: 16831: 16828: 16826: 16823: 16821: 16818: 16816: 16813: 16811: 16808: 16806: 16803: 16801: 16798: 16796: 16793: 16791: 16790:Gabriel Kolko 16788: 16786: 16783: 16781: 16778: 16776: 16773: 16771: 16768: 16766: 16763: 16761: 16758: 16756: 16755:Fred Halliday 16753: 16751: 16748: 16746: 16743: 16741: 16740:Lloyd Gardner 16738: 16736: 16733: 16731: 16728: 16726: 16723: 16721: 16718: 16716: 16713: 16711: 16708: 16706: 16703: 16701: 16700:Norman Davies 16698: 16696: 16693: 16691: 16688: 16686: 16685:John Costello 16683: 16681: 16678: 16676: 16673: 16671: 16668: 16666: 16663: 16661: 16658: 16656: 16653: 16652: 16650: 16646: 16640: 16637: 16635: 16632: 16630: 16627: 16626: 16624: 16620:Technological 16618: 16608: 16605: 16603: 16600: 16599: 16596: 16593: 16591: 16590: 16586: 16584: 16581: 16579: 16578: 16574: 16573: 16571: 16567: 16561: 16560: 16556: 16554: 16551: 16549: 16548: 16544: 16542: 16541: 16537: 16535: 16532: 16530: 16529: 16525: 16523: 16522: 16518: 16516: 16515: 16511: 16509: 16506: 16505: 16503: 16501:Pro-communist 16499: 16496: 16492: 16486: 16483: 16481: 16478: 16476: 16473: 16471: 16468: 16466: 16463: 16461: 16458: 16456: 16453: 16451: 16448: 16446: 16443: 16441: 16438: 16436: 16433: 16432: 16430: 16428:Organizations 16426: 16416: 16413: 16411: 16408: 16406: 16403: 16401: 16398: 16396: 16393: 16391: 16388: 16386: 16383: 16381: 16378: 16376: 16373: 16371: 16368: 16366: 16363: 16361: 16358: 16356: 16353: 16351: 16348: 16346: 16343: 16341: 16338: 16336: 16333: 16331: 16328: 16326: 16323: 16321: 16318: 16316: 16313: 16311: 16308: 16306: 16303: 16301: 16298: 16297: 16295: 16291: 16285: 16282: 16280: 16277: 16275: 16272: 16270: 16267: 16265: 16262: 16260: 16259: 16255: 16253: 16250: 16248: 16245: 16243: 16242:Eurocommunism 16240: 16238: 16235: 16233: 16230: 16228: 16225: 16224: 16222: 16220: 16216: 16210: 16207: 16205: 16202: 16200: 16197: 16195: 16192: 16190: 16187: 16185: 16182: 16180: 16177: 16173: 16170: 16169: 16168: 16165: 16163: 16160: 16158: 16155: 16154: 16152: 16150: 16146: 16143: 16139: 16133: 16130: 16128: 16125: 16123: 16120: 16118: 16115: 16113: 16110: 16108: 16105: 16103: 16100: 16098: 16095: 16093: 16090: 16088: 16085: 16083: 16080: 16078: 16075: 16073: 16072:Domino theory 16070: 16068: 16065: 16063: 16060: 16058: 16055: 16054: 16052: 16048: 16042: 16039: 16037: 16034: 16032: 16029: 16027: 16026:South Ossetia 16024: 16022: 16019: 16017: 16014: 16012: 16009: 16007: 16004: 16003: 16001: 15999: 15995: 15989: 15986: 15982: 15979: 15978: 15977: 15974: 15972: 15969: 15967: 15964: 15962: 15959: 15957: 15954: 15952: 15949: 15947: 15944: 15942: 15939: 15937: 15934: 15933: 15931: 15927: 15921: 15918: 15916: 15913: 15911: 15908: 15906: 15903: 15901: 15898: 15896: 15893: 15891: 15888: 15886: 15883: 15881: 15878: 15876: 15873: 15871: 15868: 15866: 15863: 15861: 15858: 15856: 15853: 15851: 15848: 15846: 15843: 15841: 15838: 15836: 15833: 15831: 15828: 15826: 15823: 15820: 15816: 15813: 15811: 15810:8888 Uprising 15808: 15806: 15803: 15801: 15798: 15796: 15793: 15791: 15788: 15786: 15783: 15781: 15778: 15776: 15773: 15771: 15768: 15766: 15763: 15761: 15758: 15756: 15755:Iran–Iraq War 15753: 15751: 15748: 15746: 15743: 15741: 15738: 15736: 15733: 15731: 15728: 15726: 15723: 15721: 15720:Falklands War 15718: 15716: 15713: 15711: 15708: 15706: 15703: 15701: 15698: 15696: 15693: 15691: 15688: 15684: 15681: 15680: 15679: 15676: 15674: 15671: 15669: 15666: 15664: 15660: 15657: 15655: 15652: 15650: 15647: 15646: 15644: 15640: 15634: 15631: 15629: 15626: 15624: 15621: 15619: 15616: 15614: 15611: 15609: 15606: 15604: 15601: 15599: 15596: 15594: 15591: 15589: 15586: 15584: 15583:NDF Rebellion 15581: 15579: 15576: 15574: 15571: 15569: 15566: 15564: 15563:German Autumn 15561: 15559: 15556: 15554: 15551: 15549: 15546: 15544: 15543: 15538: 15536: 15533: 15531: 15528: 15526: 15523: 15521: 15518: 15516: 15513: 15511: 15508: 15506: 15503: 15501: 15498: 15496: 15493: 15491: 15488: 15486: 15483: 15481: 15478: 15476: 15473: 15471: 15468: 15466: 