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bunk while her husband, Kleshtch (Tick), works at his bench, fitting old keys and locks. Anna offers him the dumplings that
Kvashnya has left for her in the pot. Kleshtch agrees that there is no use feeding a dying woman, and eats the dumplings. The Actor helps Anna down from her bed and into the hall. As they go through the door, the landlord, Kostylyov, enters, nearly knocking them down. He looks around the dirty cellar and tells Kleshtch that he is taking up too much room and that henceforth the rent will be increased. Then Kostylyov asks Vaska furtively if his wife has been in; he suspects that his wife, Vasilisa, is sleeping with Vaska. The thief comes out of his room and denounces the landlord for not paying his debts, saying that Kostylyov still owes seven roubles for a watch he had bought. Ordering Kostylyov to produce the money immediately, Vaska sends him out of the room. The others admire Vaska for his courage and urge him to kill Kostylyov and marry Vasilisa, so he can be the landlord. Vaska decides that he is too softhearted to be a landlord, especially as he is thinking of discarding Vasilisa for her sister, Natasha. Satin asks Vaska for twenty kopecks, which he gives him.
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284:. The Baron, who lives largely on Nastya's earnings, seizes the book and mocks Nastya. Satin rises from his bunk, knowing only that he took a beating the night before, and the others tell him he had been caught cheating at cards. The Actor wakes in his bed on top of the stove. He predicts that someday Satin will be beaten to death.
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The card players become louder and Satin is accused of cheating. Luka quietens them down. He tells Vaska that he will be able to reform in
Siberia, and he assures the Actor that at a sanatorium he could be cured of alcoholism. Vasilisa comes in and offers Vaska three hundred rubles to kill Kostylyov.
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Natasha comes in with the tramp Luka, who is put in the kitchen to sleep with the three already there. Luka begins to sing, but the others object. When
Vasilisa comes in, she gives orders for an immediate sweeping of the floor. She asks to see Luka's passport, but he has none, making him more readily
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Luka has overheard everything and warns Vaska not to have anything to do with
Vasilisa. Luka sees that Anna is dead and Kleshtch is brought to look at her body, which he agrees to take outside. The Actor begins to cavort in joy, saying he has made up his mind to go to the sanatorium. Luka has told
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The Actor reminds the Baron to sweep the floor to satisfy the strict landlady. The Baron and
Kvashnya leave to go shopping. The Actor claims a doctor has told him he has an organ poisoned by alcohol, and sweeping the floor would be bad for his health. Anna, who is dying of consumption, lies in her
364:
Nikolai
Alexandrovich Bugrov in memory of his father, A. P. Bugrov. When the actors of the Moscow Arts Theatre were preparing the play for its first run in 1902, Maxim Gorky supplied them with photographs of the Nizhny Novgorod underclass taken by the famous local photographer, Maxim Dmitriev, to
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was criticized for its pessimism and ambiguous ethical message. The presentation of the lower classes was viewed as overly dark and unredemptive, and Gorky was clearly more interested in creating memorable characters than in advancing a formal plot. However, in this respect, the play is generally
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That night, Anna lies in her bunk while a noisy card game goes on. Luka talks gently to her, and
Kleshtch comes occasionally to check on her. Luka remarks that her death will be hard on her husband, but Anna accuses Kleshtch of causing her death, and says that she looks forward to rest and peace
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In the backyard that night, as
Natasha is telling romantic stories to the crowd, Kostylyov comes out and orders her back to work. As she goes in, Vasilisa pours boiling water on Natasha's feet. Vaska attempts to rescue her and knocks Kostylyov down, and in the ensuing brawl Kostylyov is killed.
318:
Sensing trouble, Luka disappears. Vaska escapes a police search, and
Natasha is taken to the hospital, while the rest of the down-and-outers continue as before. Satin cheats at cards, and the Baron tries to convince the others of his former affluence. They all agree that Luka was a liar.
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In the cellar of a small boarding house, thin boards partition off the room of Vaska, a young thief. In the kitchen live
Kvashnya (Dough), a vendor of meat pies, the decrepit Baron, and the streetwalker Nastya. Other lodgers sleep in bunks in the same room.
322:
During a bitter quarrel with Nastya, the Baron steps outside. Satin and the others begin singing, but they break off when the Baron bursts in with the news of the actor's suicide, to which Satin retorts: "You spoiled the song, you idiot".
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Vaska knows he would be free to marry Natasha, who is recovering from a beating given to her by her jealous sister, and he is about to refuse when Kostylyov enters; Vaska pushes him out of the cellar.
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The theme of harsh truth versus the comforting lie pervades the play from start to finish, as most of the characters choose to deceive themselves over the bleak reality of their condition.
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accepted by the others. Medvedev, who is a policeman and Vasilisa's uncle, enters the cellar and begins to question Luka, but when the tramp calls him sergeant, Medvedev leaves him alone.
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665:"Miserable being must find more miserable being | Sound clips from Lady and the Tramp (1955) | Disney Movie Sound Clips"
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Vasilisa immediately accuses Vaska of murder. Natasha thinks that Vaska has murdered Kostylyov for the sake of Vasilisa.
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V. C. Hopkins, "The Iceman Seen Through The Lower Depths," College English, XI (Nov. 1949).
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Gorky's play has been recognized as an important influence on Eugene O'Neill's 1946 drama
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126:. The play depicts a group of impoverished Russians living in a
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546:. In the dog pound scene from the 1955 Disney animated film
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Disney, Pixar, and the Hidden Messages of Children's Films
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Grand Prix du Festival International du Film (1939–54)
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production of the play was filmed by Soviet director
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304:him that he can even be cured at state expense.
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513:, in which the characters have been moved to
484:studio and released as a feature film in the
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118:on December 18, 1902, under the direction of
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640:Maker of innovative, meaningful movies
628:History will never forget Chetan Anand
401:1936 film of the same name as the play
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388:(Rojō no Reikon), based on this play.
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114:written in 1902 and produced by the
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465:. The film stars Shanghai singer
448:to get international recognition.
280:Nastya is reading a novel titled
110:) is a play by Russian dramatist
1075:Maxim Gorky Literature Institute
499:adapted the story into the film
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1216:Plays set in the Russian Empire
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579:. Macmillan. 2011. p. 62.
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605:Peterburgsky Teatralny Zhurnal
599:Olga Naumova (November 2005).
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382:directed a silent film called
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892:Creatures That Once Were Men
444:in 1946, becoming the first
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157:– keeper of a night lodging
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553:the incarcerated homeless
442:first Cannes Film Festival
142:regarded as a masterwork.
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700:. ABC-CLIO. p. 25.
185:Andrei Mitritch Kleshtсh
175:– her uncle, a policeman
155:Mikhail Ivanov Kostylyov
137:When it first appeared,
852:The Life of Klim Samgin
744:in the original Russian
523:1966: Finnish director
451:1947: The Chinese film
446:Indian independent film
252:
205:– a vendor of meat-pies
120:Konstantin Stanislavski
844:The Artamonov Business
601:"Преследуемый театром"
346:Bugrovskaya nochlezhka
311:
273:
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260:
1211:Plays by Maxim Gorky
480:in conjunction with
1065:Gorky Park (Moscow)
1060:Maxim Gorki Theatre
941:Children of the Sun
675:on 12 November 2013
527:shot the play as a
341:Бугровская ночлежка
116:Moscow Arts Theatre
16:Play by Maxim Gorky
549:Lady and the Tramp
474:Moscow Art Theatre
457:(夜店), by director
410:producer-director
331:The characters of
327:Production history
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270:Moscow Art Theatre
61:Moscow Art Theatre
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734:Project Gutenberg
555:Russian Wolfhound
543:The Iceman Cometh
428:adaptation in an
385:Souls on the Road
296:after her death.
199:– a street-walker
161:Vasilisa Karpovna
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72:Original language
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1173:The Lower Depths
1149:The Lower Depths
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989:Vassa Zheleznova
925:The Lower Depths
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1160:(1946 Hindi)
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836:A Confession
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789:Bibliography
742:Lower Depths
741:
727:
696:
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677:. Retrieved
673:the original
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509:), starring
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412:Chetan Anand
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355:Old Believer
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49:18 December
1127:Maxim Gorky
1034:(1913–1923)
1025:Non-fiction
997:The Old Man
992:(1910/1935)
878:Old Izergil
855:(1925–1936)
780:Maxim Gorky
408:Indian film
397:Jean Renoir
393:French film
232:– a pilgrim
179:Vaska Pepel
112:Maxim Gorky
40:Maxim Gorky
1206:1902 plays
1200:Categories
949:Barbarians
933:Summerfolk
679:13 January
561:References
536:Influences
515:Edo period
472:1952: The
438:Palme d'Or
426:Hindi film
422:Lowly City
282:Fatal Love
247:Krivoi Zob
193:– his wife
163:– his wife
149:Characters
36:Written by
1165:Night Inn
973:Reception
643:The Hindu
607:. No. 42.
495:director
478:A. Frolov
467:Zhou Xuan
454:Night Inn
432:setting.
395:director
242:The Tatar
225:The Actor
215:The Baron
130:near the
97:romanized
901:" (1899)
894:" (1897)
887:" (1895)
885:Chelkash
880:" (1895)
873:" (1892)
529:telefilm
436:won the
236:Alyoshka
203:Kvashnya
173:Medvedev
67:, Russia
957:Enemies
502:Donzoko
482:Mosfilm
399:made a
337:Russian
167:Natasha
128:shelter
99::
88:Russian
75:Russian
1135:(1902)
1085:Znanie
1017:(1901)
1008:Poetry
1000:(1915)
984:(1910)
976:(1910)
968:(1908)
960:(1906)
952:(1905)
944:(1905)
936:(1904)
928:(1902)
920:(1901)
847:(1925)
839:(1908)
831:(1908)
823:(1906)
820:Mother
815:(1901)
807:(1899)
796:Novels
704:
583:
491:1957:
430:Indian
406:1946:
391:1936:
374:1921:
272:, 1902
220:Satine
209:Bubnov
197:Nastya
103:Na dne
92:На дне
65:Moscow
1141:Films
1080:Sreda
909:Plays
518:Japan
349:) in
132:Volga
702:ISBN
681:2022
581:ISBN
486:USSR
360:and
253:Plot
230:Luka
191:Anna
51:1902
1129:'s
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667:.
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