15463: 15461: 15458: 15456: 15453: 15451: 15450:Metapolitefsi 15448: 15446: 15443: 15441: 15438: 15436: 15433: 15431: 15428: 15426: 15423: 15421: 15418: 15416: 15413: 15411: 15408: 15406: 15403: 15401: 15398: 15396: 15393: 15391: 15388: 15386: 15383: 15381: 15378: 15376: 15373: 15371: 15368: 15366: 15363: 15361: 15358: 15356: 15353: 15351: 15348: 15346: 15345: 15341: 15339: 15336: 15334: 15331: 15329: 15326: 15324: 15321: 15319: 15316: 15314: 15311: 15309: 15306: 15304: 15301: 15299: 15296: 15294: 15291: 15290: 15288: 15284: 15278: 15275: 15273: 15270: 15268: 15265: 15263: 15260: 15258: 15255: 15251: 15248: 15247: 15246: 15243: 15241: 15238: 15236: 15233: 15231: 15228: 15226: 15223: 15221: 15219: 15214: 15212: 15211:Prague Spring 15209: 15205: 15202: 15201: 15200: 15197: 15195: 15192: 15190: 15189:Al-Wadiah War 15187: 15185: 15182: 15180: 15177: 15175: 15172: 15170: 15167: 15165: 15162: 15160: 15157: 15155: 15154:12-3 incident 15152: 15150: 15147: 15145: 15142: 15140: 15137: 15135: 15132: 15130: 15127: 15125: 15122: 15120: 15117: 15115: 15112: 15110: 15107: 15105: 15102: 15100: 15097: 15095: 15092: 15090: 15087: 15083: 15080: 15079: 15078: 15075: 15073: 15070: 15068: 15065: 15063: 15060: 15058: 15055: 15053: 15050: 15048: 15045: 15043: 15040: 15038: 15035: 15033: 15030: 15028: 15025: 15023: 15020: 15018: 15015: 15011: 15008: 15006: 15003: 15001: 14998: 14997: 14996: 14993: 14991: 14988: 14986: 14983: 14981: 14978: 14976: 14973: 14971: 14968: 14966: 14963: 14959: 14956: 14955: 14954: 14951: 14947: 14944: 14943: 14942: 14939: 14937: 14934: 14932: 14929: 14927: 14924: 14922: 14919: 14917: 14914: 14913: 14911: 14907: 14901: 14898: 14894: 14891: 14890: 14889: 14886: 14884: 14881: 14879: 14876: 14874: 14871: 14869: 14866: 14864: 14861: 14859: 14856: 14854: 14851: 14849: 14846: 14844: 14841: 14839: 14836: 14834: 14833: 14828: 14825: 14821: 14819: 14816: 14814: 14811: 14809: 14806: 14804: 14801: 14798: 14794: 14792: 14789: 14787: 14784: 14782: 14779: 14777: 14774: 14772: 14769: 14767: 14764: 14762: 14759: 14757: 14754: 14752: 14751: 14746: 14744: 14741: 14739: 14736: 14734: 14733:Domino theory 14731: 14729: 14728:Petrov Affair 14726: 14724: 14721: 14719: 14716: 14714: 14711: 14709: 14706: 14704: 14701: 14699: 14696: 14694: 14691: 14689: 14686: 14684: 14681: 14679: 14676: 14674: 14671: 14669: 14666: 14665: 14663: 14659: 14653: 14650: 14648: 14645: 14643: 14640: 14636: 14633: 14632: 14631: 14628: 14626: 14623: 14621: 14618: 14616: 14613: 14611: 14608: 14606: 14605:Madiun Affair 14603: 14601: 14598: 14596: 14593: 14591: 14588: 14586: 14583: 14581: 14578: 14576: 14573: 14571: 14568: 14566: 14565:Marshall Plan 14563: 14559: 14556: 14554: 14551: 14549: 14546: 14545: 14544: 14541: 14539: 14536: 14534: 14531: 14529: 14526: 14524: 14521: 14519: 14516: 14514: 14511: 14509: 14506: 14504: 14501: 14499: 14496: 14494: 14491: 14489: 14486: 14484: 14481: 14479: 14476: 14474: 14473: 14468: 14466: 14465: 14460: 14458: 14457: 14452: 14450: 14447: 14445: 14442: 14440: 14437: 14435: 14434: 14429: 14427: 14424: 14420: 14417: 14415: 14414: 14409: 14407: 14406: 14401: 14400: 14399: 14396: 14394: 14391: 14389: 14386: 14384: 14381: 14379: 14376: 14375: 14373: 14369: 14363: 14360: 14358: 14355: 14353: 14350: 14348: 14345: 14343: 14340: 14338: 14335: 14333: 14330: 14328: 14325: 14323: 14322: 14318: 14316: 14315: 14314:United States 14311: 14310: 14307: 14303: 14296: 14291: 14289: 14284: 14282: 14277: 14276: 14273: 14257: 14253: 14249: 14246: 14244: 14241: 14239: 14236: 14234: 14231: 14230: 14229: 14225: 14223: 14219: 14218: 14216: 14209: 14203: 14199: 14197: 14193: 14191: 14187: 14185: 14181: 14179: 14175: 14173: 14169: 14165: 14163: 14159: 14155: 14151: 14147: 14145: 14141: 14137: 14135: 14131: 14129: 14125: 14121: 14119: 14115: 14113: 14109: 14107: 14103: 14099: 14097: 14093: 14091: 14087: 14085: 14081: 14079: 14075: 14071: 14069: 14065: 14063: 14059: 14058: 14056: 14052: 14046: 14042: 14040: 14036: 14034: 14030: 14028: 14024: 14022: 14018: 14016: 14011: 14007: 14003: 13999: 13997: 13993: 13989: 13987: 13983: 13979: 13977: 13973: 13969: 13967: 13963: 13959: 13957: 13953: 13951: 13947: 13943: 13941: 13937: 13936: 13934: 13930: 13924: 13920: 13918: 13914: 13912: 13909:1946–47 13908: 13906: 13902: 13900: 13896: 13894: 13890: 13888: 13884: 13882: 13878: 13876: 13872: 13870: 13866: 13864: 13860: 13858: 13854: 13850: 13848: 13844: 13842: 13838: 13836: 13832: 13830: 13826: 13825: 13823: 13819: 13815: 13807: 13802: 13800: 13795: 13793: 13788: 13787: 13784: 13780: 13766: 13762: 13758: 13757: 13752: 13748: 13747: 13746:Breaking Dawn 13742: 13738: 13734: 13730: 13729: 13724: 13720: 13716: 13712: 13708: 13704: 13700: 13696: 13692: 13688: 13684: 13680: 13679: 13674: 13670: 13669: 13664: 13660: 13656: 13652: 13648: 13644: 13640: 13636: 13635: 13630: 13629: 13626: 13622: 13618: 13614: 13610: 13609: 13608:Autumn Clouds 13604: 13600: 13599: 13594: 13590: 13589: 13584: 13580: 13576: 13572: 13568: 13564: 13560: 13559: 13557: 13553: 13545: 13544: 13539: 13535: 13534: 13529: 13525: 13521: 13517: 13513: 13512: 13507: 13503: 13499: 13495: 13491: 13487: 13483: 13479: 13475: 13471: 13470: 13465: 13461: 13457: 13453: 13449: 13445: 13441: 13437: 13436: 13431: 13427: 13423: 13422: 13420: 13416: 13408: 13407: 13402: 13398: 13394: 13390: 13389: 13384: 13380: 13376: 13372: 13368: 13364: 13360: 13356: 13355: 13350: 13346: 13342: 13338: 13334: 13330: 13326: 13322: 13318: 13314: 13313: 13308: 13304: 13300: 13296: 13292: 13288: 13284: 13280: 13276: 13272: 13271:Samu incident 13268: 13267: 13265: 13261: 13253: 13249: 13245: 13241: 13237: 13233: 13230: 13226: 13225: 13223: 13219: 13215: 13208: 13203: 13201: 13196: 13194: 13189: 13188: 13185: 13181: 13171: 13168: 13166: 13163: 13162: 13160: 13158:Former states 13156: 13150: 13147: 13145: 13142: 13141: 13139: 13137:Transnational 13135: 13129: 13126: 13124: 13123:United States 13121: 13119: 13116: 13114: 13111: 13109: 13106: 13104: 13101: 13099: 13096: 13094: 13091: 13089: 13086: 13085: 13083: 13079: 13069: 13066: 13064: 13061: 13059: 13056: 13054: 13051: 13049: 13046: 13044: 13041: 13039: 13038:Holy War Army 13036: 13034: 13031: 13029: 13026: 13024: 13021: 13019: 13016: 13015: 13013: 13009: 13003: 13000: 12998: 12995: 12993: 12990: 12988: 12985: 12983: 12980: 12978: 12975: 12973: 12970: 12968: 12965: 12963: 12960: 12958: 12955: 12953: 12950: 12948: 12945: 12943: 12940: 12938: 12935: 12933: 12930: 12928: 12925: 12923: 12920: 12918: 12915: 12913: 12912:Army of Islam 12910: 12908: 12905: 12903: 12900: 12898: 12895: 12893: 12890: 12888: 12885: 12884: 12882: 12878: 12875: 12873:Organizations 12871: 12865: 12861: 12858: 12856: 12853: 12851: 12848: 12846: 12843: 12841: 12838: 12836: 12832: 12831:Iraqi Kingdom 12829: 12827: 12824: 12822: 12818: 12815: 12813: 12812:All-Palestine 12810: 12809: 12807: 12801: 12794:Organizations 12793: 12790: 12787: 12786: 12780: 12775: 12773: 12768: 12766: 12761: 12760: 12757: 12753: 12749: 12742: 12737: 12735: 12730: 12728: 12723: 12722: 12719: 12706: 12703: 12700: 12697: 12694: 12691: 12688: 12685: 12682: 12679: 12676: 12673: 12670: 12667: 12664: 12661: 12658: 12655: 12652: 12649: 12646: 12643: 12640: 12637: 12634: 12631: 12628: 12625: 12622: 12619: 12616: 12613: 12610: 12607: 12604: 12601: 12600: 12597: 12593: 12586: 12581: 12579: 12574: 12572: 12567: 12566: 12563: 12556: 12552: 12549: 12546: 12543: 12542: 12537: 12534: 12531: 12528: 12525: 12521: 12518: 12515: 12513: 12510: 12507: 12504: 12502: 12499: 12496: 12493: 12490: 12486: 12483: 12480: 12478: 12475: 12473: 12469: 12468:"Six-Day War" 12466: 12464: 12460: 12455: 12453: 12449: 12444: 12442: 12438: 12433: 12431: 12428: 12426: 12423: 12420: 12417: 12416: 12406: 12402: 12399: 12398: 12392: 12380: 12376: 12371: 12366: 12364: 12360: 12356: 12352: 12349: 12346: 12342: 12330: 12326: 12322: 12317: 12315: 12311: 12307: 12303: 12300: 12296: 12284: 12280: 12276: 12271: 12269: 12265: 12261: 12257: 12254: 12250: 12246: 12242: 12239: 12235: 12234: 12229: 12225: 12219: 12215: 12210: 12208: 12204: 12200: 12196: 12193: 12189: 12187: 12183: 12179: 12175: 12173: 12169: 12165: 12161: 12158: 12155: 12154: 12150: 12147: 12142: 12140: 12136: 12132: 12128: 12126: 12122: 12118: 12114: 12111: 12107: 12103: 12099: 12097: 12093: 12089: 12085: 12083: 12079: 12075: 12071: 12069: 12065: 12061: 12057: 12055: 12051: 12047: 12043: 12041: 12037: 12033: 12029: 12026: 12023: 12019: 12015: 12000: 11996: 11992: 11988: 11984: 11977: 11972: 11969: 11965: 11961: 11957: 11954: 11950: 11946: 11942: 11939: 11935: 11931: 11928: 11924: 11921: 11917: 11913: 11909: 11906: 11902: 11898: 11897: 11893: 11890: 11885: 11883: 11879: 11875: 11871: 11870:Morris, Benny 11868: 11866: 11862: 11858: 11854: 11852: 11848: 11844: 11840: 11838: 11834: 11830: 11826: 11823: 11819: 11817: 11813: 11809: 11806: 11802: 11798: 11794: 11791: 11787: 11783: 11779: 11767: 11763: 11757: 11753: 11752: 11746: 11744: 11740: 11736: 11732: 11729: 11725: 11722: 11718: 11714: 11713: 11709: 11706: 11701: 11698: 11694: 11690: 11688: 11684: 11680: 11676: 11674: 11670: 11666: 11662: 11659: 11655: 11651: 11646: 11644: 11640: 11636: 11632: 11629: 11625: 11621: 11617: 11614: 11610: 11608: 11604: 11600: 11596: 11593: 11592: 11587: 11583: 11580: 11576: 11574: 11570: 11567:. Routledge. 11566: 11562: 11559: 11555: 11552: 11548: 11544: 11540: 11536: 11534:, p. 142 11533: 11529: 11525: 11521: 11519:, p. 112 11518: 11514: 11510: 11506: 11504: 11500: 11496: 11492: 11489: 11488: 11484: 11481: 11477:(June 2017). 11476: 11473: 11461: 11457: 11451: 11447: 11446: 11440: 11428: 11424: 11420: 11415: 11412: 11408: 11404: 11400: 11397: 11395: 11391: 11387: 11383: 11380: 11378: 11374: 11371:. Brassey's. 11370: 11366: 11364: 11360: 11356: 11352: 11350: 11346: 11342: 11338: 11334: 11332: 11328: 11324: 11320: 11317: 11313: 11310:. Routledge. 11309: 11305: 11303: 11299: 11295: 11291: 11288: 11284: 11280: 11276: 11274: 11270: 11266: 11262: 11259: 11255: 11251: 11247: 11245: 11241: 11237: 11233: 11230: 11226: 11224: 11220: 11216: 11212: 11208: 11202: 11198: 11193: 11190: 11186: 11183: 11179: 11175: 11172: 11168: 11164: 11163: 11158: 11156: 11152: 11148: 11144: 11141: 11137: 11136: 11121: 11117: 11113: 11109: 11102: 11097: 11085: 11081: 11075: 11071: 11070: 11064: 11052: 11048: 11042: 11038: 11037: 11031: 11027: 11021: 11017: 11012: 11010: 11005: 10999: 10994: 10993: 10986: 10982: 10976: 10973:. Brassey's. 10972: 10967: 10955: 10951: 10945: 10941: 10940: 10934: 10930: 10924: 10920: 10915: 10913: 10909: 10904: 10898: 10894: 10889: 10885: 10879: 10875: 10870: 10866: 10860: 10856: 10851: 10847: 10842: 10837: 10831: 10827: 10826: 10820: 10816: 10810: 10806: 10801: 10797: 10791: 10787: 10782: 10770: 10766: 10760: 10756: 10755: 10749: 10737: 10733: 10727: 10723: 10722: 10717: 10716:Quigley, John 10713: 10709: 10703: 10699: 10694: 10690: 10686: 10682: 10678: 10674: 10670: 10666: 10662: 10650: 10646: 10640: 10636: 10635: 10630: 10626: 10614: 10610: 10604: 10600: 10599: 10593: 10589: 10583: 10579: 10574: 10570: 10564: 10560: 10556: 10552: 10548: 10542: 10537: 10536: 10530: 10526: 10514: 10510: 10504: 10500: 10499: 10493: 10489: 10483: 10479: 10475: 10474:Morris, Benny 10471: 10467: 10461: 10457: 10453: 10452:Morris, Benny 10449: 10445: 10439: 10435: 10434: 10428: 10424: 10418: 10414: 10409: 10405: 10399: 10395: 10391: 10387: 10383: 10377: 10373: 10369: 10368:Herzog, Chaim 10365: 10361: 10355: 10351: 10347: 10346:Herzog, Chaim 10343: 10339: 10333: 10329: 10325: 10320: 10316: 10310: 10306: 10301: 10297: 10291: 10287: 10282: 10278: 10272: 10268: 10263: 10260: 10256: 10253: 10249: 10245: 10239: 10233: 10229: 10224: 10212: 10208: 10202: 10198: 10197: 10191: 10179: 10175: 10174: 10168: 10164: 10158: 10154: 10149: 10143: 10137: 10133: 10132: 10126: 10125: 10114: 10110: 10104: 10100: 10099: 10093: 10081: 10077: 10071: 10067: 10066: 10060: 10056: 10052: 10048: 10044: 10040: 10036: 10031: 10027: 10021: 10017: 10012: 10008: 10004: 10000: 9996: 9992: 9988: 9984: 9980: 9975: 9971: 9965: 9961: 9956: 9944: 9940: 9934: 9930: 9929: 9923: 9919: 9913: 9909: 9904: 9900: 9894: 9890: 9886: 9885:Gary A. Olson 9881: 9877: 9871: 9867: 9862: 9861: 9848: 9843: 9836: 9831: 9824: 9823:Bailey (1990) 9819: 9817: 9800: 9796: 9792: 9785: 9777: 9771: 9755: 9751: 9744: 9728: 9724: 9720: 9713: 9706: 9700: 9691: 9684: 9678: 9662: 9658: 9652: 9648: 9647: 9639: 9632: 9620: 9616: 9610: 9606: 9605: 9597: 9590: 9585: 9578: 9577:Shlaim (2007) 9573: 9566: 9565:Herzog (1989) 9561: 9554: 9541: 9537: 9533: 9529: 9523: 9519: 9515: 9511: 9510: 9502: 9495: 9489: 9482: 9469: 9465: 9461: 9457: 9453: 9449: 9445: 9441: 9434: 9427: 9414: 9410: 9406: 9402: 9398: 9394: 9390: 9386: 9379: 9372: 9359: 9355: 9351: 9347: 9341: 9337: 9336: 9328: 9326: 9324: 9316: 9312: 9309: 9304: 9297: 9293: 9292: 9288: 9284: 9281: 9276: 9269: 9263: 9247: 9243: 9237: 9233: 9232: 9224: 9217: 9212: 9196: 9192: 9186: 9182: 9181: 9173: 9157: 9153: 9147: 9143: 9142: 9134: 9118: 9114: 9108: 9104: 9103: 9095: 9079: 9075: 9071: 9065: 9057: 9053: 9051: 9043: 9037: 9033: 9030: 9027:Tolts, Mark. 9024: 9008: 9004: 9000: 8994: 8987: 8983: 8980: 8975: 8968: 8963: 8955: 8951: 8944: 8928: 8924: 8923: 8918: 8911: 8904: 8900: 8897: 8892: 8885: 8884: 8879: 8875: 8872: 8867: 8860: 8856: 8853: 8848: 8840: 8834: 8830: 8826: 8825: 8817: 8810: 8806: 8801: 8785: 8781: 8777: 8771: 8764: 8759: 8752: 8748: 8744: 8741: 8735: 8719: 8715: 8713: 8708: 8702: 8695: 8694:Morris (2001) 8690: 8674: 8670: 8664: 8647: 8643: 8639: 8633: 8626: 8613: 8609: 8603: 8599: 8598: 8590: 8583: 8579: 8575: 8571: 8567: 8562: 8556:, p. 12. 8555: 8554:Youngs (2001) 8550: 8543: 8538: 8531: 8527: 8523: 8519: 8514: 8507: 8506: 8501: 8497: 8493: 8490:Tim Fischer, 8487: 8471: 8467: 8466: 8461: 8454: 8447: 8442: 8436:, p. 75. 8435: 8430: 8424:, p. 60. 8423: 8418: 8411: 8406: 8390: 8386: 8382: 8376: 8369: 8364: 8357: 8352: 8345: 8340: 8333: 8328: 8322:, p. 89. 8321: 8316: 8308: 8301: 8294: 8289: 8283:, p. 89. 8282: 8277: 8261: 8257: 8253: 8246: 8231: 8227: 8221: 8205: 8201: 8197: 8190: 8183: 8177: 8170: 8165: 8158: 8153: 8146: 8141: 8134: 8128: 8120: 8116: 8112: 8111:"Mass Graves" 8109:Bron, Gabby. 8105: 8098: 8093: 8077: 8073: 8069: 8065: 8058: 8051: 8047: 8042: 8035: 8023: 8019: 8013: 8009: 8008: 8000: 7994:(5 June 1967) 7993: 7989: 7986: 7981: 7965: 7961: 7955: 7948: 7943: 7936: 7931: 7924: 7919: 7912: 7907: 7905: 7903: 7895: 7894:Sachar (1976) 7890: 7874: 7870: 7864: 7857: 7856:Eshkol (1967) 7852: 7836: 7832: 7831: 7826: 7820: 7813: 7808: 7792: 7788: 7784: 7783: 7776: 7769: 7764: 7757: 7752: 7750: 7748: 7740: 7735: 7733: 7731: 7723: 7718: 7711: 7710:Hammel (1992) 7706: 7699: 7698:Morris (2001) 7694: 7688:, p. 375 7687: 7683: 7679: 7675: 7670: 7663: 7658: 7656: 7648: 7643: 7636: 7635:Sachar (1976) 7631: 7629: 7627: 7619: 7618:Mutawi (2002) 7614: 7607: 7602: 7600: 7592: 7591:Shlaim (2007) 7587: 7580: 7579:Mutawi (2002) 7575: 7573: 7564: 7558: 7554: 7547: 7539: 7533: 7529: 7522: 7515: 7510: 7503: 7502:Mutawi (2002) 7498: 7491: 7490:Mutawi (2002) 7486: 7471: 7467: 7461: 7457: 7456: 7448: 7441: 7440:Mutawi (2002) 7436: 7434: 7426: 7421: 7414: 7409: 7407: 7399: 7394: 7392: 7390: 7381: 7377: 7371: 7363: 7357: 7355: 7353: 7345: 7340: 7338: 7336: 7334: 7326: 7321: 7319: 7302: 7298: 7294: 7287: 7280: 7275: 7268: 7267:Shlaim (2007) 7263: 7261: 7253: 7248: 7232: 7228: 7222: 7215: 7210: 7208: 7206: 7198: 7197:Shlaim (2007) 7193: 7191: 7189: 7181: 7176: 7174: 7157: 7154:(in Hebrew). 7153: 7149: 7143: 7127: 7123: 7122: 7117: 7111: 7104: 7100: 7096: 7095:Shlaim (2000) 7091: 7089: 7081: 7069: 7063: 7059: 7054: 7053: 7044: 7037: 7033: 7029: 7026: 7020: 7013: 7008: 7001: 6996: 6989: 6984: 6977: 6972: 6970: 6953: 6949: 6945: 6938: 6931: 6926: 6919: 6914: 6906: 6899: 6892: 6891:Hammel (1992) 6887: 6885: 6877: 6872: 6870: 6862: 6858: 6855: 6854: 6850:Leslie Stein, 6847: 6840: 6835: 6828: 6823: 6815: 6809: 6805: 6798: 6782: 6778: 6777:"Six Day War" 6772: 6765: 6760: 6758: 6750: 6745: 6738: 6733: 6731: 6729: 6727: 6710: 6706: 6705: 6700: 6694: 6692: 6684: 6679: 6672: 6667: 6665: 6656: 6650: 6645: 6638: 6634: 6633:Morris (2001) 6630: 6625: 6618: 6613: 6606: 6605:court-martial 6602: 6597: 6590: 6585: 6583: 6575: 6570: 6563: 6558: 6550: 6544: 6540: 6535: 6534: 6525: 6523: 6521: 6514: 6510: 6506: 6500: 6494: 6490: 6484: 6478:, p. 58. 6477: 6472: 6456: 6452: 6448: 6442: 6426: 6422: 6418: 6412: 6396: 6392: 6388: 6382: 6366: 6362: 6356: 6352: 6351: 6343: 6327: 6323: 6319: 6313: 6306: 6301: 6293: 6289: 6284: 6277: 6272: 6256: 6252: 6248: 6242: 6235: 6231: 6226: 6210: 6206: 6205: 6200: 6193: 6186: 6181: 6174: 6170: 6167: 6163: 6159: 6155: 6152: 6146: 6130: 6126: 6120: 6116: 6115: 6107: 6100: 6096: 6091: 6084: 6083:Morris (1999) 6079: 6072: 6059: 6055: 6049: 6043:, p. 12. 6042: 6037: 6030: 6029:Mutawi (2002) 6025: 6018: 6017:Shlaim (2007) 6013: 6006: 6005:Herzog (1982) 6001: 5994: 5990: 5985: 5978: 5965: 5961: 5955: 5951: 5950: 5942: 5935: 5930: 5923: 5918: 5911: 5906: 5899: 5894: 5887: 5882: 5876:, p. 21. 5875: 5870: 5863: 5857: 5850: 5845: 5829: 5825: 5819: 5812: 5811:Sachar (2007) 5807: 5801:, p. 30. 5800: 5795: 5788: 5775: 5771: 5765: 5761: 5760: 5752: 5736: 5732: 5726: 5712: 5707: 5705: 5698:, p. 81. 5697: 5696:Bowker (2003) 5692: 5690: 5682: 5678: 5673: 5671: 5663: 5662:Mutawi (2002) 5658: 5642: 5638: 5637: 5632: 5626: 5624: 5615: 5609: 5593: 5589: 5585: 5578: 5571: 5567: 5562: 5560: 5551: 5545: 5541: 5538: 5537: 5529: 5522: 5512: 5506: 5502: 5498: 5497: 5492: 5486: 5479: 5473: 5471: 5463: 5461: 5453: 5443: 5436: 5431: 5415: 5411: 5407: 5401: 5399: 5397: 5395: 5393: 5385: 5381: 5376: 5369: 5364: 5358: 5355: 5350: 5348: 5341: 5338: 5337:Sachar (2013) 5333: 5331: 5322: 5316: 5312: 5308: 5307: 5299: 5297: 5289: 5285: 5284:Tucker (2010) 5280: 5278: 5270: 5269: 5265: 5262: 5255: 5253: 5251: 5249: 5241: 5240:Herzog (1982) 5236: 5234: 5224: 5222: 5214: 5208: 5202: 5200: 5196: 5193: 5186: 5184: 5176: 5171: 5169: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5154: 5148: 5144: 5137: 5135: 5127: 5122: 5120: 5118: 5116: 5114: 5107:, p. 42. 5106: 5105:Mutawi (2002) 5101: 5099: 5092:, p. 76. 5091: 5086: 5084: 5076: 5075:Morris (2001) 5071: 5069: 5061: 5056: 5054: 5047:, p. 59. 5046: 5041: 5039: 5037: 5035: 5033: 5025: 5024:Tucker (2004) 5020: 5018: 5010: 5006: 5005:Tucker (2015) 5001: 4994: 4990: 4985: 4983: 4981: 4973: 4968: 4966: 4958: 4953: 4949: 4945: 4941: 4937: 4933: 4929: 4925: 4918: 4916: 4908: 4896: 4892: 4888: 4882: 4874: 4872:9781474291019 4868: 4864: 4857: 4850: 4845: 4843: 4841: 4839: 4822: 4818: 4814: 4810: 4806: 4799: 4795: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4766: 4756: 4746: 4738: 4710: 4701: 4696: 4687: 4682: 4678: 4668: 4665: 4662: 4659: 4654: 4653:Gideon Rafael 4651: 4650: 4649: 4648: 4647: 4646: 4641: 4640: 4636: 4632: 4628: 4621: 4620: 4616: 4615: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4586: 4583: 4580: 4579: 4575: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4563: 4557: 4555: 4550: 4546: 4541: 4539: 4534: 4530: 4522: 4521:Golan Heights 4518: 4514: 4509: 4500: 4498: 4494: 4490: 4486: 4482: 4477: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4465: 4461: 4456: 4452: 4447: 4443: 4441: 4437: 4433: 4427: 4422: 4420: 4412: 4408: 4404: 4400: 4396: 4392: 4387: 4378: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4367:George Habash 4364: 4360: 4356: 4346: 4344: 4334: 4332: 4321: 4319: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4303: 4297: 4295: 4291: 4285: 4275: 4273: 4269: 4265: 4261: 4243: 4232: 4227: 4224: 4220: 4216: 4212: 4208: 4207:United States 4204: 4200: 4195: 4193: 4189: 4188:Joseph's Tomb 4185: 4181: 4180:Rachel's Tomb 4177: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4160: 4158: 4153: 4149: 4145: 4140: 4138: 4127: 4119:, a total of 4118: 4117: 4089: 4071: 4062: 4057: 4045: 4032: 4030: 4026: 4025:New Historian 4022: 4017: 4015: 4014:Golan Heights 4011: 3976: 3967: 3958: 3955: 3951: 3946: 3944: 3934: 3925: 3923: 3920: 3916: 3913: 3909: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3894: 3890: 3889: 3881: 3873: 3867: 3865: 3861: 3855: 3852: 3848: 3843: 3840: 3829: 3820: 3815: 3804: 3797:Controversies 3794: 3792: 3788: 3784: 3779: 3767: 3757: 3755: 3750: 3748: 3743: 3739: 3734: 3729: 3727: 3726:Yitzhak Rabin 3723: 3718: 3716: 3712: 3711:Golan Heights 3708: 3704: 3700: 3696: 3688: 3672: 3669: 3662: 3655: 3651: 3641: 3639: 3635: 3634: 3629: 3627: 3621: 3618: 3613: 3609: 3600: 3596: 3589: 3574: 3570: 3568: 3563: 3559: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3525: 3523: 3519: 3510: 3501: 3499: 3495: 3491: 3485: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3471: 3467: 3462: 3459: 3454: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3429: 3426: 3422: 3418: 3412: 3407: 3404: 3402: 3401:She'ar Yashuv 3398: 3394: 3387: 3382: 3378: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3364:lost some 32 3363: 3358: 3356: 3355:Hawker Hunter 3353: 3349: 3345: 3340: 3332: 3324: 3318:Golan Heights 3314: 3309: 3307: 3302: 3298: 3296: 3295:Golan Heights 3292: 3287: 3281: 3279: 3275: 3267: 3266:Yitzhak Rabin 3263: 3259: 3254: 3250: 3248: 3244: 3243:1929 massacre 3240: 3236: 3232: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3203: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3165: 3159: 3153: 3150: 3147: 3146: 3145: 3140: 3138: 3133: 3126:The West Bank 3123: 3121: 3115: 3113: 3109: 3099: 3095: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3079: 3077: 3071: 3068: 3063: 3061: 3057: 3051: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3036: 3034: 3030: 3029:Harel Brigade 3026: 3021: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3006: 3004: 3003:Harel Brigade 3000: 2995: 2989: 2987: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2969:no-man's land 2965: 2963: 2962:Mordechai Gur 2959: 2955: 2954:Harel Brigade 2945: 2940: 2930: 2928: 2924: 2919: 2915: 2913: 2912:Jabel Mukaber 2908: 2899: 2894: 2885: 2883: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2859: 2855: 2850: 2847: 2837: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2826:Yitzhak Rabin 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2810:Menahem Begin 2807: 2803: 2793: 2791: 2787: 2786:Tupolev Tu-16 2783: 2779: 2775: 2770: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2720: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2687: 2677: 2674: 2669: 2667: 2654: 2649: 2640: 2634: 2631: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2619: 2618: 2615: 2613: 2608: 2605: 2604:Nord Noratlas 2601: 2600:missile boats 2597: 2593: 2588: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2564:combat divers 2561: 2556: 2553: 2549: 2544: 2540: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2513: 2510: 2501: 2479: 2469: 2466: 2458: 2448: 2444: 2438: 2437: 2432:This section 2430: 2426: 2421: 2420: 2412: 2410: 2406: 2401: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2386: 2383: 2373: 2371: 2366: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2351:Paul Schutzer 2348: 2343: 2340: 2339:Yitzhak Rabin 2336: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2319: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2289: 2284: 2283:friendly fire 2277: 2272: 2268: 2266: 2265:Yekutiel Adam 2262: 2256: 2252: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2197: 2193: 2188: 2183: 2173: 2171: 2167: 2166:Avraham Yoffe 2162: 2159: 2153: 2151: 2142: 2133: 2129: 2127: 2126:Sheikh Zuweid 2122: 2120: 2114: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2099: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2086:and south of 2085: 2081: 2071: 2067: 2057: 2053: 2048: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2004: 1999: 1991: 1982: 1978: 1976: 1975:air supremacy 1971: 1969: 1965: 1964:Hawk missiles 1960: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1935: 1932: 1927: 1925: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1891: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1864: 1862: 1854: 1849: 1841: 1836: 1830: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1772: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1743: 1740: 1739: 1736: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1722: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1713: 1710: 1709:Sikorsky S-58 1706: 1703: 1701: 1697: 1694: 1691: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1655:Hawker Hunter 1652: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1617: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1591: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1569: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1537: 1535: 1531: 1528: 1527: 1522: 1521:105 mm L7 gun 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1491:Jagdpanzer IV 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1442: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1411: 1406: 1398: 1396: 1392: 1386: 1384: 1378: 1376: 1371: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1360:Hawker Hunter 1357: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1331:Jordan Valley 1328: 1310: 1305: 1302: 1290: 1288: 1268: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1253:Mordechai Gur 1250: 1249:Harel Brigade 1246: 1243:and were the 1242: 1231: 1226: 1206: 1203: 1193: 1192: 1186: 1182: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1162: 1160: 1156: 1149: 1144: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1129: 1124: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1082: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1062: 1052: 1050: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1020:Golan Heights 1016: 1014: 1011: 1007: 1005: 999: 993: 991: 987: 983: 979: 978:air supremacy 974: 969: 966: 962: 961: 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 919: 913: 909: 905: 901: 897: 893: 889: 885: 881: 862: 859: 857: 856: 852: 851: 850: 849: 845: 844: 839: 837: 832: 831: 830: 829: 825: 824: 819: 816: 814: 811: 809: 806: 804: 801: 800: 799: 798: 795: 792: 791: 786: 783: 781: 778: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 765: 761: 760: 759: 758: 754: 753: 748: 745: 744: 743: 742: 738: 737: 732: 727: 719: 714: 712: 707: 705: 700: 699: 696: 683: 679: 675: 670: 664: 659: 652: 649: 643:2,500 wounded 639: 631: 623: 619: 611:4,517 wounded 607: 604: 603: 598: 591:465,000 total 589: 583: 577: 567: 563:75,000 troops 561: 557:900–950 tanks 551:160,000 total 549: 546: 540:264,000 total 538: 535: 534: 529: 526: 525: 513: 502: 491: 490: 478: 477:Ahmed Suidani 467: 456: 455: 443: 432: 421: 420:Mohamed Fawzi 410: 399: 397: 385: 383: 372: 361: 350: 339: 338:Mordechai Hod 328: 316: 304: 293: 282: 281:Yitzhak Rabin 271: 260: 259: 248: 247: 242: 238: 226: 221: 210: 209: 196: 195: 182: 180: 168: 166: 165: 153: 152: 147: 137: 133: 129: 126: 122: 118: 115: 114:Golan Heights 111: 110: 109: 106: 101: 100: 96: 93: 92: 88: 84: 81: 80: 77:(6 days) 74: 71: 70: 66: 60: 55: 52: 47: 42: 37: 33: 19: 17918:Pan-Islamism 17796: 17789: 17782: 17682:Ba'ath Party 17559:Ameen Rihani 17419:Jassem Alwan 17414:Michel Aflaq 17270:Algerian War 17237: 17196:Iraqi Revolt 17054:Brinkmanship 16946:intelligence 16835:Marius Oprea 16785:Harvey Klehr 16715:Herbert Feis 16705:Willem Drees 16670:Archie Brown 16587: 16575: 16557: 16547:Trybuna Ludu 16545: 16538: 16534:Radio Moscow 16526: 16519: 16512: 16340:Anti-Zionism 16256: 16179:Keynesianism 16167:Conservatism 16031:Transnistria 16011:China-Taiwan 15668:Gera Demands 15541: 15342: 15217: 15173: 15022:El Porteñazo 14916:Congo Crisis 14831: 14766:Algerian War 14749: 14625:Western Bloc 14620:Eastern Bloc 14615:Iron Curtain 14471: 14463: 14455: 14432: 14412: 14404: 14321:Soviet Union 14319: 14312: 14170: / 14160: / 14156: / 14152: / 14142: / 14126: / 14104: / 14076: / 14068:Oslo Accords 14013: / 14004: / 13994: / 13984: / 13974: / 13964: / 13948: / 13855: / 13755: 13745: 13727: 13677: 13667: 13633: 13607: 13598:Summer Rains 13597: 13587: 13542: 13532: 13522:(1993–2008; 13511:Bramble Bush 13510: 13468: 13434: 13405: 13387: 13353: 13311: 13278: 13165:Soviet Union 12855:Saudi Arabia 12626: 12539: 12471: 12396: 12383:. 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